This report addresses: Contemporary Flat Earth Movement

What to know about everyone’s favorite black tea

Earl Grey tea is popular for a reason

Although there are over 1,500 different varieties of tea around the world, few tea drinkers are familiar with even a small fraction of these.

The most popular type of tea is black tea, which makes up about 75% of tea consumption across the world.

My son purchased a used 2020 Kia Soul Model S with 13,600 miles on it from a local Kia dealer in May of this year.

He brought the car back to the dealership and they attached a diagnostic meter to it.

[00:00:30] And we're going to talk about everything you need to know about it, including what it's actually made up, what's going to feel like for you to sleep on, how firm it is, how much it costs, and who might want to pick one up for themselves.

This is kind of nest beddings answer to the all foam bed in a box mattress like you find from Casper or Lisa.

This report addresses: Contemporary Flat Earth Movement

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What is Earl Grey tea? What to know about everyone’s favorite black tea

Earl Grey tea is popular for a reason

Although there are over 1,500 different varieties of tea around the world, few tea drinkers are familiar with even a small fraction of these. Most teas can be categorized into six varieties, such as black tea, green tea, etc. The most popular type of tea is black tea, which makes up about 75% of tea consumption across the world. One delicious and well-known variety of flavored black tea is Earl Grey tea. But what exactly is Earl Grey tea and what makes it so special? In this guide, we’ll break down everything you want to know (and more) about this classic tea variety.

What is Earl Grey tea?

Earl Grey tea is a variety of flavored black tea, flavored from the oil from the rind of a bergamot orange. A bergamot orange is a large, citrus fruit that is yellow (almost appearing more like a lemon than an orange). This variety of orange is far too bitter to be enjoyed as a raw fruit like an orange, however, it makes the perfect notes to add to black tea. While this fruit is not often enjoyed on its own, it is used to create the Earl Grey tea you know and love. For this reason, you may hear Earl Grey referred to as “Bergamont Tea” from time to time. Other hints of citrus fruits, such as grapefruit, may also be added to Earl Grey tea.

Where did Earl Grey tea originate?

When you think of Earl Grey tea, you’re likely to instantly think of British tea time. Earl Grey tea is one of the most commonly enjoyed teas in the UK, yet it did not originate in the UK. In the early 1800s, British Prime Minister Charles Grey coined the name “Earl Grey tea” as the tea gained popularity throughout the country. Though the British are responsible for making Earl Grey tea as popular as it is today, the tea is thought to originate from the Chinese. Chinese tea masters experimented with new ways to add flavor to their tea, including using the bergamot orange. History writes that a Chinese mandarin tea master first blended Earl Grey Tea, gifting it to Charles Grey — who then made it popular.

How Earl Grey tea is made

All Earl Grey tea begins with a base of black tea leaves. Once black tea leaves are dried and oxidized, the leaves are then flavored with a touch of bergamot oil extract, which gives Earl Grey tea its unique flavor. Depending on how you brew your tea or which brand you use, some varieties of Earl Grey tea may be stronger than others.

Variables that can change include the type of black tea used, the type of bergamot used, and the amount of bergamot used. Sometimes, the tea may be flavored by spraying or coating the finishing tea with extracts or flavoring agents, which creates a much stronger flavored Earl Grey tea. You may need to try a few brands of Earl Grey tea to find your favorite! In addition, it is worth noting that some brands of Earl Grey made use an artificial bergamot flavor instead of the fruit itself.

In addition, the caffeine content will vary based on strength, usually ranging from 40 mg to 120 mg of caffeine per cup. Earl Grey tea is also available in decaf varieties for those who cannot tolerate caffeine. Brands commonly seen in grocery stores, such as Twinnings or Bigelow, offer decaf Earl Grey tea bag varieties. Not only does Earl Grey tea taste great, but it also contains amino acids and antioxidants that offer many health benefits. Plus, the smell of freshly brewed Earl Grey tea is delicious!

Earl Grey tea is shelf-stable and should last quite a while in your pantry. However, you’ll want to make sure you store it in a cool, dark place and in an airtight container to help keep it as fresh as possible. Most Earl Grey tea bags will last between six months to a year before they begin to lose potency.

How to enjoy Earl Grey tea

Earl Grey tea is naturally delicious and has floral and citrus notes when enjoyed on its own. However, there are many other ways you can jazz up a cup of Earl Grey tea to your tastebud’s preference. Traditionally, Earl Grey tea is served with a dash of lemon and some sugar for a hint of sweetness. However, you can also add zero-calorie sugar substitutes to add sweetness without adding sugar to your diet. Many people also enjoy their Earl Grey tea with a touch of creaminess from milk or creamer. How you choose to enjoy your cup of Earl Grey tea is up to your taste preferences.

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Emily is a freelance writer with a special focus on health, fitness, lifestyle, food, and nutrition topics. She holds a B.S…
What, exactly, is a flat white? All about the tasty coffee drink
All about the flat white, a delicious coffee drink

Espresso lovers who travel overseas may find a new world of coffee shop menu options not commonly seen in U.S. coffee chains. One drink popular in Australia, the flat white, has made its way to many U.S. coffee shops, including Starbucks. Yet most Americans do not actually know what this drink consists of. The flat white is a delicious, smooth, and velvety espresso drink that you might just be missing out on. Here's what you need to know about the flat white.
What is a flat white?

You can think of a flat white as a hybrid between a standard latte and a cappuccino. A classic latte is made with a shot of espresso, steamed milk, and foam on top. In contrast, a flat white is a smaller drink than a latte and is made with a double shot of espresso with micro-foamed milk on top. On the other hand, a flat white is larger than a cappuccino, which is made with a more equal ratio of espresso, steamed milk, and milk froth.

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Everything you ever wanted to know about Pinot Grigio, the perfect sipping wine
Be careful with this one, it's almost too easy to drink.

If ever there was a perfect sipping wine, Pinot Grigio would have to be it. Bright and crisp, fresh and lively, refreshing and clean, Pinot Grigio is arguably one of the most dangerously easy wines to drink. Also known also as Pinot Gris, depending on where you are in the world, this wine is citrusy and pleasantly acidic with a short finish that won't overpower a dish.

Pinot Grigio's diversity is wonderfully wide. It can become something truly artistic and beautiful or, simply, a blissfully cheerful and pleasant picnic wine. So, if you're looking for a great bottle to pack along on a day trip with a blanket and a wicker basket full of charcuterie, Pinot Grigio is your best bet.
Are Pinot Grigio and Pinot Gris the same wine?

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This fan-favorite kitchen brand just launched a new espresso machine collection
We love these espresso machines from KitchenAid

KitchenAid has been a mainstay in most American kitchens for over a hundred years now. With its time-honored, top-notch appliances that include everything from everyone's favorite stand mixer to ultra-chic and powerful dishwashers, this beloved brand has something for everyone. And while our kitchen countertops are likely already beautifully adorned with a plethora of KitchenAid assistants, it's time to make room for yet another must-have appliance from this illustrious brand.

For those of us who simply cannot begin the day without a perfectly crafted espresso, KitchenAid has gifted us with not just one, but an entire collection of absolutely stunning, fully automatic espresso machines.
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Questions and answers from the ‘Car Doctor’

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Q. My son purchased a used 2020 Kia Soul Model S with 13,600 miles on it from a local Kia dealer in May of this year. After a couple of days, the engine light on the dashboard came on. He brought the car back to the dealership and they attached a diagnostic meter to it. They said there was a problem with the cooling system. They serviced it and said the problem was corrected. A few days later the engine light went on again. We brought it back and they replaced a faulty thermostat. It stayed off until he started out for a trip down south, the light came on again. We looked under the hood, no leaks and the car wasn’t running hot. A neighbor attached a diagnostic meter, and the code came up cooling system. He was able to reset the light and it stayed off till two days ago. What is the problem that causes the engine light to go on and why can’t it be corrected by Kia?

A. Certainly Kia can fix the problem. At this point I would go back to any Kia dealer when the engine light is on and have them check for codes. As the second owner the car is covered by a 60,000 mile 5-year warranty. The limited basic warranty offers bumper-to-bumper coverage for most vehicle components not covered by any powertrain warranty.

Q. I have what I think is a simple question. I got a flat tire, called AAA came to help and put my spare tire on. I think I need to get my tire replaced, do I go to the car dealer, or can I go to a garage and see if they can replace and repair the tire? Or is it mandatory to go to the dealership for it since it’s the original tire?

A. The dealership or a tire store should be able to match the tire exactly with the original tires on the car. Depending on the car and mileage you may need to replace two tires. At this point I would go to what ever is most convenient and quickest to have the flat tire inspected. You may find once the tire is carefully examined it can be repaired to as good as new.

Q. Did I miss something in the news? I have a car registered in Massachusetts and I had my vehicle inspected today. During the inspection the technician removed my clear plate cover and did not place it back on. They noted that in Massachusetts since there are no toll booths any longer, that plate covers are not allowed, due to possible glare from taking photos of the plate. Is this valid? Should I not place the cover back on myself? This was the first time I had the car inspected at the dealer. The local garage last year didn’t remove the clear cover. I am confused.

A. Massachusetts has a law in place that requires vehicle license plate numbers to be legible and unobscured by a glass or plastic cover or another device. A violation is $35 for the first offense, $75 for second offense and $150 for third offense. Generally, a clear plate cover that doesn’t distort the plate and allows for normal reflectivity is allowed. I also checked with the Motorist Assistance Center (the contractor that handles vehicle inspection) that confirmed this. It may just be one inspector’s interpretation of the law.

Q. My 1997 Toyota Camry runs well with 203,000 miles on it. I’ve been extending the life of this vehicle with major repairs lately, and now the power steering rack is leaking. It was suggested to use a sealant rather than an expensive repair. Do you think it will work?

A. If the seals are leaking a product such as Lucas Power Steering Sealer may help or at least slow the leak. These product swell the seals slightly and slow down the leaks. In some cases, the leak can stop completely. Will it last forever, probably not, but it may buy you more time. You also might want to have your shop check around remanufactured steering racks are now in some cases under $200 and it is only two hours labor to replace the steering rack on that model Camry.

Q. I have a creaking noise in my right rear suspension of my 2016 Mazda Miata. I hear it on sudden turns or on the first movement forward from a standstill. Just one low creaking noise per turn or start up. Other than that, the car runs beautifully. The local dealer could not find the noise and said the brake calipers were loose, that didn’t work. Several mechanics have not been able to find anything loose in the suspension. Is it true that coil springs “creep” at the ends as they compress and release? Could this be the mystery creaking?

A. if I was looking for a creaking noise, I would start with looking at anything with a rubber bushing. Also, if the creak isn’t present in the rain, then more likely a rubber bushing. Could a spring insulator be a problem, perhaps but usually it is more consistent. The most common issue with these cars is the hub support bushings wear and rust forms and it makes a noise. Usually with a very close inspection you can see rusty dust at the upper bushings. This is not a cheap repair about two hours labor and the part is nearly $600. I would want to completely confirm the issue before spending almost $1000

Got a car question, email the Car Doctor for a personal reply. jpaul@aaanortheast.com

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Content: Nest Bedding Quail Mattress: Best Foam Mattress?
5:09

Nest Bedding Quail Mattress: Best Foam Mattress?

Sleep
Speaker 1: Nest bedding has some pretty fantastic mattresses including their ultra popular Sparrow hybrid, but is there more affordable Alpha Mattress, the Quail Mattress, worth your time? We're going to talk about that in today's video. Speaker 1: Hey, how's it going? This is Owen. I'm Messina, and we have our solar review of the Quail Mattress from Nest Bedding. This is kind of nest beddings answer to the all foam bed in a box mattress like you find from Casper or Lisa. [00:00:30] And we're going to talk about everything you need to know about it, including what it's actually made up, what's going to feel like for you to sleep on, how firm it is, how much it costs, and who might want to pick one up for themselves. That sounds good, and you find this very helpful. Give a thumbs up and subscribe to the channel and there's going to be a lot more information down below in the description, including any discounts we can find to help bring the price of this mattress down a bit for you. Let's just dive right in by quickly covering the policy info for this bed, and we're just going to throw 'em up on screen here so you can check 'em out. Speaker 1: The big thing to know is that they go above and beyond the usual online mattress trial period with an entire year, and this also comes with a lifetime warranty, which is pretty fantastic. [00:01:00] More information about these policies down below in the description, including some detail on how to actually return a mattress because that might not go exactly how you think it does, but let's get into the more interesting stuff now, what this mattress is actually made of and when it's going to feel like for you to sleep on. So like I mentioned, this is kind of nest beddings answer to the more classic all foam bed in a box, which means its base support layer is dense support foam instead of coils. If you want a hybrid bed, there are plenty of options from nest bedding, but this one's opting to keep it more affordable and simple. Speaker 1: [00:01:30] We generally recommend if you're a heavier person somewhere around 220 pounds or more to opt for a coil mattress for the added long-term support and durability. But if you are more medium to petite size, you should probably have no issues on the Quail Mattress. This is a three layer mattress, so you have that dense support foam like I mentioned. Then you have a pretty thick layer of transition foam. This is super common in most mattresses with this sort of all foam design. It's really there to help make sure you don't really feel the dent support foam underneath you, just the support from it because if you're laying right on top of that den support [00:02:00] foam, it doesn't feel all that good. Then the top comfort layer of the Quail Mattress is what they call interjects foam. This stuff is kind of a blend of a memory foam and a more responsive foam. Speaker 1: So you get some pressure relief from it, but it doesn't really conform to your body that much. You don't really sink into it, and I think it gives the Quail mattress more of a soft neutral feel overall that I think will be plenty accommodating. I can't imagine a lot of people will trout the Quail mattress and find it to be strictly uncomfortable. Might not be exactly what you're looking for, although there is something that it does kind of differently than a lot [00:02:30] of its other competitors in that it doesn't use any memory foam at all. If we look at the Castor Mattress or the Lisa Mattress, that transition layer is strictly a memory foam to add some press relief to the mattress, but this one doesn't have any memory foam at all. So that's just one kind of unique thing in terms of its construction that you don't find in this bed in comparison to some other beds like it. Speaker 1: And speaking of unique, another thing that you can get on the Quail Mattress that you don't really get with other beds in its class is the ability to pick and choose your firmness level. The vast majority [00:03:00] of the more baseline all foam bed in a box, mattresses only come in one firmness option. They all kind of hover around a medium. With the Quail mattress, you do have the medium option, which we did test and found to be around a flat medium. So it's generally pretty accommodating for all sleeper types back some excited and combination. Although with this mattress you do have a firm option, which again is pretty atypical and on the firm option, we found that to be around a medium firm, maybe a hair firmer than that. So it's going to be a really great option for more strict back and stomach sleepers who want a lot less give [00:03:30] in their mattress. Speaker 1: And the construction of the firm version is going to be a little bit different. Instead of having a transition layer, you actually just have a thicker layer of support foam and a slightly thinner layer of interjects foam. It's still going to have that neutral foam feel that we talked about earlier, but it's just going to feel quite a bit firmer. So that's just kind of another unique aspect to the Quail Mattress. And then let's start talking about the pricing of the Quail Mattress. And once you factor in discounts, which should be linked down below in the description, you're looking at about $1,100 for a queen size quail, which again puts [00:04:00] it in a very similar pricing bracket to those beds that I mentioned earlier. If you are looking for kind of your more baseline all foam bed in a box, I would expect you should pay somewhere between 800 and 1200 bucks. Speaker 1: And so this is right in that price range. Pricing does change from time to time. Their discount structures might change as well. So it makes you look down below in the description for up-to-date pricing and discounts on the Quail Mattress. However, I think it'll probably pretty much always remain in that same sort of price range I just described. And that leaves us with the question, who should consider picking up the Quail mattress for themselves? [00:04:30] And I think for anyone looking for your more baseline all foam bed in a box mattress, this is a solid option. It has some unique characteristics like being able to pick and choose your firmness level, and it's backed by very generous policies. Me personally, I find the Lisa Mattress and the Capper Mattress, maybe a couple others to be just a little bit more comfortable, but it's all very subjective and I think if you pick up the quail, you'll probably enjoy it and you do have the option to get it in a firmer version. So let's have what you think about the Quail Write AEM in the comment section and there'll be lots of info in the description [00:05:00] to help you with your online mattress search, including those discounts I mentioned. If you found this video helpful, interesting, give it a thumbs up and subscribe to the channel. But this is going to do it for me. This is Onus Seen at Home. See you the next one.

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This report addresses: Live Action Disney Remakes

One of the best parts of drafting is that the excitement and discovery of opening booster packs becomes part of the game itself, with the dilemma of picking the best Lorcana cards for your own deck weighed up against denying your rivals the cards you think they might need based on what gets snapped up.

How to draft Disney Lorcana

Learning how to play draft in Lorcana will come as second nature if you’ve played a draft format in other trading card games such as Magic: The Gathering.

All ballots must be returned by mail or delivered in person to the Hubbard County Auditor’s Office by no later than 8 p.m.

4 county commissioner

All ballots must be returned by mail or delivered in person to the Hubbard County Auditor’s Office by no later than 8 p.m.

Or, as I have written before, “Being the oldest child, you get all of the responsibility of being a co-parent but none of the recognition.”

RELATED: 10 Reasons Your Daughter Is The Greatest Gift You'll Ever Receive

Women’s History Month and the widespread discussions about labor inequality within households have bolstered discussions of eldest daughter syndrome.

For the past few weeks and months, in the popular press and social media platforms, we have seen eldest daughters speak out about their significant role in keeping things together for those around them.

This report addresses: Live Action Disney Remakes

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Disney Lorcana draft rules: How to draft Lorcana

Crack a pack and jump in with our guide to Lorcana’s Booster Draft format.

Disney Lorcana, the House of Mouse’s brand new card game, can be played in a number of ways. One of the most exciting and popular TCG formats is Booster Draft, which combines the discovery of pulling cards from booster packs with the strategy and fun of crafting a deck before you do battle against your opponents. It’s easy to get started, so read on to wise up on the Lorcana draft rules you need to know.

How to draft Disney Lorcana

Learning how to play draft in Lorcana will come as second nature if you’ve played a draft format in other trading card games such as Magic: The Gathering. Like those TCGs, the format is all about building your deck with the cards you pull from a series of booster packs, picking carefully to make your own deck as strong as it can be without handing too many powerful cards to your opponents. It’s a very social way to play that supports bigger groups of players, and is often one of the most popular formats when playing at local game stores as a result.

One of the best parts of drafting is that the excitement and discovery of opening booster packs becomes part of the game itself, with the dilemma of picking the best Lorcana cards for your own deck weighed up against denying your rivals the cards you think they might need based on what gets snapped up.

While knowing how to play Lorcana will help when building your draft deck, you don’t need to be an expert player to give it a go - sometimes just throwing some cards together can be a fun way to see what the game can do and discover new combinations and possibilities. If you’re new and feel intimidated by not knowing the most powerful cards, just go with your gut and pick the cards or abilities that appeal to you - even if that’s just choosing your favourite Disney characters.

Working out how to build a Lorcana deck can also be easier when playing Booster Draft, as there aren’t the same restrictions or expectations as carefully refining your custom deck for constructed games. Sometimes, you might not even have a choice - you can just end up with whatever’s left at the end of a round of drafting!

Whether you’re a drafting pro or brand new to the format, learning how to draft Lorcana can open your eyes to a new way to enjoy the Disney card game. Below we’ll run through everything you need to know about drafting Lorcana, from the essential Lorcana draft rules to making your deck and what you’ll need to get started.

Can Lorcana be drafted?

Yes, Disney Lorcana is draftable. This means that the card game supports a Booster Draft format, similar to Magic: The Gathering’s Draft format.

In fact, if you’re familiar with how to draft in MTG, learning how to draft in Lorcana will be very easy, as many of the rules are shared or similar.

What is Booster Draft for Lorcana?

In any Booster Draft format, whether it’s for Disney Lorcana or Magic: The Gathering, players build their decks as part of each game by opening a set of booster packs (giving the format its name!)

This is the format’s biggest difference from other ‘constructed’ formats where players are able to build their deck ahead of time. Between the two formats is another format known as Sealed Deck, where each player opens a number of booster packs (at least six per person) to build their deck of 40 cards, but don’t have to draft cards against their opponents.

Like other TCGs, one of the biggest appeals of the Booster Draft format in Lorcana is its affordability: you only need to buy four boosters (costing around £20/$24) to play, and you’ll usually be able to take the cards home with you if you’re playing at a local store.

Another benefit of this is that no-one’s deck can have an advantage simply by paying more for the most expensive or rarest Lorcana cards - everyone starts on the same footing, having to build their deck from whatever they pull from the booster packs.

How many boosters do I need to play Lorcana draft?

When playing Disney Lorcana in its Draft format, each player needs at least four booster packs. That’s four boosters each - so if there are six players, you’ll need 24 packs in total. (Which just so happens to be the number you get in a standard Lorcana booster box.)

Disney Lorcana draft rules

In Lorcana’s Booster Draft format, players each open a booster pack before choosing a card from their pack’s cards. Once they have chosen a card, they pass the remaining cards to their neighbouring player before repeating with the cards they are handed by their own neighbour: choose a card and pass the rest on.

Once the current cards have all been drafted, players repeat the process by opening another booster pack each, drafting cards one at a time and passing the rest to their neighbour.

With each new booster pack, alternate which direction you pass your cards for that round of drafting: first to the player to your left so the cards travel clockwise, then the player to your right so they go anti-clockwise, and so on.

Repeat this process, alternating the direction with each pack you open, until you have drafted all of the cards from every pack. You should end up with 48 cards in total.

How to build a draft deck in Lorcana

In Lorcana’s Booster Draft format, each player will build a 40-card deck. This is a change from the standard 60-card deck when you build a Lorcana deck for use in its Core Constructed format.

As you should end up with 48 cards from the cards you draft - as each booster includes 12 cards - you will essentially be looking to decide which eight cards you want to discard and not include in your deck.

In another major change from Lorcana’s standard deck-building rules for its Core Constructed format, which limits your deck to a maximum of two different ink colours, you can include cards of all six inks in your deck when playing Lorcana’s Booster Draft format.

One final change from the standard Lorcana deck-building rules is that you can include more than four copies of a card with the same name. This includes both the name of the character - for example, Captain Hook - and their title, which is printed underneath, such as Forceful Duelist.

Buy Disney Lorcana products on Zatu, Magic Madhouse and Best Buy.

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About the Author

Matt Jarvis

Editor-in-chief

After starting his career writing about music, films and video games for various places, Matt spent many years as a technology, PC and video game journalist before writing about tabletop games as the editor of Tabletop Gaming magazine. He joined Dicebreaker as editor-in-chief in 2019, and has been trying to convince the rest of the team to play Diplomacy since.

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Get to know your choices for Dist. 4 county commissioner

All ballots must be returned by mail or delivered in person to the Hubbard County Auditor’s Office by no later than 8 p.m. on Election Day – Tuesday, Aug. 8. – in order to be counted.

The special election of a new Hubbard County commissioner is underway.

Steven J. Keranen of Nevis and Lyle Howg of Laporte are the two candidates for District 4.

All ballots must be returned by mail or delivered in person to the Hubbard County Auditor’s Office by no later than 8 p.m. on Election Day, Tuesday, Aug. 8, in order to be counted.

There are nine townships – Akeley, Clay, Guthrie, Hart Lake, Hendrickson, Lakeport, Mantrap, Steamboat River and Thorpe – and two cities – Akeley and Laporte – in District 4.

All precincts opted for mail-in voting.

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Keranen was born in Park Rapids, growing up on a family farm in Becker County. He’s a Menahga High School graduate. He enlisted in the U.S. Army directly after high school, serving in the military intelligence battalion in the 82nd Airborne Division. From 2005 to 2009, he served in the Minnesota Army National Guard. He earned a Bachelor of Science in geography in the field of park, recreation and land use planning from Bemidji State University. He’s lived in Hubbard County for more than 30 years, raising two children. He served on the Akeley City Council for a short time. He’s served on the Mantrap Township Board for the last 20 years in several capacities, including planning commission member, election judge and township supervisor. He’s been employed full-time with the Cass County Highway Department for about 20 years, currently as a senior engineering technician.

Howg owns the Sinclair gas station in Laporte. He is currently serving in the Army National Guard and has been for 23 years. He and his wife have three kids. For 16 years, he’s been a volunteer for the Lakeport Fire Department.

Q. What are your top priorities, if elected?

Keranen: Top three things I’d like to focus on, or at least learn more about:

  1. Support our local law enforcement and legal system to promote safety and hold people accountable for their actions.
  2. Having a successful Heritage Living Community entity, whether that be county owned or otherwise. Heritage was founded on the concept of a community caring for its community members and I’d like to keep it that way.
  3. I have an interest in the development of the Deep Lake Park Recreation Area project, not only to share the beautiful natural resources it holds, but to ensure that it is developed in a common sense and financially stable manner, and in the end is a self-sustaining operation.

Howg: To make sure the northern people of Hubbard County have a voice. I work, live and volunteer in the northern part of Hubbard County, and I want to see it be maintained and grow just as much as the southern part.

Q. What do you think of the county’s recent capital improvement plan?

Howg: It would be very nice if the grant that they applied for would come through, but even if it doesn't, it will need improvement and it will benefit many organizations across Hubbard County. The jail has been overwhelmed for a long time, the best thing Hubbard County can do is give some of the contracts of the remodel to Hubbard County tax-paying businesses, then it gets spent within our own tax base.

Keranen: From what I have read and heard of it, the items have been deemed to be necessary; however, I do not have all of the information to be able to make an informed decision. I don’t mean to take an easy way out, but the items in question have been worked on and discussed way beyond my time and it would not be fair to say I support or oppose them at this point at this time.

Naturally, there are certain parts of the plan that I do understand the need for, but do not fully understand the entire circumstance surrounding each issue.

As a commissioner, I would ensure that I have a full understanding and knowledge base before supporting or opposing any decision made.

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I would, however, want to explore heavily the consideration of growth in each decision made. Many facets of the improvement plan are addressing physical structures that are not all that old. It’s too late to question the breakdown in forethought in past decisions, but certainly should be addressed in future decisions.

Q. The lack of affordable housing and a shortage of child care providers make it difficult for businesses to recruit and retain workers in Hubbard County. Which solutions appeal to you?

Keranen: Promoting support for working families is extremely important and the key to a successful family and a successful community.

Obtaining and sustaining quality child care is important, not only for the children and their family, but also for the providers caring for them, who also need to have a sustainable income.

It appears that the concern is on the radar at the state level. From a county perspective, advocating for rural areas, such as ours, with the state representatives is important as well as ensuring that our county is appropriately represented in any funding available for such programs.

As I understand there have been, and continues to be, low-income housing units constructed in Hubbard County. It appears from recent meetings and newspaper articles that there is a concern for proper management of the housing projects. Stabilizing that is first and foremost the ultimate need. After that, continuing to ensure our workforce and disabled persons have a safe and affordable place to live is essential.

Howg: The lack of workers is a very big issue everywhere up north. Each town and community have this issue, but each in a different way. Some lack child care, like Park Rapids, but in the northern part of Hubbard it's a lack of people or population that is willing to do the jobs asked.

Q. Minnesota is looking to address PFAS (“forever chemicals”) in county landfills and elsewhere. How should the county respond?

Howg: If the state is addressing it, then we will have to follow some of their guidelines, so the board of commissioners will need to follow the state's guidelines and see if they are going in the right direction for Hubbard County or not.

Keranen: From the meetings I have attended, either in person, remotely or viewed after the fact, I feel the county has a good handle on how it handles solid waste. We have a strong recycling program that makes recycling as easy as it can be for the public. Continuing to encourage recycling is top priority in solid waste.

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Our county has a staff member represented on a regional group to address these concerns. At present, we are sending our solid waste, for the most part, to an incinerator, which meets MPCA and EPA regulations. This decision, with the information we have on all options, appears to be in the best interest of the county.

Q. What is your understanding of the challenges facing the county-owned nursing home and what are possible solutions?

Keranen: Providing quality care close to home for our medically and cognitively fragile community is very important. While we all hope to live independently for the rest of our lives, unfortunately that is not realistic. Whether the county continues to own or sells the Heritage Campus, I feel it’s important to support its success. When it comes to public-funded services, the state sets the rates for all of these services, thus advocating for adequate reimbursement is vital. Recent legislative changes have opened the door for additional funding for both public waiver services and struggling nursing homes, both of which are included in the Heritage Campus. Assuring that we are capitalizing on these funding opportunities is key.

Howg: I don't have a lot of knowledge on the nursing home issues, but what I do know is that the financing in not self-sustaining and the options are not in Hubbard County's favor, so I would look at all the options that have been discussed and see if we need to take a loss on the sale to save taxpayers from paying for the yearly loss.

Q. As a county commissioner, what measures would you reinforce or support to ensure voter confidence in our elections?

Howg: The only way to ensure voter confidence is to have a picture ID at the time of voting; however, I know that with the current mail-in ballots we have that's not possible so we need to continue to be honest and show the voters that we are not hiding anything.

Keranen: We must comply with the election laws that the state put forth. That said, there are multiple ways to vote over a long period of time, I don’t see much of a barrier in the system we currently have. I do feel that there could be different ways to ensure secure voting. Limit the use of mail-in ballots, as well as requiring ID, are just two ways I feel could ensure that each voter is actually the person exercising their right to vote, rather than running the risk of fraudulent voting activity.

Q. The Hubbard County Jail is operating at capacity and the bulk of the arrests are drug related. The sheriff’s office budget was $1 million over budget in 2022. What can the county do to keep these costs down?

Keranen: As noted, the bulk of the arrests are drug related, so the question is “how do we prevent the illegal activity from occurring in the first place or reoccurring?” Any answer is easier said than done, of course.

As I already noted, law and order is very important. Providing a safe community is of top concern. If an offense is occurring, I strongly feel that the individual(s) need to be stopped and held accountable. Reducing illegal activity and reoffending is a large part of that. Promoting the development of programs to help reduce repeat offenders intrigues me. What that all entails, I really don’t know and it would need to be a multi department effort to address.

Equally as important, promoting education and programs to reduce the likelihood of young persons heading down a path of drugs and illegal behavior is central to address as well.

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This reflects back to providing an opportunity for our citizens to have safe and affordable housing, to be able to work and support themselves and their families, providing a safe and supportive environment for children to grow in.

Howg: I would have to do extensive research to see the whole picture for the budget portion of the jail. As far as the drug-related portion, we can try and work with all other counties and see if we can pull a grant or state assistance for something that works for the future problem.

Shannon Geisen is editor of the Park Rapids Enterprise.
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Content: The Immense Impact Of Eldest Daughter Feminism

There's no shortage of eldest daughter stories in popular culture.

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The eldest daughters are having a moment. For the past few weeks and months, in the popular press and social media platforms, we have seen eldest daughters speak out about their significant role in keeping things together for those around them.

After reading and watching this, I was particularly drawn to the stories of numerous women and girls who boldly stand up for themselves and set boundaries with people. As the eldest daughter myself, it’s about time.

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Despite the attempts to define this “eldest daughter syndrome,” all eldest daughters are not the same. In my research and writing, I have noticed distinct variations or manifestations of “eldest daughter syndrome,” with some daughters exhibiting codependency and people-pleasing tendencies while others display hyper-independence and rigidity.

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However, in both cases, the eldest daughter is often the child who takes on a parental role, providing support without receiving it. Or, as I have written before, “Being the oldest child, you get all of the responsibility of being a co-parent but none of the recognition.”

RELATED: 10 Reasons Your Daughter Is The Greatest Gift You'll Ever Receive

Women’s History Month and the widespread discussions about labor inequality within households have bolstered discussions of eldest daughter syndrome. Consequently, I've found that familial dynamics and values play a big role in how the eldest daughter syndrome develops throughout life.

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While some daughters are raised traditionally and are expected to help around the house, others are considered “Daddy’s girls” and are greatly influenced by their relationship with their fathers. This leads me to believe that a daughter’s upbringing is heavily influenced by the parent who impacts her most. Therefore, I have been exploring the concept of “daughtering” and how the experience of being a daughter can differ depending on family circumstances.

“If we had a daughter, I’d watch and could not save her / The emotional torture, from the head of your high table” — Paris Paloma, LABOUR.

@bboverlays 𝙡𝙖𝙗𝙤𝙪𝙧 𝙤𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙡𝙖𝙮 | requested by @fandompuppy86 | #bboverlays #textoverlay #parispaloma #foryoupage #labour #overlaylyrics ♬ original sound - free overlays

I was inspired to explore the topic even further after receiving an email introducing a new workshop by Black Feminist scholar and writer Alexis Pauline Gumbs. The seminar “Daughter Rhymes With” is focused on the radical potential of “daughtering,” which made me think deeply about how the concept of eldest daughter syndrome can be applied to understand gender and relationship dynamics.

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The Disney-ification of eldest siblings, or the difference between firstborn sons and daughters

Although “eldest daughter syndrome” may seem new, we have seen stereotypical depictions of eldest daughters in media for decades.  When I started researching representations of eldest daughters, I was immediately reminded of several Disney films, such as the 1950 version of Cinderella, the 1998 film Mulan, and the more recent film Encanto (2021). In these films and the folktales they are often based on, we see different depictions of eldest daughters burdened with caring for their households at their own expense.

In the story of Cinderella, the main character is the oldest daughter who has lost her father and is forced to live with her stepmother and step-sisters. However, instead of living a comfortable life like her sisters, Cinderella is made to do all the household chores for their benefit.

Mulan’s story is even more heartbreaking, as she takes on the responsibility of going to war in place of her elderly father because there are no sons in her family. And we can’t forget Luisa’s character in Encanto, who sings the powerful anthem “Surface Pressure” about the immense pressure she feels as the eldest daughter in the family.

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RELATED: How Birth Order Bizarrely Affects Your Kids' Personalities

In 2002, Disney released Lilo & Stitch, a movie that focuses on the story of two orphaned siblings. The elder sister, Nani, faces the constant threat of losing her younger sister if she fails to take up the responsibility of raising her.

Hence, the depiction of eldest daughters in this and other animated films is noteworthy because it is uncommon to see such realism in animation. Rather than portraying a positive storyline, the narratives often carry a sad undertone consistent across all eldest daughter stories. Even when the ending is meant to be hopeful, a sense of suffering and hardship remains difficult to ignore.

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In contrast, Disney often portrays the first son as Prince Charmings, whose family responsibilities are weighty but not depicted as a burden. Yet, eldest daughters are often burdened with familial responsibilities that go unrecognized or are simply expected due to gender norms. Men are supported and applauded for their work as sons, husbands, or fathers, while daughters, who often become wives and mothers, are trained to accept that feminine or domestic labor is their birthright. This is the difference between eldest daughter syndrome and the usual responsibility that comes with being the first child in the family.

Consequently, eldest daughter syndrome is a condition that affects many eldest daughters. It is characterized by feelings of grief, sadness, anger, and stress, often caused by the responsibilities and expectations placed upon them as the eldest sibling. Eldest daughters are expected to give both within the household and outside of it, leading to a Type A personality that values achievement and perfectionism. This desire for success can be driven by a need to prove themselves and a passion for everything that feminism has taught girls they can have.

Rage Against The Machine: On girl-dads, girl-boss feminism, and healing from patriarchy

This point about perfectionism and achievement has made me think quite a bit about the role of feminism and fatherhood in constructing the eldest-daughter syndrome. Despite not believing in a binary, I have noticed that the media often portrays two types of daughters: those who want to find a partner like their father and those who aspire to be the father. This reflects the pervasive influence of patriarchal values on our society.

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On the one hand, some women, such as TradWives, who are active on social media, embrace these values and strive to uphold them. On the other hand, some women seek to challenge and dismantle patriarchal systems and are determined to shatter the glass ceiling.

In this era of gender equality, little girls are encouraged to pursue their dreams and aspirations, and many eldest daughters are taught to be skilled second parents and independent providers. Although I was often told that marriage and kids should be in my plans, I was constantly encouraged to take advantage of education, travel, and financial opportunities. However, many eldest daughters feel compelled to achieve because of the relationships they see around them.

Growing up in households with strong father figures or facing patriarchal oppression, we often view achievement as a means of ensuring that we do not have to deal with the same issues as previous generations.

RELATED: How A Dad Goes From 'Best Friend' To Estranged Parent With Just Five Words

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This often means that eldest daughters align themselves with patriarchal values that prize work over family in an attempt to avoid the realities of gendered oppression. However, I was reminded of a famous quote:

“Often father and daughter look down on mother (woman) together. They exchange meaningful glances when she misses a point. They agree that she is not as bright as they are, and cannot reason as they do. This collusion does not save the daughter from the mother’s fate.” ― Bonnie Burstow, Radical Feminist Therapy: Working in the Context of Violence

Eldest daughters often work harder than others to achieve success, but they still face sexism and inequality in their careers and relationships. This can lead to feelings of anger and a desire to upend the patriarchal system that oppresses them.

For me, my issues with anger and drive to succeed are typical of the eldest daughter syndrome and reflect my relationship with my father and my role as a daughter.

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Daughter Lessons: Deconstructing Faith(e), fatherhood, and fear of failure

Growing up in a very modern blended family, I had many mothers and fathers, but I always enjoyed spending time with my dad. This was mainly because we had similar temperaments, which vacillated between spending time locked away working on projects and socializing with the community.

From my child’s eyes, my father could fix anything and spend hours researching and teaching about his mechanical and musical interests. As the first daughter (and his only child for most of my childhood), I was his little sidekick and listening ear.

As a funny guy who wrote rhymes in his free time, my father’s words held a lot of weight. But, he often communicated through ridicule and judgment. Even when you were not under his critical eye, there was always a commentary about someone else, from how the waitress set the table to how a stranger walked down the street.

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Consequently, my siblings and I were held to high standards and had no room for failure. Whether the failure was as small as spilling your juice at breakfast or as big as getting in trouble at school, he always watched and waited to express cruelty and control through his communication.

“You’re a spineless, pale, pathetic lot / And you haven’t got a clue / Somehow I’ll make a man out of you” — “I’ll Make a Man Out Of You” Disney’s Mulan

As a teetotaler, my father would imbibe anger like some men consumed whiskey or cigars. And no one was allowed to hide when he was on the rampage. But more than anything, you were not allowed to cry or crumble because either would only worsen the vitriol. Instead, you would be forced to wait until he was done before being dismissed.

Consequently, the rule of the house was “Don’t Tell Dad”. Unless you had done something great or promising that he would be proud of, you must keep it hidden to avoid triggering a tirade. This meant that there was no fear worse than failure and not one achievement that could sustain his praise.

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But he wasn’t always like that. My father was the best when you had something good to tell him. As the popular PTA dad, he loved bragging about his children. Even as an adult, my father kept a drawer full of my childhood artwork because I was always “good at that type of thing.” As I spent less time at home, every time I came back, every stranger I met could tell me all the good things I had done because my father had already told them. Although my family barely spoke to each other, we could always speak the language of accomplishments.

In this sense, while my father knew all of my accomplishments, he knew nothing about me. Over time, I realized that by constantly bringing up my achievements, everything good about me was attributed to him because he had to be a great father if he had such a wonderful daughter. But, when you are pedestaled as perfect, there is no room to express pain. And so the resentment built.

Subconsciously, I began to construct a version of myself that wasn’t so accomplished. Over time, I learned to keep my personality’s more rebellious and activist-oriented aspects hidden from my father until things came to a head.

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Growing up, I often heard the phrase, “Daughters marry their fathers,” so I was set on doing everything I could to avoid facing that fate. While I found many ways to avoid men like my father, I could not avoid the same level of anger and rage that simmered and exploded inside of him.

As I got older, I was tired of not talking about my feelings to my family, so I exploded and expressed my pent-up eldest daughter’s rage. It wasn’t pretty, and I quickly went from Luisa Madrigal to Bruno.

As the eldest daughter, I realize I have a high tolerance for hardship and pain. While this can be a great thing in endurance training or long-term goals, it often takes me a long time to realize when I feel hurt or when someone is hurting me (even if that someone is myself).

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However, I have learned over the years that holding in anger and resentment only hurts you in the end, and there is great healing that can come from letting go of the past. Even more, I have learned that there are many ways to transmute that anger into more productive endeavors, and I think that many eldest daughters are drawn to feminism for this reason.

RELATED: 7 Critical Lessons Parents Should Teach Their Daughters About Healthy Relationships

Faithe J. Day, PhD is a writer, creator, and educator whose research has been published in various journals and digital publications such as Transformative Works and Culture, Cosmopolitan, and ZORA.


This report addresses: Live Action Disney Remakes

One of the best parts of drafting is that the excitement and discovery of opening booster packs becomes part of the game itself, with the dilemma of picking the best Lorcana cards for your own deck weighed up against denying your rivals the cards you think they might need based on what gets snapped up.

How to draft Disney Lorcana

Learning how to play draft in Lorcana will come as second nature if you’ve played a draft format in other trading card games such as Magic: The Gathering.

All ballots must be returned by mail or delivered in person to the Hubbard County Auditor’s Office by no later than 8 p.m.

4 county commissioner

All ballots must be returned by mail or delivered in person to the Hubbard County Auditor’s Office by no later than 8 p.m.

Or, as I have written before, “Being the oldest child, you get all of the responsibility of being a co-parent but none of the recognition.”

RELATED: 10 Reasons Your Daughter Is The Greatest Gift You'll Ever Receive

Women’s History Month and the widespread discussions about labor inequality within households have bolstered discussions of eldest daughter syndrome.

For the past few weeks and months, in the popular press and social media platforms, we have seen eldest daughters speak out about their significant role in keeping things together for those around them.

This report addresses: Live Action Disney Remakes

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Content: If you click on a link and make a purchase we may receive a small commission. Read our editorial policy.

Disney Lorcana draft rules: How to draft Lorcana

Crack a pack and jump in with our guide to Lorcana’s Booster Draft format.

Disney Lorcana, the House of Mouse’s brand new card game, can be played in a number of ways. One of the most exciting and popular TCG formats is Booster Draft, which combines the discovery of pulling cards from booster packs with the strategy and fun of crafting a deck before you do battle against your opponents. It’s easy to get started, so read on to wise up on the Lorcana draft rules you need to know.

How to draft Disney Lorcana

Learning how to play draft in Lorcana will come as second nature if you’ve played a draft format in other trading card games such as Magic: The Gathering. Like those TCGs, the format is all about building your deck with the cards you pull from a series of booster packs, picking carefully to make your own deck as strong as it can be without handing too many powerful cards to your opponents. It’s a very social way to play that supports bigger groups of players, and is often one of the most popular formats when playing at local game stores as a result.

One of the best parts of drafting is that the excitement and discovery of opening booster packs becomes part of the game itself, with the dilemma of picking the best Lorcana cards for your own deck weighed up against denying your rivals the cards you think they might need based on what gets snapped up.

While knowing how to play Lorcana will help when building your draft deck, you don’t need to be an expert player to give it a go - sometimes just throwing some cards together can be a fun way to see what the game can do and discover new combinations and possibilities. If you’re new and feel intimidated by not knowing the most powerful cards, just go with your gut and pick the cards or abilities that appeal to you - even if that’s just choosing your favourite Disney characters.

Working out how to build a Lorcana deck can also be easier when playing Booster Draft, as there aren’t the same restrictions or expectations as carefully refining your custom deck for constructed games. Sometimes, you might not even have a choice - you can just end up with whatever’s left at the end of a round of drafting!

Whether you’re a drafting pro or brand new to the format, learning how to draft Lorcana can open your eyes to a new way to enjoy the Disney card game. Below we’ll run through everything you need to know about drafting Lorcana, from the essential Lorcana draft rules to making your deck and what you’ll need to get started.

Can Lorcana be drafted?

Yes, Disney Lorcana is draftable. This means that the card game supports a Booster Draft format, similar to Magic: The Gathering’s Draft format.

In fact, if you’re familiar with how to draft in MTG, learning how to draft in Lorcana will be very easy, as many of the rules are shared or similar.

What is Booster Draft for Lorcana?

In any Booster Draft format, whether it’s for Disney Lorcana or Magic: The Gathering, players build their decks as part of each game by opening a set of booster packs (giving the format its name!)

This is the format’s biggest difference from other ‘constructed’ formats where players are able to build their deck ahead of time. Between the two formats is another format known as Sealed Deck, where each player opens a number of booster packs (at least six per person) to build their deck of 40 cards, but don’t have to draft cards against their opponents.

Like other TCGs, one of the biggest appeals of the Booster Draft format in Lorcana is its affordability: you only need to buy four boosters (costing around £20/$24) to play, and you’ll usually be able to take the cards home with you if you’re playing at a local store.

Another benefit of this is that no-one’s deck can have an advantage simply by paying more for the most expensive or rarest Lorcana cards - everyone starts on the same footing, having to build their deck from whatever they pull from the booster packs.

How many boosters do I need to play Lorcana draft?

When playing Disney Lorcana in its Draft format, each player needs at least four booster packs. That’s four boosters each - so if there are six players, you’ll need 24 packs in total. (Which just so happens to be the number you get in a standard Lorcana booster box.)

Disney Lorcana draft rules

In Lorcana’s Booster Draft format, players each open a booster pack before choosing a card from their pack’s cards. Once they have chosen a card, they pass the remaining cards to their neighbouring player before repeating with the cards they are handed by their own neighbour: choose a card and pass the rest on.

Once the current cards have all been drafted, players repeat the process by opening another booster pack each, drafting cards one at a time and passing the rest to their neighbour.

With each new booster pack, alternate which direction you pass your cards for that round of drafting: first to the player to your left so the cards travel clockwise, then the player to your right so they go anti-clockwise, and so on.

Repeat this process, alternating the direction with each pack you open, until you have drafted all of the cards from every pack. You should end up with 48 cards in total.

How to build a draft deck in Lorcana

In Lorcana’s Booster Draft format, each player will build a 40-card deck. This is a change from the standard 60-card deck when you build a Lorcana deck for use in its Core Constructed format.

As you should end up with 48 cards from the cards you draft - as each booster includes 12 cards - you will essentially be looking to decide which eight cards you want to discard and not include in your deck.

In another major change from Lorcana’s standard deck-building rules for its Core Constructed format, which limits your deck to a maximum of two different ink colours, you can include cards of all six inks in your deck when playing Lorcana’s Booster Draft format.

One final change from the standard Lorcana deck-building rules is that you can include more than four copies of a card with the same name. This includes both the name of the character - for example, Captain Hook - and their title, which is printed underneath, such as Forceful Duelist.

Buy Disney Lorcana products on Zatu, Magic Madhouse and Best Buy.

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About the Author

Matt Jarvis

Editor-in-chief

After starting his career writing about music, films and video games for various places, Matt spent many years as a technology, PC and video game journalist before writing about tabletop games as the editor of Tabletop Gaming magazine. He joined Dicebreaker as editor-in-chief in 2019, and has been trying to convince the rest of the team to play Diplomacy since.

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Get to know your choices for Dist. 4 county commissioner

All ballots must be returned by mail or delivered in person to the Hubbard County Auditor’s Office by no later than 8 p.m. on Election Day – Tuesday, Aug. 8. – in order to be counted.

The special election of a new Hubbard County commissioner is underway.

Steven J. Keranen of Nevis and Lyle Howg of Laporte are the two candidates for District 4.

All ballots must be returned by mail or delivered in person to the Hubbard County Auditor’s Office by no later than 8 p.m. on Election Day, Tuesday, Aug. 8, in order to be counted.

There are nine townships – Akeley, Clay, Guthrie, Hart Lake, Hendrickson, Lakeport, Mantrap, Steamboat River and Thorpe – and two cities – Akeley and Laporte – in District 4.

All precincts opted for mail-in voting.

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Bios

Keranen was born in Park Rapids, growing up on a family farm in Becker County. He’s a Menahga High School graduate. He enlisted in the U.S. Army directly after high school, serving in the military intelligence battalion in the 82nd Airborne Division. From 2005 to 2009, he served in the Minnesota Army National Guard. He earned a Bachelor of Science in geography in the field of park, recreation and land use planning from Bemidji State University. He’s lived in Hubbard County for more than 30 years, raising two children. He served on the Akeley City Council for a short time. He’s served on the Mantrap Township Board for the last 20 years in several capacities, including planning commission member, election judge and township supervisor. He’s been employed full-time with the Cass County Highway Department for about 20 years, currently as a senior engineering technician.

Howg owns the Sinclair gas station in Laporte. He is currently serving in the Army National Guard and has been for 23 years. He and his wife have three kids. For 16 years, he’s been a volunteer for the Lakeport Fire Department.

Q. What are your top priorities, if elected?

Keranen: Top three things I’d like to focus on, or at least learn more about:

  1. Support our local law enforcement and legal system to promote safety and hold people accountable for their actions.
  2. Having a successful Heritage Living Community entity, whether that be county owned or otherwise. Heritage was founded on the concept of a community caring for its community members and I’d like to keep it that way.
  3. I have an interest in the development of the Deep Lake Park Recreation Area project, not only to share the beautiful natural resources it holds, but to ensure that it is developed in a common sense and financially stable manner, and in the end is a self-sustaining operation.

Howg: To make sure the northern people of Hubbard County have a voice. I work, live and volunteer in the northern part of Hubbard County, and I want to see it be maintained and grow just as much as the southern part.

Q. What do you think of the county’s recent capital improvement plan?

Howg: It would be very nice if the grant that they applied for would come through, but even if it doesn't, it will need improvement and it will benefit many organizations across Hubbard County. The jail has been overwhelmed for a long time, the best thing Hubbard County can do is give some of the contracts of the remodel to Hubbard County tax-paying businesses, then it gets spent within our own tax base.

Keranen: From what I have read and heard of it, the items have been deemed to be necessary; however, I do not have all of the information to be able to make an informed decision. I don’t mean to take an easy way out, but the items in question have been worked on and discussed way beyond my time and it would not be fair to say I support or oppose them at this point at this time.

Naturally, there are certain parts of the plan that I do understand the need for, but do not fully understand the entire circumstance surrounding each issue.

As a commissioner, I would ensure that I have a full understanding and knowledge base before supporting or opposing any decision made.

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I would, however, want to explore heavily the consideration of growth in each decision made. Many facets of the improvement plan are addressing physical structures that are not all that old. It’s too late to question the breakdown in forethought in past decisions, but certainly should be addressed in future decisions.

Q. The lack of affordable housing and a shortage of child care providers make it difficult for businesses to recruit and retain workers in Hubbard County. Which solutions appeal to you?

Keranen: Promoting support for working families is extremely important and the key to a successful family and a successful community.

Obtaining and sustaining quality child care is important, not only for the children and their family, but also for the providers caring for them, who also need to have a sustainable income.

It appears that the concern is on the radar at the state level. From a county perspective, advocating for rural areas, such as ours, with the state representatives is important as well as ensuring that our county is appropriately represented in any funding available for such programs.

As I understand there have been, and continues to be, low-income housing units constructed in Hubbard County. It appears from recent meetings and newspaper articles that there is a concern for proper management of the housing projects. Stabilizing that is first and foremost the ultimate need. After that, continuing to ensure our workforce and disabled persons have a safe and affordable place to live is essential.

Howg: The lack of workers is a very big issue everywhere up north. Each town and community have this issue, but each in a different way. Some lack child care, like Park Rapids, but in the northern part of Hubbard it's a lack of people or population that is willing to do the jobs asked.

Q. Minnesota is looking to address PFAS (“forever chemicals”) in county landfills and elsewhere. How should the county respond?

Howg: If the state is addressing it, then we will have to follow some of their guidelines, so the board of commissioners will need to follow the state's guidelines and see if they are going in the right direction for Hubbard County or not.

Keranen: From the meetings I have attended, either in person, remotely or viewed after the fact, I feel the county has a good handle on how it handles solid waste. We have a strong recycling program that makes recycling as easy as it can be for the public. Continuing to encourage recycling is top priority in solid waste.

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Our county has a staff member represented on a regional group to address these concerns. At present, we are sending our solid waste, for the most part, to an incinerator, which meets MPCA and EPA regulations. This decision, with the information we have on all options, appears to be in the best interest of the county.

Q. What is your understanding of the challenges facing the county-owned nursing home and what are possible solutions?

Keranen: Providing quality care close to home for our medically and cognitively fragile community is very important. While we all hope to live independently for the rest of our lives, unfortunately that is not realistic. Whether the county continues to own or sells the Heritage Campus, I feel it’s important to support its success. When it comes to public-funded services, the state sets the rates for all of these services, thus advocating for adequate reimbursement is vital. Recent legislative changes have opened the door for additional funding for both public waiver services and struggling nursing homes, both of which are included in the Heritage Campus. Assuring that we are capitalizing on these funding opportunities is key.

Howg: I don't have a lot of knowledge on the nursing home issues, but what I do know is that the financing in not self-sustaining and the options are not in Hubbard County's favor, so I would look at all the options that have been discussed and see if we need to take a loss on the sale to save taxpayers from paying for the yearly loss.

Q. As a county commissioner, what measures would you reinforce or support to ensure voter confidence in our elections?

Howg: The only way to ensure voter confidence is to have a picture ID at the time of voting; however, I know that with the current mail-in ballots we have that's not possible so we need to continue to be honest and show the voters that we are not hiding anything.

Keranen: We must comply with the election laws that the state put forth. That said, there are multiple ways to vote over a long period of time, I don’t see much of a barrier in the system we currently have. I do feel that there could be different ways to ensure secure voting. Limit the use of mail-in ballots, as well as requiring ID, are just two ways I feel could ensure that each voter is actually the person exercising their right to vote, rather than running the risk of fraudulent voting activity.

Q. The Hubbard County Jail is operating at capacity and the bulk of the arrests are drug related. The sheriff’s office budget was $1 million over budget in 2022. What can the county do to keep these costs down?

Keranen: As noted, the bulk of the arrests are drug related, so the question is “how do we prevent the illegal activity from occurring in the first place or reoccurring?” Any answer is easier said than done, of course.

As I already noted, law and order is very important. Providing a safe community is of top concern. If an offense is occurring, I strongly feel that the individual(s) need to be stopped and held accountable. Reducing illegal activity and reoffending is a large part of that. Promoting the development of programs to help reduce repeat offenders intrigues me. What that all entails, I really don’t know and it would need to be a multi department effort to address.

Equally as important, promoting education and programs to reduce the likelihood of young persons heading down a path of drugs and illegal behavior is central to address as well.

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This reflects back to providing an opportunity for our citizens to have safe and affordable housing, to be able to work and support themselves and their families, providing a safe and supportive environment for children to grow in.

Howg: I would have to do extensive research to see the whole picture for the budget portion of the jail. As far as the drug-related portion, we can try and work with all other counties and see if we can pull a grant or state assistance for something that works for the future problem.

Shannon Geisen is editor of the Park Rapids Enterprise.
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Content: The Immense Impact Of Eldest Daughter Feminism

There's no shortage of eldest daughter stories in popular culture.

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The eldest daughters are having a moment. For the past few weeks and months, in the popular press and social media platforms, we have seen eldest daughters speak out about their significant role in keeping things together for those around them.

After reading and watching this, I was particularly drawn to the stories of numerous women and girls who boldly stand up for themselves and set boundaries with people. As the eldest daughter myself, it’s about time.

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Despite the attempts to define this “eldest daughter syndrome,” all eldest daughters are not the same. In my research and writing, I have noticed distinct variations or manifestations of “eldest daughter syndrome,” with some daughters exhibiting codependency and people-pleasing tendencies while others display hyper-independence and rigidity.

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However, in both cases, the eldest daughter is often the child who takes on a parental role, providing support without receiving it. Or, as I have written before, “Being the oldest child, you get all of the responsibility of being a co-parent but none of the recognition.”

RELATED: 10 Reasons Your Daughter Is The Greatest Gift You'll Ever Receive

Women’s History Month and the widespread discussions about labor inequality within households have bolstered discussions of eldest daughter syndrome. Consequently, I've found that familial dynamics and values play a big role in how the eldest daughter syndrome develops throughout life.

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While some daughters are raised traditionally and are expected to help around the house, others are considered “Daddy’s girls” and are greatly influenced by their relationship with their fathers. This leads me to believe that a daughter’s upbringing is heavily influenced by the parent who impacts her most. Therefore, I have been exploring the concept of “daughtering” and how the experience of being a daughter can differ depending on family circumstances.

“If we had a daughter, I’d watch and could not save her / The emotional torture, from the head of your high table” — Paris Paloma, LABOUR.

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I was inspired to explore the topic even further after receiving an email introducing a new workshop by Black Feminist scholar and writer Alexis Pauline Gumbs. The seminar “Daughter Rhymes With” is focused on the radical potential of “daughtering,” which made me think deeply about how the concept of eldest daughter syndrome can be applied to understand gender and relationship dynamics.

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The Disney-ification of eldest siblings, or the difference between firstborn sons and daughters

Although “eldest daughter syndrome” may seem new, we have seen stereotypical depictions of eldest daughters in media for decades.  When I started researching representations of eldest daughters, I was immediately reminded of several Disney films, such as the 1950 version of Cinderella, the 1998 film Mulan, and the more recent film Encanto (2021). In these films and the folktales they are often based on, we see different depictions of eldest daughters burdened with caring for their households at their own expense.

In the story of Cinderella, the main character is the oldest daughter who has lost her father and is forced to live with her stepmother and step-sisters. However, instead of living a comfortable life like her sisters, Cinderella is made to do all the household chores for their benefit.

Mulan’s story is even more heartbreaking, as she takes on the responsibility of going to war in place of her elderly father because there are no sons in her family. And we can’t forget Luisa’s character in Encanto, who sings the powerful anthem “Surface Pressure” about the immense pressure she feels as the eldest daughter in the family.

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RELATED: How Birth Order Bizarrely Affects Your Kids' Personalities

In 2002, Disney released Lilo & Stitch, a movie that focuses on the story of two orphaned siblings. The elder sister, Nani, faces the constant threat of losing her younger sister if she fails to take up the responsibility of raising her.

Hence, the depiction of eldest daughters in this and other animated films is noteworthy because it is uncommon to see such realism in animation. Rather than portraying a positive storyline, the narratives often carry a sad undertone consistent across all eldest daughter stories. Even when the ending is meant to be hopeful, a sense of suffering and hardship remains difficult to ignore.

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In contrast, Disney often portrays the first son as Prince Charmings, whose family responsibilities are weighty but not depicted as a burden. Yet, eldest daughters are often burdened with familial responsibilities that go unrecognized or are simply expected due to gender norms. Men are supported and applauded for their work as sons, husbands, or fathers, while daughters, who often become wives and mothers, are trained to accept that feminine or domestic labor is their birthright. This is the difference between eldest daughter syndrome and the usual responsibility that comes with being the first child in the family.

Consequently, eldest daughter syndrome is a condition that affects many eldest daughters. It is characterized by feelings of grief, sadness, anger, and stress, often caused by the responsibilities and expectations placed upon them as the eldest sibling. Eldest daughters are expected to give both within the household and outside of it, leading to a Type A personality that values achievement and perfectionism. This desire for success can be driven by a need to prove themselves and a passion for everything that feminism has taught girls they can have.

Rage Against The Machine: On girl-dads, girl-boss feminism, and healing from patriarchy

This point about perfectionism and achievement has made me think quite a bit about the role of feminism and fatherhood in constructing the eldest-daughter syndrome. Despite not believing in a binary, I have noticed that the media often portrays two types of daughters: those who want to find a partner like their father and those who aspire to be the father. This reflects the pervasive influence of patriarchal values on our society.

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On the one hand, some women, such as TradWives, who are active on social media, embrace these values and strive to uphold them. On the other hand, some women seek to challenge and dismantle patriarchal systems and are determined to shatter the glass ceiling.

In this era of gender equality, little girls are encouraged to pursue their dreams and aspirations, and many eldest daughters are taught to be skilled second parents and independent providers. Although I was often told that marriage and kids should be in my plans, I was constantly encouraged to take advantage of education, travel, and financial opportunities. However, many eldest daughters feel compelled to achieve because of the relationships they see around them.

Growing up in households with strong father figures or facing patriarchal oppression, we often view achievement as a means of ensuring that we do not have to deal with the same issues as previous generations.

RELATED: How A Dad Goes From 'Best Friend' To Estranged Parent With Just Five Words

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This often means that eldest daughters align themselves with patriarchal values that prize work over family in an attempt to avoid the realities of gendered oppression. However, I was reminded of a famous quote:

“Often father and daughter look down on mother (woman) together. They exchange meaningful glances when she misses a point. They agree that she is not as bright as they are, and cannot reason as they do. This collusion does not save the daughter from the mother’s fate.” ― Bonnie Burstow, Radical Feminist Therapy: Working in the Context of Violence

Eldest daughters often work harder than others to achieve success, but they still face sexism and inequality in their careers and relationships. This can lead to feelings of anger and a desire to upend the patriarchal system that oppresses them.

For me, my issues with anger and drive to succeed are typical of the eldest daughter syndrome and reflect my relationship with my father and my role as a daughter.

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Daughter Lessons: Deconstructing Faith(e), fatherhood, and fear of failure

Growing up in a very modern blended family, I had many mothers and fathers, but I always enjoyed spending time with my dad. This was mainly because we had similar temperaments, which vacillated between spending time locked away working on projects and socializing with the community.

From my child’s eyes, my father could fix anything and spend hours researching and teaching about his mechanical and musical interests. As the first daughter (and his only child for most of my childhood), I was his little sidekick and listening ear.

As a funny guy who wrote rhymes in his free time, my father’s words held a lot of weight. But, he often communicated through ridicule and judgment. Even when you were not under his critical eye, there was always a commentary about someone else, from how the waitress set the table to how a stranger walked down the street.

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Consequently, my siblings and I were held to high standards and had no room for failure. Whether the failure was as small as spilling your juice at breakfast or as big as getting in trouble at school, he always watched and waited to express cruelty and control through his communication.

“You’re a spineless, pale, pathetic lot / And you haven’t got a clue / Somehow I’ll make a man out of you” — “I’ll Make a Man Out Of You” Disney’s Mulan

As a teetotaler, my father would imbibe anger like some men consumed whiskey or cigars. And no one was allowed to hide when he was on the rampage. But more than anything, you were not allowed to cry or crumble because either would only worsen the vitriol. Instead, you would be forced to wait until he was done before being dismissed.

Consequently, the rule of the house was “Don’t Tell Dad”. Unless you had done something great or promising that he would be proud of, you must keep it hidden to avoid triggering a tirade. This meant that there was no fear worse than failure and not one achievement that could sustain his praise.

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But he wasn’t always like that. My father was the best when you had something good to tell him. As the popular PTA dad, he loved bragging about his children. Even as an adult, my father kept a drawer full of my childhood artwork because I was always “good at that type of thing.” As I spent less time at home, every time I came back, every stranger I met could tell me all the good things I had done because my father had already told them. Although my family barely spoke to each other, we could always speak the language of accomplishments.

In this sense, while my father knew all of my accomplishments, he knew nothing about me. Over time, I realized that by constantly bringing up my achievements, everything good about me was attributed to him because he had to be a great father if he had such a wonderful daughter. But, when you are pedestaled as perfect, there is no room to express pain. And so the resentment built.

Subconsciously, I began to construct a version of myself that wasn’t so accomplished. Over time, I learned to keep my personality’s more rebellious and activist-oriented aspects hidden from my father until things came to a head.

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Growing up, I often heard the phrase, “Daughters marry their fathers,” so I was set on doing everything I could to avoid facing that fate. While I found many ways to avoid men like my father, I could not avoid the same level of anger and rage that simmered and exploded inside of him.

As I got older, I was tired of not talking about my feelings to my family, so I exploded and expressed my pent-up eldest daughter’s rage. It wasn’t pretty, and I quickly went from Luisa Madrigal to Bruno.

As the eldest daughter, I realize I have a high tolerance for hardship and pain. While this can be a great thing in endurance training or long-term goals, it often takes me a long time to realize when I feel hurt or when someone is hurting me (even if that someone is myself).

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However, I have learned over the years that holding in anger and resentment only hurts you in the end, and there is great healing that can come from letting go of the past. Even more, I have learned that there are many ways to transmute that anger into more productive endeavors, and I think that many eldest daughters are drawn to feminism for this reason.

RELATED: 7 Critical Lessons Parents Should Teach Their Daughters About Healthy Relationships

Faithe J. Day, PhD is a writer, creator, and educator whose research has been published in various journals and digital publications such as Transformative Works and Culture, Cosmopolitan, and ZORA.