### Comprehensive Report on the Hagia Sophia Controversy

#### Introduction
Hagia Sophia, located in Istanbul, Turkey, is one of the most historically significant architectural marvels in the world.

Originally built as a Byzantine cathedral in 537 AD, it was converted into an Ottoman mosque in 1453 and later secularized into a museum in 1935 under the directive of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey.

In July 2020, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan issued a decree re-converting Hagia Sophia into a mosque, sparking global controversy.

This report delves into the religious and political dimensions of this decision, particularly focusing on the criticism it has garnered.

#### Historical Context
Hagia Sophia’s transformation over centuries reflects the shifting power dynamics in the region:
- **Byzantine Era (537–1453)**: Built as the Orthodox patriarchal cathedral, it was

### Comprehensive Report on the Hagia Sophia Controversy

#### Introduction
Hagia Sophia, located in Istanbul, Turkey, is one of the most historically significant architectural marvels in the world.

Title:

Content: General / Saudi Newspapers
Saturday 24 / 9 / 1444 Corresponding to 15 / 04 / 2023
Riyadh 24 Ramadan 1444 AH corresponding to 15 April 2023 AD
Today's headlines are:
Crown Prince Receives Sultan of Brunei Darussalam
Crown Prince meets with Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Iraq
Prince Mohammed bin Salman ’ s project to develop historic mosques renovates the Citadel Mosque in Madinah and enhances the Islamic civilization of the Kingdom
Energy Minister Meets with Dutch Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister and Discuss Means of Cooperation in the Field of Energy and Hydrogen
Minister of Foreign Affairs Meets Deputy Prime Minister for International Relations and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Iraq
Foreign Ministry issues a statement at the conclusion of the consultative meeting of the GCC countries, Jordan, Egypt and Iraq
Faisal bin Farhan meets with the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Sultanate of Oman
Faisal bin Salman launches Al Shifa Health Endowment Fund
"Salman Relief" distributes food aid to those affected by floods and needy in Afghanistan
Salman Relief distributes more than 9 tons of baskets in Chad
Ramadan is the spring face.
Pushing fishing enthusiasts to the sea.
"Vegetation" conducts field surveys for more than 10 thousand hectares in 8 sites in Mecca
Major General Nasser Hadi arrives in Riyadh after his release
The Kingdom has always sought Arab reunification as a supreme interest that entails many interests that lead to praiseworthy results for the security and prosperity of Arab countries combined, this is not an easy matter, each country has its own policy, objectives and alliances associated with them, and reconciling those goals and alliances with the goals of Arab reunification is a matter that needs to intensify work to overcome obstacles to reach the ultimate goal.
In the past few days, we have witnessed an Arab movement led by the Kingdom with all its ability and ability from its position as a major state seeking a new phase of closing the outstanding files that harmed security, stability and development in the Arab region and the region, starting with the agreement with Iran to restore relations and passing through the file of relations between Bahrain and Qatar and not ending with the return of Syria to its natural Arab environment. The Kingdom, through its positive diplomatic movement aimed at unifying the Arab ranks, is able to restore Arab-Arab relations to a high level of harmony and harmony, as this is in the interest of all Arab countries without exception.
It is not reasonable for the Arab region to be far from achieving its interests while it can rise and take its natural place as a region with a political, economic and developmental impact, by setting major goals as achievable goals and overcoming all obstacles to reaching that noble goal.
The role of the Kingdom plays a pivotal role in unifying the Arab ranks, and its positions are recognized, and now it is time for everyone to assume their responsibilities, which are common responsibilities, in order to reach the formulas that ensure the meeting of the word and achieve the goals that achieve security, stability and sustainable development.
Al Youm newspaper said in its editorial entitled "Charitable Work Development": In its third edition, the national campaign for charitable work is witnessing a community interaction coinciding with the holy month, in order to emphasize the support of charitable works in all its aspects with the keenness and interest and enable the access of support to those who deserve it through IhsanRD platform. Non-profit sector in the UK.
She pointed out that charitable work has frameworks and systems based on development and spreading the spirit of community work in a positive way, where individuals join hands with institutions to instill the concepts of that work, and ensure its continuity with every gift found, what we can mention is that IhsanRD platform since its establishment in 1441 AH, under a generous order, it attracts the attention of community institutions; to benefit more than 4.8 million beneficiaries from various charitable fields. Reliable, according to organized and considered governance; because of its impact on GDP.
She added that the charity works and official campaigns lead to effective partnerships with the government, private and non-profit sectors. The developmental triangle reflects maximizing the impact and sustainability of development projects and services through advanced technical solutions, and creating a bridge with others capable of achieving the goal of instilling social responsibility, integration between entities, and reaching a safe level to provide a decent standard of life for all. Relief and other related projects in other sectors such as the environment and technology, all of which contribute to the public benefit, and multiply the impact of good in the aspects of investment work considered developmental.
She added: Philanthropy has always been linked to social responsibility activities and their impact on the chances of institutional sustainability, both of the resources and energies available, and this is the essence of social philanthropy dynamic with long-term strategies that create an impact capable of emulating others with achievements and efforts that contribute to the development of a new perspective.
The newspaper "Economic" in its editorial entitled "Saudi advantages..
Vision 2030, led by the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Salman bin Abdulaziz, and under the vision and supervision of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Saudi Arabia is moving at a rapid pace towards diversifying the national economy and strengthening the Kingdom ’ s position among the world ’ s countries. great for the national economy.
In this regard, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Prime Minister and Chairman of the Council of Economic and Development Affairs, announced the launch of four special economic zones in order to develop and diversify the Saudi economy and improve the investment environment, and SEZ are areas of rapid economic growth using tax and trade incentives to attract foreign investment and technology.
Special economic zones have a long history and a clear impact on the development of international trade, especially those that have comparative advantages over safe international trade routes - such as Gibraltar, Hamburg and Singapore - which were able to provide storage and free trade services.
By the end of the 1970s, East Asian and Latin American countries had found promising opportunities in the SEZs model to attract investment from multinational companies in labour-intensive manufacturing, and with successful experiments, they became the cornerstone of trade and investment policy in countries that moved away from import substitution policies and aimed to integrate into global markets through export-led growth policies.
In this historical context, the first four special economic zones were established in the southeast coast of China in 1980, consisting of what were then known as the small cities of Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Shantou in Guangdong Province and Xiamen in Fujian Province.
In these areas, China applied the experience of establishing special economic zones within the general jurisdiction of the state, for the purpose of introducing different laws and regulations that are usually more favorable for trade and investment, in order to give the economy a chance to compete with major industrialized countries, promote foreign trade and attract foreign investment.
Although these economic zones began as small cities, they soon attracted foreign investment and became prosperous cities, and with the rapid expansion of light industry and consumer goods industries and a growing population - in particular, Shenzhen's population grew from about 30,000 in 1979 to more than one million by the beginning of the 21st century. In 1992, the Chinese government decided to adopt some of the same policies in some 20 major cities in inland China, including several provincial capitals, as a way to encourage foreign investment.
This rich Chinese experience has had a profound impact on the emergence and dominance of the Chinese giant on the global economic scene.
In announcing the special economic zones, the Crown Prince pointed out that they will provide huge opportunities to develop the local economy, create jobs, transfer technology and localize industries, and will open wide areas for the development of the Saudi business community. local communities and entrepreneurs, with the many opportunities and indirect jobs it will bring to local communities, including the growth of global tourism.
The international experiences of economic zones and studies in international law and international trade have confirmed that the success of the SEZs depends on the creation of their own legal experience, and that these special zones have special legislative systems and regulations for economic activities, including incentives for companies competitive tax rates, exemptions for imports, production inputs, machinery and raw materials from customs duties, allowing 100% foreign ownership, and the ability to attract the best global human resources. The regions are among the most competitive in the world to attract the most important quality investments, and represent the first phase of a long-term program aimed at attracting international companies.
/ / Finished / /
05: 42 PM
0022.

Title:

Content: The fire is in the fire again.
What do those who attack Egypt ’ s official religious establishment want?
Article 7 of Egypt ’ s current constitution states that al-Azhar is the primary authority in religious sciences and Islamic affairs.
CAIRO – Between attack and defense, two men have raced to the top of Egypt ’ s Twitter site in recent days: “Down with Al-Azhar rule ” and“ Al-Azhar Al-Sharif, the bastion of Islam, ” amid a wide debate over the reasons for the repeated attack on Al-Azhar sheikhdom from time to time.
Opponents of al-Azhar see it as a "state within the state" and exercise "guardianship over society in the name of religion", while supporters of al-Azhar see it as a bulwark of centrism and its role as central to religious education in Egypt and the Islamic world according to the constitution.
Article 7 of the current Egyptian Constitution stipulates that "Al-Azhar Al-Sharif is an independent Islamic scientific body, which is exclusively competent to conduct all its affairs, and is the main authority in religious sciences and Islamic affairs, and is responsible for the propagation and dissemination of the sciences of religion and the Arabic language in Egypt and the world."
The escalation of the attack on Al-Azhar prompted the Egyptian Fatwa House to issue an official statement supporting Al-Azhar and confirming its role.
The Egyptian Fatwa House said in its statement that "Al-Azhar is a value and prestige, a place and prestige, a witness of sincerity and the tongue of justice on the centrality of Islam and the tolerance of its legislation in the construction of man and nations, and will continue its rational approach at the hands of its honorable scholars in spreading the right science and understanding of religion, and will not get the arrows of doubt."
The Middle Fortress
The professor at Al-Azhar University and former undersecretary of the Egyptian Ministry of Endowments, Gamal Abdel Sattar, agrees with the content of the fatwa statement, stressing that Al-Azhar is a fortress of moderation and moderation.
In his speech to Al-Jazeera Net, Abdul Sattar says that everyone knows that Al-Azhar is the source of moderation and that its sheikhs, scientists and students represent the protection of moderation in the face of extremism and neglect, and is the bearer of moderation in the entire Islamic world, and is challenged only by a grudge or hostile to him, according to his opinion.
He added that Al-Azhar with its scholars represents the safety valve for a moderate comprehensive understanding of Islam, as it did not align to the doctrine and taught all doctrines, and did not return a division; even the Shiite doctrine taught it, and did not commit the state or people to one doctrine, was absorbing all the ideas, doctrines and trends emanating from the Islamic understanding.
Al-Azhar University professor and former undersecretary of the Egyptian Ministry of Endowments appreciates Al-Azhar ’ s steadfastness in the face of what he described as “ferocious and aggressive campaigns conducted from inside and outside and targeting the constants of religion and the centrality of Al-Azhar Al-Sharif, for the purpose of spreading atheism and neglect, ” as he described it.
He considered that these campaigns have nothing to do with science or moderation, as they “believe that they got rid of the Islamic (political) current and remain for them Al-Azhar Al-Sharif, they are trying to undermine it to drop it from the hearts of people until the Islamic reference falls completely, ” he said.
He concluded by saying that "these are delusional; Al-Azhar will remain in the hearts of Muslims in Egypt and the world, and its methodology will remain more stable, widespread, strong, immune and influential."
Fierce attack.
For his part, former parliamentarian and politician Mohammed Jamal Heshmat describes the repeated attack on Al-Azhar as an attack and a fierce attack, behind which “extremists and secularists ” stand.
Speaking to Al Jazeera Net, Heshmat believes that Al-Azhar has a pivotal and major role, and that what he considered “Al-Azhar ’ s silence on issues of rights and freedoms ” caused the aggressors to encroach on it, so they continued to do so, and insisted on limiting Al-Azhar with a loud voice so as not to protect beliefs and morals.
He added that it is the duty of Al-Azhar and all those who love and wish to play its constitutional role to support its efforts, to publicize it, and to stand in the face of the fierce attack on it by secularists and extremists, and Al-Azhar should sharpen its efforts to be "a leader in this battle, and the nation will not let him down at that time."
Fatwa of Hijab
The reasons for the attack on Al-Azhar have varied in recent years, up to the recent crisis that raised the slogan "Down with Al-Azhar rule" and prompted defenders of Al-Azhar to launch a corresponding hashtag under the title "Al-Azhar Al-Sharif, the fortress of Islam".
The controversy over the hijab was the last reason for the attack on Al-Azhar, following a fatwa confirming the hypothesis of the Muslim woman ’ s hijab issued by the International Center for Electronic Fatwa of Al-Azhar just before Eid al-Adha.
The fatwa was a direct response to controversial televised statements made by Al-Azhar University professor Saad Eddin Al-Hilali, questioning the hypothesis of the hijab, which were celebrated by those who rejected the hijab, and prompted them later to attack Al-Azhar and launch the hashtag "Down with Al-Azhar rule".
The Egyptian writer known for rejecting the hijab, Sahar Jaara, said she rejected the religious establishment ’ s interference in the details of Egyptians ’ lives.
Jaara participated in the hashtag "Down with the rule of Al-Azhar", considering that Al-Azhar imposes its guardianship on the society, encroaches on the civil state, and withdraws its powers in the management of society and the organization of the Egyptian street, as she described it.
Multiple crises
The renewal of religious discourse was one of the reasons for the repeated attack on the sheikhdom of Al-Azhar, which is accused by its opponents of inertia and obstruction of renewal, while Al-Azhar always asserts that it does not call for renewal but applies it, but believes that some exploit calls for renewal to challenge and question Islam and its sciences and scientists.
At the end of January 2020, Egyptians watched live a heated debate between Sheikh Ahmed al-Tayeb of Al-Azhar and Cairo University President Mohamed Osman al-Khosht over the concept of renewing religious discourse.
Criticizing al-Khosht ’ s negative talk about heritage, al-Tayeb said that “much of what is said about heritage criticism is a bid on heritage, ” asking critics of heritage to look for another problem more important to the nation, adding:“ We buy weapons to kill each other, we buy death with our money, and we can ’ t make a car. ”
In February, media activists launched a campaign against al-Azhar, allegedly encouraging Sheikh Ahmed al-Tayeb to beat wives, which the sheikh denied.
Al-Azhar's denial came in response to broadcaster Amr Adib, who devoted an episode to criticizing the views of Al-Azhar's Sheikh Ahmed Al-Tayeb on the issue of "wife beating" by hosting parties opposed to the sheikh and not allowing Al-Azhar the right of reply.
The newspaper "Voice of Al-Azhar", issued by the sheikh of Al-Azhar, launched a sharp attack on Adib, describing him in the title of the file allocated to respond "entertainment media", and listed the violations in which Adib signed and summarized them in 12 professional violations, including broadcasting false news about the adoption of the Sheikh of Al-Azhar to beat, and spreading rumors about Al-Azhar against the issuance of a law to deter those who do so. Without a representative.
Al-Azhar came under attack in May after expanding its kataeb establishment in Egypt, and nearly half a million Egyptian children applied to join Al-Azhar ’ s “Children ’ s Corridor for Quran Memorization ”.
Egyptian novelist Salwa Bakr launched an attack on Al-Azhar because of this, stressing in a media interview that memorizing the Koran for children is a theft of childhood, according to her description, which was approved by writers and activists.
But Al-Azhar criticized this in a sharp official statement; Al-Azhar International Center for Electronic Fatwa said that the call to distance young people from the Holy Quran and its noble teachings is an explicit call to distance them from their religion and values, cut them from their language, culture and identity, and it opens the door to destructive ideas and interpretations.
Abdul Moneim Fouad, "Child Gallery for Quran Memorization" supervisor, stressed that the turnout of nearly "half a million children" to memorize the book of God is a practical response to calls for "war on the book of God", as he put it.
In response to the accusation of child theft by teaching the Koran as a child, Fouad said: "Why do you encourage children to teach foreign languages when they are young and do not know what they want?
Why teach them to swim and sport when they are young, isn ’ t this stealing their childhood? ”
Source: Egyptian Media + Al Jazeera + Social Media

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08 / 11 / 2023
Anti-Semitism is not advisable. We should stick to humanitarianism.
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• Collection of articles
• Zhang Cuirong
Zhang Cuiyong
Zhang Cuirong, a veteran journalist, is also a well-known female war correspondent, focusing on international news coverage and commentary. She has served in the Chinese and Western media, and has traveled extensively in the Middle East, Europe, Asia and Latin America.
His books include Crossing the Fires, The Middle East Scene, The Road to Truth in Latin America, Spring in the Mediterranean, and Eurasia Scene, which won the Human Rights Journalism Award and several good book awards respectively.
Let me tell you something.
Weekly Update
Israel ’ s massacre in the Gaza Strip has led to a global uprising against the Palestinians, and it is very dangerous for some people to unconsciously equate Jews, Zionists and Israelis.
In fact, Jews are not necessarily Jews, let alone automatically Zionists.
Looking through history, when Zionism rose in the 19th century, many Jews did not support it, and still do.
As for Israelis, they are people of Israeli nationality, including Arabs and other ethnic groups. Zionists seek the establishment of a state of Israel throughout Palestine, a state of pure Judaism, a state of Judaism and Judaism.
Here, we can see that the nationalization and nationalization of religion, as well as the idealization, coupled with the struggle of interests and the geopolitical game behind the great power, the original political act of Israel's statehood was smeared with a strong religious color, in order to rationalize the existence of the state of Israel, resulting in a 75-year long regional conflict, making it difficult for the public to distinguish the differences between the Jews, Zionists and Israelis. It is easy to get angry with the Jews.
However, in the face of the crowd, we should be more rational.
There are media reports that the current Gaza crisis in Europe has caused a resurgence of anti-Semitism, and anti-Semitism has increased in some European countries such as France.
While this anti-Semitic label is now also being abused by Israel and Zionists, branding all critics as anti-Semites and terrorist sympathizers, it is true that some have targeted synagogues and discriminated against Jews.
I have noticed that social media, including the Chinese community, is increasingly demonizing Jews as a people, and it is not advisable for hate speech to emerge from the conspiracy theories that Jews wanted to manipulate the world in the past.
Outsiders often equate Jews, Zionists and Israelis. (AP)
The victim becomes the perpetrator, does not wake up, does not learn the lessons of history, and turns himself into an enemy in the eyes.
Humanity is the last line of defense that we must hold fast to at a time when the dark history of humanity continues to revolve, so that we do not despair.
In fact, in this bleeding Palestinian land, Jews and Palestinians are not necessarily feuds, and in my many years of interviews in the Holy Land, I have witnessed the efforts of the two peoples for peace, jointly promoting the peace movement, nurturing mutual love, silently and slowly spreading the seeds of peace.
Their work is outside the spotlight of international media.
Orfa and Sylvia, nice names.
They immigrated to Israel from the United States for decades, and now they are nearly 70 years old, like silvery white hair, floating in the cold wind.
Every day at just over 6 a.m., they go to different Israeli checkpoints to observe the human rights situation.
"Daughters for Peace", "Women for Human Rights"... Unexpectedly, the women of Israel and Palestine are bravely on the front lines of the peace movement.
That morning, my face was gutted by the cold wind and my hands were too stiff to open, but they stood at the checkpoint with their cameras and notebooks for hours.
He said to me, “We are not here to target soldiers, but not to allow them to make mistakes, and even to perform tasks, we can treat people. After all, they are young! They are like my little grandchildren, and they are our children. ”
We old bones, we must stand here and watch over them and guard them … ” When the people saw them, they were glad, and they complained.
Someone is a judge, from which to resolve how many conflicts on the inspection station.
“We have the privilege of being Biba, and we have to take the first step and extend the hand of our friendship, ” Jerome said.
Jerome is a member of “Rabbi for Human Rights ”, but he is more active than the other members and takes the initiative to go to the Palestinian area to say hello.
With curly blonde hair, a moustache, and a big belly, a child may find it strange that he is our enemy.
A messenger from heaven?
Santa Claus?
Jeremy opened his hands and created a school for these children, right on the mountain of garbage, where the children first taste the taste of reading.
The residents of the Ba people near the Garbage Mountain also thanked Jerome, and thanks to his efforts, they finally had a wire, although it was not enough, but it brought them a little light.
"He is not the enemy, the messenger, the Santa, he is a good rabbi, a good teacher..." the child said with all his tongues.
A beautiful, beautiful picture.
One night, in a hotel in the Old City of Jerusalem, an Israeli, a Palestinian, hugged and cried for their murdered loved ones, then said to each other, “I feel your pain. ”
"Only by letting go of hatred can we break the cycle of violence and stop more families from losing loved ones."
Robbie, the founder of Parents' Circle, speaks with the heaviest and softest voice of the wounds that Israel and Palestine cannot bear.
Reconciliation is the only way out.
Robbie from South Africa, her 20-year-old son, David, was killed by the Pakistani militant group while serving a year ago.
She kept asking, "Why? Why?"
Anti-war demonstrations spread across several cities in Israel as people continue to demand a ceasefire. (AP)
However, the region will never be able to find a reason for that.
But at one point, she knew that she was not the only victim, and she thought that there were families of victims like her in the Palestinian self-rule areas, and that they felt the same pain.
In order to prevent more tragedies from happening, she first set out from Israel to find other victims' families, set up a "parent circle" and organized a mission to the West Bank.
Palestinian families in the West Bank felt strange, thinking, "Their children were killed by us, why did they not hate us, but came to comfort?"
The Palestinian family is deeply moved to understand that forgiveness is the way out, and to understand that the people of Israel are suffering as they are, and the Palestinian militant group must stop using violence against innocent Israelis.
So they also joined the “parent circle ” to promote peace.
In front of me, Robbie hugs a Palestinian friend, Randa, whose brother is killed by an Israeli gun.
What should we do? They replied, "We should come closer, not to Israel or Palestine. What we love and support is peace, which is our common goal."
But the increasingly rightwing Israeli regime, which continues to strangle the two-nation peace movement, has not given up hope, and in recent days has sprung up large numbers of demonstrators in Israeli cities calling for a ceasefire, who are voting to say no to Netanyahu.
The content of the signed and / or unsigned articles published by Economic Times is the author's personal opinion and does not represent the position of Economic Times, and the role of Economic Times is to provide a free speech platform.
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Content: Accessibility links
Abkhazian week: the mystery of Polishinel and festive mood
The week ended early.
On the eve of the international day on March 8, half the country hung on corporate parties, thus reducing the number of working days by two days at once - pre-holiday and festive.
In addition, since Monday, the country has been living with most of the news from the border Russian “Sirius ”, where the festival of youth was held, contracts and agreements were signed.
The foreign minister had a benefit this week: Inal Ardzinba talked about Abkhazia ’ s foreign policy, scolded the collective West, told Abkhaz students about the sensational Russian film The Word of the Kid, and reported that his sister was a fan of Turkish TV shows.
On Thursday, March 7, the international organization UNDP responded to the ultimatum of the head of the Foreign Ministry, who, I recall, demanded that UNDP in Abkhazia until March 7 post on the official website of USAID refutations of the goals and objectives of UNDP, as well as a list of information resources that are financed by international organizations accredited in Abkhazia.
UNDP has publicly stated that, as part of its mandate, it “cannot comment on information published on its websites by other international organizations or agencies ”.
The ridiculous requirement to publish a “list of information resources that are funded by UNDP ” was ignored.
And this is logical, because UNDP projects are undergoing the approval procedure in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Abkhazia, and the requirement to publish lists in the current situation, in conditions when the country's leadership staged a hunt for the non-governmental sector, looked, to put it mildly, ambiguous.
The young minister, despite the upcoming holiday, immediately responded to UNDP for the second time, threatening them with “adequate measures ”“ within the framework of the imperative of protecting the national interests of the Republic of Abkhazia ”, and recalled that he would like to see a list of “unreliable ” Abkhaz organizations – information resources that, on request of UNDP, destabilize the situation in Abkhazia.
I would like to draw your attention to the fact that we do not have a law on the basis of which the Minister of Foreign Affairs could prosecute non-governmental organizations cooperating with UNDP.
But Inal Ardzinba, accustomed to empty propaganda, feeling his complete impunity, accused the information resources receiving financial assistance from UNDP, in attempts to destabilize the internal political situation in the Republic of Abkhazia.
It should be emphasized here that all international organizations work in Abkhazia on the basis of accreditation issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the minister does not have a single fact that the project activities of local NGOs pose a threat to the state.
Therefore, this surcharge from a zealous official is more like an attempt to divert public attention from the situation in the country than a concern for the security of the state.
Meanwhile, the note of the Russian Foreign Ministry related to the ratification of the Russian-Abkhaz treaty on the state dacha, received by the Abkhaz Foreign Ministry in February, remains a secret of Polishinel.
The secret to the whole world is still not published, and the public suspects the authorities of the country that:
(a) They conceal a document indicating a complete failure in foreign policy;
b) behind the scenes prepare a response that does not meet the interests of the country and the people;
c) did not figure out how to get out of the stalemate.
In continuation of the topic: Aslan Bzhania this week met with the head of the SGB.
Temur Ahiba told the President that the level of equipment of the service and the material well-being of its employees are growing, the pension provision of former employees of the State Security Service has increased, which is not comparable to the pension of ordinary citizens of the country, which is not growing, despite the overfulfillment of plans by all existing departments and district administrations.
But maybe closer to the elections will remember about the bulk of the electorate?
From the streamlined message of the press service of the President, it also follows that the security forces have thrown all their forces to counter the intelligence and other aspirations of the special services and organizations of foreign states, to ensure the protection of the foundations of the constitutional system, the fight against economic crimes and corruption, as well as to prevent the implementation of sabotage and terrorist acts and emergency situations at critical infrastructure.
No examples of success were given.
But judging by non-state information resources, the activity of the president did not end there.
The key activity is evidenced by the video of feasts with supporters, in which the glass holder Aslan Bzhania looks much more organic than at public events of the state scale.
Nothing was known about the government ’ s activities and inactivity throughout the week.
In addition, it turned out that the site of the Cabinet was blocked for non-payment.
This problem was solved only on March 8, but the latest news was the government meeting of February 29.
At the same time, the website of the Ministry of Finance with last year ’ s news also earned.
Many government websites ceased to exist after the 2020 presidential election.
However, those sites that seem to exist and even paid for their domains, are in no hurry to report their work.
It is obvious that most government information resources imitate compliance with the law on the right of citizens to access information, and the leadership of our country does not understand the need to provide meaningful information to the public.
Interior Minister Robert Kiut was in the spotlight again this week, now because of information from Georgian sources claiming that he was in some sort of negotiation with a Russian oligarch of Georgian origin about restoring the railway.
Robert Keith immediately denied the reports and said that such negotiations were not his competence.
Indeed, there is a president, a prime minister, energy and transport ministers, the Security Council and, again, a foreign minister for such talks.
The list is long, all other officials remain silent, and the country is tormented by guesses - with whom from the leadership of Abkhazia spoke the Russian oligarch?
And did Georgian sources accidentally choose the Minister of Internal Affairs?
I must admit that all this is very similar to the deliberate discrediting of the Minister of Internal Affairs, who, I recall, refused to sign an agreement on cooperation with Rosgvardia that contradicts the legislation of the country.
So the Abkhaz Chekists have questions to which they should answer the society as a result of their duty.
But that is a very rhetorical proposition.
This week, the united opposition expressed its attitude to the voting in Abkhazia in the presidential elections of Russia.
She appealed to the people of Abkhazia, to all citizens of the Russian Federation living in our country, with an appeal to take an active part in the presidential elections of the Russian Federation, which will be held on March 15-17, 2024.
Earlier, Aslan Bzhania made the same appeal to the public.
I think that under the news of the week you can draw a line: the country celebrates international women ’ s day and the main events unfold at flower shops, where mostly concentrated men who did not go easy online.
By the way, life hack on the occasion of March 8 for the most creative representatives of the “strong half of humanity ”.
You create, like a few of my acquaintances, a group on a social network and invite all women to it.
The man only needs one congratulation on March 7, and then the transition to self-service - universal gratitude in words, pictures, emoticons and videos of all participants until midnight.
After that, the women begin to congratulate each other.
I got into four groups at once and after 00: 00 turned off the notifications – the patent and thanks to the man who first thought of it.
Significant time savings.
(Izida CHANIA, "Nezhnaya Gazeta")
The text contains toponyms and terminology used in the self-proclaimed republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia
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Content: POINT OF VIEW
April 22 2022
SHEEP IN THE WOLF LOG
“Our lost sheep have fallen into our hands.
The enemy brags that he conducted a successful counter-operation.
But he forgets...
Documents
July 15, 2020
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DECISIONS ON COOPERATION IN CUSTOMS AFFAIRS BETWEEN ABKHAZIA AND SYRIA
News Thursday, 28 April 2022 20: 19
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Sukhum.
April 28, 2022.
Abkhazia-Inform.
At the meeting of the Cabinet of Ministers, decisions were made on a number of documents regarding the activities of the customs authorities of the Republic of Abkhazia and the Syrian Arab Republic. will present to the President of the country a proposal on the conclusion of an agreement between Abkhazia and Syria in the field of cooperation and mutual assistance in customs matters.
On the basis of this Agreement, the customs services of the parties within their competence shall cooperate in order to:
a) development of foreign economic activity;
b) ensuring the proper collection of customs duties, fees and other payments, as well as the simplification of customs formalities and the application of customs benefits;
c) ensuring compliance with prohibitions and restrictions established in accordance with the customs legislation of the parties with respect to goods transported by persons across customs borders;
d) improvement of legal regulation of relations in the field of customs.
Customs services of Abkhazia and Siri will exchange experience in the field of application of:
a) technical means of customs control;
b) new means and methods of combating customs offenses;
c) professional skills that ensure the effective implementation of the tasks facing the customs services;
d) on other customs matters of mutual interest.
The customs services of the parties will assist each other:
a) in the organization of customs clearance and customs control, ensuring the proper collection of customs duties and fees;
b) in the exchange of experience in the use of technical means of customs control in the implementation of law enforcement activities, as well as information on
progressive forms and methods of customs clearance and customs control through mutual consultations between customs services;
The state authorities of the parties recognize the documents and decisions taken within the competence of the customs.
Documents submitted by persons in the process of customs operations have legal force and entail legal consequences on the territory of the parties.
The agreement also deals with the simplification of customs formalities.
It was also decided to hold negotiations on the signing of the “Protocol between the State Customs Committee of the Republic of Abkhazia and the General Customs Administration of the Syrian Arab Republic on the exchange of documents and information on the customs value of goods transported between the Republic of Abkhazia and the Syrian Arab Republic ”.
According to the Protocol, the parties organize and carry out the exchange of documents and information on the customs value of goods transported between the Republic of Abkhazia and the Syrian Arab Republic, in order to ensure control over the accuracy of the declared information on the customs value of goods.
The exchange of documents and information is carried out on the basis of requests sent by one of the Parties to the other Party, or on a proactive basis.
The implementation of this Protocol will be carried out by each of the parties within its competence and available resources in accordance with the legislation of the State of the requested customs service.
For the purposes of this Protocol, documents and information on the customs value of goods shall be understood as:
a) copies of customs declarations, invoices (invoices), shipping and
transport documents presented to the customs authorities of the states of the parties when declaring goods;
b) information from electronic databases of customs declarations;
c) other information that can be used for the purposes of customs control of the customs value of goods.
Information received by the parties in accordance with this Protocol shall be confidential and may be used only for the purposes specified in this Protocol.
For other purposes, the information received may be used only with the written consent of the party that provided such information.
A Party that receives any information under this Protocol shall be obliged to ensure its protection in accordance with the law of its State on the protection of confidential information.
The Parties will be able to use information obtained under this Protocol as evidence in administrative or judicial proceedings.
The possibility of using such information as evidence in administrative and judicial proceedings and its evidentiary value shall be determined in accordance with the law of the State of the party using such information.
The draft “Memorandum between the State Customs Committee of the Republic of Abkhazia and the General Customs Administration of the Syrian Arab Republic on the exchange of statistical data on mutual trade ” was also approved.
The purpose of this Memorandum is to exchange information on the methodology used for the maintenance of foreign trade statistics and statistical data on mutual trade.
The statistics in the framework of this Memorandum will be presented as a detailed list of data on mutual trade in accordance with the format that is an integral part of this document.
The DBF file will be used as the format for providing statistical data.
In this case, the ASC II (American Standard Code for Information Exchange) character table will be applied.
Statistical data will be transmitted by e-mail or CD.
The Parties shall exchange statistical data determined by this Memorandum on a gratuitous basis in accordance with the list of indicators on foreign trade.
Statistical data will be exchanged on a quarterly basis, using appropriate computer tools, as follows:
- the parties will provide each other with statistical data for the reporting quarter no later than 70 days after the end of the corresponding period;
- - annual statistical data will be provided by the parties separately no later than 120 days after the end of the reporting year.
In addition, each year or as they are updated, the parties will provide each other with the following directories:
– directory of the commodity nomenclature at the level of 6 characters;
– codes of basic and additional units of measurement;
– directory of conformity of codes of commodity nomenclature and codes of basic and additional units of measurement.
The parties will exchange information on the methodology used to maintain foreign trade statistics.
In the event of changes in the methodology used for maintaining foreign trade statistics, the parties will inform each other about such changes.
Read 12 times Last modified on Thursday, 28 April 2022 20: 23
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Title:

Content: Turkey issues import slogan: Russia-Ukraine conflict leads to Syrian battlefield
Author: Liu Yanting
Published: Updated:
On May 23, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan announced that a new military operation would be launched in Syria, with the goal of consolidating the 30-kilometer security zone along the Turkish-Syrian border and avoiding the threat of the Islamic State (IS) and the Kurdish militia group People ’ s Protection Units (YPG) to the south.
Erdogan did not provide further details on the plan, but said the operation would begin after the Turkish military, intelligence agencies and security forces have completed their preparations.
Looking at the current situation in Syria, the Turkish attack reflects two factors.
First, although the Bashar al-Assad regime, supported by Russia, has survived the crisis, it has been unable to unify Syria for a while. In May 2021, Syria held its second presidential election since the 2011 civil war, and the result was uneventful, with Assad elected as president by an overwhelming majority.
Since then, Syria has gradually resumed dialogue with Arab countries, and Assad visited the United Arab Emirates on March 18, 2022, the first visit by a Syrian leader to an Arab country 11 years after the outbreak of civil war.
And while the overall situation in Syria is slowing down, it is difficult to return to the past.
Today, Syria faces multiple security dilemmas at home and abroad, as extremist groups such as the Islamic State continue to carry out terrorist attacks in the north-central region, and the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) and the Syrian National Army (SNA) are controlled by the United States and Turkey respectively.
And 11 years of civil war has caused Syria to suffer heavy military and civilian losses, even with the support of the Russian army, the Assad regime is unable to unify the entire territory, so in the foreseeable future, the parties will be divided into Syria as normal.
Second, Turkey intends to strengthen its geographical presence in northern Syria. Looking at northern Syria, it is still a deer field for all parties.
Among them, the US-backed Syrian Democratic Army (SDF) consolidated Kurdish forces and held territory in the north-east; the Turkish Army and its pro-Syrian National Army (SNA) were based on the north-west border; and numerous extremist groups, represented by Tahrir al-Sham, gathered mainly in the north-west of Idlib province.
The forces of all parties have been fighting for many years, and have undergone a long period of mutual annexation and reorganization, gradually forming today's contact line and according to the map.
Take the Turkish-backed Syrian National Army (SNA), which was formed in 2017 as the main body of the Free Syrian Army (FSA).
To this day, the logistics and training system still relies on Turkish support, and it also has to pay dividends for Turkey ’ s geo-planning.
A photo of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and Prince Mohammed of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, was released by the Syrian Presidential Office on March 18. (Twitter @ presidency _ sy)
Turkey's biggest challenge in Syria
Looking at the Turkish attack, in addition to the continuation of the "world chaos" in Syria, the key is that it saw the "situation is very good" under the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, which led to the idea of changing the pattern of Syria.
In short, Turkey wants to take advantage of Russia ’ s deep war with Ukraine to continue its unfinished march south.
In the past, Turkey has launched four military operations against Syria: Euphrates Shield from 2016 to 2017, Olive Branch in 2018, Peace Spring in 2019 and Spring Shield in 2020.
From a strategic perspective, the first two times can be described as a test of water temperature, Turkey not only explored the tacit space of the West, but also successfully occupied the Kurdish-populated Afrin Canton, thus establishing a strategic support point in northern Syria.
Since Operation Olive Branch, the Turkish army has formed a competitive relationship with the Syrian Army, after all, although the former has sent troops in the name of fighting Kurdish forces and anti-terrorism, but in the process of setting up a "30-kilometer security zone", and Russia is the biggest supporter of the Assad regime.
In September 2018, Vladimir Putin and Erdogan met in Sochi, Russia, and the two sides decided to set up a buffer zone in Idlib to separate the Russian-backed opposition forces from the Syrian government forces and promote a temporary ceasefire on the line of contact.
Since then, Turkey and Russia, Syrian opposition parties and government forces have continued to control each other in violation of the ceasefire agreement. In 2019, Turkey launched the “Fountain of Peace ” operation, and successfully established a buffer zone between Turkey ’ s southern border and Rojava (Syrian Kurdish Autonomous Regime), and launched the“ Spring Shield ” in 2020. To prevent Syrian government forces from retaking Idlib, it eventually triggered a fierce Russian response and the Turkish operation ended badly.
On March 5, 2020, Putin and Erdogan held six hours of talks at the Kremlin.
(AP)
On March 5, 2020, Erdogan rushed to Moscow to meet with Putin, and Turkey finally signed a ceasefire agreement: the two sides end hostilities on the line of contact, and set up 6 kilometers on the north and south sides of the strategic M4 highway as "safe corridors"; from March 15, Russia and Turkey began joint patrols on the M4 highway.
This result, for the aggressive Turkey, some of the gains are more than lost, but from a strategic perspective, although the "spring shield" failed to reverse the war, but at least prevented the Syrian and Russian coalition forces from fully recapturing Idlib, it is still beneficial to Turkey in the long run.
And this Turkish-Russian ceasefire negotiations, also side of the nature of the conflict in northern Syria: whether Turkey can move, how much can be pushed, to a large extent depends on the military capabilities of the opponent, and the "Spring Shield" operation shows that without Russian air support, the gap between the Syrian government and Turkish forces is very wide.
In short, the Russian forces are the only major force capable of stopping Turkey ’ s southern advance, given the substantial withdrawal of US troops from northern Syria.
This pattern is now being modified by the Russian conflict.
On February 21, 2020, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan spoke on the phone with Russian President Vladimir Putin in an attempt to defuse tensions in Syria ’ s Idlib province.
(Reuters)
Changes in Turkish Diplomacy
According to The Times of Israel, an unknown number of Russian troops began to withdraw from Syria in early May to support the Ukrainian battlefield and hand over their bases and armaments to Syrian government forces, as well as to the Iranian Revolutionary Guards (IRGC) and Hezbollah Lebanon, who are supporting the Assad regime.
This information has not been officially confirmed by Russia, and in view of the bad relations between Israel and Iran, it cannot be ruled out that the Israel Times intends to use this to exaggerate the "Iran threat theory".
But as Turkey prepares to launch a fifth round of military action, this news may have some credibility, or at least show that the current Syrian army lacks the political or military space to harden Turkey.
This phenomenon is largely due to a series of diplomatic swings taken by Turkey, based on its strategic position, after the outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict.
First, Turkey, as a NATO member, continued to provide Ukraine with Bayraktar-TB2 drones, which became one of the tools used to undermine the Russian military in the early stages of the war. On the other hand, it refused to participate in the Western-initiated sanctions against Russia and chaired the Russian-Ukrainian Foreign Minister ’ s negotiations.
The seemingly contradictory but coexisting initiatives to satisfy the political correctness of the West and maintain the interests of Russia can be described as Turkey ’ s stance in the war.
Finnish President Sauli Niinistö and Finnish Prime Minister Sanna Marin announced Finland ’ s national security policy decision at a press conference in Helsinki on May 15, 2022. The Finnish President and the Government ’ s Ministerial Committee on Foreign and Security Policy approved Finland ’ s application to join NATO.
Since then, Turkey ’ s “one-man border ” has blocked Finland and Sweden from joining NATO, and has made itself the target of the United States and Russia at the same time. Ankara has gained dual political bargaining space and can take the opportunity to advance long-planned geo-planning: On April 18, Turkey launched Operation Claw-Lock, a cross-border attack against Kurdish forces in northern Iraq, and was tacitly approved by the United States and the Iraqi government. Erdoğan ’ s announcement that he would return to northern Syria on the 23rd should also be a judgment that the Russian military will not respond forcefully, just as Russia has“ turned a blind eye ” to its continued supply of Ukrainian drones and the signing of a framework agreement on military cooperation with Tajikistan.
To be fair, regardless of the performance of the Russian military field, Moscow is now engaged in a high-intensity confrontation with the West, and indeed does not risk offending the capital of this "hub" of Turkey, not to mention the fact that Syria's Arctic organizations and Kurdish forces are indeed hostile to the government forces. degree of acquiescence.
Of course, from another point of view, Turkey and Russia can be mutually beneficial at the moment, and the United States, Turkey, the United States and Russia are deeply related, in other words, if the United States offers a better price, Turkish-Russian relations may not be able to heat up smoothly.
From the era of independence through the Cold War to the collapse of the Soviet Union, Turkey has always anchored itself in the Western camp, and although it is particularly sensitive to global power transfer and geopolitical instability, it has never lost its desire for Western recognition.
However, this tradition gradually changed with the outbreak of the Arab Spring in 2010.
In the context of multiple civil wars and the withdrawal of the United States from the Middle East, Turkey saw a new geographical opportunity and began to gradually adjust its traditional pro-Western route, actively intervening in Middle East affairs and pursuing a dominant position, while emphasizing the development of practical relations with China and Russia and pursuing a more independent foreign policy.
Such thinking is reflected in the artillery fire that has entered Syria, and also in the body involved in the Russian-Ukrainian conflict.
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Originally built as a Byzantine cathedral in 537 AD, it was converted into an Ottoman mosque in 1453 and later secularized into a museum in 1935 under the directive of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey.

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Content: POINT OF VIEW
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CONFIDENCE TO THE AUTHORITIES BECAME A SCANDAL TRIGGER WITH AN INVESTMENT PROJECT IN ABKHAZIA
News Friday, 08 July 2022 19: 54
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Sukhum.
July 8, 2022.
Abkhazia-Inform.
The backstage format of the discussion of a large investment project for the construction of the village caused a resonance in Abkhazia.
Residents of the republic demanded not to sell land to foreigners, as they saw the threat of fraud with investments, because of which their amount can then be a burden on the budget of the republic, analysts interviewed by the "Caucasian Knot" indicated.
Resonance among the residents of Abkhazia after the report that the authorities of Abkhazia are negotiating a deal on the sale of land, was caused due to the fact that the territory of the republic is small, and therefore the land issue is very sensitive, said Izida Chania, editor of the "Neuzhnaya Gazeta".
“Our republic is very small.
500 hectares of land is a very large area for us.
The second factor is the letter itself.
If you look at the text of the letter, you will see that it is written in a very strange language for the investor.
This caused great suspicions that we are not talking about a serious project, but about some kind of fraud, ” she told the correspondent of the “Caucasian Knot ”.
Abkhazia was already in debt when it took from Russia in 2008 a loan of two billion rubles for the restoration of the railway, she added.
“Most experts believe that this is an adventure like a project to obtain a loan for the construction of a railway.
We were promised that the business would pay for this project, but in the end we all pay for this project for many years, ” the analyst explained.
On July 5, the Telegram-channel Respublika published photos of a letter addressed to the Prime Minister of Abkhazia, Alexander Ankvab, in which a German company proposes to invest six billion euros in Abkhazia for the construction of an urban-type settlement (for 10-12 thousand people).
The investor asked to allocate a plot of 500 hectares and provide a declaration of intent, as well as state guarantees in the amount of six billion euros, to avoid an investment collapse in the event of a change of government.
The answer to the German company is no longer the Prime Minister, but the President Aslan Bzhania, who confirms interest and guarantees the provision of land, said in the publication.
Particularly residents of Abkhazia were alarmed by the fact that the investor requires a guarantee for an investment of 6 billion euros.
This amounts to 35 annual budgets of Abkhazia, Izida Chania pointed out.
“In our opinion, this amount – 6 billion euros – is very large for Abkhazia.
Our budget is 11 billion rubles.
That is, the money is not comparable to our budget, and if such a debt falls on the shoulders of Abkhazia, then, taking into account the external debt on the railway, the external debt for electricity consumption, then all this together will be simply unbearable for Abkhazia, ” Chania stressed.
She also drew attention to the discrepancy between the consideration of the letter and the procedure adopted in Abkhazia.
That is, the letter goes to the Prime Minister, and it would be logical to assume that this letter would be answered by the Prime Minister, who would deal with specific issues – the study of the project itself, technical details.
In addition, we have an investment agency under the Ministry of Economy and it would be logical if this letter was sent not to the president, but to this agency that would deal with legal details, the profitability of this project, economic feasibility, risk assessment, ” explained Izida Chania.
It was strange that the president responded to this letter and gave some guarantees without studying the issue, she added.
It is also alarming that the investor does not specify the ways of transferring money, the analyst noted.
“What is more alarming is that the letter was written at the end of March, and it is very strange that in a situation when sanctions are imposed, an investment project goes to Abkhazia.
This is the first, and the second – investment projects in Abkhazia, especially when it comes to European companies, this is a very difficult thing.
We do not have SWIFT, we have money transferred to accounts, that is, they go through Russia, and today through Russia, as you understand, it is impossible to transfer money, ” Chania said.
She also believes that the resonance with the investment project on the construction of the village did not affect the rating of the authorities.
“The current government ’ s rating is already so undermined that there is nowhere to undermine it further.
Of course, this caused discontent, indignation.
Of course, people think that this is a scam, ” explained Isis Chania.
Residents of Abkhazia have fears that if the settlement is built, then foreigners will live there, said blogger Kirill Bazilevsky.
“Given the situation with the demographics and the failed repatriation program, ” he told the“ Caucasian Knot ” correspondent.
In his opinion, the greatest resonance among residents caused the backstage nature of negotiations on a major deal.
“Although, it is quite possible that there were no specific negotiations.
There is a letter from an unknown company, which, most likely, and close to no such money.
There is a formal in essence answer, ” the analyst stressed.
Guarantees for investments have also caused public concern that the debt will later fall on the budget of Abkhazia.
However, there is very little information about the project.
“Elementary mathematical calculations easily show the discrepancy of the declared investments to the project, ” Bazilevsky said.
All this project looks frivolous, but even if it were undertaken to implement, then without public discussion and discussion in parliament would not be done, he believes.
Moreover, the opposition is trying to use the slightest excuse to attack the authorities.
In my opinion, the whole story, rather, suggests that the authorities themselves did not have time to deal with this proposal, and it became available to the public.
Since, in my opinion, if they understood, they simply would not continue to communicate with a dubious company, ” the analyst said.
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Read 8 times Last modified on Friday, 08 July 2022 20: 09
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Content: POINT OF VIEW
January 14 2024
TRAPSH: MONEY OF WESTERN “FRIENDS ” FOR INFLUENCE ON ABKHAZIA IS NEEDED IN GEORGIAN NPOs
Sukhum.
January 14, 2024.
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DEMAND FOR TOURS TO ABKHAZIA IS GROWING, PRICES ARE ALSO
News Wednesday, 27 March 2024 17: 01
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Sukhum.
27 March 2024.
Abkhazia-Inform.
The Ministry of Economic Development reported on the restoration of air communication with Abkhazia, the first test flight will take place this year.
At the same time, it is unlikely that the opening of the airport in Sukhum can be expected in the near future - this summer season, Russians going to Abkhazia will still fly to Sochi.
According to experts, direct flights will certainly spur the growth of tourist flow, but now the demand for rest in the country is breaking records.
In some companies, an increase of tens of percent is recorded, in some – at times.
However, at the end of the year, the growth will not be so significant due to the banal lack of rooms.
The airport is needed, the question is the price
"It is much easier for travelers to pass passport control at the airport, and not at the land border - this is a big plus from the point of view of tourists and an argument in favor of choosing a flight through Sukhum, - the press service of the tour operator" Alean "explains. - The opening of the airport should have a positive effect on the tourist flow."
However, according to experts, it is not yet clear how much passenger traffic will be able to serve the new airport.
If there are few flights in the schedule, and the prices, respectively, will be high, tourists will continue to give preference to the airport in Sochi.
It is also necessary to take into account the remoteness of the Sukhumi airport from different resorts of the republic.
So, the transfer to Gagra from Sochi takes less time than from Sukhum.
In "Intourist" emphasize that the airport is needed for the growth of tourist flow in parts remote from the border with Russia - Sukhum, Ochamchira, where the hotel sector is actively developing.
Transfer to these areas takes up to 2.5 hours.
To this you need to add time at the border: in the season queues there can take up to three hours.
The general director of the tour operator "Dolphin" Sergey Romashkin notes: the trial flight does not mean that the airport will work in full force.
It takes a huge amount of investment, you need to bring equipment.
“I would say that this story is for two or three years, ” the expert suggests.
Tours for the summer are bought up in winter
At the same time, the companies note that the demand for Abkhazia among Russian tourists at the beginning of the year increased significantly, with some tour operators - to record values.
“There is no doubt that Abkhazia will be one of the most popular beach destinations for the summer and velvet season, ” Intourist comments.“ Sales of tours there for early booking are five times higher than last year, this is probably one of the most successful campaigns in our history of sales of the destination. ”
In “Alean ” also report that in the winter (from December to February) early bookings were very active.
By the last week of March, sales of summer tours to Abkhazia increased by 35% compared to the volume of bookings for the same dates last year.
In retail, there is a similar picture.
According to the group of companies "Sletat.ru", the demand for tours to Abkhazia for these May holidays is 2.3 times higher than a year earlier.
The number of applications for travel in the summer is now 85% more than in the same period of 2023.
Level.Travel noted an increase in the depth of booking this year: of the total volume, 47% of tours were bought for the period June-September, against 35% for the same period of sales in 2023.
Places will end in April
However, according to experts, this does not mean that the same growth will be recorded at the end of the year.
“Abkhazia is the number two foreign destination after Turkey.
This year, the planned tourist flow is estimated at 2-2.5 million people, that is, the total growth will be 5-10%.
The country would have taken more, but for two years now there is a shortage of seats in Abkhazia.
Building a good hotel takes three years.
If they knew that they would need hotels, they would start building in 2021, but it was a pandemic time, ” explains Sergey Romashkin.
According to him, in “Dolphin ” early booking also increased by 50%.
Tourists realized that in April the places will run out and it will be extremely difficult to buy something for July-August, so they do it in advance.
In Alean, the growth in demand is associated with the activity of returning tourists, and with the improvement of the concepts of accommodation facilities, an increase in the number of hotels in the middle price segment, focused on family holidays.
Prices are rising, service is also
According to the specialists of the tour operator "Alean", on June 16 in the resort part of the city of Gagra, the hotel "Emerald" will open on the first coastline.
This is a modern 16-storey complex with a heated swimming pool.
From September 1, it will also open a spa center.
Price for two in June - from 74 600 rubles, catering system: full board and buffet (without flight).
In general, the growth in the cost of tours in companies is estimated at 20-40%.
“Most tourists go to Abkhazia for 7-10 nights.
In 2024, the average check for two for such a duration increased by 41%, 109 thousand rubles instead of 77 thousand last summer, ” – reported in Level.Travel.
According to "Sletat.ru", the average check for tours in the summer months for the year increased by 20%, to 110 800 rubles.
The average duration of rest in Abkhazia this time remained the same - 9 nights.
The group of companies specifies that now you can book a vacation in Abkhazia for two for 7 nights during the May holidays with accommodation in a 4 * hotel and a type of food "full board" by paying from 56 700 rubles.
According to the same parameters with departure in the first half of June - from 79 500 rubles.
Flights are included in the tour price.
However, as explained in “Aleana ”, the rise in price is not always associated with general inflation.
Prices for tours to those accommodation facilities that have switched from full board to "all inclusive" ("Europe", Grand Hotel "Russia", "Country of the Soul") increased by 30%.
For the rest, the company says, the rise in price was an average of 15% compared to last year's figures.
Author: Svetlana Baeva
Read 6 times Last modified on Wednesday, 27 March 2024 17: 06
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How did Hagia Sophia become important for Muslims?

Sultan Mehmed II converted Hagia Sophia into a mosque,making it a key religious site for Muslims for centuries.

No--In 1934, Ataturk turned it into a museum, making it a major tourist attraction and secular symbol in Turkey.

When was Hagia Sophia built and under whose rule?

How did Hagia Sophia become important for Muslims?

Sultan Mehmed II converted Hagia Sophia into a mosque,making it a key religious site for Muslims for centuries.

No--In 1934, Ataturk turned it into a museum, making it a major tourist attraction and secular symbol in Turkey.

When was Hagia Sophia built and under whose rule?

How did Hagia Sophia become important for Muslims?

Sultan Mehmed II converted Hagia Sophia into a mosque,making it a key religious site for Muslims for centuries.

No--In 1934, Ataturk turned it into a museum, making it a major tourist attraction and secular symbol in Turkey.

When was Hagia Sophia built and under whose rule?

How did Hagia Sophia become important for Muslims?

Sultan Mehmed II converted Hagia Sophia into a mosque,making it a key religious site for Muslims for centuries.

No--In 1934, Ataturk turned it into a museum, making it a major tourist attraction and secular symbol in Turkey.

When was Hagia Sophia built and under whose rule?

In July 2020, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan issued a decree re-converting Hagia Sophia into a mosque, sparking global controversy.

Title:

Content: Al-Aqsa Mosque is the center of the conflict.
Does the world hear the voice of Muslims?
The world is witnessing a lot of events that need to be analyzed and interpreted for the public to understand, but the global media system does not provide the knowledge that can help people to face the dangers that threaten the existence of humanity and portend that the conflict in the world is heading to a new phase.
One of the most important signs of events is that the global conflict is becoming increasingly complex, so the media needs to develop their functions and achieve justice in the presentation of opinions and positions, the bias of the Western media to (Israel) led to the ignorance and misleading of the masses and the falsification of their consciousness and the failure to form a global public opinion can protect the world from a total explosion.
The bias towards Israel has been linked to prejudice against Muslims and not giving them the opportunity to clarify their positions, vision and narrative of events, and this constitutes a state of general injustice to them, and at the same time leads to misleading the masses and reduce their ability to fight against the forces that want to ignite wars and destroy humanity. The conflict turns into a full-scale war.
Why is the conflict over Jerusalem?
The media did not try to explain the events to the public or provide an answer to important questions: Why is the conflict revolving around Al-Aqsa Mosque?
Why do right-wing extremists in Israel insist on slaughtering the sacrifices inside it, while unarmed Palestinian Muslims sacrifice their lives to defend it?
And what does sacrifice mean?
There is a clash between two visions that cannot be reconciled, so an all-out war will ignite because of Al-Aqsa Mosque, and the arrival of the extreme right led by Ben Gvir to rule in Israel is a prelude to an explosion that can only be avoided if the world has wisdom and a global public opinion is formed to confront the Israeli plans and force the Israeli government to curb the extremists who want to sacrifice inside the mosque as a start to establish the temple. achieved.
This vision is embraced by all Zionists, but in previous years Israeli governments have prevented extremists from trying to slaughter sacrifices so as not to explode an all-out war and work to postpone the construction of the Temple.
READ ALSO: Jeddah consultative meeting confirms "Al-Aqsa Mosque is pure for Muslims"
Now the far-right have come to power, and they have found that the opportunity has come to realize their dream, because the Arab countries are subject to them and cannot confront them, and they wish the satisfaction of America, which protects (Israel) and guarantees its superiority and control over the region.
People are defending the world.
The Palestinians realized the nature of the historical period and its circumstances, and their means of defending Al-Aqsa Mosque was to be in it, to sit and perform Taraweeh prayers, to prevent the extremist Israeli government from allowing the slaughter of the sacrifices so that it would not turn into a massacre.
The world must be aware of the dangers of the Israeli plan to build the Temple on the ruins of the mosque. If the war has been postponed for another year, thanks to the Murabitans who were able to protect Al-Aqsa Mosque during the month of Ramadan. If the media provided knowledge to the public and revealed the facts, people all over the world will realize that the Murabitans are defending their mosque. Al-Aqsa defends humanity ’ s right to life and existence and protects the world from all-out war.
The world ’ s respect for the Islamic faith
In order for the world to have a comprehensive picture of the events, the media must provide the opportunity for Muslims to present their vision and clarify their faith, this is no longer a right for them alone, it is a right for all the masses in the world, and without this vision no one will be able to understand the events.
In order to protect the world from an all-out war in the region, a global public opinion must be formed that rejects the encroachment on Al-Aqsa Mosque and prevents Israel from carrying out its plan to demolish it and to stand up to the extremists.
The demolition of the Al-Aqsa Mosque to establish the Temple clearly means that millions of Muslims will sacrifice their lives for it and there will be massacres unimaginable because of ignorance of the place of this mosque in the Islamic faith, and the world must possess wisdom and fairness, everyone on earth has the right to freedom of religion, and certainly this includes Muslims.
Zionist Myths in the Face of Islamic Belief
If the media opened the way to explain the Islamic faith, the world would realize the status of Al-Aqsa Mosque in it, and that the attack on this mosque will push events to escalate, and no one will be able to face the fire that could burn the world.
Muslims believe that the Al-Aqsa Mosque was built by angels during the reign of our father Adam, peace be upon him, 40 years after the construction of the Holy Mosque, and that God entrusted to his prophets to care for and protect this mosque, including Solomon, peace be upon him, who did not build a temple but preserved the Al-Aqsa Mosque and Abdullah in it.
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) is a Prophet (peace be upon him) who worships Allah and cannot build a temple at all. He is accused of building a temple that is an offence to him, and Muslims refuse to offend the Prophets, and Muslims are those who know the stories of the Prophets and are the custodians of these stories.
He who desires to know the true stories of the Prophets of Allah, the Muslims can provide him with the knowledge that came in the Qur ’ an, which is the words of Allah, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) through the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).
There is no room to compromise or negotiate the faith, or to exploit the weakness of Muslims in this era to reach compromises, and the only solution is to respect the faith of Muslims to avoid clashes.
Link to the Grand Mosque
Muslims believe that Al-Aqsa Mosque is linked to the Holy Mosque, and this is clear in Sura Al-Isra, and that Allah Almighty is the prisoner of His slave from the Holy Mosque to Al-Aqsa Mosque, where an Imam prayed to the prophets of God, and this carries connotations, the most important of which is the delivery of the prophets to the message and trust and call for the unification of God and worship and protection of Al-Aqsa Mosque to the Prophet Muhammad.
Accordingly, the Islamic Ummah is charged with defending and protecting Al-Aqsa Mosque, and for its sake it can sacrifice all that it owns, and it is a great honor in this world and win the Hereafter that the Muslim sacrifices his soul in defense of this Mosque, and this explains the behavior of the Almoravids in the Mosque and their insistence on protecting it with their lives. Israel understands this better than the Arab regimes, which are only interested in stability.
The liberation of the mosque is an Islamic civilizational project
The believers aspired to liberate Al-Aqsa Mosque from the Roman Empire as a cornerstone of the Islamic civilizational project, and the study of the behavior of the leaders and armies that carried out this great task shows many facts, the most important of which is to be careful not to shed blood and open the way for the Roman army to leave the region. Ben the surgeon.
This is the area of knowledge-based leadership that manages a civilizational conflict with knowledge and science before weapons, so the field commander should have been Abu Obeida, and the commander in chief should have been Omar ibn al-Khattab, the Commander of the Faithful, who came to open it himself and protect the rights of Christians in Jerusalem.
Throughout their history, Muslims have been keen to turn Jerusalem into a center of knowledge or a major university where students learn to become scholars who spread the light of Islam in their countries, and this explains how most of the martyrs killed by the Crusaders were students.
The Crusaders did not respect the civilizational function of the holy city, so they shed the blood of 70 thousand students of science until their horses fought in the blood that flooded Al-Aqsa Mosque, but the Islamic Ummah continued to dream of liberating the mosque until Saladin was able to unite the nation and achieve the great goal.
The liberation of Al-Aqsa Mosque remains a goal of the life of every Muslim who dreams of achieving it and prepares himself and his children for it, and (Israel) is well aware of this and knows that the Islamic Ummah is now in a state of weakness and no longer defend the mosque except the Almoravids who have only their faith in God and their confidence in his victory.
The weak can rise up and build strength.
Everyone must understand the lessons of history, the most important of which is that the weak can rise up, create, create, produce their weapons, resist and insist on achieving their great goal and that the world is now witnessing a lot of events that can help us to look to the future.
The sight of the Almoravids praying for God and defending the mosque can contribute to the re-awareness of the Islamic Ummah of its function and civilizational project and push people to rearrange their life goals, and this pushes them to a comprehensive uprising that constitutes a new world in which the Islamic Ummah occupies its place and plays a new historical role in providing knowledge to the peoples and leading their struggle to freedom from old and new colonialism.
Perhaps one of the most important achievements of the Almoravids in Al-Aqsa Mosque is to restore awareness to the people and liberate them from ignorance. Those who defend their Al-Aqsa Mosque have built their perspective on life. According to that perspective, martyrdom to achieve a great goal is the end that befits the man who was honored by God.
But can there be peace in all of this?
The answer is: Yes, when a global public opinion is formed that pressures Israel to leave Jerusalem to its rightful owners and move away from it, but the extreme right will continue to implement its plan to achieve its dream of building the Temple, and this marks the beginning of an all-out war.
Will the media do its job to explain and interpret the events and open the way for Muslims to present their story to humanity and save the world from a war in which the blood of millions can be shed?
Yes, we want to save humanity, but through dialogue, justice, respect for the faith of Muslims and not to exploit its weakness, and not to use brute force against it, and protect its right to know the facts to face the danger wisely. Brute force is used in sabotage, destruction and annihilation.

No--In 1934, Ataturk turned it into a museum, making it a major tourist attraction and secular symbol in Turkey.

Who was angered by the reconversion of Hagia Sophia in July 2020?

Why did Erdogan restore Hagia Sophia as a mosque in 2020?

Because he wanted to end its 86-year museum status to return it to its original role as a mosque.

No--In 1934, Ataturk turned it into a museum, making it a major tourist attraction and secular symbol in Turkey.

Who was angered by the reconversion of Hagia Sophia in July 2020?

Why did Erdogan restore Hagia Sophia as a mosque in 2020?

Because he wanted to end its 86-year museum status to return it to its original role as a mosque.

This report delves into the religious and political dimensions of this decision, particularly focusing on the criticism it has garnered.

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The Nakba of Al-Naqash in Qatar and Biden ’ s Record with Theft of Ideas
Ali Al-Ameem
Posted in: Last Updated:
Reflecting on the justifications by which Rajaa al-Naqash called on the University of Jordan to hold a public scientific trial for Dr. Abdul Majid Abdul Salam al-Muhtaseb, in which he considered that throwing charges without account in his book “Taha Hussein Thinker ” allows the University to withdraw his scientific title, we will note that it did not mention the extremism of the religious Muhtaseb.
His critical article, published in Al-Hilal magazine, on Anwar Al-Jundi ’ s book “Taha Hussein: His Life and Thought in the Balance of Islam, ” is devoid of this fundamental, important and radical reference.
Religious extremism did not miss the hope of the discussion to see it, because it was something visible in these two books, and in everything that is classified within the circle of the « contemporary Islamic book », but he did not want to refer to it, because he realized that referring to such a thing provoked the anger of Islamists, and the gentleman avoided angering them.
This is in line with the policy he adopted later, which is to refrain from criticizing Islamists or engage with them in a cultural debate or provide an analytical reading of some aspects of contemporary Islamic discourse, as some of his fellow Egyptian literary critics did shortly after the rise of religious extremism in Egypt, and soon after Sheikh Al-Azhari Mohammed Metwally Al-Shaarawi, Tawfiq al-Hakim, Zaki Najib Mahmoud and Youssef Idris accused of driss of driss of driss. It is misleading and misleading, and that the latter are misguided by the will, and his challenge to them to confront him in a debate on Egyptian television!
This incident occurred in 1983.
The Islamists aligned themselves with him in his religious attack on these three, although many of them were at the time repugnant to him for purely political reasons.
It is this policy adopted by Rajaa al-Naqash that made his writing a presentation on the Islamists and the religious a few times, which is dominated by leniency and understanding.
He was doing so with a severe ordeal by these two groups in Qatar.
Days after the publication of Hussein Ahmed Amin ’ s article in the magazine “Doha ”, the March 1 issue, entitled“ Denouncing the Bida ’ a and Hate the New ” and Rajaa al-Naqash was then its editor-in-chief, the police officers went with a warrant for his arrest, issued by the head of the Sharia courts in Qatar, Sheikh Abdullah bin Zaid al-Mahmoud.
Raja al-Nassar was surprised by the arrest warrant, and at this moment he was preparing to fly an hour later with the Emir of Qatar, Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad al-Thani, who was close to him, to India to attend the Non-Aligned Conference in New Delhi “if the Emir, despite his Egyptian nationality, had appointed him as a member of Qatar ’ s official delegation to the summit.
He therefore asked the police to wait until he telephoned the Prince at his palace to receive instructions from him.
The prince was surprised by the news and asked to speak to the officer, and told him that calling the debate to appear before the head of the sharia courts could be postponed until he returned from India.
After four days of anxiety and fear, the emir of Qatar did not succeed in reassuring him by removing them: “The hope of discussion with the emir returned to Doha the following evening (Saturday).
Upon his arrival from his palace, the Emir called Abdulrahman al-Khulaifi, Undersecretary of the Ministry of Information, and asked him to accompany the discussion in the morning of the following day (Sunday, March 13) to the headquarters of the head of the sharia courts, to tell the Sheikh that the Emir recommends him to reach an understanding with hope, and to address the matter in wisdom and guidance.
The court was composed of four sharia judges headed by Sheikh Abdullah bin Zaid al-Mahmoud.
I tried him for publishing Hussein Ahmed Amin ’ s aforementioned article, and for publishing a previous article by this writer, entitled “Reflections on the Truth of Abu Lahab. ”
The authors admitted their error in authorizing their publication.
In the text of the court ’ s ruling after presenting the merits of the lawsuit, these judges said: “The judges unanimously decided that the least punishment that the editor-in-chief deserves is to be expelled from the country immediately and to prevent the publication of any articles by Hussein Ahmed Amin in in the State of Qatar.
We also recommend to all Islamic countries not to enable him to spread his poison through their media. ”
The source from which this piece of information was transmitted did not indicate that the deportation order from Qatar had not been implemented.
This is because Raja al-Naqash remained editor-in-chief of the Doha magazine until its closure after the August 1, 1986 issue.
It seems that the Emir of Qatar interceded with him before the Sharia courts to overturn the decision to remove him from Qatar.
For his part, the discussion has never told this story or hinted at it in an article, book, lecture or in a press interview with him.
He did not even address it in the comprehensive dialogue held with him by Magdy Al-Dakkak, in which he talked about the history of his literary, journalistic and practical life, which was part of the articles of the honorary issue of him, which was published by the magazine « Al-Hilal » about him under the title « Please debate: pen and man », issued on February 1, 2007.
That's why his story was subject to untrue gossip.
For example, what was rumored among some Arab intellectuals and journalists, in the last half of the eighties and in the first half of the nineties, that because of an article published in the magazine « Doha », he was sentenced to flogging, and to avoid this matter was hastily installed on the first flight to Egypt, so as not to apply this legal limit.
I heard it with my own ears, and they saw it as a matter of entertainment and ridicule for it and for the host country.
Recently, I read more than one article by Egyptian journalists, and I saw a program on an Egyptian channel broadcast by an Egyptian journalist, in which they narrated the story in a wrong way.
The only source who told the whole story in all its details and precise circumstances was Hussein Ahmed Amin, a key player.
In his book, “Characters I Know. ”
In the portrait he wrote about Raja al-Naqash, unlike the portraits he wrote about other figures in his book, what he wrote about him was limited to how he began writing in Doha magazine while serving as minister in charge of the Egyptian Embassy in West Germany, and about the beginning of the case and its course moment by moment and the factors affecting it: the Qatari religious establishment, the Muslim Brotherhood, and Egyptians who distinguished them from the Muslim Brotherhood. The Muslim Brotherhood moved.
“They are always imams in the field of stabbing each other and setting each other up, especially outside where they are fighting and flocking for a living. ”
In this portrait, he published excerpts from the text of the court ’ s ruling, which he said was about seven pages long, and a copy was provided by Qatar ’ s ambassador to Egypt.
The importance of what Hussein Ahmed Amin narrated in this story is not only because he was the author of the article that was filled with the hope of discussion, but it is clear from his novel that what provided him with its internal details is the hope of discussion.
Hussein Ahmed Amin cannot surround her as accurately as he told him because he lives outside Qatar.
In connection with this story, the writer and critic of the Muslim Brotherhood, Dr. Helmy Mohammed Al-Qaoud, said the reason for the migration of the hope of discussion to Qatar to work as a journalist.
In a book he wrote a few years after Rajaa al-Naqash ’ s death entitled “Happy Minorities: A Diary of Rebellion and Tolerance ”, which challenges the historical fact that President Anwar Sadat used Islamists to fight them against the Egyptian left opposed to him, one of the symptoms of his denunciation was Sadat ’ s intervention to persuade the Qatari government to receive the hope of discussion to establish a newspaper (Qatari Raya), fearing that it would become a nationality.! ».
What Al-Qaoud said, is a lie that he composed and removed from his obsessions, in order to challenge and falsify a historical truth.
How can Qatar, in 1979, the year in which the hope of discussion went to Qatar, accept Sadat ’ s mediation by receiving the hope of discussion to establish the newspaper « Al-Raya », which is a signatory to the decision to boycott Egypt at the conference of the Arab boycott of Egypt held in Baghdad in February 1978?
How can Sadat “intervene ” with Qatar in this very special request, when he said what he said?!
The lie that Al-Qaoud composed and brought out of his andiyas, came from among other symptoms, to prove that Sadat did not need the help of Islamists, because he was, as he claimed, using many communists or the left!
If the discussion had been so close to Anwar Sadat that he would have personally interfered with the Emir of Qatar, asking him to assign him the task of establishing Al-Raya newspaper, Anwar Sadat would not have summoned Al-Hilal ’ s board chairwoman, Omnia Al-Said, and asked her not to issue a decision appointing Al-Hilal magazine ’ s editor-in-chief.
It was Joseph Sebai who pushed him to emigrate to Qatar, when he narrowed the doors of livelihood in Egypt.
He was entrusted with the task of creating the newspaper « Raya », and was subsequently appointed by the editor of « Doha » magazine is his good friend, good Saleh.
Returning to the reasons under which Rajab al-Naqash asked the University of Jordan to hold a scientific trial of Dr. Abdul Majid Abdul Salam al-Muhtaseb, I say about his reasons that they were weak and weak.
Had he referred to the extremism of the religious book Taha Hussein Thinker and included this reference among his justifications, he would have at least sounded the alarm early on in the growth of Islamic intellectual extremism in the Arab world.
The trend that Muhammad Muhammad Hussein created in contemporary Islamic writing and followed in the beginning, Ghazi al-Tawba, Abd al-Majid Abd al-Salam al-Muhtaseb and Anwar al-Jundi, created an Islamic intellectual radicalization towards the Arab Renaissance generation (some of whom had an Islamic religious orientation), towards Taha Hussein and his descendants, and towards later generations in Arab culture.
This trend has bequeathed to more than a generation of Islamists a hatred for all of them.
The legacy of religious hatred is not limited to this trend, as the "contemporary Islamic book" in its entirety, along with the Islamic cassette, caused this disturbing, harmful and heinous thing on various levels, and in several topics and in trivial issues and issues of danger.
The request from the University of Jordan to withdraw the doctoral degree from Abdul Majid Abdul Salam al-Muhtaseb, and the latter ’ s statement in response: “I know that professors in the universities of Britain, France and the rest of Europe do not retaliate against each other because of differences of opinion, ” invites us to know what the West has in this regard.
In the West there is something called hate crimes.
In Europe and America, laws have been enacted to prosecute those who commit them.
By the time Rajaa submitted his previous request (1979), and Muhtaseb invoked a European reference in his response (1982), hate crimes in Europe and America included denial of the Holocaust, anti-Semitism, racism and sexism.
In recent years, hatred against Islam, Muslims, Roma, ethnic minorities and homosexuals has been added.
Denial of the Holocaust entails dismissal of a professor, trial, imprisonment, fine and defamation.
If a university professor is reputable and rarely specialized in the market of the academic world (tenured professor), that is, a university professor for life, his university job guarantees him to say what he wants, and teach what he wants without fear for his job, he is questioned in the courts, and may be prevented from teaching but not dismissed from his job.
Antisemitic, racist and sexist crimes, with the professor prosecuted and denounced, are punished less in America than in Europe, and rarely in court because the US legislative doctrine is broad and loose, relying on the first article added to the Constitution, which affirms the absolute right of expression.
In the crime of plagiarism, if the perpetrator is a university professor for life, it is dealt with by a settlement accompanied by a reprimand, a fine and a request for an apology, and he continues in his job.
If the perpetrator is not a university professor for life, he or she is dismissed from his or her university.
He cannot attend another university to teach at.
If the perpetrator is in an electoral function, he is reprimanded.
It is worth recalling in this context what happened with current US President Joe Biden.
In 1965, when he was in his first year of law school at Syracuse University, a professor at the faculty discovered that in a legal paper he had written, he had quoted five pages from an article in Fordham without indicating the source of his quote, and had admitted to the theft and justified it as having done it in good faith.
When he became a senator in 1972, the issue was raised, and he repeated his apology.
In the 1987 US presidential race, he withdrew his name from the nomination in 1988, because he discovered that he had been cited in a speech by the British politician and leader of the Labour Party, Neil Kinnock, without specifying the source of his martyrdom.
In the 2020 election, he discovered quotes by Bernie Sanders, and discovered quotes by Bill Clinton in previous elections without attributing them to her supporters.
In this latest election, there was renewed talk of him stealing from Neil Kinnock ’ s speech, and the latter proceeded to exonerate him, that he had done it unintentionally.
He praised himself and vilified the person of former President Donald Trump.
By the way, comments about his thefts of ideas in some Western newspapers continue to this day.
And to talk the rest.
Quote from "The Middle East"
Disclaimer: All published articles represent the opinion of their authors only.
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What political motivations influenced Erdogan's decision to reconvert Hagia Sophia?

Erdogan's decision was influenced by Turkey's Islamic resurgence.

What political motivations influenced Erdogan's decision to reconvert Hagia Sophia?

Erdogan's decision was influenced by Turkey's Islamic resurgence.

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Erdogan's decision was influenced by Turkey's Islamic resurgence.

#### Historical Context
Hagia Sophia’s transformation over centuries reflects the shifting power dynamics in the region:
- **Byzantine Era (537–1453)**: Built as the Orthodox patriarchal cathedral, it was

Title:

Content: General / Saudi Newspapers
Monday 17 / 9 / 1443 H corresponding to 18 / 04 / 2022
Riyadh 17 Ramadan 1443 H corresponding to 18 April 2022
Today's headlines are:
In accordance with the directives of the King and the Crown...
The Kingdom converts its deposit with the Central Bank of Mauritania into a soft loan
Launching the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques Iftar Program in Cameroon
The Prince of Tabuk meets the people of Amlaj
Deputy Amir of Mecca receives Deputy Minister of Hajj and Umrah
The Kingdom participates in the 214th session of the Executive Council of UNESCO
The Kingdom condemns and deplores the deliberate abuse of the Holy Quran by some extremists in Sweden
The Prophet 's Mosque Agency receives beneficiaries of visitors and worshipers
15 thousand beneficiaries of health services in the vicinity of the Prophet 's Mosque
More than 1,848,923,925 Riyals Total Donations in IhsanRD Platform on its 10th day
The Civil Aviation Authority issues the classification of air transport service providers and airports for the month of March
Public Prosecution: Imprisonment and Fine Penalty for Creating Suspicious Fundraising Sites
Chinese Ambassador to the Kingdom Visits Jubail Industrial City
5.1-magnitude earthquake hits Indonesian island of Sulawesi
Zelensky invites Biden to visit Ukraine
French presidential candidate Le Pen accused of embezzlement
The newspapers focused on many files and issues in the local, regional and international affairs, and explained the newspaper "Riyadh" in its editorial entitled (Leaking of documents): The homeland can not be confined to a geographical area to which we belong proudly and happily without having to this homeland entitlements and duties that we commit to and reflect our love and loyalty to it. It is a sense and a sense of responsibility that the homeland is the highest and greatest value after the love of God and His Messenger.
The homeland and its leadership come as hierarchical values that are rooted in consciousness and conscience.
Loyalty to the homeland, in addition to being a belonging and a deep sense of responsibility, is a religious and moral value that our religion exhorts and forbids and warns against giving up or neglecting in the performance of its duties and entitlements.
We, the citizens, with our disciplined and responsible behaviors, preserve its capabilities and achievements and preserve it from tampering or waste, and then the reflection of this behavioral awareness on the ladder of our civilizational and human presence among nations.
She added: To belong to a civilized country with advanced spiritual, political and cultural presence is to be a bearer of a heavy responsibility that requires you to preserve the cultural, linguistic, religious and civilizational components of your country; a commitment, preservation and awareness that the homelands are fenced after God with their loyal patrilineal citizens who observe in this country its duties and entitlements without laxity or carelessness.
A relationship that frames this interaction between the homeland and citizens, preserves and regulates its relations and promotes the service of the public benefit of the homeland, which is automatically reflected on its citizens, their welfare, stability and security.
She considered that the government documents, especially the secret ones, constitute an important national value, which means that the leakage or tampering with them under any justification is unacceptable by any citizen, whatever his status; which makes the step taken by the National Center for Documentation and Archives recently a source of great satisfaction. Rally for national security.
She pointed out that the National Documentation Center published through its account on the social networking platform Twitter a video showing the seriousness of the work done by those who leak government documents through social media.
She stressed that it is very important what has been explained by the center about raising awareness of citizens of all categories of the danger of mishandling government documents, especially confidentiality, through the dissemination of information contrary to the regulations in force in this field, which may lead to serious damage to national security and the capabilities of the homeland and its gains.
She explained that what happens in the means of communication or through social applications to communicate from the leaking of documents is irresponsible and dangerous work must not be tolerated; here comes the bet on community awareness; and the need to raise the citizen sense towards such behaviors inconsistent with honesty, loyalty and true citizenship; we must be aware that true citizenship requires a responsible awareness that understands that education on citizenship is education on a culture of duty performance. Disseminate or leak any information of a confidential or even normal nature.
The importance of this commitment and action according to it is increasing behaviorally at the present time, as everyone with a reasonable mind does not lose sight of the magnitude of the challenges that our countries are going through and the conspiracies and attempts to militarize and distort and other cheap blackmail.
She concluded: It is hoped that this campaign will contribute to the definition of the degrees of confidentiality of government documents, the definition of the sanctions regime for publishing and disclosing government documents, and the definition of the mechanisms of correct handling of government documents, especially confidentiality, in accordance with the regulations of the Center, and highlight the risks of leakage and negative consequences resulting from the leakage of national information.
Our important role remains to ensure that confidential documents are not transmitted or disclosed either by photography or by leaking in any way.
In its editorial entitled "Consolidation of Integrity", Al-Bilad newspaper stressed: Combating corruption is one of the important addresses of the comprehensive and sustainable development process in the Kingdom, and it is a high priority of the wise leadership, God save it, to protect the capabilities of the state and the gains of the homeland, by eradicating corruption and tracking its crimes and crooked methods of bribery, exploitation of employment, money laundering and other crimes of corrupt....
She pointed out that within the framework of the successive successes, comes the announcement of the Control and Anti-Corruption Commission, yesterday, to start a number of criminal cases and complete the legal procedures against them.
With this high will, the Kingdom has achieved great successes in promoting integrity and an advanced position in the Transparency Index globally and continues its successes in this direction, which results in the establishment of the right values and moral, legal and legal commitment in the performance of work, and positive interaction from society.
In this context, the election of the Kingdom represented by the Commission as a member of the Board of Trustees of the International Anti-Corruption Academy confirms these great efforts of the Kingdom of the strength of its legislation and serious positions in support of integrity globally, and to prevent the severe damage of corruption to the economies of countries and peoples and the risks of money laundering and terrorism financing.
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06: 36 PM
0042.

No--In 1934, Ataturk turned it into a museum, making it a major tourist attraction and secular symbol in Turkey.

When was Hagia Sophia built and under whose rule?

Why is Hagia Sophia considered one of the greatest buildings in history?

Served as the central church of Byzantine Christianity,

No--In 1934, Ataturk turned it into a museum, making it a major tourist attraction and secular symbol in Turkey.

When was Hagia Sophia built and under whose rule?

Why is Hagia Sophia considered one of the greatest buildings in history?

Served as the central church of Byzantine Christianity,

No--In 1934, Ataturk turned it into a museum, making it a major tourist attraction and secular symbol in Turkey.

When was Hagia Sophia built and under whose rule?

Why is Hagia Sophia considered one of the greatest buildings in history?

Served as the central church of Byzantine Christianity,

No--In 1934, Ataturk turned it into a museum, making it a major tourist attraction and secular symbol in Turkey.

When was Hagia Sophia built and under whose rule?

Why is Hagia Sophia considered one of the greatest buildings in history?

Served as the central church of Byzantine Christianity,

No--In 1934, Ataturk turned it into a museum, making it a major tourist attraction and secular symbol in Turkey.

When was Hagia Sophia built and under whose rule?

Why is Hagia Sophia considered one of the greatest buildings in history?

Served as the central church of Byzantine Christianity,