Vertical gardens, or green walls, are systems designed to grow plants vertically on panels attached to indoor or outdoor building surfaces.

These installations rely on soil, hydroponics, or substrate media to sustain plant life and are used where conventional gardening is impractical.

Main types include modular wall gardens with mounted containers, tower gardens with stacked columns, hanging systems using suspended pots or pouches, and hydroponic walls utilizing nutrient-rich water solutions.

Their modular structure allows integration into diverse settings, from residential interiors to large commercial buildings and urban agriculture initiatives, effectively maximizing green space in dense environments .

A primary benefit of indoor vertical gardens is their ability to purify air.

By absorbing carbon dioxide and filtering pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), plant-covered walls act as natural air filters, improving the overall air quality indoors.

This function is especially valuable in urban or poorly ventilated environments, where air quality concerns are more acute.

Common indoor plant species used in green walls, such as ferns and philodendrons, demonstrate a strong capacity for removing toxins, which leads to a healthier environment for building occupants .

Vertical gardens also help regulate indoor temperatures.

Acting as living insulation, these installations moderate indoor climates by reducing heat gain in summer through shading and evapotranspiration, while in winter, they offer extra insulation that helps retain interior warmth.

This natural regulation reduces energy consumption and dependence on mechanical heating or cooling, offering a concrete sustainability advantage.

As a result, buildings with green walls often enjoy lower operating costs and improved occupant comfort .

Equally significant are the psychological benefits of living green walls.

Numerous studies and occupant reports link the presence of indoor greenery to reduced stress, improved mood, and increased productivity.

Green walls foster a restorative indoor environment, introducing natural elements that promote relaxation and well-being—an effect that is especially impactful in urbanized or otherwise artificial settings.

The connection to nature provided by vertical gardens reinforces the principles of biophilic design, enhancing overall occupant satisfaction .

The environmental advantages of vertical gardens extend beyond interior spaces.

Integrating green walls into urban architecture maximizes green area without increasing building footprints, combats the urban heat island effect, and supports biodiversity by providing habitats for beneficial insects and birds.

Efficient, often automated, irrigation systems help conserve water.

Furthermore, the dense planting in vertical gardens can improve urban soundscapes by acting as a barrier against noise pollution .

Proper maintenance is essential for the health and efficacy of green walls.

Routine care includes regular watering—usually managed with built-in irrigation—pruning to prevent overgrowth, pest and disease monitoring, and the periodic replacement of unhealthy plants.

Hydroponic systems require special attention to water quality and nutrient levels.

Automated irrigation and lighting controls can ease the maintenance burden, but successful installations require a consistent maintenance schedule to sustain both appearance and function .

Plant selection is a crucial factor in the design and long-term success of vertical gardens.

Suitable indoor species are chosen for their adaptability to varying light, humidity, and temperature conditions.

Hardy, shade-tolerant varieties such as ferns, pothos, philodendrons, spider plants, and maidenhair ferns are common, largely due to their air-purifying properties and low maintenance requirements.

For outdoor or sunlit installations, drought-tolerant or Mediterranean species are appropriate, especially in hot or arid climates.

Edible plants—including herbs like basil, mint, and parsley, as well as lettuces and strawberries—are increasingly popular in both residential and commercial settings, combining aesthetic and practical value .

Designers must match plant species to the intended environment for optimal results.

Low-light tolerant species respond best in shaded interiors, while sun-loving and hardy varieties suit high-illumination or outdoor exposures.

The modularity of most vertical garden systems simplifies future plant replacement or system updates, allowing flexibility as conditions change or new objectives (like edible production or increased biodiversity) arise .

In summary, vertical gardens are versatile architectural features offering substantial benefits.

They improve air quality, regulate temperature, and enhance mental well-being indoors, while also supporting urban sustainability through water conservation, habitat creation, and noise reduction.

Successful implementations rely on thoughtful design, precise plant selection, and diligent maintenance.

As such, vertical gardens represent a convergence of aesthetic appeal, environmental responsibility, and human health in contemporary sustainable design .

Vertical gardens, or green walls, are systems designed to grow plants vertically on panels attached to indoor or outdoor building surfaces.

Title:

Content: Categories: Articles, Crop productionPublished On: 13th October 2023

Hobby or small-holder farmers: Vertical farming may be the way to go

By 7 min read

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Stackable planters can be purchased from local hardware or nursery suppliers to create your own vertical farm.

The need to optimise farming and improve yields on small plots of land is increasingly important. Due to challenges of water scarcity, limited arable land and high inputs costs, innovative solutions such as vertical farming can help to overcome these struggles.

Vertical farming is an approach whereby farmers cultivate certain crops vertically in stacked layers, in order to maximise space and increase yields. This is usually achieved by planting these crops in containers, structures, or stackable pots.

Most often, these structures incorporate aquaponics, hydroponics or aeroponic techniques. All of these are methods used in controlled environments, with various factors such as the water flow, lighting control, temperature, and substrate controlled by the farmer, unlike traditional farming practices.

Vertical farming has many benefits

The most obvious benefit of vertical farming is maximised land use. This method allows farmers to grow more crops in a smaller footprint, making it ideal for areas with limited land availability. But there are other benefits too:

Production throughout the year: Since the environment of vertical farms are more controlled, it is possible to cultivate a crop more than once a year, or to ensure that you have a consistent yield throughout the year – depending on the crop type of course. Any seasonal constraints are removed and production is more efficient.

Water conservation: Less water is used in these systems.with only the precise amount of water needed to provide the plants with sustenance. Where farms are located in greenhouses or indoors, less evaporation also occurs.

Low environmental impact: When less space is needed to grow more food, there is a lower impact on the environment. Less natural vegetation needs to be cleared to accommodate soil based farming.

Improved control over growing conditions: When coupled with greenhouse systems, factors such as light intensity, temperature and humidity can be regulated. However, the plants are more dependent on the farmer to provide nutrients as there is little to no soil used as a substrate. Farmers can exercise strict control over when which fertilisers are used.

How to start a vertical farm

If you are looking to start a vertical farm, you need to first allocate space. You will need a space to put up the vertical structures where it has ample natural light, and where the structures can be safe from animals. People often want to put vertical gardens in warehouses and storerooms, but it is very costly to provide enough artificial lighting to try and make up for the lack of sunlight.

If you plan on adding ventilation to a greenhouse, temperature control systems or any other high tech additions, remember to consider access to electricity or solar power. If solar is your choice, take note the for every hectare of artificial lighting you may need up to five hectares of solar panels to provide enough electricity.

There also needs to be a space where you can add drainage so access water can drain from your vertical farm.

Next, you will need to look at the crops you would like to grow as this will determine  your growing method.

Structures for vertical farming:

Vertical wall gardens

Vertical wall gardens are one of the simplest and most cost-effective ways to start vertical farming in cities where you have walls, and limited horisontal space. You can use recycled materials such as old pallets, wooden crates, or plastic bottles as planting containers. These containers can be attached to a vertical frame or wall, creating a vertical garden. This method is excellent for growing herbs, small vegetables, and even certain fruits like strawberries.

Tower gardens

Tower gardens are vertical systems that allow plants to grow in stacked layers. PVC pipes can be used to create vertical planting towers. Plants are placed in holes drilled into the pipes, and a water and nutrient solution is circulated through the system. PVC pipes are relatively inexpensive and can be found at local hardware stores. Tower gardens are suitable for growing a variety of leafy greens and herbs.

Hanging gardens

Hanging gardens are an excellent option for small spaces. You can use hanging pots, recycled containers, or even fabric pouches attached to a frame or railing. These hanging containers can be filled with a lightweight growing medium and used for cultivating herbs, lettuce, and other compact crops. Hanging gardens utilise vertical space effectively and are relatively low-cost to set up.

Hydroponic systems

Hydroponic systems, where plants are grown in water without soil, can be affordable if you opt for a simple DIY setup. You can create a basic raft system using foam boards floating on a nutrient solution. Alternatively, a wick system, where a wick draws nutrient solution from a reservoir to the plants, is inexpensive and easy to set up. These DIY hydroponic systems are suitable for growing various vegetables and herbs.

Shelve system

As the name suggests, shelves are used to create rows of vertical gardens. Similar to wall- or hanging gardens, containers with substrate is used keep the plants in. Pots or trays are stacked on the shelves in a tray of water, or is connected to driplines that provide the plants with water.

A wall garden constructed with PVC pipe. (Source: Pixabay)

Planting a (vertical) garden and watching it grow

Some crops are not compatible with vertical systems – do not try to plant maize or pumpkins in this system. But there are still a multitude of other crops that can be used. Here are a few you can research:

  1. Herbs:

Herbs such as basil, cilantro, mint, thyme, and parsley are vital flavours that are in constant demand. They require relatively little space and grow well in vertical systems. Additionally, herbs are high-value crops because they have a quick turnover, allowing for multiple harvests throughout the year.

  1. Salad greens

Leafy greens like lettuce, spinach, arugula, and kale are popular choices for vertical farming. They are not only nutritious but also have a short growth cycle, making them ideal for continuous harvesting. Salad greens are versatile and are used in various culinary dishes, making them high in demand and a profitable choice for vertical farms.

  1. Microgreens

Microgreens are young edible plants harvested at an early stage. They are incredibly popular in high-end restaurants and farmer’s markets due to their intense flavour and high nutritional content. Microgreens can include varieties like radishes, mustard greens, and pea shoots. Despite their small size, microgreens are considered high-value crops because they can be sold at a premium price.

  1. Strawberries

Strawberries are a popular fruit that can be grown vertically in towers or hanging systems. They have a relatively high market price and are favoured by consumers for their sweetness and freshness. Vertical farming allows for efficient use of space, making it possible to grow a significant quantity of strawberries in a small area.

  1. Gourmet mushrooms

Gourmet mushrooms such as oyster mushrooms, shiitake, and maitake have gained popularity in culinary circles. They can be grown vertically in specially designed containers or shelves. Mushrooms have a relatively high market price, making them a profitable choice for vertical farms.

When choosing high-value crops for your vertical farming system, consider the local market demand, climate suitability, and your expertise in cultivating specific crops. Conduct market research and engage with local chefs, restaurants, and grocery stores to understand their requirements and preferences. By selecting the right combination of high-value crops, you can optimise your vertical farm’s profitability and contribute to the sustainable growth of your agricultural venture.

Shelves can also be used to create vertical gardens. (Source: Vecteezy)

For emerging farmers in sub-Saharan countries, vertical farming represents a pathway to overcome traditional agricultural challenges and create a more sustainable, efficient, and profitable farming enterprise. By harnessing the benefits of vertical farming, these farmers can contribute significantly to the local economy, local supply chain and food security.

J.M. and Marsh, J. (2022) How Africa can develop its own version of Vertical Farming, Agrilinks. Available at: https://agrilinks.org/post/how-africa-can-develop-its-own-version-vertical-farming

Vertical farming in Africa with Tower Farms (2022) Agrotonomy. Available at: https://agrotonomy.com/vertical-farming-in-africa-with-tower-farms/

Vertical Farming South Africa: 4 companies making a big impact (2022) Indoor Grow Farmer. Available at: https://indoorgrowfarmer.com/vertical-farming-south-africa/#:~:text=Vertical%20farming%20in%20South%20Africa,conditions%20to%20accommodate%20vertical%20farming.

B.Bugbee (2015) Why vertical farming won’t save the planet. www.youtube.com/watch?v=ISAKc9gpGjw&feature=youtu.be

Deel hierdie artikel.

These installations rely on soil, hydroponics, or substrate media to sustain plant life and are used where conventional gardening is impractical.

Main types include modular wall gardens with mounted containers, tower gardens with stacked columns, hanging systems using suspended pots or pouches, and hydroponic walls utilizing nutrient-rich water solutions.

Their modular structure allows integration into diverse settings, from residential interiors to large commercial buildings and urban agriculture initiatives, effectively maximizing green space in dense environments .

Title:

Content: The flower bed of perennials: the rules of creation, beautiful plants and their combinations
19.05.2022
12 min.
Landscape design
Registration of the yard of a private house is a mandatory stage.
The same is true for dachas: the time when these areas were intended only for growing crops has long passed into oblivion.
Now part of any adjacent territory is occupied by flower beds: large or small, high or low.
Most owners prefer to create beds from perennials.
Such a living decor transforms the garden, pleases and inspires the owners throughout the season.
If you follow the rules of creating flower beds, know the features of the placement of plants, then you can get a flower bed with perennials that will bloom continuously.
However, before starting work, future designers will have to learn a lot of useful information, as well as get acquainted with the schemes of spectacular flower beds from perennials.
Flowers from perennials: their pros and cons
The popularity of such compositions has won rightfully, since the planting of perennial flower crops guarantees:
• decorative flower beds throughout the season;
• the ability to grow medicinal plants on the site;
• unpretentiousness of plants due to the ability to tolerate low temperatures;
• ease of care: with proper planting, weed control is minimized;
• savings: gardeners do not have to spend annually on seeds or buy seedlings;
• the chance to create a flower garden in almost any part of the site: perennials are not so capricious, so they can grow in the shade, on sandy soil, in the lowland, etc.
The most important advantage of such compositions is their dynamism due to the change of flowering plants.
For the beds of spectacular perennials is very interesting to watch.
This occupation is unlikely to bore anyone, because throughout the season the flower picture will constantly change.
A successful scheme of perennial flower beds makes it possible not to make adjustments to the order of planting crops for a long time.
On the other hand, such a flower garden can be diversified by bright annual plants.
Disadvantages of incredibly colorful compositions are difficult to find.
A relative disadvantage can be considered a reduced decorativeness of flower beds after planting.
The reason is understandable: first, the root system of plants develops intensively.
However, the next year, flower beds from perennials will amaze their owners with lush flowering.
Flower beds with perennials: the choice of suitable plants
When searching for ideal candidates, take into account the location of the site under the flower garden, as well as:
• type of soil;
• degree of illumination;
• compatibility of plants by color and type.
One of the main tasks for the creator of a flower bed of perennial flowers is the selection of candidates according to their preferences, since all plants in the flower garden should be comfortable.
For example, marshy soil is suitable for arunkus (volzhanka), calamus marsh and verbeinika, kaluzhnitsa, milkweed, garden chamomile (nivyanika) and yarrow.
Fertile land loves the bell, liatrice, lily, lupine, mallow.
Dry soil will not become a threat to gailardia, cloves, cosmea (Mexican aster), lavender, phlox, enotera.
Clay and loam will not be a problem for the growth and flowering of aquilegia (catchment), asters, daylilies, peonies and tulips.
The degree of illumination of flower beds with perennials is the second important factor.
Shadow and penumbra are suitable conditions for aquilegia, anemones, astilba, badan, geyhera (with dark foliage), lily of the valley, cuffs, primrose, as well as for ferns and host.
Sun-loving "pets" include:
• Adonis;
• helenium;
• heliopsis;
• Delphinium;
• Kniphofia;
• bell;
• lavender;
• lily and lily;
• monarch;
• chrysanthemum;
• rudbekiya;
• yarrow;
• meadow sage.
As for the compatibility of candidates, all selected plants must meet the requirements for soil, light, watering and nutrition.
Be sure to take into account the size of crops, and the speed of their growth.
They are also selected by color scheme.
In this case, the combination is chosen by the designer: the colors can be both contrasting and complementary.
Features of creating long-term compositions
The development of a flowerbed scheme and the creation of a flower garden of continuous flowering is equated with art, and for good reason.
When designing it, it is necessary to take into account how the composition will look in a certain period of time.
The ideal in this case is one - a flower bed that blooms throughout the summer: flowering plants replace those whose buds are just beginning to bloom.
Planning of flower beds from perennials begins after the completion of zoning of the territory.
When creating a living decoration, pay attention to several important points:
1.
Plants are selected for climatic conditions in the area.
All “residents ” of the flower beds should be comfortable.
2.
Complex relief makes it possible to correctly enter the flower garden, the lack of the site to turn into its dignity.
3.
Plants are better planted less often than usual.
If most seeds germinate, the crops can interfere with each other.
Not all flowers are suitable for the abundance of sun.
Those plants that love shade, it is better to plant in a flower garden next to the shrub, at the fence, etc.
Drawing up a plan and scheme of beds from perennials
Independent development of a flower garden from perennials is not an easy task, since sketches will require a lot.
The author needs to imagine and capture on paper what the flower bed will look like in each short period of time.
Ideally, it should be a month.
What can not be forgotten?
Beginner designers need to remember that some cultures after flowering do not look the best.
An example is bulbous varieties.
In order for the flower garden not to lose its attractiveness during this period, other plants should close the withering foliage.
Annual or biennial plants are considered as candidates for this role.
There is another important point - the impression that a composition should make.
The flower garden, located in the center of the site, must look spectacular from any angle.
The flowerbed, which is located at the fence or wall of the building, should be attractive to viewers who are in the house, or walking along the garden paths.
Candidates are selected for growth.
Plants should not block each other throughout the season.
Taking care of them is another important condition.
The ideal option is a flowerbed, allowing easy access to each culture.
Only in this case, watering, pruning or garter will not be a serious problem.
Tried, ready-made flower bed schemes
Creating a spectacular flower bed for a novice gardener often becomes an extremely difficult task.
Therefore, they can begin to study this art by good examples.
These can be called the following schemes of flower beds from perennials.
Types of flower beds from perennials
The first task of the site owners is to choose the shape, size and type of the future composition.
There are a lot of options to choose from.
Monoflower beds or monochrome flower beds
These are the simplest options for flowerbeds.
Monoflowerbeds - "monochromatic flower beds", which consist of only one species of plants, sometimes one variety.
Popular flowers for them are azaleas, asters, marigolds, irises, cannes, lavaters, daylilies, petunias and salvia.
A typical, self-sufficient mono-flowerbed is the rosary.
For it, you can use both monochrome and multicolored varieties of roses.
Monochrome decor is a flower bed in which there are cultures of the same color or shade.
Both compositions can have any shape.
The most popular are square, diamond-shaped, round and oval flower beds.
In a monochrome case, it is important to select plants so that the flower garden is decorative throughout the season.
Ringed
Such flower beds encircle an object or object.
Examples are wood, sculpture, gazebo, etc.
In this case, the cultures are planted traditionally, picking them up in height.
Inside the flower beds have the highest, on the outer radius - the shortest plants.
Carpet
This unusual and spectacular decor is characterized by a very dense landing.
Ideal candidates for carpet beds are dwarf plants that have multi-colored foliage.
Eligible candidates:
• dwarf (styloid) phlox;
• sourness (oxalis, clover of happiness);
• Alternator dust cover;
• obrieta (aubretia), stonecrops (sedum);
• sushenitsa (gnafalium), santolina.
Carpet flower beds from perennials are not the simplest decor, so it can be rarely seen in suburban areas.
Such compositions are very difficult to create, and caring for them is extremely time-consuming work, because a living carpet should always look impeccable.
Elevated
This is the name of flowers that rise above the surface of the earth.
Their height is 50-100 cm, width is a maximum of 150 cm. These parameters guarantee that the care of plants will not cause difficulties.
Elevated beds are universal.
They can be round and oval, square, rectangular, polygonal or multi-level.
Such flower beds are ideal for any place of the adjacent territory: the choice largely depends on the characteristics of a particular site.
Fences for "elevated compositions" are made of various materials.
The boxes are constructed from:
• stone, brick;
• concrete, concrete blocks;
• rods, logs, boards, rails;
• from metal mesh (gabions), etc.
For planting in flower beds, located in partial shade or in the shade, suitable ageratum, marigolds, verbena, lionfish, petunia and hosts.
Decorative cereals are often found in elevated flower beds.
Examples of effective “residents ”:
• gray fescue;
• giant grass;
• miscanthus (fan);
• blue prayer (blue cereal);
• evergreen sheep (helictotrichon);
• pennisetum (bristles bristles or shaggy);
• pampas grass (cortaderia).
Elevated compositions, framed by natural stones, can turn into an unusual alternative to rock gardens.
The role of emphasis in such flower beds is played by dwarf conifers - pine, spruce, juniper, yew, thuja.
To level the "severity" of the stone, low-growing alpine cultures are planted near the fence.
Upright
These are three-dimensional compositions that are created using a rigid frame.
Vases with flowers are fixed on it.
Such flower beds can be a voluminous figure, a screen or an arch.
Vertical flowers-walls are often used for zoning the site.
Floating
These are improvised islands that either drift along the water surface, or are constantly located in a certain place of the reservoir.
Such floating flower beds with perennials are not too difficult to create.
For planting plants, a light, floating base is used - a container with cells.
Among the possible candidates are structures made of wood, plastic or foam.
Before creating a box of lumber, all workpieces must be treated with water-repellent impregnation.
If ordinary containers are used, then small holes are drilled in the bottom first.
Then the container is covered with geotextile so that the covered soil remains in the floating flower garden.
Buoyancy such a bright island will be able to give mounting foam applied to the bottom, or several pieces of foam.
The most original option is the use of noodles (aquanoodles, "swimming sticks").
Plants with a surface root system, or moisture-loving crops, are planted in containers.
Potential "waterfowl" candidates for aqua beds:
• calamus marsh;
• astilba;
• geyhera;
• marsh iris;
• calla;
• reed;
• swimsuit;
• daylilies;
• bluegrass;
• sedge;
• furry;
• sundew;
• formium;
• host;
• jasnotka (deaf nettle).
To fix the floating flower bed in any place, a cable and an anchor are used.
To hide unattractive sides, they are decorated with moss, which easily tolerates high humidity.
A very unusual, spectacular solution - island flower beds decorated with LED lights.
Other types of living decor
Flower beds from perennials can have different sizes, shapes and area.
Living ornaments are of several types.
Mountain compositions
This category includes rock gardens and rockeries.
In such elements of landscape design take part lithophytes (petrophytes) and representatives of inanimate nature - stones.
The main role in rock gardens (alpine slides) is assigned to rock plants.
In the more gentle rockeries (stone gardens), they are only an addition to the composition of rocks.
Curbs
Ribbon flower beds are very narrow flower beds that become a bright frame for pedestrian and garden paths, for large flower beds, beds, etc. The best candidates for creating a "living border" are short, unpretentious and hardy perennials.
The classic parameters of such curb tapes: width - up to 50 cm, height - up to 40 cm.
Rabatki
These are “narrow flower beds or flower beds. ”
We have rabatki called rectangular long flower beds, or wide wavy ribbons.
They are broken along walls, fences or garden paths.
They can be unilateral and bilateral.
Plants in such a correct “bed ” are planted in a certain order, fragments of the pattern are more often repeated.
The maximum width is 3 m. Its length is at least 3 times the width, but this parameter is not limited.
Modular flower beds
Such clearly defined compositions consist of repeating sectors, each of them receives its own fence.
The advantages of modular decor are the possibility of combining annuals and perennials, shrubs, as well as the “participation ” of decorative crumbs (for example, marble or granite).
Each sector may be intended for only one variety of plants or decor.
The main disadvantage of such modular “paintings ” is the large area that they take away from the site.
Mixborders
"Mixed borders" are complex flower beds that consist of several rows and tiers.
They can be located at the house, at the fence, or in the center of the lawn.
Ornamental perennial plants in them guarantee continuous flowering from spring to autumn.
They are supplemented with annual and biennial cultures.
Symmetry, orderliness in the mixborder is not, their peculiarity is naturalness.
However, compliance with tiredness is mandatory.
In the background are the tallest plants, and low-growing flowers serve as a frame for them.
The space between “giants ” and“ dwarfs ” is given to medium-sized cultures.
"Lonely" solitaires
The simplest solution is to create a small, but spectacular flower-solitaire.
This decoration consists of only one ornamental plant.
These compositions are placed in the most prominent places of the sites so that they are perfectly visible from all sides.
This solution is chosen if you plan to create a flower bed in a small summer cottage, or in the garden, where there is not too much free space.
This option is likely to appeal to those owners who prefer conciseness and restraint in landscape design.
The role of the solitaire will be performed by trees, perennial tall applicants.
The “singles ” include:
• Arunkus (Volzhanka, Darmera);
• birch bark;
• violist;
• Veronica;
• Delphinium;
• canna;
• lupine;
• Malva;
• rodgersia;
• rudbekiya;
• cimicifuga (klopogon);
• peony;
• sconnik purple;
• phlox.
Other worthy candidates for a single flower garden are ornamental cereals and herbs.
For example, the adornment of the soloist is able to become a pink-flowered veinik, meadow foxtail, miscanthus, prayer, haired mulenbergia, sand elimus (pyreinik), mane barley.
Selection of plants
For beautiful beds of perennials, perennial, annual and biennial plants can be used.
Other popular candidates are herbaceous plants and ornamental cereals, which can become the main accent of the composition.
Cultures blooming in spring
These are usually bulbous plants.
The best option is those crops that do not require digging after flowering.
For decorating flower beds suitable gabranthus, crocuses, muscari (viper onions), daffodils, chionodox, cyclamen.
Tuber and rhizome perennials - anemone, brunner, kaluzhnitsa, frost, erantis (spring).
The decoration of the flower garden can be Veronica, irises, primrose, phlox styloid.
Plants that bloom in summer
The list of these colors is very extensive, so you can cite only a small part of the candidates.
Summer flowering plants include astilba, verbeiniki, cloves, bells, lilies and daylilies, nivyaniki, stonecakes and rudbekii.
It is impossible not to mention the bright annuals, without which no elegant flower bed can do.
The list includes alissum, amaranth and summer varieties of asters, marigolds, lobelia, nasturtium, petunias, zinnia.
Dilute perennial plants can and biennial: viola, cloves, mallow, daisies, digitalis.
Cultures blooming in autumn
At this time, there is no longer enough summer, bright colors, but autumn-flowering perennials are able to transform a faded garden.
Bright autumn, the owners will be presented with anemones (windmills), timeless, hirkan Dubrovnik, heleniums, dahlias, goldenrod, bloodsuckers, octyabrinki (perennial autumn asters), rudbekii, chrysanthemums and fuchsia, cymicifugi.
Flower beds from perennials are able to transform the garden, bring a sense of celebration and inspire the owners to "new feats".
About what flower beds you can decorate the territory, the following video will tell:
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A primary benefit of indoor vertical gardens is their ability to purify air.

Title:

Content: Flower decor in the house
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Decorating with flowers is perhaps the most popular method of decorating the premises and garden.
The variety of colors in color, shape and size is simply innumerable.
There are also a variety of ways to decorate flowers.
A hedge of flowers, bright flower arrangements or bouquets in a nice vase - these and many other ideas can arise if you decide to decorate your home with flowers.
Let ’ s look at how we can decorate our home with flowers.
Winter garden
Sometimes it is so desirable that summer always reigns around us, evergreen plants grow and bright sun shines.
But the climatic conditions of our country, contrary to our wishes, suggest a smaller number of warm sunny days.
In any case, this is not a reason for frustration, because it is not in vain that winter gardens have been specially built in the premises for a long time.
For some, the winter garden is a composition of large plants in the corner of the hall or living room.
Of course, the collection of your favorite plants on the windowsill is your miniature winter garden.
But speaking the language of designers, a winter garden is much more difficult.
It requires a separate room, for example, a special room or glazed and insulated loggia.
It should be borne in mind that the arrangement of a full-fledged winter garden will require compliance with a number of conditions important for its existence: this is the humidity of the air, and the presence of a sufficient amount of sunlight, as well as the appropriateness and compatibility of the plants themselves.
Vertical gardening
Vertical landscaping, installation completed
RaStenia
Fashionable vertical gardening in the favorites of interior designers.
Such a living wall decorates the walls of solid offices, fashionable restaurants and has long taken root in the interiors of many apartments and houses.
The most spectacular flowers on the wall look in the living room, where they can take up more space.
No less harmonious it can look in the bathroom, giving the feeling of a tropical jungle, and in the bedroom, pacifying and giving fresh air for a comfortable sleep.
Vertical gardening is possible
Live flowers
An indispensable attribute of floral decor in the house are fresh flowers, or bouquets.
This method of decorating the house has its advantages:
- Firstly, you can always change the variety of colors of your bouquets;
- secondly, decorative bouquets smell nice and are able to give a chic fresh aroma;
- Thirdly, they do not require care in case you do not have the desire or opportunity to care for the flowers in the pots.
However, this method of decoration has its drawbacks: ripped flowers do not live long, which causes them to be sufficiently expensive for permanent use.
Flower decor as a continuation of the interior style
Flowers can be effectively used in the continuation of the style of the room.
Take for example vases, the widest selection of which is presented in the modern market.
And for each style, there is undoubtedly its own.
Fill it with your favorite colors and the interior of your home will sparkle with new colors.
Flowers in pots
Flowers in pots are perhaps the basic and simplest element of floral decor in the house.
Here everything depends on the individual preferences of the owner, and the modern market will definitely be able to offer flowers for every taste and budget.
In addition, a separate element of the decor can be considered flower pots, the choice of which is also infinitely large.
With a thoughtful selection, they will help add colors to evergreen plants and, conversely, dilute the brightness of abundantly flowering plants.
Separately, the types of flower pots are described in the article What are flower pots.
Flower arrangement in a pot
Creating compositions from plants in one pot is simple and at the same time original and creative.
To do this, it is enough to take several plants of different appearance and size and a large pot.
Fill the pot with expanded clay to half, and put the selected plants so that they do not protrude above the level of the pot.
Voids need to be filled with expanded clay, small stones or a ground-sand mixture.
It is important to remember that when choosing flowering indoor plants, they must be in harmony with the tones of curtains, upholstery, bedspreads and other textiles.
And the main thing to remember that flowers require care, only then, they will not only decorate the room, but also recreate a cozy atmosphere of warmth and life in your home.
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By absorbing carbon dioxide and filtering pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), plant-covered walls act as natural air filters, improving the overall air quality indoors.

This function is especially valuable in urban or poorly ventilated environments, where air quality concerns are more acute.

Title:

Content: What is Cornice Window
AlyonaChubukova
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The curtain window is an entire structure, significantly different from the usual window.
Cornice windows, as the rule, are located in the upper part of the facade of the house and become a single addition to a typical mancard a, unrestrained in the roof.
An undoubted advantage of a similar window is the maximum amount of light that passes through an unusual pattern, such as a blessing. The window is getting wider.
In the result from such a window at night opens to the view of the stars, and in the day - to the big sky.
The curtain windows are equipped with a combined opening system.
The innovative model of the hand allows you to open the window in two ways: folding and side.
The first opener will help to fix the facility in the context of testing.
The window of a similar view is usually equipped with a special castle, which fulfills the function of additional protection from the break.
NATURALITY AND ECOLOGY
Natural wood removal is the best solution for a country house.
It looks like a lot of wood in the kitchen.
Here, as we can see, she's in touch with the state.
The dark parts of the cuchonnogo garnituru are very similar to the natural color of the covered wood lacquer.
The cornice window connects the mancard and verticale windows.
They can be combined into blocks - to the beginning, to create an arched proem.
Both windows are usually made of different methods.
The first step is separate with the imposta between the windows.
The second is the way of unmediated union of friends with each other.
Smart glass pegorodok
teen girl 's room
Design studio Marina Geba
It is worth noting that in the Russian apartments and houses it is not possible to meet a curtain window, even if conditions allow it.
The reason for this is sufficient, and one of them is the weather conditions.
Here and in this room we see that the part of the wall and the roof has remained unreliable, not looking at what is really possible here. But there was a big window, or even two windows.
PVC material, laminated wood profiles and metal are used for the production of curtain windows.
The curtain window is mostly made of pine wood.
There's only a few layers of lacquer on the surface of this material.
It is worth noting that the curtain window combines in itself the advantages of the mancard and verticalnogo: the maximum visibility of the light is 50% and the visa review It's getting bigger.
Alternatives to the curtain window
As we can see, the curtain windows do not always live in private houses and apartments, and a lot of them have access to the amenities of a similar window.
By the way, some people have a balcony or a loggia in their own right.
The open balcony will pass the maximum light into the room, and the open balcony door will provide the necessary level of play.
It is important to understand that the curtain window has a certain deficiency (I want to say better - uniqueness) - this is a higher, double sentence a.
The upper part of the window is supported by atmospheric waters and numerous mechanical damages.
Therefore, special attention should be paid to hermetisation in the context of the establishment and additional protective mechanisms.
Simple kitchen in the penthouse
Modern and Bold Kitchen Diner
homify
It is obvious that the penthouse is equipped with framed windows, and such in this apartment is common.
Pay attention to the way they look at this simple, large kitchen.
It is literally created for a similar illumination, except for the fact that the constraction of the ceiling does not look wrong in this interior- the room of the family. In the corner, it contains a lot of furniture with an outer corner.
In the process of mounting the curtain ends, it is necessary to observe the accuracy of the junction of the mancard and vertical.
This is important because, when choosing a place of the junction, it is necessary to read the accessible angles of the slope and the height of the walls to the corner of the junction. Roofing ruckus.
It is also necessary to read the type of roofing, for example, under it select the appropriate charges from the steel and protective charges.
Fully glazed roof
A Garden Room Project
Deborah Warne Interiors Ltd
It's not always the window that looks like an optimal vent.
In some cases, if conditions permit, it is possible to build a full glass roof.
This is a significant increase in the amount of light that penetrates the room and opens the unauthorized access to the sun.
A single – similar situation can only be achieved in a suitable climate, as long as such a kategorichesky roof is not visible There are cold weather conditions.
For all of you, it seems like a simple window with a technical point of view.
Look, this is one of the reasons why there's so little self-promotion in the market.
The curtain window takes on itself a greater yaw of the encircling medium than the vertical-one, since it is not only covered by the wind, but also by the wind. Sometimes the flow of water escapes, and a layer of snow and ice lies on it.
Light bath
The maxim of the light is what we need!
The decision to mark the bathroom in the mancade under the curtain windows is completely reasonable.
The endless flow of the day light helps to effectively evaluate the external appearance.
Besides, it becomes clear how to get out of the street, as long as you're in the same room as you look in the forehead of the day.
Earlier, we talked about the fact that there was no easy way to see the window.
What is this curtain window with the technical point of view?
Before everything, it's the final frame.
Most of its production uses a harvested tree, which ensures the maximum length of the product.
The same is true for the purpose of hermetisation and heat preservation between time and time.
Besides wood, sometimes rams are made of plastic (PVC) or metal.
So is the story, when the frame was made of painted polyurethane and "warm" aluminum profile with plastic products.
I don't care about the cold.
This is a special constraction, suitable for the hermetic joint of the roof window.
The window is responsible for the hermetization of the window, because it serves as a system of water supply.
In the short classification, there are three types of storage: for large roofing materials (iron, copper, etc.), for wavy ones (cipher, metallocherpita, etc.) and for soft bitumen tiles and materials with a height of up to 8 mm.
Comfort and unity
What a sight to see this house in front of the palace!
The cornice window in the roof fits quite organically into the view of the house and seems very smart.
At night, the stars are clearly visible in it, and at day, the clear blue sky.
It's not easy to make a window like this, but it's completely true in the interior.
It is important to understand that special phyrniture is used for the curtain windows.
Each manufacturer's signature is his own.
But here we go.
The most simple variant: there is a hand and a lock that is operated by it, fixing the frame at one point, plus internal valves and friction valves.
It's a whole locking system.
By the time we get it, it's two to four points of lockdown.
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Common indoor plant species used in green walls, such as ferns and philodendrons, demonstrate a strong capacity for removing toxins, which leads to a healthier environment for building occupants .

Vertical gardens also help regulate indoor temperatures.

Acting as living insulation, these installations moderate indoor climates by reducing heat gain in summer through shading and evapotranspiration, while in winter, they offer extra insulation that helps retain interior warmth.

Title:

Content: Home as the world: a project with a Japanese garden
Juli Baker – homify
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Sophisticated interiors, mouth-watering shades, panoramic glazing and its own Japanese-style patio...
We knew that ANDREAS EDYE ARCHITEKTEN studio would give us pleasant surprises, but we did not know that it was so spectacular.
Home as a world is a project that captures your soul and defines your way of life.
It is amazing that the architect created cozy, truly home spaces based on modern solutions!
Such a house is an amazing example of how you can organize a strikingly pleasant place to live with fairly simple techniques!
The most important secrets of this house we can even reveal to you in our article.
Courtyard: Traditions and Innovations
A real patio is an Arab tradition that allows you to hide from the hot summer sun in the shade of your own building.
It is surrounded by four walls of the building and is organized in the form of a rectangle.
In this case, we see the courtyard in the Asian manner - some of the walls of the building cover it from the wind, and the rest of the role of perimeter design is occupied by multi-tiered green landings.
Japanese courtyards have several terraces on different sides, stone paths, small and cozy places to relax, as in this project.
In addition, it implements the idea of adding the “sixth season ” to the landscape due to pinkish momiji maples.
As you know, the period of staining their foliage in this color in Japan is officially considered the sixth time of the year.
The innovative part of this patio is a stunning panoramic glazing that allows you to use it and enjoy its view at any time of the year, in any weather and even from private rooms – a bedroom, a bathroom and a nursery on the second floor.
The most open to the beauty of nature and evening lighting is the living room with direct access to the main terrace through sliding doors.
 Constructive solutions
On the first floor, we see a cozy framing with partitions for the dining area of the group, as well as a terrace with a rectangular flower bed in the middle.
On the second floor, we found a remarkable partition for the balcony, which allows you to hide the drain for vacationers.
An enchanting and magical living room
Cracking logs in the fireplace, an amazing coffee shade of the walls and upholstered furniture and a carpet in modern Turkish style - a combination of Arabic ornaments and patchwork and ombre techniques make this interior truly expressive!
Practicality of Asian Influence
The staircase on a metal frame in the form of two guides is an Asian influence that made this house look more modern and brutal in its functionality.
The same can be said about the hallway area – a large rack of individual design reminds us of Japanese and Korean interiors.
 Heating and glazing
This house project is implemented in Germany, where the climate is quite cold.
In winter, night temperatures can drop to -15 degrees Celsius, but mostly stay around zero.
Built-in floor heating radiators - a technique, thanks to which you can beautifully arrange the area of panoramic glazing, which was done in the bedrooms of this house.
The heating system is quite standard - the boiler heats all the radiators in the house, including open and built-in floor.
By the way, it is the German built-in convectors that are famous throughout Europe for their excellent quality.
This technology made it possible to make the panoramic glazing look more modern and convenient to use in the area of sliding doors.
 Bedroom design
Surprisingly delicate and cozy bedroom design is based on a soft shade of coffee latte and floor decoration in the form of a parquet board.
In this room, like no other, you can feel the feeling of a real home, where you can find peace and quiet family happiness.
 Construction materials
The first floor of this house is made of brick and decorated with red decorative bricks.
The second is built on a frame wooden base and decorated with a facade board in natural color and horizontal format - a fashionable solution of this decade.
Interesting materials for you on homify:
– Modern house for a modern family;
– Design ideas for a stylish dining room.
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Contact us!
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This natural regulation reduces energy consumption and dependence on mechanical heating or cooling, offering a concrete sustainability advantage.

As a result, buildings with green walls often enjoy lower operating costs and improved occupant comfort .

Equally significant are the psychological benefits of living green walls.

Numerous studies and occupant reports link the presence of indoor greenery to reduced stress, improved mood, and increased productivity.

Green walls foster a restorative indoor environment, introducing natural elements that promote relaxation and well-being—an effect that is especially impactful in urbanized or otherwise artificial settings.

The connection to nature provided by vertical gardens reinforces the principles of biophilic design, enhancing overall occupant satisfaction .

The environmental advantages of vertical gardens extend beyond interior spaces.

Integrating green walls into urban architecture maximizes green area without increasing building footprints, combats the urban heat island effect, and supports biodiversity by providing habitats for beneficial insects and birds.

Efficient, often automated, irrigation systems help conserve water.

Furthermore, the dense planting in vertical gardens can improve urban soundscapes by acting as a barrier against noise pollution .

Proper maintenance is essential for the health and efficacy of green walls.

Routine care includes regular watering—usually managed with built-in irrigation—pruning to prevent overgrowth, pest and disease monitoring, and the periodic replacement of unhealthy plants.

Hydroponic systems require special attention to water quality and nutrient levels.

Automated irrigation and lighting controls can ease the maintenance burden, but successful installations require a consistent maintenance schedule to sustain both appearance and function .

Plant selection is a crucial factor in the design and long-term success of vertical gardens.

Title:

Content: How to equip the territory around a private house: "helpers" and solutions
18.05.2023
10 min.
Adjacent territory
All “freshly baked ” and even“ experienced ” owners of suburban housing have to think about the question of how to equip the territory around a private house.
The task before them is not easy, because its design depends on what impression will make the main building and the site as a whole.
Successful landscape design of the yard of a private house will not only make possession respectable, but will also be able to turn it into the most comfortable place, a real pride of the owners.
However, before getting down to business, future designers need to get acquainted with the rules of decorating the adjacent territory, with the decorative elements used and with interesting ideas.
Landscaping and landscape design
It seems that these are synonyms, but it is not quite so.
The improvement of the site implies only technical work.
These include paving paths and sites, the construction and installation of a fence, gates, as well as preliminary preparation of the territory (drainage, communications, landscaping, etc.).
Landscape design is a more complex project, so it requires more serious costs.
In this case, we can talk about creativity, since the author has to choose a lot of plants, pavements, and various decorative elements.
Usually, the improvement of the adjacent territory is the prerogative of the engineer, and the landscape design is engaged in a designer or architect.
However, if the entire front of the work is going to be performed by the owners of the suburban area, then they should become "masters of all trades".
And in this case, the task before them is almost impossible.
Yes, if the territory is not very large, then they are quite able to cope on their own.
Almost “boundless space ” and many different ideas are a good reason to invite specialists.
Making the yard of a private house with his own hands: large elements-assistants
Those who have just completed the construction of the house, the most difficult, as they have yet to decide what to be on their site.
In this case, you need to get acquainted with the elements that will help make the pastime of the owners pleasant, and the rest complete.
The list of worthy candidates can include:
• gazebo, ideal option - a structure with any hearth and furniture for eating, it can be open or closed;
• canopy, which often turns into a comfortable summer kitchen, and "part-time" - in the dining room in the fresh air;
• swimming pool: it can also be open or closed, protected by a simple canopy, an “advanced ” pavilion, etc.
For families with small children, the best option would be an adjacent territory with a playground.
Possible elements:
• slides;
• carousels;
• rocking chairs;
• swing;
• sandboxes;
• suspended bridges, etc.
Multifunctional complex "for parents' rest" can be bought, and you can make such a saving design yourself.
In a small homemade area can enter a slide, swing, sandbox and horizontal bar.
Landscaping and landscaping of the territory in front of a private house: sequence
To imagine what work “waits ” for them ahead, future designers need to get acquainted with its stages.
There are a lot of them:
• cleaning of the house and territory after construction (repair);
• its zoning, construction of auxiliary facilities (gazebo, swimming pool, pond, fence, etc.);
• creation of garden paths, sites (paving stones, paving slabs,
• rubber coating for playgrounds);
• acquisition and delivery of fertile land, sand, gravel and fertilizers, the creation of a drainage system for the site;
• planting large plants and assembling decorative structures for gardening (arches, hedges, pergolas, trellis);
• creation of a lawn, flower beds (flower beds, rock gardens, rockeries, mixborders, etc.), planting stunted trees and shrubs.
The last stages are the design of children ’ s and / or sports grounds, recreation areas, installation of lighting devices and decorative elements.
Improvement of the territory of a private house: the first steps
It is not necessary to be a designer to create a paradise on earth in miniature.
In search of inspiration and good examples, you can:
• find special literature on the improvement of the territory at a private house;
• watch on TV programs dedicated to the landscape design of the adjacent territory.
Finally, you can just go to the Internet to find very successful, cute solutions that can be transferred to “your own soil ”.
Designing
From which side to approach the arrangement of the adjacent territory of a private house?
This question is not idle, because many owners do not even have an idea of   where to start such large-scale work.
The answer is simple: the first mandatory stage in almost any business is the preparation of a plan, a project.
In this case, its authors take into account several factors:
• relief of the territory;
• size and configuration of the site;
• availability of buildings, sites, pedestrian zones;
• location of the house and other buildings, trees, shrubs, etc.
To a greater extent, the choice of design option depends on the relief of the adjacent territory.
Not very serious drops will give a chance to relatively "painless" and quickly level the surface.
Otherwise, serious costs cannot be avoided.
A possible way out in such a situation is the creation of terraces with the help of retaining walls, stairs, etc.
These elements are often constructed of stone (gabions) or brick.
A large house area makes it possible to make real everything that its owners want to see at home.
And on the contrary: a modest plot is a reason to choose only what is extremely necessary for the family, but in this case, the owners have several solutions.
Adjustments to the layout can make the type of soil and too high level of groundwater.
The fact is that such a problem area may require an effective drainage system.
The adjacent territory should not only please the eye, but also be functional, as convenient and “friendly ” as possible, and for all family members without exception.
Therefore, when planning a yard near a private house, they are always interested in the opinion of each household and, if possible, take into account all his wishes.
Functions of the adjacent territory
First of all, the authors need to determine exactly which zones will be more attractive to all family members.
There are several potential options.
The owners can consider the following “candidates ”:
1.
Recreation area.
Most often it is located near a natural or artificial reservoir.
There is often installed a barbecue (barbecue, grill, simple brazier, etc.).
2.
Area given to plants.
Potential residents of the site are fruit trees, berry shrubs, thermophilic crops (greenhouse) or flowers (greenhouse).
3.
Areas designed for active recreation.
Here you can rightfully include the pool (inflatable, frame, concrete, brick, block), sports and children's playground.
In order to maximize the improvement of the territory around the private house, many owners build extensions to the main building.
Some owners prefer open verandas, others - terraces.
The latter objects can be located separately, away from the house: for example, on a natural elevation.
Possible location of zones
Even in a spacious adjacent territory, there may not be enough space for everything that the owners would like to build or equip.
In this case, there are several exits:
1.
If there is a lack of space in the suburban area, then several zones can be combined.
For example, a recreation area may be located next to fruit trees.
It can turn into a dining room.
2.
Veranda, terrace - structures that by default become landscaped places, under or without a roof.
However, some functions can take on even a relatively spacious porch.
There you can arrange a small recreation area.
The third potential option is very compact functional areas.
Potential elements of improvement of the territory of a private house
There is a lot of such decor, but it should be noted only those “man-made creatures ” that can be found in almost any area:
1.
A variety of compositions and decorations from plants - flower beds, hedges, pergolas, etc.
2.
Garden paths, paths.
They can be considered as separate decorative elements, but they are also demarcators of different areas of the yard.
For their improvement, natural stones and paving slabs (paving stones), pebbles, small gravel are used.
The most short-lived option would be a path made of tree cuts.
Not very tall plants are often used to fence pedestrian zones.
Other popular elements of landscape design include arches, swings, small fountains, fences, garden furniture, ceramic products for growing plants and garden figures.
Separately, it is necessary to mention the lighting devices that transform the adjacent territory in the dark.
They help to highlight its functional areas, paths and paths.
Autonomous LED lights become an ideal illumination for plants, decorative elements, fountains and ponds.
What should be on the site plan?
When working on the layout of the territory of a private house, the sketch must note:
• all buildings on the site, including those that are attached to the building;
• capital pools, which will require laying of pipes;
• compositions of plants and stones (rock gardens, rockeries);
• natural or artificial reservoirs (ponds);
• places for planting shrubs and trees;
• garden paths and platforms;
• places for future beds.
The plan should be marked fences, lighting and decorative elements.
Design stages
A beautiful adjacent territory in the future almost guarantees an appeal to professionals.
On the other hand, only the owners can take into account every detail, create a unique ensemble, make it as convenient, unique, non-standard.
Development of a design project of a suburban area consists of several stages:
1.
First of all, the plan is applied to those objects that are already available "in real".
Then add all the elements that the owners only plan to build.
First they mark the main building, then additional buildings.
It is a bath, swimming pool, gazebo, garage, greenhouse, terrace, etc.
2.
If the recreation area does not yet exist, then the central part of the adjacent territory is more often chosen for it.
However, a large area makes it possible to arrange it at a distance from the house: for example, in the shade of trees, near the (future) reservoir, at the maximum distance from the entrance gate.
3.
After the completion of these stages, they proceed to the definition of territories that will be given for planting, and places for an artificial reservoir.
Since we are talking about flower beds, in this case it is necessary to take into account that plants need certain conditions (light or shadow, protection from strong wind, etc.).
The swimming pool will require communications.
Last of all, they are developing a lighting project for the site.
The main objects include the entrance to the house (porch, veranda, terrace), garage gate.
In addition, often illuminate decorative elements, spectacular trees, stairs and paths.
Registration of the adjacent territory of a private house
In this case, there are quite a few ways.
Without some "decorators" does not do any suburban area, others are less common.
Live jewelry
Landscaping of the adjacent territory is considered one of the most important stages of its improvement.
Different types of plants are used for it - trees and various shrubs, flowers, ornamental cereals, etc. Possible decorations of the site - numerous spectacular flower beds, hedges, lawns, etc.
The most attractive for most owners engaged in gardening of the garden are spectacular "many-sided" flower beds, elevated alpine slides and more concise, high and strict stone gardens.
When decorating the territory with plants, be sure to pay attention to the combination of their colors, the height and flowering period.
In addition, several other important features of cultures are taken into account.
This is the period of their life (annual, biennial, perennial), thermophilicity or the ability to withstand the cold in winter, as well as the requirements for the conditions for growth and development - to the place (sun, shade), watering, soil, etc.
Varieties of flower beds
There are a lot of such compositions.
Among the popular applicants:
• Alpine slides and rockeries (stone gardens);
• monoflowerbeds (one culture, the color can be different);
• monochrome flower beds (different flowers, inflorescences of the same color or one, close shade).
Other popular varieties of living decor are arabesques, borders, rabatki, mixborders and modular flower beds that require a relatively large area.
Possible green decor
In landscape design, various decorative containers are actively used - cones, cubes, vases and flowerpots.
For “life ” they are suitable:
• conifers (their dwarf varieties);
• thermophilic plants (brugmansia, camellia, citrus fruits);
• various herbs (lavender, marjoram and thyme, rosemary, savory).
Recently, vertical gardening is gaining popularity.
This is the name of a composition consisting of a supporting element and plants.
The support for such a spectacular decoration can be an arch, a fence, a grid, a wall, a column, a grid, a trellis and even a dry tree.
More often, climbing plants are used for these structures.
The same type of living decoration includes hanging compositions, for which various containers are used (vases, pipes, containers).
Potential crops for vertical gardening:
• Actinidia colomicta and grapes (Amur, maiden);
• sweet peas and caprifol (honeysuckle), clematis;
• Chinese lemongrass, nasturtium and climbing rose;
• pumpkin and beans (decorative), hops ordinary.
Plants can be annual or perennial.
The optimal solution is considered a combination of these cultures, since annuals make a variety, bloom lush, bright and relatively long.
If there is a natural or artificial reservoir on the site, then moisture-loving plants are often planted on its banks.
The frame for it can be astilba, brunner, mountain snake (snake), darmera, verbeinik, garden geranium, creeping zhivuchka, marsh kaluzhnitsa, Siberian iris, sedge, fern or host.
Organization of places for rest
It must be said that this zone is one of the most important zones that makes rest pleasant, relaxing, useful.
And in this case, the leaders of sympathy are several applicants.
Arbor
Such small but functional buildings can be open or closed.
The first structures are used only in the warm season, the second can serve the owners all year round.
Some gazebos have a rather modest size, they are designed for 5-6 people.
Other buildings can accommodate up to 18-20 vacationers.
Inside each structure there are chairs (benches) and a table.
Mangal zone
The most popular option is a protected hearth located under a canopy or in a gazebo.
However, there are also “fire zones ” left under the open sky.
To ensure the safety of holidaymakers, the space near the grill (grill, barbecue, stove) laid out non-combustible material.
To protect the floor, paving, porcelain tiles are often used, for walls - brick, clinker (terracotta) tiles, etc. As a rule, any focus is located at a considerable distance from trees and shrubs.
Water objects
Swimming pools are built or purchased for recreation on hot days.
Small reservoirs (ponds, fountains, waterfalls) give a chance to find "reservoirs" in miniature, even in areas of modest area.
They can be an ornament, but any water source can solve several problems.
Water bodies increase the humidity of the air, level (visually) not quite perfect relief, and also serve as drainage with excess moisture in the area.
Swings
This attribute of country life is no less popular.
Garden swing can be seen in almost every area.
They allow you to relax, read or sleep comfortably.
Such designs are easiest to buy, but they can be assembled with their own hands.
No doubt, on how to equip the territory around a private house, no one will tell better than someone who has been doing it for a long time.
For example, a useful and very informative guide can be the following popular video:
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improvement of the adjacent territory
How to arrange the area around a private house

Suitable indoor species are chosen for their adaptability to varying light, humidity, and temperature conditions.

Hardy, shade-tolerant varieties such as ferns, pothos, philodendrons, spider plants, and maidenhair ferns are common, largely due to their air-purifying properties and low maintenance requirements.

For outdoor or sunlit installations, drought-tolerant or Mediterranean species are appropriate, especially in hot or arid climates.

Edible plants—including herbs like basil, mint, and parsley, as well as lettuces and strawberries—are increasingly popular in both residential and commercial settings, combining aesthetic and practical value .

Designers must match plant species to the intended environment for optimal results.

Low-light tolerant species respond best in shaded interiors, while sun-loving and hardy varieties suit high-illumination or outdoor exposures.

The modularity of most vertical garden systems simplifies future plant replacement or system updates, allowing flexibility as conditions change or new objectives (like edible production or increased biodiversity) arise .

In summary, vertical gardens are versatile architectural features offering substantial benefits.

They improve air quality, regulate temperature, and enhance mental well-being indoors, while also supporting urban sustainability through water conservation, habitat creation, and noise reduction.

Successful implementations rely on thoughtful design, precise plant selection, and diligent maintenance.

As such, vertical gardens represent a convergence of aesthetic appeal, environmental responsibility, and human health in contemporary sustainable design .