# Report: Germany's Move Away from Nuclear Energy

## Executive Summary

Germany's decision to phase out nuclear power represents one of the most significant energy policy shifts in recent European history.

Initially driven by environmental concerns following the Fukushima disaster in 2011, the complete nuclear exit scheduled for 2022 has now become highly contentious due to the Russian-Ukrainian war and subsequent energy crisis.

This report examines the advantages and disadvantages of Germany's nuclear phase-out, assesses how the energy market is adapting, analyzes the impact of the war on Germany's energy supply, and evaluates emerging movements to potentially bring nuclear reactors back online.

## Background of Germany's Nuclear Phase-Out

Germany's relationship with nuclear power has been complex and politically charged:

- **1957-1970s**: Germany embraced nuclear energy as a symbol of post-war technological advancement, building its first research reactor in 1957 and first commercial nuclear plant in 1960.

- **1970s-1980s**: Growing anti-nuclear movement emerged, primarily focused on nuclear waste disposal concerns, leading to the formation of the Green Party in 1983.

- **2001**: Chancellor Gerhard Schröder's government first announced a gradual exit from nuclear power.

- **2010**: Chancellor Angela Merkel's government revoked the nuclear exit agreement and extended operating periods for plants.

- **2011**: Following the Fukushima nuclear disaster, Merkel made a dramatic policy reversal, announcing Germany would end its nuclear era by December 31, 2022.

- **2021**: Three of the final six nuclear plants were shut down.

- **2022**: The remaining three plants (Isar 2, Emsland, and Neckarwestheim II) were originally scheduled to close, representing approximately 6% of Germany's electricity generation.

## Advantages of Germany's Nuclear Phase-Out

### 1.

Accelerated Renewable Energy Development
The nuclear phase-out has forced Germany to accelerate its renewable energy transition.

According to Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock, Germany recently achieved a record with 66% of its electricity coming from renewable sources.

The government is making substantial investments in renewables and maintaining its target of exiting coal- and gas-based power generation by 2030.

### 2.

Addressing Long-Term Nuclear Waste Concerns
Germany has been actively working to address the long-term challenge of nuclear waste disposal.

In 2017, the country began searching for a safe storage site for high-level radioactive waste, with plans to complete this process by 2031.

The phase-out eliminates the need for additional waste storage solutions.

### 3.

Public Support and Political Consensus (Initially)
The nuclear phase-out reflected strong public sentiment in Germany, where anti-nuclear movements have been particularly powerful compared to other nations.

The policy initially enjoyed broad cross-party support and aligned with Germany's environmental credentials.

## Disadvantages of Germany's Nuclear Phase-Out

### 1.

Increased Reliance on Fossil Fuels
Without nuclear power, Germany has had to increase its reliance on other energy sources, particularly natural gas and coal.

According to the documents, Germany has already reactivated some large coal-fired power plants to address potential shortages, undermining its climate goals.

This represents a significant step backward in emissions reduction efforts.

### 2.

Energy Security Vulnerabilities
Germany's nuclear phase-out increased its dependence on imported natural gas, particularly from Russia.

The documents highlight that Germany became increasingly reliant on Russian gas through pipelines like Nord Stream 2, which was designed to double Russian gas supplies to Germany while bypassing Ukraine and Poland.

This dependence has become a critical vulnerability since the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

### 3.

Economic Costs and Energy Prices
The transition away from nuclear has come with significant economic costs.

Replacing reliable, existing nuclear capacity requires substantial investment in alternative energy sources and grid infrastructure.

The loss of low-cost nuclear power has contributed to higher energy prices for consumers and industries.

### 4.

Grid Stability Challenges
Nuclear power provides consistent, baseload electricity that helps stabilize the grid.

Its removal creates challenges for maintaining grid stability, particularly during periods of low renewable energy generation or high demand.

## Impact of the Russian-Ukrainian War on Germany's Energy Supply

The Russian invasion of Ukraine has dramatically exposed the vulnerabilities in Germany's energy strategy:

### 1.

Energy Supply Crisis
The war has disrupted energy markets and created supply constraints, particularly for natural gas.

Germany's heavy reliance on Russian gas has forced the country to urgently seek alternative suppliers and energy sources.

### 2.

Policy Reversals
In response to the energy crisis, Germany has been forced to reconsider its nuclear phase-out timeline.

Senior officials have revealed plans to potentially delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants, marking a significant departure from Germany's long-standing energy policy.

### 3.

Increased Energy Conservation
The German government has drafted administrative orders to reduce natural gas and energy consumption, with energy authorities estimating that Germany needs to reduce usage by 20% to avoid natural gas shortages during winter months.

### 4.

Accelerated Renewable Energy Development
Paradoxically, the crisis has also accelerated renewable energy development.

EU energy ministers have agreed to frameworks to hasten the granting of permits for renewable energy projects, recognizing the strategic importance of domestic energy production.

## Growing Movement to Bring Nuclear Reactors Back Online

The energy crisis has sparked a significant debate in Germany about potentially extending nuclear power operations:

### 1.

Political Support for Nuclear Extension
- Opposition parties, particularly the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and Christian Social Union (CSU), have advocated extending nuclear plant operations to replace Russian natural gas.

- Within the ruling coalition, the Free Democratic Party (FDP), led by Finance Minister Christian Lindner, has supported maintaining nuclear power.

While the FDP is a junior partner in the coalition with the Social Democrats (SPD) and Greens, their advocacy has kept the nuclear debate alive.

### 2.

Public and Expert Opinion Shift
Supporting nuclear power is "no longer a taboo topic" in Germany, according to the documents.

Even some energy experts have argued that Germany should delay closing its last plants and further develop nuclear energy.

The International Atomic Energy Agency has increased its nuclear power production forecast, reflecting a global reassessment of nuclear's role.

### 3.

International Context
Germany is not alone in reconsidering nuclear power.

Japan is reviving its nuclear program, Belgium has delayed its nuclear phase-out by 10 years, and countries including China, India, Poland, the UK, France, and the Netherlands are all expanding or maintaining their nuclear capacity.

This international trend adds pressure on Germany to reconsider its position.

### 4.

Technical and Practical Considerations
Experts note that bringing offline nuclear plants back into operation is technically challenging and not always possible.

Building new plants would take considerable time, meaning that existing operational capacity represents a valuable short-to-medium-term energy asset during the current crisis.

## Conclusion and Recommendations

Germany's nuclear phase-out, while well-intentioned from an environmental perspective, has created significant energy security and economic challenges that have been exacerbated by the Russian-Ukrainian war.

The policy has accelerated renewable energy development but has also increased reliance on fossil fuels and created dangerous dependencies on imported energy.

The current energy crisis has forced a reconsideration of Germany's nuclear exit, with growing political and public support for maintaining the remaining nuclear plants at least temporarily.

This reflects a broader global trend of nuclear energy reassessment in response to energy security concerns and climate goals.

For the legislator who believes nuclear energy should be part of the green transition, the German experience offers several key insights:

1.

Nuclear energy can provide reliable, low-carbon baseload power during the transition to renewable energy sources.

Complete nuclear phase-outs without adequate alternative energy sources can create energy security vulnerabilities.

The current energy crisis has demonstrated that nuclear power may be necessary as a bridge technology until renewables can fully meet demand.

Public opinion on nuclear energy can shift rapidly in response to changing circumstances, particularly energy security concerns.

Germany's experience suggests that a more balanced approach—maintaining existing nuclear capacity while aggressively developing renewable energy—might better serve both climate and energy security objectives than a complete nuclear phase-out.

# Report: Germany's Move Away from Nuclear Energy

## Executive Summary

Germany's decision to phase out nuclear power represents one of the most significant energy policy shifts in recent European history.

Title:

Content: The Ukraine War Awakens Europe ’ s Energy Dream
The war in Ukraine has had a profound impact on the world economy.
It will, at least in terms of energy, food, strategic supply chains, finance and the world ’ s currency, international investment, and international big business, subvert the global imagination of the post-Cold War era for three decades.
The pendulum of the global historical process will inevitably swing back in the direction of “decoupling. ”
Limited to space, this is mainly about energy issues.
As the “post-Cold War era ” officially ends and traditional conflicts return to the center of the international stage, energy security is back in the spotlight.
In the Ukraine war, the warring side Russia is one of the most important energy supplies in the world, and the severity of the war of aggression has made it impossible for Russia and the European and American countries to maintain the post-Cold War era of “politics and economics ”.
The “weapon of mass destruction ” in Russia ’ s hands is energy.
Europe and the United States know that energy is Russia's most important export products, blocking energy exports can vigorously hit the Russian economy; but at the same time, it is obvious that reducing Russian energy imports will lead to a shortage of energy supply in Europe and the United States.
The United States, Canada and the United Kingdom can withstand this pain, the United States and Canada have announced that they will stop importing Russian energy, and the United Kingdom has announced that it will stop importing by the end of this year.
But Europe has become a soft spot for the Euro-American Asia-Pacific anti-Russian community, because Europe is too dependent on Russian energy.
Russia is the third largest oil exporter in the world and the second largest natural gas exporter, and Russia is far the first European energy supplier. In 2020, Europe imported a total of 185 billion cubic meters of natural gas from Russia, of which 168 billion were imported by pipeline and 1.7 billion by liquefied natural gas.
This accounts for 36% of total natural gas consumption in Europe.
In the European Union alone, natural gas imports from Russia account for 40% of its total consumption.
Such a massive dependence makes Europe ’ s energy sanctions against Russia seriously inadequate.
At the European Union meeting in Versailles on March 10, the EU announced that it would end its energy dependence on Russia by 2027 (five years later). On June 2, the EU announced the sixth round of sanctions, banning the import of Russian marine oil and reducing its oil imports by 92% by the end of the year.
But it is one thing to say, and whether it can be done is another.
Energy transition and energy crisis
In any case, the war in Ukraine has made the West suddenly aware of the importance of energy security.
Energy is the driving force behind the operation of society.
Energy security is a very important concept in the Cold War era when people were growing up. The oil crisis of the 1970s not only caused oil prices to rise, but even prices were not available, and the “spectacular ” scenarios of refueling such as long queues in front of gas stations can be found in pictures and videos.
Energy issues are so central to social issues, and even the anxiety about the “energy crisis ” in the literature and television works of the time is everywhere.
Remember the famous 1980s cartoon “Transformers ”, the core material of the battle between the Decepticons and the Boxers is the“ energy cube ”, and the two factions contended that “the one who gets the energy brick wins the world ”.
At that time, in order to stabilize the supply of energy, the United States changed its foreign policy and reached a so-called “petrodollar ” agreement with Saudi Arabia, the leader of the Arab world and one of the world ’ s largest oil reserves, to provide security and Saudi Arabia agreed to use the dollar as the only currency for oil.
The United States, with its strong naval power, provides escort for oil exports (shipping).
This system stabilizes the supply of oil from the Middle East and also provides “convenience ” for other countries.
After the end of the Cold War, under the globalization of free trade and global investment, energy production was internationalized, and many international energy companies held shares in each other.
The world rarely has a war that seriously affects the supply of energy, and even if there is a war, it is not to the point of death. The vast majority of energy-producing countries are focused on the economic and trade interests of global energy production, and they can usually guarantee the basic normal supply of energy in times of conflict.
Energy security issues have long been ignored.
In the post-Cold War era, energy issues were still very important on the international agenda, but “energy security ” fell back to the second line, and the focus quickly shifted to“ carbon reduction. ”
The rise of climatism in the face of the "crisis" brought about by global climate change.
Climatologists believe that: First, global climate change is the most important crisis of the earth, which will lead to the whole ecological deterioration, sea level rise, humanitarian disasters, and even human destruction and other tragedies; Second, the cause is mainly human carbon dioxide released when a large amount of fossil energy is used to cause global warming; Third, positive emission reduction can prevent the crisis.
Under this “three-paragraph theory ”, climatologists actively promote“ carbon reduction ” and dominate the post-Cold War energy agenda.
There are two ways to reduce emissions.
The first is to reduce energy consumption, which does not contradict the concept of energy security: less energy is used, and energy security is naturally easier to guarantee.
The second is the energy transition from “dirty ” traditional energy to“ clean ” energy.
It is this energy transition that has transformed the landscape of energy production and trade.
Countries that previously had abundant coal mines, such as Germany, had to import a large amount of natural gas because of the rush to phase out coal-fired power generation, renewable energy sources could not keep up, and there was a huge gap in energy supply; after the start of the electric vehicle revolution, the demand for electricity rose further, so the demand for natural gas was higher.
In this two-pronged way, the whole society is over-reliant on natural gas.
From the perspective of energy security, it is self-defeating.
Of course, Germany is even more amazing, even if it has not completely eliminated coal, but it has not dug up coal, and instead imported from Russia.
Another factor in Europe ’ s increased reliance on natural gas is the decline in the use of nuclear energy.
As mentioned earlier, nuclear energy is a clean energy source in the sense of carbon emissions.
After the Cold War, the share of nuclear power in Europe increased.
However, nuclear waste disposal and the safety of nuclear facilities have always been a concern.
But since 2005, nuclear power has been in decline: Europe ’ s old nuclear plant life cycle has gradually expired, and Europe (except the United Kingdom and France) has stopped building new plants.
On this issue, Germany is leading the European trend, because Germany ’ s anti-nuclear movement is the most powerful.
In particular, after the Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan in 2011, there were massive anti-nuclear demonstrations in Germany, and Merkel announced that all 17 nuclear power plants in the country would be shut down by 2022.
It is with Germany that other countries in Europe have accelerated the nuclear abolition project.
Nord Stream 2 highlights Germany's lack of big power
Germany, as a bad example, relies too much on “hostile states ” (Russia) in addition to abandoning coal mines and nuclear weapons.
The dispute over the North Stream 2 pipeline is best known.
Nord Stream II was a natural gas pipeline from Russia to Germany via the Baltic Sea (alongside the original Nord Stream I).
Germany built this pipeline for two purposes.
The first is the energy gap, and the second can double the supply of natural gas from Russia to Germany.
Second, other natural gas pipelines from Russia to Germany have to pass through Poland and Ukraine, and every time Russia uses the "energy card" to threaten to "cut off" Ukraine, it will also cause Germany to "suffer", which affects Germany's natural gas supply, but also makes Russia's "energy card" scruples.
"North Stream 2" can greatly alleviate this problem.
International large-scale natural gas transmission generally has two methods.
The traditional way is through the pipeline of the gas pipeline, natural gas is continuously transported from the source of production to the destination.
The emerging method is liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is liquefied at the production site and then transported to the destination by giant specialized vessels to re-gasify the LNG at the receiving station.
The two are better than each other.
The early investment in the pipeline method is huge (construction of pipelines), but the operating costs are relatively cheap after construction.
LNG transportation costs are generally higher than gas pipelines, plus the conversion costs from gas to liquid to gas.
In terms of transportation costs alone, the shorter the distance, the greater the cost advantage of the gas pipe; the longer the distance, the closer the transportation cost of LNG will be to the gas pipe or even lower than the gas pipe.
It is estimated that at about 700 miles, LNG transportation costs will be lower than subsea pipelines, and at about 2,200 miles, LNG will be lower than terrestrial pipelines.
From the price point of view, Europe, especially Germany, is the most economical way to import from Russia.
However, this is only based on price considerations, and if you add the national security perspective of energy security, the consideration is completely different.
The gas pipeline model is a "binding mode", after the huge construction of the gas pipeline linking the two countries, it is difficult to abandon the gas pipeline, and can not use the pipeline to transport natural gas from other countries, so the energy will depend on the exporting country for a long time.
LPG is a "non-binding mode", as long as there is a receiving station, the purchase from any country is transported by ship.
For Germany and Europe, plus Russia, which supplies pipeline gas, is an enemy, and the United States, which supplies liquefied petroleum gas, is an ally.
During the Trump administration, Nord Stream II became the focus of the contradiction of virtue.
The United States believes that Russia is a hostile country, Germany should not further increase its dependence on Russia on the important issue of energy, Nord Stream 2 should be stopped, and the United States announced sanctions.
The United States also took the opportunity to sell liquefied natural gas to the United States.
The position of the Trump administration is completely correct. Unfortunately, the relationship between the United States and Europe is very poor during the Trump period, and the sanctions are too harsh.
In Germany under Merkel, there is also the argument that the United States is less reliable than Russia.
This enabled Germany to press ahead with the construction of Nord Stream II, knowing that Russia had annexed Crimea and threatened European security.
Under this trend of thinking, Europe has further increased its dependence on Russian energy.
In fact, since 2009, Europe has been aware of its deep and growing dependence on Russian energy.
Even after the Crimea incident in 2014, Europe continued to increase its natural gas imports from Russia, and began importing Russian liquefied natural gas in 2017.
The reason for this, in addition to economic costs, is also due to the continuous decline in natural gas production in Europe itself (the North Sea gas fields are beginning to dry up).
In fact, Europe has been anaesthetizing itself, dreaming that Russia, no matter how bad, can not prevent the normal supply of energy to Europe.
However, the Russian invasion has awakened Europe ’ s “energy dream. ”
(This article is excerpted from Li ’ s book “The Disintegration of Empire and the Fortress of Freedom: Historical Origins, Geopolitics, and Justice in Ukraine ’ s War Against Russia ”, provided by Eight Banners Culture)
Extended reading
Thematic book exhibition on the Russian-Ukrainian conflict
What do Chinese forces want to enter the United States in Beijing?
Cold and sad?
The link between climate and happiness
Bureaucratic zombie policies.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
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Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Content: World

Berlin against, Rome is silent, Paris in favor. Nuclear power explodes in the EU

Germany closed three reactors in 2021 and plans to do the same with the other three in 2022. Belgium shares the same idea, “shut down” its seven plants by 2025. Spain, which has some reactors in operation as well, does not consider them “green” at all. Luxembourg dismisses the proposal to include the atom in the green taxonomy as a “provocation”. Austria of the atom does not want to know, with 82% of its primary energy production made from renewables (data 2019), and is studying a legal action against the Commission. France is delighted to see nuclear power (77% of its domestic production) taken into account by Brussels. Italy, which is fond of Minister Cingolani’s idea of increasing its gas extractions, is currently silent and at least hopes for a golden rule to exclude “green” investments from the calculation of the deficit. A few days after the publication of the draft of the European Commission on the green taxonomy, the distances between the 27 instead of narrowing, are widening and if yesterday they seemed divided, today they show themselves to be shattered.

The definition of the green taxonomy is fundamental in orienting investments: with the “green” stamp, industrial and infrastructure projects can be much more attractive for private capital. However, the decision to include nuclear and gas in the EU’s green taxonomy has met with harsh criticism already in recent weeks, when rumors had not yet taken the form of a draft Commission. The technicians from Brussels and the team of experts who collaborated in the drafting of the central document for the definition of the EU energy planning in the context of the Green New Deal tried to circumvent the foreseeable resistance by introducing some conditions for the two sources that are not neutral with respect to the climate and the environment. Nuclear and gas, first of all, will be considered compatible with the green taxonomy only for a defined period of time and “to the extent that they contribute to the transition towards climate neutrality and do not significantly damage the environment”, according to an official of Brussels. “The Commission sees the future energy mix as a predominantly renewable or low-carbon energy system. We really hope that this proposal will help bring about the change we need and channel private funding towards low-emission energy sources ”.

In fact, it means that investments in nuclear power will be “green” only if the projects presented have a well defined plan, funds and site for the disposal of radioactive waste in total safety. Building permits will only be allowed until 2045. It is worth remembering that at the moment there is still talk of third generation or third plus nuclear power. Not the fourth, the (slag-free) fusion that experts believe may have a role on an industrial scale no earlier than the middle of the century. As for gas, investments in power plants will be green only if they contribute to emissions of less than 270 grams of CO2 equivalent per kWh and replace more polluting fossil fuel plants. They will need to obtain a building permit before 2030.

On gas, the Commission’s conditions appear much more stringent. It is a non-solid fossil source, certainly less polluting than coal and to which Italy looks with interest, having unused methane deposits. Moreover, in a European context of high prices and constant reduction of supplies from the main supplier, Russia, for reasons of a geopolitical nature. But it is on nuclear power that the clash risks worsening at the community level.

“We believe nuclear technology is dangerous,” government spokesman Steffen Hebestreit told reporters in Berlin, noting that the question of what to do with the radioactive waste remains unresolved. Hebestreit added that Germany “expressly rejects” the EU assessment on atomic energy and has repeatedly affirmed this position towards the Commission. Germany is now considering the next steps to take. Germany is set to shut down the remaining three nuclear power plants later this year and phase out coal by 2030, while its neighbor France aims to modernize existing reactors and build new ones to meet energy needs. Berlin plans to rely on natural gas until it can be replaced by non-polluting energy sources. The opposite paths taken by two of the EU’s largest economies have led to an embarrassing situation for the Commission. The draft EU executive branch concludes that both nuclear power and natural gas can be considered sustainable under certain conditions for investment purposes.

Hebestreit said the German government’s goal is to use natural gas only as a “bridge technology” and replace it with non-polluting alternatives such as hydrogen produced from renewable energy by 2045, the deadline the country has set for becoming climate neutral. . The spokesman did not say whether Chancellor Olaf Scholz supports the opinion of the Minister of Economy and Climate Robert Habeck that the European Commission’s proposals are a form of “greenwashing”.

Germany has pulled the plug on three of its last six nuclear power plants. The Brokdorf, Grohnde and Gundremmingen C reactors, operated by the E.On and Rwe utilities, were closed on December 31st after 35 years of operation. The last three nuclear power plants – Isar 2, Emsland and Neckarwestheim II – will be shut down by the end of 2022. However, closure does not mean decommissioning, which will take much longer and is expected to take place by 2040 in the case of Brokdorf, for example. .

In 2021, the six nuclear power plants contributed about 12% of electricity generation in Germany. The German energy mix consists of 41% renewables, 28% coal and 15% gas. By 2030, Germany aims to meet 80% of energy demand with renewables. This is not the case in France where – given Eurostat 2019 – 77.6% of its energy produced comes from the atom and only 20% from renewable.

Germany is not alone in the firm opposition to the proposal put forward by Brussels: the draft “is a provocation from a procedural point of view” and “in terms of content it hides the risk of greenwashing”, wrote on Twitter the Minister of Energy of the Luxembourg, Claude Turmes, saying he is ready to “examine the proposal in detail and discuss further steps” together with Germany and Austria, equally opposed to including nuclear power among sustainable investments. The proposal was sent to governments on Friday, “in a nocturnal and nebulous action. This says a lot about transparency ”, attacked Turmes.

The same tones used by Vienna: if these are the plans “we will sue”, wrote on Twitter the Austrian Federal Minister for Climate, Environment and Energy, Leonore Gewessler, highlighting that nuclear energy is “dangerous and not it represents a solution in the fight against the climate crisis ”. Austria has no reactors and produces almost all of its energy from renewable sources.

The Spanish government also rejected the European Commission’s proposal to include nuclear and natural gas energy in the EU’s “green” taxonomy. According to Madrid, this is “a step backwards” and “a wrong signal” for the financial markets. Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge, Teresa Ribera, stressed that “regardless of whether we can continue to invest in one or the other, we believe they are not green or sustainable energies”. Spain – he added – “is a firm supporter of green taxonomy as a key tool to have common references that can be used by investors to achieve the decarbonisation of the economy and climate neutrality by 2050”, but include nuclear and gas “It would be a step backwards,” according to the government official Sanchez. “It makes no sense and sends the wrong signals for the European energy transition as a whole,” he stressed. While admitting that both nuclear power and natural gas have a role to play in the transition, this is “limited in time”. Member States have until 12 January to provide their response to the Commission. Then, once published, it will have to pass the scrutiny of the EU Council and Parliament, where the environmentalist parties are also announcing a battle.

In 2019, France was the country that produced the largest share of energy in the EU (20% of the total), followed by Germany (17%), Poland (9.6%), Italy and Sweden (6%). ). However, the debate on green taxonomy is intertwined with energy security (or sovereignty) in a particular historical phase, marked by risks to the security of supply due to geopolitical and military reasons, as shown by the tensions on the Ukrainian border. Primary energy production in the EU in 2019 was distributed among various energy sources, the most important of which in terms of the size of its contribution were renewables, with over a third (36.5%) of the total. Second place for nuclear power, with 32.0% of total primary energy production, with France in the lead, followed by Belgium (77% of domestic production in 2019) which, however, is about to abound in nuclear power like Germany. However, all European energy production is not enough to meet its needs: more than half of Europe’s energy is imported. The EU energy dependency rate exceeds 50%.

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Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
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Title:

Content: A view from Germany on war and the climate crisis

German foreign minister Annalena Baerbock is in SA this week for the two-yearly meeting of the two countries’ Binational Commission. She answered questions from the Sunday Times ahead of her visit

25 June 2023 - 00:00 By ANNALENA BAERBOCK
Award winning Mercedez1 The production line in Mercedes Benz SA's award-winning plant in East London.
Image: Theo Jeptha

South Africa is an international heavyweight and, since the end of apartheid, has been one of the leaders of the continent. Therefore, the most pressing global topics will be high on our agenda, such as our common fight against the climate crisis and Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, which has painful effects on both Europe and Africa.

But we also have ambitious plans to intensify relations between our two countries: my visit marks the meeting of our Binational Commission, created by Nelson Mandela during his time in office in the spirit of shaping our common future together. In the margins of this year’s meeting, we will sign agreements on co-operation in vocational training as well as green hydrogen. When we talk about deepening German-South African relations, we mean business.

ON RUSSIA'S WAR AGAINST UKRAINE

I do not believe in Cold War thinking. We live in a multipolar world, which is held together by a set of rules ensuring our peaceful coexistence, called the UN Charter, to which our countries are committed.

Russia broke those rules. It invaded its smaller neighbour Ukraine with the aim of erasing it as an independent state. Every day it is bombing schools, hospitals, power stations. It has killed thousands of innocent civilians and willingly caused a global energy and food crisis.

I understand that in a country about 9,000km away some may ask: why do you expect us to get involved? Similarly, not everyone in my country follows current affairs in Mozambique or the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). But I encourage everyone to ask themselves: what reaction would I expect from the international community if this war took place in my neighbourhood? Each country must decide how to respond to this breach — do we uphold the rules that protect us all? Or do we allow such behaviour to become the new norm? I don’t see how that would be in any country's interest.

The African peace initiative can be a good opportunity to bring South Africa’s weight to bear. South Africa's voice matters on the international stage: when the country of Mandela and Desmond Tutu speaks out against injustice, the world listens.

ON OUR ECONOMIC RELATIONS

Your country is Germany’s most important trade and investment partner on the African continent. More than 500 German companies are invested in South Africa, among them BMW, Mercedes and Volkswagen. Together they create more than 100,000 jobs and account for about 10% of South Africa's exports in manufactured goods.

The reason for that is not just South Africa's well-skilled workforce. South Africa is living proof that democracy, a free and outspoken media and an independent judiciary are the best guarantees for investors. When democracies work together, everyone stands to benefit, not just politically but economically.

It is no secret that high crime, social injustice and corruption are worries for prospective investors in any country. Many businesses in South Africa have also been affected by the energy crisis, and this is holding back investment in new production sites. That is why our two countries put so much emphasis on co-operation in developing green energy projects.

Annalena Baerbock, federal minister for foreign affairs of Germany.
Image: Henry Nicholls/ WPA Pool via Getty Images

ON THE CLIMATE CRISIS

For many years my country wasted precious time by failing to tackle the phase-out of coal in parallel with the expansion of renewable energies. This neglect is now costing us dearly as we are forced to move ahead at twice the speed. But even Russia's war has not pushed us off track: yes, we had to temporarily reactivate a handful of coal plants we had held in reserve, to keep families warm in the freezing winter.

But Germany is moving full steam ahead with its green energy transition. We are making a substantial investment in in renewables, and are sticking to our target of exiting coal- and gas-based power generation by 2030. Last month, 66% of our electricity came from renewables, a new record.

We know from experience that the transition is not always easy. Coal mining was an important employer in my home state, and it took years to build a consensus on a phase-out plan that protects workers' livelihoods, creates new business opportunities and allows us to meet our climate goals.

But the climate crisis does not wait for us. And the injustice is that many of the poorest countries, including in Africa, are hit hard by its effects even though they have contributed little to it. Nonetheless, saving our planet requires us all to phase out fossil fuels and switch to renewables as soon as possible.

That is why Germany and other international partners are supporting South Africa with a “just energy transition partnership”. The good news is: renewables are not only the best way to save our planet, they are also the cheapest and quickest way to generate additional energy and end the energy crisis in South Africa.

ON GREEN HYDROGEN

From my perspective, South Africa is in a unique position to benefit from the green hydrogen boom. There are few countries with better climate conditions and comparable home-grown expertise and technology. As the world is transitioning towards green energy, it thirsts for green hydrogen — and is willing to pay a lot of money for it.

Germany and other European countries are diversifying their energy supplies at record speed because Russia decided to use its oil and gas as an economic weapon against us. The South African economy stands to gain a profitable new export sector and to create thousands of jobs. Last year, President Cyril Ramaphosa and Chancellor Olaf Scholz launched a landmark project on green hydrogen-based aviation fuels, and we are working to make sure that is only the beginning.

The climate crisis is the biggest driver of conflict and the greatest security threat to the world. That is why we all, and especially industrialised countries, have a responsibility to do everything in our power to contain and mitigate it while there is still time

ON EQUAL RIGHTS

Racism, xenophobia and far-right extremism are poison for all democracies. Wherever they rear their heads, it is the responsibility of free societies to push back with determination. Especially when societies come under pressure from war, inflation or economic uncertainty, extremists and autocrats find fertile ground for their divisive slogans.

That is why it is important for those who believe in peace, equal rights and tolerance to work together. I am convinced that, in the 21st century, a modern foreign policy must include standing up for equal rights, not just for men and women, but for all people regardless of gender, race, religion or sexual orientation, as well as addressing the legacy of colonialism. That is at the centre of our concept of feminist foreign policy, and my South African colleague Naledi Pandor and I see eye to eye on these topics.

ON SECURITY IN AFRICA

Africa and Europe are neighbours, therefore Africa’s security is also Europe’s security. When conflicts rage on the African continent, we feel the effects in Europe, just as African countries feel the effects of Russia starting a war of aggression in Europe. Thus, the fighting in Sudan, the deteriorating security situation in the Sahel region and the repeated cycles of violence in eastern DRC — to name a few — worry me and my European colleagues.

At the same time, the AU and other regional organisations have shown success in finding African solutions for African problems and have developed unique expertise and experience in mediation and conflict resolution, which we try to support where we can. That is why there was never a question in my mind that Germany should support the AU’s long-standing request for membership in the G20.

Naturally, military action is only one piece of the sustainable stability puzzle. We know that the climate crisis is the biggest driver of conflict and the greatest security threat to the world. That is why we all, and especially industrialised countries, have a responsibility to do everything in our power to contain and mitigate it while there is still time.

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Title:

Content: Read the history of the moment: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power? | German News | DW | 14.04.2023
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Read the history of the present: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power?
Germany was proud of its nuclear power generation technology, but at the same time the technology has been so controversial that it has finally decided that April 15, 2023 is the date of withdrawal from nuclear power.
However, as the energy crisis caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war continues to intensify, the wisdom of the decision to say goodbye to nuclear energy has been widely discussed.
Germany ’ s nuclear policy is in dispute again
It all started with an "egg" - Germany's first nuclear reactor in Garching, near Munich, went into operation in October 1957.
Because the nuclear reactor, which belongs to the University of Munich, resembles an egg, it is nicknamed the "atomic egg".
It was a milestone in Germany's nuclear energy research and a symbol of Germany's resurgence after World War II.
The nuclear reactor, which was used for scientific purposes, remained in operation until 2000.
In 1957, Germany built its first nuclear reactor.
Three years later, in 1960, the first nuclear power plant for civilian use was built in the city of Kahl, on the banks of the Main River in Bavaria.
At that time, atomic energy was widely regarded as both safe and reliable. The 1973 oil crisis gave further impetus to the rapid development of nuclear energy in Germany.
The start of the anti-nuclear movement
Since it has been impossible to find a foolproof way to store nuclear waste, opponents have begun to question whether nuclear energy is really a clean energy source.
Thousands of protesters clashed with police during the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Shihe.
Since the 1970s, plans for the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant have triggered numerous police and civil conflicts.
"Nuclear energy? No, thank you!" has become a rallying cry for environmentalists.
In the 1980s, a new political party, the Green Party, emerged in West Germany. Its members are mainly leftists, pacifists, environmentalists and anti-nuclear forces. In 1983, the Green Party entered the Bundestag.
In 1983, Green Party politicians Gert Bastian and Petra Kelly were elected to the Bundestag.
On March 28, 1979, a serious accident occurred at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania, United States. On April 26, 1986, a reactor at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine, Soviet Union, exploded, causing the worst nuclear disaster in history.
Radiation clouds spread throughout Europe.
The accident also marked a turning point in discussions about nuclear technology in Germany.
At the time, Germany was still divided.
In East Germany under the Communist Party, the public received almost no information about the nuclear accident and its effects.
West Germany, on the other hand, was in a state of confusion and politicians were helpless.
People were unprepared for a nuclear leak, and the government was unable to provide guidelines and response strategies for the time being.
A hastily formed crisis management team was also disbanded shortly afterwards.
The Chernobyl nuclear accident has caused widespread concern in Germany.
People are buying iodine.
A large quantity of fruit, vegetables and milk in the supermarket was ordered to be removed from the shelves because of concerns about nuclear radiation.
Children were banned from playing in the sand pools and citizens were warned not to go out in the rain.
Although the health effects of radiation were not detected in Germany, the accident led to the introduction of nationwide radiation monitoring in Germany, which eventually led to the establishment of the Federal Ministry of the Environment.
Plans to build a nuclear waste treatment plant in the Bavarian town of Wackersdorf have sparked serious riots.
The clashes left several protesters and civil servants dead and hundreds injured.
The project was finally halted in 1989, the first major victory of the German environmental movement.
And...
In 2011, protesters handcuffed themselves to the tracks in an attempt to block trains carrying nuclear waste.
Meanwhile, in northern Germany, Gorleben in Lower Saxony became a symbol of the struggle against nuclear waste, and the town was designated to temporarily store nuclear waste until a permanent storage site was identified.
The first shipment of nuclear waste arrived in the town on 24 April 1995.
A long farewell to nuclear power - Germany's nuclear withdrawal process after many setbacks
In 2001, Schroeder's center-left coalition government of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and the Green Party reached an agreement with major energy companies to phase out nuclear power.
All 19 nuclear power plants in Germany have been given operating timelines and the last one is required to be shut down by 2021.
In 2001, Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder announced that Germany would phase out nuclear power generation.
In 2010, the center-right government led by Chancellor Angela Merkel withdrew the nuclear withdrawal agreement.
It also decided to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants.
However, the third major nuclear accident in the world has caused a change in Germany's nuclear energy policy. On March 11, 2011, the accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan caused by the earthquake and tsunami.
The impact of the accident on Germany is even greater than that of Japan.
As a veteran physicist, German Chancellor Angela Merkel unexpectedly changed her usual stance on nuclear energy policy.
Merkel suddenly announced that the era of nuclear power in Germany will end by the end of 2022. On July 30, 2011, the German Bundestag voted to approve the resolution.
After years of fierce fighting, the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Ishih will finally become history in 2021 after 35 years of operation.
In 2017, Germany decided to start a nationwide search for a safe place to store highly radioactive nuclear waste, with the mission to be completed by 2031.
At the end of 2021, anti-nuclear activists celebrated the closure of a nuclear power plant in North Germany.
Rethinking the nuclear policy.
The war in Ukraine has made Germany anxious to get rid of its energy dependence on Russia, which has also reignited the already ironclad policy of denuclearization.
The coalition leader has spearheaded a proposal to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants to replace natural gas from Russia with nuclear power.
In August 2022, CDU Chairman Meltz and CSU Chairman Soder both put forward the idea of extending the time limit for nuclear power operations.
Christian Lindner, finance minister of the business-oriented Liberal Democratic Party (FDP), immediately backed a return to nuclear power.
His party is junior partner in a centre-left coalition with the Social Democrats (SPD) and the Greens.
The latter will find it difficult to agree to an extension because opposition to nuclear power is one of their core issues.
But in the summer of 2022, no one in Germany completely ruled out that possibility.
LDP finance minister Lindner, who is focused on business interests, was also quick to join the pro-nuclear camp.
But for the Green Party, which is also part of the ruling coalition, the possibility of agreeing to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants is slim, because opposition to nuclear power is their basic principle.
Anything is possible in Germany in 2022.
Can nuclear power be a climate savior?
Editor: This article was originally published in August 2022
© 2022 Deutsche Welle Copyright Notice: All content in this article is protected by copyright law and may not be used without special permission from Deutsche Welle.
Any misconduct will lead to recovery and criminal prosecution.
DW.COM

Initially driven by environmental concerns following the Fukushima disaster in 2011, the complete nuclear exit scheduled for 2022 has now become highly contentious due to the Russian-Ukrainian war and subsequent energy crisis.

Title:

Content: The current energy crisis, nuclear power generation is back in favor of countries
PARIS (AFP) - As global energy import bills skyrocket and the climate crisis rages, countries around the world are struggling to find alternative sources of energy, and their preference for nuclear power is rising.
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After Japan ’ s Fukushima disaster in 2011, countries scaled back investment in nuclear power amid concerns about nuclear safety, but after Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine in February, there was a renewed trend toward nuclear power as energy supplies tightened and Europe struggled to move away from its dependence on Russian oil and gas.
Some experts argued that nuclear power should not be included in the options under consideration; others argued that in the face of so many crises, the world's energy mix must retain nuclear power.
One of the countries that is reconsidering the use of nuclear power is Japan, which shut down many nuclear reactors due to safety concerns following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
But Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida this week called for efforts to revive nuclear power generation and build new nuclear power plants.
Other countries that had intended to move away from nuclear power have also abandoned such plans, at least in the short term.
For example, within a month of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Belgium postponed the implementation of its 2025 plan to abolish nuclear energy for 10 years.
Although nuclear power currently accounts for only 10% of the world ’ s electricity generation, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raised its forecast for nuclear power production in September, the first time since the Fukushima disaster.
The International Atomic Energy Agency now expects global nuclear power generation to double by 2050, in the best case scenario.
Even in Germany, Europe ’ s largest economy, nuclear power is no longer a taboo topic, as the current energy crisis has reignited debate over plans to close its last three plants by 2022.
As nuclear power can replace coal-fired power generation, China, the Czech Republic, India and Poland have all expressed interest in developing nuclear infrastructure, with China now having the largest number of reactors.
Britain, France and the Netherlands have similar ideas; even US President Joe Biden ’ s proposed investment plan encourages the development of nuclear power.
Experts at the UN ’ s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledge that the use of nuclear energy “may be limited by social preferences ” because the risks of a nuclear disaster and the issue of how to safely dispose of nuclear waste remain unresolved.
But some countries still oppose the use of nuclear power, such as New Zealand, and the European Union has hotly debated whether nuclear power can be considered a green energy source.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
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Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
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BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
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Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Title:

Content: Renewable energy infrastructure will take decades to develop, experts say

Oil and gas companies should be part of the discussion on climate change, according to panellists at the World Government Summit

Beta V.1.0 - Powered by automated translation

The world needs “short-term” solutions as the infrastructure for renewable energy will take decades to develop, industry experts have said.

“We don’t have the infrastructure that really makes it possible for renewables to grow at the speed and scale that is needed,” Francesco La Camera, director general of the Abu Dhabi-based International Renewable Energy Agency (Irena), said during a panel discussion at the World Government Summit.

“We are talking about physical infrastructure, the legal and policy infrastructure [as well as] the professional skills.”

The war in Ukraine has triggered a global energy crisis, marked by a shortage of fuel supplies and volatile prices.

Countries in Europe and elsewhere are now racing to develop renewable and natural gas projects as they seek to reduce their reliance on Russian fossil fuel exports.

“We're talking about the biggest investment programme ever in the energy industry, which is used to developing projects over decades,” Siemens Energy chief executive Christian Bruch told the panel.

Investment in low-carbon projects is expected to increase by $60 billion this year, 10 per cent higher than 2022, led by developments in the wind sector, as well as a “significant” rise in funding for hydrogen and carbon capture, according to Rystad Energy, a Norway-based energy consultancy.

About $131 trillion will have to be spent by 2050 to achieve a low-carbon energy transition that will limit global temperature rises to manageable levels, Irena said.

Mohamed Al Ramahi, chief executive of Abu Dhabi clean energy company Masdar, said the Ukraine war, which disrupted energy markets and global trade flows, had created new opportunities in the renewables sector.

The current crisis has “accelerated” the rate at which renewable energy permits are being issued in Europe, he said.

“Before the war, this was literally impossible … I see these challenges creating humongous opportunities,” Mr Al Ramahi said.

Last year, EU energy ministers agreed to outline a temporary framework to hasten the granting of permits and the development of renewable energy projects.

Masdar, which has Adnoc, Taqa and Mubadala Investment Company as its stakeholders, aims to grow its renewable energy capacity to at least 100 gigawatts by 2030 while boosting its green hydrogen production to one million tonnes over the next decade.

“Is it sufficient enough? And the simple answer to that is definitely not. We need 10 times our target capacity on an annual basis for the next decade [to meet global net-zero goals]” said Mr Al Ramahi.

However, the global energy transition is a “long and bumpy journey”, he said.

Oil and gas companies, which reported record profits last year on the back of higher energy prices, should be a part of the discussion on climate change, panellists said.

The global oil and gas industry's income jumped to about $4 trillion in 2022, from its recent average of $1.5 trillion, according to the International Energy Agency.

“Without that money, there won't be a transition because where's the money going to come from?” said Marco Dunand, chief executive of commodities trader Mercuria.

He also highlighted the need for more investment in new oil and gas projects after spending in the sector fell to historic lows during the Covid-19 pandemic.

“If you want to be in line with the Paris Agreement, you should be producing worldwide about 70 million barrels per day, but the demand [is expected] to be closer to 100 million bpd,” said Mr Dunand.

“There is no investment because there's so much uncertainty about the transition.”

The Cop28 summit — set to be held in the UAE this year — will offer a chance to take stock of the enforcement of the Paris Agreement.

“There will be differences between countries during the stock-take [and] Cop28 should say how we can close the gap,” said Mr La Camera.

Watch: Air taxis to take over Dubai skies in three years

Updated: February 13, 2023, 11:52 AM
EDITOR'S PICKS

This report examines the advantages and disadvantages of Germany's nuclear phase-out, assesses how the energy market is adapting, analyzes the impact of the war on Germany's energy supply, and evaluates emerging movements to potentially bring nuclear reactors back online.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Is the “climate crisis ” turning into an“ environmental crisis ”?
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At the recent climate summit in Glasgow, Scotland, European countries claimed the need to adopt the term "phase out" of coal, while other countries, including India, insisted on the term "phase down", and finally adopted the direction of "cut" in the hope that the next climate summit hosted by the Egyptian city of Sharm el-Sheikh next month will push towards "phase out". Perhaps they will be more committed to it during the next summit.
The lack of Russian gas supplies to Europe on the back of a political stance against Russia ’ s intervention in Ukraine has forced some of the continent ’ s countries that had ditched coal to reuse it for power generation, a trend that observers described as a “climate setback ” ahead of the COP27 summit.
In recent months, Europe has seen coal-fired power plants restart at a time when there has been a significant trend in Europe towards the final phase-out of coal, which will undoubtedly have repercussions at the upcoming climate summit in Sharm el-Sheikh.
Hassan Abulnaga, executive director of the Arab Network for Sustainable Development, told Asharq Al-Awsat: “I expect that the countries of Europe will be keen not to commit to anything towards getting rid of coal, as they sought at the previous summit, because no one knows when the Russian-Ukrainian war will end, and therefore its repercussions on the European energy crisis will end. ”
The International Energy Agency (IEA) expects global natural gas markets to remain tight until 2023, with Russian supplies to Europe cut, according to its latest gas market report issued on October 3, and therefore “European countries will be keen not to commit to anything during the upcoming climate summit, ” says Aboulnaga.
“We hope that this is not an ongoing approach, because of the temptations of coal as cheap energy, but in turn it is destructive to the environment and exacerbates the climate change that this summer has clearly been fueled by an unprecedented rise in temperatures and a drought not seen in Europe for a long time. ”
Germany, one of the countries most affected by the shortage of Russian gas supplies, said that in order to reduce gas consumption, "coal-fired power plants will have to be used more."
But the German government also said in a June 20 statement that it “remains committed to phasing out coal by 2030. ”
What the German government has pointed out is what makes some experts optimistic, despite the bleak picture, that the return of coal may be a temporary measure until the crisis is overcome, and the solution that Europe plans to secure the energy of the future by investing in renewable energy.
Khaled Khalaf, a professor of environmental sciences at Assiut University in southern Egypt, told Asharq Al-Awsat: “I do not imagine that Europe will abandon its success in the field of renewable energy, but the current crisis is an existential crisis, and it must look for temporary solutions. ”
International reports indicate that Europe has succeeded in reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 22 per cent compared to 1990 levels, due to investment in solar and wind energy, but the current energy crisis may push European countries towards more investment in this area, but after the current crisis is overcome, as Khalaf expects.
For his part, Majdi Allam, Secretary General of the Union of Arab Environmental Experts, explains that Europe is not expanding in the field of renewable energy, because their weather conditions do not allow it, as renewable energy needs permanent solar brightness and wind blowing.
Allam told Asharq Al-Awsat that the alternative solution in his opinion to ensure energy security is to go to the production of electricity using nuclear energy, pointing out that he sees no justification for the panic of this important source of energy, claiming fear of the accidents of the collapse of nuclear power plants.
“These incidents have only happened twice, in the Fukushima and Chernobyl disasters, and this is no reason to shy away from this important source of energy, which is more practical than renewable energy. ”
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Content: Sunday 26 November 1443 AH - 26 June 2022 |
Programs
Watch our latest episodes online
Grim scenarios.
Putin pushes German economy to the brink of collapse
German authorities have taken emergency measures, including increasing the use of coal to secure its energy needs amid declining volumes from Russia.
For some time now, German authorities have been concerned about the cessation of industrial furnaces due to the scarcity of energy resources following the Russian war on Ukraine.
For decades, these furnaces have been operating without interruption, “but if they suddenly cool, the molten material will harden and break the entire system, a concern that engulfs Europe ’ s largest economy. ”
After President Vladimir Putin cut energy flows to Europe by 60%, German experts and the administration of Chancellor Olaf Schulz this week looked as if they were waiting for bleak scenarios for the coming winter.
Klaus Müller, who heads the German federal network BNetzA, said Friday in an interview with Deutschland Funk radio: “If we had a very cold winter, it wouldn ’ t be pretty. ”
Ovens need 75% of their natural gas consumption to prevent the molten glass inside from overrunning and destroying the furnace.
For decades, Germany has thrived on cheap gas prices, and the response to the economy ’ s growing needs has often been the construction of a new pipeline to Russia.
But this era is now, and German companies are beginning to face a new and unusual reality.
Quick Solutions
There will be quick fixes, such as reviving polluting coal plants and converting fuel into industrial processes, despite their risks, because the transition to affordable renewable energy will take years.
Companies that manufacture metal, paper and even food may be forced to scale back or close German production sites, accelerating the ongoing mass migration of manufacturing jobs and leaving lasting damage to the country ’ s economic landscape.
Wolfgang Han, managing director of Energy Consulting Group GmbH, said: “Companies will move production to where there is a competitive line, and this will not be in Germany. ”
“You can ’ t correct 20 years of policy mistakes in two or three years. ”
The latest figures show it will take 115 days to reach the government ’ s target of filling gas reserves to 90% by November.
This timeframe assumes that flows remain at the current level, which is unlikely given the Kremlin ’ s increasingly aggressive stance toward Europe in response to sanctions imposed by Russia ’ s war in Ukraine.
The energy crisis
Gas storage levels in Germany are still below 60% of its capacity.
In response to the bleak outlook, Germany, which still depends on Russia for more than a third of its gas supplies, raised its threat level to the second-highest “alarm ” stage on Thursday.
If the pressure intensifies, Germany could start rationing supplies, the Bloomberg report confirms.
The moment of truth is likely to come next month when Nord Stream pipeline pumping for scheduled maintenance drops, as Germany fears pumping will never return.
German Vice Chancellor Robert Habeck said Thursday in an interview with public broadcaster ZDF in particular: “I ’ ll have to lie if I say I ’ m not afraid of it. ”
If energy suppliers continue to pile up losses by forcing them to cover lost Russian supplies at high prices, there is a risk of a wider collapse.
Uniper SE, Germany ’ s largest importer of Russian gas, has warned it could struggle to meet supply contracts to domestic utilities and manufacturers if Moscow lengthens or increases gas cuts.
The crisis has already spread far beyond Germany, where 12 EU member states have been affected and 10 countries have issued an early warning under the gas security regulation.
Rising European demand for LNG will also affect poorer countries around the world as they struggle to compete for shipments.
Estonian President Kaja Kalas, speaking at an EU summit in Brussels on Friday, said “we are concerned ” that Russia will cut off gas supplies to Europe.
“We need to be ready for an energy mix.
Different, unified LNG purchases and doing these things together. ”
Scope of risk
German economic institutes warned in April that an immediate halt to Russian imports of oil and natural gas would result in production being hit by 220 billion euros over the next two years.
Stefan Kothes, an economist at the Kiel Institute for World Economics, said that while it may be more moderate now with high storage levels, predicting the outcome of an unprecedented situation is difficult.
The Bundesbank estimates that the national economy will contract by more than 3% in 2023 if Russian energy supplies stop.
This would be the worst recession outside the recessions triggered by the coronavirus pandemic and the global financial crisis.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
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Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
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BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

## Background of Germany's Nuclear Phase-Out

Germany's relationship with nuclear power has been complex and politically charged:

- **1957-1970s**: Germany embraced nuclear energy as a symbol of post-war technological advancement, building its first research reactor in 1957 and first commercial nuclear plant in 1960.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

Catch all the Business News, Market News, Breaking News Events and Latest News Updates on Live Mint. Download The Mint News App to get Daily Market Updates.
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Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

- **1970s-1980s**: Growing anti-nuclear movement emerged, primarily focused on nuclear waste disposal concerns, leading to the formation of the Green Party in 1983.

- **2001**: Chancellor Gerhard Schröder's government first announced a gradual exit from nuclear power.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

Catch all the Business News, Market News, Breaking News Events and Latest News Updates on Live Mint. Download The Mint News App to get Daily Market Updates.
More Less
Recommended For You
×
Get alerts on WhatsApp
Set Preferences My Reads Watchlist Feedback Redeem a Gift Card Logout

- **2010**: Chancellor Angela Merkel's government revoked the nuclear exit agreement and extended operating periods for plants.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

Catch all the Business News, Market News, Breaking News Events and Latest News Updates on Live Mint. Download The Mint News App to get Daily Market Updates.
More Less
Recommended For You
×
Get alerts on WhatsApp
Set Preferences My Reads Watchlist Feedback Redeem a Gift Card Logout

- **2011**: Following the Fukushima nuclear disaster, Merkel made a dramatic policy reversal, announcing Germany would end its nuclear era by December 31, 2022.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

Catch all the Business News, Market News, Breaking News Events and Latest News Updates on Live Mint. Download The Mint News App to get Daily Market Updates.
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Recommended For You
×
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Title:

Content: Arguments of the Week Society → Nature 13 +
In 2022, Germany will get rid of all remaining nuclear power plants
, 15: 26
For Germany, which has abandoned nuclear power plants, only gas can provide minimal emissions, reasonable prices and growing energy consumption.
But at the same time, the Nord Stream 2 project is seriously stalled.
Despite the fact that EU policy does not exclude the use of nuclear power plants, Germany considers nuclear energy dangerous and opposes the EU ’ s plan to leave nuclear power plants in the region.
By the end of this year, Germany will shut down all its nuclear power plants, and by 2030 it will abandon coal.
This was stated by the representative of the German government S. Hebstrait.
This is reported by TK "High Voltage".
The government believes that it is necessary to develop alternative energy sources, including hydrogen, so that they replace gas as soon as possible.
The enthusiasm and perseverance with which the Greens in Germany are pushing their climate program would probably be enough to turn the Siberian rivers.
But many note that there is no economic justification for this, and it will be pure voluntarism in general, if you quarrel with Russia.
However, there are those who consider the course chosen by Germany to be a dead end in any case.
Once - after the accident at the Japanese nuclear power plant Fukushima - Angela Merkel emotionally shut down six nuclear power plants in the country.
The closure of three of the six German nuclear power plants that operated until the beginning of 2022 is a pure winning ideology.
The new government of Germany makes it clear that it will spend the next four years to make the green revolution (some say “adventure ”) irreversible, Izvestia writes.
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- **2021**: Three of the final six nuclear plants were shut down.

- **2022**: The remaining three plants (Isar 2, Emsland, and Neckarwestheim II) were originally scheduled to close, representing approximately 6% of Germany's electricity generation.

Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

## Advantages of Germany's Nuclear Phase-Out

### 1.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Title:

Content: The current energy crisis, nuclear power generation is back in favor of countries
PARIS (AFP) - As global energy import bills skyrocket and the climate crisis rages, countries around the world are struggling to find alternative sources of energy, and their preference for nuclear power is rising.
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After Japan ’ s Fukushima disaster in 2011, countries scaled back investment in nuclear power amid concerns about nuclear safety, but after Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine in February, there was a renewed trend toward nuclear power as energy supplies tightened and Europe struggled to move away from its dependence on Russian oil and gas.
Some experts argued that nuclear power should not be included in the options under consideration; others argued that in the face of so many crises, the world's energy mix must retain nuclear power.
One of the countries that is reconsidering the use of nuclear power is Japan, which shut down many nuclear reactors due to safety concerns following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
But Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida this week called for efforts to revive nuclear power generation and build new nuclear power plants.
Other countries that had intended to move away from nuclear power have also abandoned such plans, at least in the short term.
For example, within a month of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Belgium postponed the implementation of its 2025 plan to abolish nuclear energy for 10 years.
Although nuclear power currently accounts for only 10% of the world ’ s electricity generation, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raised its forecast for nuclear power production in September, the first time since the Fukushima disaster.
The International Atomic Energy Agency now expects global nuclear power generation to double by 2050, in the best case scenario.
Even in Germany, Europe ’ s largest economy, nuclear power is no longer a taboo topic, as the current energy crisis has reignited debate over plans to close its last three plants by 2022.
As nuclear power can replace coal-fired power generation, China, the Czech Republic, India and Poland have all expressed interest in developing nuclear infrastructure, with China now having the largest number of reactors.
Britain, France and the Netherlands have similar ideas; even US President Joe Biden ’ s proposed investment plan encourages the development of nuclear power.
Experts at the UN ’ s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledge that the use of nuclear energy “may be limited by social preferences ” because the risks of a nuclear disaster and the issue of how to safely dispose of nuclear waste remain unresolved.
But some countries still oppose the use of nuclear power, such as New Zealand, and the European Union has hotly debated whether nuclear power can be considered a green energy source.

Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Accelerated Renewable Energy Development
The nuclear phase-out has forced Germany to accelerate its renewable energy transition.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

Catch all the Business News, Market News, Breaking News Events and Latest News Updates on Live Mint. Download The Mint News App to get Daily Market Updates.
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Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Title:

Content: Renewable energy infrastructure will take decades to develop, experts say

Oil and gas companies should be part of the discussion on climate change, according to panellists at the World Government Summit

Beta V.1.0 - Powered by automated translation

The world needs “short-term” solutions as the infrastructure for renewable energy will take decades to develop, industry experts have said.

“We don’t have the infrastructure that really makes it possible for renewables to grow at the speed and scale that is needed,” Francesco La Camera, director general of the Abu Dhabi-based International Renewable Energy Agency (Irena), said during a panel discussion at the World Government Summit.

“We are talking about physical infrastructure, the legal and policy infrastructure [as well as] the professional skills.”

The war in Ukraine has triggered a global energy crisis, marked by a shortage of fuel supplies and volatile prices.

Countries in Europe and elsewhere are now racing to develop renewable and natural gas projects as they seek to reduce their reliance on Russian fossil fuel exports.

“We're talking about the biggest investment programme ever in the energy industry, which is used to developing projects over decades,” Siemens Energy chief executive Christian Bruch told the panel.

Investment in low-carbon projects is expected to increase by $60 billion this year, 10 per cent higher than 2022, led by developments in the wind sector, as well as a “significant” rise in funding for hydrogen and carbon capture, according to Rystad Energy, a Norway-based energy consultancy.

About $131 trillion will have to be spent by 2050 to achieve a low-carbon energy transition that will limit global temperature rises to manageable levels, Irena said.

Mohamed Al Ramahi, chief executive of Abu Dhabi clean energy company Masdar, said the Ukraine war, which disrupted energy markets and global trade flows, had created new opportunities in the renewables sector.

The current crisis has “accelerated” the rate at which renewable energy permits are being issued in Europe, he said.

“Before the war, this was literally impossible … I see these challenges creating humongous opportunities,” Mr Al Ramahi said.

Last year, EU energy ministers agreed to outline a temporary framework to hasten the granting of permits and the development of renewable energy projects.

Masdar, which has Adnoc, Taqa and Mubadala Investment Company as its stakeholders, aims to grow its renewable energy capacity to at least 100 gigawatts by 2030 while boosting its green hydrogen production to one million tonnes over the next decade.

“Is it sufficient enough? And the simple answer to that is definitely not. We need 10 times our target capacity on an annual basis for the next decade [to meet global net-zero goals]” said Mr Al Ramahi.

However, the global energy transition is a “long and bumpy journey”, he said.

Oil and gas companies, which reported record profits last year on the back of higher energy prices, should be a part of the discussion on climate change, panellists said.

The global oil and gas industry's income jumped to about $4 trillion in 2022, from its recent average of $1.5 trillion, according to the International Energy Agency.

“Without that money, there won't be a transition because where's the money going to come from?” said Marco Dunand, chief executive of commodities trader Mercuria.

He also highlighted the need for more investment in new oil and gas projects after spending in the sector fell to historic lows during the Covid-19 pandemic.

“If you want to be in line with the Paris Agreement, you should be producing worldwide about 70 million barrels per day, but the demand [is expected] to be closer to 100 million bpd,” said Mr Dunand.

“There is no investment because there's so much uncertainty about the transition.”

The Cop28 summit — set to be held in the UAE this year — will offer a chance to take stock of the enforcement of the Paris Agreement.

“There will be differences between countries during the stock-take [and] Cop28 should say how we can close the gap,” said Mr La Camera.

Watch: Air taxis to take over Dubai skies in three years

Updated: February 13, 2023, 11:52 AM
EDITOR'S PICKS

According to Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock, Germany recently achieved a record with 66% of its electricity coming from renewable sources.

The government is making substantial investments in renewables and maintaining its target of exiting coal- and gas-based power generation by 2030.

### 2.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
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Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
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BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Addressing Long-Term Nuclear Waste Concerns
Germany has been actively working to address the long-term challenge of nuclear waste disposal.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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In 2017, the country began searching for a safe storage site for high-level radioactive waste, with plans to complete this process by 2031.

The phase-out eliminates the need for additional waste storage solutions.

### 3.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Public Support and Political Consensus (Initially)
The nuclear phase-out reflected strong public sentiment in Germany, where anti-nuclear movements have been particularly powerful compared to other nations.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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The policy initially enjoyed broad cross-party support and aligned with Germany's environmental credentials.

Title:

Content: Arguments of the Week Society → Nature 13 +
In 2022, Germany will get rid of all remaining nuclear power plants
, 15: 26
For Germany, which has abandoned nuclear power plants, only gas can provide minimal emissions, reasonable prices and growing energy consumption.
But at the same time, the Nord Stream 2 project is seriously stalled.
Despite the fact that EU policy does not exclude the use of nuclear power plants, Germany considers nuclear energy dangerous and opposes the EU ’ s plan to leave nuclear power plants in the region.
By the end of this year, Germany will shut down all its nuclear power plants, and by 2030 it will abandon coal.
This was stated by the representative of the German government S. Hebstrait.
This is reported by TK "High Voltage".
The government believes that it is necessary to develop alternative energy sources, including hydrogen, so that they replace gas as soon as possible.
The enthusiasm and perseverance with which the Greens in Germany are pushing their climate program would probably be enough to turn the Siberian rivers.
But many note that there is no economic justification for this, and it will be pure voluntarism in general, if you quarrel with Russia.
However, there are those who consider the course chosen by Germany to be a dead end in any case.
Once - after the accident at the Japanese nuclear power plant Fukushima - Angela Merkel emotionally shut down six nuclear power plants in the country.
The closure of three of the six German nuclear power plants that operated until the beginning of 2022 is a pure winning ideology.
The new government of Germany makes it clear that it will spend the next four years to make the green revolution (some say “adventure ”) irreversible, Izvestia writes.
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## Disadvantages of Germany's Nuclear Phase-Out

### 1.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

Catch all the Business News, Market News, Breaking News Events and Latest News Updates on Live Mint. Download The Mint News App to get Daily Market Updates.
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Title:

Content: The current energy crisis, nuclear power generation is back in favor of countries
PARIS (AFP) - As global energy import bills skyrocket and the climate crisis rages, countries around the world are struggling to find alternative sources of energy, and their preference for nuclear power is rising.
Advertisement
After Japan ’ s Fukushima disaster in 2011, countries scaled back investment in nuclear power amid concerns about nuclear safety, but after Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine in February, there was a renewed trend toward nuclear power as energy supplies tightened and Europe struggled to move away from its dependence on Russian oil and gas.
Some experts argued that nuclear power should not be included in the options under consideration; others argued that in the face of so many crises, the world's energy mix must retain nuclear power.
One of the countries that is reconsidering the use of nuclear power is Japan, which shut down many nuclear reactors due to safety concerns following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
But Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida this week called for efforts to revive nuclear power generation and build new nuclear power plants.
Other countries that had intended to move away from nuclear power have also abandoned such plans, at least in the short term.
For example, within a month of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Belgium postponed the implementation of its 2025 plan to abolish nuclear energy for 10 years.
Although nuclear power currently accounts for only 10% of the world ’ s electricity generation, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raised its forecast for nuclear power production in September, the first time since the Fukushima disaster.
The International Atomic Energy Agency now expects global nuclear power generation to double by 2050, in the best case scenario.
Even in Germany, Europe ’ s largest economy, nuclear power is no longer a taboo topic, as the current energy crisis has reignited debate over plans to close its last three plants by 2022.
As nuclear power can replace coal-fired power generation, China, the Czech Republic, India and Poland have all expressed interest in developing nuclear infrastructure, with China now having the largest number of reactors.
Britain, France and the Netherlands have similar ideas; even US President Joe Biden ’ s proposed investment plan encourages the development of nuclear power.
Experts at the UN ’ s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledge that the use of nuclear energy “may be limited by social preferences ” because the risks of a nuclear disaster and the issue of how to safely dispose of nuclear waste remain unresolved.
But some countries still oppose the use of nuclear power, such as New Zealand, and the European Union has hotly debated whether nuclear power can be considered a green energy source.

Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Increased Reliance on Fossil Fuels
Without nuclear power, Germany has had to increase its reliance on other energy sources, particularly natural gas and coal.

According to the documents, Germany has already reactivated some large coal-fired power plants to address potential shortages, undermining its climate goals.

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At the recent climate summit in Glasgow, Scotland, European countries claimed the need to adopt the term "phase out" of coal, while other countries, including India, insisted on the term "phase down", and finally adopted the direction of "cut" in the hope that the next climate summit hosted by the Egyptian city of Sharm el-Sheikh next month will push towards "phase out". Perhaps they will be more committed to it during the next summit.
The lack of Russian gas supplies to Europe on the back of a political stance against Russia ’ s intervention in Ukraine has forced some of the continent ’ s countries that had ditched coal to reuse it for power generation, a trend that observers described as a “climate setback ” ahead of the COP27 summit.
In recent months, Europe has seen coal-fired power plants restart at a time when there has been a significant trend in Europe towards the final phase-out of coal, which will undoubtedly have repercussions at the upcoming climate summit in Sharm el-Sheikh.
Hassan Abulnaga, executive director of the Arab Network for Sustainable Development, told Asharq Al-Awsat: “I expect that the countries of Europe will be keen not to commit to anything towards getting rid of coal, as they sought at the previous summit, because no one knows when the Russian-Ukrainian war will end, and therefore its repercussions on the European energy crisis will end. ”
The International Energy Agency (IEA) expects global natural gas markets to remain tight until 2023, with Russian supplies to Europe cut, according to its latest gas market report issued on October 3, and therefore “European countries will be keen not to commit to anything during the upcoming climate summit, ” says Aboulnaga.
“We hope that this is not an ongoing approach, because of the temptations of coal as cheap energy, but in turn it is destructive to the environment and exacerbates the climate change that this summer has clearly been fueled by an unprecedented rise in temperatures and a drought not seen in Europe for a long time. ”
Germany, one of the countries most affected by the shortage of Russian gas supplies, said that in order to reduce gas consumption, "coal-fired power plants will have to be used more."
But the German government also said in a June 20 statement that it “remains committed to phasing out coal by 2030. ”
What the German government has pointed out is what makes some experts optimistic, despite the bleak picture, that the return of coal may be a temporary measure until the crisis is overcome, and the solution that Europe plans to secure the energy of the future by investing in renewable energy.
Khaled Khalaf, a professor of environmental sciences at Assiut University in southern Egypt, told Asharq Al-Awsat: “I do not imagine that Europe will abandon its success in the field of renewable energy, but the current crisis is an existential crisis, and it must look for temporary solutions. ”
International reports indicate that Europe has succeeded in reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 22 per cent compared to 1990 levels, due to investment in solar and wind energy, but the current energy crisis may push European countries towards more investment in this area, but after the current crisis is overcome, as Khalaf expects.
For his part, Majdi Allam, Secretary General of the Union of Arab Environmental Experts, explains that Europe is not expanding in the field of renewable energy, because their weather conditions do not allow it, as renewable energy needs permanent solar brightness and wind blowing.
Allam told Asharq Al-Awsat that the alternative solution in his opinion to ensure energy security is to go to the production of electricity using nuclear energy, pointing out that he sees no justification for the panic of this important source of energy, claiming fear of the accidents of the collapse of nuclear power plants.
“These incidents have only happened twice, in the Fukushima and Chernobyl disasters, and this is no reason to shy away from this important source of energy, which is more practical than renewable energy. ”
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Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

This represents a significant step backward in emissions reduction efforts.

### 2.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
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Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
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BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Energy Security Vulnerabilities
Germany's nuclear phase-out increased its dependence on imported natural gas, particularly from Russia.

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Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
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Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Content: Sunday 26 November 1443 AH - 26 June 2022 |
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Grim scenarios.
Putin pushes German economy to the brink of collapse
German authorities have taken emergency measures, including increasing the use of coal to secure its energy needs amid declining volumes from Russia.
For some time now, German authorities have been concerned about the cessation of industrial furnaces due to the scarcity of energy resources following the Russian war on Ukraine.
For decades, these furnaces have been operating without interruption, “but if they suddenly cool, the molten material will harden and break the entire system, a concern that engulfs Europe ’ s largest economy. ”
After President Vladimir Putin cut energy flows to Europe by 60%, German experts and the administration of Chancellor Olaf Schulz this week looked as if they were waiting for bleak scenarios for the coming winter.
Klaus Müller, who heads the German federal network BNetzA, said Friday in an interview with Deutschland Funk radio: “If we had a very cold winter, it wouldn ’ t be pretty. ”
Ovens need 75% of their natural gas consumption to prevent the molten glass inside from overrunning and destroying the furnace.
For decades, Germany has thrived on cheap gas prices, and the response to the economy ’ s growing needs has often been the construction of a new pipeline to Russia.
But this era is now, and German companies are beginning to face a new and unusual reality.
Quick Solutions
There will be quick fixes, such as reviving polluting coal plants and converting fuel into industrial processes, despite their risks, because the transition to affordable renewable energy will take years.
Companies that manufacture metal, paper and even food may be forced to scale back or close German production sites, accelerating the ongoing mass migration of manufacturing jobs and leaving lasting damage to the country ’ s economic landscape.
Wolfgang Han, managing director of Energy Consulting Group GmbH, said: “Companies will move production to where there is a competitive line, and this will not be in Germany. ”
“You can ’ t correct 20 years of policy mistakes in two or three years. ”
The latest figures show it will take 115 days to reach the government ’ s target of filling gas reserves to 90% by November.
This timeframe assumes that flows remain at the current level, which is unlikely given the Kremlin ’ s increasingly aggressive stance toward Europe in response to sanctions imposed by Russia ’ s war in Ukraine.
The energy crisis
Gas storage levels in Germany are still below 60% of its capacity.
In response to the bleak outlook, Germany, which still depends on Russia for more than a third of its gas supplies, raised its threat level to the second-highest “alarm ” stage on Thursday.
If the pressure intensifies, Germany could start rationing supplies, the Bloomberg report confirms.
The moment of truth is likely to come next month when Nord Stream pipeline pumping for scheduled maintenance drops, as Germany fears pumping will never return.
German Vice Chancellor Robert Habeck said Thursday in an interview with public broadcaster ZDF in particular: “I ’ ll have to lie if I say I ’ m not afraid of it. ”
If energy suppliers continue to pile up losses by forcing them to cover lost Russian supplies at high prices, there is a risk of a wider collapse.
Uniper SE, Germany ’ s largest importer of Russian gas, has warned it could struggle to meet supply contracts to domestic utilities and manufacturers if Moscow lengthens or increases gas cuts.
The crisis has already spread far beyond Germany, where 12 EU member states have been affected and 10 countries have issued an early warning under the gas security regulation.
Rising European demand for LNG will also affect poorer countries around the world as they struggle to compete for shipments.
Estonian President Kaja Kalas, speaking at an EU summit in Brussels on Friday, said “we are concerned ” that Russia will cut off gas supplies to Europe.
“We need to be ready for an energy mix.
Different, unified LNG purchases and doing these things together. ”
Scope of risk
German economic institutes warned in April that an immediate halt to Russian imports of oil and natural gas would result in production being hit by 220 billion euros over the next two years.
Stefan Kothes, an economist at the Kiel Institute for World Economics, said that while it may be more moderate now with high storage levels, predicting the outcome of an unprecedented situation is difficult.
The Bundesbank estimates that the national economy will contract by more than 3% in 2023 if Russian energy supplies stop.
This would be the worst recession outside the recessions triggered by the coronavirus pandemic and the global financial crisis.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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New firstOld firstFirst
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On-line
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Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

The documents highlight that Germany became increasingly reliant on Russian gas through pipelines like Nord Stream 2, which was designed to double Russian gas supplies to Germany while bypassing Ukraine and Poland.

Title:

Content: Oil and Gas
European energy security between the hammer of logos and the anvil of demand
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Issam bin Abdulaziz Al-Ammar
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The Russian-Ukrainian crisis has been raging since February 2022 and the world is facing security challenges and dire economic responsibilities in the form of energy, food and others. The crisis has been exacerbated by the imposition of economic, financial and trade sanctions on Russia and the lack of clarity of the end of the war, which put most countries to a real test.
In 2021, 155 billion cubic meters of Russian gas were piped to the EU, accounting for about 40 percent of the bloc ’ s total gas supply, but the outage will lead to an energy crisis in EU countries this winter, and river and reservoir levels are also low due to widespread drought affecting hydropower and nuclear production, putting further pressure on European energy security.
Some European countries ’ pledges to climate change are already crumbling, leading them to abandon climate commitments: coal power plants have been restarted, forests have been cut, new pipelines have been built to prevent power outages, and some policies have been rolled back to deal with the crisis, potentially jeopardizing the EU ’ s commitment to achieving carbon neutrality by 2050.
Security and risk management are being discussed in the media, but finding an immediate alternative will be costly and burdensome for the economies of these countries, because the event is surprising, as European politicians say, or because energy security is poorly prepared and managed.
The failure to manage energy security and risk well will lead to higher energy prices for the final consumer, and the EU countries have had to make costly decisions during the crisis, and if risk management is studied and prepared well, the time factor and the list of options will be available to think and get out of any crisis.
With Russia cutting natural gas supplies and the Nord Stream pipeline exploding, EU countries have considered burning more coal to secure energy supplies.
Russian energy giant Gazprom has halted supplies to several EU countries for refusing to pay for gas in rubles, including Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Finland and the Netherlands, and Germany, the Czech Republic, Italy, Austria and Slovakia have also faced a sharp decline in gas volumes.
EU countries have been redirected towards LNG imports, but concerns about the impact of these measures on climate policies and international commitments remain.
Germany and Austria have announced emergency measures to deal with declining Russian gas flows, including the potential use of coal-fired power plants.
The UK has agreed to extend the life of coal-fired power plants over the winter while raising its marine renewable energy targets.
The UK Energy Security Strategy is also committed to increasing clean energy projects, with investments in offshore wind, hydrogen and solar projects, proposing the construction of new nuclear reactors, the extraction of more oil and gas in the North Sea and an immediate review of oil cracking systems that were banned in 2019.
However, the UK government ’ s proposals did not provide any regulatory orientations to reduce energy demand, for example by raising energy efficiency and insulating buildings.
Since the founding of the European Union, the European Commission has wanted to accelerate the clean energy transition by reducing fossil energy requirements and using new energy sources that have become a slogan used in conferences and forums around the world, and now a real challenge to replace Russian gas.
These include the creation of more solar and heat pump projects as well as the acceleration of wind power projects and the improvement of network infrastructure, and proposals include energy savings through improved energy efficiency in the residential, commercial and industrial sectors.
I wonder why the EU hasn ’ t done this before.
Is energy security and risk management well prepared?
Will we ever see the green card again?
Or is it "the Attar does not fix what spoiled the age", or was the event as sudden as it is broadcast to the public and silencing the angry European public after energy prices rose so high that some shops closed and lived on candles ushered in a new stone age.
Policymakers are urged not to overlook environmental concerns when making decisions about Europe ’ s energy future, because coal is one of the biggest contributors to climate change, and extending the life of Europe ’ s coal-fired power plants is likely to increase the carbon footprint in the short term and may be longer.
The results of securing new quantities of gas to Europe show that it is difficult for its countries to achieve their emission reduction targets, and that what has been done is really research the global gas market.
Gas has become the right choice, both dry and liquefied, but if it can ’ t be obtained for geopolitical or economic reasons, coal will be the economically viable option.
Didn ’ t the EU raise environmental and climate change slogans in advance and call on the world to stop using coal?
Or is yesterday ’ s enemy today ’ s friend?
The demand for electricity is the master of the situation, and the American theater is far from them.
* Quoted from Economic Journal
Disclaimer: All published articles represent the opinion of their authors only.
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Content: Sunday 26 November 1443 AH - 26 June 2022 |
Programs
Watch our latest episodes online
Grim scenarios.
Putin pushes German economy to the brink of collapse
German authorities have taken emergency measures, including increasing the use of coal to secure its energy needs amid declining volumes from Russia.
For some time now, German authorities have been concerned about the cessation of industrial furnaces due to the scarcity of energy resources following the Russian war on Ukraine.
For decades, these furnaces have been operating without interruption, “but if they suddenly cool, the molten material will harden and break the entire system, a concern that engulfs Europe ’ s largest economy. ”
After President Vladimir Putin cut energy flows to Europe by 60%, German experts and the administration of Chancellor Olaf Schulz this week looked as if they were waiting for bleak scenarios for the coming winter.
Klaus Müller, who heads the German federal network BNetzA, said Friday in an interview with Deutschland Funk radio: “If we had a very cold winter, it wouldn ’ t be pretty. ”
Ovens need 75% of their natural gas consumption to prevent the molten glass inside from overrunning and destroying the furnace.
For decades, Germany has thrived on cheap gas prices, and the response to the economy ’ s growing needs has often been the construction of a new pipeline to Russia.
But this era is now, and German companies are beginning to face a new and unusual reality.
Quick Solutions
There will be quick fixes, such as reviving polluting coal plants and converting fuel into industrial processes, despite their risks, because the transition to affordable renewable energy will take years.
Companies that manufacture metal, paper and even food may be forced to scale back or close German production sites, accelerating the ongoing mass migration of manufacturing jobs and leaving lasting damage to the country ’ s economic landscape.
Wolfgang Han, managing director of Energy Consulting Group GmbH, said: “Companies will move production to where there is a competitive line, and this will not be in Germany. ”
“You can ’ t correct 20 years of policy mistakes in two or three years. ”
The latest figures show it will take 115 days to reach the government ’ s target of filling gas reserves to 90% by November.
This timeframe assumes that flows remain at the current level, which is unlikely given the Kremlin ’ s increasingly aggressive stance toward Europe in response to sanctions imposed by Russia ’ s war in Ukraine.
The energy crisis
Gas storage levels in Germany are still below 60% of its capacity.
In response to the bleak outlook, Germany, which still depends on Russia for more than a third of its gas supplies, raised its threat level to the second-highest “alarm ” stage on Thursday.
If the pressure intensifies, Germany could start rationing supplies, the Bloomberg report confirms.
The moment of truth is likely to come next month when Nord Stream pipeline pumping for scheduled maintenance drops, as Germany fears pumping will never return.
German Vice Chancellor Robert Habeck said Thursday in an interview with public broadcaster ZDF in particular: “I ’ ll have to lie if I say I ’ m not afraid of it. ”
If energy suppliers continue to pile up losses by forcing them to cover lost Russian supplies at high prices, there is a risk of a wider collapse.
Uniper SE, Germany ’ s largest importer of Russian gas, has warned it could struggle to meet supply contracts to domestic utilities and manufacturers if Moscow lengthens or increases gas cuts.
The crisis has already spread far beyond Germany, where 12 EU member states have been affected and 10 countries have issued an early warning under the gas security regulation.
Rising European demand for LNG will also affect poorer countries around the world as they struggle to compete for shipments.
Estonian President Kaja Kalas, speaking at an EU summit in Brussels on Friday, said “we are concerned ” that Russia will cut off gas supplies to Europe.
“We need to be ready for an energy mix.
Different, unified LNG purchases and doing these things together. ”
Scope of risk
German economic institutes warned in April that an immediate halt to Russian imports of oil and natural gas would result in production being hit by 220 billion euros over the next two years.
Stefan Kothes, an economist at the Kiel Institute for World Economics, said that while it may be more moderate now with high storage levels, predicting the outcome of an unprecedented situation is difficult.
The Bundesbank estimates that the national economy will contract by more than 3% in 2023 if Russian energy supplies stop.
This would be the worst recession outside the recessions triggered by the coronavirus pandemic and the global financial crisis.

This dependence has become a critical vulnerability since the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Title:

Content: Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
I'm sorry.
Mohamad Elbaz
Editor-in-Chief
Wael Lotfy
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
I'm sorry.
Mohamad Elbaz
Editor-in-Chief
Wael Lotfy
« Renewable energy solutions and the future of the global crisis » in the book fair.. and experts: started since 2010
As part of the activities of the 45th Cairo International Book Fair, a local and regional partnership hall held a seminar entitled "Renewable Energy Solutions and the Future of the Global Energy Crisis" in the presence of Eng. Ahmed Sultan, Mr. Hamdi Abdel Aziz, Omar El Husseini, and Raghad El Bahi management.
Ahmed Sultan, deputy chairman of the Energy Committee of the Engineers Syndicate in Cairo, said that the energy crisis suffered by the world, especially the European continent, is not the result of the moment, and the Russian-Ukrainian war was not the main cause, noting that the crisis began in 2010, as the volume of investment in fossil fuels, witnessed a sharp decline, by more than 50%, in addition to the political tensions that occurred during the year.
He added that the Coronavirus pandemic, when it hit the world, affected demand levels rather than supply levels, while the Russian-Ukrainian war affected oil supply, supply levels and the movement of the oil market.
He pointed out that Europe was affected by the energy crisis, when the decision makers decided to rely on one source of natural gas, Russia; when the war came, a defect occurred in the European energy system, and served as a warning bell to the world to the need to diversify energy sources, and not rely on only one source.
For his part, Omar El Husseini, a researcher at the Egyptian Center for Strategic Studies and a lecturer in environmental engineering at Coventry University, said that the European energy sector suffers from structural problems that began before the war, adding that reducing investments in fossil fuel sources and reducing reliance on nuclear energy negatively affected the energy mix in the old continent.
He pointed out that the solutions developed by European governments in the short term, from subsidizing energy bills or increasing inventories and relying on different sources of supply, will not address the causes and are not a long-term solution.
For his part, researcher Ahmed Bayoumi at the Egyptian Center for Strategic Studies and director of investment in private equity at Banque Misr, stressed that climate change has become an inevitable reality that must be dealt with, pointing out that the current energy crisis clearly shows the extent of the world ’ s dependence on fossil fuels.
He pointed out that the improvement of energy policies is closely linked to the improvement of climate policies, noting the danger of ignoring climate issues to account for economic crises, as climate change is one of the main causes of worsening food insecurity in the future.

### 3.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
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Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
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BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Economic Costs and Energy Prices
The transition away from nuclear has come with significant economic costs.

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Replacing reliable, existing nuclear capacity requires substantial investment in alternative energy sources and grid infrastructure.

Title:

Content: Energy policies after the Russo-Ukrainian War
The consequences of the Russian invasion of Ukraine continue.
As the war drags on, new negative effects begin to unfold in various sectors, including the energy sector.
It may seem like less talk about energy than about the food crisis, for example.
But talking about energy policies is a conversation that matters to the average citizen before governments.
Energy in the life of the average citizen means the availability of materials for the work of private cars and public transport, means the availability of electricity in homes and at work, and means the availability of gas and petroleum materials for the management of productive factories.
The daily life of the average citizen depends mainly on the availability of energy to sustain it.
Unfortunately, most of the energy used in the world today is energy based on coal, oil and gas (fossil energy) and reliance on renewable energy is the exception in most countries of the world.
Therefore, the energy policy debate should not be confined to big companies, politicians and researchers, but should also extend to citizens, because the negative effects of the current war on energy will not only affect governments or the rich, but may extend to your daily life.
Researchers specializing in energy policies say that energy policies work mainly to achieve three main objectives that represent the heads of a triangle, these three objectives are called the "Energy Policy Trilogy":
First Objective: Insurance
It means having a permanent capacity to secure the energy supply of nations and individuals in different circumstances.
Working to secure energy supplies includes working to secure these supplies in the short term as well as in the long term.
In the short term, there must be policies that save energy even in times of crisis, strikes or exceptional circumstances.
For energy policy makers, the key question for achieving this goal is how can we secure energy supplies in the short term and in the long term?
Second Objective: Sustainability
It means having the potential to provide sources of energy that do not threaten future life on the planet.
Unfortunately, most of the energy used in the world today is energy based on coal, oil and gas (fossil energy).
Renewable energy is the exception in most countries of the world.
This dependence on fossil energy sources clearly contributes to changing the environment on the planet and accelerating climate change.
Complaining about widespread desertification, floods, hurricanes and extreme heat waves are all side effects of climate change, whose negative effects are accelerated by the large use of fossil energy.
For these reasons, energy policy makers are trying to find renewable sources of energy that are sustainable.
The question they face in order to achieve this goal is: How can we obtain alternative energy sources that make life on the planet safer and more sustainable?
Objective 3: Appropriate costs
Access to energy by states or individuals must be done at reasonable prices.
Because of the high dependence on energy and the use of large amounts of it by countries and individuals, price is a key factor in determining the extent of energy use and access to large sectors.
The more energy is available at cheap prices, the more it reaches wider sectors, which means more productivity and better quality of life.
The opposite is also true.
So policymakers are looking to answer the question of how can we get cheaper sources of energy?
If insurance, sustainability and appropriate prices are the goals that energy policymakers seek to achieve, achieving these three goals faces a major dilemma.
The dilemma is that the policies adopted by countries often cannot achieve these three goals at the same time.
So governments are working to focus on one or two of these goals while ignoring the rest.
Because of these preferences and biases when choosing targets, the debate on energy policies should include listening to the preferences and choices of broad segments of citizens because any bias towards one of the heads of the triangle at the expense of the other two will have a cost and negative consequences for broad segments of citizens.
Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine has significantly complicated these options to become part of public debate in much of the world.
For example, in the face of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, EU countries should take one of two paths:
either focus more on sustainability by investing in renewable energy to replace non - renewable sources of energy.
In this case, these countries can achieve the goal of sustainability, but they will likely face a shortage of supplies during the coming winter months, and the prices of this renewable energy will not be suitable for all social levels.
It could either focus on reusing coal or restarting nuclear power plants to make up for the shortfall in Russian gas supplies.
In this case, European countries will provide energy at prices that are not high, but this will be at the expense of the negative effects that this decision will have on the environment and climate change, and this option is ultimately unsustainable.
In order to get closer to the picture and know the consequences of such decisions, it must be remembered that any of these paths means millions of money will be spent on its implementation, and it means that we will continue to adopt it for long periods to come.
For example, if countries decided to rely on non-renewable sources of energy production, the money that would have gone to renewable energy research and construction projects would go to building gas lines and supporting investments in the gas and nuclear sectors.
The decision to build such lines or reactivate nuclear reactors means that these countries will continue to use these means for at least the next 10 years.
The money spent on this route can not be left behind or compensated after two or three years.
Some believe that the Gulf states benefit greatly from higher oil prices because they provide additional financial resources.
It has an interest in prolonging the war.
But the real interest of oil and gas exporting countries is to stabilize their prices within appropriate limits for importing and exporting countries.
Higher oil prices are pushing the global economy to slow down, meaning that future demand for oil will decline.
While a reasonable price per barrel is suitable for importing countries and profitable for exporting countries, it is what contributes to the balance in the energy market.

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

The loss of low-cost nuclear power has contributed to higher energy prices for consumers and industries.

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

### 4.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Grid Stability Challenges
Nuclear power provides consistent, baseload electricity that helps stabilize the grid.

Its removal creates challenges for maintaining grid stability, particularly during periods of low renewable energy generation or high demand.

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

## Impact of the Russian-Ukrainian War on Germany's Energy Supply

The Russian invasion of Ukraine has dramatically exposed the vulnerabilities in Germany's energy strategy:

### 1.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Title:

Content: Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
I'm sorry.
Mohamad Elbaz
Editor-in-Chief
Wael Lotfy
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
I'm sorry.
Mohamad Elbaz
Editor-in-Chief
Wael Lotfy
« Renewable energy solutions and the future of the global crisis » in the book fair.. and experts: started since 2010
As part of the activities of the 45th Cairo International Book Fair, a local and regional partnership hall held a seminar entitled "Renewable Energy Solutions and the Future of the Global Energy Crisis" in the presence of Eng. Ahmed Sultan, Mr. Hamdi Abdel Aziz, Omar El Husseini, and Raghad El Bahi management.
Ahmed Sultan, deputy chairman of the Energy Committee of the Engineers Syndicate in Cairo, said that the energy crisis suffered by the world, especially the European continent, is not the result of the moment, and the Russian-Ukrainian war was not the main cause, noting that the crisis began in 2010, as the volume of investment in fossil fuels, witnessed a sharp decline, by more than 50%, in addition to the political tensions that occurred during the year.
He added that the Coronavirus pandemic, when it hit the world, affected demand levels rather than supply levels, while the Russian-Ukrainian war affected oil supply, supply levels and the movement of the oil market.
He pointed out that Europe was affected by the energy crisis, when the decision makers decided to rely on one source of natural gas, Russia; when the war came, a defect occurred in the European energy system, and served as a warning bell to the world to the need to diversify energy sources, and not rely on only one source.
For his part, Omar El Husseini, a researcher at the Egyptian Center for Strategic Studies and a lecturer in environmental engineering at Coventry University, said that the European energy sector suffers from structural problems that began before the war, adding that reducing investments in fossil fuel sources and reducing reliance on nuclear energy negatively affected the energy mix in the old continent.
He pointed out that the solutions developed by European governments in the short term, from subsidizing energy bills or increasing inventories and relying on different sources of supply, will not address the causes and are not a long-term solution.
For his part, researcher Ahmed Bayoumi at the Egyptian Center for Strategic Studies and director of investment in private equity at Banque Misr, stressed that climate change has become an inevitable reality that must be dealt with, pointing out that the current energy crisis clearly shows the extent of the world ’ s dependence on fossil fuels.
He pointed out that the improvement of energy policies is closely linked to the improvement of climate policies, noting the danger of ignoring climate issues to account for economic crises, as climate change is one of the main causes of worsening food insecurity in the future.

Title:

Content: Sunday 26 November 1443 AH - 26 June 2022 |
Programs
Watch our latest episodes online
Grim scenarios.
Putin pushes German economy to the brink of collapse
German authorities have taken emergency measures, including increasing the use of coal to secure its energy needs amid declining volumes from Russia.
For some time now, German authorities have been concerned about the cessation of industrial furnaces due to the scarcity of energy resources following the Russian war on Ukraine.
For decades, these furnaces have been operating without interruption, “but if they suddenly cool, the molten material will harden and break the entire system, a concern that engulfs Europe ’ s largest economy. ”
After President Vladimir Putin cut energy flows to Europe by 60%, German experts and the administration of Chancellor Olaf Schulz this week looked as if they were waiting for bleak scenarios for the coming winter.
Klaus Müller, who heads the German federal network BNetzA, said Friday in an interview with Deutschland Funk radio: “If we had a very cold winter, it wouldn ’ t be pretty. ”
Ovens need 75% of their natural gas consumption to prevent the molten glass inside from overrunning and destroying the furnace.
For decades, Germany has thrived on cheap gas prices, and the response to the economy ’ s growing needs has often been the construction of a new pipeline to Russia.
But this era is now, and German companies are beginning to face a new and unusual reality.
Quick Solutions
There will be quick fixes, such as reviving polluting coal plants and converting fuel into industrial processes, despite their risks, because the transition to affordable renewable energy will take years.
Companies that manufacture metal, paper and even food may be forced to scale back or close German production sites, accelerating the ongoing mass migration of manufacturing jobs and leaving lasting damage to the country ’ s economic landscape.
Wolfgang Han, managing director of Energy Consulting Group GmbH, said: “Companies will move production to where there is a competitive line, and this will not be in Germany. ”
“You can ’ t correct 20 years of policy mistakes in two or three years. ”
The latest figures show it will take 115 days to reach the government ’ s target of filling gas reserves to 90% by November.
This timeframe assumes that flows remain at the current level, which is unlikely given the Kremlin ’ s increasingly aggressive stance toward Europe in response to sanctions imposed by Russia ’ s war in Ukraine.
The energy crisis
Gas storage levels in Germany are still below 60% of its capacity.
In response to the bleak outlook, Germany, which still depends on Russia for more than a third of its gas supplies, raised its threat level to the second-highest “alarm ” stage on Thursday.
If the pressure intensifies, Germany could start rationing supplies, the Bloomberg report confirms.
The moment of truth is likely to come next month when Nord Stream pipeline pumping for scheduled maintenance drops, as Germany fears pumping will never return.
German Vice Chancellor Robert Habeck said Thursday in an interview with public broadcaster ZDF in particular: “I ’ ll have to lie if I say I ’ m not afraid of it. ”
If energy suppliers continue to pile up losses by forcing them to cover lost Russian supplies at high prices, there is a risk of a wider collapse.
Uniper SE, Germany ’ s largest importer of Russian gas, has warned it could struggle to meet supply contracts to domestic utilities and manufacturers if Moscow lengthens or increases gas cuts.
The crisis has already spread far beyond Germany, where 12 EU member states have been affected and 10 countries have issued an early warning under the gas security regulation.
Rising European demand for LNG will also affect poorer countries around the world as they struggle to compete for shipments.
Estonian President Kaja Kalas, speaking at an EU summit in Brussels on Friday, said “we are concerned ” that Russia will cut off gas supplies to Europe.
“We need to be ready for an energy mix.
Different, unified LNG purchases and doing these things together. ”
Scope of risk
German economic institutes warned in April that an immediate halt to Russian imports of oil and natural gas would result in production being hit by 220 billion euros over the next two years.
Stefan Kothes, an economist at the Kiel Institute for World Economics, said that while it may be more moderate now with high storage levels, predicting the outcome of an unprecedented situation is difficult.
The Bundesbank estimates that the national economy will contract by more than 3% in 2023 if Russian energy supplies stop.
This would be the worst recession outside the recessions triggered by the coronavirus pandemic and the global financial crisis.

Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

Energy Supply Crisis
The war has disrupted energy markets and created supply constraints, particularly for natural gas.

Title:

Content: Sunday 26 November 1443 AH - 26 June 2022 |
Programs
Watch our latest episodes online
Grim scenarios.
Putin pushes German economy to the brink of collapse
German authorities have taken emergency measures, including increasing the use of coal to secure its energy needs amid declining volumes from Russia.
For some time now, German authorities have been concerned about the cessation of industrial furnaces due to the scarcity of energy resources following the Russian war on Ukraine.
For decades, these furnaces have been operating without interruption, “but if they suddenly cool, the molten material will harden and break the entire system, a concern that engulfs Europe ’ s largest economy. ”
After President Vladimir Putin cut energy flows to Europe by 60%, German experts and the administration of Chancellor Olaf Schulz this week looked as if they were waiting for bleak scenarios for the coming winter.
Klaus Müller, who heads the German federal network BNetzA, said Friday in an interview with Deutschland Funk radio: “If we had a very cold winter, it wouldn ’ t be pretty. ”
Ovens need 75% of their natural gas consumption to prevent the molten glass inside from overrunning and destroying the furnace.
For decades, Germany has thrived on cheap gas prices, and the response to the economy ’ s growing needs has often been the construction of a new pipeline to Russia.
But this era is now, and German companies are beginning to face a new and unusual reality.
Quick Solutions
There will be quick fixes, such as reviving polluting coal plants and converting fuel into industrial processes, despite their risks, because the transition to affordable renewable energy will take years.
Companies that manufacture metal, paper and even food may be forced to scale back or close German production sites, accelerating the ongoing mass migration of manufacturing jobs and leaving lasting damage to the country ’ s economic landscape.
Wolfgang Han, managing director of Energy Consulting Group GmbH, said: “Companies will move production to where there is a competitive line, and this will not be in Germany. ”
“You can ’ t correct 20 years of policy mistakes in two or three years. ”
The latest figures show it will take 115 days to reach the government ’ s target of filling gas reserves to 90% by November.
This timeframe assumes that flows remain at the current level, which is unlikely given the Kremlin ’ s increasingly aggressive stance toward Europe in response to sanctions imposed by Russia ’ s war in Ukraine.
The energy crisis
Gas storage levels in Germany are still below 60% of its capacity.
In response to the bleak outlook, Germany, which still depends on Russia for more than a third of its gas supplies, raised its threat level to the second-highest “alarm ” stage on Thursday.
If the pressure intensifies, Germany could start rationing supplies, the Bloomberg report confirms.
The moment of truth is likely to come next month when Nord Stream pipeline pumping for scheduled maintenance drops, as Germany fears pumping will never return.
German Vice Chancellor Robert Habeck said Thursday in an interview with public broadcaster ZDF in particular: “I ’ ll have to lie if I say I ’ m not afraid of it. ”
If energy suppliers continue to pile up losses by forcing them to cover lost Russian supplies at high prices, there is a risk of a wider collapse.
Uniper SE, Germany ’ s largest importer of Russian gas, has warned it could struggle to meet supply contracts to domestic utilities and manufacturers if Moscow lengthens or increases gas cuts.
The crisis has already spread far beyond Germany, where 12 EU member states have been affected and 10 countries have issued an early warning under the gas security regulation.
Rising European demand for LNG will also affect poorer countries around the world as they struggle to compete for shipments.
Estonian President Kaja Kalas, speaking at an EU summit in Brussels on Friday, said “we are concerned ” that Russia will cut off gas supplies to Europe.
“We need to be ready for an energy mix.
Different, unified LNG purchases and doing these things together. ”
Scope of risk
German economic institutes warned in April that an immediate halt to Russian imports of oil and natural gas would result in production being hit by 220 billion euros over the next two years.
Stefan Kothes, an economist at the Kiel Institute for World Economics, said that while it may be more moderate now with high storage levels, predicting the outcome of an unprecedented situation is difficult.
The Bundesbank estimates that the national economy will contract by more than 3% in 2023 if Russian energy supplies stop.
This would be the worst recession outside the recessions triggered by the coronavirus pandemic and the global financial crisis.

Title:

Content: Renewable energy infrastructure will take decades to develop, experts say

Oil and gas companies should be part of the discussion on climate change, according to panellists at the World Government Summit

Beta V.1.0 - Powered by automated translation

The world needs “short-term” solutions as the infrastructure for renewable energy will take decades to develop, industry experts have said.

“We don’t have the infrastructure that really makes it possible for renewables to grow at the speed and scale that is needed,” Francesco La Camera, director general of the Abu Dhabi-based International Renewable Energy Agency (Irena), said during a panel discussion at the World Government Summit.

“We are talking about physical infrastructure, the legal and policy infrastructure [as well as] the professional skills.”

The war in Ukraine has triggered a global energy crisis, marked by a shortage of fuel supplies and volatile prices.

Countries in Europe and elsewhere are now racing to develop renewable and natural gas projects as they seek to reduce their reliance on Russian fossil fuel exports.

“We're talking about the biggest investment programme ever in the energy industry, which is used to developing projects over decades,” Siemens Energy chief executive Christian Bruch told the panel.

Investment in low-carbon projects is expected to increase by $60 billion this year, 10 per cent higher than 2022, led by developments in the wind sector, as well as a “significant” rise in funding for hydrogen and carbon capture, according to Rystad Energy, a Norway-based energy consultancy.

About $131 trillion will have to be spent by 2050 to achieve a low-carbon energy transition that will limit global temperature rises to manageable levels, Irena said.

Mohamed Al Ramahi, chief executive of Abu Dhabi clean energy company Masdar, said the Ukraine war, which disrupted energy markets and global trade flows, had created new opportunities in the renewables sector.

The current crisis has “accelerated” the rate at which renewable energy permits are being issued in Europe, he said.

“Before the war, this was literally impossible … I see these challenges creating humongous opportunities,” Mr Al Ramahi said.

Last year, EU energy ministers agreed to outline a temporary framework to hasten the granting of permits and the development of renewable energy projects.

Masdar, which has Adnoc, Taqa and Mubadala Investment Company as its stakeholders, aims to grow its renewable energy capacity to at least 100 gigawatts by 2030 while boosting its green hydrogen production to one million tonnes over the next decade.

“Is it sufficient enough? And the simple answer to that is definitely not. We need 10 times our target capacity on an annual basis for the next decade [to meet global net-zero goals]” said Mr Al Ramahi.

However, the global energy transition is a “long and bumpy journey”, he said.

Oil and gas companies, which reported record profits last year on the back of higher energy prices, should be a part of the discussion on climate change, panellists said.

The global oil and gas industry's income jumped to about $4 trillion in 2022, from its recent average of $1.5 trillion, according to the International Energy Agency.

“Without that money, there won't be a transition because where's the money going to come from?” said Marco Dunand, chief executive of commodities trader Mercuria.

He also highlighted the need for more investment in new oil and gas projects after spending in the sector fell to historic lows during the Covid-19 pandemic.

“If you want to be in line with the Paris Agreement, you should be producing worldwide about 70 million barrels per day, but the demand [is expected] to be closer to 100 million bpd,” said Mr Dunand.

“There is no investment because there's so much uncertainty about the transition.”

The Cop28 summit — set to be held in the UAE this year — will offer a chance to take stock of the enforcement of the Paris Agreement.

“There will be differences between countries during the stock-take [and] Cop28 should say how we can close the gap,” said Mr La Camera.

Watch: Air taxis to take over Dubai skies in three years

Updated: February 13, 2023, 11:52 AM
EDITOR'S PICKS

Germany's heavy reliance on Russian gas has forced the country to urgently seek alternative suppliers and energy sources.

Title:

Content: Arguments of the Week Society → Nature 13 +
In 2022, Germany will get rid of all remaining nuclear power plants
, 15: 26
For Germany, which has abandoned nuclear power plants, only gas can provide minimal emissions, reasonable prices and growing energy consumption.
But at the same time, the Nord Stream 2 project is seriously stalled.
Despite the fact that EU policy does not exclude the use of nuclear power plants, Germany considers nuclear energy dangerous and opposes the EU ’ s plan to leave nuclear power plants in the region.
By the end of this year, Germany will shut down all its nuclear power plants, and by 2030 it will abandon coal.
This was stated by the representative of the German government S. Hebstrait.
This is reported by TK "High Voltage".
The government believes that it is necessary to develop alternative energy sources, including hydrogen, so that they replace gas as soon as possible.
The enthusiasm and perseverance with which the Greens in Germany are pushing their climate program would probably be enough to turn the Siberian rivers.
But many note that there is no economic justification for this, and it will be pure voluntarism in general, if you quarrel with Russia.
However, there are those who consider the course chosen by Germany to be a dead end in any case.
Once - after the accident at the Japanese nuclear power plant Fukushima - Angela Merkel emotionally shut down six nuclear power plants in the country.
The closure of three of the six German nuclear power plants that operated until the beginning of 2022 is a pure winning ideology.
The new government of Germany makes it clear that it will spend the next four years to make the green revolution (some say “adventure ”) irreversible, Izvestia writes.
Add AN to your sources so as not to miss important events - Yandex News
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Title:

Content: Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
I'm sorry.
Mohamad Elbaz
Editor-in-Chief
Wael Lotfy
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
I'm sorry.
Mohamad Elbaz
Editor-in-Chief
Wael Lotfy
« Renewable energy solutions and the future of the global crisis » in the book fair.. and experts: started since 2010
As part of the activities of the 45th Cairo International Book Fair, a local and regional partnership hall held a seminar entitled "Renewable Energy Solutions and the Future of the Global Energy Crisis" in the presence of Eng. Ahmed Sultan, Mr. Hamdi Abdel Aziz, Omar El Husseini, and Raghad El Bahi management.
Ahmed Sultan, deputy chairman of the Energy Committee of the Engineers Syndicate in Cairo, said that the energy crisis suffered by the world, especially the European continent, is not the result of the moment, and the Russian-Ukrainian war was not the main cause, noting that the crisis began in 2010, as the volume of investment in fossil fuels, witnessed a sharp decline, by more than 50%, in addition to the political tensions that occurred during the year.
He added that the Coronavirus pandemic, when it hit the world, affected demand levels rather than supply levels, while the Russian-Ukrainian war affected oil supply, supply levels and the movement of the oil market.
He pointed out that Europe was affected by the energy crisis, when the decision makers decided to rely on one source of natural gas, Russia; when the war came, a defect occurred in the European energy system, and served as a warning bell to the world to the need to diversify energy sources, and not rely on only one source.
For his part, Omar El Husseini, a researcher at the Egyptian Center for Strategic Studies and a lecturer in environmental engineering at Coventry University, said that the European energy sector suffers from structural problems that began before the war, adding that reducing investments in fossil fuel sources and reducing reliance on nuclear energy negatively affected the energy mix in the old continent.
He pointed out that the solutions developed by European governments in the short term, from subsidizing energy bills or increasing inventories and relying on different sources of supply, will not address the causes and are not a long-term solution.
For his part, researcher Ahmed Bayoumi at the Egyptian Center for Strategic Studies and director of investment in private equity at Banque Misr, stressed that climate change has become an inevitable reality that must be dealt with, pointing out that the current energy crisis clearly shows the extent of the world ’ s dependence on fossil fuels.
He pointed out that the improvement of energy policies is closely linked to the improvement of climate policies, noting the danger of ignoring climate issues to account for economic crises, as climate change is one of the main causes of worsening food insecurity in the future.

Title:

Content: Sunday 26 November 1443 AH - 26 June 2022 |
Programs
Watch our latest episodes online
Grim scenarios.
Putin pushes German economy to the brink of collapse
German authorities have taken emergency measures, including increasing the use of coal to secure its energy needs amid declining volumes from Russia.
For some time now, German authorities have been concerned about the cessation of industrial furnaces due to the scarcity of energy resources following the Russian war on Ukraine.
For decades, these furnaces have been operating without interruption, “but if they suddenly cool, the molten material will harden and break the entire system, a concern that engulfs Europe ’ s largest economy. ”
After President Vladimir Putin cut energy flows to Europe by 60%, German experts and the administration of Chancellor Olaf Schulz this week looked as if they were waiting for bleak scenarios for the coming winter.
Klaus Müller, who heads the German federal network BNetzA, said Friday in an interview with Deutschland Funk radio: “If we had a very cold winter, it wouldn ’ t be pretty. ”
Ovens need 75% of their natural gas consumption to prevent the molten glass inside from overrunning and destroying the furnace.
For decades, Germany has thrived on cheap gas prices, and the response to the economy ’ s growing needs has often been the construction of a new pipeline to Russia.
But this era is now, and German companies are beginning to face a new and unusual reality.
Quick Solutions
There will be quick fixes, such as reviving polluting coal plants and converting fuel into industrial processes, despite their risks, because the transition to affordable renewable energy will take years.
Companies that manufacture metal, paper and even food may be forced to scale back or close German production sites, accelerating the ongoing mass migration of manufacturing jobs and leaving lasting damage to the country ’ s economic landscape.
Wolfgang Han, managing director of Energy Consulting Group GmbH, said: “Companies will move production to where there is a competitive line, and this will not be in Germany. ”
“You can ’ t correct 20 years of policy mistakes in two or three years. ”
The latest figures show it will take 115 days to reach the government ’ s target of filling gas reserves to 90% by November.
This timeframe assumes that flows remain at the current level, which is unlikely given the Kremlin ’ s increasingly aggressive stance toward Europe in response to sanctions imposed by Russia ’ s war in Ukraine.
The energy crisis
Gas storage levels in Germany are still below 60% of its capacity.
In response to the bleak outlook, Germany, which still depends on Russia for more than a third of its gas supplies, raised its threat level to the second-highest “alarm ” stage on Thursday.
If the pressure intensifies, Germany could start rationing supplies, the Bloomberg report confirms.
The moment of truth is likely to come next month when Nord Stream pipeline pumping for scheduled maintenance drops, as Germany fears pumping will never return.
German Vice Chancellor Robert Habeck said Thursday in an interview with public broadcaster ZDF in particular: “I ’ ll have to lie if I say I ’ m not afraid of it. ”
If energy suppliers continue to pile up losses by forcing them to cover lost Russian supplies at high prices, there is a risk of a wider collapse.
Uniper SE, Germany ’ s largest importer of Russian gas, has warned it could struggle to meet supply contracts to domestic utilities and manufacturers if Moscow lengthens or increases gas cuts.
The crisis has already spread far beyond Germany, where 12 EU member states have been affected and 10 countries have issued an early warning under the gas security regulation.
Rising European demand for LNG will also affect poorer countries around the world as they struggle to compete for shipments.
Estonian President Kaja Kalas, speaking at an EU summit in Brussels on Friday, said “we are concerned ” that Russia will cut off gas supplies to Europe.
“We need to be ready for an energy mix.
Different, unified LNG purchases and doing these things together. ”
Scope of risk
German economic institutes warned in April that an immediate halt to Russian imports of oil and natural gas would result in production being hit by 220 billion euros over the next two years.
Stefan Kothes, an economist at the Kiel Institute for World Economics, said that while it may be more moderate now with high storage levels, predicting the outcome of an unprecedented situation is difficult.
The Bundesbank estimates that the national economy will contract by more than 3% in 2023 if Russian energy supplies stop.
This would be the worst recession outside the recessions triggered by the coronavirus pandemic and the global financial crisis.

Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

### 2.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
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Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
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BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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In response to the energy crisis, Germany has been forced to reconsider its nuclear phase-out timeline.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Title:

Content: Arguments of the Week Society → Nature 13 +
In 2022, Germany will get rid of all remaining nuclear power plants
, 15: 26
For Germany, which has abandoned nuclear power plants, only gas can provide minimal emissions, reasonable prices and growing energy consumption.
But at the same time, the Nord Stream 2 project is seriously stalled.
Despite the fact that EU policy does not exclude the use of nuclear power plants, Germany considers nuclear energy dangerous and opposes the EU ’ s plan to leave nuclear power plants in the region.
By the end of this year, Germany will shut down all its nuclear power plants, and by 2030 it will abandon coal.
This was stated by the representative of the German government S. Hebstrait.
This is reported by TK "High Voltage".
The government believes that it is necessary to develop alternative energy sources, including hydrogen, so that they replace gas as soon as possible.
The enthusiasm and perseverance with which the Greens in Germany are pushing their climate program would probably be enough to turn the Siberian rivers.
But many note that there is no economic justification for this, and it will be pure voluntarism in general, if you quarrel with Russia.
However, there are those who consider the course chosen by Germany to be a dead end in any case.
Once - after the accident at the Japanese nuclear power plant Fukushima - Angela Merkel emotionally shut down six nuclear power plants in the country.
The closure of three of the six German nuclear power plants that operated until the beginning of 2022 is a pure winning ideology.
The new government of Germany makes it clear that it will spend the next four years to make the green revolution (some say “adventure ”) irreversible, Izvestia writes.
Add AN to your sources so as not to miss important events - Yandex News
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Arguments of the Week
Arguments of the Week
Politics
Politics
In the world
Society
In the world
Politics
Politics
Politics
Politics
In the world
Politics
Politics
Politics
Science
In the world
Accidents
Accidents
Society
Politics
Politics
Economy
Politics
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Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Senior officials have revealed plans to potentially delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants, marking a significant departure from Germany's long-standing energy policy.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
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Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Title:

Content: Arguments of the Week Society → Nature 13 +
In 2022, Germany will get rid of all remaining nuclear power plants
, 15: 26
For Germany, which has abandoned nuclear power plants, only gas can provide minimal emissions, reasonable prices and growing energy consumption.
But at the same time, the Nord Stream 2 project is seriously stalled.
Despite the fact that EU policy does not exclude the use of nuclear power plants, Germany considers nuclear energy dangerous and opposes the EU ’ s plan to leave nuclear power plants in the region.
By the end of this year, Germany will shut down all its nuclear power plants, and by 2030 it will abandon coal.
This was stated by the representative of the German government S. Hebstrait.
This is reported by TK "High Voltage".
The government believes that it is necessary to develop alternative energy sources, including hydrogen, so that they replace gas as soon as possible.
The enthusiasm and perseverance with which the Greens in Germany are pushing their climate program would probably be enough to turn the Siberian rivers.
But many note that there is no economic justification for this, and it will be pure voluntarism in general, if you quarrel with Russia.
However, there are those who consider the course chosen by Germany to be a dead end in any case.
Once - after the accident at the Japanese nuclear power plant Fukushima - Angela Merkel emotionally shut down six nuclear power plants in the country.
The closure of three of the six German nuclear power plants that operated until the beginning of 2022 is a pure winning ideology.
The new government of Germany makes it clear that it will spend the next four years to make the green revolution (some say “adventure ”) irreversible, Izvestia writes.
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Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

### 3.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Increased Energy Conservation
The German government has drafted administrative orders to reduce natural gas and energy consumption, with energy authorities estimating that Germany needs to reduce usage by 20% to avoid natural gas shortages during winter months.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

### 4.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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New firstOld firstFirst
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On-line
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Accelerated Renewable Energy Development
Paradoxically, the crisis has also accelerated renewable energy development.

Title:

Content: Renewable energy infrastructure will take decades to develop, experts say

Oil and gas companies should be part of the discussion on climate change, according to panellists at the World Government Summit

Beta V.1.0 - Powered by automated translation

The world needs “short-term” solutions as the infrastructure for renewable energy will take decades to develop, industry experts have said.

“We don’t have the infrastructure that really makes it possible for renewables to grow at the speed and scale that is needed,” Francesco La Camera, director general of the Abu Dhabi-based International Renewable Energy Agency (Irena), said during a panel discussion at the World Government Summit.

“We are talking about physical infrastructure, the legal and policy infrastructure [as well as] the professional skills.”

The war in Ukraine has triggered a global energy crisis, marked by a shortage of fuel supplies and volatile prices.

Countries in Europe and elsewhere are now racing to develop renewable and natural gas projects as they seek to reduce their reliance on Russian fossil fuel exports.

“We're talking about the biggest investment programme ever in the energy industry, which is used to developing projects over decades,” Siemens Energy chief executive Christian Bruch told the panel.

Investment in low-carbon projects is expected to increase by $60 billion this year, 10 per cent higher than 2022, led by developments in the wind sector, as well as a “significant” rise in funding for hydrogen and carbon capture, according to Rystad Energy, a Norway-based energy consultancy.

About $131 trillion will have to be spent by 2050 to achieve a low-carbon energy transition that will limit global temperature rises to manageable levels, Irena said.

Mohamed Al Ramahi, chief executive of Abu Dhabi clean energy company Masdar, said the Ukraine war, which disrupted energy markets and global trade flows, had created new opportunities in the renewables sector.

The current crisis has “accelerated” the rate at which renewable energy permits are being issued in Europe, he said.

“Before the war, this was literally impossible … I see these challenges creating humongous opportunities,” Mr Al Ramahi said.

Last year, EU energy ministers agreed to outline a temporary framework to hasten the granting of permits and the development of renewable energy projects.

Masdar, which has Adnoc, Taqa and Mubadala Investment Company as its stakeholders, aims to grow its renewable energy capacity to at least 100 gigawatts by 2030 while boosting its green hydrogen production to one million tonnes over the next decade.

“Is it sufficient enough? And the simple answer to that is definitely not. We need 10 times our target capacity on an annual basis for the next decade [to meet global net-zero goals]” said Mr Al Ramahi.

However, the global energy transition is a “long and bumpy journey”, he said.

Oil and gas companies, which reported record profits last year on the back of higher energy prices, should be a part of the discussion on climate change, panellists said.

The global oil and gas industry's income jumped to about $4 trillion in 2022, from its recent average of $1.5 trillion, according to the International Energy Agency.

“Without that money, there won't be a transition because where's the money going to come from?” said Marco Dunand, chief executive of commodities trader Mercuria.

He also highlighted the need for more investment in new oil and gas projects after spending in the sector fell to historic lows during the Covid-19 pandemic.

“If you want to be in line with the Paris Agreement, you should be producing worldwide about 70 million barrels per day, but the demand [is expected] to be closer to 100 million bpd,” said Mr Dunand.

“There is no investment because there's so much uncertainty about the transition.”

The Cop28 summit — set to be held in the UAE this year — will offer a chance to take stock of the enforcement of the Paris Agreement.

“There will be differences between countries during the stock-take [and] Cop28 should say how we can close the gap,” said Mr La Camera.

Watch: Air taxis to take over Dubai skies in three years

Updated: February 13, 2023, 11:52 AM
EDITOR'S PICKS

EU energy ministers have agreed to frameworks to hasten the granting of permits for renewable energy projects, recognizing the strategic importance of domestic energy production.

Title:

Content: Renewable energy infrastructure will take decades to develop, experts say

Oil and gas companies should be part of the discussion on climate change, according to panellists at the World Government Summit

Beta V.1.0 - Powered by automated translation

The world needs “short-term” solutions as the infrastructure for renewable energy will take decades to develop, industry experts have said.

“We don’t have the infrastructure that really makes it possible for renewables to grow at the speed and scale that is needed,” Francesco La Camera, director general of the Abu Dhabi-based International Renewable Energy Agency (Irena), said during a panel discussion at the World Government Summit.

“We are talking about physical infrastructure, the legal and policy infrastructure [as well as] the professional skills.”

The war in Ukraine has triggered a global energy crisis, marked by a shortage of fuel supplies and volatile prices.

Countries in Europe and elsewhere are now racing to develop renewable and natural gas projects as they seek to reduce their reliance on Russian fossil fuel exports.

“We're talking about the biggest investment programme ever in the energy industry, which is used to developing projects over decades,” Siemens Energy chief executive Christian Bruch told the panel.

Investment in low-carbon projects is expected to increase by $60 billion this year, 10 per cent higher than 2022, led by developments in the wind sector, as well as a “significant” rise in funding for hydrogen and carbon capture, according to Rystad Energy, a Norway-based energy consultancy.

About $131 trillion will have to be spent by 2050 to achieve a low-carbon energy transition that will limit global temperature rises to manageable levels, Irena said.

Mohamed Al Ramahi, chief executive of Abu Dhabi clean energy company Masdar, said the Ukraine war, which disrupted energy markets and global trade flows, had created new opportunities in the renewables sector.

The current crisis has “accelerated” the rate at which renewable energy permits are being issued in Europe, he said.

“Before the war, this was literally impossible … I see these challenges creating humongous opportunities,” Mr Al Ramahi said.

Last year, EU energy ministers agreed to outline a temporary framework to hasten the granting of permits and the development of renewable energy projects.

Masdar, which has Adnoc, Taqa and Mubadala Investment Company as its stakeholders, aims to grow its renewable energy capacity to at least 100 gigawatts by 2030 while boosting its green hydrogen production to one million tonnes over the next decade.

“Is it sufficient enough? And the simple answer to that is definitely not. We need 10 times our target capacity on an annual basis for the next decade [to meet global net-zero goals]” said Mr Al Ramahi.

However, the global energy transition is a “long and bumpy journey”, he said.

Oil and gas companies, which reported record profits last year on the back of higher energy prices, should be a part of the discussion on climate change, panellists said.

The global oil and gas industry's income jumped to about $4 trillion in 2022, from its recent average of $1.5 trillion, according to the International Energy Agency.

“Without that money, there won't be a transition because where's the money going to come from?” said Marco Dunand, chief executive of commodities trader Mercuria.

He also highlighted the need for more investment in new oil and gas projects after spending in the sector fell to historic lows during the Covid-19 pandemic.

“If you want to be in line with the Paris Agreement, you should be producing worldwide about 70 million barrels per day, but the demand [is expected] to be closer to 100 million bpd,” said Mr Dunand.

“There is no investment because there's so much uncertainty about the transition.”

The Cop28 summit — set to be held in the UAE this year — will offer a chance to take stock of the enforcement of the Paris Agreement.

“There will be differences between countries during the stock-take [and] Cop28 should say how we can close the gap,” said Mr La Camera.

Watch: Air taxis to take over Dubai skies in three years

Updated: February 13, 2023, 11:52 AM
EDITOR'S PICKS

## Growing Movement to Bring Nuclear Reactors Back Online

The energy crisis has sparked a significant debate in Germany about potentially extending nuclear power operations:

### 1.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Title:

Content: The current energy crisis, nuclear power generation is back in favor of countries
PARIS (AFP) - As global energy import bills skyrocket and the climate crisis rages, countries around the world are struggling to find alternative sources of energy, and their preference for nuclear power is rising.
Advertisement
After Japan ’ s Fukushima disaster in 2011, countries scaled back investment in nuclear power amid concerns about nuclear safety, but after Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine in February, there was a renewed trend toward nuclear power as energy supplies tightened and Europe struggled to move away from its dependence on Russian oil and gas.
Some experts argued that nuclear power should not be included in the options under consideration; others argued that in the face of so many crises, the world's energy mix must retain nuclear power.
One of the countries that is reconsidering the use of nuclear power is Japan, which shut down many nuclear reactors due to safety concerns following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
But Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida this week called for efforts to revive nuclear power generation and build new nuclear power plants.
Other countries that had intended to move away from nuclear power have also abandoned such plans, at least in the short term.
For example, within a month of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Belgium postponed the implementation of its 2025 plan to abolish nuclear energy for 10 years.
Although nuclear power currently accounts for only 10% of the world ’ s electricity generation, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raised its forecast for nuclear power production in September, the first time since the Fukushima disaster.
The International Atomic Energy Agency now expects global nuclear power generation to double by 2050, in the best case scenario.
Even in Germany, Europe ’ s largest economy, nuclear power is no longer a taboo topic, as the current energy crisis has reignited debate over plans to close its last three plants by 2022.
As nuclear power can replace coal-fired power generation, China, the Czech Republic, India and Poland have all expressed interest in developing nuclear infrastructure, with China now having the largest number of reactors.
Britain, France and the Netherlands have similar ideas; even US President Joe Biden ’ s proposed investment plan encourages the development of nuclear power.
Experts at the UN ’ s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledge that the use of nuclear energy “may be limited by social preferences ” because the risks of a nuclear disaster and the issue of how to safely dispose of nuclear waste remain unresolved.
But some countries still oppose the use of nuclear power, such as New Zealand, and the European Union has hotly debated whether nuclear power can be considered a green energy source.

Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Political Support for Nuclear Extension
- Opposition parties, particularly the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and Christian Social Union (CSU), have advocated extending nuclear plant operations to replace Russian natural gas.

- Within the ruling coalition, the Free Democratic Party (FDP), led by Finance Minister Christian Lindner, has supported maintaining nuclear power.

While the FDP is a junior partner in the coalition with the Social Democrats (SPD) and Greens, their advocacy has kept the nuclear debate alive.

### 2.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
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Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
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Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Public and Expert Opinion Shift
Supporting nuclear power is "no longer a taboo topic" in Germany, according to the documents.

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Even some energy experts have argued that Germany should delay closing its last plants and further develop nuclear energy.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Content: The current energy crisis, nuclear power generation is back in favor of countries
PARIS (AFP) - As global energy import bills skyrocket and the climate crisis rages, countries around the world are struggling to find alternative sources of energy, and their preference for nuclear power is rising.
Advertisement
After Japan ’ s Fukushima disaster in 2011, countries scaled back investment in nuclear power amid concerns about nuclear safety, but after Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine in February, there was a renewed trend toward nuclear power as energy supplies tightened and Europe struggled to move away from its dependence on Russian oil and gas.
Some experts argued that nuclear power should not be included in the options under consideration; others argued that in the face of so many crises, the world's energy mix must retain nuclear power.
One of the countries that is reconsidering the use of nuclear power is Japan, which shut down many nuclear reactors due to safety concerns following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
But Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida this week called for efforts to revive nuclear power generation and build new nuclear power plants.
Other countries that had intended to move away from nuclear power have also abandoned such plans, at least in the short term.
For example, within a month of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Belgium postponed the implementation of its 2025 plan to abolish nuclear energy for 10 years.
Although nuclear power currently accounts for only 10% of the world ’ s electricity generation, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raised its forecast for nuclear power production in September, the first time since the Fukushima disaster.
The International Atomic Energy Agency now expects global nuclear power generation to double by 2050, in the best case scenario.
Even in Germany, Europe ’ s largest economy, nuclear power is no longer a taboo topic, as the current energy crisis has reignited debate over plans to close its last three plants by 2022.
As nuclear power can replace coal-fired power generation, China, the Czech Republic, India and Poland have all expressed interest in developing nuclear infrastructure, with China now having the largest number of reactors.
Britain, France and the Netherlands have similar ideas; even US President Joe Biden ’ s proposed investment plan encourages the development of nuclear power.
Experts at the UN ’ s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledge that the use of nuclear energy “may be limited by social preferences ” because the risks of a nuclear disaster and the issue of how to safely dispose of nuclear waste remain unresolved.
But some countries still oppose the use of nuclear power, such as New Zealand, and the European Union has hotly debated whether nuclear power can be considered a green energy source.

Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Title:

Content: Read the history of the moment: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power? | German News | DW | 14.04.2023
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Read the history of the present: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power?
Germany was proud of its nuclear power generation technology, but at the same time the technology has been so controversial that it has finally decided that April 15, 2023 is the date of withdrawal from nuclear power.
However, as the energy crisis caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war continues to intensify, the wisdom of the decision to say goodbye to nuclear energy has been widely discussed.
Germany ’ s nuclear policy is in dispute again
It all started with an "egg" - Germany's first nuclear reactor in Garching, near Munich, went into operation in October 1957.
Because the nuclear reactor, which belongs to the University of Munich, resembles an egg, it is nicknamed the "atomic egg".
It was a milestone in Germany's nuclear energy research and a symbol of Germany's resurgence after World War II.
The nuclear reactor, which was used for scientific purposes, remained in operation until 2000.
In 1957, Germany built its first nuclear reactor.
Three years later, in 1960, the first nuclear power plant for civilian use was built in the city of Kahl, on the banks of the Main River in Bavaria.
At that time, atomic energy was widely regarded as both safe and reliable. The 1973 oil crisis gave further impetus to the rapid development of nuclear energy in Germany.
The start of the anti-nuclear movement
Since it has been impossible to find a foolproof way to store nuclear waste, opponents have begun to question whether nuclear energy is really a clean energy source.
Thousands of protesters clashed with police during the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Shihe.
Since the 1970s, plans for the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant have triggered numerous police and civil conflicts.
"Nuclear energy? No, thank you!" has become a rallying cry for environmentalists.
In the 1980s, a new political party, the Green Party, emerged in West Germany. Its members are mainly leftists, pacifists, environmentalists and anti-nuclear forces. In 1983, the Green Party entered the Bundestag.
In 1983, Green Party politicians Gert Bastian and Petra Kelly were elected to the Bundestag.
On March 28, 1979, a serious accident occurred at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania, United States. On April 26, 1986, a reactor at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine, Soviet Union, exploded, causing the worst nuclear disaster in history.
Radiation clouds spread throughout Europe.
The accident also marked a turning point in discussions about nuclear technology in Germany.
At the time, Germany was still divided.
In East Germany under the Communist Party, the public received almost no information about the nuclear accident and its effects.
West Germany, on the other hand, was in a state of confusion and politicians were helpless.
People were unprepared for a nuclear leak, and the government was unable to provide guidelines and response strategies for the time being.
A hastily formed crisis management team was also disbanded shortly afterwards.
The Chernobyl nuclear accident has caused widespread concern in Germany.
People are buying iodine.
A large quantity of fruit, vegetables and milk in the supermarket was ordered to be removed from the shelves because of concerns about nuclear radiation.
Children were banned from playing in the sand pools and citizens were warned not to go out in the rain.
Although the health effects of radiation were not detected in Germany, the accident led to the introduction of nationwide radiation monitoring in Germany, which eventually led to the establishment of the Federal Ministry of the Environment.
Plans to build a nuclear waste treatment plant in the Bavarian town of Wackersdorf have sparked serious riots.
The clashes left several protesters and civil servants dead and hundreds injured.
The project was finally halted in 1989, the first major victory of the German environmental movement.
And...
In 2011, protesters handcuffed themselves to the tracks in an attempt to block trains carrying nuclear waste.
Meanwhile, in northern Germany, Gorleben in Lower Saxony became a symbol of the struggle against nuclear waste, and the town was designated to temporarily store nuclear waste until a permanent storage site was identified.
The first shipment of nuclear waste arrived in the town on 24 April 1995.
A long farewell to nuclear power - Germany's nuclear withdrawal process after many setbacks
In 2001, Schroeder's center-left coalition government of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and the Green Party reached an agreement with major energy companies to phase out nuclear power.
All 19 nuclear power plants in Germany have been given operating timelines and the last one is required to be shut down by 2021.
In 2001, Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder announced that Germany would phase out nuclear power generation.
In 2010, the center-right government led by Chancellor Angela Merkel withdrew the nuclear withdrawal agreement.
It also decided to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants.
However, the third major nuclear accident in the world has caused a change in Germany's nuclear energy policy. On March 11, 2011, the accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan caused by the earthquake and tsunami.
The impact of the accident on Germany is even greater than that of Japan.
As a veteran physicist, German Chancellor Angela Merkel unexpectedly changed her usual stance on nuclear energy policy.
Merkel suddenly announced that the era of nuclear power in Germany will end by the end of 2022. On July 30, 2011, the German Bundestag voted to approve the resolution.
After years of fierce fighting, the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Ishih will finally become history in 2021 after 35 years of operation.
In 2017, Germany decided to start a nationwide search for a safe place to store highly radioactive nuclear waste, with the mission to be completed by 2031.
At the end of 2021, anti-nuclear activists celebrated the closure of a nuclear power plant in North Germany.
Rethinking the nuclear policy.
The war in Ukraine has made Germany anxious to get rid of its energy dependence on Russia, which has also reignited the already ironclad policy of denuclearization.
The coalition leader has spearheaded a proposal to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants to replace natural gas from Russia with nuclear power.
In August 2022, CDU Chairman Meltz and CSU Chairman Soder both put forward the idea of extending the time limit for nuclear power operations.
Christian Lindner, finance minister of the business-oriented Liberal Democratic Party (FDP), immediately backed a return to nuclear power.
His party is junior partner in a centre-left coalition with the Social Democrats (SPD) and the Greens.
The latter will find it difficult to agree to an extension because opposition to nuclear power is one of their core issues.
But in the summer of 2022, no one in Germany completely ruled out that possibility.
LDP finance minister Lindner, who is focused on business interests, was also quick to join the pro-nuclear camp.
But for the Green Party, which is also part of the ruling coalition, the possibility of agreeing to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants is slim, because opposition to nuclear power is their basic principle.
Anything is possible in Germany in 2022.
Can nuclear power be a climate savior?
Editor: This article was originally published in August 2022
© 2022 Deutsche Welle Copyright Notice: All content in this article is protected by copyright law and may not be used without special permission from Deutsche Welle.
Any misconduct will lead to recovery and criminal prosecution.
DW.COM

The International Atomic Energy Agency has increased its nuclear power production forecast, reflecting a global reassessment of nuclear's role.

Title:

Content: The current energy crisis, nuclear power generation is back in favor of countries
PARIS (AFP) - As global energy import bills skyrocket and the climate crisis rages, countries around the world are struggling to find alternative sources of energy, and their preference for nuclear power is rising.
Advertisement
After Japan ’ s Fukushima disaster in 2011, countries scaled back investment in nuclear power amid concerns about nuclear safety, but after Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine in February, there was a renewed trend toward nuclear power as energy supplies tightened and Europe struggled to move away from its dependence on Russian oil and gas.
Some experts argued that nuclear power should not be included in the options under consideration; others argued that in the face of so many crises, the world's energy mix must retain nuclear power.
One of the countries that is reconsidering the use of nuclear power is Japan, which shut down many nuclear reactors due to safety concerns following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
But Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida this week called for efforts to revive nuclear power generation and build new nuclear power plants.
Other countries that had intended to move away from nuclear power have also abandoned such plans, at least in the short term.
For example, within a month of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Belgium postponed the implementation of its 2025 plan to abolish nuclear energy for 10 years.
Although nuclear power currently accounts for only 10% of the world ’ s electricity generation, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raised its forecast for nuclear power production in September, the first time since the Fukushima disaster.
The International Atomic Energy Agency now expects global nuclear power generation to double by 2050, in the best case scenario.
Even in Germany, Europe ’ s largest economy, nuclear power is no longer a taboo topic, as the current energy crisis has reignited debate over plans to close its last three plants by 2022.
As nuclear power can replace coal-fired power generation, China, the Czech Republic, India and Poland have all expressed interest in developing nuclear infrastructure, with China now having the largest number of reactors.
Britain, France and the Netherlands have similar ideas; even US President Joe Biden ’ s proposed investment plan encourages the development of nuclear power.
Experts at the UN ’ s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledge that the use of nuclear energy “may be limited by social preferences ” because the risks of a nuclear disaster and the issue of how to safely dispose of nuclear waste remain unresolved.
But some countries still oppose the use of nuclear power, such as New Zealand, and the European Union has hotly debated whether nuclear power can be considered a green energy source.

### 3.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
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Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
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BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Germany is not alone in reconsidering nuclear power.

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Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
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Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Title:

Content: The current energy crisis, nuclear power generation is back in favor of countries
PARIS (AFP) - As global energy import bills skyrocket and the climate crisis rages, countries around the world are struggling to find alternative sources of energy, and their preference for nuclear power is rising.
Advertisement
After Japan ’ s Fukushima disaster in 2011, countries scaled back investment in nuclear power amid concerns about nuclear safety, but after Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine in February, there was a renewed trend toward nuclear power as energy supplies tightened and Europe struggled to move away from its dependence on Russian oil and gas.
Some experts argued that nuclear power should not be included in the options under consideration; others argued that in the face of so many crises, the world's energy mix must retain nuclear power.
One of the countries that is reconsidering the use of nuclear power is Japan, which shut down many nuclear reactors due to safety concerns following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
But Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida this week called for efforts to revive nuclear power generation and build new nuclear power plants.
Other countries that had intended to move away from nuclear power have also abandoned such plans, at least in the short term.
For example, within a month of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Belgium postponed the implementation of its 2025 plan to abolish nuclear energy for 10 years.
Although nuclear power currently accounts for only 10% of the world ’ s electricity generation, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raised its forecast for nuclear power production in September, the first time since the Fukushima disaster.
The International Atomic Energy Agency now expects global nuclear power generation to double by 2050, in the best case scenario.
Even in Germany, Europe ’ s largest economy, nuclear power is no longer a taboo topic, as the current energy crisis has reignited debate over plans to close its last three plants by 2022.
As nuclear power can replace coal-fired power generation, China, the Czech Republic, India and Poland have all expressed interest in developing nuclear infrastructure, with China now having the largest number of reactors.
Britain, France and the Netherlands have similar ideas; even US President Joe Biden ’ s proposed investment plan encourages the development of nuclear power.
Experts at the UN ’ s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledge that the use of nuclear energy “may be limited by social preferences ” because the risks of a nuclear disaster and the issue of how to safely dispose of nuclear waste remain unresolved.
But some countries still oppose the use of nuclear power, such as New Zealand, and the European Union has hotly debated whether nuclear power can be considered a green energy source.

Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Title:

Content: Read the history of the moment: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power? | German News | DW | 14.04.2023
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Read the history of the present: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power?
Germany was proud of its nuclear power generation technology, but at the same time the technology has been so controversial that it has finally decided that April 15, 2023 is the date of withdrawal from nuclear power.
However, as the energy crisis caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war continues to intensify, the wisdom of the decision to say goodbye to nuclear energy has been widely discussed.
Germany ’ s nuclear policy is in dispute again
It all started with an "egg" - Germany's first nuclear reactor in Garching, near Munich, went into operation in October 1957.
Because the nuclear reactor, which belongs to the University of Munich, resembles an egg, it is nicknamed the "atomic egg".
It was a milestone in Germany's nuclear energy research and a symbol of Germany's resurgence after World War II.
The nuclear reactor, which was used for scientific purposes, remained in operation until 2000.
In 1957, Germany built its first nuclear reactor.
Three years later, in 1960, the first nuclear power plant for civilian use was built in the city of Kahl, on the banks of the Main River in Bavaria.
At that time, atomic energy was widely regarded as both safe and reliable. The 1973 oil crisis gave further impetus to the rapid development of nuclear energy in Germany.
The start of the anti-nuclear movement
Since it has been impossible to find a foolproof way to store nuclear waste, opponents have begun to question whether nuclear energy is really a clean energy source.
Thousands of protesters clashed with police during the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Shihe.
Since the 1970s, plans for the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant have triggered numerous police and civil conflicts.
"Nuclear energy? No, thank you!" has become a rallying cry for environmentalists.
In the 1980s, a new political party, the Green Party, emerged in West Germany. Its members are mainly leftists, pacifists, environmentalists and anti-nuclear forces. In 1983, the Green Party entered the Bundestag.
In 1983, Green Party politicians Gert Bastian and Petra Kelly were elected to the Bundestag.
On March 28, 1979, a serious accident occurred at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania, United States. On April 26, 1986, a reactor at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine, Soviet Union, exploded, causing the worst nuclear disaster in history.
Radiation clouds spread throughout Europe.
The accident also marked a turning point in discussions about nuclear technology in Germany.
At the time, Germany was still divided.
In East Germany under the Communist Party, the public received almost no information about the nuclear accident and its effects.
West Germany, on the other hand, was in a state of confusion and politicians were helpless.
People were unprepared for a nuclear leak, and the government was unable to provide guidelines and response strategies for the time being.
A hastily formed crisis management team was also disbanded shortly afterwards.
The Chernobyl nuclear accident has caused widespread concern in Germany.
People are buying iodine.
A large quantity of fruit, vegetables and milk in the supermarket was ordered to be removed from the shelves because of concerns about nuclear radiation.
Children were banned from playing in the sand pools and citizens were warned not to go out in the rain.
Although the health effects of radiation were not detected in Germany, the accident led to the introduction of nationwide radiation monitoring in Germany, which eventually led to the establishment of the Federal Ministry of the Environment.
Plans to build a nuclear waste treatment plant in the Bavarian town of Wackersdorf have sparked serious riots.
The clashes left several protesters and civil servants dead and hundreds injured.
The project was finally halted in 1989, the first major victory of the German environmental movement.
And...
In 2011, protesters handcuffed themselves to the tracks in an attempt to block trains carrying nuclear waste.
Meanwhile, in northern Germany, Gorleben in Lower Saxony became a symbol of the struggle against nuclear waste, and the town was designated to temporarily store nuclear waste until a permanent storage site was identified.
The first shipment of nuclear waste arrived in the town on 24 April 1995.
A long farewell to nuclear power - Germany's nuclear withdrawal process after many setbacks
In 2001, Schroeder's center-left coalition government of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and the Green Party reached an agreement with major energy companies to phase out nuclear power.
All 19 nuclear power plants in Germany have been given operating timelines and the last one is required to be shut down by 2021.
In 2001, Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder announced that Germany would phase out nuclear power generation.
In 2010, the center-right government led by Chancellor Angela Merkel withdrew the nuclear withdrawal agreement.
It also decided to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants.
However, the third major nuclear accident in the world has caused a change in Germany's nuclear energy policy. On March 11, 2011, the accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan caused by the earthquake and tsunami.
The impact of the accident on Germany is even greater than that of Japan.
As a veteran physicist, German Chancellor Angela Merkel unexpectedly changed her usual stance on nuclear energy policy.
Merkel suddenly announced that the era of nuclear power in Germany will end by the end of 2022. On July 30, 2011, the German Bundestag voted to approve the resolution.
After years of fierce fighting, the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Ishih will finally become history in 2021 after 35 years of operation.
In 2017, Germany decided to start a nationwide search for a safe place to store highly radioactive nuclear waste, with the mission to be completed by 2031.
At the end of 2021, anti-nuclear activists celebrated the closure of a nuclear power plant in North Germany.
Rethinking the nuclear policy.
The war in Ukraine has made Germany anxious to get rid of its energy dependence on Russia, which has also reignited the already ironclad policy of denuclearization.
The coalition leader has spearheaded a proposal to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants to replace natural gas from Russia with nuclear power.
In August 2022, CDU Chairman Meltz and CSU Chairman Soder both put forward the idea of extending the time limit for nuclear power operations.
Christian Lindner, finance minister of the business-oriented Liberal Democratic Party (FDP), immediately backed a return to nuclear power.
His party is junior partner in a centre-left coalition with the Social Democrats (SPD) and the Greens.
The latter will find it difficult to agree to an extension because opposition to nuclear power is one of their core issues.
But in the summer of 2022, no one in Germany completely ruled out that possibility.
LDP finance minister Lindner, who is focused on business interests, was also quick to join the pro-nuclear camp.
But for the Green Party, which is also part of the ruling coalition, the possibility of agreeing to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants is slim, because opposition to nuclear power is their basic principle.
Anything is possible in Germany in 2022.
Can nuclear power be a climate savior?
Editor: This article was originally published in August 2022
© 2022 Deutsche Welle Copyright Notice: All content in this article is protected by copyright law and may not be used without special permission from Deutsche Welle.
Any misconduct will lead to recovery and criminal prosecution.
DW.COM

Japan is reviving its nuclear program, Belgium has delayed its nuclear phase-out by 10 years, and countries including China, India, Poland, the UK, France, and the Netherlands are all expanding or maintaining their nuclear capacity.

Title:

Content: The current energy crisis, nuclear power generation is back in favor of countries
PARIS (AFP) - As global energy import bills skyrocket and the climate crisis rages, countries around the world are struggling to find alternative sources of energy, and their preference for nuclear power is rising.
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After Japan ’ s Fukushima disaster in 2011, countries scaled back investment in nuclear power amid concerns about nuclear safety, but after Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine in February, there was a renewed trend toward nuclear power as energy supplies tightened and Europe struggled to move away from its dependence on Russian oil and gas.
Some experts argued that nuclear power should not be included in the options under consideration; others argued that in the face of so many crises, the world's energy mix must retain nuclear power.
One of the countries that is reconsidering the use of nuclear power is Japan, which shut down many nuclear reactors due to safety concerns following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
But Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida this week called for efforts to revive nuclear power generation and build new nuclear power plants.
Other countries that had intended to move away from nuclear power have also abandoned such plans, at least in the short term.
For example, within a month of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Belgium postponed the implementation of its 2025 plan to abolish nuclear energy for 10 years.
Although nuclear power currently accounts for only 10% of the world ’ s electricity generation, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raised its forecast for nuclear power production in September, the first time since the Fukushima disaster.
The International Atomic Energy Agency now expects global nuclear power generation to double by 2050, in the best case scenario.
Even in Germany, Europe ’ s largest economy, nuclear power is no longer a taboo topic, as the current energy crisis has reignited debate over plans to close its last three plants by 2022.
As nuclear power can replace coal-fired power generation, China, the Czech Republic, India and Poland have all expressed interest in developing nuclear infrastructure, with China now having the largest number of reactors.
Britain, France and the Netherlands have similar ideas; even US President Joe Biden ’ s proposed investment plan encourages the development of nuclear power.
Experts at the UN ’ s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledge that the use of nuclear energy “may be limited by social preferences ” because the risks of a nuclear disaster and the issue of how to safely dispose of nuclear waste remain unresolved.
But some countries still oppose the use of nuclear power, such as New Zealand, and the European Union has hotly debated whether nuclear power can be considered a green energy source.

This international trend adds pressure on Germany to reconsider its position.

### 4.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
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Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
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BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Technical and Practical Considerations
Experts note that bringing offline nuclear plants back into operation is technically challenging and not always possible.

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Building new plants would take considerable time, meaning that existing operational capacity represents a valuable short-to-medium-term energy asset during the current crisis.

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

## Conclusion and Recommendations

Germany's nuclear phase-out, while well-intentioned from an environmental perspective, has created significant energy security and economic challenges that have been exacerbated by the Russian-Ukrainian war.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Content: Arguments of the Week Society → Nature 13 +
In 2022, Germany will get rid of all remaining nuclear power plants
, 15: 26
For Germany, which has abandoned nuclear power plants, only gas can provide minimal emissions, reasonable prices and growing energy consumption.
But at the same time, the Nord Stream 2 project is seriously stalled.
Despite the fact that EU policy does not exclude the use of nuclear power plants, Germany considers nuclear energy dangerous and opposes the EU ’ s plan to leave nuclear power plants in the region.
By the end of this year, Germany will shut down all its nuclear power plants, and by 2030 it will abandon coal.
This was stated by the representative of the German government S. Hebstrait.
This is reported by TK "High Voltage".
The government believes that it is necessary to develop alternative energy sources, including hydrogen, so that they replace gas as soon as possible.
The enthusiasm and perseverance with which the Greens in Germany are pushing their climate program would probably be enough to turn the Siberian rivers.
But many note that there is no economic justification for this, and it will be pure voluntarism in general, if you quarrel with Russia.
However, there are those who consider the course chosen by Germany to be a dead end in any case.
Once - after the accident at the Japanese nuclear power plant Fukushima - Angela Merkel emotionally shut down six nuclear power plants in the country.
The closure of three of the six German nuclear power plants that operated until the beginning of 2022 is a pure winning ideology.
The new government of Germany makes it clear that it will spend the next four years to make the green revolution (some say “adventure ”) irreversible, Izvestia writes.
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Title:

Content: Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
I'm sorry.
Mohamad Elbaz
Editor-in-Chief
Wael Lotfy
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
I'm sorry.
Mohamad Elbaz
Editor-in-Chief
Wael Lotfy
« Renewable energy solutions and the future of the global crisis » in the book fair.. and experts: started since 2010
As part of the activities of the 45th Cairo International Book Fair, a local and regional partnership hall held a seminar entitled "Renewable Energy Solutions and the Future of the Global Energy Crisis" in the presence of Eng. Ahmed Sultan, Mr. Hamdi Abdel Aziz, Omar El Husseini, and Raghad El Bahi management.
Ahmed Sultan, deputy chairman of the Energy Committee of the Engineers Syndicate in Cairo, said that the energy crisis suffered by the world, especially the European continent, is not the result of the moment, and the Russian-Ukrainian war was not the main cause, noting that the crisis began in 2010, as the volume of investment in fossil fuels, witnessed a sharp decline, by more than 50%, in addition to the political tensions that occurred during the year.
He added that the Coronavirus pandemic, when it hit the world, affected demand levels rather than supply levels, while the Russian-Ukrainian war affected oil supply, supply levels and the movement of the oil market.
He pointed out that Europe was affected by the energy crisis, when the decision makers decided to rely on one source of natural gas, Russia; when the war came, a defect occurred in the European energy system, and served as a warning bell to the world to the need to diversify energy sources, and not rely on only one source.
For his part, Omar El Husseini, a researcher at the Egyptian Center for Strategic Studies and a lecturer in environmental engineering at Coventry University, said that the European energy sector suffers from structural problems that began before the war, adding that reducing investments in fossil fuel sources and reducing reliance on nuclear energy negatively affected the energy mix in the old continent.
He pointed out that the solutions developed by European governments in the short term, from subsidizing energy bills or increasing inventories and relying on different sources of supply, will not address the causes and are not a long-term solution.
For his part, researcher Ahmed Bayoumi at the Egyptian Center for Strategic Studies and director of investment in private equity at Banque Misr, stressed that climate change has become an inevitable reality that must be dealt with, pointing out that the current energy crisis clearly shows the extent of the world ’ s dependence on fossil fuels.
He pointed out that the improvement of energy policies is closely linked to the improvement of climate policies, noting the danger of ignoring climate issues to account for economic crises, as climate change is one of the main causes of worsening food insecurity in the future.

Title:

Content: Energy policies after the Russo-Ukrainian War
The consequences of the Russian invasion of Ukraine continue.
As the war drags on, new negative effects begin to unfold in various sectors, including the energy sector.
It may seem like less talk about energy than about the food crisis, for example.
But talking about energy policies is a conversation that matters to the average citizen before governments.
Energy in the life of the average citizen means the availability of materials for the work of private cars and public transport, means the availability of electricity in homes and at work, and means the availability of gas and petroleum materials for the management of productive factories.
The daily life of the average citizen depends mainly on the availability of energy to sustain it.
Unfortunately, most of the energy used in the world today is energy based on coal, oil and gas (fossil energy) and reliance on renewable energy is the exception in most countries of the world.
Therefore, the energy policy debate should not be confined to big companies, politicians and researchers, but should also extend to citizens, because the negative effects of the current war on energy will not only affect governments or the rich, but may extend to your daily life.
Researchers specializing in energy policies say that energy policies work mainly to achieve three main objectives that represent the heads of a triangle, these three objectives are called the "Energy Policy Trilogy":
First Objective: Insurance
It means having a permanent capacity to secure the energy supply of nations and individuals in different circumstances.
Working to secure energy supplies includes working to secure these supplies in the short term as well as in the long term.
In the short term, there must be policies that save energy even in times of crisis, strikes or exceptional circumstances.
For energy policy makers, the key question for achieving this goal is how can we secure energy supplies in the short term and in the long term?
Second Objective: Sustainability
It means having the potential to provide sources of energy that do not threaten future life on the planet.
Unfortunately, most of the energy used in the world today is energy based on coal, oil and gas (fossil energy).
Renewable energy is the exception in most countries of the world.
This dependence on fossil energy sources clearly contributes to changing the environment on the planet and accelerating climate change.
Complaining about widespread desertification, floods, hurricanes and extreme heat waves are all side effects of climate change, whose negative effects are accelerated by the large use of fossil energy.
For these reasons, energy policy makers are trying to find renewable sources of energy that are sustainable.
The question they face in order to achieve this goal is: How can we obtain alternative energy sources that make life on the planet safer and more sustainable?
Objective 3: Appropriate costs
Access to energy by states or individuals must be done at reasonable prices.
Because of the high dependence on energy and the use of large amounts of it by countries and individuals, price is a key factor in determining the extent of energy use and access to large sectors.
The more energy is available at cheap prices, the more it reaches wider sectors, which means more productivity and better quality of life.
The opposite is also true.
So policymakers are looking to answer the question of how can we get cheaper sources of energy?
If insurance, sustainability and appropriate prices are the goals that energy policymakers seek to achieve, achieving these three goals faces a major dilemma.
The dilemma is that the policies adopted by countries often cannot achieve these three goals at the same time.
So governments are working to focus on one or two of these goals while ignoring the rest.
Because of these preferences and biases when choosing targets, the debate on energy policies should include listening to the preferences and choices of broad segments of citizens because any bias towards one of the heads of the triangle at the expense of the other two will have a cost and negative consequences for broad segments of citizens.
Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine has significantly complicated these options to become part of public debate in much of the world.
For example, in the face of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, EU countries should take one of two paths:
either focus more on sustainability by investing in renewable energy to replace non - renewable sources of energy.
In this case, these countries can achieve the goal of sustainability, but they will likely face a shortage of supplies during the coming winter months, and the prices of this renewable energy will not be suitable for all social levels.
It could either focus on reusing coal or restarting nuclear power plants to make up for the shortfall in Russian gas supplies.
In this case, European countries will provide energy at prices that are not high, but this will be at the expense of the negative effects that this decision will have on the environment and climate change, and this option is ultimately unsustainable.
In order to get closer to the picture and know the consequences of such decisions, it must be remembered that any of these paths means millions of money will be spent on its implementation, and it means that we will continue to adopt it for long periods to come.
For example, if countries decided to rely on non-renewable sources of energy production, the money that would have gone to renewable energy research and construction projects would go to building gas lines and supporting investments in the gas and nuclear sectors.
The decision to build such lines or reactivate nuclear reactors means that these countries will continue to use these means for at least the next 10 years.
The money spent on this route can not be left behind or compensated after two or three years.
Some believe that the Gulf states benefit greatly from higher oil prices because they provide additional financial resources.
It has an interest in prolonging the war.
But the real interest of oil and gas exporting countries is to stabilize their prices within appropriate limits for importing and exporting countries.
Higher oil prices are pushing the global economy to slow down, meaning that future demand for oil will decline.
While a reasonable price per barrel is suitable for importing countries and profitable for exporting countries, it is what contributes to the balance in the energy market.

Title:

Content: Sunday 26 November 1443 AH - 26 June 2022 |
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Grim scenarios.
Putin pushes German economy to the brink of collapse
German authorities have taken emergency measures, including increasing the use of coal to secure its energy needs amid declining volumes from Russia.
For some time now, German authorities have been concerned about the cessation of industrial furnaces due to the scarcity of energy resources following the Russian war on Ukraine.
For decades, these furnaces have been operating without interruption, “but if they suddenly cool, the molten material will harden and break the entire system, a concern that engulfs Europe ’ s largest economy. ”
After President Vladimir Putin cut energy flows to Europe by 60%, German experts and the administration of Chancellor Olaf Schulz this week looked as if they were waiting for bleak scenarios for the coming winter.
Klaus Müller, who heads the German federal network BNetzA, said Friday in an interview with Deutschland Funk radio: “If we had a very cold winter, it wouldn ’ t be pretty. ”
Ovens need 75% of their natural gas consumption to prevent the molten glass inside from overrunning and destroying the furnace.
For decades, Germany has thrived on cheap gas prices, and the response to the economy ’ s growing needs has often been the construction of a new pipeline to Russia.
But this era is now, and German companies are beginning to face a new and unusual reality.
Quick Solutions
There will be quick fixes, such as reviving polluting coal plants and converting fuel into industrial processes, despite their risks, because the transition to affordable renewable energy will take years.
Companies that manufacture metal, paper and even food may be forced to scale back or close German production sites, accelerating the ongoing mass migration of manufacturing jobs and leaving lasting damage to the country ’ s economic landscape.
Wolfgang Han, managing director of Energy Consulting Group GmbH, said: “Companies will move production to where there is a competitive line, and this will not be in Germany. ”
“You can ’ t correct 20 years of policy mistakes in two or three years. ”
The latest figures show it will take 115 days to reach the government ’ s target of filling gas reserves to 90% by November.
This timeframe assumes that flows remain at the current level, which is unlikely given the Kremlin ’ s increasingly aggressive stance toward Europe in response to sanctions imposed by Russia ’ s war in Ukraine.
The energy crisis
Gas storage levels in Germany are still below 60% of its capacity.
In response to the bleak outlook, Germany, which still depends on Russia for more than a third of its gas supplies, raised its threat level to the second-highest “alarm ” stage on Thursday.
If the pressure intensifies, Germany could start rationing supplies, the Bloomberg report confirms.
The moment of truth is likely to come next month when Nord Stream pipeline pumping for scheduled maintenance drops, as Germany fears pumping will never return.
German Vice Chancellor Robert Habeck said Thursday in an interview with public broadcaster ZDF in particular: “I ’ ll have to lie if I say I ’ m not afraid of it. ”
If energy suppliers continue to pile up losses by forcing them to cover lost Russian supplies at high prices, there is a risk of a wider collapse.
Uniper SE, Germany ’ s largest importer of Russian gas, has warned it could struggle to meet supply contracts to domestic utilities and manufacturers if Moscow lengthens or increases gas cuts.
The crisis has already spread far beyond Germany, where 12 EU member states have been affected and 10 countries have issued an early warning under the gas security regulation.
Rising European demand for LNG will also affect poorer countries around the world as they struggle to compete for shipments.
Estonian President Kaja Kalas, speaking at an EU summit in Brussels on Friday, said “we are concerned ” that Russia will cut off gas supplies to Europe.
“We need to be ready for an energy mix.
Different, unified LNG purchases and doing these things together. ”
Scope of risk
German economic institutes warned in April that an immediate halt to Russian imports of oil and natural gas would result in production being hit by 220 billion euros over the next two years.
Stefan Kothes, an economist at the Kiel Institute for World Economics, said that while it may be more moderate now with high storage levels, predicting the outcome of an unprecedented situation is difficult.
The Bundesbank estimates that the national economy will contract by more than 3% in 2023 if Russian energy supplies stop.
This would be the worst recession outside the recessions triggered by the coronavirus pandemic and the global financial crisis.

Title:

Content: The current energy crisis, nuclear power generation is back in favor of countries
PARIS (AFP) - As global energy import bills skyrocket and the climate crisis rages, countries around the world are struggling to find alternative sources of energy, and their preference for nuclear power is rising.
Advertisement
After Japan ’ s Fukushima disaster in 2011, countries scaled back investment in nuclear power amid concerns about nuclear safety, but after Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine in February, there was a renewed trend toward nuclear power as energy supplies tightened and Europe struggled to move away from its dependence on Russian oil and gas.
Some experts argued that nuclear power should not be included in the options under consideration; others argued that in the face of so many crises, the world's energy mix must retain nuclear power.
One of the countries that is reconsidering the use of nuclear power is Japan, which shut down many nuclear reactors due to safety concerns following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
But Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida this week called for efforts to revive nuclear power generation and build new nuclear power plants.
Other countries that had intended to move away from nuclear power have also abandoned such plans, at least in the short term.
For example, within a month of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Belgium postponed the implementation of its 2025 plan to abolish nuclear energy for 10 years.
Although nuclear power currently accounts for only 10% of the world ’ s electricity generation, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raised its forecast for nuclear power production in September, the first time since the Fukushima disaster.
The International Atomic Energy Agency now expects global nuclear power generation to double by 2050, in the best case scenario.
Even in Germany, Europe ’ s largest economy, nuclear power is no longer a taboo topic, as the current energy crisis has reignited debate over plans to close its last three plants by 2022.
As nuclear power can replace coal-fired power generation, China, the Czech Republic, India and Poland have all expressed interest in developing nuclear infrastructure, with China now having the largest number of reactors.
Britain, France and the Netherlands have similar ideas; even US President Joe Biden ’ s proposed investment plan encourages the development of nuclear power.
Experts at the UN ’ s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledge that the use of nuclear energy “may be limited by social preferences ” because the risks of a nuclear disaster and the issue of how to safely dispose of nuclear waste remain unresolved.
But some countries still oppose the use of nuclear power, such as New Zealand, and the European Union has hotly debated whether nuclear power can be considered a green energy source.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
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Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
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BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Title:

Content: Read the history of the moment: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power? | German News | DW | 14.04.2023
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Read the history of the present: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power?
Germany was proud of its nuclear power generation technology, but at the same time the technology has been so controversial that it has finally decided that April 15, 2023 is the date of withdrawal from nuclear power.
However, as the energy crisis caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war continues to intensify, the wisdom of the decision to say goodbye to nuclear energy has been widely discussed.
Germany ’ s nuclear policy is in dispute again
It all started with an "egg" - Germany's first nuclear reactor in Garching, near Munich, went into operation in October 1957.
Because the nuclear reactor, which belongs to the University of Munich, resembles an egg, it is nicknamed the "atomic egg".
It was a milestone in Germany's nuclear energy research and a symbol of Germany's resurgence after World War II.
The nuclear reactor, which was used for scientific purposes, remained in operation until 2000.
In 1957, Germany built its first nuclear reactor.
Three years later, in 1960, the first nuclear power plant for civilian use was built in the city of Kahl, on the banks of the Main River in Bavaria.
At that time, atomic energy was widely regarded as both safe and reliable. The 1973 oil crisis gave further impetus to the rapid development of nuclear energy in Germany.
The start of the anti-nuclear movement
Since it has been impossible to find a foolproof way to store nuclear waste, opponents have begun to question whether nuclear energy is really a clean energy source.
Thousands of protesters clashed with police during the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Shihe.
Since the 1970s, plans for the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant have triggered numerous police and civil conflicts.
"Nuclear energy? No, thank you!" has become a rallying cry for environmentalists.
In the 1980s, a new political party, the Green Party, emerged in West Germany. Its members are mainly leftists, pacifists, environmentalists and anti-nuclear forces. In 1983, the Green Party entered the Bundestag.
In 1983, Green Party politicians Gert Bastian and Petra Kelly were elected to the Bundestag.
On March 28, 1979, a serious accident occurred at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania, United States. On April 26, 1986, a reactor at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine, Soviet Union, exploded, causing the worst nuclear disaster in history.
Radiation clouds spread throughout Europe.
The accident also marked a turning point in discussions about nuclear technology in Germany.
At the time, Germany was still divided.
In East Germany under the Communist Party, the public received almost no information about the nuclear accident and its effects.
West Germany, on the other hand, was in a state of confusion and politicians were helpless.
People were unprepared for a nuclear leak, and the government was unable to provide guidelines and response strategies for the time being.
A hastily formed crisis management team was also disbanded shortly afterwards.
The Chernobyl nuclear accident has caused widespread concern in Germany.
People are buying iodine.
A large quantity of fruit, vegetables and milk in the supermarket was ordered to be removed from the shelves because of concerns about nuclear radiation.
Children were banned from playing in the sand pools and citizens were warned not to go out in the rain.
Although the health effects of radiation were not detected in Germany, the accident led to the introduction of nationwide radiation monitoring in Germany, which eventually led to the establishment of the Federal Ministry of the Environment.
Plans to build a nuclear waste treatment plant in the Bavarian town of Wackersdorf have sparked serious riots.
The clashes left several protesters and civil servants dead and hundreds injured.
The project was finally halted in 1989, the first major victory of the German environmental movement.
And...
In 2011, protesters handcuffed themselves to the tracks in an attempt to block trains carrying nuclear waste.
Meanwhile, in northern Germany, Gorleben in Lower Saxony became a symbol of the struggle against nuclear waste, and the town was designated to temporarily store nuclear waste until a permanent storage site was identified.
The first shipment of nuclear waste arrived in the town on 24 April 1995.
A long farewell to nuclear power - Germany's nuclear withdrawal process after many setbacks
In 2001, Schroeder's center-left coalition government of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and the Green Party reached an agreement with major energy companies to phase out nuclear power.
All 19 nuclear power plants in Germany have been given operating timelines and the last one is required to be shut down by 2021.
In 2001, Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder announced that Germany would phase out nuclear power generation.
In 2010, the center-right government led by Chancellor Angela Merkel withdrew the nuclear withdrawal agreement.
It also decided to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants.
However, the third major nuclear accident in the world has caused a change in Germany's nuclear energy policy. On March 11, 2011, the accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan caused by the earthquake and tsunami.
The impact of the accident on Germany is even greater than that of Japan.
As a veteran physicist, German Chancellor Angela Merkel unexpectedly changed her usual stance on nuclear energy policy.
Merkel suddenly announced that the era of nuclear power in Germany will end by the end of 2022. On July 30, 2011, the German Bundestag voted to approve the resolution.
After years of fierce fighting, the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Ishih will finally become history in 2021 after 35 years of operation.
In 2017, Germany decided to start a nationwide search for a safe place to store highly radioactive nuclear waste, with the mission to be completed by 2031.
At the end of 2021, anti-nuclear activists celebrated the closure of a nuclear power plant in North Germany.
Rethinking the nuclear policy.
The war in Ukraine has made Germany anxious to get rid of its energy dependence on Russia, which has also reignited the already ironclad policy of denuclearization.
The coalition leader has spearheaded a proposal to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants to replace natural gas from Russia with nuclear power.
In August 2022, CDU Chairman Meltz and CSU Chairman Soder both put forward the idea of extending the time limit for nuclear power operations.
Christian Lindner, finance minister of the business-oriented Liberal Democratic Party (FDP), immediately backed a return to nuclear power.
His party is junior partner in a centre-left coalition with the Social Democrats (SPD) and the Greens.
The latter will find it difficult to agree to an extension because opposition to nuclear power is one of their core issues.
But in the summer of 2022, no one in Germany completely ruled out that possibility.
LDP finance minister Lindner, who is focused on business interests, was also quick to join the pro-nuclear camp.
But for the Green Party, which is also part of the ruling coalition, the possibility of agreeing to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants is slim, because opposition to nuclear power is their basic principle.
Anything is possible in Germany in 2022.
Can nuclear power be a climate savior?
Editor: This article was originally published in August 2022
© 2022 Deutsche Welle Copyright Notice: All content in this article is protected by copyright law and may not be used without special permission from Deutsche Welle.
Any misconduct will lead to recovery and criminal prosecution.
DW.COM

The policy has accelerated renewable energy development but has also increased reliance on fossil fuels and created dangerous dependencies on imported energy.

Title:

Content: Arguments of the Week Society → Nature 13 +
In 2022, Germany will get rid of all remaining nuclear power plants
, 15: 26
For Germany, which has abandoned nuclear power plants, only gas can provide minimal emissions, reasonable prices and growing energy consumption.
But at the same time, the Nord Stream 2 project is seriously stalled.
Despite the fact that EU policy does not exclude the use of nuclear power plants, Germany considers nuclear energy dangerous and opposes the EU ’ s plan to leave nuclear power plants in the region.
By the end of this year, Germany will shut down all its nuclear power plants, and by 2030 it will abandon coal.
This was stated by the representative of the German government S. Hebstrait.
This is reported by TK "High Voltage".
The government believes that it is necessary to develop alternative energy sources, including hydrogen, so that they replace gas as soon as possible.
The enthusiasm and perseverance with which the Greens in Germany are pushing their climate program would probably be enough to turn the Siberian rivers.
But many note that there is no economic justification for this, and it will be pure voluntarism in general, if you quarrel with Russia.
However, there are those who consider the course chosen by Germany to be a dead end in any case.
Once - after the accident at the Japanese nuclear power plant Fukushima - Angela Merkel emotionally shut down six nuclear power plants in the country.
The closure of three of the six German nuclear power plants that operated until the beginning of 2022 is a pure winning ideology.
The new government of Germany makes it clear that it will spend the next four years to make the green revolution (some say “adventure ”) irreversible, Izvestia writes.
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The current energy crisis has forced a reconsideration of Germany's nuclear exit, with growing political and public support for maintaining the remaining nuclear plants at least temporarily.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Content: The current energy crisis, nuclear power generation is back in favor of countries
PARIS (AFP) - As global energy import bills skyrocket and the climate crisis rages, countries around the world are struggling to find alternative sources of energy, and their preference for nuclear power is rising.
Advertisement
After Japan ’ s Fukushima disaster in 2011, countries scaled back investment in nuclear power amid concerns about nuclear safety, but after Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine in February, there was a renewed trend toward nuclear power as energy supplies tightened and Europe struggled to move away from its dependence on Russian oil and gas.
Some experts argued that nuclear power should not be included in the options under consideration; others argued that in the face of so many crises, the world's energy mix must retain nuclear power.
One of the countries that is reconsidering the use of nuclear power is Japan, which shut down many nuclear reactors due to safety concerns following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
But Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida this week called for efforts to revive nuclear power generation and build new nuclear power plants.
Other countries that had intended to move away from nuclear power have also abandoned such plans, at least in the short term.
For example, within a month of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Belgium postponed the implementation of its 2025 plan to abolish nuclear energy for 10 years.
Although nuclear power currently accounts for only 10% of the world ’ s electricity generation, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raised its forecast for nuclear power production in September, the first time since the Fukushima disaster.
The International Atomic Energy Agency now expects global nuclear power generation to double by 2050, in the best case scenario.
Even in Germany, Europe ’ s largest economy, nuclear power is no longer a taboo topic, as the current energy crisis has reignited debate over plans to close its last three plants by 2022.
As nuclear power can replace coal-fired power generation, China, the Czech Republic, India and Poland have all expressed interest in developing nuclear infrastructure, with China now having the largest number of reactors.
Britain, France and the Netherlands have similar ideas; even US President Joe Biden ’ s proposed investment plan encourages the development of nuclear power.
Experts at the UN ’ s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledge that the use of nuclear energy “may be limited by social preferences ” because the risks of a nuclear disaster and the issue of how to safely dispose of nuclear waste remain unresolved.
But some countries still oppose the use of nuclear power, such as New Zealand, and the European Union has hotly debated whether nuclear power can be considered a green energy source.

Title:

Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
Related Posts

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Title:

Content: Read the history of the moment: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power? | German News | DW | 14.04.2023
1.
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2.
Navigation
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Advertisement
German News
Read the history of the present: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power?
Germany was proud of its nuclear power generation technology, but at the same time the technology has been so controversial that it has finally decided that April 15, 2023 is the date of withdrawal from nuclear power.
However, as the energy crisis caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war continues to intensify, the wisdom of the decision to say goodbye to nuclear energy has been widely discussed.
Germany ’ s nuclear policy is in dispute again
It all started with an "egg" - Germany's first nuclear reactor in Garching, near Munich, went into operation in October 1957.
Because the nuclear reactor, which belongs to the University of Munich, resembles an egg, it is nicknamed the "atomic egg".
It was a milestone in Germany's nuclear energy research and a symbol of Germany's resurgence after World War II.
The nuclear reactor, which was used for scientific purposes, remained in operation until 2000.
In 1957, Germany built its first nuclear reactor.
Three years later, in 1960, the first nuclear power plant for civilian use was built in the city of Kahl, on the banks of the Main River in Bavaria.
At that time, atomic energy was widely regarded as both safe and reliable. The 1973 oil crisis gave further impetus to the rapid development of nuclear energy in Germany.
The start of the anti-nuclear movement
Since it has been impossible to find a foolproof way to store nuclear waste, opponents have begun to question whether nuclear energy is really a clean energy source.
Thousands of protesters clashed with police during the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Shihe.
Since the 1970s, plans for the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant have triggered numerous police and civil conflicts.
"Nuclear energy? No, thank you!" has become a rallying cry for environmentalists.
In the 1980s, a new political party, the Green Party, emerged in West Germany. Its members are mainly leftists, pacifists, environmentalists and anti-nuclear forces. In 1983, the Green Party entered the Bundestag.
In 1983, Green Party politicians Gert Bastian and Petra Kelly were elected to the Bundestag.
On March 28, 1979, a serious accident occurred at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania, United States. On April 26, 1986, a reactor at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine, Soviet Union, exploded, causing the worst nuclear disaster in history.
Radiation clouds spread throughout Europe.
The accident also marked a turning point in discussions about nuclear technology in Germany.
At the time, Germany was still divided.
In East Germany under the Communist Party, the public received almost no information about the nuclear accident and its effects.
West Germany, on the other hand, was in a state of confusion and politicians were helpless.
People were unprepared for a nuclear leak, and the government was unable to provide guidelines and response strategies for the time being.
A hastily formed crisis management team was also disbanded shortly afterwards.
The Chernobyl nuclear accident has caused widespread concern in Germany.
People are buying iodine.
A large quantity of fruit, vegetables and milk in the supermarket was ordered to be removed from the shelves because of concerns about nuclear radiation.
Children were banned from playing in the sand pools and citizens were warned not to go out in the rain.
Although the health effects of radiation were not detected in Germany, the accident led to the introduction of nationwide radiation monitoring in Germany, which eventually led to the establishment of the Federal Ministry of the Environment.
Plans to build a nuclear waste treatment plant in the Bavarian town of Wackersdorf have sparked serious riots.
The clashes left several protesters and civil servants dead and hundreds injured.
The project was finally halted in 1989, the first major victory of the German environmental movement.
And...
In 2011, protesters handcuffed themselves to the tracks in an attempt to block trains carrying nuclear waste.
Meanwhile, in northern Germany, Gorleben in Lower Saxony became a symbol of the struggle against nuclear waste, and the town was designated to temporarily store nuclear waste until a permanent storage site was identified.
The first shipment of nuclear waste arrived in the town on 24 April 1995.
A long farewell to nuclear power - Germany's nuclear withdrawal process after many setbacks
In 2001, Schroeder's center-left coalition government of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and the Green Party reached an agreement with major energy companies to phase out nuclear power.
All 19 nuclear power plants in Germany have been given operating timelines and the last one is required to be shut down by 2021.
In 2001, Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder announced that Germany would phase out nuclear power generation.
In 2010, the center-right government led by Chancellor Angela Merkel withdrew the nuclear withdrawal agreement.
It also decided to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants.
However, the third major nuclear accident in the world has caused a change in Germany's nuclear energy policy. On March 11, 2011, the accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan caused by the earthquake and tsunami.
The impact of the accident on Germany is even greater than that of Japan.
As a veteran physicist, German Chancellor Angela Merkel unexpectedly changed her usual stance on nuclear energy policy.
Merkel suddenly announced that the era of nuclear power in Germany will end by the end of 2022. On July 30, 2011, the German Bundestag voted to approve the resolution.
After years of fierce fighting, the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Ishih will finally become history in 2021 after 35 years of operation.
In 2017, Germany decided to start a nationwide search for a safe place to store highly radioactive nuclear waste, with the mission to be completed by 2031.
At the end of 2021, anti-nuclear activists celebrated the closure of a nuclear power plant in North Germany.
Rethinking the nuclear policy.
The war in Ukraine has made Germany anxious to get rid of its energy dependence on Russia, which has also reignited the already ironclad policy of denuclearization.
The coalition leader has spearheaded a proposal to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants to replace natural gas from Russia with nuclear power.
In August 2022, CDU Chairman Meltz and CSU Chairman Soder both put forward the idea of extending the time limit for nuclear power operations.
Christian Lindner, finance minister of the business-oriented Liberal Democratic Party (FDP), immediately backed a return to nuclear power.
His party is junior partner in a centre-left coalition with the Social Democrats (SPD) and the Greens.
The latter will find it difficult to agree to an extension because opposition to nuclear power is one of their core issues.
But in the summer of 2022, no one in Germany completely ruled out that possibility.
LDP finance minister Lindner, who is focused on business interests, was also quick to join the pro-nuclear camp.
But for the Green Party, which is also part of the ruling coalition, the possibility of agreeing to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants is slim, because opposition to nuclear power is their basic principle.
Anything is possible in Germany in 2022.
Can nuclear power be a climate savior?
Editor: This article was originally published in August 2022
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Any misconduct will lead to recovery and criminal prosecution.
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This reflects a broader global trend of nuclear energy reassessment in response to energy security concerns and climate goals.

Title:

Content: The current energy crisis, nuclear power generation is back in favor of countries
PARIS (AFP) - As global energy import bills skyrocket and the climate crisis rages, countries around the world are struggling to find alternative sources of energy, and their preference for nuclear power is rising.
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After Japan ’ s Fukushima disaster in 2011, countries scaled back investment in nuclear power amid concerns about nuclear safety, but after Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine in February, there was a renewed trend toward nuclear power as energy supplies tightened and Europe struggled to move away from its dependence on Russian oil and gas.
Some experts argued that nuclear power should not be included in the options under consideration; others argued that in the face of so many crises, the world's energy mix must retain nuclear power.
One of the countries that is reconsidering the use of nuclear power is Japan, which shut down many nuclear reactors due to safety concerns following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
But Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida this week called for efforts to revive nuclear power generation and build new nuclear power plants.
Other countries that had intended to move away from nuclear power have also abandoned such plans, at least in the short term.
For example, within a month of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Belgium postponed the implementation of its 2025 plan to abolish nuclear energy for 10 years.
Although nuclear power currently accounts for only 10% of the world ’ s electricity generation, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raised its forecast for nuclear power production in September, the first time since the Fukushima disaster.
The International Atomic Energy Agency now expects global nuclear power generation to double by 2050, in the best case scenario.
Even in Germany, Europe ’ s largest economy, nuclear power is no longer a taboo topic, as the current energy crisis has reignited debate over plans to close its last three plants by 2022.
As nuclear power can replace coal-fired power generation, China, the Czech Republic, India and Poland have all expressed interest in developing nuclear infrastructure, with China now having the largest number of reactors.
Britain, France and the Netherlands have similar ideas; even US President Joe Biden ’ s proposed investment plan encourages the development of nuclear power.
Experts at the UN ’ s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledge that the use of nuclear energy “may be limited by social preferences ” because the risks of a nuclear disaster and the issue of how to safely dispose of nuclear waste remain unresolved.
But some countries still oppose the use of nuclear power, such as New Zealand, and the European Union has hotly debated whether nuclear power can be considered a green energy source.

For the legislator who believes nuclear energy should be part of the green transition, the German experience offers several key insights:

1.

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Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
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Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Content: Arguments of the Week Society → Nature 13 +
In 2022, Germany will get rid of all remaining nuclear power plants
, 15: 26
For Germany, which has abandoned nuclear power plants, only gas can provide minimal emissions, reasonable prices and growing energy consumption.
But at the same time, the Nord Stream 2 project is seriously stalled.
Despite the fact that EU policy does not exclude the use of nuclear power plants, Germany considers nuclear energy dangerous and opposes the EU ’ s plan to leave nuclear power plants in the region.
By the end of this year, Germany will shut down all its nuclear power plants, and by 2030 it will abandon coal.
This was stated by the representative of the German government S. Hebstrait.
This is reported by TK "High Voltage".
The government believes that it is necessary to develop alternative energy sources, including hydrogen, so that they replace gas as soon as possible.
The enthusiasm and perseverance with which the Greens in Germany are pushing their climate program would probably be enough to turn the Siberian rivers.
But many note that there is no economic justification for this, and it will be pure voluntarism in general, if you quarrel with Russia.
However, there are those who consider the course chosen by Germany to be a dead end in any case.
Once - after the accident at the Japanese nuclear power plant Fukushima - Angela Merkel emotionally shut down six nuclear power plants in the country.
The closure of three of the six German nuclear power plants that operated until the beginning of 2022 is a pure winning ideology.
The new government of Germany makes it clear that it will spend the next four years to make the green revolution (some say “adventure ”) irreversible, Izvestia writes.
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Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
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Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
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BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
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Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

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Content: Read the history of the moment: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power? | German News | DW | 14.04.2023
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Read the history of the present: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power?
Germany was proud of its nuclear power generation technology, but at the same time the technology has been so controversial that it has finally decided that April 15, 2023 is the date of withdrawal from nuclear power.
However, as the energy crisis caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war continues to intensify, the wisdom of the decision to say goodbye to nuclear energy has been widely discussed.
Germany ’ s nuclear policy is in dispute again
It all started with an "egg" - Germany's first nuclear reactor in Garching, near Munich, went into operation in October 1957.
Because the nuclear reactor, which belongs to the University of Munich, resembles an egg, it is nicknamed the "atomic egg".
It was a milestone in Germany's nuclear energy research and a symbol of Germany's resurgence after World War II.
The nuclear reactor, which was used for scientific purposes, remained in operation until 2000.
In 1957, Germany built its first nuclear reactor.
Three years later, in 1960, the first nuclear power plant for civilian use was built in the city of Kahl, on the banks of the Main River in Bavaria.
At that time, atomic energy was widely regarded as both safe and reliable. The 1973 oil crisis gave further impetus to the rapid development of nuclear energy in Germany.
The start of the anti-nuclear movement
Since it has been impossible to find a foolproof way to store nuclear waste, opponents have begun to question whether nuclear energy is really a clean energy source.
Thousands of protesters clashed with police during the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Shihe.
Since the 1970s, plans for the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant have triggered numerous police and civil conflicts.
"Nuclear energy? No, thank you!" has become a rallying cry for environmentalists.
In the 1980s, a new political party, the Green Party, emerged in West Germany. Its members are mainly leftists, pacifists, environmentalists and anti-nuclear forces. In 1983, the Green Party entered the Bundestag.
In 1983, Green Party politicians Gert Bastian and Petra Kelly were elected to the Bundestag.
On March 28, 1979, a serious accident occurred at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania, United States. On April 26, 1986, a reactor at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine, Soviet Union, exploded, causing the worst nuclear disaster in history.
Radiation clouds spread throughout Europe.
The accident also marked a turning point in discussions about nuclear technology in Germany.
At the time, Germany was still divided.
In East Germany under the Communist Party, the public received almost no information about the nuclear accident and its effects.
West Germany, on the other hand, was in a state of confusion and politicians were helpless.
People were unprepared for a nuclear leak, and the government was unable to provide guidelines and response strategies for the time being.
A hastily formed crisis management team was also disbanded shortly afterwards.
The Chernobyl nuclear accident has caused widespread concern in Germany.
People are buying iodine.
A large quantity of fruit, vegetables and milk in the supermarket was ordered to be removed from the shelves because of concerns about nuclear radiation.
Children were banned from playing in the sand pools and citizens were warned not to go out in the rain.
Although the health effects of radiation were not detected in Germany, the accident led to the introduction of nationwide radiation monitoring in Germany, which eventually led to the establishment of the Federal Ministry of the Environment.
Plans to build a nuclear waste treatment plant in the Bavarian town of Wackersdorf have sparked serious riots.
The clashes left several protesters and civil servants dead and hundreds injured.
The project was finally halted in 1989, the first major victory of the German environmental movement.
And...
In 2011, protesters handcuffed themselves to the tracks in an attempt to block trains carrying nuclear waste.
Meanwhile, in northern Germany, Gorleben in Lower Saxony became a symbol of the struggle against nuclear waste, and the town was designated to temporarily store nuclear waste until a permanent storage site was identified.
The first shipment of nuclear waste arrived in the town on 24 April 1995.
A long farewell to nuclear power - Germany's nuclear withdrawal process after many setbacks
In 2001, Schroeder's center-left coalition government of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and the Green Party reached an agreement with major energy companies to phase out nuclear power.
All 19 nuclear power plants in Germany have been given operating timelines and the last one is required to be shut down by 2021.
In 2001, Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder announced that Germany would phase out nuclear power generation.
In 2010, the center-right government led by Chancellor Angela Merkel withdrew the nuclear withdrawal agreement.
It also decided to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants.
However, the third major nuclear accident in the world has caused a change in Germany's nuclear energy policy. On March 11, 2011, the accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan caused by the earthquake and tsunami.
The impact of the accident on Germany is even greater than that of Japan.
As a veteran physicist, German Chancellor Angela Merkel unexpectedly changed her usual stance on nuclear energy policy.
Merkel suddenly announced that the era of nuclear power in Germany will end by the end of 2022. On July 30, 2011, the German Bundestag voted to approve the resolution.
After years of fierce fighting, the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Ishih will finally become history in 2021 after 35 years of operation.
In 2017, Germany decided to start a nationwide search for a safe place to store highly radioactive nuclear waste, with the mission to be completed by 2031.
At the end of 2021, anti-nuclear activists celebrated the closure of a nuclear power plant in North Germany.
Rethinking the nuclear policy.
The war in Ukraine has made Germany anxious to get rid of its energy dependence on Russia, which has also reignited the already ironclad policy of denuclearization.
The coalition leader has spearheaded a proposal to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants to replace natural gas from Russia with nuclear power.
In August 2022, CDU Chairman Meltz and CSU Chairman Soder both put forward the idea of extending the time limit for nuclear power operations.
Christian Lindner, finance minister of the business-oriented Liberal Democratic Party (FDP), immediately backed a return to nuclear power.
His party is junior partner in a centre-left coalition with the Social Democrats (SPD) and the Greens.
The latter will find it difficult to agree to an extension because opposition to nuclear power is one of their core issues.
But in the summer of 2022, no one in Germany completely ruled out that possibility.
LDP finance minister Lindner, who is focused on business interests, was also quick to join the pro-nuclear camp.
But for the Green Party, which is also part of the ruling coalition, the possibility of agreeing to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants is slim, because opposition to nuclear power is their basic principle.
Anything is possible in Germany in 2022.
Can nuclear power be a climate savior?
Editor: This article was originally published in August 2022
© 2022 Deutsche Welle Copyright Notice: All content in this article is protected by copyright law and may not be used without special permission from Deutsche Welle.
Any misconduct will lead to recovery and criminal prosecution.
DW.COM

Nuclear energy can provide reliable, low-carbon baseload power during the transition to renewable energy sources.

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Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
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Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
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Read ria.ru in
BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
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Complete nuclear phase-outs without adequate alternative energy sources can create energy security vulnerabilities.

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Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
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Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Content: Energy policies after the Russo-Ukrainian War
The consequences of the Russian invasion of Ukraine continue.
As the war drags on, new negative effects begin to unfold in various sectors, including the energy sector.
It may seem like less talk about energy than about the food crisis, for example.
But talking about energy policies is a conversation that matters to the average citizen before governments.
Energy in the life of the average citizen means the availability of materials for the work of private cars and public transport, means the availability of electricity in homes and at work, and means the availability of gas and petroleum materials for the management of productive factories.
The daily life of the average citizen depends mainly on the availability of energy to sustain it.
Unfortunately, most of the energy used in the world today is energy based on coal, oil and gas (fossil energy) and reliance on renewable energy is the exception in most countries of the world.
Therefore, the energy policy debate should not be confined to big companies, politicians and researchers, but should also extend to citizens, because the negative effects of the current war on energy will not only affect governments or the rich, but may extend to your daily life.
Researchers specializing in energy policies say that energy policies work mainly to achieve three main objectives that represent the heads of a triangle, these three objectives are called the "Energy Policy Trilogy":
First Objective: Insurance
It means having a permanent capacity to secure the energy supply of nations and individuals in different circumstances.
Working to secure energy supplies includes working to secure these supplies in the short term as well as in the long term.
In the short term, there must be policies that save energy even in times of crisis, strikes or exceptional circumstances.
For energy policy makers, the key question for achieving this goal is how can we secure energy supplies in the short term and in the long term?
Second Objective: Sustainability
It means having the potential to provide sources of energy that do not threaten future life on the planet.
Unfortunately, most of the energy used in the world today is energy based on coal, oil and gas (fossil energy).
Renewable energy is the exception in most countries of the world.
This dependence on fossil energy sources clearly contributes to changing the environment on the planet and accelerating climate change.
Complaining about widespread desertification, floods, hurricanes and extreme heat waves are all side effects of climate change, whose negative effects are accelerated by the large use of fossil energy.
For these reasons, energy policy makers are trying to find renewable sources of energy that are sustainable.
The question they face in order to achieve this goal is: How can we obtain alternative energy sources that make life on the planet safer and more sustainable?
Objective 3: Appropriate costs
Access to energy by states or individuals must be done at reasonable prices.
Because of the high dependence on energy and the use of large amounts of it by countries and individuals, price is a key factor in determining the extent of energy use and access to large sectors.
The more energy is available at cheap prices, the more it reaches wider sectors, which means more productivity and better quality of life.
The opposite is also true.
So policymakers are looking to answer the question of how can we get cheaper sources of energy?
If insurance, sustainability and appropriate prices are the goals that energy policymakers seek to achieve, achieving these three goals faces a major dilemma.
The dilemma is that the policies adopted by countries often cannot achieve these three goals at the same time.
So governments are working to focus on one or two of these goals while ignoring the rest.
Because of these preferences and biases when choosing targets, the debate on energy policies should include listening to the preferences and choices of broad segments of citizens because any bias towards one of the heads of the triangle at the expense of the other two will have a cost and negative consequences for broad segments of citizens.
Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine has significantly complicated these options to become part of public debate in much of the world.
For example, in the face of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, EU countries should take one of two paths:
either focus more on sustainability by investing in renewable energy to replace non - renewable sources of energy.
In this case, these countries can achieve the goal of sustainability, but they will likely face a shortage of supplies during the coming winter months, and the prices of this renewable energy will not be suitable for all social levels.
It could either focus on reusing coal or restarting nuclear power plants to make up for the shortfall in Russian gas supplies.
In this case, European countries will provide energy at prices that are not high, but this will be at the expense of the negative effects that this decision will have on the environment and climate change, and this option is ultimately unsustainable.
In order to get closer to the picture and know the consequences of such decisions, it must be remembered that any of these paths means millions of money will be spent on its implementation, and it means that we will continue to adopt it for long periods to come.
For example, if countries decided to rely on non-renewable sources of energy production, the money that would have gone to renewable energy research and construction projects would go to building gas lines and supporting investments in the gas and nuclear sectors.
The decision to build such lines or reactivate nuclear reactors means that these countries will continue to use these means for at least the next 10 years.
The money spent on this route can not be left behind or compensated after two or three years.
Some believe that the Gulf states benefit greatly from higher oil prices because they provide additional financial resources.
It has an interest in prolonging the war.
But the real interest of oil and gas exporting countries is to stabilize their prices within appropriate limits for importing and exporting countries.
Higher oil prices are pushing the global economy to slow down, meaning that future demand for oil will decline.
While a reasonable price per barrel is suitable for importing countries and profitable for exporting countries, it is what contributes to the balance in the energy market.

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
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Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
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BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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The current energy crisis has demonstrated that nuclear power may be necessary as a bridge technology until renewables can fully meet demand.

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Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
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Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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Content: The current energy crisis, nuclear power generation is back in favor of countries
PARIS (AFP) - As global energy import bills skyrocket and the climate crisis rages, countries around the world are struggling to find alternative sources of energy, and their preference for nuclear power is rising.
Advertisement
After Japan ’ s Fukushima disaster in 2011, countries scaled back investment in nuclear power amid concerns about nuclear safety, but after Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine in February, there was a renewed trend toward nuclear power as energy supplies tightened and Europe struggled to move away from its dependence on Russian oil and gas.
Some experts argued that nuclear power should not be included in the options under consideration; others argued that in the face of so many crises, the world's energy mix must retain nuclear power.
One of the countries that is reconsidering the use of nuclear power is Japan, which shut down many nuclear reactors due to safety concerns following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
But Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida this week called for efforts to revive nuclear power generation and build new nuclear power plants.
Other countries that had intended to move away from nuclear power have also abandoned such plans, at least in the short term.
For example, within a month of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Belgium postponed the implementation of its 2025 plan to abolish nuclear energy for 10 years.
Although nuclear power currently accounts for only 10% of the world ’ s electricity generation, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raised its forecast for nuclear power production in September, the first time since the Fukushima disaster.
The International Atomic Energy Agency now expects global nuclear power generation to double by 2050, in the best case scenario.
Even in Germany, Europe ’ s largest economy, nuclear power is no longer a taboo topic, as the current energy crisis has reignited debate over plans to close its last three plants by 2022.
As nuclear power can replace coal-fired power generation, China, the Czech Republic, India and Poland have all expressed interest in developing nuclear infrastructure, with China now having the largest number of reactors.
Britain, France and the Netherlands have similar ideas; even US President Joe Biden ’ s proposed investment plan encourages the development of nuclear power.
Experts at the UN ’ s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledge that the use of nuclear energy “may be limited by social preferences ” because the risks of a nuclear disaster and the issue of how to safely dispose of nuclear waste remain unresolved.
But some countries still oppose the use of nuclear power, such as New Zealand, and the European Union has hotly debated whether nuclear power can be considered a green energy source.

Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Public opinion on nuclear energy can shift rapidly in response to changing circumstances, particularly energy security concerns.

Title:

Content: The current energy crisis, nuclear power generation is back in favor of countries
PARIS (AFP) - As global energy import bills skyrocket and the climate crisis rages, countries around the world are struggling to find alternative sources of energy, and their preference for nuclear power is rising.
Advertisement
After Japan ’ s Fukushima disaster in 2011, countries scaled back investment in nuclear power amid concerns about nuclear safety, but after Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine in February, there was a renewed trend toward nuclear power as energy supplies tightened and Europe struggled to move away from its dependence on Russian oil and gas.
Some experts argued that nuclear power should not be included in the options under consideration; others argued that in the face of so many crises, the world's energy mix must retain nuclear power.
One of the countries that is reconsidering the use of nuclear power is Japan, which shut down many nuclear reactors due to safety concerns following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
But Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida this week called for efforts to revive nuclear power generation and build new nuclear power plants.
Other countries that had intended to move away from nuclear power have also abandoned such plans, at least in the short term.
For example, within a month of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Belgium postponed the implementation of its 2025 plan to abolish nuclear energy for 10 years.
Although nuclear power currently accounts for only 10% of the world ’ s electricity generation, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raised its forecast for nuclear power production in September, the first time since the Fukushima disaster.
The International Atomic Energy Agency now expects global nuclear power generation to double by 2050, in the best case scenario.
Even in Germany, Europe ’ s largest economy, nuclear power is no longer a taboo topic, as the current energy crisis has reignited debate over plans to close its last three plants by 2022.
As nuclear power can replace coal-fired power generation, China, the Czech Republic, India and Poland have all expressed interest in developing nuclear infrastructure, with China now having the largest number of reactors.
Britain, France and the Netherlands have similar ideas; even US President Joe Biden ’ s proposed investment plan encourages the development of nuclear power.
Experts at the UN ’ s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledge that the use of nuclear energy “may be limited by social preferences ” because the risks of a nuclear disaster and the issue of how to safely dispose of nuclear waste remain unresolved.
But some countries still oppose the use of nuclear power, such as New Zealand, and the European Union has hotly debated whether nuclear power can be considered a green energy source.

Germany's experience suggests that a more balanced approach—maintaining existing nuclear capacity while aggressively developing renewable energy—might better serve both climate and energy security objectives than a complete nuclear phase-out.

Title:

Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
Back

Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

Catch all the Business News, Market News, Breaking News Events and Latest News Updates on Live Mint. Download The Mint News App to get Daily Market Updates.
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Recommended For You
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Title:

Content: The current energy crisis, nuclear power generation is back in favor of countries
PARIS (AFP) - As global energy import bills skyrocket and the climate crisis rages, countries around the world are struggling to find alternative sources of energy, and their preference for nuclear power is rising.
Advertisement
After Japan ’ s Fukushima disaster in 2011, countries scaled back investment in nuclear power amid concerns about nuclear safety, but after Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine in February, there was a renewed trend toward nuclear power as energy supplies tightened and Europe struggled to move away from its dependence on Russian oil and gas.
Some experts argued that nuclear power should not be included in the options under consideration; others argued that in the face of so many crises, the world's energy mix must retain nuclear power.
One of the countries that is reconsidering the use of nuclear power is Japan, which shut down many nuclear reactors due to safety concerns following the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
But Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida this week called for efforts to revive nuclear power generation and build new nuclear power plants.
Other countries that had intended to move away from nuclear power have also abandoned such plans, at least in the short term.
For example, within a month of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Belgium postponed the implementation of its 2025 plan to abolish nuclear energy for 10 years.
Although nuclear power currently accounts for only 10% of the world ’ s electricity generation, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) raised its forecast for nuclear power production in September, the first time since the Fukushima disaster.
The International Atomic Energy Agency now expects global nuclear power generation to double by 2050, in the best case scenario.
Even in Germany, Europe ’ s largest economy, nuclear power is no longer a taboo topic, as the current energy crisis has reignited debate over plans to close its last three plants by 2022.
As nuclear power can replace coal-fired power generation, China, the Czech Republic, India and Poland have all expressed interest in developing nuclear infrastructure, with China now having the largest number of reactors.
Britain, France and the Netherlands have similar ideas; even US President Joe Biden ’ s proposed investment plan encourages the development of nuclear power.
Experts at the UN ’ s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) acknowledge that the use of nuclear energy “may be limited by social preferences ” because the risks of a nuclear disaster and the issue of how to safely dispose of nuclear waste remain unresolved.
But some countries still oppose the use of nuclear power, such as New Zealand, and the European Union has hotly debated whether nuclear power can be considered a green energy source.

Title:

Content: Germany does not want to abandon Russian gas forever - RIA Novosti, 02.07.2023
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
Germany does not want to permanently abandon Russian gas
Saxony Prime Minister Kretschmer: Germany should not permanently abandon Russian gas
© RIA Novosti / Alexey Vitvitsky | Go to mediabankGas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben
Gas compressor station Gascade in Eisleben.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
BERLIN, July 2 - RIA Novosti.
Germany should not permanently block its access to Russian gas, in addition, it should strive to resolve the conflict in Ukraine through diplomacy, said the Prime Minister of the Federal state of Saxony Michael Kretschmer in an interview with the media group Funke.
"We should not forever block our way to Russian gas," Kretschmer said.
There is no crisis.
Europe is just getting worse.
The Minister does not want to hear the phrase "Russia - never again", and the so-called change of the energy era in Germany calls a failed venture against the background of a sharp increase in energy prices and the fact that the ordinary people "can not make ends meet."
“
"It would be important to think about everything again: nuclear energy, the abandonment of coal, domestic gas, Nord Stream, the expansion of renewable energy sources - there are many ways to reach a compromise," he said.
As for the conflict in Ukraine, Kretschmer advocates a diplomatic solution, which is also advocated by the majority of the German population.
"And I expect the federal government to remain open to that," he added.
The people are not the same: the Germans sabotage the green agenda
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Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
Extended reading
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Title:

Content: From the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the closure of the last nuclear power plants and, moreover, develop this type of energy.
This was announced to the correspondent of IA REGNUM on September 29 by the engineer-physicist of heat and power engineering, entrepreneur, chairman of the Murmansk regional branch of the “Party of Growth ” Nikolai Palchenko.
So he commented on the words of the Minister of economy of Germany Robert Habeck that Germany after 2022 will use two of its last three nuclear power plants.
AES
“European nuclear energy, especially German, at one time fell victim to the domestic political agenda – contrary to common sense, – he said. – Currently, no other type of energy, except nuclear and hydrocarbon, is suitable for providing electricity neither in the base nor in peak hours of loads.
Any kind of “green ” energy today can only be in the form of an“ application ” to the above traditional types of energy, but not completely replace them.
Fully atomic energy can only be replaced by hydrocarbon energy.
Nuclear is much more environmentally friendly.
Plus, Europe has problems with hydrocarbons today, so from the point of view of common sense, Germany needs to postpone the decommissioning of nuclear power plants, and it would be desirable to develop this type of energy. ”
According to him, the cost of nuclear energy does not depend on the stock market, and if Europeans need a stable source of energy at predictable prices, they can not find anything in nature better than nuclear power plants.
“The problem is that it is not easy and is not always possible to remove non-working nuclear power plants from conservation, and it is not a quick matter to build new ones.
So the current energy crisis nuclear energy will not solve, ” concluded the expert.
Recall, as reported by IA REGNUM, there is a forecast that Germany will have to postpone the date of abandonment of nuclear energy.
Read earlier in this story: Germany will not have to hurry with the rejection of the latest nuclear power plants – expert

Title:

Content: Read the history of the moment: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power? | German News | DW | 14.04.2023
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Read the history of the present: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power?
Germany was proud of its nuclear power generation technology, but at the same time the technology has been so controversial that it has finally decided that April 15, 2023 is the date of withdrawal from nuclear power.
However, as the energy crisis caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war continues to intensify, the wisdom of the decision to say goodbye to nuclear energy has been widely discussed.
Germany ’ s nuclear policy is in dispute again
It all started with an "egg" - Germany's first nuclear reactor in Garching, near Munich, went into operation in October 1957.
Because the nuclear reactor, which belongs to the University of Munich, resembles an egg, it is nicknamed the "atomic egg".
It was a milestone in Germany's nuclear energy research and a symbol of Germany's resurgence after World War II.
The nuclear reactor, which was used for scientific purposes, remained in operation until 2000.
In 1957, Germany built its first nuclear reactor.
Three years later, in 1960, the first nuclear power plant for civilian use was built in the city of Kahl, on the banks of the Main River in Bavaria.
At that time, atomic energy was widely regarded as both safe and reliable. The 1973 oil crisis gave further impetus to the rapid development of nuclear energy in Germany.
The start of the anti-nuclear movement
Since it has been impossible to find a foolproof way to store nuclear waste, opponents have begun to question whether nuclear energy is really a clean energy source.
Thousands of protesters clashed with police during the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Shihe.
Since the 1970s, plans for the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant have triggered numerous police and civil conflicts.
"Nuclear energy? No, thank you!" has become a rallying cry for environmentalists.
In the 1980s, a new political party, the Green Party, emerged in West Germany. Its members are mainly leftists, pacifists, environmentalists and anti-nuclear forces. In 1983, the Green Party entered the Bundestag.
In 1983, Green Party politicians Gert Bastian and Petra Kelly were elected to the Bundestag.
On March 28, 1979, a serious accident occurred at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania, United States. On April 26, 1986, a reactor at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine, Soviet Union, exploded, causing the worst nuclear disaster in history.
Radiation clouds spread throughout Europe.
The accident also marked a turning point in discussions about nuclear technology in Germany.
At the time, Germany was still divided.
In East Germany under the Communist Party, the public received almost no information about the nuclear accident and its effects.
West Germany, on the other hand, was in a state of confusion and politicians were helpless.
People were unprepared for a nuclear leak, and the government was unable to provide guidelines and response strategies for the time being.
A hastily formed crisis management team was also disbanded shortly afterwards.
The Chernobyl nuclear accident has caused widespread concern in Germany.
People are buying iodine.
A large quantity of fruit, vegetables and milk in the supermarket was ordered to be removed from the shelves because of concerns about nuclear radiation.
Children were banned from playing in the sand pools and citizens were warned not to go out in the rain.
Although the health effects of radiation were not detected in Germany, the accident led to the introduction of nationwide radiation monitoring in Germany, which eventually led to the establishment of the Federal Ministry of the Environment.
Plans to build a nuclear waste treatment plant in the Bavarian town of Wackersdorf have sparked serious riots.
The clashes left several protesters and civil servants dead and hundreds injured.
The project was finally halted in 1989, the first major victory of the German environmental movement.
And...
In 2011, protesters handcuffed themselves to the tracks in an attempt to block trains carrying nuclear waste.
Meanwhile, in northern Germany, Gorleben in Lower Saxony became a symbol of the struggle against nuclear waste, and the town was designated to temporarily store nuclear waste until a permanent storage site was identified.
The first shipment of nuclear waste arrived in the town on 24 April 1995.
A long farewell to nuclear power - Germany's nuclear withdrawal process after many setbacks
In 2001, Schroeder's center-left coalition government of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and the Green Party reached an agreement with major energy companies to phase out nuclear power.
All 19 nuclear power plants in Germany have been given operating timelines and the last one is required to be shut down by 2021.
In 2001, Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder announced that Germany would phase out nuclear power generation.
In 2010, the center-right government led by Chancellor Angela Merkel withdrew the nuclear withdrawal agreement.
It also decided to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants.
However, the third major nuclear accident in the world has caused a change in Germany's nuclear energy policy. On March 11, 2011, the accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan caused by the earthquake and tsunami.
The impact of the accident on Germany is even greater than that of Japan.
As a veteran physicist, German Chancellor Angela Merkel unexpectedly changed her usual stance on nuclear energy policy.
Merkel suddenly announced that the era of nuclear power in Germany will end by the end of 2022. On July 30, 2011, the German Bundestag voted to approve the resolution.
After years of fierce fighting, the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Ishih will finally become history in 2021 after 35 years of operation.
In 2017, Germany decided to start a nationwide search for a safe place to store highly radioactive nuclear waste, with the mission to be completed by 2031.
At the end of 2021, anti-nuclear activists celebrated the closure of a nuclear power plant in North Germany.
Rethinking the nuclear policy.
The war in Ukraine has made Germany anxious to get rid of its energy dependence on Russia, which has also reignited the already ironclad policy of denuclearization.
The coalition leader has spearheaded a proposal to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants to replace natural gas from Russia with nuclear power.
In August 2022, CDU Chairman Meltz and CSU Chairman Soder both put forward the idea of extending the time limit for nuclear power operations.
Christian Lindner, finance minister of the business-oriented Liberal Democratic Party (FDP), immediately backed a return to nuclear power.
His party is junior partner in a centre-left coalition with the Social Democrats (SPD) and the Greens.
The latter will find it difficult to agree to an extension because opposition to nuclear power is one of their core issues.
But in the summer of 2022, no one in Germany completely ruled out that possibility.
LDP finance minister Lindner, who is focused on business interests, was also quick to join the pro-nuclear camp.
But for the Green Party, which is also part of the ruling coalition, the possibility of agreeing to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants is slim, because opposition to nuclear power is their basic principle.
Anything is possible in Germany in 2022.
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Editor: This article was originally published in August 2022
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