Salmon farming operations commonly add a range of substances to fish feed to optimize growth, health, and productivity.

Among the most frequent additives are antibiotics, used to control disease outbreaks prevalent in high-density aquaculture environments.

However, their use is tightly regulated due to concerns over antibiotic resistance, prompting regulatory agencies to monitor and restrict their inclusion to safeguard both consumer health and environmental quality .

On a broader nutritional front, compound feeds for salmon typically comprise animal-based (such as fishmeal and fish oil) and plant-based ingredients, with additives like vitamins, soy proteins, wheat gluten, and corn gluten meal also frequently used.

In countries such as Norway and China, there is a concerted effort to shift towards more plant-based proteins and alternative sources like algae and insect meal, partly in response to sustainability concerns regarding wild-caught fish used for fishmeal and oil .

Feed additives aimed at promoting health and resilience in salmon, including probiotics and prebiotics (such as lactic acid bacteria and glucans), are increasingly common.

These substances can bolster immunity, improve digestion, increase disease resistance, and enhance feed efficiency, with some probiotics also exhibiting prebiotic effects .

Less common and more experimental additives include seaweed, particularly kelp and oarweed, selected for both nutritional supplementation and potential environmental benefits, though use in salmon is still in early stages .

Major salmon-producing countries maintain rigorous regulatory controls over feed additives, focusing on restricting antibiotics, reducing wild fish dependency, and enforcing labeling and certification to inform consumers.

These frameworks are designed to address not only direct health risks but also environmental and sustainability challenges .

Salmon farming operations commonly add a range of substances to fish feed to optimize growth, health, and productivity.

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China Works to Get Wild-Caught Fish Out of its Aquaculture Feed

[By Zhang Chun]

A 2021 Chinese government initiative to stop aquaculture feed being made from only young or low-value fish and to instead start producing “compound feed” – mixed with ingredients harvested from the land – is opening up a greener future for the sector.

According to the Ministry of Agriculture, in a series of trials last year, the sole use of low-value “feed-grade” fish as aquaculture feed was reduced by 77 percent, and by as much as 94 percent in farming of largemouth bass. Experts say the switch to compound feed could see overall use of feed-grade fish slashed by half for farming of certain species.

What is compound feed?

Compound feed normally contains a mixture of animal- and plant-based ingredients, and added nutrients such as vitamins. For aquaculture feeds containing fishmeal and fish oil, common additives include soy proteins, wheat gluten and corn gluten meal.

Feed-grade fish are those in a catch that are small, low in commercial value, or unsuitable for human consumption. They are sent to be processed into fishmeal and fish oil, or fed directly to farmed fish. But a significant proportion of feed-grade fish consists of juveniles of commercially important species. Once caught they can no longer grow into adult fish and breed, or be caught and sold on the market. Their removal damages ocean food chains and ecosystem stability.

The last decade and more has seen increased calls for China to tackle the use of feed-grade fish in aquaculture, but the current round of trials is the first organised by the Ministry of Agriculture. It focuses on species such as the yellow croaker, Japanese sea bass and largemouth bass, which tend to be fed more feed-grade fish. While those species don’t account for much of China’s fed aquaculture output, they do require much more protein than others to put on the same amount of weight. Compound feed cuts down on the use of fish by substituting vegetable alternatives, and is cheaper.

In the long term, sustained reductions in the use of fishmeal and fish oil in feed will be necessary to protect wild fisheries.

Aquaculture driving feed-grade fish catch

Fishers never used to set out to catch feed-grade fish; it was bycatch, with no economic value. Then in the 1980s, global aquaculture took off. “There was a lot of need for fishmeal and oil,” Rashid Sumalia, a fisheries researcher at the University of British Columbia, told China Dialogue. People started going out “purposely to catch them at distance, because there was a market”, he added.

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO’s) 2020 global fisheries and aquaculture report, the use of fish for reduction to fishmeal and fish oil peaked in 1994 at 30 million tonnes, and stood at 18 million tonnes by 2018. Another 4 million tonnes were used elsewhere, including directly in feed for aquaculture, livestock and fur animals.

It wasn’t until the mid and late 1990s that aquaculture took off in China. The FAO’s 1998 fisheries and aquaculture report describes how rare it was for fish catches in Asia to go unused or be used as aquaculture feed. But in Asia, particularly in China and Vietnam, aquaculture has expanded rapidly and the region now accounts for almost 90 percent of global output. In China, output tripled between 1998 and 2020, to represent 60 percent of the global total.

Although many of the species farmed in China need little or no feed, fed fish and crustacean aquaculture accounts for half of output and requires millions of tonnes of feed-grade fish from Chinese waters alone. China does not currently have statistics on its feed-grade fish catch or use in fed aquaculture. One study calculated that in 2016 4.6 million tonnes of feed-grade fish were caught, 35 percent of the total recorded catch in China’s waters, and most was used directly as feed.

“The state is certainly aware of the problem,” said Fang Qing, China general manager for the Aquaculture Stewardship Council, adding that the difficulty in banning some harmful types of fishing gear in China is due to the ongoing market for the feed-grade fish it brings in. Since 2018, China has put minimum size limits in place for 15 commercial fish species, and ruled that feed-grade fish catch would drop to below 20% by 2020. There is no data available indicating whether this target was met.

This it isn’t just a Chinese problem. According to a 2017 study by the University of British Columbia, many countries, including the US and Norway, use feed-grade fish directly as feed. But the practice increased significantly in Asia between the 1990s and 2010, with feed-grade fish coming to account for a high percentage of landed catches.

Replacing feed-grade fish

In early 2019, the Ministry of Agriculture announced it would work to make Chinese aquaculture more environmentally friendly, and proposed the use of compound feed instead of purely fish-based feed. In April 2021, several provinces started trials of compound feed as part of more concrete action plans.

Compound feed for aquaculture is usually a mix of fishmeal, fish oil, wheat flour, soybean meal, vegetable oil and other land-grown ingredients. The amount of fishmeal and fish oil needed depends on the type of fish to be fed, and its stage of growth. According to Fang Qing, carnivorous fish such as the yellow croaker need huge quantities of meat protein at certain stages in their growth, and the relationship between particular nutrients and the growth and physiology of the fish can be complex. Hence, producing appropriate compound feed involves a lot of research and development.

To quantify how efficiently a species is farmed, the aquaculture industry uses a ratio called Fish in:Fish out (FIFO). The closer the FIFO is to 1, the more fish meat is produced per unit of input; a score of 1 means an extra kilogram of fish used as feed results in an extra kilogram of fish to harvest.

A study published in 2020 shows a FIFO of almost 1 for salmon and trout, thanks to the use of compound feeds which require less fishmeal and fish oil. If only fish were used to feed those species, the FIFO figure would be similar to that of the yellow croaker – over 6, according to an upcoming paper co-authored by Zhang Wenbo, an assistant professor in the College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University. His research into conventional yellow croaker aquaculture in China found that the direct use of feed-grade fish is still the best option for the yellow croaker farmers. But Fang Qing told China Dialogue that a lot of feed-grade fish fed to yellow croaker goes uneaten, and ends up sinking to the seabed or rotting, causing pollution and increasing the risk of disease.

More compound feed use would help reduce FIFO numbers in two ways: by cutting use of feed-grade fish, and by increasing conversion ratios – that is, generating more fish growth per unit of feed.

Zhejiang is taking the lead in both those areas. Since 2016, the province has been shutting fishmeal factories during the closed season and restricting the percentage of feed-grade fish in the overall catch. This, combined with the use of compound feed, saw Zhejiang cut the use of feed-grade fish by 835,000 tonnes across 710,000 mu (474 square kilometres) of aquaculture farms during the 13th FYP period (2016-2020). “Previously, feed-grade fish were the primary feed for largemouth bass in Zhejiang. These last two years that’s almost all been replaced with compound feed.” The FIFO ratio for farmed largemouth bass in Zhejiang could come down to 1.5, half the national average for this species, according to 2016 calculations Zhang Wenbo contributed to.

But cutting back on feed-grade fish use in China won’t be easy. Fishers catch a wide range of fish with a wide range of gear. At the local level there is a lack of fisher associations that can impose rules on the sector, making management tricky. Zhejiang’s success can be ascribed to strong local regulations. “There are no successful [international] examples that China can apply,” said Fang Qing. Alongside legislation to bolster oversight of the feed-grade fish catch, he also suggests developing feeds which will be more palatable to fish, and labelling products according to their use of feed-grade fish or compound feed, so consumers can make an informed choice.

Increasing the efficiency of fish inputs

The use of compound feed isn’t the end of the story. At least for now, fishmeal and fish oil are essential ingredients in those feeds. And while the global supply of fishmeal and fish oil has fallen from its peak in 2000 to a fairly stable level, the demand for aquaculture feeds has been increasing. That requires the development of feeds containing less meal and oil.

Plans announced by Norway to boost salmon farming have led to concerns about the supply of fishmeal and fish oil as well as vegetable ingredients. The country has started researching the use of mesopelagic fish (which inhabit the middle depths of the ocean), algae and farmed insects to meet that need and make feed more efficient. A more complete solution would be to develop entirely vegetarian feeds, with no fishmeal at all. However, as things stand that would only be suitable for a few species.

“Fishmeal is the most expensive of the ingredients found in bulk feeds. Reducing the amount in those feeds is the best way to make them cheaper,” Zhang Wenbo points out. A tonne of fishmeal costs around 10,000 yuan (US$1,500), compared to 1,000–4,000 yuan for bran or soybean meal, he added. “Feed conversion ratios are also affected by the type of aquaculture, the make-up of the feed, and genetic selection – the breeding of strains more suited to compound feeds,” he said. This is more difficult in China, with its wide range of farmed species, than in Norway, where salmon dominates. But progress is still being made, and associated targets have been set in the 14th Five Year Plan (2021–25).

Increasing the efficiency of fishmeal and fish oil use in China will also ease global pressures on the supply and help protect juvenile fish. China is the world’s biggest consumer of fishmeal, with the largest part being used in aquaculture, and the second largest being fed to pigs. But the country only produces 400,000–700,000 tonnes of fishmeal a year – not even close to meeting domestic demand. Fishmeal imports have held steady since 2017, at about 1.4 million tonnes, but jumped to 1.82 million tonnes in 2021, with experts ascribing the change to the recovery in pig farming. The extra fishmeal came from the Americas and elsewhere in Asia.

Zhang Wenbo explains that China’s fishmeal and fish oil imports come from forage fish, caught specifically to be turned into fishmeal, and Peru is the main supplier. Relatively little of China’s fishmeal is made from feed-grade fish. “Imports of by-product processed fishmeal from Vietnam and Thailand have been increasing in recent years,” he said.

Minimizing the feed-grade fish catch

Cutting back on the use of feed-grade fish is good for the sustainable development of both wild fishing and aquaculture. It will also help protect already vulnerable ocean ecosystems. In 1959, fishing vessels in China’s Bohai Sea caught 420 kg of fish per net for every hour they worked. By 1993, that had fallen to 30 kg, and only 8 kg between 1998 and 2011. The above-mentioned research into China’s feed-grade fish catch found that a long-term stable total catch has masked trends including falling biomass and changes in end use.

The losses to biodiversity and ecological services cannot be measured in financial terms, and the fishing industry needs more than simply output. Wang Songlin, president and founder of the Qingdao Marine Conservation Society, believes the industry needs to work towards a balance of ecological, economic and social benefits. He told China Dialogue that even if total catch may still be the same by volume, the underlying destruction to the integrity of ecosystems and the environment should not be ignored.

Management of the sector in China has acquired a new ecological focus. Alongside the use of compound feeds, some provinces are providing fishery stewardship subsidies for the protection of rare and endangered species and for keeping down feed-grade fish catch volumes.

Protecting juvenile fish isn’t just a matter for China – it’s crucial for ocean ecosystems around the world. Rashid Sumalia said: “If you look at the economies and the ecology at the higher level, you don’t want to [catch feed-grade fish] because the losses are too high” to be sustainable. Sumalia acknowledges that many people rely on that fishing for their livelihoods but says: “We need to take it down as far as we can.”

Zhang Chun is a senior researcher at China Dialogue. This article appears courtesy of China Dialogue Ocean and may be found in its original form here

The opinions expressed herein are the author's and not necessarily those of The Maritime Executive.

Why is omega-6 (vegetable) fat added to salmon fees in salmon farms?

Among the most frequent additives are antibiotics, used to control disease outbreaks prevalent in high-density aquaculture environments.

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Content: Local Local Focus
Jiaxian calls on fishers to take good care of summer and summer management of fish ponds
▲ ▼ In the hot summer, the Chiayi County government urged farmers to do a good job of summer prevention and management of fish ponds. (Photo / Chiayi County Government)
Reporter Ethan Weng / Chiayi reporting
Chiayi County Agricultural Department said that the summer heat is hot, and the sun is the hottest from 10: 00 am to 2: 00 pm daily. Fishermen are urged to avoid working in the sun for a long time. When working in fish ponds and at sea, they should wear light and loose clothing, and wear a hat to cover the sun.
In summer, the amount of oxygen dissolved in the pond decreases with the increase of water temperature, and the digestion metabolism of the fish increases when the water temperature is high, and the oxygen consumption increases when the water temperature is high. The feeding and breeding management and consideration of appropriate reduction of breeding density, in order to safely survive the high water temperature harvest results.
1. Reasonable feeding management
When the water temperature is high, the food intake is strong, and it can be given a reasonable amount of feeding as it grows. Do not over-bait to avoid digestive pressure and produce digestive tract diseases, and even other diseases.
At this time, the appropriate amount of probiotics and vitamins and other additives can be added to the feed to strengthen the liver and intestinal health of the cultured organisms, promote digestion and absorption and improve the feed efficiency.
Excessive high temperature will affect digestion and even vomiting. When the water temperature may exceed 33 ° C, the weather is abnormal, the eating is abnormal or the water quality changes, etc., you should consider reducing or stopping feeding according to the situation.
Second, do a good job of water quality control
In summer, the water temperature increases, the metabolic rate of aquaculture and the growth rate of phytoplankton increase, coupled with the large amount of feed and excreta, the decomposition of organic matter is also accelerated. Therefore, the growth of phytoplankton leads to overfertilization of water. When the water is hot, increase dissolved oxygen and control the water color of the fish pond, so that the algae phase is stable and not too thick, to avoid the lack of oxygen, floating head or pond when the photosynthesis efficiency is low at night and early in the morning.
Third, strengthen disease prevention and control
Continuous high water temperature or drastic changes in water quality, easy to cause the biological resistance of aquaculture to become weak and various parasitic diseases and bacterial diseases, viruses, etc., are prone to occur, but during this period, the use of drugs can easily cause the death of algae and affect the stability of water quality, so the prevention of disease should be the main.
Regularly apply probiotics such as photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and sulfidobacterium to help regulate the water quality. Bacteria detection kits can be used to confirm the bacterial phase and reduce the chance of disease.
When the disease first occurs, most of them will have abnormal swimming behavior, accompanied by poor intake (meal) need to be carefully observed; when there is an abnormal sample, immediately sample and send for accurate diagnosis, when the disease occurs, should open more oxygenation facilities to increase dissolved oxygen, and avoid the application of drugs during high temperature at noon, more inspection and observation when applying drugs, and correct treatment to reduce losses.
In addition, if the water quality or aquatic organisms have abnormal death, you can send the pool water or fish test to the livestock disease prevention and control center (Taibao City Taibao 1st Road, 05-3620025), Dongshi Aquatic Animal Disease Inspection Center (Dongshi Village, Shinjuku Village, 14-2, 05-3734330), or aquatic animal disease prevention center (Yizhu Township, Xindian 2). No. 6, 05-3427922), the veterinarian provides examination and consultation services, through scientific equipment and professional veterinarian diagnosis, early detection and early treatment, do not rush to the doctor.
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What has the release of Netflix's ecological crisis documentary "Seaspiracy"  exposed?

The pollution risks associated with antibiotics used in sea-farmed salmon.

What health concerns are there specifically related to additives in farmed salmon feed?

However, their use is tightly regulated due to concerns over antibiotic resistance, prompting regulatory agencies to monitor and restrict their inclusion to safeguard both consumer health and environmental quality .

What health concerns are there specifically related to additives in farmed salmon feed?

On a broader nutritional front, compound feeds for salmon typically comprise animal-based (such as fishmeal and fish oil) and plant-based ingredients, with additives like vitamins, soy proteins, wheat gluten, and corn gluten meal also frequently used.

In countries such as Norway and China, there is a concerted effort to shift towards more plant-based proteins and alternative sources like algae and insect meal, partly in response to sustainability concerns regarding wild-caught fish used for fishmeal and oil .

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning additives in salmon feed?

Feed additives aimed at promoting health and resilience in salmon, including probiotics and prebiotics (such as lactic acid bacteria and glucans), are increasingly common.

Title:

Content: Yogurt is amazing! Feeding Wu Guo to eat for 2 months, the fisherman smiles and wears a helmet: anti-collision
▲ The water laboratory said that in recent years, due to climate change, the unusually high temperature in the summer, it is easy to cause the fish to be attacked by germs. (Photo by reporter Yang Chih-hing)
Journalist Hsu Chien-yi / reporting from Taipei
In recent years, the unusually high temperature in summer has led to the outbreak of germs, which has caused great losses to farmers. The probiotic Lactic Acid Bacillus B4, which helps to improve fish growth and enhance their immunity, and its glucan product Lactic Acid Bacillus B4 functional yogurt was added to the feed. Farming time to reduce the risk of breeding.
The water laboratory pointed out that glucan can be used as an emulsifier and thickener flavor carrier in food processing. In terms of health care, research shows that glucan can be used as a prebiotic to increase the number of probiotics - bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria in the body, and regulate immunity.
As mentioned in the water test, lactic acid bacteria B4, previously screened from the gut of perch fish, is a probiotic with special enzymes. Adding cheap sucrose can promote the production of glucan by lactic acid bacteria B4, and developed functional yogurt and ice cream containing glucan with lactic acid bacteria B4.
[Advertisement] Please continue reading...
According to the water test, the literature points out that probiotics or prebiotics such as glycans and oligosaccharides as feed additives can effectively improve the growth and immunity of fish and shrimp. The combined use of probiotics and prebiotics is usually higher than the combined effect of the two alone. Probiotics that produce pathogens can also produce glucans themselves, so the lactobacillus B4 yogurt is applied to aquaculture.
Experimental studies show that the addition of lactic acid bacteria B4 yogurt in the feed helps to improve the growth and resistance to pathogens.
▲ The feed in the test tank is evenly mixed with lactic acid bacteria B4 yogurt and the feed by an electric mixer.
(Photo / Supplied by Aquatic Research Institute)
In recent years, due to climate change, the unusually high temperature in summer can easily lead to the outbreak of germs, causing the death of fish and loss of farmers. Three years ago, the Kaohsiung City Animal Protection Department sought technical assistance from the water laboratory. 4 Yogurt feed for 2 months, fish feeding conditions are better than the control pond, growth is very fast, at the end of May harvest, no disease, fish average weight 570 grams, strong and healthy.
When the fish are harvested, the fisherman must wear a safety helmet to avoid being injured by the energetic Wu Kuo. The fish in the control pond eat worse than the test pond and grow more slowly. In mid-June, the fish suffered from streptococcus disease. It must be treated with drugs. The average weight is 467 grams, which is much lower than the average. Test pool.
The water laboratory further stressed that in order to understand whether the feed containing lactic acid bacteria B4 yogurt can really survive the cool summer, and the Kaohsiung Municipal Bureau of Animal Protection specially arranged the test in the summer the previous year. The results showed that although the test group and the control group of the fish containing lactic acid bacteria B4 yogurt were all suffering from streptococcal disease, the test group were milder drug. The treatment only takes 3 days to heal, and the control group is more serious, requiring more than 7 days of drug treatment.
Therefore, the addition of lactic acid bacteria B4 yogurt in broccoli feed helps to improve the growth and health of the fish, shortens the breeding time, reduces the breeding risk and slows the severity of the disease, and the cost of adding lactic acid bacteria B4 yogurt per kilogram of feed is only about 0.5 yuan.
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These substances can bolster immunity, improve digestion, increase disease resistance, and enhance feed efficiency, with some probiotics also exhibiting prebiotic effects .

Less common and more experimental additives include seaweed, particularly kelp and oarweed, selected for both nutritional supplementation and potential environmental benefits, though use in salmon is still in early stages .

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Anticipating obsolescence: The next step to enhancing the sustainability of aquaculture

With growing concerns about the environmental toll of single species fish farms, a research project has been looking at the feasibility of introducing a more sustainable and potentially more profitable method of fish farming, using three complementary species.

Much as native American people planted squash, maize and climbing beans together to benefit each other, (often called the "three sisters"), farming finned-fish, shellfish and seaweeds together could benefit each other and reduce any environmental effects of fish farming. Small scale integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA), as the system is called, has traditionally been used at a small domestic scale in Asia, providing the farmer with more than one product to sell or use.

The feasibility study conducted by Bangor University and published in Ecological Modelling has identified the locations around the Atlantic coast which would be most suitable for IMTA, based on farming salmon, and Oarweed, a type of kelp seaweed commonly found in temperate Atlantic coasts. The research considered the natural distribution of the three species, whether suitable locations clashed with busy shipping lanes or marine protected areas and whether there was close access to sizeable ports in order to reach markets.

The western coast of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland; Lough Swilly in County Donegal, Ireland, and the western coast of Brittany, northwest France were found to be the best locations to further develop IMTA based aquaculture.

As Conchúr Hughes of Bangor University's School of Ocean Sciences explained, "One of the problems with the type of single species aquaculture practiced in Europe is that excess food and feces can lead to deterioration of local ecology, while density can mean that aquaculture companies need to use antibiotics and other additives to maintain a healthy fish-stock.

"Mussels are filter feeders, they can be responsible for removing up to 54% of salmon waste materials from the , using it as energy to grow, while the oarweed removes soluble nutrients from the water column. Oarweed can then be farmed to use in a variety of products, from food supplements for human consumption or for fish farms, as a fertilizer or as an ingredient in pharmaceuticals.

"Each of these species complements the other and mitigates against problems."

IMTA-based aquaculture

Both salmon and mussels are important food sources in Europe, and while oarweed is not as yet, this is a sector that is expected to experience a rapid increase in demand in the coming years- and can provide an alternative sustainable source of fertilizer and other products.

Seaweed cultivation can also provide environmental benefits. The seaweed in the water acts as a buffer against as it approaches the shore, reducing the energy as it passes through the seaweed, much as trees act as a buffer against strong winds, which can help reduce erosion. It also elevates the pH and oxygenates the water.

More information: Conchúr Hughes et al, Habitat suitability modelling for an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system along Europe's Atlantic coast, Ecological Modelling (2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2023.110459

Provided by Bangor University

Citation: Anticipating obsolescence: The next step to enhancing the sustainability of aquaculture (2023, September 27) retrieved 27 September 2023 from https://phys.org/news/2023-09-obsolescence-sustainability-aquaculture.html
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Major salmon-producing countries maintain rigorous regulatory controls over feed additives, focusing on restricting antibiotics, reducing wild fish dependency, and enforcing labeling and certification to inform consumers.

What health concerns are there specifically related to additives in farmed salmon feed?

These frameworks are designed to address not only direct health risks but also environmental and sustainability challenges .

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Content: People 's Daily Online > > Economy and Technology
The State Administration of Market Supervision Exposes the First List of Serious Violations of Credit
December 28, 2021 09: 25 | Source: People's Daily Online
Small number
People's Daily Beijing, December 28 (Reporter Li Nanhua) According to the General Administration of Market Supervision, on December 27, the General Administration of Market Supervision released a number of typical cases of serious violations of the credit list, involving food, drugs, cosmetics and other industries and fields related to the safety and health of the people.
This is the first time that a typical case has been published after the implementation of the Measures for the Administration of the List of Serious Illegal and Untrustworthy Market Supervision and Management, which will form a strong deterrent to serious illegal and untrustworthy people.
At the same time, the General Administration of Market Supervision has also issued the "Measures for the Management of Market Supervision and Management of Credit Repair" to encourage illegal and untrustworthy market entities to reshape their credit and stimulate the vitality of market entities.
The State Administration of Market Supervision said that credit supervision is a long-term solution to standardizing the order of the market economy, and is the only way to promote the transformation of government functions and realize the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities.
In accordance with the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on promoting the construction of a credit system in the field of market supervision, the General Administration of Market Supervision will strengthen the management of the list of serious violations and dishonesty, and further promote the deepening of the reform of the commercial system, maintaining good market order and optimizing the business environment.
In the next step, the General Administration of Market Supervision will guide local market supervision departments to make full use of credit supervision tools such as the management of serious illegal and untrustworthy lists, and support the implementation of policies and measures for the reform of the commercial system.
Regularly select some typical cases to focus on exposure, and constantly strengthen the deterrent effect.
Attachment: Typical cases of serious violations and dishonesty in the field of market supervision (the first batch)
First, the market supervision bureau of Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province, will seriously endanger the campus food safety of modern bilingual school in the list of serious violations and dishonesty
On October 14, 2021, after receiving a report from the masses about the unexplained vomiting of some students at Xinzhou Modern Bilingual School, law enforcement officers of the Xinzhou Market Supervision Bureau rushed to the scene for investigation.
It was found that the food safety system of the modern bilingual school in Xinzhou did not meet the requirements of people, did not set up full-time or part-time food safety technicians, food safety administrators, knives used in the kitchen cutting room did not have "raw" and "cooked" signs. The bowl containing food was not covered, and many life teachers responsible for cooking were unable to provide health certificates, which led to food safety problems.
The failure of the parties to strictly implement the food safety standards violated laws and regulations such as the Food Safety Law, the Regulations for the Implementation of the Food Safety Law, and the Regulations for the Management of Food Safety and Nutrition in Schools.
At the same time, the case of "eating a dead rat in a student's meal" has been punished by the market supervision department on October 24 this year, which has caused serious social impact.
Campus food safety concerns the "safety on the tip of the tongue" of the majority of teachers and students, and is the focus of the Party Central Committee and the State Council to implement the "four most stringent" requirements for food safety.
The General Administration of Market Supervision jointly with the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Public Security and the National Health and Health Commission carried out campus food safety protection activities for three consecutive years
As the main body of responsibility for campus food safety, the parties do not pay enough attention to the management of the canteen, and the measures are not enough, so that the canteen food safety system is not implemented, and the students collectively appear to vomit, and the social impact is extremely bad.
According to the law, the parties should be severely punished, and included in the list of serious violations and dishonesty to the public, and the implementation of joint punishment will play a strong deterrent and warning role, and effectively protect campus food safety.
Second, the market supervision bureau of Bayingguoleng Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has included the Kurla Pinglin food distribution center, which deliberately tampered with the production date of pre-packaged foods and sold them, in the list of serious violations of trust.
On September 13, 2021, the Bazhou Market Supervision Bureau, according to the reports of the masses, inspected the shops and warehouses of the parties, found that more than 50 varieties, a huge amount of which exceeded the shelf life limit, and even some pre-packaged foods that had mildew were visible to the naked eye.
At the same time, a certain number of blank food labels, label codes, carburetor cleaning agents and other fake tools were found.
According to the regulations, the Bazhou Market Supervision Bureau imposed fines and confiscated tools for altering the production dates of prepackaged foods and a large number of expired prepackaged foods.
At the same time, in view of the obvious subjective malice of the parties and the bad nature of the case, the Bazhou Market Supervision Bureau will include the parties in the list of serious violations and dishonesty in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Food Safety Law, the Regulations for the Implementation of the Food Safety Law and the Measures for the Administration of Market Supervision.
“Eat first, eat first. ”
Food safety is related to the health and safety of the people, and this bottom line should not be touched.
The illegal act of deliberately tampering with the date of food production and selling not only causes greater food safety risks, but also destroys the law-abiding and honest food market operation order, and exacerbates the public's concern about food safety.
The market supervision department severely punished the parties according to law, and included them in the list of serious violations and dishonesty, which effectively deterred illegal acts in the food field and kept the bottom line of food safety.
Third, the Market Supervision Bureau of Wanxiu District, Wuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region will use toxic and harmful non-food raw materials to process food Lin Mou (individual industrial and commercial households) in the list of serious violations of trust
On April 19, 2021, the Wuzhou Market Supervision Bureau of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region jointly with the Wuzhou Public Security Bureau, the Wuzhou Food and Drug Inspection Institute, and the Wanxiu District Market Supervision Bureau conducted a surprise inspection on the dens suspected of producing and selling toxic and harmful fish slippery.
Law enforcement officials seized 3.6 kilograms of fish slippery produced and sold by the party and 400 grams of white powder used in the fish slippery stall operated by the party.
After being tested by the Wuzhou Food and Drug Inspection Institute, the fish skimboric acid content tested from the stalls operated by the parties was 674mg / kg, 715mg / kg, and the white powder boric acid content was 48224mg / kg.
In September 2021, the People 's Court sentenced the parties to fixed-term imprisonment for the production and sale of toxic and harmful non-food raw materials borax processed food fish slippery. The above acts violated the Food Safety Law, the Food Safety Law Implementation Regulations and other laws and regulations.
At the same time, in view of the fact that the parties have been sentenced to punishment and have a high degree of social harm, the Wuzhou Wanxiu District Market Supervision Bureau in accordance with the relevant provisions of the "Food Safety Law", "Food Safety Law Implementation Regulations" and the "Measures for Market Supervision and Management of Serious Illegal and Untrustworthy List Management", the parties were included in the list of serious violations and untrustworthy.
Boric acid toxicity is high, the illegal addition of non-food raw materials in fish slip is prohibited by the state, after eating light, gastrointestinal discomfort, causing nausea, vomiting and other symptoms, and heavy, metabolic acidosis, resulting in kidney failure, endangering life safety.
The market supervision department will continue to increase the crackdown on food safety violations such as illegal addition of non-edible substances in food, strictly implement the "four strictest" requirements of food safety, and make every effort to ensure the safety of the people on the tip of the tongue.
Fourth, Jiangxi Yingtan City Market Supervision Bureau will operate adulterated beef Zhu Mou listed in the list of serious violations and dishonesty
On December 7, 2019, law enforcement officers of the Yingtan City Market Supervision Bureau conducted on-site inspections on the beef stalls operated by the parties and extracted the "fresh beef" operated by them for inspection.
On July 20, 2020, Yingtan City Market Supervision Bureau made an administrative penalty decision to blacklist the parties, prohibit them from engaging in food production and business activities within three years, and fine 45,000 yuan.
In February 2021, after the market supervision department urged and applied for court enforcement, the parties still refused to pay the forfeiture money.
Upon inquiry, the parties have real estate, vehicles and other assets in their names.
The behavior of the parties who have the ability to perform but refuse to perform and evade execution has seriously damaged the credibility of the market supervision department.
Yingtan City Market Supervision Bureau, in accordance with the provisions of Article 11 of the Measures for the Administration of the List of Serious Violations and Untrustworthy under Market Supervision and Management, included the parties in the list of serious violations and untrustworthy according to law.
In addition, the inclusion of pork from unknown sources in the sale of beef not only seriously jeopardizes the health and safety of the people and infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, but also refuses to fulfill the obligations stipulated in the administrative punishment decision, which has obvious subjective malice and seriously affected the credibility of the market supervision departments.
The inclusion of the parties in the list of serious violations and dishonesty according to law and the implementation of joint punishment will not only help maintain the safety of food consumption, but also effectively support the effective implementation of administrative penalties by market supervision departments.
Fifth, Jiangxi Province Nanchang City Market Supervision Bureau will deliberately submit false materials to obtain administrative license Jiangxi Wopu Trading Co., Ltd., listed in the list of serious violations and dishonesty
On September 8, 2021, when the Market Supervision Bureau of Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province conducted an on-site inspection of the registered address of the parties, it was found that all the business premises were vacant, and no office facilities and related staff were found.
In July 2020, the parties commissioned a third-party agent to submit to the administrative examination and approval department the medical device business license, the second type of medical device business record form and other declaration materials, and handle the relevant licenses.
The company's business premises are Room 408, Building B, 1199 Chuangye Avenue, Jinxian County, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province.
The company has never worked here, and the house is only used for borrowing when the parties apply for a license.
Nanchang City Market Supervision Bureau has issued administrative penalties for failing to accept applications for medical device licenses and fines for five years, and revoked the medical device licenses of the parties concerned.
At the same time, in view of the parties deliberately provided false materials to defraud administrative license, subjective malice is obvious, the nature of the case is bad, the social impact is large, Nanchang City Market Supervision Bureau in accordance with the "market supervision and management of serious violations and dishonesty list management measures" sixth and other provisions will be listed parties in the list of serious violations and dishonesty.
The safety of medical devices is related to the health and life safety of the people.
As the main body of the market, enterprises must abide by relevant national laws and regulations as the prerequisite for their production and operation.
The parties provided false information to defraud the medical device business license, the second type of medical device business record certificate, etc., seriously disrupted the medical device business order, and brought great security risks to medical services.
The Nanchang market supervision department severely punished the illegal acts of the parties according to law, and included them in the list of serious violations and dishonesty, which played a role in investigating and dealing with them, and effectively deterred the illegal acts in the production and operation of medical devices, and guaranteed the lives and health of the people.
6. The Market Supervision Bureau of Changping District, Beijing, listed the 11th Branch of Beijing Gaoyuan Baikang Shanshui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (formerly known as Beijing Gaoyuan Baikang Zhu You Health Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Beijing Desheng Kang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
On October 23, 2021, after receiving the relevant information about the confirmed cases of Chen and Liu, which were announced at the 245th press conference of the prevention and control work of the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic in Beijing, the Market Supervision Bureau of Changping District of Beijing City inspected the parties as soon as possible.
It was found that when the parties sold drugs, they did not strictly implement the epidemic prevention and control measures in pharmacies according to the requirements, did not register the identity of customers, did not ask to scan the code for temperature measurement, did not conduct real-name management of the people who bought drugs for fever, cough, infection and dysphagia. At the same time, they did not ask whether the drug users had fever, cough, dysphagia, diarrhea, fatigue and other symptoms, whether they had lived in high-risk areas, and whether they had contact with close contacts.
During the epidemic period, the parties failed to strictly implement the main responsibility according to the requirements of epidemic prevention and control, and violated the relevant provisions of Beijing's epidemic prevention and control, and the Beijing Municipal Changping District Market Supervision Bureau decided to revoke the drug business license.
At the same time, considering that the illegal acts of the parties have caused the spread of the epidemic and caused serious harm to the normal living order of the masses and economic and social development, the Market Supervision Bureau of Changping District of Beijing Municipality has listed the parties in the list of serious violations and dishonesty according to Article 6 of the Regulations on Market Supervision and Management.
Recording the purchase and sale of medicines in accordance with regulations is a legal obligation that pharmaceutical business enterprises must fulfill, and it is also a requirement to fulfill the main responsibility and actively participate in and cooperate with the epidemic prevention and control work during the period of COVID-19 prevention and control.
The actions of the parties concerned have seriously disrupted the order of the pharmaceutical market and caused the spread of the epidemic.
The inclusion of the parties in the list of serious violations and dishonesty and the implementation of joint punishment will play an important role in enhancing the awareness of epidemic prevention and control and the awareness of law-abiding management of the pharmaceutical industry, and safeguarding the health and safety of the people.
Seven, Guangzhou Baiyun District Market Supervision Bureau of Guangdong Province, "repeatedly prohibited, repeatedly punished and never changed" Guangzhou Caijie Cosmetics Co., Ltd. was included in the list of serious violations of trust
On October 28, 2021, the Baiyun District Market Supervision Bureau of Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, filed a case for investigation of the party 's alleged failure to produce cosmetics in accordance with the technical requirements of cosmetics registration.
It was found that the parties did not produce four batches of products in accordance with the technical requirements of cosmetic registration, and there were illegal acts such as hiding information and issuing false certification materials in the investigation process of the case.
The Guangzhou Baiyun District Market Supervision Bureau fined the parties concerned according to law for not producing cosmetics in accordance with the technical requirements of cosmetics registration, which violated the regulations on the supervision and administration of cosmetics.
At the same time, in view of the fact that between February 24, 2019 and October 28, 2021, the parties have been punished three times by the Guangzhou Baiyun District Market Supervision Bureau (1 top punishment, 1 severe punishment, 1 general punishment) for failing to comply with the product, and the frequency of violations is high and subjective malicious. List of letters.
Cosmetics are closely related to the health and life safety of the people, and the parties in this case have serious violations and dishonesty of "repeated prohibitions and repeated punishments."
The market supervision department included it in the list of serious violations and dishonesty, implemented joint punishment according to law, and severely cracked down on the arrogance of illegal enterprises, and also sounded the alarm to other operators in the cosmetics industry.
The market supervision department will continue to strengthen the supervision of the cosmetics industry, ensure the health and safety of the broad masses of the people, and promote the high-quality development of the cosmetics industry.
Hangzhou Linan Shengqing Trading Co., Ltd., Hangzhou Linan Yougo Stationery Store, Hangzhou Linan Xiaoyou Children 's Clothing Store, Hangzhou Linan Shengqing Trading Co., Ltd., which helps others to commit cyber crimes, is listed as a serious breach of trust.
On November 1, 2021, Hangzhou Linan District Market Supervision Bureau received the procuratorial proposal of Hangzhou Linan District People 's Procuratorate, and investigated the transfer of business licenses of Hangzhou Linan Shengqing Trading Co., Ltd., Hangzhou Linan Yogo Stationery Store, and Hangzhou Linan Xiaoyou Children' s Clothing Store.
It was found that the legal representative of the parties, especially, bought and sold the business license of the parties and provided it to others to carry out network illegal and criminal activities.
The transfer of the business license of the party in this case violated the relevant provisions of the "Measures for the Registration of Individual Industrial and Commercial Households".
At the same time, in view of the fact that the parties provide others to carry out network illegal and criminal activities, the social impact is bad and the harm is serious, the Hangzhou Linan District Market Supervision Bureau in accordance with the "Measures for Market Supervision and Management of Serious Violations and Untrustworthy List Management Measures" Article 10 and other provisions will be included in the list of serious violations and untrustworthy.
The act of illegally transferring business licenses and helping others to carry out illegal and criminal activities in the information network not only seriously disrupts the market order, but also has an extremely negative impact on the healthy development of society and economy.
The inclusion of the parties in the list of serious violations of the law and the implementation of joint punishment will play an important role in maintaining a healthy and orderly market order and the safety of people's lives and property.
(Editor: Li Nanhua, Gao Lei)
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