# Slow Food Movement: A Comprehensive Report for the International Foodie Traveler

## Introduction

As a traveler and food enthusiast who appreciates farm-to-table dining, you're naturally curious about the Slow Food Movement's authenticity across different cultures.

This report explores the movement's origins, core principles, global manifestations, and whether the concept translates authentically beyond its Western roots.

## History and Background of the Slow Food Movement

### Origins and Founding

The Slow Food Movement was officially founded in 1989 by Carlo Petrini in Italy, though its roots trace back to 1986 when McDonald's opened its first location in Rome's Spanish Steps.

This event sparked Petrini's protest against fast food's encroachment on traditional Italian cuisine.

The movement emerged as a direct response to the increasing pace of modern life and the homogenization of food culture.

### Main Drivers and Founding Figures

**Carlo Petrini** is the undisputed leader and primary architect of

# Slow Food Movement: A Comprehensive Report for the International Foodie Traveler

## Introduction

As a traveler and food enthusiast who appreciates farm-to-table dining, you're naturally curious about the Slow Food Movement's authenticity across different cultures.

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Summary 2022
This year, we witnessed the changes and new perspectives of the catering industry after the epidemic - from the diversity of catering brands, people's thirst for high-quality ingredients, the old brands turning out the lights, local food vendors in the United States, to international chefs in Lion City.
Limited Time Dining Event Resumed International Chef to Explore the Warmth
After the epidemic, the market gradually opened, limited time catering activities resumed, many chefs came to the new art, in order to enter the local market to explore the temperature.
In 2022, Singapore ’ s international chefs include Peruvian chefs and couples, Central ’ s Virgilio Martinez and Kjolle ’ s Pia Leon bring limited-time dining concept Meters Above Sea Level, and Indian chef Gaggan Anand ’ s limited-time event, which started at the end of last year, has been extended to June 2022 due to enthusiastic response.
In October, Anand, who runs the Gaggan Anand restaurant of the same name in Thailand, teamed up with The Proper Concepts Collective, a local food and beverage group, to bring together Ms. Anand, a casual restaurant in Bangkok.
Maria & Mr.
Singh introduced the Lion City.
Overseas famous chefs come to the new opening, in order to cater to the local catering market, the high-end exquisite route, changed to the popular style.
The founder of The Proper Concepts Collective, The Feather Blade and RAPPU, both boast affordable dining experiences.
Maria & Mr.
Singh fits this point, the chef is cool but the price is friendly, dishes start at $12.
“Whether it ’ s a $98 15-course chef ’ s main menu at a Japanese restaurant or a $19 steak special menu, Singaporeans are always looking for a cost-effective dining experience.
E-commerce platforms such as Fave, social media Telegram, see people ’ s consumption mentality, launch various catering promotions or set up catering groups. ”
Tourism gradually opened up, Liang Xun Jie from a more macro perspective, think that this will help drive the flow of people in the two places, rather than "snatching" each other.
"In recent months, there have been more tourists, many of whom are familiar with the dishes of the famous chef Anand, and I believe that the cooperation with the famous chef will lead to the development of the catering industry in Xintai, which is mutually beneficial," he said.
Specialty food stores with special features
Singaporeans love food and enjoy chefs outside the home, cooking at home is not sloppy, with a selection of quality ingredients.
Specialty food stores have sprung up this year, each with its own characteristics.
Although the overall retail price of specialty store products is relatively expensive, it still attracts consumers.
Popular specialty food stores include Surrey Hills Grocer, which specializes in Australian food, The Butcher's Dining, and Bleu, a seafood specialty that sells Boston lobster and mature fish.
Among them, Surrey Hills Grocer has developed well and opened its second store in November at ION Orchard on Orchard Road.
Like the original Jurong store, the store has a retail area and a coffee stand with specialty ingredients and desserts designed by local chef Pang Kwok-keung.
One of the founders, Feng Yuting (34 years old), analyzed from both supply and demand, the epidemic caused transportation costs to rise, and climate change affected food production, which in turn affected prices.
Working with small farms, the ingredients are special, but the quantity is small and the price is high.
However, during the epidemic, more people went into the kitchen to cook and buy new and distinctive, healthier or sustainable sources of food, although the price of food materials rose but there is still demand.
Feng has opened a coffee shop in Australia, working directly with local farmers.
In addition to exclusive imports of agricultural products, we also share farm and brand stories with customers to let people understand the value of the products.
Chao Guan Jun (27 years old) is a Korean living in Singapore, and will choose special ingredients when cooking or hosting dinners.
"The choice of fine food stores is different from the general supermarket, and the quality is good, I don't mind paying a few dollars more," he said.
Go to a popular supermarket or retail store to buy, buy what you need and leave, but go to a boutique food store can be selected slowly, I enjoy the shopping process. "
From high-end to affordable plant meat morphology
Before the outbreak of the epidemic, the catering industry had been optimistic about the concept of healthy eating, advertised environmentally friendly and healthy plant meat, and continued to expand the table area under the epidemic.
According to Grab ’ s Singapore Food and Grocery Trends Report 2022, healthy foods and plant-based meat have become mainstream, with 60% of users having tried plant-based meat in the past six months, and GrabFood ’ s demand for healthy meals has also quadrupled.
Beyond Meat, founded in the United States in 2009, and Impossible Foods, founded in 2011, are the first plant-based meat brands that Chinese people came into contact with more than a decade ago.
At that time, the brand was mainly recommended to higher-end restaurants, mainly imitation beef and imitation chicken, and its products were limited to meatloaf, meatballs and kebabs made of minced meat.
Over the past decade, diners have become more aware of plant-based meat as an environmentally friendly alternative to nutrients such as protein.
Diners now see plant-based dishes on their menus, and their acceptance has increased dramatically; if not, they feel that the menu is “incomplete ”. In order to catch up with the era of healthy eating concepts, restaurants are competing to launch plant-based dishes as their main or selling point.
Prices are more competitive
In the past year, plant-based meat was no longer limited to Western food, but also appeared in Chinese restaurants, Japanese restaurants and local cuisine.
Supermarkets have more retail packaged vegetable meat, such as Green Rebel ’ s plant-based beef bento.
Recently, the fish ball brand BoBo (BoBo) launched the plant meat brand "Eat, Plant, Love" (EPL for short), and also cooperated with Lixing Chaozhou fish round noodles to launch a thin noodles, from fish cakes, minced meat, five spices to fried beans, are plant meat.
The brand wants to add a plant-based meat option to its hawker cuisine.
Dominique Kull, co-founder and president of SGProtein, a local plant-based meat manufacturer, said that factors such as increased production and a maturing supply chain have driven the price of plant-based meat from $40 to $70 per kilogram four years ago to $20 to $40 today, making it more competitive.
Cultivate meat to wait and see
Cultivated meat, which uses bioengineering to grow animal muscle cells, is another closely watched alternative meat.
Singapore is the first country in the world to sell cultured meat, and Good Meat, a brand of US food technology company Eat Just, has set up a factory in Singapore and will be operational in 2023.
Meatable, a Dutch plant-based meat start-up, and Love Handle, Asia ’ s first plant-based meat specialty store, set up an innovation center in the region to develop hybrid meat that combines plant-based meat and plant-based materials.
The chef is the owner of the restaurant.
Eat well and eat healthily is one; the pursuit of exquisite and unique experiences, and the pursuit of chef ’ s cooking (omakase) has become a new dining phenomenon.
The chef selects the best ingredients of the season, and then cooks the dishes for the diners with superb cooking skills. What the diners eat is left to the chef to decide, and the dishes to taste are unknown, which increases the expectations.
The charm of Japanese cuisine is unstoppable, making countless diners compete.
This year, more and more local Japanese concept restaurants, chef-driven restaurants are blooming everywhere, not only Japanese restaurants, Italian restaurants La D ’ Oro, Eurasian restaurants Sonder, Chinese restaurants HongtaoXuan have also launched chef-driven main menus.
In the early days, the chef made the main package, often hundreds of yuan, and now there are affordable and affordable choices, so that the chef is no longer "high on the top".
Local Japanese sushi and tempura restaurant Mizuki offers chefs the main menu for diners.
“The chef ’ s decision shouldn ’ t be limited to Japanese cuisine, it brings new experiences and new discoveries to diners, ” said Ms. Leung, the restaurant owner.
Mizuki chef Sasaki Yohhei believes that chef ownership allows chefs to showcase craftsmanship and creativity while giving diners more choice.
However, many people believe that the chef experience is expensive and highly profitable, which has attracted many operators to compete to share the cake.
Ms. Leung said that the cost of food management for chefs is challenging, and the lack of consistency in the ingredients used compared to regular fixed menus, coupled with seasonal ingredients that may cause price fluctuations if they hit peak times.
Sasaki believes that chef ownership is not the most cost-effective dining concept, because restaurants must import the best quality ingredients of the season.
“The reason why we see it growing in popularity is that diners are no longer looking for an authentic culinary experience, but for an experiential dining experience, where the chef meets these standards in terms of experience, expectation and freshness. ”
Chinese food brands target the youth market
Not only is the scale of Japanese food and beverage growing, the local Chinese food and beverage brands are also more and more open, and many well-known Chinese brands have landed in Singapore in 2022.
For example, the popular Chinese restaurant Meow Barbecue, yogurt brand Beyond Fruit, and the main ice cream ice city.
These popular brands in China seem to be optimistic about the potential and consumption capacity of the local market, and some will be the first overseas store in Singapore to test the overseas market.
They mainly target the market for young consumers, attracting young customers with a lively brand image and marketing strategy, and stores are also opened in areas where more young people are active, such as Cat Grill and Snow Ice City in Bugis + and Bugis Village, respectively.
Talking about the trend of increasing the number of local Chinese food brands, Fang Daqing, founder of Catch Grill, said: "Singapore is an open and inclusive country.
Here you can eat food from all over the world, and the level of food is also very high.
At present, the number of restaurants in China exceeds 12 million, with many brands, and many catering enterprises have done a lot of work in the management of supply chain, standardization, and informatization, which has laid a good foundation for catering enterprises to expand overseas markets out of China.
"There are more Chinese in Singapore and the demand for Chinese restaurants is also increasing, prompting many Chinese catering companies to start planning to expand the Singapore market," he said.
Many Chinese food and beverage brands choose to set up their first overseas store in Singapore, such as Cat Grill, which was founded in 2012, and has opened more than 30 stores in 10 major cities in China, and the first overseas stop is Lion City.
Fang Daqing believes that Singapore's laws and regulations are sound, the government's management is efficient and transparent, and Chinese catering enterprises can smoothly open their stores in Singapore as long as they follow the relevant regulations and guidelines of the government.
Local Old Firm Closing Ceremony
With the retirement of the older generation of restaurateurs, many of the established names have been closed in the past year, from pastry shops to western restaurants, loyal customers have felt sorry.
Some old shops choose to close because there is no successor, such as Tiong Bahru Galicier Pastry, a traditional pastry shop that has been open for more than 30 years, and there are endless queues on the last day of opening.
When the old hand-made pastry shop gradually entered history, but also represents the end of the hand-made pastry era, in today's era of convenience and speed, the younger generation is reluctant to take over the time-consuming and laborious traditional crafts, so that the old shop faces the fate of no one to inherit.
Another example is located on the east coast, the famous Anbang brewed tofu, which has been in business for nearly 30 years, is reported to be the boss who has decided to retire at an advanced age.
Rent and staffing are also problems for older restaurants.
Located in the Dutch village of Western restaurant Fosters opened for 62 years, because of the expiration of the lease of the store, and it is difficult to hire and choose to close, so many customers are reluctant, after all, for loyal customers, it is a place full of memories.
Singaporean food vendor based in New York
The epidemic has witnessed the harsh reality of the survival of the weak and remaining strong in the market, and the local catering industry has gone through storms, some have closed down, and some have passed the test and become stronger.
The pattern of local cuisine is no longer limited to deli centers and coffee shops, and now it is out of the country.
Urban Hawker, America ’ s first Lion City hawker center spearheaded by Makansutra founder, opened in September 2022 in Manhattan ’ s busiest downtown, near Times Square.
There were 16 booths at the restaurant, Kopifellas, Prawnaholic Collections, Wok & Staple, Daisy ’ s Dream, Mr Fried Rice, and Hainan Jones.
Based on the minimum wage system in the United States, the labor cost in the United States is relatively high, and it is difficult to find suitable candidates, and the shrimp ’ s descendants sell 7 yuan in a bowl of shrimp noodles in Brazil ’ s Lizhong Road cooked food center, and 18 US dollars in the United States (about 25 Singapore dollars).
Another challenge is that ingredients are hard to find, but after many searches and attempts, the industry has made a cuisine that is close to the Singapore version.
Famous Foods Street Eats, opened by the local Zouk Group in 2022 in Las Vegas ’ s Resorts World, also features three local cuisines, namely Wendong Chicken Rice, Geylang Casserole Rice and Spring Leaf Indian Pancakes.
According to Bloomberg, Wen Dong Ki will be able to sell 4,500 dishes of chicken rice per week in 2022.
Szeto is optimistic about this business, which focuses on Singapore hawker food, and proud that he can break through the legal, regulatory, cultural and other barriers to entering new markets, and plans to move the same model to Los Angeles after taking the first step.
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What are the supporters of slow food movement advocating?

On returning to traditional food methods

This report explores the movement's origins, core principles, global manifestations, and whether the concept translates authentically beyond its Western roots.

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FYI Philly visits the birthplace of strombolis, Philly's 1st Cheesesteak bar and more

Friday, July 5, 2024 5:43PM

PHILADELPHIA (WPVI) -- Christie Ileto and Alicia Vitarelli visit the birthplace of the stromboli, a spot for unique cheesesteak flavors, and a 24/7 spot for cheese.

Delco family business Romano's Pizzeria celebrates 80 years of strombolis

Pete Romano, Jr. runs Romano's Pizzeria and Italian Restaurant in Essington, just like his father and grandfather did.

His grandfather, Nazzareno Romano, immigrated from Italy. He was a stone mason, turned pie maker.

"My father opened up the business December 1, 1944," says Pete Romano, Sr.

It was first called the Essington Pizzeria.

They moved to their current location in 1954, and now, Romano's is famous for its Stromboli.

"Grandpop started with three types. It was Original Sweet, Original Hot and Original Pepperoni," says Romano, Jr.

"My Uncle Bill said, 'Why don't you call it Stromboli?'," he says.

The name stuck, and 74 years later, it's still a hot item.

They have cheesesteaks, meatballs, pizza steak, buffalo chicken, and chicken Florentine Stromboli, just to name a few.

This year marks the 80th anniversary of Romano's first opening.

"There's pride in it," says Romano, Jr. "I just turned 70, and I'm the last Romano."

He says the business has been a lot of hard work, but he has enjoyed spending time with his dad.

"It's so gratifying that people remember you for your food, and who you are," says Romano, Sr. "It means a lot to me."

Romano's Stromboli

246 Wanamaker Avenue

Essington, PA 19029

610-521-9010

Philly's 1st cheesesteak bar serves the taste of Philly with a twist

Taste Cheesesteak Bar is inviting you to flirt with flavor on JFK Boulevard!

This first-of-its-kind eatery offers an inventive take on the traditional cheesesteak and signature cocktails that pair with the Philly favorite.

Owner Kevin Dolce has coined and trademarked the phrase "cheesesteak bar" as he says it's the first restaurant to exclusively serve cheesesteaks alongside cocktails.

Dolce is a first-generation American fusing this Philly staple with his Haitian culture.

He strives to celebrate Philadelphia's rich heritage and culinary ingenuity through every bite.

The cheesesteaks are all infused with a flavorful Haitian blend called epis.

It is unlike anything the Philly food scene has tasted before.

The menu is full of a variety of cheesesteak sandwiches and "side jawns", the restaurant's loaded French fries.

You can try a traditional beef cheesesteak or try something new such as Oxtail, Salmon or Jerk Chicken cheesesteak.

Vegetarians can enjoy a cheesesteak with cauliflower and portobello mushrooms.

Their lineup of specialty cocktails includes a drink composed of a Lemon Drop with a splash of lemonade and simple syrup known as "Drop Your Location."

Cocktails pair well with the cheesesteaks and the space has a full bar full of options to suit your palate.

Philadelphia's first cheese dispensary opens in Kensington

With no disrespect to vending machine staples like soda and chips, the 24/7 grab-and-go experience just got elevated in Philadelphia's Kensington section.

Perrystead Dairy is the city's first-ever cheese dispensary.

It's all digital - no cash required.

You simply choose your selection, swipe your card, and voila! Cheese is dispensed.

Yoav Perry opened Perrystead Dairy three years ago.

"I've been in cheese for a really long time," he says. "I had this idea. I really wanted to do an urban creamery."

Philadelphia's first cheese dispensary opens at Perrystead Dairy in Kensington

They're crafting award-winning cheese that's sold in markets coast to coast and served in the country's most elite restaurants.

But there was one little problem.

"People kept knocking on the door and asking to buy cheese, but I don't have retail space," says Perry.

So, Perry opened the dispensary. He says these machines are common in rural European towns.

Inside the machines, you'll find everything you need to build a charcuterie board - including the board itself!

Perrystead Dairy has won nine international cheese awards. Perry is also passionate that every ingredient is hyperlocal.

"We use milk strictly from local family farmers that do amazing work with our herds right outside the city," he says.

Perrystead Dairy

W.P. Palmer Distilling Co. makes gin that dates back to the American Revolution

In 2015, Walter Palmer III started charting a new course in life, founding the W.P. Palmer Distilling Company with his wife, Katy.

The two co-own the business together.

"Our main product that we make is Palmer's Liberty Gin," says Palmer. "We do small batches."

He says they didn't want to make a gin infused with cucumbers or rose hip, instead choosing to focus on "a classic gin spirit."

Palmer waded into new waters, so to speak, out of necessity.

"I was president of the General Building Contractors Association," says Palmer. "For over 27 years I had a job there. One day I had a job and the next day I didn't."

Because he couldn't sit still, he decided to distill.

He says he makes the gin in an 800-liter copper pot still that was made for them in Portugal.

And, because his business is rooted in Philadelphia, Palmer chose a gin recipe fit for the founding fathers.

"Our recipe comes from this 18th-century Dutch manuscript of a trading ship that comes through Philadelphia around 1780," says Palmer.

It's made with six botanicals that include juniper, cardamom, coriander, angelica root, lemon peel, and grains of paradise.

"We wanted our gin to be a gold standard of gin," he says.

He says the name for the gin was inspired by Philadelphia, the birthplace of liberty, since "liberty is a spirit."

"And it's made right here," he says. "It's really kind of wonderful."

W.P. Palmer Distilling Co. | Palmer's Liberty Gin | Instagram

Take a trip to Bushkill Falls, the Niagara of Pennsylvania

At Bushkill Falls in the Pocono Mountains, there are multiple trails that allow you to find peace and serenity while venturing toward the falls.

Walk at your own pace and enjoy the picturesque views all throughout the trails.

For those looking for an escape from the city, this hidden oasis is the perfect way to relax and connect with nature.

There are eight different waterfalls that can be accessed by wooden bridges, allowing for hikers of all ages and abilities to trek toward the glorious waterfall.

Bushkill Falls has 300 acres of natural beauty, eight waterfalls and more than two miles of hiking trails and walkways.

Those who have made the trip, say there are multiple trails that allow you to walk as much or as little as you choose.

With the variety of trails, there is also an opportunity to see something different each time you visit.

Those who explore the trails will experience the peaceful sounds of the rushing water and chirping birds.

Black Hen, Baba's, IDK & Crisp Chick'n feeding Philly's Chicken craze

A variety of fried chicken is on the menu at the brand new BlackHen in Old City.

Located just a few doors from Amina - the Southern cuisine spot from the same owner - imagery of the lady hen is prominent throughout.

Felicia Wilson is the restaurateur behind both locations, with future openings of even more restaurants in the works.

Chef and business partner Darryl Harmon, of The Waterworks and numerous New York establishments, brings his special spice blends, barbecue sauces, and some family recipes to the mix.

BlackHen | Instagram

120 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106

215-555-1212

At Baba's Hot Chicken & Brews, the Osmanollaj brothers have created a menu featuring chicken sandwiches, tenders and a variety of other savory side dishes for a fast-casual experience that will spice things up.

The brothers also include beer from their Mt. Airy brewery, Tosca, to cool things down with your meal.

Baba's Hot Chicken & Brews | Facebook |

725 South Trooper Road, Audubon, PA 19403

Crisp Chick'n specializes in spicy chicken.

They have varied heat levels for taste buds of different degrees.

The space has been open for three years with a menu that has expanded to include salads, wraps and smash burgers.

Crisp Chick'N | Facebook | Instagram

27 North Lansdowne Avenue, Lansdowne, PA 19050

IDK in Old City opened in March.

The grab-and-go spot puts Nashville hot chicken and smash burgers front and center.

You can try everything from a Wagyu smash burger to loaded fries with Nashville hot chicken.

Everything is made to order with a menu that is expanding each week.

IDK Philly | Facebook | Instagram

6 North 3rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106

Enjoy golfing in the Poconos at these 3 courses

Are you a golf enthusiast looking for the perfect escape to cooler climes?

Our friends at the Pocono Television Network have you covered with their top golf holes in the region.

Our first stop was Shawnee Inn & Golf Resort, which features the beautiful number seven on the blue course.

Head golf pro Nick Lussier shared insights about the newly installed permanent bridge, a welcome upgrade for year-round play.

Next up is Woodloch Springs.

Take on Hell's Gate Gorge, the 577-yard double dogleg par five at hole 14.

Director of Golf John Pillar guides us through this thrilling course.

Historic Pocono Manor's iconic par 3, hole seven, presents its own set of challenges, showing their signature hole surrounded by water and trees.

Director of Golf Greg Wall reminisces about Arnold Palmer's visit, adding a touch of history to this memorable hole.

At Split Rock Country Club, hole 11 is known for its beauty and challenge.

This signature par 5 demands precise shots, making it a favorite among golfers.

Finally, Skytop Lodge's hole 2 a par 4r, offers stunning vistas and a strategically challenging fairway.

Head Golf Pro Justin Alunni provides tips for mastering this course.

Take advantage of these fantastic golf experiences in the Poconos!

Pocono Mountains | Facebook | Instagram

Shawnee Inn & Golf Resort | Instagram | Facebook

100 Shawnee Inn Drive, Shawnee on Delaware, Pennsylvania 18356

Woodloch Springs | Facebook | Instagram

731 Welcome Lake Rd, Lackawaxen Twp, PA 18435

Split Rock Country Club | Facebook:

Address: 140 Wolf Hollow Run Road, Lake Harmony, PA 18624

Pocono Manor | Instagram | Facebook

395 Manor Dr, Pocono Manor, PA 18349

Skytop Lodge | Facebook | Instagram

1 Skytop Ldg, Canadensis, PA

Meditations on the Human Condition' on view Michener Art Museum

'George R. Anthonisen: Meditations on the Human Condition' is a celebration of the sculptor's entire 65-year artistic career.

"The work really has to do with the human family, the family of man," says Anthonisen.

There are 45 works on display, both indoors and out.

Lisa Tremper Hanover, guest curator at the Michener Art Museum, worked with Anthonisen to put this exhibition together, which includes sculptures, bas-relief and fresco.

Anthonisen was born in Boston, but he's lived and worked in Bucks County for more than half a century.

"I grew up in the art world studying from life," he says. "I really zeroed in on the female figure."

He works primarily in bronze, with a focus on figurative sculptures.

Anthonisen says much of his work shows "the similarities of all different kinds of people throughout the world."

There is a piece called 'Give Us Grace,' which he says, "speaks to harmony amongst peoples."

His works are divided into groups. Hanover says these groupings deal with different aspects of George's work, like 'Portraiture.'

There is also a 'Female Empowerment' grouping, and 'Social Commentary.' In that section, visitors can view a piece called 'Death and Starvation.' Tremper Hanover says there is a focus on what would be historical events, but interpreted through George's lens.

"I've always read. I've been interested in history and literature," says Anthonisen.

That influence can be seen in 'Storied Figures.'

"You see a progression of how the artist works, how he thinks, how he interprets," says Tremper Hanover. "It's a very emotional journey."

"We live and we die, and everyone goes through that cycle," says Anthonisen.

He says he hopes when visitors see his work that they "understand the pitfalls of being human; at the same time, the elevation of what we could do, what we have done."

'George R. Anthonisen: Meditations on the Human Condition' is on view through October 13 at the Michener Art Museum.

George R. Anthonisen: Meditations on the Human Condition | Tickets

Michener Art Museum

138 S Pine St, Doylestown, PA 18901

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Travel / 2 days to catch the sights of Madrid
Madrid is famous for a long time, and at the beginning of February this year, there is a long way to go.
For just two days, you ’ ll see monuments such as the Spanish Royal Palace, the National Museum, and the Cathedral of Our Lady of Mary. You ’ ll also enjoy a meal at a restaurant known as the world ’ s oldest.
We arrived in Madrid in the evening and only took a short walk around the residence.
The next morning we joined a walking group with a tour guide, a young African American from Denver, who has been in Madrid for more than a dozen spring and autumn seasons.
He is witty and humorous, and he also intersperses with jokes to lively atmosphere when explaining historical knowledge.
He told everyone that Madrid was originally a fortress city built by the Moors occupying the Iberian Peninsula in the heart of the peninsula, and could be considered the only capital in Europe founded by Muslims. The Christians took back Madrid in 1083, and then gradually expanded, and in 1561 Philip II elected the seat of the royal family and promoted to the capital.
The meeting point of the walking tour is built in the 1600s in the Mayor ’ s Square, which is surrounded on three sides by four high-rise buildings that are closely connected, and the one-style red brick exterior looks like the mahjong tiles overlapping on three sides of a mahjong table facing the player.
There are more than 500 rooms on the second floor, and its windows are the best viewing platform to watch the performance of the square from above.
From time to time there are exhilarating bullfighting performances in the square, and sometimes it is also used as a torture ground for executed pagans.
Because of the use of fire, there were frequent fires.
In the center of the square stands a bronze statue of Philip III on horseback, as he was the king of KONE who supported the construction of the square.
We saw a number of activity booths around the square to attract customers, the most notable of which should be a row of juxtaposed models of dashing matadors and beautiful gypsy girls, all hiding their faces and resting only on their necks with helmets and hoodies.
After paying the fee, customers can put on a helmet or helmet to stand up to the model and take photos, but the stall owner insisted that tourists do not use his props as a backdrop for photography, lest business be robbed.
The 300 year old restaurant has not closed.
The guide takes us all the way through a famous food trade market called St. Mark, then stops in front of a restaurant called Casa Botín.
The tour guide said that it has not been closed since it opened in 1725, and the smoke is dazzling all year round, and the diners are busy every day, so it has been certified by the Guinness Book as the world's oldest restaurant, and the blue certificate is proudly placed in the window as proof.
The guide also said that the famous Spanish painter Goya had worked in this restaurant before he left, Hemingway called it the best restaurant in the world, and the former king Carlos I and his wife used to come here once a month to eat, which is obviously an unusual place to eat.
Then we came to the hillside of a garden to the east of the palace, from which we could clearly see the white facade of the palace building and its courtyard.
It happened that there were foreign affairs activities on that day, and the palace was not open to the public. We could see guards wearing steel helmets and riding high horses guarding the door.
According to the guide, in terms of indoor area, Spain's royal palace is the largest in the world, far exceeding the Palace of Versailles in France.
There is a large area of empty woodland to the west of the palace, which is said to be larger than New York Central Park, and because the royal family is concerned about privacy, they will not let the ordinary people near the supreme palace.
It was 2 p.m. when the walking tour ended, and we immediately followed the same route to the oldest restaurant to eat. The restaurant was not wide, so it developed upwards and along the narrow staircase we were taken to the restaurant on the third floor to sit down.
We ordered the restaurant ’ s most famous roast suckling pig.
Suckling pig meat is really tender and refreshing, and its outer layer of pork skin is roasted yellow and crisp, which makes people reminiscent of the crisp duck skin of Beijing roast duck.
When we went downstairs, we looked out of the baking room on the first floor and saw that the shelves on the wall were full of half-cooked suckling pigs. Master Fu was pushing a half-cooked suckling pig into the oven with a long spoon.
The thought that these little suckling pigs had died before they could not help but feel that we humans are too cruel and selfish.
The cathedral echoes the palace.
After dinner, we visit the cathedral named after the Virgin of Madrid, which is opposite the Royal Palace, and the two are separated by a wide and deep courtyard to the north and south.
Because Spain had long been busy building temples in the colony and strengthening political and religious control, it was not until 1883 that the foundation stone was laid.
After the civil war and other delays, the cathedral was not officially completed until 1993, and was opened by Pope Paul II.
With both neo-classical and neo-Gothic architecture, it is not only the largest Catholic church in Madrid, but it still looks as bright and sharp as the new one.
The biggest difference between it and other churches seen is that there are escalators on both sides of the main altar, which people can climb up and walk up to the feet of the Virgin Mary, which is high in the middle of the wall, to pay close attention and worship.
The church is open for free, but donations are welcome.
We then wandered downtown and saw the well-known bronze statues of Don Quixote and the servant Sancho in a street park.
According to Spanish magnate Cervantes, Don Quixote, unsurprisingly, rides a horse, holds a long gun, and challenges the windmill with a fearless frame.
And the servant Sancho rode a thin donkey, a faithful manner.
Spaniards are clearly proud to have such a world-renowned novelist, and our readers around the world are equally delighted to have such an outstanding literary gem.
A man dressed as a robot walks in a park clearing to entice people to take photos with him in order to earn tips.
His daughter hugged him and took a picture, which was more of a street scene.
I wondered, if this robot were to face Don Quixote directly, would there be a clash and a fight between them?
The most famous national museum in Spain is located in the city center. It ranks first among European museums in terms of size and collection, and just celebrated its 200th anniversary in 2019.
The museum usually charges €15 per person, but is free two hours before closing every day.
We arrived at the museum just before 6 o ’ clock, and we saw that the waiting line had been around for more than a week, so we could see that there were many people who wanted to save money.
Although the team was long, it moved very fast, and half an hour later we were inside.
The design of the museum is scientific and reasonable, and visitors can basically see the main exhibition hall by following the signs.
Among them, the works of the famous Spanish painter Goya occupy the first floor of the hall, which shows people's love and reverence for their own painters.
However, to my layman, his paintings seem to be dark and slightly distorted, such as his "Mariner at Sea" painting. I guess he did it deliberately, because his portraits of kings and generals are very realistic.
The Virgin Mary painting is impressive.
The famous Picasso work I saw in the museum only a picture of half a cow and half a horse, obviously in the style of Bieber ’ s abstract exaggeration.
In addition, on the second floor there is an oil painting of a fat woman by the famous Dutch painter Rembrandt, with delicate pen and natural and realistic color, which is regarded as a treasure of value. The source of wisdom. The milk on the screen is sprayed into a thin white line and directly into the mouth of the believer, which is clearly depicted.
Pardon my ignorance of the Bible story, I was particularly impressed to see the painter so bluntly reveal it.
Photographs are not allowed in the museum, so I only took pictures of a Greek sculpture at the entrance, and then dared not use my mobile phone.
It would be a great pity not to visit the Palace in Madrid, so the next morning we rushed to wait for the door to open, and there were only a few people in line.
When we came out after our visit, we saw the long snake line in the queue, and we were glad that we had done the right thing early.
Tickets are €12 per person, and we seniors get half the ticket.
All backpacks must be stored in a large container at the entrance, at no additional charge, and even one of my drawbar cases can be packed in.
No photos are allowed in the palace, so we have to follow the rules.
Facing the south, the main entrance of the Palace of Spain is a three-story high-milky building. There are exquisite sculptures and bronze clocks in the middle of the floor, and there are two flagpoles, the Spanish flag on the left, and the Spanish flag on the right, which is usually empty, and only raised during official ceremonies such as the flag of the European Union or related countries.
The overall design of the palace is magnificent, and the interior is decorated with exquisite grandeur, such as its ceremonial hall for the reception of ambassadors, the candlestick on the long table, the state banquet hall with silver and flowers, and the music performance hall.
However, I still feel that it is not as elegant as the Palace of Versailles, especially the mirror room of the Palace is more dazzling, perhaps that is why Louis 14 became the king of the sun.
There is a strange and small smoking room in the palace, which was used by Alfonso VIII when he was a smoker, and the embroidered tapestries from 19th-century China are somewhat unusual.
I asked the administrator and said that I could take photos in the hallway, so I grabbed this rare picture.
The king and the wife are perfect.
Finally, at the exit, we see a large color picture of the current Spanish monarch and wife, King Philip VI, handsome and dashing, and Queen Letizia, beautiful and truly worthy of the human race.
The palace also has a free two-hour Thursday night, but it only benefits people in the European Union and Latin American countries.
The preferential treatment of the European Union should be a need for European unity, and the generosity of Latin American personnel should be counted as the care of the descendants of the original people who speak the same language, or the care of the former Great Power.
Unfortunately, our tourists from North America have been entered into another book, there is no reason to enjoy the discount, can only sigh "the mountain is difficult to overcome, who has lost the road"?
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## History and Background of the Slow Food Movement

### Origins and Founding

The Slow Food Movement was officially founded in 1989 by Carlo Petrini in Italy, though its roots trace back to 1986 when McDonald's opened its first location in Rome's Spanish Steps.

Title:

Content: Map of city events
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Storis
Bodypositive in the USSR
Bodypositive in the USSR
Deadly food
Deadly food
Magical places of Moscow
Magical places of Moscow
Soviet childhood: games in the yard
Soviet childhood: games in the yard
Dangerous routes
Dangerous routes
Maniacs of the USSR
Maniacs of the USSR
Dali
Dali
How one virus ignited the global financial fire
Economy
At five o ’ clock in the afternoon, coffee lover Anastasia Vtorova does not yet know that soon you will have to pay more for cappuccino, drink less / Photo: Natalia Feoktistova / Evening Moscow
A small covid virus worked as a powerful detonator and launched a rapid rise in prices for everything.
It's like a bottle of alcohol was splashed into a smoldering pile of well-dried money.
There is a machine in my kitchen, a symbol of modern production.
This is a coffee grinder that I bought because of the best price-quality ratio.
It is developed in the Western States, the millstones for it are made in Luxembourg, the motor is made in Switzerland, and the worker is collected in Taiwan.
The authors of the project had to think about logistics, so that after, in Moscow, I could buy the device at a “non-biting ” price.
It is easy to imagine how difficult it is to organize the interaction of manufacturers from different countries, to organize clear deliveries of parts and everything is inexpensive.
Within the framework of such a scheme, hundreds and thousands of the most successful companies around the world work.
The same Apple, Nike, Russian "Avisma", which produces the world's best landing gear for aircraft on a unique domestic technology.
It's a good business model.
And suddenly it turned out that she is very vulnerable to a tiny filth - a virus.
Production chains are failing.
About the same as happened at the end of May in Guangdong province - the largest transport hub in China.
There, announced to the world, 20 people fell ill - with a total population of 133 million people.
And one of the ports was closed for quarantine, and in this province there are two ports - the third and fifth largest in the world.
Goods had to be transported by plane - expensive.
There was talk that the Chinese deliberately staged everything.
It is not so, but the prices for transportation have increased, this rise in price will eventually be paid by the final buyers of goods.
Previously, due to the closure of the borders, many containers accumulated without movement off the coast of the States
Then the Swiss even removed the seats in the aircraft and began to airlift coffee from South America to Europe.
Coffee went up and so did it.
One of the key indicators of the state of world trade is the container shipping index.
It grew by 2% in the first week of September.
That is, the price of transportation is growing.
For example, the cost of transporting one container from China to Europe exceeded 13 thousand dollars.
Analysts say they haven ’ t seen it in more than 30 years.
Goods for us are already beginning to rise in price, and soon, experts say, we will see an increase in prices in all its glory.
The first in line are electronics, household appliances, clothing and shoes.
Representatives of the largest manufacturers believe that in the new autumn-winter season, clothes and shoes can rise in price by at least 10 percent due to increased costs for transportation and raw materials.
Assistant to the President of the Russian Federation Maxim Oreshkin called the macroeconomic “ambush ”: the US policy to stimulate the economy.
Abundantly drawn money puts pressure on prices from the bottom up.
DIRECT SPEECH
Stanislav Murashov, an analyst at one of the largest banks:
— The subsequent disinflationary trend is generally predetermined, only its pace remains in question.
According to analysts, inflation may approach the goal of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (4 percent. - "VM") by the beginning of the fourth quarter of 2022.
NUMBERS ONLY
From September 7 to September 13, inflation in Russia amounted to 0.04 percent (in the previous three weeks it was: 0.07 percent, 0.09 percent, 0.10 percent).
Price growth since the beginning of the month is 0.10 percent, since the beginning of the year - 4.79 percent.
The annual rate is 6.84%.
This is operational data of the Ministry of Economic Development.
32.9 percent represented an increase in global food prices in August 2021 compared to August 2020.
This is the data of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
0.16 percent - so much went up food from the basket of Rosstat for the week ended September 13.
The Ministry of economic development draws attention to the fact that prices this week grew twice as fast as the previous one.
0.82% - so the price of beef rose for the second week in a row, which corresponds to an annual growth rate of 42% (if weekly inflation continues at this level throughout the year).
11.78 percent in annual terms - to this level, the increase in prices for pork accelerated, 0.75 percent was since the beginning of September, the rise in price of chicken, which is already 21.2 percent more expensive than a year ago.
7 percent - such inflation at the end of the year allows the head of the Central Bank Elvira Nabiullina.
She believes that it will be possible to return to 4 percent inflation only in the second half of 2022.
Realtor Oleg Tsarev shows buyers an apartment in one of the apartment buildings series P-44T, which is common in the capital and the region / Photo: Anton Gerdo / Evening Moscow
Real estate began to bend in front of potential buyers
Experts note a slowdown in the growth of real estate prices, and some of them even promise a decrease in prices for new buildings in the 2nd half of 2021 by 5.7 percent.
Auditor of the Accounts Chamber Natalia Trunova says that “housing prices in Russia have reached their maximum.
You can ’ t wait until after two or three years. ”
Experts note that in the summer began a decline in the volume of mortgage loans, and the limit of relatively free money, which could count on the construction industry, the population is almost exhausted.
“Indicators of the real estate market ” note that the growth of prices in the secondary housing market continues to slow.
At the end of August, the square meter in old Moscow added less than 1 percent — half as much as in July, and almost three times as in June.
However, the actual curtailment of the concessional lending program in the capital hit the primary market more.
There, according to IRN, the demand sank by 30 percent.
The average price in new buildings of the economy class and the comfort segment in Moscow in August decreased by about 1.1 percent compared to the July figure.
Experts are not in a hurry to talk about the long-term trend.
Partner of a large real estate agency Maria Litinetskaya notes:
So far, it is more objective to talk about a slowdown in price growth.
There are hidden discounts: developers negotiate with banks to subsidize the mortgage rate for their buyers.
To do this, they slightly lower the prices of apartments in order to reduce the size of the loan and convert this into a lower rate.
That is, in fact, a discount is provided, which the buyer receives in the form of a reduced rate on the loan.
So developers still manage to keep prices against the background of a decrease in consumer activity.
Of course, the decline in growth rates does not make up for the price increases already achieved.
On secondary housing, they grew from July 2020 to July 2021 by more than a quarter.
But we managed to stop the rapid growth.
The government analyzed the causes of inflation in the real estate market in the spring.
Deputy Prime Minister Marat Khusnullin listed them: an increase in prices for building materials, a shortage of builders, a preferential mortgage for new buildings and project financing.
One after another, there were proposals to introduce administrative restrictions on the cost of housing.
The government did not do this, believing that the situation can be resolved only on one condition - if you provide an increase in the volume of housing construction.
It is time to draw the first results.
And Marat Khusnullin announced:
In terms of housing, we have a good situation - 31 percent go up to the same period last year.
I ask the leaders of the regions not to slow down.
The goal of the government is known – the final indicator of 2021 is 85.5 million square meters.
By September, the rental market had revived.
Average rates have risen by about 10 per cent.
It is also noted that there are families who sold their former housing to pay the first installment on the mortgage for a new one and are now waiting for the completion of the construction of apartments in rented premises.
Now analysts are watching how people who took advantage of preferential loans without having enough savings will cope with mortgage payments.
There are calculations that many mortgage apartments will enter the market from those who did not cope with the debt load.
This can reduce housing prices.
Lenders can be helped by the government.
NEED TO KNOW
The increase in the key rate nullifies the main reasons for the rise in housing prices.
And there is no excitement in the primary market due to the completion of the program of preferential mortgages in Moscow.
Stagnation in the market is likely.
According to Dom.rf, 15 banks by August 20, the weighted average mortgage rate on the secondary market reached 8.55 percent per annum against 8.03 percent in March.
Photo: Natalia Feoktistova / Evening Moscow
The Ministry of Agriculture meets the end of the barbecue season
The press service of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation reports that, according to industry unions, the end of the summer period and the reduction in demand for meat will contribute to a further decrease in its prices.
It is unlikely that this is much to hope for, although the end of the barbecue season has already led to a small decrease in wholesale prices for pork - by 0.19-1.17 percent.
But our country cannot be aloof from world trends, and, according to the UN, the price of food has increased by more than 30 percent, and the process continues.
First, almost 40 percent of beef we import from abroad, many experts believe.
According to official data, less.
But there's a squeak.
Russian beef is taken into account in the slaughter weight, it is carcasses with bones and offal.
In 2020, the production of meat with cattle bones in Russia amounted to 1.62 million tons.
Imported meat usually comes in boneless form, without bones.
Last year, 600 thousand tons of meat were imported.
Consider it about 1 million tons in terms of slaughter weight.
So far, according to Rosstat, at the end of June 2021, the number of cattle in the farms of all agricultural producers, according to calculations, amounted to 18.9 million heads.
That ’ s about half as much as it should be.
The norm for developed countries is the approximate ratio of the population to the number of cattle at the level of 0.28, and we have 0.14.
According to Rosstat, in 2020, Russians consumed an average of 92.4 kg of meat per person per year.
At the same time, in families where incomes do not reach the subsistence minimum, consumption is lower - 65.3 kg per person per year.
Therefore, in August, when inflation on meat was quite rampant, the import of poultry and pork meat to Russia from far abroad countries was sharply increased, the Federal Customs Service reports.
Only have to buy at higher prices.
In addition, experts note that it is necessary to import a lot of food ingredients and veterinary drugs, and they also rise in price through no fault of ours.
The increase in prices, experts say, is due to reduced competition after a ban on the import of meat from Brazil, which was the largest exporter.
The ban has to be imposed because of the danger of importing diseases into the country.
The Rosselkhoznadzor prohibits the import of beef from the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, restricts the same supplies from the state of the same country to Mat UGros.
This is due to "obtaining information about the occurrence of cases of bovine spongiform encephalopathy", also known as "mad cow disease".
Earlier, the Rosselkhoznadzor banned the import of live birds from Finland.
The supply of poultry products from all over Ireland to Russia is temporarily limited due to bird flu in the country.
In general, there is no hope that the price of meat this year will significantly fall.
And not only in Russia.
In our country, for a number of reasons, meat production decreased at the beginning of the year.
“For the first time in 20 years, poultry meat production in the first quarter fell by almost 6 percent, the projected growth rate of pork production decreased from 4-5 to 1.5 percent, ” says Sergey Yushin, head of the national meat association.
However, we are beginning the process of organizing the production of meat by large corporations.
This, obviously, will soon give a sharp increase in supplies to the domestic and foreign markets.
Corporations have the opportunity to invest in the industry, can attract profitable loans for the purchase of necessary equipment, feed, veterinary drugs.
KSTATI
By the end of summer, the price per kilogram of buckwheat increased to an average of 102.5 rubles.
The last time prices exceeded the mark of 100 rubles per kilogram in 2011.
Manufacturers explain why this happened.
Yields were lower than last year.
The purchase price of raw materials increased from 40 to 42 rubles per kilogram.
And the raw materials were not enough until September.
Price cuts should not wait until the new year.
Social payments prices did not disperse
Georgy Osipov:
Before paying money to families with children and pensioners, a number of experts frightened the gullible public - they say, half a trillion rubles will further accelerate inflation, which will greedily devour the funds issued.
They gave me the money.
Nothing wrong with inflation.
It remains below 7%.
The annual rate at the end of August is 6.68 percent, on September 6 - 6.74 percent.
The president was right, insisting on issuing rubles to the people.
Although he had many advisers who discouraged such a step.
Photo: From the personal archive of Georgy Osipov
The decision on material assistance in the face of rising prices was not made at random.
There are two points of view when it comes to inflation.
Supporters of one insist on the fact that it is necessary to prohibit prices from rising in all ways.
Adherents of the other believe that it is important not to command prices, but to make sure that people have the money to buy the necessary goods and services.
A risky experiment is being carried out in a number of countries.
It is not to reduce unnecessarily aid to consumers and businesses in the hope that this will help increase production, which will move money, ensuring income growth.
It's working for now.
For example, the head of the European Central Bank, Christine Lagarde, said that the current surge in inflation is temporary, that the bank ’ s decision is not to curtail incentives.
Putting money into the economy.
We had hotheads who offered to just take and forbid raising prices.
But the head of state decided to give people money.
Reason is clear.
Most of the inflation is actually imported from abroad.
The decline in harvests in many countries, problems with animal diseases and much more are beyond the control of decisions from Moscow.
Living with rising prices is for our people.
Citizens already have difficulties due to various misfortunes of recent times.
According to the Global Wealth Report, for the year the welfare of Russian households decreased by 338 billion dollars in nominal terms.
The explanation of the rise in prices by a sharp surge in demand is not convincing.
According to ancient ideas, the more money people have in their hands, the more inflation grows.
But our country has its own important factors, which, apparently, were taken into account by those who decided to distribute money.
One of the most important is the creditworthiness of people.
Many experts immediately said that most of the payments people will spend on servicing their debts.
Apparently, that's what happened.
People put money back into the economy.

Title:

Content: 04 / 09 / 2023 - 13: 06
Against maps: unraveling the scale, restoring intuition (2 / 2)
A map of the Italian city of Venice dating back to the Middle Ages | Getty
In the second part of the article “Against Maps: Confronting the Scale, ” the author, Abdallah al-Bayyari, continues his research on maps and counter-maps conceptually, cognitively and politically, offering an argument that makes it possible to go beyond the“ proper ” representation of traditional maps, and their historical and geographical monopoly, of our bodies, cities and neighborhoods.
INTRODUCTION
Some scholars attribute the gradual abandonment of terms such as ‘ underdeveloped countries ’, ‘ developed countries ’, ‘ developing countries ’, ‘ developed countries ’, etc., in favor of the duo: North and South, to 1980, with the publication of the Brandt Report, meaning that this shift was simultaneous and the word ‘ globalisation ’ was widely used.
The Brandt Report is a report written by the independent commission first chaired by Willie Brandt in 1980.
The Commission on International Development was established in 1977 to review international development issues, with the former German chancellor nominated as president by Robert McNamara, then president of the World Bank.
The outcome of this report provides an understanding of the fundamental differences in the economic development of the global North and South.
This new awareness of the world, and its existence, is also temporal / geographical; the differences between the North and the South as terms related to the regions, but also present with imagined contents and objects.
Space travel, between North and South, is temporal, and therefore historical.
Jean-Marie Degrando tells us that “the traveller, the philosopher who sails to the ends of the earth, actually breaks through a series of ages; he travels in the past, and every step he takes represents a century. ”
The exploratory guides used by travelers and explorers violently perpetuated the idea that Europe was at an “advanced stage ” while others were at a“ late stage ” in time because they were more distant, in space / geography and time / history.
Specifically, the organization of time measurement in the second half of the 19th century was based on astrogeography, which essentially identified the Greenwich Line as the center of the actual world at the time.
Thus, the vision of societies took place as a bilateral center - parties.
It is worth mentioning that Orientalism has played a fundamental role here in terms of being a stage of performance transition from the periphery to the center, for those societies whose members cannot be considered true savages, or deep civilizations, this transition was a symbolic and performance necessity for the non-European world; to ensure its submissive inclusion within the imagination of a central Western European.
Foucault tells us that history was the central obsession of the nineteenth century, and that the maps of that period were subject to the historical narrative, with all the buildings of power and domination in them.
Thus came the importance of the geographical reading of history, which was then noted by Edward Said in his book Culture and Imperialism (1993), a reading through which Western-European centralization and domination of the curricula and research of both disciplines (geography and history) can be deconstructed, and we rarely see any connection between them in basic and university education in the countries under domination. Colonialism, where the colonial system was based mainly on obliteration or expulsion and substitution in time / history and place / geography.
Therefore, it requires approaches that are both de-colonial and anti-colonial, which is completely absent in Arab archiving, documentation and research projects, as they are – or should be – liberating knowledge, not as they are now, representing a continuation of modern and international epistemic violence. Annie. Annie.
Foucault tells us that history was the central obsession of the nineteenth century, and that the maps of that period were subject to the historical narrative, with all the buildings of power and domination in them.
Foucault continues by pointing to the beginning of the space era, the study, and the consequent dismantling of proximity and distance, neighborhood, and borders, all of which are overlaps between temporal / historical and spatial / geographical.
Perhaps this is what enables us to appreciate and understand the importance of a map archive of this region of the world, which has been subject to the narratives of the dominant powers since the 19th century, at least in terms of knowledge and imagination.
Reading scale structure disintegration
Modernity began through the control of time and space, and because modernity, as central as the mind, needed the eye to be the instrument of controlling everything mentally, so the eye became a rational / rational instrument, extending even to linguistic metaphors.
Perhaps we follow some models such as: the rationalization of the unseen is through the rationalization of language, the rationalization of geography and place is through maps, and the rationalization of space is through architecture and the arts.
Heraclitus refers to the eye: “The eye is stronger than the ear, ” and Plato described the eye as“ the greatest of all human faculties, ” and this view evolved into the literary ‘ Liguria ’ a relentless pursuit of visual centralism in our time, where the politics of representation produced the visual texts we seek.
The map is a visual model of the world, presented through the ‘ bird ’ s eye ’ or what de Sarto calls the ‘ divine eye ’.
The main paradox was that different cultures dealt with the concept of the eye, and entities shifted from linguistic and auditory expressions to direct visual.
Just as the transmission of an audio text such as the Qur ’ an to its visual was written in the era of Caliph Uthman, so was the threshold of a difference and the start of conflicts between different fantasies about who has the right to possess the text visually, while it is heard by all.
It is mentioned in the history of paper and its entry into the Arab Islamic culture, that a Western traveler, Arthur Abham Bob, asked the sheikh of the Isfahan builders, and their teacher, about the details related to the construction of a contract of brick, the sheikh seemed confused and stuttered, so I gave him a paper and a pencil, and the sheikh carried the paper along his arm.
Then signs of utter despair appeared on his face.
Not only was he illiterate, but he also had no idea how to draw a diagram of a three-dimensional shape, on a two-dimensional surface.
Finally, the master sheikh put the pencil aside, then folded the paper in a complex way to create a model of the necklace, and began to talk about it.
According to Richard Muir, “international boundaries corresponding to the lines of contiguity of the territory of neighboring states are of particular importance in determining the boundaries of sovereign authority and determining the spatial space occupied by the politically dependent areas of each state... borders..
It is located where the vertical lines of convergence between the sovereign states on the surface of the earth...
As a vertical line, it has no horizontal boundary. ”
The line here is the instrument of modernist visual control, which is based on clear, sharp and powerful modernist dichotomies, in dealing with the social phenomena of the place, which are in any way beyond the dichotomies.
Christian Gratalo tells us that the maps of the world are not static, and that "the representation of civilizations in maps [...]
It is always an act of violence, a projection on the past of a division existing in the present, and a set of paradoxes. ”
What's the counter map?
Counter-maps are understood as maps that break with the rationalized scientific tradition of cartography, in that they have always been organically associated with the history and experience of Western colonialism and imperialism, but counter-maps take advantage of the technical level or basic position of the world in those initial maps.
This kind of transgression with official geopolitical maps reveals relationships of territorial domination and exploitation, as well as the uncovering of hidden power networks.
So one of the goals of counter-maps is to make the mystical and entrenched forces more visible in order to counter them.
Counter-maps can be used tactically over the course of the work, and strategically to analyze networks and geo-historical domains in order to bring about social change from below.
Another task is to deconstruct the political and economic logic of social mechanisms and hierarchies to reveal their contradictions.
This kind of experience also makes the arts political, not only because of their approach to a ‘ political issue ’, but because their sensitive and intuitive expression is able to reveal the layers of violence, silence, silence, and manifestation that pass through maps.
Counter-maps are understood as maps that break with the rational scientific tradition of cartography, in that they have always been organically associated with the history and experience of Western colonialism and imperialism.
During official historical mapping, local communities and indigenous populations are silenced, while through counter-mapping approaches, mapping technologies are ascending, from the bottom up.
In this process, artists and researchers mediate a continuous and complex process, in which the act of listening and introspection is created, data is reorganized and rearranged, as well as decisions about the means of making and negotiating maps.
Through mass mapping, the language, tools, and techniques of mapping that were previously limited to ‘ specialists ’ are being reinvented.
They are freely shared; thus they are transferred to unconventional uses; that is, topographical – social.
For this purpose, we outline the following elements in the construction of the counter-map paradigm: (1) familiarity, i.e. the construction of spatial familiarity, (2) regionalization of the state (authority) - what is the international territory as opposed to the social sphere?
(3) space, (3) the body, that is, the body of space and our immediate physical bodies, and here we refer to the perceptions of both the material (beginning, end and extension) and the sensuality (the five senses), (4) symbolism, that is, metaphor and the ability of space to produce opposite or different symbolism, (5) the boundary, that is, that of space. Its changes, (6) narrative geography versus physical geography, (7) sphere of movement, i.e. the forms of movement implied by space, territory, and field.
In recent decades, the militaristic and politicized artistic intrusion into official / traditional cartographic practices has helped to transform cartography into a tool of criticism and counterforce by consolidating and integrating previous elements.
The current model is Black Geography, which, as a movement, has been able to present its epistemic approaches in the platforms of the White West Academy, in America and Canada, in an attempt to amplify the voices of the indigenous population and to expose the colonial and spatial history.
However, we live in a very specific age in which our expectations, gestures and paths are recorded all the time, whether it ’ s on the streets, exchanging messages and documents online, or crossing physical or symbolic borders.
Why, then, produce more maps in a drawn world, in which the eye is centered?
Maps of oppression, not the oppressed
The above question arises from the position of place as a basic metaphor for understanding how Western modernity works, with an analytical invocation of the theories of the French philosopher Michel Foucault about a modern institution such as language and knowledge.
Also, in a later layer, the position of the colonized subjects (i.e., positionality, falling / falling, and also intersectionality) is at the center and place of that modernist imagination.
We go here to establish the fundamental question of how to accumulate a deconstruction practice, which produces liberating knowledge on the historical and geographical level, of this region of the world, based on spatial, spatial, spatial, spatial, urban and urban counter-practices, which are taking their momentum from the features of weakness that are beginning to plague the great narratives and the modern state.
Separating from the history of maps as tools of domination, maps can also be manipulated and thus used by those under their authority to resist the patterns of domination and control through which they are imposed.
This transformation is made possible by the fact that cartography — a system for creating maps, as well as the study of their political and social role and reflection — underwent a fundamental change in the twentieth century, as it was and remains, on a large scale, a material for disassembly and transformation by artists and activists, and cross-field research based on artistic and cross-field approaches.
Counter-mapping is not so much a visual object that gathers information, as it is an opportunity to go beyond the ‘ proper ’ representation of traditional maps, their historical and geographical monopoly, of our bodies, cities, and landmarks.
What we're proposing is a form of counter-mapping.
We believe that we need to make maps and reshape them, not only in order to counter forms of domination and control, but also so that we can uncover the basic mechanisms through which individuals and institutions pass.
Most importantly, we need to produce counter-maps in order to create actions that may affect our perceptions of the social space, its various vectors, the forms of negotiation and relationships in it, to change our worldview patterns, and to create new dialogues and discoveries.
Counter-mapping is not so much a visual object that gathers information, as it is an opportunity to transcend the ‘ proper ’ representation of traditional maps, and their combined historical and geographical monopoly, of our bodies, cities and landmarks.
Mapping in a different way means redefining maps in a critical way.
This redefinition of cartography is an expression of opposition to power carried out by privileged groups, entities and individuals who seek to dominate others.
At the same time, it is an opportunity to democratize mapping techniques and practices beyond the personality of an artist, activist, specialist or researcher.
A quote from an interview I conducted with members of the Mapping Group might summarize the spirit of this proposal, in other words: “Together to map systems of oppression, not oppressed people! ”
Doctor, academic and independent researcher, interested in spatial and spatial studies and studies of cultural geography.
Visiting academic editor in several refereed academic journals, and works as a cultural consultant for the Khalid Shoman Foundation – Darat al Funun.

What happened after the opening of McDonald's restaurants in Rome opened?

Who is founder of the Slow Food Movement?

Carlo Petrini
An Italian sociologist and activist

What happened after the opening of McDonald's restaurants in Rome opened?

Who is founder of the Slow Food Movement?

Carlo Petrini
An Italian sociologist and activist

What happened after the opening of McDonald's restaurants in Rome opened?

Who is founder of the Slow Food Movement?

Carlo Petrini
An Italian sociologist and activist

What happened after the opening of McDonald's restaurants in Rome opened?

Who is founder of the Slow Food Movement?

Carlo Petrini
An Italian sociologist and activist

This event sparked Petrini's protest against fast food's encroachment on traditional Italian cuisine.

On returning to traditional food methods

What happened after the opening of McDonald's restaurants in Rome opened?

The movement emerged as a direct response to the increasing pace of modern life and the homogenization of food culture.

On returning to traditional food methods

What happened after the opening of McDonald's restaurants in Rome opened?

### Main Drivers and Founding Figures

**Carlo Petrini** is the undisputed leader and primary architect of

Who is founder of the Slow Food Movement?

Carlo Petrini
An Italian sociologist and activist