### Report on the Export Market of China's J-10 Fighter Jets

#### Introduction
This report provides a comprehensive overview of the export market for China's J-10 fighter jets, focusing on the countries that have purchased or are considering purchasing the aircraft, feedback from buyers, and commentary from media and defense analysts regarding the jet's performance and capabilities.

#### Countries That Have Purchased or Are Considering the J-10

1.

**Pakistan**
   - **Purchase Details**: Pakistan is one of the most prominent export customers for the J-10.

In 2007, Pakistan signed a deal to purchase 36 J-10CP variants, with deliveries beginning in 2009.

A second batch of 36 J-10CEs was ordered in 2018, with deliveries starting in 2021.

- **Feedback**: The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) has generally praised the J-10

### Report on the Export Market of China's J-10 Fighter Jets

#### Introduction
This report provides a comprehensive overview of the export market for China's J-10 fighter jets, focusing on the countries that have purchased or are considering purchasing the aircraft, feedback from buyers, and commentary from media and defense analysts regarding the jet's performance and capabilities.

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Content: Billion deals expected through the platforms of « Airshow 2023 »
Global Aviation explores Dubai ’ s opportunities and investments
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Global aviation will land in Dubai tomorrow in search of opportunities in the UAE and the region, which are driving the growth of the global aviation industry, through the gate of the Dubai Airshow 2023, which starts tomorrow with the participation of more than 1,400 companies, and the number of visitors is expected to exceed the figures of the last edition to more than 110,000 visitors.
This year ’ s Dubai Airshow focuses on the significant level of development in terms of growth and innovation in the sector, as well as highlighting the progress made in various related sectors.
The exhibition also provides a world-class platform to promote collaborations, technological advances and innovation.
The Dubai Airshow is one of the most prominent events in the global aviation sector, growing year after year, especially with the remarkable success of the November 2021 session, which saw deals worth more than $74 billion and attracted more than 104,000 visitors, an increase of almost 50% in the number of visitors, including senior executives from 148 countries.
The 18th edition of the Airshow is an opportunity to host companies from around the world to discuss the solutions that have contributed to the recovery and growth of the aviation sector in recent years, especially in the Middle East, which continues to grow significantly in the number of passengers to and from the region.
More than 1,400 exhibitors, including 400 first-time exhibitors and more than 80 start-ups working in areas including commercial aviation, advanced air mobility, aerospace and defence, are showcasing the latest innovative solutions to shape the industry ’ s future.
Dealings
The Dubai Airshow plays an important role in stimulating orders and igniting competition between Airbus and Boeing, and Emirates is expected to be the champion of the show this year and will receive more attention, according to Sir Tim Clark, President of Emirates Airline; the company intends to buy more wide-body aircraft, who said the company will order about 100 to 150 aircraft, of the largest models Airbus and Boeing.
Riyadh Airlines, which is building a fleet from zero, is close to placing an order for 100 Boeing 737 Max jets, adding short-haul aircraft to its fleet, and other airlines from the region are also present in the new aircraft market, with Turkish Airlines saying it wants to nearly double its fleet to 800 aircraft within a decade.
IndiGo, India ’ s largest airline, is also negotiating the purchase of wide-body aircraft to expand long-haul services, as a deal for about 20 Boeing 787 aircraft could be announced at the Dubai show.
Dubai Airshow 2023 will host a series of conferences with more than 300 speakers delivering around 80 hours of interactive content that elevates the level of dialogue in key industry areas including sustainability, air transport, artificial intelligence, business aviation and other topics.
It aims to enhance networking opportunities between attendees and participants in the exhibition, in line with its position as a leading international platform for business owners to enhance opportunities to shape the future of the sector.
The event will include daily displays of 180 of the world ’ s most advanced commercial and military aircraft, including air and ground displays.
The air show is one of the most popular among manufacturers in the sector as it provides them with the opportunity to showcase their capabilities to the exhibitors.
Made in UAE
Dubai Airshow 2023 is focused on supporting the ‘ Make in the UAE ’ campaign by providing a dedicated platform for global companies to explore the UAE ’ s competitive advantages through a series of executive panel discussions. The new initiative aims to connect global companies with UAE manufacturers and provide advice and guidance on setting up manufacturing centres in the country.
Held in parallel with the Dubai Airshow, Vesta is a platform for aviation start-ups to meet the world ’ s leading decision makers and investors to launch, grow and develop these companies.
The days of the show will feature competitions for startups, mentorship centers, and thought-provoking discussion sessions.
Space
The 18th edition of the Dubai Airshow addresses the space sector as a key element for the growth of the future of countries and the aviation sector in general.
The advancement of innovative space applications by private companies and industries has led to the creation of a new space economy, which is expected to exceed $634 billion by 2026, according to the Space Foundation.
The Global Air Traffic Management Conference returns live to the Dubai Airshow, following the success of the last three editions of the conference.
The conference provides a platform for reconnecting air navigation service providers and civil aviation authorities to discuss common challenges, solutions and unexpected developments in this new phase.
The exhibition offers a unique platform to explore the new opportunities presented by these revolutionary technologies, from drone delivery to air taxis, which are changing the way passengers and cargo travel.
Visitors can join the world ’ s leading names in the development of drones and electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft to explore the future of urban air transport.
The Diversity and Inclusion Conference reviews the importance of establishing a culture that values and supports the new demographic reality.
The conference aims to celebrate achievements, raise awareness and provide a platform to share ideas, best practices and strategies for successful growth.
The invitation-only Emirates Merit and Safety Conference kicks off for two days at Dubai Airshow 2023, hosted by the Ministry of Defence, with the participation of regulators from the military and commercial sectors to discuss the latest safety initiatives.
This program is specifically designed to help prepare the next generation of aviation professionals.
College, university and academic students can attend the final day of the Dubai Airshow, connect with exhibitors and explore opportunities in the aerospace and aviation sector.
They will also have the opportunity to experience the latest technologies on the ground, with the aim of inspiring young Emiratis to join the aerospace sector of the future.
The Dubai Airshow site is home to Skyview, an auditorium that allows visitors to enjoy the spectacular air shows of the show from 13 to 17 November.
The runway offers perfect views near the airstrip, as well as fun activities such as meeting pilots, food trucks and live entertainment.
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Content: These Russian and Chinese missiles amaze the United States
© Sputnik.
Илья Питалев / Moving to the bank of picturefighter "MiG-31"
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With the adoption of long-range air-to-air missiles in the Russian and Chinese air forces, which will be sent to the target by fifth-generation aircraft, the Pentagon may face serious problems, according to the magazine "National Interest".
The United States has yet to develop an effective defense plan against these deadly missiles.
Russia and China, with next-generation long-range air-to-air missiles, could pose a serious threat to aircraft supporting U.S. Air Force air operations.
These include AWACS aircraft, reconnaissance and surveillance aircraft, in-flight refueling, and electronic countermeasures.
Specialists often do not pay due attention to the capabilities of systems for restricting and blocking access to Russian and Chinese regions (such as long-range air interception weapons sent to the target of fighters), preferring modern anti-ship missile systems and surface-to-air missiles.
But these could deprive the United States of the ability to conduct sustained air operations in both the Asia-Pacific and European regions.
The bottom line is that the Russian and Chinese air forces can equip their MiG-31, Su-57, PAC-FT-50 and J-20 aircraft with long-range air-to-air missiles to hit American AWACS aircraft, tactical air reconnaissance and surveillance systems, as well as the promising KS-135 transport aircraft KS-46 Pegasus. There are few airports, and the distances between them are great.
In this regard, attention should be paid to three long-range missiles: the Russian RVVBD based on the R-37M and KC-172 as well as the Chinese PL-15.
The Russian long-range air-to-air missile, the RVVBD, is in service with the troops and is installed on MiG-31BM aircraft.
In the future, it is planned to equip the Su-35s and the Pak VT-50 stealth fighter with them.
The missile is said to successfully intercept targets at ranges exceeding 300 kilometers.
The original R-37 missile was developed in the Soviet Union to strike important NATO air assets such as the E-3 Sentry AWACS, E-8 (Joint Reconnaissance and Targeting Radar System) and the RC-135V / W.
The idea was to use high-speed MiG-31 fighters, 2.35 Makho with a range of more than 700 kilometers, to deliver a powerful payload of new air-to-air missiles capable of hitting these NATO aircraft.
An aircraft such as the MiG-31 or the Pak Fa stealth aircraft, flying at supersonic speed, is ideal for this type of mission, as it is difficult to intercept due to its high speed and high altitude.
Researcher Michael Kaufman, who works at the Center for Naval Analysis and specializes in Russian military affairs, said: “The R-37 is a special missile designed to destroy airborne reconnaissance and surveillance equipment.
It was developed and tested in the 1990s.
It was created not only for the MiG-31.
There is also a missile of the next model, which is one of the projects of the NEVATOR - this is the KS-172, which today is called the K-100.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Russian defense industry continued to work on the R-37 project, but progressed very slowly.
The 1990s were a very difficult period for the Russian military-industrial complex, since its funding was drastically reduced.
The development of the original Soviet model R-37 was discontinued, but later resumed under the name "RVV-PD" (product 610M), the creation of the R-37 sample (product 610) was discontinued in 1997 ".
The R-37M can use a combination of inertial guidance with carrier aircraft course correction and active radar guidance in the latter part of the flight.
During combat, the MiG-31 quickly flies to the target and fires an R-37M missile.
The aircraft may follow the target through its powerful, step-by-step array radar and transmit data to the missile until its radar is turned on.
It may also have a jamming homing missile system, such as the American AIM-120D AMRAAM missile, to counter EA-18G Growler electronic warfare aircraft.
The Soviet Union was well aware that one of the main advantages of NATO and the US Air Force was their ability to conduct coordinated air operations using the AWACS airborne early warning system.
In the USSR, a variety of methods were studied to counter such aircraft, among other things, work was carried out there to create long-range air-to-air weapons with a negative homing missile.
Although the RVV-BD is a formidable weapon, Moscow is developing a more advanced missile, the KS-172, which is sometimes referred to as the K-100.
If the maximum range of the RVV-BD is 370 kilometers, the Novator missile will be able to hit targets at a distance of up to 460 kilometers.
However, it is not clear when the development of the KS-172 / K-100 will end, and this product will begin production.
There are some indications that the K-100 project may be delayed and not implemented.
On the other side of the world, China is developing a PL-15 rocket with a jet engine that can have a range of up to 190 kilometers.
This missile caused panic among the US Air Force Command.
Air Combat Command Commander Gen. Herbert Carlyle said that because of the development of this Chinese missile, the United States must urgently develop a replacement for the decades-old AIM-120 AMRAAM missile.
But the problem is not only that the PL-15 has a longer range than the AMRAAM when launched from the J-20.
The Chinese will be able to attack tanks and reconnaissance aircraft, which will play a key role during the Pacific air campaign.
In 2008, the non-profit organization RAND estimated that in order to conduct air operations over Taiwan using Guam ’ s F-22s, USAF carriers would need to do 3-4 sorties per hour to deliver 9.8 million liters of fuel.
Beijing certainly takes this circumstance into account when developing its military plans.
There is little specific information about the J-20 aircraft, but it seems to have great speed and range, stealth characteristics and a strong internal combat load.
Since the J-20 has hypersonic speed, and PL-15 missiles are placed inside the hull of the aircraft, it is quite possible that this aircraft will be used to destroy American tankers and reconnaissance aircraft in the Pacific.
A 2008 RAND report notes that during a simulated experiment using long-range air-to-air missiles, Chinese Su-27-based aircraft destroyed all U.S. transport aircraft, reconnaissance aircraft, and maritime patrol vehicles, as well as air control points.
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Content: Special Report

This is the Most Widely Used Military Aircraft on Earth

In these days when single aircraft can cost billions of dollars, technological sophistication can often be more important than numbers. (This is the most expensive aircraft in the U.S. Military) But that doesn’t mean that certain jets, bombers, transports, and helicopters don’t serve an important role in large numbers. And some aircraft, despite being expensive, have been proven to be so effective relative to their cost, that they are owned by dozens of militaries around the world in the hundreds, and sometimes even thousands.

To identify the military aircraft that are most widely used, 24/7 Wall St. referenced the report 2023 World Air Forces from FlightGlobal, an aviation and aerospace industry website. We ranked each aircraft by the number of units in service in the 163 countries reporting to FlightGlobal. Supplemental data regarding the type of aircraft, how many are on order, and notable countries that use these aircraft also came from FlightGlobal.

Among the combat aircraft mentioned, the F-16 Fighting Falcon dominates this list as well as the world skies. Originally manufactured by General Dynamics, and now by Lockheed Martin, it is employed by more than 25 countries. This aircraft is known for its speed and versatility, capable of playing multiple roles on the battlefield. Since its inception in the late 1970s, the F-16 has been upgraded to include more advanced avionics, improved armament, and the integration of latest weapon systems. (Here are the top 10 most used fighter jets in the world.)

Helicopters are also indispensable in modern warfare, and this is reflected by their use in multiple militaries. The American twin-engine UH-60 Black Hawk, in the family of the Sikorsky S-70, is a prime example of a widely-used military helicopter. Developed by Sikorsky Aircraft, the UH-60 is employed for various mission types, including transport of troops and equipment, medical evacuation, and search and rescue operations. Its track record has made it one of the most popular in the world. (These are the most widely used combat helicopters on Earth.)

The vast majority of this list consists of combat aircraft and combat helicopters. Militaries tend to have fewer tankers, transports, and special mission aircraft because their roles are limited, while combat aircraft are more effective to project power.

The lone instance of a transport, tanker, and special mission aircraft on this list is the versatile C-130 Hercules and its multiple variants. Designed by Lockheed Martin, this aircraft is used in multiple roles on and off the battlefield, including humanitarian aid, disaster relief, and military logistics.

Here is a look at the most widely-used military aircraft in the world.

Source: VanderWolf-Images / iStock Editorial via Getty Images

25. NH90 Caiman
> Active aircraft: 446
> Aircraft on order: 147
> Type: Combat helicopter
> Notable countries: Australia, France, Netherlands

Source: Public Domain / Wikimedia Commons

24. Chengdu J-7 Fishcan
> Active aircraft: 452
> Aircraft on order: 0
> Type: Combat aircraft, training aircraft
> Notable countries: China

23. Bell 206 JetRanger
> Active aircraft: 478
> Aircraft on order: 0
> Type: Combat helicopter, training aircraft
> Notable countries: Argentina, Germany, Iraq, Italy

Source: my_public_domain_photos / Flickr

22. Sukhoi Su-25 Frogfoot
> Active aircraft: 489
> Aircraft on order: 0
> Type: Combat aircraft, training aircraft
> Notable countries: Armenia, Belarus, North Korea, Russia

21. Eurocopter H145
> Active aircraft: 533
> Aircraft on order: 88
> Type: Combat helicopter, training aircraft
> Notable countries: Albania, Germany, United States

Source: Public Domain / Wikimedia Commons

20. Ah-1 Cobra
> Active aircraft: 573
> Aircraft on order: 46
> Type: Combat helicopter, training aircraft
> Notable countries: Bahrain, Iran, Jordan, Pakistan

Source: U.S. Air Force photo by Tech. Sgt. Natasha Stannard / Public Domain

19. T-38 Talon
> Active aircraft: 575
> Aircraft on order: 0
> Type: Training aircraft
> Notable countries: Turkey, United States

Source: volvob12b / Flickr

18. Aero L-39 Albatros
> Active aircraft: 575
> Aircraft on order: 36
> Type: Combat aircraft, training aircraft
> Notable countries: Libya, Mali, Russia

17. MD500 Defender
> Active aircraft: 588
> Aircraft on order: 86
> Type: Combat helicopter
> Notable countries: Argentina, Colombia, North Korea

Source: rancho_runner / iStock via Getty Images

16. F-5 Tiger II
> Active aircraft: 611
> Aircraft on order: 0
> Type: Combat aircraft, training aircraft
> Notable countries: Brazil, Chile, South Korea, Switzerland

Source: my_public_domain_photos / Flickr

15. F-35 Lightning II
> Active aircraft: 716
> Aircraft on order: 2758
> Type: Combat aircraft, training aircraft
> Notable countries: Canada, Israel, United States

14. Mil Mi-17 Hip
> Active aircraft: 765
> Aircraft on order: 65
> Type: Combat helicopter
> Notable countries: Bangladesh, India, Venezuela

Source: VanderWolf-Images / iStock Editorial via Getty Images

13. Mil Mi-24 Hind
> Active aircraft: 828
> Aircraft on order: 33
> Type: Combat helicopter
> Notable countries: Armenia, Russia, Ukraine

Source: Milous / iStock via Getty Images

12. Mikoyan MiG-29
> Active aircraft: 899
> Aircraft on order: 79
> Type: Combat aircraft, training aircraft
> Notable countries: Belarus, Bulgaria, Cuba, Egypt

Source: James Jones / iStock Editorial via Getty Images

11. Sukhoi Su-27 Flanker
> Active aircraft: 964
> Aircraft on order: 87
> Type: Combat aircraft, training aircraft
> Notable countries: China, Kazakhstan, Russia

Source: Stocktrek Images / Stocktrek Images via Getty Images

10. CH-47 Chinook
> Active aircraft: 925
> Aircraft on order: 202
> Type: Combat aircraft
> Notable countries: Australia, Germany, United States

9. T-6 Texan
> Active aircraft: 980
> Aircraft on order: 68
> Type: Combat aircraft, training aircraft
> Notable countries: Thailand, United States, Iraq

Source: Public Domain / Wikimedia Commons

8. F-15 Eagle
> Active aircraft: 1,066
> Aircraft on order: 222
> Type: Combat aircraft, training aircraft
> Notable countries: Indonesia, Israel, Japan, United States

7. Bell UH-1 Iroquois
> Active aircraft: 1,105
> Aircraft on order: 33
> Type: Combat helicopter, training aircraft
> Notable countries: United States, Turkey, South Korea

Source: JohnnyPowell / E+ via Getty Images

6. F/A-18 Hornet
> Active aircraft: 1,111
> Aircraft on order: 116
> Type: Combat aircraft, training aircraft
> Notable countries: Canada, Spain, Switzerland, United States

Source: Ryan Fletcher / iStock Editorial via Getty Images

5. C-130 Hercules
> Active aircraft: 1,133
> Aircraft on order: 119
> Type: Combat aircraft, special mission, tanker, transport
> Notable countries: United States, Austria, Israel

Source: Courtesy of Boeing

4. AH-64 Apache
> Active aircraft: 1,233
> Aircraft on order: 324
> Type: Combat helicopter
> Notable countries: Greece, India, United States

3. Mil Mi-8 Hip
> Active aircraft: 2,039
> Aircraft on order: 17
> Type: Combat helicopter
> Notable countries: Algeria, Croatia, Cuba, Russia

Source: Stocktrek Images / Stocktrek Images via Getty Images

2. F-16 Fighting Falcon
> Active aircraft: 2,763
> Aircraft on order: 156
> Type: Combat aircraft, training aircraft
> Notable countries: Bahrain, Belgium, Denmark, Egypt

Source: fikretozk / iStock via Getty Images

1. S-70 Black Hawk
> Active aircraft: 3,909
> Aircraft on order: 806
> Type: Combat helicopter, training aircraft
> Notable countries: United States, Saudi Arabia, Poland

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Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

#### Countries That Have Purchased or Are Considering the J-10

1.

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Content: PolitOnline24
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Bloomberg learned about the plans of China for the future to buy Russian oil
China is negotiating with Russia to buy oil at a lower cost amid possible new restrictions from the West.
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Content: Friday 2 Dhu al-Hijjah 1443 AH - 1 July 2022 |
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300 aircraft.
China ’ s Largest Airbus Order Since Coronavirus Outbreak
Three of China ’ s largest airlines have signed a landmark contract to buy 300 aircraft from Airbus, described as the country ’ s largest since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Air China and China Southern Airlines have announced in separate disclosure documents filed with the exchange that they will each purchase 96 A320neo aircraft worth $12.2 billion at advertised prices.
China Eastern Airlines also said it would buy 100 aircraft of the same type, worth $12.8 billion.
Deliveries are expected to begin in 2023 and continue until 2027, with the bulk to be delivered in 2024.
Air China said its purchase would represent a 10.4 percent increase in available tonnage (ATK) capacity, while China Southern expects a 13 percent increase in capacity.
China Eastern said the new planes are narrow-body and will be deployed mostly on domestic routes and on flights to neighboring countries such as Japan, South Korea and Southeast Asia.
Major airlines usually get big discounts for the price list, with China Eastern confirming that the discounts were bigger than usual.
The recovery of Chinese aviation
China ’ s aviation industry has recovered in recent weeks from the blow it suffered after authorities shut down the huge city of Shanghai in April due to the new wave of the pandemic.
As well as the crash of a Boeing 737-800 in March, which killed 132 people on board, in the worst air disaster on the mainland in 28 years.
The 737 MAX, Boeing's primary model, has not resumed commercial flights in the country, although airlines are making test flights after China's aviation regulator lifted a grounding order late last year.
Boeing sold a quarter of the planes it makes annually to Chinese buyers, and China was its biggest customer, before the MAX was grounded after accidents in Indonesia and Ethiopia.
The massive order is expected to significantly boost the European aircraft maker, Airbus, in a key market.
Airbus said the orders showed positive momentum for the recovery and a booming outlook for the Chinese aviation market.
It added in a statement that once the relevant criteria are met, the backlog of applications will enter.
Shares in Airbus rose more than 3% following the news, while those of US rival Boeing fell 1.2% ahead of the market.
Its net profit more than tripled in the first quarter to 1.2 billion euros ($1.27 billion) compared to the same period last year.
Airbus jumped 3.02% to $95.24 at press time.

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Content: Wednesday 29 December 2021
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
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Mohamad Elbaz
Editor-in-Chief
Wael Lotfy
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
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Mohamad Elbaz
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Wael Lotfy
Hebrew media: Morocco negotiating with Israel to buy air defense system
The Hebrew website "Israel Defense" reported that Rabat is in negotiations with Tel Aviv on a deal to buy the advanced Israeli air defense system "Barak-8".
The website quoted informed sources as saying that "there are ongoing negotiations between Morocco and IAI on the purchase of the Barak-8 air defense system, which was reported by the Israeli press at the end of last November, where it pointed out that it began during the visit of Defense Minister Benny Gantz to Morocco, to sign a security agreement between the two countries."
The Barak-8 system was developed in cooperation between Israel and India with applications suitable for the sea (ships) and land (land systems).
"The system is capable of defending within a range of up to 150 kilometers against various air threats."
"The purchase of the Israeli systems comes with Moroccan reports of the receipt of the first Chinese FD-2000B system, which Morocco purchased in 2017, and the request of four such systems from China," he said.
The negotiations with IAI depend on the Moroccan security budget for 2022, during which Morocco will allocate $12.8 billion for the purchase and repair of equipment for the Royal Armed Forces, which is linked to the purchase of new weapons, which means the signing of new arms deals.
“Morocco has purchased Israeli systems against SkyLock drones, an old anti-drone produced by Israel Aerospace Industries, ” he said.
“The company, in cooperation with Bluebird, has sold drones to Morocco, while it was reported earlier that the deal includes the establishment of local production of drones in Morocco, ” he said.

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Content: World

From hypersonic missile to stealth fighter, China’s military race

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The world’s first stealth two-seater stealth fighter, J20 Wilong, “Mighty Dragon”, could make its maiden flight to China in less than two weeks, allowing Beijing to supplant Washington in the so-called “Next Generation Air Dominance” (NGAD) , the latest generation aerial domain. The official presentation will probably take place as early as November 11, and will be the flagship of the impressive 72nd anniversary celebrations of the PLA Air Force, the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, which is preparing to show the world its latest advances in its military technology. But China’s massive arms race in terms not only quantitative but, above all, technologically qualitative, is not limited to the new futuristic invisible two-seater aircraft, because in these hours it has leaked from reliable sources close to the military leaders of the Pla that China has strongly increased the number of missile tests to increase the reliability and effectiveness of even these dreaded weapons, including nuclear hypersonic missiles. And timing is certainly not causal, because the target of this muscular display of military might always has the same name: Taiwan.

Today, at the G20 underway in Rome, the Chinese Foreign Minister threatened a bit ‘everyone – the US in the first place – warning the world once again – but with even greater vehemence than in the past – that Taiwan is hot stuff, and it will be better for everyone to refrain even from trying to get in the way between Beijing and Taipei: “Those who support Taiwan will pay the price” said with a more resolute expression than usual – and with very little diplomacy – the head of Beijing diplomacy, Wang Yi, who at home they call it “Silver Fox”. A nickname that he deserved not so much for his candid hair, but above all for his Machiavellian cunning capable – as indeed he has shown on several occasions – to make fun of diplomats, politicians and countries. Yi is a great Mahjong player, like all Chinese, and today in Rome the clear impression is that he played a game of geopolitical Mahjong against an international parterre of players. By winning him, of course, or rather, by assigning the victory once again to China, which made more noise with an absence – that of Xi Jinping – than any presence, even prominent, such as that of Joe Biden.

Earlier this week, Beijing had already warned Washington that its support for Taiwan would entail “enormous risks” for relations between the two main world powers. After the news of the presence of American troops on the ground of what Beijing considers nothing more than a “rebel province”, confirmed by Taiwanese President Tsai Ying Wen in an interview with CNN, the tension has grown even more, up to lead to today’s threatening warnings. “Recently, the United States and other countries have tried to achieve a breakthrough on Taiwan, contrary to the political guarantees given when they established diplomatic relations with China,” the Beijing Foreign Minister insisted, but, he said again, “the history and the idea of ”One China” are indisputable and the progress of the 1.4 billion inhabitants of China in promoting the peaceful reunification of the motherland is unstoppable “: in practice, – this in a nutshell the thesis of China stated today da Wang – the US and its allies are betraying their commitments with China by trying to “reach out” to Taiwan.

U.S. efforts to develop a two-seat stealth fighter stalled in the 1990s when a variant of the Lockheed Martin / Boeing F-22 was abandoned to save money. In the early 2010s the Pentagon announced two next-generation programs: the aforementioned NGAD for aeronautics and a long-term naval plan known as F / A-XX for the development of next-generation naval aircraft to integrate and ultimately replace the current F / A-18E / F Super Hornet Fighter. Now China proves to be able to easily supplant American military efforts, with this new fighter, whose prototype was first seen (and photographed) a few days ago while taxiing on the runway of an airport for flight tests. at the Chengdu Aerospace Corporation facility in the southwestern province of Sichuan. With this unprecedented two-seater variant of the J-20, the Chinese aerospace military industry demonstrates that Beijing is now perfectly capable of developing a fully proprietary war technology, and no longer needs to rely on foreign technology, as it did in the past. Two-seat stealth fighters to date have been designed as training aircraft, with the back seat reserved for a trainer. What makes China’s new “Mighty Dragon” so lethal is the fact that the second pilot is able to autonomously control drones close to the plane – dubbed “loyal wingmen” by Chinese military designers – in aerial combat. A frightening combination to say the least.

The impending inaugural flight on 11 November will take place under very different circumstances from the unveiling of the first J-20 Mighty Dragon, which took place on 11 January 2011, during a visit to Beijing by then US Defense Secretary Robert Gates, aimed at defuse military tensions between the two countries. Those were times when that maiden flight served to show China’s efforts to increase military transparency, as both sides hoped to strengthen mutual political trust. A decade later, the meaning of the two inaugural flights has totally changed. Now it is a pure display of the weapon’s technical effectiveness. China wants to show everyone its ability to use “faithful gregarious” drones with or without crew, openly challenging the concept of American NGAD, on the same ground.

In recent years, China has increased the frequency and scope of military tests, carried out using established and / or experimental weapons. Most missile tests in China are conducted in secret, but some can be detected by satellites. Earlier this month, Ned Price, a spokesman for the US State Department, said China launched at least 250 ballistic missiles between January and September, equivalent to the total number of tests last year. Price did not disclose the number of tests carried out by the United States over the same period, but said the White House interpreted the Chinese tests as a “rapid expansion of nuclear capabilities of the PRC,” adding that the US was faced with a “particularly worrying” scenario. A concern further increased in the last hours by the news coming from Beijing that speak of a drastic increase in the number of test flights that Chinese missiles have to face before going into production, in an attempt to further improve their reliability. The new air-to-air missiles, in fact, previously had to carry out eight tests in which they hit a moving target, to be considered suitable for production; now the minimum requirement has risen to 15. Soon, then, other parameters will also be tested such as, for example, the verification of resistance to electromagnetic impulse attacks, and in that case the new missiles will have to pass 20 tests.

Recently, in the specialized magazine Aero Weaponry, military researcher Li Gencheng and colleagues from the China Airborne Missile Academy in Luoyang published an article referring to problems about the “unstable quality” of supplies and the “unreliable delivery times” of companies. Chinese suppliers. “The high command wanted these problems to be solved before mass production” – reads the article – and for this reason, in order to be able to count on a reliable and definitive quality check, they decided to launch the new protocol on missile tests. . Also according to another study signed by senior engineer Liu Yan and his colleagues at the Beijing Institute of Electronic System Engineers, published in the journal Modern Defense Technology, the Chinese military is facing an increasing number of quality control problems during the development of new weapons. In the past, missiles were extensively tested in different environments – such as deserts or islands – for long periods, but this is no longer possible due to the large number of new weapons that have appeared in recent years. The PLA then established a new centralized task force to oversee the reliability of the new missiles, built a series of test facilities with controlled environments to accelerate testing, and plans to use artificial intelligence technology, according to the paper.

Initially, the leaders of the Chinese army had made two proposals to establish the new missile protocols. The first involved the launch of a new missile reaching the target 15 times without any failure, the other 27 times, with no more than one failure, to guarantee a success rate of more than 90%. But the military’s proposals sparked protests from Beijing’s defense contractors, who argued that the new missiles’ chances of passing these tests would be well below 20 percent. After the negotiations, the People’s Liberation Army and the state defense companies reached a compromise, in which the contractor produces 50 missiles, from which the army randomly chooses 15 for testing and the new weapon gets the go. free for deployment if no more than two miss the target.

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Limiting the number of missile tests is an important aspect of international arms control treaties because the more reliable a weapon is, the more formidable it becomes to the international community.

Other countries also encountered problems when testing missiles. For example, a US Minuteman III ICBM failed to take off during a test flight in May of this year. In 2018, the US military had to press the self-destruct button on another Minuteman who had developed “anomalies” during a Pacific test.

During a meeting with military and defense industry representatives on Tuesday, President Xi Jinping said that China’s “arms and equipment construction has achieved exceptional development and historic achievements” over the past five years. Xi urged military and industrial leaders to “strengthen a modern management system while opening new horizons in the production of weapons and equipment,” according to the People’s Daily, a Chinese Communist Party newspaper.

The Financial Times recently reported that China had tested two new hypersonic nuclear-capable weapons that could travel at more than five times the speed of sound, a development that a senior US commander described as “very disturbing,” although Beijing denied. that the tests had a military purpose. The Chinese Foreign Ministry denied the reports and said the operations were “routine test flights” aimed at recycling spacecraft to reduce exploration costs. An affirmation that – even more so in the light of these new, worrying updates on the military escalation undertaken by Beijing with ever more determination and use of financial resources and technological means – has not really convinced anyone.

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James Reno

Editor-in-Chief, James loves playing games and loves to write about them more. He knows a lot about entertainment because he has done a drama course. James loves writing, so he is our writer. email: james@d1softballnews.com

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In China, the third plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the twentieth convocation will start, which will last until July 18.
It is planned to discuss the economic development of the country.
The experts interviewed by Izvestia are confident that decisions will be made following the results of the meeting.
At the same time, in the West, the media say that there are serious problems in the PRC economy - large debts of local authorities and a collapse in the real estate sector.
Details - in the material "News".
The third is the most important
This event is considered one of the main in the domestic policy of the country.
Usually, the third plenum is devoted to economic issues, where Beijing has recently faced a number of problems.
Such a close attention of local and Western media to this plenum is not accidental – in 1978, the third plenum laid the foundations of the “policy of reform and openness ”, at which the author of this course Deng Xiaoping finally defeated his rival – the successor of Mao Zedong – Hua Guofeng.
And most importantly, important measures for gradual liberalization were laid down.
After that, Beijing began to gradually open up to the world, experimenting with the introduction of elements of a market economy.
This, in particular, concerns the increase in domestic demand after the lifting of the harsh measures imposed after the coronavirus pandemic.
At the same time, formally, the Chinese authorities achieve the goals that they themselves set.
Last year, GDP growth reached 5.2%, this year it is planned to keep it within 5%.
Main issues on the agenda
In the spring, Chinese President Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, met with business representatives in the city of Jinan, Shandong Province, where he called on them to “breakthrough reforms ” on issues such as improving social and public services, employment, income growth, etc.
General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Xi Jinping
Photo: Global Look Press / Xinhua / Li Xueren
According to the Xinhua news agency, the current plenum will consider the issues of “comprehensive deepening of reforms and promotion of modernization of the PRC. ”
However, the results of this event, as stated in the publication, will be known only after July 18.
It is believed that there are three topics on the agenda: increasing taxes, the possibility of raising the retirement age and announcing new measures to attract investors.
Currently, in China, the retirement age is 55 years for women who worked in the office, and 50 years for representatives of working professions, 60 years for men.
If now the share of older people over 60 years is about 20%, then in six years their number will be a third of the population.
The CCP is increasingly drawing attention to the importance of “new qualitative productive forces ”, speaking about the need to develop such areas as biotechnology, hydrogen energy, quantum computing.
On Monday, July 15, the economic indicators of China ’ s development for the first six months of 2024 were published, GDP grew by 5%.
The growth rate of the PRC economy slowed in the second quarter to 4.7% compared with 5.3% in the first.
Photo: REUTERS / Tingshu Wang
At the same time, media in the West report heavy debts of local governments in China and a collapse in the real estate and construction sector.
It is noted that this market is declining, given that this sector accounts for more than 25% of the country ’ s GDP.
As reported by The Wall Street Journal, the authorities in the provinces have gone into debt, many houses remain uninhabited, and university graduates are increasingly difficult to find work.
A zero-sum game
“After the open and reformist economic policies of the PRC government in the 1970s and 1980s, China ’ s economic growth rate was unprecedented.
Per capita output, for example, has increased by about 3,000% in recent decades, leading many analysts to call China ’ s economic growth a miracle.
In particular, the article notes that in recent years, economic growth in China has slowed.
Managing Director and partner of Boston Consulting Group Aparna Bharadwaj notes that, according to forecasts of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), by 2029 growth will fall to 3.3%.
“However, even the so-called slow growth of China is actually incredibly relevant for the global economy, ” the expert said.
In his opinion, Beijing will need new opportunities to maintain sustainable growth.
This includes expanding its involvement in new and transformative industries such as artificial intelligence, digital financial services and green technology.
Professor of Economics at the London School of Economics and Political Science Jin Keiu, in turn, notes that for a global green transition “trillions of dollars of investment are needed, ” adding that“ China will play a very important role ” in this transformation.
Analysts note that despite China ’ s positive economic outlook for 2024, obstacles and hindrances to growth persist.
In particular, these are geopolitical tensions and global economic fragmentation.
Taiwan Army conducts military exercises after large-scale joint military exercises of China around Taiwan, May 23, 2024
Photo: Reuters / Anadolu / Taiwan's Military News Agency
“Geopolitics, of course, is essentially a zero-sum game, ” says Cornell University professor Eswar Prasad.
Last year, the IMF estimated that economic fragmentation and increased international trade restrictions could cost the global economy $7.4 trillion and reduce global economic output by as much as 7%.
Experts note that a significant threat to economic development around the world, especially for developing countries, creates tensions between the United States and China.
Complex event
Vasily Kashin, Director of the HSE CCEMI, in an interview with Izvestia, noted that the third plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China of each convocation over the past decades was devoted to economic policy and determined the economic course for the entire period of work of the relevant Central Committee, and in many cases longer.
In the past year and a half, we have seen an aggravation of the economic situation in the country, while the plenum was not convened at the usual time for it.
This gave rise to a large number of assumptions about why, against the background of the deterioration of the economic situation, the main event related to the planning of economic development was not held in a number of areas, ” the political scientist noted.
The Chinese explained that there is no clear explanation so far.
Members of the Standing Committee of the 20th CPC Central Committee Politburo: Li Xi, Cai Qi, Zhao Leji, Xi Jinping, Li Qiang, Wang Huning and Ding Xuexian
Photo: Getty Images / Lintao Zhang
— I would suggest that they are simply preparing some serious reform program, which, on the one hand, caused discussions, on the other — required a long study.
Although the assumptions may be different.
Either way, the plenum will now take place.
And given the fact that it was postponed, and given that the situation in the economy was difficult, we can expect that this time major decisions will be announced, the expert is sure.
The expert believes that they will relate to economic policy in all its manifestations, including foreign economic issues.
According to him, this will be a response to the crisis phenomena that have recently occurred in the PRC economy, as well as to the deteriorating external situation - the growth of external barriers for high-tech products from China, the decline in exports to developed markets, etc.
Although for the most part they are focused on internal issues, everything will be involved there – and financial policy issues will also be considered.
This is a complex event, the analyst summed up.
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Content: The Philippines will purchase two 2,000-ton light frigates from South Korea to enhance its naval strength, while Oman and Australia will also purchase K-2 main tanks and K-9 self-propelled guns from South Korea.
South Korea's own T-50 advanced trainer aircraft, not only supersonic, but also has the space to be converted into an attack aircraft, has been exported to Indonesia, Thailand, Iraq and other countries, in addition, South Korea is also working hard to develop a new generation of KF-21 fighter aircraft, has not yet been mass-produced to get orders from Indonesia.
South Korea has made brilliant achievements in weapons manufacturing and research and development, although it has the strong support of the United States, but it also needs to have heavy industrial strength and government resources to invest in it.
In the international arms market, the unit prices of the US and Europe are surprisingly high, and small and medium-sized countries can not afford to buy traditional weapons such as artillery, tanks and training aircraft from South Korea. Performance.
But the Tsai government's "Made in China" and "Made in China" cry were so high that the navy's submarine fleet was already under development, and the navy's new generation of frigates with a lower technical level had not yet been finalized.
The government should no longer stick to the principle of "building a national ship" and follow the example of the Communist Party of China in "running fast in small steps, buying when you can".
※ The above statements do not represent the position of Wangzhong Media Group ※
# Korea # Export # Home Made # Navy # Procurement

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

**Pakistan**
   - **Purchase Details**: Pakistan is one of the most prominent export customers for the J-10.

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Content: Military Review
China ’ s hypersonic tests: secrets and potential
15
The flight of the hypersonic block in the artist ’ s view.
Graphics of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
The other day it became known that China launched a hypersonic aircraft.
The characteristics and purpose of this product remain unknown, and the fact of testing is not officially confirmed.
Nevertheless, even unconfirmed information from the foreign press is of great interest and shows the level of development of the Chinese hypersonic program.
Sources familiar with the situation
On October 16, the American newspaper Financial Times reported about the tests in an article “China tests new space capability with hypersonic missile ”.
The publication received information about this event from five unnamed individuals associated with the US intelligence community.
Sources in general form the overall picture, although their interpretations of events differ significantly.
It is alleged that the test launch of the hypersonic aircraft took place at the end of August.
With the help of the carrier rocket "Changzheng-2C", the product was accelerated to the required speed and brought to the calculated trajectory.
The device went beyond the atmosphere, then made a revolution around the Earth and headed for the intended target.
Reportedly, the target hit failed – the device deviated from not about 20 miles.
FT sources also noted that China is showing significant advances in hypersonic technology.
His real achievements are much higher than is believed in the United States.
This leads to an important question: why does the US leadership consistently underestimate China ’ s scientific and industrial potential?
Also in the FT article there are well-known considerations about the potential of hypersonic weapons and their impact on the military-political situation.
The publication recalled that such systems are highly efficient and extremely difficult to intercept.
If China can complete the development and put such systems on alert, they will become an additional “destabilizing factor. ”
However, the situation can develop differently.
Recent tests do not necessarily indicate the possibility of deploying new weapons.
Chinese carrier rocket "Changzheng-2C".
Photo CALT
In the footsteps of the American publication, new materials appeared.
So, in Chinese social networks began to spread videos showing the flight of an unidentified high-speed object.
They captured the evening sky, crossed out by a bright trace of LA.
In this case, the track-line lengthens quickly enough, which indicates a high speed of flight.
Curiously, these shots were taken in early September, not in August.
Technical secrets
Information about the recent launch and the prototype used is very little.
However, they allow you to make a general picture and even determine the approximate characteristics of the new hypersonic product.
Since China will not disclose official information in the foreseeable future, it will have to rely only on such estimates.
According to foreign data, the launch used the carrier rocket "Changzheng-2C".
This is a two-stage rocket with a length of 42 m and a diameter of 3.35 m. The starting mass is 233 tons.
It is capable of launching up to 3.85 tons of cargo into low Earth orbit or up to 1.25 tons into geo-transition orbit.
All this allows you to imagine the possible range of dimensions and mass of the experimental aircraft.
It is reported that the experimental product went beyond the atmosphere and performed a flight around the planet, after which it went down and attacked the intended target.
Information about the miss does not allow you to determine the method of guidance, but indicates that the automation copes with part of the tasks, but is still not perfect enough and needs further refinement.
What class does the experienced aircraft belong to - while it is impossible to determine, the available descriptions do not give specifics.
It is known as the Fractional Orbital Bombardment System (FOBS).
At the same time, it is possible to assume the use of the scheme of the planning combat unit, although the known data may refute this.
Presumably, the flight of a Chinese hypersonic aircraft.
Frame from Weibo / ChDambiev video
The issue of combat equipment in the available sources is not disclosed.
Perhaps the current prototype does not have such a load.
In the future, when creating a combat version of the hypersonic complex, they can provide for the use of a nuclear and conventional warhead.
However, high flight speed, with sufficient range, allows you to do without a warhead.
It is reported that after the launch and before reaching the final section of the trajectory, the experimental apparatus flew around the Earth.
From this it follows that already in its current form, the complex has a global range and can hit targets anywhere on the planet.
In addition, there is the possibility of attacking the target from the optimal direction, for example, bypassing the enemy's defense means.
The speed of the flight is unknown.
The aircraft is designated as hypersonic, which indicates that the threshold of 5M is exceeded.
At the same time, more accurate values are unknown and it will not be possible to determine them.
It is also unclear when and how such speeds are achieved.
So, the planning combat unit should receive the maximum speed at acceleration and “exchange ” it for altitude and range.
The FOBS concept, in turn, allows you to get the maximum acceleration only on the descending part of the trajectory.
Hypersonic potential
In general, China was able to create a hypersonic missile system with high flight performance, which, perhaps, will allow to obtain high combat qualities.
Probably, so far these are only experimental products, but on their basis a complex can be created for full operation in the troops.
You can imagine how the project will develop further.
First of all, Chinese engineers will have to improve the control system and, possibly, modify the design of the aircraft.
Also, if there are relevant requirements of the customer, the device will be equipped with a warhead.
Apparently, a new carrier will be found for it, which will replace the current Changzheng-2C missile.
At the same time, the new missile should not only show the required technical characteristics, but also meet the requirements of deployment and operation in the troops.
Chinese amateur operators indicate the date of September 2.
Frame from Weibo / ChDambiev video
The result of such work will be a full-fledged hypersonic missile complex of strategic purpose.
The use of a fundamentally new combat unit will provide obvious advantages.
Due to the special profile of the flight, it will be able to hit targets in a minimum time anywhere on the planet, moving along the optimal trajectory.
At the same time, hypersonic speed and maneuverability will sharply complicate detection, tracking and subsequent interception.
However, the project has obvious shortcomings.
First of all, this is a general complexity, due to which the development and fine-tuning processes can be delayed for a long time.
In addition, both the project itself and the serial complexes, due to the complexity, should be distinguished by a high cost, which will determine the capabilities of China for their mass production and deployment.
A fundamentally new model
Thus, China gradually, systematically and secretly carried out the necessary work and created an experienced hypersonic missile system.
In the near future, he will have to complete the tests and fine-tuning, after which the new weapon can go into the series and take on combat duty.
The main consequence of this will be a sharp increase in the combat capabilities of the missile forces, as well as their importance for strategic deterrence and national security.
In addition, the new project will have a positive impact on the reputation of the country and its army.
So, in the recent past, the Strategic Missile Forces of Russia put on duty the first Avangard hypersonic complexes, which again brought them to the world leaders.
And now China has every chance to become the second power in the world to receive weapons of this class.
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Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

In 2007, Pakistan signed a deal to purchase 36 J-10CP variants, with deliveries beginning in 2009.

Title:

Content: Mock Attack On U.S. Navy Vessels Underway During Chinese Fighter’s ‘Unsafe Intercept’

The Chinese Navy staged a simulated attack on U.S. Navy warships in the South China Sea earlier this month.

byThomas Newdick| PUBLISHED Dec 30, 2022 12:31 PM
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The Chinese Navy simulated an attack on a U.S. Navy task group in the South China Sea on December 21, the same day that a Chinese J-11 fighter jet intercepted a U.S. Air Force RC-135 surveillance aircraft, in what the Pentagon termed an “unsafe maneuver.” While a video of the intercept was released yesterday, which you can read more about here, further details are now becoming available pointing to a large-scale Chinese exercise in the South China Sea, involving the aircraft carrier Shandong, as well as other undisclosed bomber and fighter aircraft.

“As part of that exercise, a strike group led by the Shandong simulated attacks on a U.S. Navy formation,” an official from an unnamed Asian country disclosed to the Financial Times. It was while this was happening that the armed People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) J-11BSH Flanker fighter jet intercepted the RC-135. That incident occurred within international airspace.

It’s now clear that there was significant air and naval activity in the South China Sea at the time, which also included refueling sorties above the Bashi Channel, the highly strategic straits which run from the southern end of Taiwan to the northern tip of the island of Luzon in the Philippines.

Intense Chinese military activity in the South China Sea is hardly unusual, although it’s interesting to note that, in this case, the exercise scenario apparently targeted U.S. Navy vessels specifically.

At the same, time, U.S. surveillance and maritime patrol aircraft are also regular visitors to the South China Sea, and the Bashi Channel in particular.

Indeed, it’s highly conceivable that the RC-135 that was intercepted was monitoring the same Chinese military drill as it unfolded in the air and in the waters of the South China Sea. In the past, the SCS Probing Initiative, hosted by the Peking University in Beijing, has claimed that “The U.S. military conducts three to five sorties to the South China Sea every day.”

On December 21, according to the SCS Probing Initiative, the U.S. military sent three P-8A maritime patrol aircraft, one RC-135V surveillance aircraft, and one E-3G airborne early warning and control aircraft from Clark Air Base and Kadena Air Base to operate over the South China Sea and south of the Taiwan Strait. The RC-135V in question could very well have been the one intercepted by the J-11.

Meanwhile, the PLAN’s most recently inducted aircraft carrier, Shandong, has also conducted previous exercises in the region, as have U.S. Navy carrier strike groups.

In fact, the intensity of U.S. carrier operations in the South China Sea has picked up in recent years. In July 2020, for example, two Nimitz class aircraft carriers, the USS Nimitz and USS Ronald Reagan took part in the first dual-carrier exercise held there in six years.

Notably, as of December 21, the PLAN also had another carrier task group conducting large-scale exercises, this time with Liaoning operating in the Philippine Sea. The ability of the PLAN to carry out simultaneous large-scale carrier operations in two different locations is a significant one, as carriers and out-of-area operations become more central to its concept of operations.

Overall, the events of December 21 reflect the patterns of activity that are increasingly commonplace for both China and the United States in the region.

Beijing claims the bulk of the South China Sea as its sovereign territory, contributing to this being the region’s most hotly contested body of water. Such claims are bolstered by China’s construction of controversial man-made islands in the region. These outposts have become increasingly militarized, part of China’s strategy for enforcing its expansive territorial claims despite significant international opposition. The same strategy also involves paramilitary vessels that are used to impede other nations’ access to fishing areas and energy resources.

In addition, the Bashi Channel serves as an important passageway from the South China Sea in the broader Pacific to the east, especially for Chinese submarines. These include the ballistic missile submarines at the sprawling Yulin Naval Base on Hainan Island, at the northern end of the South China Sea, which constitute an increasingly important part of Beijing’s strategic nuclear forces.

For the U.S. military, meanwhile, there is a clear requirement to monitor Chinese activities in the region, including exercises, but also gathering any kind of intelligence that could shed light on the capabilities of PLAN aircraft and ships, as well as tactics, techniques, and procedures. Of course, a close intercept by a J-11 on a U.S. strategic reconnaissance asset can also reveal critical intelligence details.

While the precise location of the RC-135 intercept, and of the simulated attacks on the U.S. Navy by the Shandong strike group, remain unclear, the issue of Taiwan also plays into the geopolitical backdrop of these and similar incidents.

The Chinese leadership has taken an increasingly aggressive stance toward Taiwan in recent years, while officials in the United States are now more openly expressing concerns that Beijing may seek to take control of the island sooner rather than later. The PLAN’s ability to frustrate any U.S. Navy operations that might be undertaken in support of Taiwan is clearly fundamental to success

As to the RC-135’s encounter with the J-11, a U.S. military spokesperson has confirmed to Reuters that the Chinese jet actually came within 10 feet of the surveillance plane’s wing, but 20 feet from its nose. It was the position of the Chinese jet off the nose of the RC-135 which reportedly caused the U.S. aircraft to take evasive maneuvers to avoid a collision.

The video that has been presented doesn’t appear to show the J-11 in extremely close proximity to the RC-135, or undertaking overtly hazardous maneuvers, something that former RC-135 pilot and contributor to The War Zone, Robert S Hopkins III, has observed:

Still, the Chinese Flanker is shown coming close to the RC-135 in a manner in which keeping visual separation may have been impeded for the pilot flying the fighter and we don't know what else happened that was not shown in the video. But by the DoD's account, some evasive maneuvering occurred, which we do not see.

Regardless, the Pentagon clearly considers that the action by the J-11 fits within a wider pattern of “dangerous behavior” by Chinese military aircraft, especially over the highly contested South China Sea.

Repeated incidents have been described variously as risky or unprofessional, although it’s also apparent that these encompass a range of different actions by the Chinese aircraft, some of which are clearly more dangerous than others.

In July, Gen. Mark Milley, chairman of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, said that China had become more aggressive in its intercepts of U.S. and allied military aircraft. U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin has also raised his concerns about this issue in a recent meeting with Chinese Minister of Defense Wei Fenghe.

Some actions by Chinese aircraft in recent months have been more overtly threatening. A case in point is the incident in May this year, when an Australian P-8A was damaged by countermeasures launched by a Chinese J-16 Flanker fighter jet over the South China Sea, according to the Australian Department of Defense.

In an incident that you can read more about here, the J-16 is said to have cut across and in front of the Australian patrol plane before releasing chaff, which is normally used to blind and confuse radars, but which would cause serious damage if ingested into an engine.

In response to the P-8 incident, the Chinese Ministry of Defense stated that the “countermeasures taken by the Chinese military are professional, safe, reasonable, and legitimate.”

Beijing frames military activities by the United States and its allies as a threat to peace in the region, issuing sharp rebukes to U.S. Navy warships conducting so-called Freedom of Navigation Patrols, or FONOPs. Meanwhile, its claims over most of the South China Sea and Taiwan remain steadfast.

So far, the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command has not provided any more details about the December 21 incident, or the scope of the Chinese exercise, but the issue of the RC-135 intercept has been raised with the Chinese government. The Ministry of Defense in Beijing and the Chinese Embassy in the United States are yet to comment.

With no obvious signs that the overall geopolitical situation in the region is set to change any time soon, it seems more likely than not that we will see more incidents involving the PLAN and the U.S. military — and its allies — in this strategic area.

Large-scale exercises like those undertaken by China in the South China Sea on December 21, and the RC-135 intercept that took place concurrently, also highlight the dangers of inadvertent conflict — if only through a misunderstanding — that are always present in these kinds of high-stakes encounters.

Contact the author: thomas@thedrive.com

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

A second batch of 36 J-10CEs was ordered in 2018, with deliveries starting in 2021.

How many J-10 Fighters has Pakistan imported from China?

How may J-10 fighters will Sudan likely to import from China?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

How many J-10 Fighters has Pakistan imported from China?

How may J-10 fighters will Sudan likely to import from China?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

How many J-10 Fighters has Pakistan imported from China?

How may J-10 fighters will Sudan likely to import from China?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

- **Feedback**: The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) has generally praised the J-10

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?


### Comprehensive Report on Saharan Dust Storm Impact for San Antonio, TX

#### Introduction
As a city planner in San Antonio, TX, understanding the potential impacts of Saharan dust storms is crucial for preparing an effective response.

This report synthesizes data on how Saharan dust storms have historically affected weather and air conditions in the Americas, identifies both negative and positive impacts, highlights affected areas, and suggests appropriate preparations to mitigate contemporary Saharan dust storms.

#### Historical Impact of Saharan Dust Storms in the Americas

**Weather and Air Conditions**
Saharan dust storms, also known as Saharan Air Layer (SAL) events, transport massive amounts of dust across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas.

These events typically occur between late spring and early fall, peaking in summer.

The dust can significantly affect air quality, reduce visibility, and alter local weather patterns.

- **Air Quality**: The fine particulate matter (PM2.

5 and PM10) in Saharan dust can degrade

### Comprehensive Report on Saharan Dust Storm Impact for San Antonio, TX

#### Introduction
As a city planner in San Antonio, TX, understanding the potential impacts of Saharan dust storms is crucial for preparing an effective response.

Title:

Content: 02 July 2024, 17: 04
Bad weather in Texas has become a threat to the new F-35 fighters
Read us in: Google News
Located on the open runway of an airfield in Texas, F-35 fighters will receive severe damage from the impending storm on the state.
This is with reference to the statement of the Agency for the management of defense contracts of the Pentagon reported by Bloomberg.
Journalists recalled that the aircraft are waiting for software updates in the Texas city of Fort Worth.
Nobody knows the exact timing of the installation of the new program.
If the storm damaged the fighters, then their repair will require additional funds.
“American taxpayers may pay an additional millions of dollars for repairs if F-35 fighters receive significant damage from bad weather while waiting on a Texas airfield for a long-delayed software update. ”
According to the agency, the total amount spent on the development, production and maintenance of the F-35 has already exceeded $1.8 trillion, making it the most expensive weapon system in history.
The weather forecast was no consolation either.
They recalled that in the summer in Texas raging hurricanes with gusts of wind up to 27 meters per second, which are accompanied by large hail that can damage the lining of fighters.
About the beginning of mass production of F-35A Lightning II Deputy Secretary of Defense William Laplante announced at the end of March this year.
Journalists recalled that the development of a new stealth aircraft from the company Lockheed Martin took 22 years, and the release was adjusted only after the announcement of the reduction of purchases for the US air fleet.
02 July 2024, 18: 02
The UN accused Russia of interfering with the satellite systems of the European Union
RIA "News"
Read us in: Google News
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has reported a series of jamming of satellite systems in Europe and Ukraine, accusing Russia of it.
This was reported by Reuters with reference to the communiqué.
France, the Netherlands, Sweden, Luxembourg and Ukraine have all complained about disruptions in satellite broadcasting over the past few months.
They claimed that the interference not only interrupted the work of TV channels, but also created a danger to the movement of aircraft in the sky.
According to ITU, the interference came from ground stations located “near Moscow, Kaliningrad and Pavlovka ”.
The Union also said it had requested comment from the Russian authorities, but had not received a response.
In its communiqué, the ITU called on Russia to “stop deliberate malicious interference ” and join the investigation.
Earlier, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland accused Russia of disruptions in the GPS in the Gulf of Finland.
02 July 2024, 16: 15
ATOR assessed the impact of anti-Syrian protests in Turkey on the rest of tourists from Russia
RIA "News"
Read us in: Google News
Conflicts between Turks and refugees from Syria over the past few days have not affected Russians who have come to the country.
The main protests took place far from the resort areas.
This was reported by the Association of Tour Operators of Russia.
The organization explained that the largest unrest swept the cities of Kayseri, Hatay and Gaziantel, where protesters set fire to cars and smashed Syrian shops.
Local police quickly suppressed the pogroms and arrested 67 of the most active participants.
The main flow of tourists from Russia falls on the resorts of the province of Antalya, where there was only one small rally in a remote area from the coast.
Therefore, vacationers did not even notice the protest actions.
In addition, the main hotels are located in the suburbs of Antalya, where no protests took place.
In the city itself, the clashes were local and quickly suppressed by the police.
At the same time, representatives of tour operators stressed that those who travel independently and go to unpopular regions with vacationers should be careful.
This is especially true of the eastern and southeastern provinces of Turkey, where there are compact places of residence for Syrian refugees.
The police are in control of the situation, but it is still better for foreigners to choose routes without a large crowd and bypass the areas where the rallies are held.
During protests against Syrian refugees in the Turkish city of Kayseri, 14 police officers were injured.
The pogroms broke out after a rumor spread that a migrant had molested a five-year-old girl in the market.
The crowd that took to the streets set fire to the cars of visitors and broke the windows of Syrian shops.
02 July 2024, 15: 51
Macron accused of trying to prevent elections to the French Parliament
Global Look Press
Read us in: Google News
The failure of the first round of elections to the French parliament of the presidential Renaissance party led to the fact that the head of state Emmanuel Macron initiated an administrative coup.
This statement was made by the leader of the parliamentary faction “National Union ” Marine Le Pen on the air of the radio station France Inter.
She explained that she heard rumors that Macron intends to change the Director General of the national police and the head of the gendarmerie in the near future.
According to Le Pen, Macron set himself the goal of preventing the “National Union ” from gaining a majority of votes, so that the leader of the party, Jordan Bardella, received the post of Prime Minister.
“Macron is doing everything to oppose the democratic process, ” Le Pen said.
The politician added that by dissolving the parliament, the president was guided by personal motives, and today he is trying to do everything to deprive voters of the opportunity to express their position.
“We will not agree to form a government unless we are able to act in full force, ” Le Pen said.
According to her, she has already unraveled the course of Macron, who began to withdraw candidates from the elections from the “Renaissance ”, so that the majority of people voted for the left bloc, which received second place in the first round.
Thus, the “National Union ” will not get a parliamentary majority and it will have to create a coalition.
According to the results of the first round of parliamentary elections in France, the first place was taken by the party “National Union ” Marine Le Pen with a score of 33.15%.
The second place went to the left block, which received 27.99%.
Macron ’ s centrist party came third with a score of 20.76%.
After the vote in Paris and a number of other major cities of the country, large rallies of supporters of left-wing parties took place against the victory of Le Pen ’ s party, which was called “fascist ”.
According to media reports, the protesters brought with them the flags of South Africa and Palestine.
02 July 2024, 15: 46
Putin ’ s diplomatic victory recognized in the United States
RIA "News"
Read us in: Google News
Indian Prime Minister Narenda Modi ’ s visit to Moscow will be a major diplomatic victory for Russian President Vladimir Putin.
This was reported by Bloomberg.
“This will be Modi ’ s first bilateral visit since he was elected to a third term as prime minister.
He broke the tradition by deciding to visit Russia, not neighboring Sri Lanka, Maldives and Bhutan.
The upcoming meeting with Modi in Moscow will be a diplomatic victory for Putin, ” the journalists said.
The authors of the article stressed that Modi ’ s visit attaches special importance to relations between India and Russia.
“India has become one of the largest consumers of crude oil in recent years.
It depends on the supply of Russian military equipment and buys more and more energy, ” they added.
Earlier, the media reported that Modi will visit Moscow on July 8.
The fact of the upcoming visit was confirmed by the assistant to the President of Russia Yuri Ushakov.
News on the topic

What areas of the Americas have been affected by Saharan dust storms?

What areas of the US have been affected by Saharan dust storms?

This report synthesizes data on how Saharan dust storms have historically affected weather and air conditions in the Americas, identifies both negative and positive impacts, highlights affected areas, and suggests appropriate preparations to mitigate contemporary Saharan dust storms.

Title:

Content: Recently, Athens and other parts of Greece were hit by a sandstorm from the Sahara desert, the sky was orange and seemed to be in a different world, as many people watched the spectacle outside, while authorities issued a respiratory risk warning.
According to foreign news reports such as the Guardian and CNN, Greece was hit by a sandstorm in the Sahara Desert between the end of March and the beginning of April this year, affecting even Switzerland and southern France.
Unexpectedly, the Sahara dust storm hit Greece again on the 23rd, and the National Observatory of Athens said: “This is the most severe dust concentration in the Sahara since March 21-22, 2018. ”
Authorities have warned that sand and dust can block sunlight and obstruct visibility, while the concentration of small pollution particles in the air can increase, which may have adverse effects on the human body.
From the picture, the Athens sky is darkened by dust from the Sahara, and the city seems to be covered in a dark orange curtain, but this does not frighten the locals, who are instead strolling outside to enjoy the strange scenery.
Greek meteorologist Kostas Lagouvardos said in a Facebook post that Athens looked like a “colony of Mars. ”
In fact, 60 to 200 million tonnes (60 to 200 m tonnes) of dust is raised in the Sahara every year. While the largest particles fall back to the surface quickly, the smallest particles can travel thousands of kilometres and may even spread across Europe.
Athens turns orange, Helsinki goes white as Europe's weather springs a surprise
Athens swallowed up by orange haze from Sahara dust storm
# Dust Storm # Greece # Athens # Sahara # Observatory

Title:

Content: The Russian Embassy urged Russians living in the United States to prepare for the hurricane
The Russian Embassy in Washington urged Russians living on the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico to be especially careful because of the approaching hurricane “Ida ”, to prepare for a natural disaster and comply with the instructions of the official authorities.
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How does Saharan dust affect immediate weather?

What are the positive effects of Saharan dust on the environment?

cools the Earth's atmosphere
reflects sunlight back into space

What areas of the Americas have been affected by Saharan dust storms?

How does Saharan dust affect immediate weather?

What are the positive effects of Saharan dust on the environment?

cools the Earth's atmosphere
reflects sunlight back into space

What areas of the Americas have been affected by Saharan dust storms?

How does Saharan dust affect immediate weather?

What are the positive effects of Saharan dust on the environment?

cools the Earth's atmosphere
reflects sunlight back into space

What areas of the Americas have been affected by Saharan dust storms?

#### Historical Impact of Saharan Dust Storms in the Americas

**Weather and Air Conditions**
Saharan dust storms, also known as Saharan Air Layer (SAL) events, transport massive amounts of dust across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas.

What areas of the Americas have been affected by Saharan dust storms?

These events typically occur between late spring and early fall, peaking in summer.

Title:

Content: TX Current Conditions

TX Current Conditions as of 01:00 AM CDT Monday, October 18, 2021

_____

City/Town;Weather Condition;Temp (F);Wind Direction;Wind Speed (MPH);Humidity (%)

Abilene;Clear;52;WSW;4;63%

Abilene Dyess;Clear;51;SSE;5;58%

Alice;Clear;59;NE;5;83%

Alpine;Partly cloudy;59;WSW;4;41%

Amarillo;Clear;52;S;11;44%

Angleton;Partly cloudy;57;Calm;0;86%

Arlington;Partly cloudy;55;SE;1;68%

Austin;Mostly cloudy;58;Calm;0;66%

Austin Bergstrom;Intermittent clouds;52;Calm;0;86%

Bay;Mostly cloudy;57;Calm;0;83%

Beaumont;Partly cloudy;58;N;1;70%

Beeville;Clear;55;NE;3;85%

Borger;Mostly clear;57;SSE;10;35%

Bowie;Clear;48;Calm;0;83%

Breckenridge;Clear;53;SE;4;63%

Brenham;Mostly cloudy;54;S;1;89%

Bridgeport;Clear;46;Calm;0;90%

Brownsville;Mostly clear;67;N;3;73%

Brownwood;Clear;49;NW;2;84%

Burnet;Mostly cloudy;51;ESE;1;76%

Canadian;Clear;55;SSE;8;45%

Castroville;Clear;54;ENE;1;76%

Childress;Mostly clear;54;S;8;46%

Cleburne;Mostly cloudy;55;SSE;1;59%

College Station;Partly cloudy;60;Calm;0;65%

Comanche;Mostly clear;50;S;5;74%

Conroe;Mostly cloudy;54;NE;1;90%

Corpus Christi;Partly cloudy;64;NE;7;69%

Corsicana;Mostly cloudy;54;ESE;2;79%

Cotulla;Clear;60;ESE;5;57%

Dalhart;Partly cloudy;53;S;14;30%

Dallas Love;Mostly cloudy;56;Calm;0;66%

Dallas Redbird;Mostly cloudy;58;S;5;49%

Dallas/Ft Worth;Mostly cloudy;58;S;5;55%

Decatur;Clear;57;SSE;5;50%

Del Rio;Clear;65;ESE;8;39%

Del Rio Laughlin AFB;Clear;60;ESE;6;46%

Denton;Clear;51;SE;1;79%

Dryden;Mostly clear;55;NE;3;46%

Dumas;Clear;50;SSE;8;36%

Edinburg;Mostly clear;69;NE;2;82%

El Paso;Mostly cloudy;68;E;3;40%

Ellington;Partly cloudy;59;Calm;0;76%

Falfurrias;Clear;55;NNE;3;86%

Fort Hood;Clear;54;S;2;69%

Fort Worth;Mostly cloudy;56;SSE;1;52%

Fort Worth Alliance;Mostly clear;57;Calm;0;54%

Fort Worth Nas;Mostly cloudy;58;SE;1;60%

Fort Worth Spinks;Partly cloudy;48;Calm;0;91%

Fredericksburg;Clear;50;ENE;2;81%

Gainesville;Clear;51;SSW;1;75%

Galveston;Mostly cloudy;69;Calm;0;44%

Gatesville;Mostly clear;49;NE;2;77%

Georgetown;Mostly clear;53;SSE;1;77%

Giddings;Mostly cloudy;56;ENE;1;92%

Gilmer;Mostly cloudy;52;ENE;1;95%

Graham;Mostly clear;52;SSE;4;64%

Granbury;Clear;51;SE;2;74%

Grand Prairie;Mostly cloudy;57;ESE;2;73%

Greenville;Partly cloudy;51;SE;1;89%

Guadalupe Pass;Mostly cloudy;55;NE;18;44%

Hamilton;Mostly cloudy;50;SSE;2;63%

Harlingen;Clear;63;NNE;6;86%

Hearne;Partly cloudy;54;NNE;1;82%

Hebbronville;Clear;59;NE;2;75%

Henderson;Mostly cloudy;51;ENE;1;82%

Hereford;Clear;53;SSW;6;39%

Hillsboro;Partly cloudy;52;E;3;73%

Hondo;Clear;53;NNE;3;73%

Houston;Mostly cloudy;59;N;1;66%

Houston (Hobby Airport);Mostly cloudy;64;Calm;0;55%

Houston / Dunn Helistop;Mostly cloudy;64;WSW;5;45%

Houston / Southwest Airport;Mostly cloudy;55;Calm;0;95%

Houston Clover;Mostly cloudy;59;Calm;0;77%

Houston Hooks;Mostly cloudy;54;Calm;0;89%

Houston Hull;Mostly clear;58;Calm;0;83%

Houston Intercontinental;Mostly cloudy;57;Calm;0;80%

Huntsville;Clear;55;Calm;0;77%

Ingleside;Mostly clear;63;N;3;74%

Jacksonville;Mostly cloudy;52;NE;1;89%

Jasper;Mostly cloudy;52;N;2;97%

Junction;Clear;56;Calm;0;54%

Kellyusa Airport;Mostly clear;53;Calm;0;79%

Kerrville;Clear;51;SE;2;73%

Killeen;Clear;54;S;2;69%

Killeen/Ft Hood;Clear;51;Calm;0;82%

Kingsville Nas;Clear;62;NE;6;72%

La Grange;Mostly cloudy;55;ENE;1;90%

Lago Vista;Clear;53;SE;1;54%

Lancaster;Partly cloudy;52;ENE;1;77%

Laredo;Mostly clear;64;SE;7;55%

Llano;Mostly cloudy;52;NE;2;71%

Longview;Mostly cloudy;54;ENE;1;81%

Lubbock;Clear;55;SSE;6;40%

Lufkin;Partly cloudy;51;Calm;0;82%

Mcallen;Mostly clear;68;NNE;6;72%

Mcgregor;Mostly clear;54;WSW;6;74%

Mckinney;Partly cloudy;55;Calm;0;86%

Mesquite;Partly cloudy;57;SE;1;65%

Midland;Clear;57;S;7;39%

Midland Airpark;Clear;57;S;7;39%

Midlothian;Partly cloudy;52;Calm;0;80%

Mineola;Mostly cloudy;55;ENE;2;89%

Mineral Wells;Clear;50;SE;8;76%

Mount Pleasant;Clear;52;SSE;1;87%

Nacogdoches;Partly cloudy;49;N;1;86%

New Braunfels;Clear;53;NE;1;79%

Odessa;Clear;57;SSE;6;42%

Orange;Mostly cloudy;58;NNW;1;69%

Palacios;Mostly clear;61;Calm;0;75%

Palestine;Clear;52;NNE;1;90%

Pampa;Clear;55;S;11;42%

Pampa / Mesa Vista;Clear;55;S;10;35%

Paris;Mostly clear;53;WSW;2;75%

Pecos;Clear;60;ESE;8;37%

Perryton;Partly cloudy;52;S;11;44%

Plainview;Clear;50;SSW;6;42%

Pleasanton;Clear;54;NE;1;78%

Port Aransas;Mostly clear;71;NE;4;63%

Port Isabel;Partly cloudy;72;NNE;3;63%

Port Lavaca;Clear;66;ENE;3;59%

Randolph AFB;Clear;53;Calm;0;80%

Robstown;Clear;64;NE;5;74%

Rockport;Mostly clear;68;NNE;3;61%

Rocksprings;Clear;55;SSE;6;48%

San Angelo;Clear;55;S;6;54%

San Antonio;Clear;54;NE;1;74%

San Antonio Stinson;Clear;56;Calm;0;77%

San Marcos;Clear;50;NNE;1;93%

Seminole;Clear;52;SSE;3;45%

Sherman-Denison;Mostly cloudy;55;S;7;62%

Snyder;Clear;54;SSE;6;49%

Sonora;Clear;53;SSE;4;64%

Stephenville;Mostly cloudy;49;Calm;0;77%

Sulphur Springs;Clear;54;WSW;1;78%

Sweetwater;Clear;52;SSE;5;52%

Temple;Clear;53;Calm;0;71%

Terrell;Mostly cloudy;54;Calm;0;82%

Tyler;Mostly cloudy;55;NE;1;81%

Uvalde;Clear;56;E;3;54%

Vernon;Partly cloudy;49;SSE;5;67%

Victoria;Clear;53;NE;2;84%

Waco;Clear;53;Calm;0;73%

Weslaco;Mostly cloudy;63;Calm;0;82%

Wharton;Mostly cloudy;57;ENE;1;76%

Wichita Falls;Mostly clear;49;S;8;73%

Wink;Clear;61;SE;16;34%

Zapata;Clear;67;E;3;67%

_____

Copyright 2021 AccuWeather

The dust can significantly affect air quality, reduce visibility, and alter local weather patterns.

Title:

Content: Dust wave now affecting northern Saudi Arabia and warning of low horizontal visibility
The latest satellite images we have received at the Arab Regional Weather Center (ARTC) show a wave of dust and dust to the north of Saudi Arabia between Al Jawf and the northern border, where horizontal visibility is significantly reduced.
News you might like.
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Sabq Electronic Newspaper
sabq.org

Title:

Content: Tomorrow...
Strong dust waves are transmitted affecting the north and east of the Kingdom
It significantly reduces the visibility of the interior.
Air maps indicate that moderate westerly to northwestern winds, active at intervals on Monday, affect Kuwait with strong dust waves transmitted from Iraq, which significantly reduce the range of horizontal visibility; especially in the interior, and the dust gradually extends towards northern Saudi Arabia.
It is expected that with the direction of the wind, the remnants of dust will arrive towards Qatar, Bahrain and eastern Saudi Arabia gradually during Tuesday, especially with the hours of noon and afternoon, God willing.
According to the “Arab Weather ”; the winds affect most areas of Syria, and are more strong on the eastern regions, specifically Deir ez-Zor, and are accompanied by strong blows touching the barrier of 90 km / h; which will form a strong sandstorm in the east of the Syrian territory in the afternoon and evening today.
In contrast, strong northwestern winds blow over Iraq with the evening and night hours on Sunday, and will move the heavy sandstorm to the northern and western areas of Iraq, specifically northern Anbar and the province of Salah al-Din and Nineveh.
On Monday, according to weather maps, the sandstorm will make its way to the rest of central and southern Iraq, including the capital Baghdad, where the weather is dusty and causes a significant reduction in horizontal visibility that may reach the point of zero.
News you might like.
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How does Saharan dust affect immediate weather?

What are the negative effects of Saharan dust storm on infrastructure?

How does Saharan dust affect immediate weather?

What are the negative effects of Saharan dust storm on infrastructure?

How does Saharan dust affect immediate weather?

What are the negative effects of Saharan dust storm on infrastructure?

- **Air Quality**: The fine particulate matter (PM2.

Title:

Content: 1.
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Air pollution from suspended particles in the atmosphere is called smog.
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How does Saharan dust affect immediate weather?

5 and PM10) in Saharan dust can degrade

Title:

Content: Mike: Mountain North
Subscriber
Font Size:
Last week, the fine sand of the Sahara desert blew into Europe, and I heard that the light emerald green iron chairs in the Luxembourg Park were spread thin and slightly red, which was very surreal.
The Sahara is far away, fluttering in the wind like flour, and crossing the sea through the vast territory of Morocco, and crossing the sea through Spain, and not being close to France, how could it be so painstaking?
Did not rush to enjoy the wonders, go out to see a movie to drink coffee, I really feel full of wind and dust after returning home, like just playing in the invisible beach for half a day, this can not be trusted.
The distance between Paris and Ukraine seems to be about the same as the Sahara, and if the wind comes from the battlefield, the smoke of gunfire must be smelled.
This thought suddenly dusk, when I was a child, I could remember the aftershocks of adults, that ship carrying my grandfather and grandmother's family condensed in the South China Sea, and in the end everything stood still, so far and so close, only the old years and poor history.
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How does Saharan dust affect immediate weather?


# Saharan Dust Storm Impact Report for San Antonio, TX

## Executive Summary

As a city planner in San Antonio, TX, understanding the potential impacts of Saharan dust storms is crucial for protecting public health, infrastructure, and maintaining normal city operations.

This report analyzes historical data on Saharan dust storm impacts across the Americas and provides recommendations for preparation and mitigation strategies.

## Historical Impact of Saharan Dust Storms in the Americas

### Geographic Reach and Frequency

According to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Saharan dust storms have significant long-range effects, with approximately 2,000 million tons of dust entering the atmosphere annually.

These dust storms affect economies, ecosystems, weather, and climate even in regions thousands of kilometers away from their origin.

The WMO's annual report highlights three major incidents in 2022, including an "exceptional dust outbreak" from North Africa over Spain and Portugal that exceeded European Union air quality regulations.

This demonstrates the transcontinental reach

# Saharan Dust Storm Impact Report for San Antonio, TX

## Executive Summary

As a city planner in San Antonio, TX, understanding the potential impacts of Saharan dust storms is crucial for protecting public health, infrastructure, and maintaining normal city operations.

Title:

Content: Effect of house dust on health | The future now | DW | 26.03.2023
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The future is now.
Effect of house dust on health
The spring cleaning season is especially common in cold winter areas where residents are keen to clean their homes well, as house dust contains harmful plastic particles and biocides.

How does Saharan dust affect immediate weather?

What areas of the Americas have been affected by Saharan dust storms?

What areas of the US have been affected by Saharan dust storms?

This report analyzes historical data on Saharan dust storm impacts across the Americas and provides recommendations for preparation and mitigation strategies.

Title:

Content: The amount of dust in the world's air worsened in 2022, according to the United Nations World Meteorological Organization.
The organization called for more research on the relationship between climate change and increasing sandstorm hotspots.
The rise in dust is attributed to increased emissions from areas such as West Central Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, the Iranian Plateau, and northwest China.
WMO President Petteri Taalas stressed that human activities affect sandstorms and dust storms.
Higher temperatures, drought and increased evaporation lead to lower soil moisture, which, together with poor land management, contributes to more frequent sand and dust storms.
The annual WMO report analyses the occurrence and risks of dust storms and highlights their impact on society.
The report revealed that the global average annual dust surface concentrations in 2022 were slightly higher than in 2021.
In 2021, the figure was 13.5 micrograms per cubic meter, while in 2022 it rose to 13.8 micrograms per cubic meter.
The Baudeli region of Chad recorded the highest estimated annual average surface dust concentration, ranging from 900 to 1,200 micrograms per cubic meter.
In the southern hemisphere, central Australia and the west coast of South Africa recorded the highest concentrations, ranging from 200 to 300 micrograms per cubic metre.
Dust storms have far-reaching effects, contributing to the dark sky and damaging air quality.
Nearly 2,000 million tons of dust enter the atmosphere each year, affecting economies, ecosystems, weather and climate, even in areas thousands of kilometers away, the report said.
While natural processes play a role, poor water and land management also contributes significantly.
The bulletin highlighted three major incidents in 2022, including an “exceptional dust outbreak ” from North Africa over Spain and Portugal, which exceeded EU air quality regulations.
Another severe dust storm occurred in the Middle East, resulting in reduced visibility across the region.
In addition, a dust storm on farmland in the eastern United States affected agricultural activities.
Taalas stressed the importance of addressing the effects of sand and dust storms on health, transport and agriculture.
The publication called for more research on the relationship between dust storms and climate change, as this region remains largely unexplored.
The World Meteorological Organization aims to establish early warning systems for weather disasters around the world within four years to mitigate the worsening effects of climate change, including dust storms.

## Historical Impact of Saharan Dust Storms in the Americas

### Geographic Reach and Frequency

According to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Saharan dust storms have significant long-range effects, with approximately 2,000 million tons of dust entering the atmosphere annually.

These dust storms affect economies, ecosystems, weather, and climate even in regions thousands of kilometers away from their origin.

The WMO's annual report highlights three major incidents in 2022, including an "exceptional dust outbreak" from North Africa over Spain and Portugal that exceeded European Union air quality regulations.

How does Saharan dust affect immediate weather?

This demonstrates the transcontinental reach

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