### Comprehensive Report on Germany’s Move Away from Nuclear Energy

#### Introduction
Germany’s decision to phase out nuclear energy has been a long-standing and contentious issue, shaped by historical events, public sentiment, and geopolitical pressures.

This report explores the reasons behind Germany's nuclear phase-out, its impact on the energy grid, and how external pressures, particularly the Russian-Ukrainian war, have influenced the situation.

#### Historical Context and Reasons for Nuclear Phase-Out

1.

**Early Anti-Nuclear Sentiment**:
   - The roots of Germany's anti-nuclear movement trace back to the 1970s, leading to the eventual formation of the influential Green Party.

- In 2001, Chancellor Gerhard Schröder announced a plan to phase out nuclear power, marking the beginning of Germany's formal exit from nuclear energy.

**Policy Reversal and Reaffirmation**:
   - In 2010, Chancellor Angela Merkel's government

### Comprehensive Report on Germany’s Move Away from Nuclear Energy

#### Introduction
Germany’s decision to phase out nuclear energy has been a long-standing and contentious issue, shaped by historical events, public sentiment, and geopolitical pressures.

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Content: Pseudo-green policy of Germany isolates the country, says the expert - RIA Novosti, 15.04.2023
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Germany ’ s pseudo-green policy isolates the country, says expert
Expert Damien Ernst: pseudo-green policy deprives Germany of leadership in the EU
© RIA Novosti / Igor Zarembo | Go to the media bankView of the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin
View of the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin.
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BRUSSELS, April 15 – RIA Novosti.
The radical energy policy of Germany and its attempt to impose its vision on partners will only lead to the isolation of Germany from other countries of the European Union, Damien Ernst, a European expert, a lecturer at the University of Liege in Belgium and the Polytechnic Institute in Paris, told RIA Novosti.
Germany will stop on April 15, 2023, the operation of the last three operating German nuclear power plants “Isar-2 ”,“ Neckarwesteim-2 ” and “Emsland ”.
It was originally planned that Germany would abandon nuclear power in 2022, but later plans were changed.
Three of the country ’ s last six nuclear power plants have already been shut down.
Earlier it was reported that the majority of the population did not agree with this decision, while other countries announced their intention to continue or expand the use of nuclear energy.
No guarantees.
The Americans decided to leave Europe without gas
“Today ’ s coalition in Berlin is clearly at the mercy of the Greens, and Germany is making its energy stance more radical, isolating itself from most other EU countries.
Germany is making the wrong decisions and losing leadership in Europe.
Germany will press its partners to impose its costly energy vision.
Many will not support it, ” the expert said.
In his opinion, the energy issue has already become a stumbling block in relations between Germany and France.
“
The "special relationship" between Germany and France is dead.
Chancellor Scholz is going to Beijing without inviting Macron to join him, but the main disagreement is about nuclear energy, "Ernst said.
Against the background of the energy crisis in Europe, Germany ’ s decision will only aggravate the situation.
“Pressure on gas prices will rise again next winter, if you add to this the decision of Germany to end nuclear energy, it will lead to higher prices for all European citizens, ” the expert said.
Russians, out!
Germany wants a nuclear rematch
In addition, according to him, the supposedly green policy of the country will only lead to an increase in carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere, as Germany will have to open new coal and gas power plants instead of closed nuclear power plants.
“
“Renewable sources cannot (produce so much energy – ed.), they are terribly expensive for the sake of very small and unreliable production (energy – ed.) ”, – concludes the expert.
The energy crisis in the European Union worsened in early July 2022, when there were the first interruptions in the supply of gas from Russia to a number of EU countries, including problems with the maintenance of turbines for Nord Stream due to sanctions imposed against the Russian Federation.
The West has increased sanctions pressure on Russia over Ukraine, which has led to higher prices for electricity, fuel and food in Europe and the United States.
Russian President Vladimir Putin has previously said that the policy of containing and weakening Russia is a long-term strategy of the West, and sanctions have dealt a serious blow to the entire world economy.
According to him, the main goal of the West is to worsen the lives of millions of people.
Russia has repeatedly stated that Russia will solve all the problems that the West creates for it.
Repeat the fate of the USSR.
Destroying the European Union from the inside
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Content: World Vision: France and Germany seek to develop EU participation to follow
March 05, 2023 00: 04
Eastern Network Television
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The EU does not regulate the distribution of energy production methods in member countries, and member countries have to make their own plans.
After the Fukushima nuclear plant accident in Japan, France maintained nuclear power generation, while Germany abandoned nuclear development to develop green energy.
In terms of nuclear power, the French Senate approved the construction of 6 to 14 additional nuclear power plants and increased nuclear power to 50% of total energy consumption, in addition to the crisis of natural gas and oil supply shortage caused by sanctions against Russia, the other is that France has not yet developed a high level of green energy, and France will only gradually increase renewable energy after the energy crisis is resolved.
In particular, France has made extraordinary progress in nuclear power production research in recent years, and the research of nuclear power facilities from large to small has been very successful, which is a good guarantee of stable electricity supply, production and employment.
Germany currently relies on lignite and natural gas for 45% of its electricity generation, renewables for 43.9% and nuclear for only 6%.
France relies on fossil fuels for 8.6% of its electricity generation, renewable energy for 24.5%, and nuclear energy for nearly 70%.
Although the Russian-Ukrainian war has strained Germany's current power supply and wants to extend the operation of the nuclear power plant, which was originally scheduled to close in December 2022, it is expected that the nuclear power facilities will be gradually closed, and even increased lignite power generation is now even under popular opposition.
Although France and Germany have developed nuclear energy and green energy respectively, their stability has not been overcome. When the sun is not strong, the wind is insufficient or the nuclear power plant maintenance, especially the demand for electricity in winter is very high, the production will be in short supply, and wind and solar power can not be stored.
Since Germany has also been buying French nuclear power to maintain a sufficient supply, energy experts have ironed that Germany can only allow France to maintain its nuclear facilities on sunny days.
If you look at the figures above, it is clear that Germany is still heavily dependent on fossil fuels, and whether French or German households are generally dependent on coal and oil for heating, the cost of switching to electric heating is enormous.
In terms of capital operation, wind and solar power are mostly dependent on private funds, and the power generated by the facilities can be resold. The responsibility of the government is to acquire and redistribute.
However, even in Germany, there are wind and solar power production needs to be imported into the country's affordable components, and some politicians are worried about relying on China's supply chain for development.
And France in increasing the development of nuclear power plants, there is also the treatment of nuclear waste, but also from the past packaging left in the sea, to now reasonably buried underground, both due to the technical complexity and huge investment, completely dependent on the national lead.
It seems that France will face great challenges in 2050 and Germany in 2045 to become carbon neutral.
However, the efforts and cooperation of the two countries are a reference for the development of the EU member states.
Ph.D., Freie Universität Berlin

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Content: Home / News / World /  Germany quits nuclear power; shuts final 3 plants
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Germany has shut its final three nuclear plants, marking the end of the country's end of nuclear era that has spanned more than 60 years.

Nuclear power has long been contentious in Germany.

The move has come as Germany's eyes achieve its green goal. Steffi Lemke, Germany’s Federal Minister for the Environment and Consumer Protection and a Green Party member, "The position of the German government is clear: nuclear power is not green. Nor is it sustainable".

Closure of three nuclear plant's history:

Germany shut three plants-- Emsland, Isar 2, and Neckarwestheim, representing the culmination of a plan set in motion more than 20 years ago.

During the 1970s, a strong anti-nuclear movement emerged in Germany. The movement gave birth to the green party, which is now part of governing coalition.

However, it was in the 2000s the German government pledged to phase out nuclear power and start shutting down plants.

But in 2009, a new government came to power and it seemed brief as if nuclear would get a reprieve as a bridging technology to help the country move to renewable energy.

Then Fukushima happened. In 2011, an earthquake and tsunami caused three reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant to melt down.

Three days later then-Chancellor Angela Merkel who was previously pro-nuclear, announced Germany would accelerate a nuclear phase-out, with older plants shuttered immediately.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine provided another plot twist.

Germany isn’t the only country committed to walking away from nuclear — Italy gave up the technology in 1990, and Lithuania recently struck a deal to dismantle its Soviet-era reactors, which have sat idle for over a decade. But in many advanced economies, nuclear is experiencing a resurgence.

On Sunday, Finland will start regular power production at Europe’s newest and biggest reactor. The 1,600-megawatt Olkiluoto-3 unit that faced years of delays had been planned to enter commercial production on Monday. France is planning to build at least six new reactors by 2050 as well as experiment with smaller, modular ones. The UK has similar ambitions. And even in Japan, after a decade of paralysis following the nuclear accident in Fukushima, the public is warming up to the use of nuclear power. The Japanese government wants to restart reactors that have sat idle since the disaster and to extend the lifespan of existing units.

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January 7, 07: 28
Pushkov called one decision of Germany, which “broke the backbone ” of relations with Russia
Senator Pushkov: Germany ’ s refusal to supply gas led to a big break with Russia
Germany ’ s decision to refuse gas supplies from Russia via Nord Stream has led to a “big gap ” between Russia and Europe.
This was stated by Senator Alexei Pushkov.
“Germany has broken the backbone of previous relations, abandoning Russian gas that came to it through the Nord Stream, ” he wrote in a telegram channel.
Pushkov stressed that the explosions on the gas pipelines put an end to even the theoretical possibility of resuming the transit of blue fuel to Germany.
In addition, according to the politician, the termination of Russian gas supplies to Germany, which previously served as the basis of “special relations ” between the countries even during the Cold War, throws the situation back about 50 years, when Moscow and Berlin signed a gas – pipe agreement.
Earlier, Life said that Germany had failed a plan to switch to renewable energy sources.
The reason lies in the stagnation of the expansion of wind energy and the lack of necessary energy storage facilities.
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Content: Germany ’ s last three nuclear power plants may be delayed
In light of the potential energy crisis in Europe in the winter, officials revealed that Germany intends to delay the decommissioning of the last three nuclear plants in the country, although it will only temporarily prolong the life of the plants, but it marks the first time that Germany has deviated from the energy policy introduced in the millennium and has so far been enshrined by almost all parties.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) quoted senior officials as saying that German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has not yet formally adopted the proposal to delay the discharge, and if it is decided to do so, there are technical and legal issues, including passing through parliament.
The cabinet is currently discussing some details, and while it will have to wait for the results of the energy demand assessment in the coming weeks to come to a conclusion, officials have revealed that everything is almost a foregone conclusion.
The last three nuclear plants in Germany were due to be decommissioned on December 31, and the government reportedly believes that a temporary delay would require two conditions: Germany is likely to suffer from a natural gas shortage and there are no safety concerns about keeping nuclear reactors in operation.
The shift in German policy underscores the shock of Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine to European political circles, especially Germany, which has been closely tied to Russia ’ s economy and has long relied on Russian gas supplies.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he began to increase military spending, send weapons to Ukraine, break years of pacifism, supply arms to conflict zones, the latest energy policy shift, and involve the almost sacred issue of “nuclear abolition ” in German politics.
The German economy ministry, which dominates energy policy, declined to comment on the report, saying only that it all depends on the outcome of an assessment of Germany ’ s energy needs.
The remaining three nuclear power plants account for about 6% of Germany's electricity generation, and if they continue to supply power, they will not have to use natural gas or coal-fired power to fill the gap, allowing some areas to continue to have natural gas.
In some parts of Germany, huge coal-fired power plants have resumed operations in response to a potential power outage from a Russian supply cut in June, disrupting Germany ’ s progress so far in reducing carbon and fighting air pollution.
The German government has drawn up two executive orders on how to reduce natural gas and energy consumption over the next two years.
Energy authorities estimate that Germany will need to reduce its use of natural gas by 20% in order to avoid a shortage of natural gas this winter and next.
It is unclear when the German authorities may extend the discharge period, with some officials offering a few months, but the ruling Liberal Democrats believe it should be extended to 2024.
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How did the German model achieve an unbearable energy transition war across the sea?
【 By Fu Guanqi 】
Environmental awareness, green energy production has always been regarded as the world's superior Germany, but because of a Ukrainian-Russian war, let the bright achievements behind the unfinished business, exposed to the world.
Is this general review of energy security, ignited by war, a crisis or a turning point for Germany, which rose from the ashes of World War II? Can Germany break through the status quo and turn into a new model for a sustainable economy in the future?
Or is it a death on the road to transformation? How can Taiwan find its future direction from this “energy transition war ”?
Just after Christmas, for many Dodd families, the most wanted Christmas gift may be a heat pump to make the whole family better through the winter.
Unlike the tens of millions of domestic heating systems in Germany that still use natural gas or oil as fuel, heat pumps are powered by electricity, which can be seen as "reverse air conditioning", which has a higher thermal conversion efficiency and symbolizes energy access at a lower price.
The energy crisis caused by the Russo-Ukrainian War has become a watershed in the price of energy in Germany.
The past dependence on Russia to import a large amount of cheap energy can not be returned, and the international carbon pricing mechanism is increasingly complete, which has led Germany to realize that only green energy is the way to reduce energy prices again.
The "Vision" team traveled to Germany, in-depth interviews and observed that the consensus that permeates German society today is: "There is not much time for the energy transition, and we must accelerate progress."
German Green Party MP Till Steffen, who visited Taiwan in 2022, told Visionary that "this' energy crisis' has accelerated the 'energy transition' and become a priority for the government."
German Economy Accelerates Greening, Renewable Energy Becomes National Security Foundation
This is not just a matter of paper. At the end of 2022, Germany inaugurated the country ’ s first liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminal.
Germany decided last spring to build it, and it could be completed in a few months. “This is super fast for Germany, ” Steffen said.“ We need to scale up renewable energy at the same rate. ”
If you make decisions at the slow pace of your past habits, you won ’ t be able to achieve the goals you set. ”
In the past, far less ambitious than the Green Party ’ s liberal finance minister, Christian Lindner, has also designated renewable energy as “free energy ”, emphasizing its function to enhance Germany ’ s energy security and economic independence.
In this context, the two pillars of the energy transition, "switching to renewable energy" and "improving energy efficiency", have also become the top priorities of enterprises in the country.
Even the German machine tool manufacturer MAG, a pioneer of Industry 4.0, has re-examined energy conservation and is preparing to install solar panels on its plant.
“Many investment plans are being reevaluated because of higher energy prices, ” explains Sebastian Schoning, MAG ’ s head of Europe & Americas.“ Many investments that were previously unprofitable are now justified. ”
Solar panels that can be used for their own use and can be sold for electricity have been greatly shortened, and with tax incentives, large and small businesses and families have been selling out; installation technicians are so hot that waiting in line has become a new normal in the last few months.
Yen Chien-ho, general manager of the German branch of FSP, which has been operating solar energy storage business for more than six years from Taiwan, revealed that the green energy product line is already the main revenue of the company, and it is estimated that by 2023, solar related products can grow by 50%.
Quanhan also saw the business opportunities of green energy vehicles in Europe and decided to set up a new R & D center in Germany to attack customized charging devices.
Another Taiwanese company that has been working in Germany for ten years, Servo Press Co., Ltd. is also favored by European customers due to the fact that the product consumes about 50% less power than traditional presses, and is expected to double its business performance in 2023.
Germany has been driving the energy transition for decades. The driving force of this energy crisis is mainly reflected in the change of mentality and the re-calculation of business interests.
First, in terms of mentality, Germany used to import about 60% of its energy, and is more heavily dependent on cheap fossil fuels from Russia.
However, when energy is no longer so readily available, it has also greatly changed the German society's view of energy: in the past, everyone saw renewable energy as a threat to the stability of electricity supply, and now it is an important basis for protecting national security.
Second, in the eyes of enterprises, green energy has become the only energy source that can maintain long-term competitiveness.
"We all know that there is no future for fossil fuels," said Markus Rosenthal, director of government relations at the German Association for Energy Storage Systems. He cited the withdrawal of Allianz, Germany 's largest insurance company, and the active investment of major banks in decarbonization technology as examples. The effect of greening the German economy is greater than anyone else. "
Many may have heard of Germany ’ s Energiewende vision after the Fukushima disaster.
But such a concept has taken root in Germany ’ s anti-nuclear movement since the 1970s.
Since then, the Green Party movement has developed with the greatest political influence in the world.
GREEN ENERGY GREEN ENERGY CHALLENGE 1: Lack of work, insufficient capacity of Northern Power South
The Renewable Energy Act (EEG), which came into force in 2000, made Germany the first major economy to promote renewable energy.
Over the next 20 years, the proportion of renewable energy supply has grown significantly from 6% to 46%, and this remarkable achievement has become an international model case for promoting energy transformation.
However, the model of the period of peace seems to be unable to withstand the test of war, and Germany still fell into the dilemma of energy crisis in the Russo-Ukrainian War.
Russia ’ s invasion of Ukraine and the weaponization of energy are certainly uncontrollable factors.
But the German society's caution against nuclear energy has also made Germany more dependent on relatively clean natural gas during the period of phasing out coal.
“We are over-reliant on fossil fuels and the development of renewable energy over the past few years has been too slow, ” said Malte Kuper, energy and climate policy researcher at the German Institute for Economic Research (IW).“ We must accelerate the correction of the structural errors of energy policy over the past decade. ”
Wilhelm Kiewitt, Director of Energy Economics at 50Hertz, a German power grid company, said: “We are vigorously promoting the construction of renewable energy, but we have not updated the grid infrastructure and have not ensured that the design of the electricity market is compatible.
As a result, the energy transition is not doing well. ”
Wind power located on the northern coast of Germany has so far been difficult to reach the industrial heartland of the south because the government has spent too much time coordinating with the residents of the south to accept high-voltage cables cutting through their beautiful landscapes.
The lack of capacity of Northern Power South has become a key missing piece in the German energy puzzle.
In addition, the political lobbying power of fossil fuel companies and strict regulations on onshore wind power have also slowed down the pace of transformation in Germany.
A few months ago, there was a demolition of nearby windmills to expand coal mines in North Wales. Although the efficiency of these windmills was low and they were expected to be rebuilt and upgraded, environmentalists criticized this as a retrograde policy in the midst of the energy crisis.
But the lack of urgency may be the key factor in Germany ’ s gradual deviation from its goal.
According to the German government ’ s 2021 forecast, all sectors, from energy, industry and agriculture, will not be able to meet the 2030 climate goals on the basis of current carbon reduction actions.
In terms of new technology, even if Germany began hydrogen energy research more than 30 years ago, it has not been able to enter the expansion.
Thomas Hilig, founder of THEnergy in Germany and a hydrogen energy consultant, pointed out that “we have studied hydrogen energy thoroughly and want to know everything. ”
But it may be possible to start expanding sooner.
Indeed, now is the time to launch the app. ”
The impact of high energy prices and increasingly extreme weather have become a reality in Germany, forcing the country, accustomed to sound and prudent action, to admit its mistakes and shortcomings and accelerate the progress of the energy transition.
The question is, is it in time?
Opening a recent German newspaper will find that a crisis is not necessarily a turning point.
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which account for 99% of the total number of German enterprises, are struggling, and many companies may not be able to survive.
A survey of companies released by the German Chamber of Commerce and Industry (DIHK) in the summer of 2022 shows that due to high energy prices, 1 / 4 of enterprises have completed the deployment of production reduction, 1 / 4 have reduced the scale of operations, and the remaining half have not yet begun to act, and are still thinking about the corresponding steps.
At present, the German government has finalized a nearly 100 billion euro energy bill subsidy plan, but Asha Maria Sharma, deputy director of digital services at the Foreign Trade and Investment Agency, believes that financial subsidies are only part of the solution, companies must think about how to use AI, data analysis and other technologies to save energy, in order to remain competitive in the future when energy prices are higher.
However, the resources and financial power of SMEs are not as good as those of multinational enterprises, and it is not easy to face inflation, interest rate hikes, the impact on the dollar exchange rate and energy prices, and to devote more efforts to long-term investment layout.
For example, when the Covid-19 pandemic spread, Alexander Krug, the public relations manager in charge of the Berlin Digital Center for SMEs, observed that about a third of SMEs were suspending or even cancelling strategic digital investments that would bear fruit in the medium to long term.
Moreover, in the global semiconductor shortage, many small and medium-sized enterprises are competing for similar chips with the government-supported renewable energy industry, as well as Germany ’ s powerful automotive industry.
In terms of money and resources, it is difficult to win.
Cooper said that in the long term, the energy crisis can be an accelerator of the energy transition.
But for an industrial powerhouse like Germany, which has a high proportion of energy-intensive industries, there is also a risk that “industry may decline before the green energy transition is complete. ”
Many homes waiting for solar panel technicians to install their doors also reveal another risk: lack of work.
“If you ask a business, what ’ s the biggest question about operations? Almost every time the answer is, ‘ We need people. ’ ”
Especially in the areas of green energy and digital technology, which are crucial to driving transformation, there is a particular lack of technical talent.
Many countries in Europe have a shortage of jobs.
However, in the manufacturing sector, more than 40% of enterprises in Germany are understaffed.
In comparison, France is less than 25%, and Italy and Spain are less than 10%.
Even the director of the German public broadcaster said recently: "We have to recruit people from all over the world... even the German level of the candidates is not so important."
As long as I work hard, I don ’ t worry too much that they can only speak a few words of German. ”
GREEN ENERGY GREEN ENERGY CHALLENGE 2: Higher energy costs, the United States proposed a bill to reduce inflation and siphon off international investment
The evolution of the international situation has also made the adverse situation worse.
The European war is still raging, the epidemic is still hazy, and the tensions between the United States and China have caused Germany, formerly the beneficiary of free trade and international supply chains, to reverse the situation and increase the pressure.
In particular, in August 2022, the United States passed the $369 billion Inflation Reduction Act, proposing a simpler and more attractive subsidy specification than the European Union, which is likely to siphon off more international investment at a time when Germany urgently needs to accelerate the expansion of renewable energy.
Some scholars wonder whether Germany will be able to complete the energy transition that it failed to achieve during a period of relative stability in the face of many challenges.
Only recently did Germany significantly expand public spending to help society weather the epidemic. To date, it has allocated more than 260 billion euros in response to the energy crisis.
This is almost 7% of national GDP, well above the EU average of 83 billion euros.
Meanwhile, Germany is still trying to boost its defense budget to 2% of GDP.
Even if the money is relatively abundant, it is also pressure.
Reinhard Biedermann, a professor in the Department of Global Political Economy at Tamkang University, pointed out that to develop enough renewable energy to replace traditional energy sources requires a lot of investment, manpower and even land, which Germany cannot do at the same time.
“The energy crisis is really an opportunity to expand renewable energy.
But turning the crisis into a turning point is not so simple.
Germany depends not only on imports of fossil fuels, but also on imports of renewable energy.
After the decline of the German solar industry, about 95% of the domestic solar cells are manufactured in China.
Nordex shut down Germany ’ s last wind turbine turnstile plant in June 2022, taking into account costs, causing observers to worry that the wind energy industry may be heading toward a fate similar to that of the solar industry.
Steffen said that due to competition from China, the German solar industry has lost a lot of intellectual and political power, and now is the time to reinvigorate the domestic solar value chain.
“We still have capacity in wind energy, but we can ’ t find a market in our country because Chinese products are cheaper, ” Steffen said.
In some ways, the energy crisis is just beginning.
As the Visionary team rode a high-speed rail at a speed of nearly 300 kilometers across the edge of Germany ’ s beloved forest, they were greeted by rotating fans, solar panels laid on the roof of the building, and high-voltage power towers that transmit electricity over a long distance.
This has gradually become a familiar daily scene in German society.
At this point, it may be seen as an important milestone in the final completion of Germany ’ s energy transition, but it may also be the starting point for the decline of German industry.
Looking back at the challenges of the pandemic, companies in Dodd all agree that agility, flexibility and flexibility are essential skills to survive in the current changing environment.
In particular, German industry contributes more than a quarter of the country ’ s GDP, which is higher than developed countries such as France, the United Kingdom and the United States.
But strengthening the high-priced “Made in Germany ” brand with performance, quality and stability is threatened by higher energy costs.
Steffen acknowledged that many Dodd companies use cheap Russian energy to produce and then sell their products at high prices to the U.S. and mid-market.
This is similar to the common pattern in Taiwan.
Taiwan 's green energy students > risk assessment first, transformation needs to think about the overall order
Sucheta Govil, chief commercial officer of Covestro, observed that energy is already a global issue and resource constraints are becoming the foreseeable future. “Even if you are in Asia, energy prices are still cheap, but price increases are reflected in the supply chain. ”
This advantage is diluted by rising raw material costs, even if Germany considers itself to be of excellent mechanical engineering quality. ”
Even if Germany has only recently begun to cope with the energy crisis, the effectiveness of the policy measures will have to wait for time to prove, and there are still lessons for Taiwan.
First, understand your energy security and independence and conduct a risk assessment.
Leonard believes that encouraging energy conservation by raising energy prices and using this income to invest more in renewable energy is worth considering.
“Explaining to people the higher energy costs they pay will help develop renewable energy and improve energy security. ”
Second, think about the sequence of measures for the energy transition as a whole, and put limited resources in the right place at the right time.
Hans-Joachim Ziesing, a former energy transition consultant for Germany ’ s Future Energy Plan, shared that one of Germany ’ s mistakes was to set a good goal and vision before developing policies to be achieved.
A better approach might be to take a practical approach, clarify the quantitative benefits that each policy can bring, and determine that cross-party consensus can be reached to move forward together.
It is also important to continuously monitor the performance of data and to be accountable to all departments.
Hiliger observed that Germany ’ s national hydrogen energy strategy in 2020 shows that officials have learned from the siting of renewable energy and energy transportation.
“Many projects take production and consumption into account as a whole, for example, by making good use of existing construction, refurbishing natural gas pipelines to become hydrogen pipelines, rather than placing electrolytic tanks next to wind power plants. ”
Preparing businesses and citizens to move away from fossil fuels
Finally, it is the continuation of the momentum of social change.
In the past, Germany saw natural gas as a “bridging energy ” to connect fossil fuels with renewable energy; now, losing its main source of natural gas imports, it has had to restart coal plants and lease liquid-gas receiving stations.
After doing so, it may be harder to get rid of them in the future.
Ideally, when the hydrogen energy market matures, Germany can renovate this batch of liquid natural gas receiving stations into hydrogen energy receiving stations.
But the two are different energy sources after all, and the renovation will be another expense.
Whether it can be developed according to the plan is still uncertain.
After the government finalizes the energy subsidy policy, from the beginning of 2023 to April 2024, 80% of the bill will be protected by the price cap, and users will only pay 20% of the current price.
This will change people ’ s interest.
How to make good use of the incentive mechanism to encourage society to continue to promote energy conservation and transformation at the household, business and infrastructure levels is also a big test.
Although Taiwan, which has a higher industrial share than Germany, has yet to personally feel the waves of the European energy crisis, it will be crucial to be as prepared and adapted as possible to the future of higher fossil fuel prices before the price protection umbrella for long-term contracts ends.
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Content: Read the history of the moment: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power? | German News | DW | 14.04.2023
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Read the history of the present: why is Germany so entangled in nuclear power?
Germany was proud of its nuclear power generation technology, but at the same time the technology has been so controversial that it has finally decided that April 15, 2023 is the date of withdrawal from nuclear power.
However, as the energy crisis caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war continues to intensify, the wisdom of the decision to say goodbye to nuclear energy has been widely discussed.
Germany ’ s nuclear policy is in dispute again
It all started with an "egg" - Germany's first nuclear reactor in Garching, near Munich, went into operation in October 1957.
Because the nuclear reactor, which belongs to the University of Munich, resembles an egg, it is nicknamed the "atomic egg".
It was a milestone in Germany's nuclear energy research and a symbol of Germany's resurgence after World War II.
The nuclear reactor, which was used for scientific purposes, remained in operation until 2000.
In 1957, Germany built its first nuclear reactor.
Three years later, in 1960, the first nuclear power plant for civilian use was built in the city of Kahl, on the banks of the Main River in Bavaria.
At that time, atomic energy was widely regarded as both safe and reliable. The 1973 oil crisis gave further impetus to the rapid development of nuclear energy in Germany.
The start of the anti-nuclear movement
Since it has been impossible to find a foolproof way to store nuclear waste, opponents have begun to question whether nuclear energy is really a clean energy source.
Thousands of protesters clashed with police during the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Shihe.
Since the 1970s, plans for the construction of the Brockdorf nuclear power plant have triggered numerous police and civil conflicts.
"Nuclear energy? No, thank you!" has become a rallying cry for environmentalists.
In the 1980s, a new political party, the Green Party, emerged in West Germany. Its members are mainly leftists, pacifists, environmentalists and anti-nuclear forces. In 1983, the Green Party entered the Bundestag.
In 1983, Green Party politicians Gert Bastian and Petra Kelly were elected to the Bundestag.
On March 28, 1979, a serious accident occurred at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania, United States. On April 26, 1986, a reactor at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine, Soviet Union, exploded, causing the worst nuclear disaster in history.
Radiation clouds spread throughout Europe.
The accident also marked a turning point in discussions about nuclear technology in Germany.
At the time, Germany was still divided.
In East Germany under the Communist Party, the public received almost no information about the nuclear accident and its effects.
West Germany, on the other hand, was in a state of confusion and politicians were helpless.
People were unprepared for a nuclear leak, and the government was unable to provide guidelines and response strategies for the time being.
A hastily formed crisis management team was also disbanded shortly afterwards.
The Chernobyl nuclear accident has caused widespread concern in Germany.
People are buying iodine.
A large quantity of fruit, vegetables and milk in the supermarket was ordered to be removed from the shelves because of concerns about nuclear radiation.
Children were banned from playing in the sand pools and citizens were warned not to go out in the rain.
Although the health effects of radiation were not detected in Germany, the accident led to the introduction of nationwide radiation monitoring in Germany, which eventually led to the establishment of the Federal Ministry of the Environment.
Plans to build a nuclear waste treatment plant in the Bavarian town of Wackersdorf have sparked serious riots.
The clashes left several protesters and civil servants dead and hundreds injured.
The project was finally halted in 1989, the first major victory of the German environmental movement.
And...
In 2011, protesters handcuffed themselves to the tracks in an attempt to block trains carrying nuclear waste.
Meanwhile, in northern Germany, Gorleben in Lower Saxony became a symbol of the struggle against nuclear waste, and the town was designated to temporarily store nuclear waste until a permanent storage site was identified.
The first shipment of nuclear waste arrived in the town on 24 April 1995.
A long farewell to nuclear power - Germany's nuclear withdrawal process after many setbacks
In 2001, Schroeder's center-left coalition government of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and the Green Party reached an agreement with major energy companies to phase out nuclear power.
All 19 nuclear power plants in Germany have been given operating timelines and the last one is required to be shut down by 2021.
In 2001, Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder announced that Germany would phase out nuclear power generation.
In 2010, the center-right government led by Chancellor Angela Merkel withdrew the nuclear withdrawal agreement.
It also decided to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants.
However, the third major nuclear accident in the world has caused a change in Germany's nuclear energy policy. On March 11, 2011, the accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan caused by the earthquake and tsunami.
The impact of the accident on Germany is even greater than that of Japan.
As a veteran physicist, German Chancellor Angela Merkel unexpectedly changed her usual stance on nuclear energy policy.
Merkel suddenly announced that the era of nuclear power in Germany will end by the end of 2022. On July 30, 2011, the German Bundestag voted to approve the resolution.
After years of fierce fighting, the Brockdorf nuclear power plant in the state of Ishih will finally become history in 2021 after 35 years of operation.
In 2017, Germany decided to start a nationwide search for a safe place to store highly radioactive nuclear waste, with the mission to be completed by 2031.
At the end of 2021, anti-nuclear activists celebrated the closure of a nuclear power plant in North Germany.
Rethinking the nuclear policy.
The war in Ukraine has made Germany anxious to get rid of its energy dependence on Russia, which has also reignited the already ironclad policy of denuclearization.
The coalition leader has spearheaded a proposal to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants to replace natural gas from Russia with nuclear power.
In August 2022, CDU Chairman Meltz and CSU Chairman Soder both put forward the idea of extending the time limit for nuclear power operations.
Christian Lindner, finance minister of the business-oriented Liberal Democratic Party (FDP), immediately backed a return to nuclear power.
His party is junior partner in a centre-left coalition with the Social Democrats (SPD) and the Greens.
The latter will find it difficult to agree to an extension because opposition to nuclear power is one of their core issues.
But in the summer of 2022, no one in Germany completely ruled out that possibility.
LDP finance minister Lindner, who is focused on business interests, was also quick to join the pro-nuclear camp.
But for the Green Party, which is also part of the ruling coalition, the possibility of agreeing to extend the operating time of nuclear power plants is slim, because opposition to nuclear power is their basic principle.
Anything is possible in Germany in 2022.
Can nuclear power be a climate savior?
Editor: This article was originally published in August 2022
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This report explores the reasons behind Germany's nuclear phase-out, its impact on the energy grid, and how external pressures, particularly the Russian-Ukrainian war, have influenced the situation.

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Germany wants to scrap nuclear waste coal, rely on Russian natural gas supply, the United States and Russia to compete for the energy market
[Ming Pao News] Nord Stream 2 is a natural gas pipeline from western Russia to northeastern Germany, which is 1,200 kilometers long. It was expected to be opened in the middle of this year.
Germany and Europe are the main exporters of Russian natural gas. During the Ukraine crisis, Nord Stream 2 was placed at the negotiating table, which public opinion said was Putin ’ s fear and Germany ’ s only leverage.
However, since Russian natural gas is also Germany's energy lifeline, Prime Minister Scholz has also been reluctant to sanction the Russian side with this.
Recently, some German politicians proposed to reduce dependence on Russia, in the country gradually eliminate nuclear waste coal, want to achieve "net zero emissions" before 2045, what choice?
Lip and Tooth Dependent Historical Origins
About 80% of Russian natural gas is exported to Europe, accounting for about 40% of Europe ’ s natural gas demand.
In Germany, natural gas accounted for about 27% of energy consumption last year, of which about 32% came from Russia.
If Nord Stream 2 goes live, Russia could double its natural gas supply to Europe.
Germany and Russia are now closely intertwined. Stefan Auer, Associate Professor of European Studies at HKU, and Alexey Maslov, Dean of the Faculty of Asian and African Studies at Moscow University, point to several turning points to explain why Germany has become the main agent of Russian gas throughout Europe.
Moreover, this is not just a cooperation between the two countries, but also involves German companies, large and small, and investors.
1969: Pipeline for natural gas
Former Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko visited West Germany and proposed economic cooperation.
West German Chancellor Willy Brandt also pursued a policy of reconciliation with the East, with the strategy of “through trade transformation ” (Wandel durch Handel).
West Germany became a rare Western partner for the Soviet Union, with West Germany building steel pipelines and the Soviet Union supplying natural gas. The contract was signed the following year, which was regarded as the most politically important East-West agreement of the Cold War.
1973: Business cooperation
Ruhrgas AG purchases natural gas from the Soviet Union through East Germany and then expands its natural gas supply to other European countries.
Over the next few decades, Russian gas company Gazprom ’ s ties with German companies grew, extending to cultural exchanges, such as art exhibitions and sponsorship of art institutions, which Maslov said went beyond commercial cooperation. Auer said Willy Brandt ’ s conciliatory ideas continued to influence left-wing German politicians and intellectuals, who saw these shifts as contributing to the end of the Cold War and the end of communism in Europe.
2006: Development of Nord Stream
After the Cold War, more Dodd companies joined the investment in Russian and German natural gas projects, including chemical giant BASF and industrial giant Siemens.
The Nord Stream project was established in 2006, which Maslov described as "an extension of existing cooperation".
Line 1 opened in 2011.
In 2013, Gazprom and Germany ’ s Verbundnetz Gas signed an agreement on cooperation in oil and gas technology until 2030. Auer argued that Schörtz ’ s avoidance of talks on the operational Nord Stream 1 and the non-operational 2 was due to the huge compensation to be paid to the joint venture if the government suspended the project for political reasons.
1.
Private projects or diplomatic tools?
Gas is seen as a weapon of diplomacy, allowing Russia to provide accumulated foreign exchange in response to Western sanctions.
Despite opposition from its European neighbors, two German prime ministers, Merkel and Schörtz, have insisted that Nord Stream 2 is a private project.
Russia:
From the perspective of Gazprom, the Russian natural gas company, Maslov pointed out that the government directly or indirectly owns 50.23% of the shares, mainly represented by the Federal State Property Administration, so from a structural point of view, it is a state-owned company.
He stressed that the role of the government is to provide funds, and there is no such thing as a gold stock system (that is, state-owned shareholders have more voting rights), and the decision-making is the responsibility of the board of directors.
However, it has recently been reported that former German Chancellor Schroeder will become a member of the board of directors, causing controversy.
Germany:
"(called a private project) is undoubtedly a convenient way to avoid the problem of war."
Daniel Marwecki, a German lecturer in the Department of Politics and Public Administration at HKU, said that after World War II Germany learned to avoid war and that its defence was dependent on the United States: “So peaceful relations with Russia are very important. ”
Economic cooperation is easier to achieve and is also a bargaining chip to avoid war.
Geographically, if Eastern Europe goes to war, Germany is closer to the battlefield than Britain and the United States: "For Germany, it is very important to avoid war by all means, especially nuclear war." In addition, Britain and France have developed other sources of energy, including nuclear energy, only Germany has increased its dependence on Russia in view of the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
He said this was not a problem when the United States was strong and the post-Cold War order was stable: “The economic needs of Germany and Russia offset each other. ”
But now the attitude of the Russian side has changed sharply, and the situation in Germany is worrying.
2.
The United States agrees with Russia.
Biden once threatened Russia at North Stream 2, but Schörtz, who was next to him, did not show support, indicating that virtue is divided. Maslov said that the United States has rarely interfered in Europe-Russia energy relations in the past, this time clearly out of economic "separation", playing a war card to undermine Europe-Russia commercial contracts, and by attacking the European gas market to become a supplier.
But he pointed out that neither Germany nor the United States can replace Russia's natural gas supply.
He also noted that Biden recently said that once a war, the United States will not send troops, only sanctions, "that is, the United States does not want to involve in the military, only wants to pressure the Russian side from the economy."
He believes Biden is not bluffing, but if Nord Stream 2 is suspended, Germany will lose more than Russia.
German public opinion favors buying Russian energy
Germany stands on the same side as Russia on the US stand. Marwecki said that the German mainstream actually supports Nord Stream 2, and even is comfortable with the status quo. "The more the United States criticizes Germany's dependence on Russia, the more the Germans want to maintain this dependence."
Due to the casualties caused by the German invasion of Russia during World War II, the Germans are now generally more accepting of Russia.
He said that the German world view is simple, only want cheap energy and exports, the most ideal situation is: trade, exports, no war, just as the Sino-German relationship is that German companies make cars in China and sell a large number of cars to China.
"There is some foreground behind it, because the German defense is mainly dependent on the United States."
However, the coalition government is divided, the Green Party is a cautious internationalist and ideological, like the new Green Party foreign minister Baerbock against Nord Stream 2, stand close to the United States.
But Schörtz's Social Democrats were more pragmatic, knowing that shelving Nord Stream 2 would cost Germany.
At present, the strategy adopted by Germany is to avoid talking about it, and expect the situation to cool down, and then launch the Nord Stream 2, which is already ready.
3.
If Russia loses Europe, there will still be China.
Russia is the third largest natural gas supplier to China, and the two sides also jointly mine gas fields in the Arctic, including the Marr Peninsula.
Last year, China signed a new gas contract with Russian energy company Novatek for a period of 15 years.
Maslov said that although China has set carbon reduction targets, but at the same time knows that it is not realistic, so in recent years, it has taken the initiative to speed up Sino-Russian energy cooperation to supply gas to the northeast and Xinjiang.
"This is part of Sino-Russian cooperation, so we call it strategic cooperation, not just to supply oil and gas to China."
He added that Russia, facing competition from other Central Asian countries such as Turkmenistan, has gone through a “painful price process ” with China, and the final price is not as low as expected.“ All gas contracts are for the future and may become cheaper in the future. ”
China-Russia Energy Cooperation Continues to Be Important in European Market
Maslov believes that even if China becomes a major export market, Russia will not cut off supply to Europe to maintain competitive market relations. “It is not ideal to work only with China, so I think Russia will try to restore cooperation with Germany. ”
4.
Energy autonomy is difficult.
Natural gas is the transition fuel of the "European Green New Deal". Robert Habeck, a member of the Green Party and the German Minister of Economy and Climate, recently said that the geopolitical situation forced Germany to think about other natural gas supplies, so as not to become a "game piece".
But Marwecki said that the import of natural gas from Russia or the United States would become a political chip. “Energy has always been a political weapon, and imagine that if there were another person like Trump, it would be the same. ”
European countries are actively exploring renewable energy, but full independence is still a long way away, and the only way to maximize local production and supply is to maximize local capacity.
Germany plans to build liquefied natural gas receiving terminals, regulate the natural gas reserves of energy companies and develop clean energy sources such as hydrogen.
He said the Green Party is vague about this, that Germany wants to abolish nuclear power and reduce coal consumption, "they have not answered where to get enough renewable energy." The current government insists on abolishing the nuclear route, Auer said: "In my view, it is a wrong strategy."
Because the crisis in Ukraine exposed the limitations of dependence on Russia: “With Russia ’ s track record, environmental protection will not improve anywhere if it is allowed to have more geopolitical influence. ”
In a world dominated by China and Russia, Europe will face more pressing problems.
""
Europe is alienated from Russia.
Maslov also believes that the renewable energy developed in Europe is not enough to shake up the status of Russia, he cited China as an example: "China was the first to promote wind power, but even the electricity of small cities can not be satisfied." Greece, Portugal, France and others are developing renewable energy, but it is a drop in the bucket.
Therefore, he believes that neither France nor Germany ’ s “clear-headed politicians ” want to distance themselves from Russia, and he believes that the West still has to rely on natural gas and other purification technologies and regulatory measures to achieve its carbon reduction goals.
However, he pointed out that there is a huge gap between business and political needs in Europe, and the stalemate between Europe and Russia will continue for at least three to five years, and it will be difficult in the short term to return to the close relationship that it was 10 years ago.
However, with the exchange of natural gas and oil technology between the two sides and the opening of the Nord Stream 2 and its surrounding pipeline construction, Russia can still secure its position as a natural gas supplier with price and production advantages.
5.
The two countries' hearts.
Maslov said Russia has only two goals: to participate in European political and security decisions; and to prevent NATO from expanding eastward.
Russia sees itself as a member of Europe and is not content to be a mere supplier of oil and gas, but has for years been “sidelined ” by Europe when discussing issues in Ukraine, Crimea and the Donbas region.
“Russia ’ s position was clearly accepted under Hillary [as secretary of state], but it has deteriorated since the late Obama administration, especially during the Trump years, ” he said. He believes that this is the main reason for Russia to“ move from the West to the East ” and draw closer to China, making it clear that it is impossible to rebuild relations with the United States or Europe.
The advantage of Sino-Russian cooperation is that the two have their own plans. The former has a "Belt and Road" and the latter advocates "Greater Europe and Asia", which do not overlap and conflict, but share common values and goals.
He noted that at the Sino-Russian summit earlier this month, the two countries began to talk about democracy, military and cyber security, as well as a joint defense against Western sanctions.
“All the actions of the United States have taken us to a new world, to become more regional. ”
As for Germany, Marwecki said that the whole country has a pacifist tendency, and the society is more tolerant of Russia than other European countries.
At the same time, the government is full of opinions, including the transatlantic camp, the United States camp, the German independent camp, the Social Democratic Party and the Green Party also hold different positions on the power struggle.
But there is no doubt that this is the moment of maximum military deployment in Europe after World War II, and a major crisis after Schörz came to power. Under the constraints of a joint government, he felt that Schörz was doing what he could, including showing in Washington that Germany was on the side of the West, and in Moscow ’ s insistence on resolving problems diplomatically. "It is our damned responsibility to avoid war in Europe," he said.
by Vincent Leung
{Photo} Provided by respondents, Gazprom website, Agence France-Presse
{Art} Chang Yu-chi
{edit} Au Yang Dezhi
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Navigating the green horizon: NATO’s emission reduction initiatives and the pursuit of sustainability

Climate change is widely acknowledged as one of the most pressing issues today. As time passes, the environmental repercussions and global impact of greenhouse gas emissions grow increasingly apparent, leaving no alternative but to act. All industrial and commercial sectors must work together to drastically minimise their effect on our planet and avoid a global disaster. This encompasses the long-ignored global military industry, including its supply chain, which uses enormous amounts of fossil fuels and accounts for a significant portion of government spending. As a result, military greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions must be thoroughly documented and subject to emission reduction targets. While NATO is crucial for global peace and security, the environmental consequences of its military actions must be recognised. NATO, with its obligations and convening power, may be able to push its partners to agree on enforceable emissions targets and report on them, but only if it sets a good example in and by itself. Recent geopolitical tensions have removed the need to consider the creative energy industry and adapt to various fuel types. Indeed, fuel shortages resulting from the Russian-Ukrainian war and Russia’s use of gas as political leverage have emphasised the urgency to address this issue.

About the Author

Gloria Bertasini is a Legal Researcher at Finabel.

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Content: There were 1,305 press releases posted in the last 24 hours and 400,286 in the last 365 days.

Energy Challenges: Global and Ukrainian Realities, and Ways to Overcome Them, Denys Kostrzhevskyi

Denys Kostrzhevskyi

KYIV, UKRAINE, July 23, 2024 /EINPresswire.com/ -- Power outages in Ukraine are becoming regular due to large-scale attacks on the energy system by Russia. The Economist reported that due to the extensive destruction and lack of funding for rapid recovery, the electricity shortage will remain large, and Ukraine has lost a total of about 90% of its generating capacity.

Global Electricity Situation
Abnormal heat around the world creates additional risks of power outages. According to Bloomberg, hotter summers significantly increase the demand for cooling, as well as increasing the risk of forest fires due to overheating of wires.

‘Unstable supplies and growing consumption may lead to blackouts, as was the case in Montenegro and neighbouring countries. Incidents related to high temperatures also occurred in Ecuador and India, affecting both developed and developing countries’, Denys Kostrzhevskyi, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Kyiv International Airport and Vice President of the European Facilitation Platform (EFP), says.

Impact of Climate Change on Power Grids
Climatic changes increase the vulnerability of power grids to various natural disasters: floods that destroy power transmission towers, droughts that dry up reservoirs, and surges in demand for cooling during heat. According to Bloomberg, the modernisation of power systems to achieve the goal of ‘net zero’ by 2050 will cost approximately USD 24.1 trillion.

‘This includes expanding and upgrading infrastructure that requires replacing outdated poles, wires, transformers, and other power grid components with more climate-resilient ones. An important step is also the use of new technologies, such as smart grids, which allow more efficient management of electricity consumption and distribution, faster detection and repair of damage,’ he continues.

The transition to renewable energy sources is another key area that requires significant investment. Increasing the share of solar and wind energy in the total energy balance requires the creation of new generation facilities and energy storage systems.

‘This will not only reduce dependence on fossil fuels, but also facilitate reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The development of inter-connectors between different countries and regions is also important for ensuring the stable electricity supply. Inter-connectors make it possible to quickly redirect electricity flows in case of accidents, which increases the reliability of the power system and reduces the risks of outages. These measures are necessary to create a sustainable and reliable energy system that can withstand the challenges of climate change’, Mr Kostrzhevskyi assures.

Situation in Ukraine
Since the beginning of the invasion, Russia has been attacking thermal, hydroelectric, and solar power plants in Ukraine, significantly reducing electricity production.

Last winter, Ukraine managed to partially restore power and survive the winter with fewer interruptions, but this year’s attacks exacerbated the problem again. Those Nuclear power plants that have not been destroyed cannot fully meet the needs of the country. Ukrainians and enterprises have to adapt to new conditions. People buy diesel generators, gas turbines, and batteries.

The energy sector plans to restore several more GW of capacity by winter due to the repair of damaged facilities and the supply of used equipment from Europe.

A long-term solution to the problem of electricity shortages will require significant efforts and time due to the destruction of critical infrastructure and lack of resources.

‘Energy efficiency should become a priority for every household and enterprise in Ukraine. The use of energy-efficient devices and optimisation of consumption will help reduce the load on the power system and reduce the risks of outages’, Denys Kostrzhevskyi believes.

He also thinks that only joint efforts of citizens and authorities can overcome today’s energy-related challenges. Responsible handling of energy resources and active international cooperation will help Ukraine and the world to withstand this difficult period and build a sustainable energy system in the future.

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Content: World Vision: Europe 's lack of energy, no operation, aid to Ukraine may become empty talk
July 15, 2022 00: 04
Eastern Network Television
More News Clips
After the Russian army claimed to occupy the Luhansk Oblast in Ukraine, the attack slowed down, and the Kiev government began a public debate.
Ukrainian Defense Minister Leonid Leznikov said that President Zelensky has ordered the assembly of millions of troops equipped with Western weapons, which will soon recover the southern territory from Russia, and called on the West to continue to "water" aid.
On the other hand, Europe continues to emerge as the negative impact of the full range of sanctions imposed by the United States on Russia continues to emerge, and many are mired in the energy crisis, and inflation has caused everything to become expensive, causing the resentment of the European people to rise to a boiling point.
As energy prices continue to be high, Russia will temporarily suspend the supply of natural gas to Germany for 10 days on the Nord Stream 1 pipeline.
Previously, Canada refused to return the Nord Stream 1 gas turbine sent by the Siemens subsidiary to Russia on the grounds of sanctions, which caused the latter to sharply reduce natural gas supply.
Germany is worried that if Nord Stream 1 continues to close after the annual review, it will paralyze domestic heavy industry and insufficient natural gas reserves to meet winter demand.
Despite Zelensky's objections, the Germans continued to head hard to retrieve parts of the Nord Stream pipeline from Canada.
European countries obviously did not expect that the Russian-Ukrainian war would cause such a big problem for energy supply.
Under the severe shortage of natural gas supply, Germany relies on natural gas production industry can only struggle to survive, and some are even more lifeless.
The Netherlands, which plans to stop importing Russian natural gas this year, in addition to the road blockage demonstrations caused by domestic farmers due to the emission reduction plan, and recently fell into an unprecedented energy crisis due to Germany's intention to completely shut down the nuclear power plant, can only beg Berlin to extend the operation of the nuclear power unit.
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, most of the European people supported the government's punitive measures against Russia.
But the theory is very full, the reality is very bones, with the protracted war, coupled with soaring prices and soaring inflation, Europeans are gradually disgusted with the Russian-Ukrainian war, and some people are dissatisfied with the government's sacrifice of their own interests and blindly follow US policy.
According to a survey by financial bloggers, 59% of Europeans say they are unwilling to pay the price for defending democracy in Ukraine.
In Hamburg, Germany, the local government housed Ukrainian refugees in luxury apartments in the city center, at a cost of €3,600 per month per apartment, paid by the government.
Some reporters teased that this building, more than 100 meters high, is becoming the grave of the German taxpayer.
The Scottish government has suspended the intake of Ugandan refugees for three months due to a lack of suitable housing.
From the country and even the people, Europe is gradually tired of the Russian-Ukrainian war, and the Kiev government may only hope that the United States will do more and better in the future.

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Content: Home World Russia-Ukraine: the news on the war today 4 September

Russia-Ukraine: the news on the war today 4 September

by admin

It is the 193rd day of the war. Officials from the International Atomic Energy Agency (Aiea) are still at the site of the Zaporizhzhia plant, from where they warn that “the power plant is disconnected from the electricity grid”, but “the facility continues to supply electricity through a line backup”. The Russian Defense Ministry tells of “a new attempted assault by Ukrainian forces against the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant” thwarted by troops from Moscow. According to a note released by the Kremlin, the victims are “almost 50”. Meanwhile, having abandoned the trail of a direct ceasefire negotiation, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, after the grain, media for an exchange of prisoners between Russia and Ukraine. And another alarm comes from the President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelensky: “This winter, Russia is preparing to launch a decisive attack on energy on all Europeans.” «The pumping of gas through the Nord Stream is completely interrupted – added the leader, in his usual evening message -. Why are they doing this? Russia wants to destroy the normal life of every European, in all the countries of our continent. You want to weaken and intimidate the whole of Europe, every state ”.

In Prague, meanwhile, 70,000 took part in the protest march against NATO and the sanctions imposed on Russia for its invasion of Ukraine. The protesters called for the resignation of the Czech conservative government, accusing it of submission to the European Union, and for neutrality in the war, where the Prague executive has adopted a clear position of political and military support in Kiev.

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The interview – Gorbachev’s former adviser: “Putin embarrasses his death”
The intervention – Mattarella: freeing oneself from dependence on Russia
The story – The Cold War of tennis
How to donate – Mirror of the Times Foundation

Updates hour by hour
23.51 – USA opposed to suspension of the EU visa agreement for the Russians

The United States does not support the EU’s intention to strengthen the visa regime with Russia: John Kirby, strategic communications coordinator at the US National Security Council said in an interview with the Dozhd television channel. “We don’t believe holding all Russians accountable is a productive measure. We believe this should not turn into a war with the entire Russian people, ”Kirby said.

23.35 – Zelensky praises Johnson in the last days in office
The Ukrainian president praised “true friend” and ally Boris Johnson, in his final days in office as UK premier. Zelensky wrote a piece on the Mail on Sunday and talked to the Sunday Times of his gratitude to the outgoing British premier. The Ukrainian leader then expressed the hope of “close relations” with Johnson’s successor.

23.22 – Protest march in Prague against NATO and Moscow sanctions
About 70,000 people (police data) asked Prague for the resignation of the Czech conservative government, accusing it of submission to the European Union, and protested against NATO and the sanctions imposed by Russia for its invasion of Ukraine. The protesters, called by opposition parties and other organizations, called for neutrality in the war in Ukraine, where the Prague executive adopted a clear position of political and military support in Kiev.

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Gu Junye marriage proposal dialogue exposure rely on the phone to make the big S nodded and said, "OK."
Germany will not stop buying Russian energy
Russia sent troops to Ukraine caused the world to slash, Western countries have sacrificed sanctions measures, the German government said on the 7th, because the domestic electricity, heating and industrial production is highly dependent on Russia, so it can not stop the procurement of Russian energy in the short term.
In a statement, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz said that “Europe ’ s energy supply for heating, transport, power generation and industry cannot be guaranteed in any other way ”, stressing that Russian energy is vital to the daily lives of Europeans.
His remarks came as Ukrainian Foreign Minister Aleksander Kuleba called on the West to reduce its dependence on Russian energy.
Kuleba said on the 7th that he would stop buying Russian gas and oil because Russian oil now smells of blood in Ukraine.
According to official data, Germany is the world ’ s largest buyer of Russian gas, with more than half of its gas, about a third of its coal and a quarter of its oil coming from Russia.
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Content: Germany starts tough energy conservation measures
Germany starts tough energy conservation measures
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In this episode, we discuss: the IAEA mission leaves Kiev and heads to Zaporozhye; Germany is switching to energy saving status from tomorrow; a leader in the coordination framework speaks to Sputnik about the situation in Iraq; the Association of Lebanese Depositors and the Free Trade Unions demonstrate in front of the parliament.
Germany has decided to introduce an energy-saving system, such as setting the temperature of heating devices, turning them off completely in public places, and stopping the use of hot water for hand washing.
In an interview with Unfettered, European affairs expert Aktham Suleiman said:
"These measures of course will not suffice, and this reduction of energy consumption will not save much, the non-operation of any small plant will save more, and therefore are absurd measures, and this is evidence of the failed management of the crisis, and the wrong decision to stop" Nord Stream 2 ", and now the German citizen will not be silent on these measures, not because he does not want to pay a higher bill, but because he is treated lightly. And don ’ t sacrifice Germany for Ukraine, and today the headline of the most important German newspapers,“ Germany is still an occupied country, ” will lead to protests that have already started here and there.
Zakharova: Do Europeans understand that nuclear security is at stake?
The correspondent of "Sputnik" reported that the Russian army shot down a Ukrainian drone near the Zaporozhye nuclear power plant, while Russian security forces who arrived at the scene said that this drone was Polish-made.
This comes in conjunction with the imminent arrival of the mission of the International Atomic Energy Agency to Zaporozhye, as the official spokeswoman of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Maria Zakharova, commented on this visit by saying to "Sputnik":
“They are discussing what can be done to make our lives more difficult, there is a nuclear facility near them that is being bombed every day, and I think this is what EU leaders should be discussing, to keep the safety and health of their citizens, do these people really not understand that what is at stake now is the issue of nuclear safety?
Because the regime in Kiev has reached the point where the station is being used as a tool of blackmail, perhaps, because there is an understanding in the ranks of the European Union that they cannot do anything, and that the Kiev regime is simply uncontrollable in Brussels and it just obeys Washington, where are the people in the European Union pretending to be environmentalists, feeling soft on deer, hedgehogs and hares?
Where are all these people?
Do they understand what's going on?
"They are supplying the Kiev regime with money and weapons that are firing at a nuclear facility in central Europe."
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#### Historical Context and Reasons for Nuclear Phase-Out

1.

**Early Anti-Nuclear Sentiment**:
   - The roots of Germany's anti-nuclear movement trace back to the 1970s, leading to the eventual formation of the influential Green Party.

- In 2001, Chancellor Gerhard Schröder announced a plan to phase out nuclear power, marking the beginning of Germany's formal exit from nuclear energy.

**Policy Reversal and Reaffirmation**:
   - In 2010, Chancellor Angela Merkel's government