Additives in salmon feed play a central role in modern aquaculture, directly impacting the quality, safety, and nutritional profile of farmed salmon.

Stringent regulatory frameworks exist in major producing countries to oversee the use and safety of these additives.

This report summarizes the types of additives used in salmon feeds, their purposes, associated health concerns, details on less common additives, and the regulatory standards in key salmon-producing regions, specifically Norway, Chile, Scotland, Canada, and the United States.

**Types of Salmon Feed Additives and Their Purposes**

Salmon feed contains various categories of additives, each serving specific functions.

The primary ingredient groups are protein sources, oils, vitamins and minerals, color pigments, and functional (non-nutritional) additives.

Fishmeal and fish oil are traditional protein and energy components that supply essential amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Increasingly, plant-based alternatives, particularly soy protein, wheat gluten, and corn gluten meal, have been introduced to reduce environmental pressure on marine resources and to improve sustainability.

Protein additives are essential for the rapid growth and muscle development of farmed salmon, but a heavy reliance on fishmeal raises concerns about marine ecosystem impact and contaminant accumulation.

Oils in salmon feed—historically dominated by fish oil—deliver energy and omega-3 fatty acids, which are key to human health.

The partial replacement of fish oil with plant-based vegetable oils (such as canola) addresses sustainability and cost efficiency but may reduce the omega-3 content in final fillet products.

Vegetable oils can also introduce new residues or allergenic compounds.

High dietary oil can sometimes affect fish health, causing fatty liver or altered flesh composition.

Vitamins and mineral premixes are routinely added to guarantee nutritional adequacy, supporting metabolic processes, immune health, and bone formation.

Common additions include vitamins C, E, B-complex, zinc, selenium, and iron.

Over- or under-supplementation can lead to nutrient imbalances, compromised fish health, or residual accumulation in the edible tissue, though with adherence to regulated limits, such risks are uncommon.

Trace contaminants, if present in mineral additives, are a health concern that regulatory oversight aims to minimize.

Pigments, most notably the carotenoid astaxanthin, confer the distinctive pink flesh that consumers expect, mimicking wild salmon.

While astaxanthin is generally considered safe, some consumers express concerns about the use of synthetic versus natural sources, particularly regarding potential allergic reactions or residue levels.

However, regulatory bodies carefully define safe limits for such pigments in feed.

Functional additives, such as probiotics, prebiotics, beneficial yeasts, and enzymes, represent a growing field.

These are added to enhance nutrient absorption, strengthen immune response, and promote a healthy gut microbiota.

The expectation is that such additives can reduce reliance on antibiotics by fostering disease resistance, though more conclusive studies are still needed.

Health concerns regarding functional additives generally center on the novelty of the ingredient and the potential for microbial imbalance, but regulatory agencies only approve those demonstrated to be safe for long-term consumption and environmental release.

**Uncommon and Innovative Additives**

Salmon feed innovation now includes trial use of alternative proteins.

These include mesopelagic fish (midwater species), algae, and farmed insects, particularly researched in Norway and increasingly elsewhere.

These alternatives are studied for their potential to improve sustainability and reduce ecological impact.

Algae and insect meal may offer unique fatty acid profiles and micronutrients, yet there is limited data on allergenic potential or bioaccumulation of environmental toxins.

Regulatory agencies require new feed ingredients to undergo rigorous safety assessments before approval.

**Health Concerns Associated with Salmon Feed Additives**

Each additive category carries distinct potential risks:
- Fishmeal and fish oil can accumulate environmental contaminants (heavy metals, dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls) that may persist in the flesh and be ingested by consumers.

To minimize this, ingredient sources are screened and maximum residue limits are regulated.

- Plant proteins may introduce pesticide residues or phytic acid, which can affect nutrient absorption.

- Synthetic pigments like astaxanthin are regulated for residue limits in edible tissue; improper dosing can result in off-coloration or possible allergenic reactions, though documented incidence is rare.
- Vitamins and minerals in excess or imbalance may cause toxicity, but regulation and typical industry practice keep these risks minimal.
- Functional additives (probiotics/enzymes) must not disrupt native gut flora or introduce resistant microorganisms.

Only strains with proven safety profiles are permitted.
- Historic concerns about the use of antibiotics or hormones are addressed through strict regulatory bans or severe restrictions in nearly all major production countries.

**Regulation and Standards in Key Producing Nations**

Regulatory frameworks differ slightly but share core features: pre-market approval, residue limits, and ongoing surveillance.

In Norway, the world’s leading salmon producer, regulatory oversight involves scientific evaluation and approval of all feed additives.

Trials with new ingredients like insects or algae are required to demonstrate safety for fish, consumers, and the environment.

Norway enforces strict limits on contaminant residues and controls antibiotic use.

China, another major aquaculture nation, is moving to reduce wild fish inputs in feed and encourages compound feeds under national policy.

In Scotland, salmon feed additive regulation currently follows the UK’s Animal Feed Legislation, which mirrors previous European Union rules.

Approval and scientific risk assessments are conducted by the UK Food Standards Agency in consultation with the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).

Scotland recognizes Codex Alimentarius standards, which stipulate permissible additive types, residue limits, and good feed practices.

In Canada, Health Canada evaluates and approves all feed additives for aquaculture on the basis of safety to animals, humans, and the environment.

The Canadian Food Inspection Agency monitors compliance and enforces correct feed use.

Qualified health claims are permitted if additives are proved safe and effective.

In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is the main authority.

The FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine reviews new feed additives, especially those with novel health or environmental effects.

The process may treat some new additives as animal drugs, requiring studies of safety and efficacy.

The regulatory review can be lengthy; the FDA has recently encouraged innovation to facilitate evaluation of new ingredients.

**Conclusion**

The additives used in salmon feed are essential for maximizing fish health, growth, and product quality, while downsizing dependency on marine resources and aligning with environmental stewardship.

Each major additive group brings a specific function and set of health risks, mostly mitigated through comprehensive regulation.

Alternative proteins and functional additives represent promising advances, but each innovation is assessed for safety by national regulators.

Regulations in Norway, Scotland/UK, Canada, and the USA involve premarket approval, residue monitoring, and coordinated oversight by food safety authorities to protect consumer health.

As global aquaculture continues to innovate, transparency and regulatory vigilance remain vital to sustain consumer confidence and public health.

Additives in salmon feed play a central role in modern aquaculture, directly impacting the quality, safety, and nutritional profile of farmed salmon.

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China Works to Get Wild-Caught Fish Out of its Aquaculture Feed

[By Zhang Chun]

A 2021 Chinese government initiative to stop aquaculture feed being made from only young or low-value fish and to instead start producing “compound feed” – mixed with ingredients harvested from the land – is opening up a greener future for the sector.

According to the Ministry of Agriculture, in a series of trials last year, the sole use of low-value “feed-grade” fish as aquaculture feed was reduced by 77 percent, and by as much as 94 percent in farming of largemouth bass. Experts say the switch to compound feed could see overall use of feed-grade fish slashed by half for farming of certain species.

What is compound feed?

Compound feed normally contains a mixture of animal- and plant-based ingredients, and added nutrients such as vitamins. For aquaculture feeds containing fishmeal and fish oil, common additives include soy proteins, wheat gluten and corn gluten meal.

Feed-grade fish are those in a catch that are small, low in commercial value, or unsuitable for human consumption. They are sent to be processed into fishmeal and fish oil, or fed directly to farmed fish. But a significant proportion of feed-grade fish consists of juveniles of commercially important species. Once caught they can no longer grow into adult fish and breed, or be caught and sold on the market. Their removal damages ocean food chains and ecosystem stability.

The last decade and more has seen increased calls for China to tackle the use of feed-grade fish in aquaculture, but the current round of trials is the first organised by the Ministry of Agriculture. It focuses on species such as the yellow croaker, Japanese sea bass and largemouth bass, which tend to be fed more feed-grade fish. While those species don’t account for much of China’s fed aquaculture output, they do require much more protein than others to put on the same amount of weight. Compound feed cuts down on the use of fish by substituting vegetable alternatives, and is cheaper.

In the long term, sustained reductions in the use of fishmeal and fish oil in feed will be necessary to protect wild fisheries.

Aquaculture driving feed-grade fish catch

Fishers never used to set out to catch feed-grade fish; it was bycatch, with no economic value. Then in the 1980s, global aquaculture took off. “There was a lot of need for fishmeal and oil,” Rashid Sumalia, a fisheries researcher at the University of British Columbia, told China Dialogue. People started going out “purposely to catch them at distance, because there was a market”, he added.

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO’s) 2020 global fisheries and aquaculture report, the use of fish for reduction to fishmeal and fish oil peaked in 1994 at 30 million tonnes, and stood at 18 million tonnes by 2018. Another 4 million tonnes were used elsewhere, including directly in feed for aquaculture, livestock and fur animals.

It wasn’t until the mid and late 1990s that aquaculture took off in China. The FAO’s 1998 fisheries and aquaculture report describes how rare it was for fish catches in Asia to go unused or be used as aquaculture feed. But in Asia, particularly in China and Vietnam, aquaculture has expanded rapidly and the region now accounts for almost 90 percent of global output. In China, output tripled between 1998 and 2020, to represent 60 percent of the global total.

Although many of the species farmed in China need little or no feed, fed fish and crustacean aquaculture accounts for half of output and requires millions of tonnes of feed-grade fish from Chinese waters alone. China does not currently have statistics on its feed-grade fish catch or use in fed aquaculture. One study calculated that in 2016 4.6 million tonnes of feed-grade fish were caught, 35 percent of the total recorded catch in China’s waters, and most was used directly as feed.

“The state is certainly aware of the problem,” said Fang Qing, China general manager for the Aquaculture Stewardship Council, adding that the difficulty in banning some harmful types of fishing gear in China is due to the ongoing market for the feed-grade fish it brings in. Since 2018, China has put minimum size limits in place for 15 commercial fish species, and ruled that feed-grade fish catch would drop to below 20% by 2020. There is no data available indicating whether this target was met.

This it isn’t just a Chinese problem. According to a 2017 study by the University of British Columbia, many countries, including the US and Norway, use feed-grade fish directly as feed. But the practice increased significantly in Asia between the 1990s and 2010, with feed-grade fish coming to account for a high percentage of landed catches.

Replacing feed-grade fish

In early 2019, the Ministry of Agriculture announced it would work to make Chinese aquaculture more environmentally friendly, and proposed the use of compound feed instead of purely fish-based feed. In April 2021, several provinces started trials of compound feed as part of more concrete action plans.

Compound feed for aquaculture is usually a mix of fishmeal, fish oil, wheat flour, soybean meal, vegetable oil and other land-grown ingredients. The amount of fishmeal and fish oil needed depends on the type of fish to be fed, and its stage of growth. According to Fang Qing, carnivorous fish such as the yellow croaker need huge quantities of meat protein at certain stages in their growth, and the relationship between particular nutrients and the growth and physiology of the fish can be complex. Hence, producing appropriate compound feed involves a lot of research and development.

To quantify how efficiently a species is farmed, the aquaculture industry uses a ratio called Fish in:Fish out (FIFO). The closer the FIFO is to 1, the more fish meat is produced per unit of input; a score of 1 means an extra kilogram of fish used as feed results in an extra kilogram of fish to harvest.

A study published in 2020 shows a FIFO of almost 1 for salmon and trout, thanks to the use of compound feeds which require less fishmeal and fish oil. If only fish were used to feed those species, the FIFO figure would be similar to that of the yellow croaker – over 6, according to an upcoming paper co-authored by Zhang Wenbo, an assistant professor in the College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University. His research into conventional yellow croaker aquaculture in China found that the direct use of feed-grade fish is still the best option for the yellow croaker farmers. But Fang Qing told China Dialogue that a lot of feed-grade fish fed to yellow croaker goes uneaten, and ends up sinking to the seabed or rotting, causing pollution and increasing the risk of disease.

More compound feed use would help reduce FIFO numbers in two ways: by cutting use of feed-grade fish, and by increasing conversion ratios – that is, generating more fish growth per unit of feed.

Zhejiang is taking the lead in both those areas. Since 2016, the province has been shutting fishmeal factories during the closed season and restricting the percentage of feed-grade fish in the overall catch. This, combined with the use of compound feed, saw Zhejiang cut the use of feed-grade fish by 835,000 tonnes across 710,000 mu (474 square kilometres) of aquaculture farms during the 13th FYP period (2016-2020). “Previously, feed-grade fish were the primary feed for largemouth bass in Zhejiang. These last two years that’s almost all been replaced with compound feed.” The FIFO ratio for farmed largemouth bass in Zhejiang could come down to 1.5, half the national average for this species, according to 2016 calculations Zhang Wenbo contributed to.

But cutting back on feed-grade fish use in China won’t be easy. Fishers catch a wide range of fish with a wide range of gear. At the local level there is a lack of fisher associations that can impose rules on the sector, making management tricky. Zhejiang’s success can be ascribed to strong local regulations. “There are no successful [international] examples that China can apply,” said Fang Qing. Alongside legislation to bolster oversight of the feed-grade fish catch, he also suggests developing feeds which will be more palatable to fish, and labelling products according to their use of feed-grade fish or compound feed, so consumers can make an informed choice.

Increasing the efficiency of fish inputs

The use of compound feed isn’t the end of the story. At least for now, fishmeal and fish oil are essential ingredients in those feeds. And while the global supply of fishmeal and fish oil has fallen from its peak in 2000 to a fairly stable level, the demand for aquaculture feeds has been increasing. That requires the development of feeds containing less meal and oil.

Plans announced by Norway to boost salmon farming have led to concerns about the supply of fishmeal and fish oil as well as vegetable ingredients. The country has started researching the use of mesopelagic fish (which inhabit the middle depths of the ocean), algae and farmed insects to meet that need and make feed more efficient. A more complete solution would be to develop entirely vegetarian feeds, with no fishmeal at all. However, as things stand that would only be suitable for a few species.

“Fishmeal is the most expensive of the ingredients found in bulk feeds. Reducing the amount in those feeds is the best way to make them cheaper,” Zhang Wenbo points out. A tonne of fishmeal costs around 10,000 yuan (US$1,500), compared to 1,000–4,000 yuan for bran or soybean meal, he added. “Feed conversion ratios are also affected by the type of aquaculture, the make-up of the feed, and genetic selection – the breeding of strains more suited to compound feeds,” he said. This is more difficult in China, with its wide range of farmed species, than in Norway, where salmon dominates. But progress is still being made, and associated targets have been set in the 14th Five Year Plan (2021–25).

Increasing the efficiency of fishmeal and fish oil use in China will also ease global pressures on the supply and help protect juvenile fish. China is the world’s biggest consumer of fishmeal, with the largest part being used in aquaculture, and the second largest being fed to pigs. But the country only produces 400,000–700,000 tonnes of fishmeal a year – not even close to meeting domestic demand. Fishmeal imports have held steady since 2017, at about 1.4 million tonnes, but jumped to 1.82 million tonnes in 2021, with experts ascribing the change to the recovery in pig farming. The extra fishmeal came from the Americas and elsewhere in Asia.

Zhang Wenbo explains that China’s fishmeal and fish oil imports come from forage fish, caught specifically to be turned into fishmeal, and Peru is the main supplier. Relatively little of China’s fishmeal is made from feed-grade fish. “Imports of by-product processed fishmeal from Vietnam and Thailand have been increasing in recent years,” he said.

Minimizing the feed-grade fish catch

Cutting back on the use of feed-grade fish is good for the sustainable development of both wild fishing and aquaculture. It will also help protect already vulnerable ocean ecosystems. In 1959, fishing vessels in China’s Bohai Sea caught 420 kg of fish per net for every hour they worked. By 1993, that had fallen to 30 kg, and only 8 kg between 1998 and 2011. The above-mentioned research into China’s feed-grade fish catch found that a long-term stable total catch has masked trends including falling biomass and changes in end use.

The losses to biodiversity and ecological services cannot be measured in financial terms, and the fishing industry needs more than simply output. Wang Songlin, president and founder of the Qingdao Marine Conservation Society, believes the industry needs to work towards a balance of ecological, economic and social benefits. He told China Dialogue that even if total catch may still be the same by volume, the underlying destruction to the integrity of ecosystems and the environment should not be ignored.

Management of the sector in China has acquired a new ecological focus. Alongside the use of compound feeds, some provinces are providing fishery stewardship subsidies for the protection of rare and endangered species and for keeping down feed-grade fish catch volumes.

Protecting juvenile fish isn’t just a matter for China – it’s crucial for ocean ecosystems around the world. Rashid Sumalia said: “If you look at the economies and the ecology at the higher level, you don’t want to [catch feed-grade fish] because the losses are too high” to be sustainable. Sumalia acknowledges that many people rely on that fishing for their livelihoods but says: “We need to take it down as far as we can.”

Zhang Chun is a senior researcher at China Dialogue. This article appears courtesy of China Dialogue Ocean and may be found in its original form here

The opinions expressed herein are the author's and not necessarily those of The Maritime Executive.

Stringent regulatory frameworks exist in major producing countries to oversee the use and safety of these additives.

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Emulsifier Market: 35% of Growth to Originate from APAC, Driven by Growing Demand from the Bakery & Confectionery Segments - Technavio

·15 min read

NEW YORK, Sept. 9, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- The emulsifier market size is set to grow by USD 3.14 billion from 2021 to 2026 progressing at a CAGR of 6.68% as per the latest forecast report by Technavio. 35% of the market's growth will originate from APAC during the forecast period. China and India are the key markets for emulsifiers in APAC. Market growth in this region will be faster than the growth of the market in other regions. European is another major region showing market growth. The growth of the regional market is primarily driven by the wide range of applications of emulsifiers in various industries, such as dairy, bakery, confectionery, and cosmetics. For more highlights on the regional segment - Request a Free Sample Report

Emulsifier Market - Scope of the Report

The emulsifier market covers the following areas:

Emulsifier Market - Market Dynamics

Major Driver -

  • The key factor driving growth in the emulsifier market is the growing demand from the bakery and confectionery segments.

  • When producing baked goods, the quality must be uniform. To achieve this, the dough must be stabilized before baking. Bakery and confectionery product manufacturers tend to use emulsifiers in most of their products to achieve viscosity. This prevents any damage to products during transportation and handling. There are a wide variety of emulsifiers available in the market

  • Product innovations in artisanal bread, cakes, pastries, and frozen baked goods are driving growth prospects in the bakery and confectionery segments. Emulsifiers act as functional additive that provides benefits during the processing and storage of chocolates and sugar confectionery. Thus, the benefits associated with emulsifiers in the bakery and confectionery segments will drive the growth of the global emulsifier market.

Major Challenge -

  • The stringent government regulations on using emulsifiers in food and beverage products will be a major challenge for the emulsifier market during the forecast period.

  • Stringent regulations are laid down across the world concerning the usage of emulsifiers in food and beverage products. Various government bodies in different countries frame standards that need to be followed by food and beverage manufacturers, including food emulsifier manufacturers.

  • Complying with all these different regulations is an uphill task for manufacturers of emulsifiers and food and beverages. Any deviation from the guidelines related to labeling or the maximum permissible limits as specified by regulatory bodies will have a negative effect on the company's brand image in the market and result in product recalls, thereby incurring huge monetary losses for the company. Thus, such stringent regulations will hamper the growth of the global emulsifier market.

To know more about the market dynamics - Request a FREE Sample Now!

Emulsifier Market - Vendor Analysis

The emulsifier market is fragmented and the vendors are deploying growth strategies such as launching new products to compete in the market.

  • Akzo Nobel NV

  • Archer Daniels Midland Co.

  • BASF SE

  • Cargill Inc.

  • Clariant International Ltd.

  • Corbion NV

  • Evonik Industries AG

  • Gujarat Enterprise

  • Ingredion Inc.

  • Kerry Group Plc

  • Koninklijke DSM NV

  • Lonza Group Ltd.

  • Palsgaard A/S

  • Puratos Group NV

  • Solvay SA

  • Spartan Chemical Co. Inc.

  • The Dow Chemical Co.

  • The Lubrizol Corp.

  • Stepan Co.

  • To know about vendor offerings - Click Now!

The competitive scenario provided in the Emulsifier Market report analyzes, evaluates, and positions companies based on various performance indicators. Some of the factors considered for this analysis include the financial performance of companies over the past few years, growth strategies, product innovations, new product launches, investments, growth in market share, etc. Don't wait, Make a strategic approach & boost your business goals with our Emulsifier Market Forecast Report - Buy Now!

Related Reports:

  • The coating additives market share is expected to increase by USD 3.56 billion from 2021 to 2026, and the market's growth momentum will accelerate at a CAGR of 6.55%.

  • The castor oil and its derivatives market share are expected to increase by USD 811.08 mn from 2021 to 2026, and the market's growth momentum will accelerate at a CAGR of 4.94%.

Emulsifier Market Scope

Report Coverage

Details

Page number

120

Base year

2021

Forecast period

2022-2026

Growth momentum & CAGR

Accelerate at a CAGR of 6.68%

Market growth 2022-2026

USD 3.14 billion

Market structure

Fragmented

YoY growth (%)

6.2

Regional analysis

Europe, North America, APAC, South America, and the Middle East, and Africa

Performing market contribution

APAC at 35%

Key consumer countries

US, China, India, Germany, Italy, and France

Competitive landscape

Leading companies, competitive strategies, consumer engagement scope

Companies profiled

Akzo Nobel NV, Archer Daniels Midland Co., BASF SE, Cargill Inc., Clariant International Ltd., Corbion NV, Evonik Industries AG, Gujarat Enterprise, Ingredion Inc., Kerry Group Plc, Koninklijke DSM NV, Lonza Group Ltd., Palsgaard A/S, Puratos Group NV, Solvay SA, Spartan Chemical Co. Inc., The Dow Chemical Co., The Lubrizol Corp., and Stepan Co.

Market Dynamics

Parent market analysis, Market growth inducers and obstacles, Fast-growing and slow-growing segment analysis, COVID 19 impact and future consumer dynamics, market condition analysis for the forecast period,

Customization purview

If our report has not included the data that you are looking for, you can reach out to our analysts and get segments customized.

Browse for Technavio "Materials Market" Research Reports

Key Topics Covered:

1 Executive Summary

  • 1.1 Market Overview

2 Market Landscape

  • 2.1 Market ecosystem

3 Market Sizing

  • 3.1 Market definition

  • 3.2 Market segment analysis

  • 3.3 Market size 2021

  • 3.4 Market outlook: Forecast for 2021-2026

4 Five Forces Analysis

  • 4.1 Five forces summary

  • 4.2 Bargaining power of buyers

  • 4.3 Bargaining power of suppliers

  • 4.4 Threat of new entrants

  • 4.5 Threat of substitutes

  • 4.6 Threat of rivalry

  • 4.7 Market condition

5 Market Segmentation by End-user

  • 5.1 Market segments

  • 5.2 Comparison by End-user

  • 5.3 Food and beverage - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 5.4 Personal care - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 5.5 Pharmaceuticals - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 5.6 Industrials - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 5.7 Others - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 5.8 Market opportunity by End-user

6 Customer Landscape

  • 6.1 Customer landscape overview

7 Geographic Landscape

  • 7.1 Geographic segmentation

  • 7.2 Geographic comparison

  • 7.3 Europe - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 7.4 North America - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 7.5 APAC - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 7.6 South America - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 7.7 Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 7.8 US - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 7.9 China - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 7.10 Germany - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 7.11 Italy - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 7.12 India - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 7.13 France - Market size and forecast 2021-2026

  • 7.14 Market opportunity by geography

8 Drivers, Challenges, and Trends

  • 8.1 Market drivers

  • 8.2 Market challenges

  • 8.3 Impact of drivers and challenges

  • 8.4 Market trends

9 Vendor Landscape

  • 9.1 Overview

  • 9.2 Vendor landscape

  • 9.3 Landscape disruption

  • 9.4 Industry risks

10 Vendor Analysis

  • 10.1 Vendors covered

  • 10.2 Market positioning of vendors

  • 10.3 Akzo Nobel NV

  • 10.4 Archer Daniels Midland Co.

  • 10.5 BASF SE

  • 10.6 Cargill Inc.

  • 10.7 Clariant International Ltd.

  • 10.8 Evonik Industries AG

  • 10.9 Kerry Group Plc

  • 10.10 Koninklijke DSM NV

  • 10.11 Solvay SA

  • 10.12 The Dow Chemical Co.

11 Appendix

  • 11.1 Scope of the report

  • 11.2 Inclusions and exclusions checklist

  • 11.3 Currency conversion rates for US$

  • 11.4 Research methodology

  • 11.5 List of abbreviations

About Us

Technavio is a leading global technology research and advisory company. Their research and analysis focus on emerging market trends and provide actionable insights to help businesses identify market opportunities and develop effective strategies to optimize their market positions. With over 500 specialized analysts, Technavio's report library consists of more than 17,000 reports and counting, covering 800 technologies, spanning 50 countries. Their client base consists of enterprises of all sizes, including more than 100 Fortune 500 companies. This growing client base relies on Technavio's comprehensive coverage, extensive research, and actionable market insights to identify opportunities in existing and potential markets and assess their competitive positions within changing market scenarios.

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This report summarizes the types of additives used in salmon feeds, their purposes, associated health concerns, details on less common additives, and the regulatory standards in key salmon-producing regions, specifically Norway, Chile, Scotland, Canada, and the United States.

**Types of Salmon Feed Additives and Their Purposes**

Salmon feed contains various categories of additives, each serving specific functions.

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Content: Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
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Mohamad Elbaz
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
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Mohamad Elbaz
Agriculture: Poultry production depends on 55% of small breeders.
The sector recovered soon.
A report by the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation revealed the recovery of the poultry industry during the coming period from the repercussions in which the industry was exposed during the recent period after the adoption of poultry production on 55% of small breeders.
A report by the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, represented by the Animal Production Research Institute, said that the decline experienced by the poultry industry and production will be recovered from its consequences at the earliest opportunity, in light of the tangible boom achieved by the small breeder, which cost us to achieve self-sufficiency during the past years.
The report downplayed the repercussions of the recent crisis in the poultry production sector, explaining that large entities are the most affected, while the basic strength of the industry, represented by small breeders, has remained largely stable.
The report pointed out that the basic strength of poultry production projects depends mainly on the segment of small breeders, which represents about 55% of the actual strength of this economic activity, where he touched on the file of feed additives, explaining its importance to the poultry production industry, which is mainly based on maximizing the benefit of all inputs.
The report stressed that the desired goal of the use of feed additives, is to achieve the maximum possible absorption rate of protein, carbohydrates and fats, from the feed formula provided to birds, in a way that enhances the doubling of their productivity and improve their properties.
Feed additives are divided into two main sections: Feed additives: are those additives that enter the food directly, most notably vitamins of both types “fat ” and“ soluble in water ”, and play an active role in the completion of the process of digestion, in addition to its strong contribution to improving immunity.
The report added that the breeder aims to maximize productivity and double immunity rates, which achieves a tangible economic savings for the breeder, and is reflected positively on the level of profitability expected by the end of each cycle, explaining that amino acids “amino acid ”: the cell building unit and the pillar of animal protein production, in addition to its important role in the formation of immune bodies.
The report added that the mineral salts: divided into two basic “structural salts ”, the most important of which are“ calcium, potassium, magnesium ”, which enter as the main part in the synthesis of bones, and “non-food salts ”, and play the role of regulator of metabolic processes that take place within the body.
The report pointed out that there are non-food feed additives: the latest trend in the world of feed additives, which specialists call “yeasts ” or“ plastics, ” and represent a type of bacteria beneficial to living organisms.
The report stressed that the latest scientific research revealed that each gram of intestinal juice of a healthy human or animal, contains "1210" bacterial organism, as one of the most prominent manifestations of health, while some studies have found that 30% of the weight of the organism is only bacteria.

The primary ingredient groups are protein sources, oils, vitamins and minerals, color pigments, and functional (non-nutritional) additives.

What are some of the additives that are added to salmon feeds in salmon farms?

Fishmeal and fish oil are traditional protein and energy components that supply essential amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Increasingly, plant-based alternatives, particularly soy protein, wheat gluten, and corn gluten meal, have been introduced to reduce environmental pressure on marine resources and to improve sustainability.

Protein additives are essential for the rapid growth and muscle development of farmed salmon, but a heavy reliance on fishmeal raises concerns about marine ecosystem impact and contaminant accumulation.

Oils in salmon feed—historically dominated by fish oil—deliver energy and omega-3 fatty acids, which are key to human health.

The partial replacement of fish oil with plant-based vegetable oils (such as canola) addresses sustainability and cost efficiency but may reduce the omega-3 content in final fillet products.

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Home / Science / News /  Could curbing cow burps slow global warming?

Could curbing cow burps slow global warming?

Scientists have found ways to reduce methane emissions from cattle, but the costs might deter farmers

Methane produced by “cow burps" is one of the biggest sources of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. Researchers are studying ways to stifle these emissions, which could help slow global warming. Methane, like carbon dioxide, traps heat in the atmosphere, making it a potent greenhouse gas.

Methane produced by “cow burps" is one of the biggest sources of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. Researchers are studying ways to stifle these emissions, which could help slow global warming. Methane, like carbon dioxide, traps heat in the atmosphere, making it a potent greenhouse gas.

The U.S. and more than other 100 countries have pledged to reduce methane emissions by at least 30% from 2020 levels by 2030. On Tuesday, Danone, one of the world’s largest dairy companies, said it would align itself with the pledge by cutting emissions of its fresh-milk suppliers.

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The U.S. and more than other 100 countries have pledged to reduce methane emissions by at least 30% from 2020 levels by 2030. On Tuesday, Danone, one of the world’s largest dairy companies, said it would align itself with the pledge by cutting emissions of its fresh-milk suppliers.

The methane from cow burps is generated by enteric fermentation, a process by which microbes in the stomachs of cattle help break down and digest plant material. The process releases methane as a byproduct, which the animals expel through belching.

The United Nations estimates that food and agriculture are responsible for almost one-third of all greenhouse gas emissions. This includes farm-based activities, such as enteric fermentation, which accounts for about 5% of global greenhouse gases.

The agrifood sector also encompasses pre- and post-farm activities, such as food shipping, as well as changes in land use, such as the clearing of forests for farms.

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A study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reviewed almost 100 strategies for curbing enteric emissions.

It identified five that cut daily methane from livestock by an average of 21% without harming animal productivity, and three more that reduced emissions per unit of milk or meat by an average of 12% while actually improving animal productivity.

One of the most studied options is Bovaer, a feed additive developed by Dutch chemical maker DSM. The compound has been shown to reduce emissions by an average of 30% in dairy cows and 45% in beef cattle.

Researchers have also seen reductions by introducing oilseeds, such as canola, into livestock diets, and by encouraging cattle to graze on less mature grasses. Younger grasses are lower in fiber and easier to digest.

The seemingly simple act of giving livestock more feed also pays dividends. A better-fed animal produces more meat and milk relative to any extra methane it may emit during digestion. Cattle aren’t always fed the right amount, according to the authors of the study, or may lack essential nutrients in their diets, which limits productivity.

Despite the effectiveness of these strategies, some farmers may be reluctant to adopt them, according to the lead author of the study, Claudia Arndt of the International Livestock Research Institute. Changing established practices—whether it is buying new feeds or additives or reseeding pastures—can add to expenses.

“The greater the extra costs per kg of milk, the greater the risk of years with negative income," said Jan Dijkstra, of Wageningen University & Research in the Netherlands, author of a study on the economics of methane mitigation.

Farmers’ willingness to embrace the techniques might depend on whether they are enticed or compelled to do so through incentives or regulations, according to Frank Mitloehner, an air quality specialist at the University of California, Davis.

So far, U.S. government efforts to curb methane have largely focused not on agriculture but on the oil and gas industries, which are a smaller domestic source of the gas.

California, the top milk-producing state, has set a goal on its own of reducing methane from dairy and livestock 40% below 2013 levels by 2030. The state’s clean air board says that enteric mitigation measures will likely be needed to achieve the goal.

Regulatory approval for methane-reducing products could also could speed their adoption.

Boaver, which has been cleared for use in more than 40 countries including the European Union, has been in the U.S. approval process for six years, according to Hugh Welsh, president of DSM North America.

“The FDA is treating it as a drug, we believe it is more appropriately regulated as a feed ingredient," he said.

Said Dr. Mitloehner: “We know this is one of the additives that works, but it is not available in the U.S."

In response to a query about Bovaer, a spokesperson for the U.S. Food and Drug Administration said, “The FDA encourages new product development and is exploring innovative approaches for evaluating new animal products that may also have benefits for people and the environment."

A recent U.N. report proposed changes to the agrifood sector that could help meet the Paris Climate Agreement’s goal of limiting global warming to less than 2 degrees Celsius, and preferably 1.5 degrees Celsius.

On-farm emissions cuts make up almost one-fifth of the recommended measures, with about 17% of them coming from efforts to reduce enteric methane.

A gas’s impact on warming is measured by how well it traps heat and how long it stays in the atmosphere. Methane is more effective at trapping heat than CO2, but only lasts about 12 years in the atmosphere. CO2 can persist for centuries.

Because methane is a high-impact but short-lived gas, cutting its emissions could have a relatively fast-acting effect on the pace of climate change.

“Warming from methane does not accumulate over long periods of time," said Dr. Arndt. “Thus, it makes it important to reduce emissions right now to limit global warming."

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Vegetable oils can also introduce new residues or allergenic compounds.

Title:

Content: - A plus A.
Ibrahim Al-Alawi (Jeddah) i _ waleeed22 @
The Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) has launched a project to update the Gulf technical regulations for additives allowed to be used in foodstuffs.
The standard specified the conditions for the use of food additives, whether or not they had their own specification previously.
The standard includes foods where the use of food additives is not permitted or where the use of food additives is restricted, and the aim of setting maximum allowable use limits for food additives is to ensure that the intake of the additive does not exceed the acceptable daily dose.
The project showed the maximum use of food additive according to the highest permissible concentration to perform its desired purpose, and is safe and expressed in milligrams per kilogram of food substance. Food additives were interpreted as any substance intentionally added to food and not as a component, to maintain or improve food qualities and added for technical or nutritional purposes, whether during manufacturing, preparation, processing, packaging, transport or storage.
The substance itself or its by-products may become part of the food directly or indirectly.
The acceptable dose included daily intake (ADI), which is the amount of food additive estimated by the Joint Committee of Experts that can be consumed daily for the duration of life without any significant risk to health and estimated on the basis of body weight. The specification also included the maximum use of food additive according to the highest concentration allowed to be used to fulfill its desired purpose and be safe as determined by the Codex.
When polyols are used in food products for purposes other than sweetening by not more than 10%, it is not necessary to write the relevant warnings contained in the technical regulations and the additives allowed to be used in raw materials or other components according to this regulation, and the content of additives in raw materials or other components does not exceed the upper limit specified in this regulation.

High dietary oil can sometimes affect fish health, causing fatty liver or altered flesh composition.

What are the consequences of adding omega-6 (vegetable oil) to feeds in salmon farming?

Result in every 4 grams of farmed salmon containing 3 times more fat than wild salmon

Vitamins and mineral premixes are routinely added to guarantee nutritional adequacy, supporting metabolic processes, immune health, and bone formation.

Common additions include vitamins C, E, B-complex, zinc, selenium, and iron.

Title:

Content: Dermatovenerologist Ivanov called useful sweets pastille and bitter chocolate
0
72
Refined or processed carbohydrates, which are rich in sweets, provoke jumps of sugar and insulin, and because of the high caloric content, they also contribute to weight gain.
But it's too early for the sweet tooth to grieve.
Dermatovenerologist Roman Ivanov listed sweet foods that do not harm health.
According to the doctor, the first place among useful sweets is occupied by fruits, berries and sweet vegetables.
In addition to natural sugars, they contain a lot of fiber.
Fiber helps to normalize the functioning of the intestine, regulates the level of cholesterol and helps to reduce the level of glucose in the blood, the specialist stressed.
In particular, we are talking about raspberries, blackberries, cranberries, gooseberries, apples, pears, oranges and apricots.
They are rich in fiber, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants.
Scientists recommend eating dark chocolate for people with visual impairments
Honey is also a good sweetener.
It contains vitamins of group B, ascorbic, pantothenic, folic acids, as well as important trace elements and substances that do not allow pathogens to multiply.
At the same time, honey should be eaten with caution, because it is rich in fructose and glucose sugars.
In addition, Ivanov singled out bitter chocolate, which contains little sugar and a lot of cocoa, since the latter ingredient is a source of antioxidants, trace elements, valuable fats and organic acids.
Another option for sweet tooth is a natural pastille, which is prepared on the basis of berry and fruit puree, sugar and thickener.
At the same time, the doctor advised before buying to study the composition: it should not contain additional sweeteners, dyes, flavors and emulsifiers.
Important!
Information provided for reference purposes, do not self-medicate.
At the first signs of the disease, consult a doctor.

Over- or under-supplementation can lead to nutrient imbalances, compromised fish health, or residual accumulation in the edible tissue, though with adherence to regulated limits, such risks are uncommon.

Trace contaminants, if present in mineral additives, are a health concern that regulatory oversight aims to minimize.

Title:

Content: Mr Yan Haiyan, Mr Cheung Yin-ming, Mr Nie Yuk-tung, and others.
Study on the preparation of flocculant from vanadium-titanium magnetite for organic wastewater treatment [J] .Environmental pollution and prevention and control, 202,44 (2): 190.
[J]. Environmental Pollution & Control, 2022, 44 (2): 190.
Click to copy
Study on the Preparation of Flocculant from Vanadium Titanium Magnetite for Organic Sewage Treatment
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Environmental Pollution and Prevention [ISSN: 1006-6977 / CN: 61-1281 / TN]
Volume:
44 Volumes
Period:
Issue 2, 2022
Page number:
190
Column:
Research report
Date of publication:
2022-06-01
Article information / Info
Author:
Yan Haiyan Zhang Xianming Nie Yudong Li Jinshen Yueyuan
Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Waste Oil Resource Technology and Equipment, Chongqing University of Industry and Commerce, Chongqing 400067, China
Key words:
Hydrochloric acid leaching process vanadium-titanium magnetite flocculated organic sewage
Document Logo Code:
A
Summary:
Using vanadium-titanium magnetite as raw material, iron, titanium and vanadium ternary flocculant was prepared by hydrochloric acid leaching process, and the process conditions were optimized and used to treat simulated organic sewage, and the flocculation effect of polyferric chloride (PFC) was compared.
The results showed that when the leaching time is 4 h, the leaching temperature is 80 ° C, the liquid-solid mass ratio is 5, and the initial mass fraction of hydrochloric acid is 20%, the leaching rate of vanadium, iron and titanium is 99.98%, 97.77% and 10.41% respectively. The flocculants have the best treatment effect, at this time the turbidity removal rate is 97.01%, 98.02%, the total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate is 82.20%, 81.64%, the TOC removal effect is better than PFC; iron, titanium, vanadium ternary flocculants have a good removal effect on soluble microbial metabolites, humic acids and proteins in dissolved organic matter.
Last Update: 2022-05-23

Pigments, most notably the carotenoid astaxanthin, confer the distinctive pink flesh that consumers expect, mimicking wild salmon.

Title:

Content: Benefits of Aquarium Fish Feeding Feed
Time ： 2021-09-01 18: 40 Author ： admin
See the fish.
We may think that live bait is the most natural way to raise fish, this statement is not wrong, but one thing worth our attention: that is, the safety of live bait, live bait may be infected by water or it is itself wearing pathogenic bacteria or parasites that can cause fish to be sick, and at the same time, live bait is probably the main culprit of infecting the water quality of the aquarium.
There are many uses for human feed, such as:
1. Particle size may be used in response to the needs of a variety of large and small mouth types of fish.
2. No susceptible water quality.
3. The nutrient quality of this material is not easy to pass.
4.
Vitamins are not easily damaged.
5. Fully sterile.
6. Retain the daily grind.
7. It can promote the beauty of the body color of fish.
8.
It is best to keep the fish in shape.
No matter whether it is live bait or artificial feed for fish, we must truly understand the identity of food to match the needs of fish without common.
The most important means is to provide a balanced supply of nutrients so that the fish can only grow robustly.
Therefore, we propose that: feeding only one kind of bait is very easy to form fish nutrients are not good; feeding a variety of fish will eat bait talent to avoid the situation of nutrient imbalance.
Therefore, artificial feed with multiple nutrient identities will be a good use.
But the nature of each family is not one, so first determine whether the identity of the fish is compatible with the identity of the fish, and only need to buy from the new!
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What are some of the additives that are added to salmon feeds in salmon farms?

What are the purposes of adding pigments to the feed in salmon farms?

While astaxanthin is generally considered safe, some consumers express concerns about the use of synthetic versus natural sources, particularly regarding potential allergic reactions or residue levels.

Title:

Content: General Varieties
A special secret for couples only Discover the power of lemon and petroleum jelly in changing your married life for the better...
Don ’ t let teenagers and singles know about this amazing secret!
You are now following the news of a special secret for the couple just discover the power of lemon and Vaseline original in changing your married life for the better...
Don ’ t let teenagers and singles know about this amazing secret!
Now with the details.
RIYADH - The use of petroleum jelly and lemon in skin care is considered one of the most dangerous practices a person can perform.
When using modern skin care products, there is a risk of the body being exposed to harmful and toxic chemicals.
These products may contain toxic ingredients that may be in small quantities, but accumulate in the body with constant and repeated use, leading to serious damage.
Therefore, skin care experts advise to return to nature in caring for and moisturizing the skin.
Natural substances are the safest for skin of all kinds and do not cause any harm to the body.
Lemon is an inexpensive natural ingredient for treating acne.
It has exfoliating properties that effectively treat acne and remove its effects.
Lemon also has many beneficial properties such as strengthening the skin, fighting bacteria and lightening the skin tone.
Thanks to its vitamin C content, powerful antioxidants and citric acid.
As for Vaseline, it has many benefits in skin care.
It effectively moisturizes the skin and is quickly absorbed by the lips and hands.
It also moisturizes the skin in general without leaving it greasy.
Petrolatum can also be used to soften elbows, knees and heels in winter.
In addition, regular use of petroleum jelly and lemon can help reduce swelling and rashes.
Their natural and soothing properties help soothe the skin and reduce inflammation.
Vaseline is one of the most important ingredients that should be in everyone ’ s hands.
It is not just an ordinary cosmetic product, it has many benefits for skin and hair.
The vaseline works to moisturize the skin and protect it from the eyelids and cracks.
It also works to calm the irritated skin and reduce the inflammation and skin rash resulting from exposure to the burning rays of the sun in the summer season.
Just like when you take the plunge.
He cleans the skin deeply and removes any trace of the makeup gently and effectively.
It also helps to clean the pores and prevent the accumulation of dirt and dirt on the skin.
It can be used to moisturize dry and cracked lips, as well as to open the skin and give it natural radiance and freshness.
In conclusion, it can be said that Vaseline is a cosmetic product that is not indispensable in the routine of caring for skin and hair.
Use it regularly to achieve the best results and enjoy healthy and beautiful skin.
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However, regulatory bodies carefully define safe limits for such pigments in feed.

Functional additives, such as probiotics, prebiotics, beneficial yeasts, and enzymes, represent a growing field.

Title:

Content: Urgent.
Chairman of Wafd Party
Dr. Abdul Sindh Yamama
Chairman of the Board of Directors
Dr. Ayman is an accountant.
Editor-in-Chief
I'm sorry.
My grandfather, Zainuddin.
Chairman of Wafd Party
Dr. Abdul Sindh Yamama
Chairman of the Board of Directors
Dr. Ayman is an accountant.
Editor-in-Chief
I'm sorry.
My grandfather, Zainuddin.
Misr El Kheir Celebrates Graduation of 13 Startups Funded by the European Union (PHOTOS)
Misr El Kheir Foundation organized on Sunday a graduation ceremony for 13 startups hosted by the technological incubator "Misr El Kheir Bridge" funded by the European Union.
This came within the framework of the project to promote inclusive growth and create jobs in the field of agriculture, and support the mechanisms of knowledge and innovation through scientific research to create economic opportunities imposed on local and international markets within the projects of scientific research and innovation to achieve progress in the field of agriculture.
Dr. Nagwa El-Sayed: Misr El-Khair Bridge is a technological business incubator that aims to solve societal problems in the fields of energy, water, health, food, agricultural products and education
For her part, Dr. Nagwa El-Sayed, Head of Scientific Research and Innovation Sector at Misr El-Kheir Foundation, stressed that Jisr program is a technological business incubator affiliated to the scientific research and innovation sector at Misr El-Kheir Foundation aiming to invest in entrepreneurs and innovators and build their creative abilities to solve societal problems in many fields, including energy, water, health, food, agricultural crops and education. By supporting entrepreneurs, innovators and startups in 3 directions by helping entrepreneurs transform initial ideas into prototypes and helping startups transform prototypes into final products and then connecting incubated companies with investors.
The head of the scientific research and innovation sector at Misr El-Kheir Foundation explained that the selection of companies was made after careful studies and arbitration committees were held to ensure the seriousness of the companies and that they have ready products to impose themselves on the markets.
Dr. Najwa Al-Sayed pointed out that the project was carried out on more than one part, the first component of education, which was approved by a European university, and the second financing the purchase of agricultural equipment and machinery, as well as the training of 1080 trainees on these machines in cooperation with Menoufia University, explaining that the number of trainees will be increased to reach 1300 trainees.
The head of the scientific research sector at Misr El-Kheir Foundation revealed that so far, 7 incubation sessions have been conducted from the Misr El-Kheir Bridge program, through which 46 startups have been incubated, with a total of 1700 entrepreneurs, explaining that 10 of them have received investments, as well as providing 400 jobs.
During the ceremony, the 13 companies that were graduated were reviewed:
Fruitful Solutions, which manufactures and develops the first automatic Egyptian acid sorting machine to help salts export stations and exporters to increase their productivity and improve their quality.
* Mazna is an agricultural technology and waste management company that works to maximize the use of biogas waste by extracting the main and secondary elements and turning them into a suitable liquid organic fertilizer according to the growth stages of the plants that work on the fertility of the soil. Increase productivity and reduce costs.
* Lakto Bukashi provides customized solutions for various organic waste issues along with the production of environmentally friendly bio-fertilizers based on organic substrates.
Mycelium is a biotech startup that uses mushroom cells to transform agricultural waste into a strong, lightweight material that can replace Styrofoam used in many applications such as packaging, furniture and construction.
* Bermuda aims to contribute to the sustainable development goals of achieving a better life on earth and eradicating hunger by providing innovative solutions to agricultural challenges through the production of innovative organic fertilizers in various forms with value. Contribute to increase the productivity of crops.
* Spawn Run provides locally made mushroom seeds at competitive prices, compared to imported seeds, in addition to technical support and follow-up.
Masra Tech develops technology solutions based on collecting and analyzing data directly from the soil to help improve the agricultural process, identify priorities, predict potential problems at an early date and improve their irrigation strategies and distribute resources efficiently. Based on a support and decision making system using artificial intelligence.
* SOLAR DISTILLATION is working to create environmentally friendly solar distillation equipment and reduce the production costs of medical and aromatic oils, which is unique and does not exist in the market as solar distillation is the invention of a distillation device. Medical and aromatic oils using concentrated solar complexes.
* Top crops is concerned with the application of the Sandponic method and is fully controlled by providing an ecosystem based on the idea of integration and exchange of benefits between plants and fish through the work of a closed cycle for irrigation and drainage. Through the water loaded with fish residues that contains all the elements needed by the plants and the water is purified through the sand soil to be drained of ammonia to the fish basin, which leads to the increase of fish mortality.
Kadry Group is producing poultry feed that acts as a growth promoter with a percentage of 50% locally designed 100% locally through natural and environmentally friendly feed additives for poultry that acts as a growth promoter and immunosuppressant designed with nanotechnology to replace The use of drugs and antibiotics that may have a harmful effect on the health of humans and animals and reduce the pollution of the environment.
Biotech Agro Biotech produces agricultural bio-products, a preparation based on beneficial microbes as an effective material (including in the cultivation of bio-fertilizers, biocides and poultry probiotics).
TRUSTON EG * manufactures fertilisers and agricultural fertilizers containing a high percentage of potassium that increase the capacity of plants for vital operations, thus supplying plants with macro- and micro-elements.
Al Fares Ftom Company produces aromatic oils and medicinal materials in a laboratory way and naturally through the use of technology of plant tissue cultivation or so-called plant reproduction inside the laboratory without planting plants in the fields, which helps to provide wipes Di and water.

These are added to enhance nutrient absorption, strengthen immune response, and promote a healthy gut microbiota.

Title:

Content: People 's Daily Online > > Economy and Technology
Feed plus "secret formula" piglet body strong
June 26, 2024 08: 37 | Source: Science and Technology Daily
Small number
Original title: Feed plus "secret recipe" piglet body strong
The staff looked at the growth of the piglets.
Photo by Xinhua reporter Li Jiannan
◎ The reporter Jiang Jie
"We are engaged in large-scale breeding, piglets weaning period intestinal discomfort, always diarrhea problems have plagued us." One day, a Sichuan breeding company found Wu Zhenlong, a professor in the School of Animal Science and Technology of China Agricultural University, to find a solution to the above problems.
The team gave the company a "secret recipe" for "functional amino acids to improve key technologies for pig feed protein utilization."
Data show that after the application of this technology, the feed conversion efficiency has increased by 5% -8%, the protein utilization efficiency has increased by more than 5%, and the birthrate, litter number and survival rate of weak piglets have been significantly improved.
Recently, the key technology of functional amino acids to improve the utilization of pig feed protein was selected as a major leading technology in agriculture in 2024.
What difficulties has this technology overcome in pig production and what pain points have it solved?
The reporter interviewed the relevant experts.
Finding the “Best Supplements ” to Prevent Diarrhoea
Animal husbandry is an important industry related to the national economy and people's livelihood.
In recent years, in China's meat consumption structure, the proportion of pork in livestock and poultry meat has been maintained at more than 50%.
High-quality feed is crucial to the pig industry, and only pigs can eat healthy.
"Piglets eat breast milk before weaning, and they will eat feed after weaning, which is particularly prone to diarrhea during this adaptation period."
Especially for large-scale breeding, early weaning is generally performed, but this will increase the risk of diarrhea and even death from diarrhea in piglets.
Therefore, the choice of feed after weaning is critical, "Wu Zhenlong said.
According to the idea of “what is missing ”, the team looked for the“ best supplement ” to prevent diarrhea from the substances that are present in the pig intestines.
80% of the body's immune cells are present in the digestive tract, and immune cells participate in and regulate the immune and inflammatory responses of the intestine and the body by interacting with the microorganisms in the gut.
For piglets, intestinal development is a dynamic process of gradual improvement under the complex interaction of nutrient-microbiome-host cells, and then its physiological function.
90% of the epithelial cells in the pig intestine are absorbent cells.
Absorbing cells increase their surface area through microvilli to achieve the function of absorbing nutrients.
Carbohydrates, fats and proteins in feed are decomposed into glucose, fatty acids and small peptides or amino acids under the action of various enzymes in the digestive tract, and are absorbed and utilized under the action of transport carriers in epithelial cells.
In the pig intestine, intestinal epithelial cells have a fast rate of renewal and protein synthesis.
Studies have shown that glutamine, glutamic acid and other amino acids are the main energy substrates of intestinal epithelial cells. After weaning, the amount of these amino acids from the feed will be lower than the amount of intake from the breast milk before weaning, making the piglets in a state of relative nutritional deficiency.
Accordingly, the team focused the key to solving the problem on amino acids.
Functional amino acids are useful.
In addition to protein synthesis, functional amino acids are amino acids that have other important physiological and biochemical functions in the body. "Adding functional amino acids to the feed has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and regulates the stability of the flora." Wu Zhenlong, for example, L-glutamine, as a conditioned essential amino acid in the pig body, plays an important role in maintaining the intestinal barrier function, reducing intestinal inflammation and improving the absorption of nutrients.
In addition, L-glutamine participates in immune regulation, which can enhance the body's disease resistance.
Then, L-proline in the pig body through a series of enzymatic reactions, can be converted into polyamine.
Polyamines are a kind of low molecular weight organic compounds with biological activity, including spermidine, spermidine and putamine.
They play an important role in the process of cell proliferation and differentiation, helping to improve the reproductive performance of pigs.
China accounts for 18% of the world ’ s population, but consumes nearly 50% of the world ’ s total pork production.
In the face of such a huge pork consumption, large-scale and intelligent breeding is imperative. "Jiyun, lecturer at the School of Animal Science and Technology of China Agricultural University, introduced.
Soybean meal is usually used as a source of protein for pig feed.
However, due to the large use of soybean meal as feed is not conducive to China's food security, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs advocates the reduction of soybean meal and substitution.
Ji Yun said that supplementing amino acids can make up for the shortage of protein in pig feed after soybean meal reduction, and also help improve the utilization efficiency of protein and reduce environmental pollution caused by nitrogen emissions.
The team's research found that a proper amount of functional amino acids (such as L-glutamine) supplemented by low-protein diets can help to improve the growth performance of weaned piglets and the conversion efficiency of feed, and can also prevent poor conditions such as diarrhea in piglets due to intestinal problems.
After many years of research, the team finally explored the key technology of functional amino acids to improve the utilization of pig feed protein, and formed a precise formula of functional amino acids.
Faced with a new technology, farmers are most concerned about the cost.
At present, the amino acid production technology and process have been relatively mature, and large-scale production has been achieved.
Correspondingly, the application cost of this technology is also relatively low.
The application needs to overcome more difficulties.
Wu Zhenlong introduced that making full use of functional amino acids is conducive to solving many problems in the current pig production in China, such as the intestinal health problems of weaned piglets, the shortage of protein resources and the problem of low utilization efficiency, and the low reproductive performance of sows.
In order to further promote and apply the technology, Wu Zhenlong's team needs to overcome many difficulties.
At present, the team needs to study new mechanisms for the physiological and biochemical action of functional amino acids, and how to improve the health level and performance of pigs based on the new mechanisms.
In addition, the ratio between functional amino acids and other amino acids has different effects on the growth performance, reproductive capacity and health level of pigs at different growth or physiological stages, and this influence mechanism is not clear.
At the same time, under different dietary patterns, the specific functional amino acid requirements of pigs and the ratio between them and other amino acids still need to be optimized.
Especially in low-protein diets, the team needed to further explore the optimal amount of functional amino acids to supplement.
Looking to the future, Wu Zhenlong believes that continuing to deeply understand the mechanism of functional amino acids can provide theoretical support for precision breeding in actual production, achieve high-quality, efficient, environmentally friendly and sustainable development of the pig industry, and improve the economic, social and ecological benefits of the pig industry.
(Editor: Yang Xi, Chen Jian)
Public Number ： People 's Network Finance
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The expectation is that such additives can reduce reliance on antibiotics by fostering disease resistance, though more conclusive studies are still needed.

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Hofseth Biocare ASA: HBC ONBOARDS EX-NOVARTIS AND EX-PFIZER SENIOR REGULATORY AFFAIRS PROFESSIONAL, DR ZUBAIR HUSSAIN

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HBC is delighted to announce the appointment of Dr Zubair Hussain as Senior Regulatory Consultant from September 2021. Dr Hussain has over 25 years’ experience in Regulatory Affairs and has held senior global roles in big pharma, including at Pfizer and Novartis, as well as garnering mid-cap pharma experience at Ipsen. He managed teams of several hundred regulatory professionals spanning consumer health, animal health and pharmaceuticals. Hence, he has an excellent skill set for HBC Consumer Health Division, HBC Ingredients as well as supporting R&D trial planning.

Dr Hussain has significant experience working with the FDA and EMA (European Medicines Agency) throughout the development process and subsequent lifecycle management. One of his first actions with HBC has been to apply and gain approval of SME (small and medium enterprise) status at the EMA for HBC. This will enable HBC to seek scientific advice from the EMA and gain SME benefits during development activities. Dr Hussain is also working on expanding the claims for HBC’s products by leveraging existing clinical data.

HBC currently has unique structure function claims from the US FDA and qualified health claims from Health Canada for ProGo focused on benefits such as the maintenance ferritin & haemoglobin, energy, gut inflammation, and iron absorption rates. Notwithstanding this, and very encouragingly, there are strong reasons to believe there several new (and unique) claims that can be made for ProGo. Furthermore, HBC believes that a number of new claims can be made for CalGo (also known as Calcium Collagen Complex) and OmeGo (Salmon Oil), utilising existing data. For this reason, Dr Hussain will bring invaluable experience to help commercialise the existing offering swiftly to market. It has always been the company’s belief that producing natural products from fresh sashimi grade salmon would bring important health benefits to the consumer. There is no better way to highlight this than through validated health claims.

Dr Zubair Hussain says: “I am delighted to contribute to the journey in taking HBC to the next level, particularly as we accelerate to commercialise and shift from commoditised animal feed markets, towards much higher value human and pet supplement markets. I believe the addition of strategic regulatory leadership will help maximise HBC's commercial potential."

For further information, please contact:

Dr. Crawford Currie, Head of Medical R&D at Hofseth BioCare ASA
Phone: +44 7968 195497
E-mail: cc@hofsethbiocare.no

James Berger, CCO at Hofseth BioCare ASA
Phone: +41 79 950 1034
E-mail: jb@hofsethbiocare.no

About Hofseth BioCare ASA:

HBC is a Norwegian biotech company that develops high-value ingredients and finished products currently targeting the consumer health market. Research is ongoing to identify the individual elements within the products that modulate inflammation and the immune response with pre-clinical studies in multiple clinics and university research labs in several countries. Lead clinical and pre-clinical candidates are in development for the protection of the Gastro-Intestinal (GI) system against inflammation, including ulcerative colitis and the orphan condition necrotising enterocolitis, as a Medical Food to help treat age-related Sarcopenia, and as a treatment for Iron Deficiency Anemia, all using peptide fractions of Salmon Protein Hydrolysate. Preclinical trial work with the oil is ongoing to ameliorate lung inflammation in eosinophilic asthma and COPD ("smoker's lung") as well as clinical work in COVID.

The company is founded on the core values of sustainability and optimal utilization of natural resources. Through an innovative hydrolysis technology, HBC can preserve the quality of lipids, proteins and calcium from fresh salmon off-cuts.

Hofseth BioCare's headquarters are in Ålesund, Norway with branches in Oslo, London, Zürich, Chicago, Mumbai, Palo Alto and Tokyo. HBC is listed on Oslo Stock Exchange with ticker "HBC". More information about Hofseth BioCare at www.hofsethbiocare.com

This information is subject to the disclosure requirements pursuant to Section 5-12 of the Norwegian Securities Trading Act

What health concerns are there specifically related to additives in farmed salmon feed?

Health concerns regarding functional additives generally center on the novelty of the ingredient and the potential for microbial imbalance, but regulatory agencies only approve those demonstrated to be safe for long-term consumption and environmental release.

**Uncommon and Innovative Additives**

Salmon feed innovation now includes trial use of alternative proteins.

Title:

Content: Yogurt is amazing! Feeding Wu Guo to eat for 2 months, the fisherman smiles and wears a helmet: anti-collision
▲ The water laboratory said that in recent years, due to climate change, the unusually high temperature in the summer, it is easy to cause the fish to be attacked by germs. (Photo by reporter Yang Chih-hing)
Journalist Hsu Chien-yi / reporting from Taipei
In recent years, the unusually high temperature in summer has led to the outbreak of germs, which has caused great losses to farmers. The probiotic Lactic Acid Bacillus B4, which helps to improve fish growth and enhance their immunity, and its glucan product Lactic Acid Bacillus B4 functional yogurt was added to the feed. Farming time to reduce the risk of breeding.
The water laboratory pointed out that glucan can be used as an emulsifier and thickener flavor carrier in food processing. In terms of health care, research shows that glucan can be used as a prebiotic to increase the number of probiotics - bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria in the body, and regulate immunity.
As mentioned in the water test, lactic acid bacteria B4, previously screened from the gut of perch fish, is a probiotic with special enzymes. Adding cheap sucrose can promote the production of glucan by lactic acid bacteria B4, and developed functional yogurt and ice cream containing glucan with lactic acid bacteria B4.
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According to the water test, the literature points out that probiotics or prebiotics such as glycans and oligosaccharides as feed additives can effectively improve the growth and immunity of fish and shrimp. The combined use of probiotics and prebiotics is usually higher than the combined effect of the two alone. Probiotics that produce pathogens can also produce glucans themselves, so the lactobacillus B4 yogurt is applied to aquaculture.
Experimental studies show that the addition of lactic acid bacteria B4 yogurt in the feed helps to improve the growth and resistance to pathogens.
▲ The feed in the test tank is evenly mixed with lactic acid bacteria B4 yogurt and the feed by an electric mixer.
(Photo / Supplied by Aquatic Research Institute)
In recent years, due to climate change, the unusually high temperature in summer can easily lead to the outbreak of germs, causing the death of fish and loss of farmers. Three years ago, the Kaohsiung City Animal Protection Department sought technical assistance from the water laboratory. 4 Yogurt feed for 2 months, fish feeding conditions are better than the control pond, growth is very fast, at the end of May harvest, no disease, fish average weight 570 grams, strong and healthy.
When the fish are harvested, the fisherman must wear a safety helmet to avoid being injured by the energetic Wu Kuo. The fish in the control pond eat worse than the test pond and grow more slowly. In mid-June, the fish suffered from streptococcus disease. It must be treated with drugs. The average weight is 467 grams, which is much lower than the average. Test pool.
The water laboratory further stressed that in order to understand whether the feed containing lactic acid bacteria B4 yogurt can really survive the cool summer, and the Kaohsiung Municipal Bureau of Animal Protection specially arranged the test in the summer the previous year. The results showed that although the test group and the control group of the fish containing lactic acid bacteria B4 yogurt were all suffering from streptococcal disease, the test group were milder drug. The treatment only takes 3 days to heal, and the control group is more serious, requiring more than 7 days of drug treatment.
Therefore, the addition of lactic acid bacteria B4 yogurt in broccoli feed helps to improve the growth and health of the fish, shortens the breeding time, reduces the breeding risk and slows the severity of the disease, and the cost of adding lactic acid bacteria B4 yogurt per kilogram of feed is only about 0.5 yuan.
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These include mesopelagic fish (midwater species), algae, and farmed insects, particularly researched in Norway and increasingly elsewhere.

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning additives in salmon feed?

These alternatives are studied for their potential to improve sustainability and reduce ecological impact.

Algae and insect meal may offer unique fatty acid profiles and micronutrients, yet there is limited data on allergenic potential or bioaccumulation of environmental toxins.

Regulatory agencies require new feed ingredients to undergo rigorous safety assessments before approval.

Title:

Content: News of Hong Kong
Public consultation on the definition of preservatives for food until end of August
Food safety is an issue of public concern. The Hong Kong Government yesterday proposed to revise the preservatives and antioxidants in food and launched a three-month public consultation until August 28 this year.
The proposed amendments include updating the definitions of "preservatives" and "antioxidants" with reference to the Codex Alimentarius Commission definitions; updating the list of permitted preservatives / antioxidants and updating / setting the maximum permitted levels of permitted preservatives and antioxidants in specified foods.
A Government spokesman said that one of the policy measures in the Chief Executive's 2022 Policy Address is to review and update food safety legislation on food additives in phases to further enhance food safety.
The first stage covers preservatives and antioxidants in food.
The Government has launched a public consultation on the proposed amendments to the Preservatives in Food Regulations (Cap. 132BD).
Antioxidant regulation is also included
The Government proposes to strengthen and update the Regulation to bring the standards of preservatives and antioxidants in food in Hong Kong in line with international standards, and to bring more preservatives and antioxidants under regulation so that the industry can have more clear compliance, provide the food industry with more choices of permitted preservatives / antioxidants suitable for various food categories, and provide consumers with better protection.
In reviewing the Regulation and formulating the proposed amendments, the Environment and Ecology Bureau and the Centre for Food Safety of the Food and Environmental Hygiene Department have made reference to the Codex Alimentarius Commission's latest General Standard on Food Additives and related commodity standards, supplemented by those of the Mainland and other major food trading partners.
Members of the public may submit their views on the proposed amendments by email, fax or post during the consultation period.
Consultation sessions will also be held to collect public views. Details of the consultation sessions can be found on the CFS website.
To allow the food trade and other stakeholders a reasonable time to adjust to comply with the amended Regulation, the Government proposes to introduce an 18-month transitional period after the passage of the legislation.
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**Health Concerns Associated with Salmon Feed Additives**

Each additive category carries distinct potential risks:
- Fishmeal and fish oil can accumulate environmental contaminants (heavy metals, dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls) that may persist in the flesh and be ingested by consumers.

What health concerns are there specifically related to additives in farmed salmon feed?

To minimize this, ingredient sources are screened and maximum residue limits are regulated.

- Plant proteins may introduce pesticide residues or phytic acid, which can affect nutrient absorption.

- Synthetic pigments like astaxanthin are regulated for residue limits in edible tissue; improper dosing can result in off-coloration or possible allergenic reactions, though documented incidence is rare.
- Vitamins and minerals in excess or imbalance may cause toxicity, but regulation and typical industry practice keep these risks minimal.
- Functional additives (probiotics/enzymes) must not disrupt native gut flora or introduce resistant microorganisms.

What are some of the additives that are added to salmon feeds in salmon farms?

Only strains with proven safety profiles are permitted.
- Historic concerns about the use of antibiotics or hormones are addressed through strict regulatory bans or severe restrictions in nearly all major production countries.

**Regulation and Standards in Key Producing Nations**

Regulatory frameworks differ slightly but share core features: pre-market approval, residue limits, and ongoing surveillance.

In Norway, the world’s leading salmon producer, regulatory oversight involves scientific evaluation and approval of all feed additives.

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning additives in salmon feed?

Trials with new ingredients like insects or algae are required to demonstrate safety for fish, consumers, and the environment.

Norway enforces strict limits on contaminant residues and controls antibiotic use.

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning additives in salmon feed?

What health concerns are there specifically related to additives in farmed salmon feed?

China, another major aquaculture nation, is moving to reduce wild fish inputs in feed and encourages compound feeds under national policy.

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning additives in salmon feed?

In Scotland, salmon feed additive regulation currently follows the UK’s Animal Feed Legislation, which mirrors previous European Union rules.

Title:

Content: World News
EU threatens food supply to developing countries
Thank you for reading the news about the « European » puts the food supply of developing countries at risk and now we start with the details
DAMMAM (Reuters) - The European Union is threatening food supplies in developing countries.
According to Karen Holliback, who chaired the Codex Alimentarius Commission from 2008 to 2011, the EU is currently engaged in a vague but hugely important bureaucratic battle at the United Nations, and if it does not back down, it could jeopardize the economies, and even food supplies, of dozens of developing countries.
She pointed out that the dispute revolves around the Codex Alimentarius Commission, which is sometimes described as “the most important organization you ’ ve ever heard of. ”
Under the law of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO), both UN agencies, the Codex Alimentarius Commission sets global safety standards for all foods traded internationally in a market of nearly $1.5 trillion.
Currently, FAO considers the EU and 188 other countries, rich and poor alike, members, and although safety standards set by the Codex Alimentarius Commission are voluntary, many developing countries eagerly embrace them because they lack the resources and technical expertise to set their own strict rules for food imports and exports.
Codex standards touch on almost every aspect of the food supply chain, from permitted additives to the level of residues that can remain in products and any supplements that can be given to livestock.
Creating an internationally applicable food code is an enormous and ongoing task as it adapts to ongoing agricultural and technological developments, and also requires extensive data collection, analysis, and scientific and technical assessment that can withstand rigorous scrutiny.
He added that the Codex works very well, and this is due to a mechanism called “statements of principles ”, which allows countries to individually object to the standard and record their disagreement, but in a way that does not prevent the adoption of the standard.
That dispute settlement mechanism had worked well so far.
But for now, the EU, along with Russia and China, is objecting to the adoption of a standard related to a generic veterinary drug called zilpaterol, which helps livestock convert feed into muscle more efficiently.
She noted that the union does not dispute the safety of the drug or health concerns, but opposes the standard for reasons related to consumer preferences.
You may also read.

Approval and scientific risk assessments are conducted by the UK Food Standards Agency in consultation with the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).

Title:

Content: Health · Life
The National Health Commission issued 36 new national food safety standards
July 28, 2022 16: 01 Source: People 's Daily Online
Beijing, July 28 (Reporter Sun Hongli) According to the official website of the National Health and Health Commission, according to the provisions of the Food Safety Law, the National Health and Health Commission and the General Administration of Market Supervision jointly issued Announcement No. 3 in 2022, and issued 36 new national food safety standards and 3 amendment orders.
Mainly include: "Food Contaminant Limit" (GB2762-2022) 1 pollutant standard, "Beverage" (GB7101-2022) and other 3 food product standards, "Detergent" (GB14930.1-2022) and other food related product standards, "Food additive eugenol" (GB1886.129-2022) and other 11 food additive quality standards, "food nutrition enhancer oil hexaenoic acid (Tuna oil)" (GB1903.26-2022) and other 9 food nutrition fortifier quality standards, "determination of sulfur dioxide in food" (GB5009.34-2022) and other 9 inspection method standards, and "food additive beeswax" (GB1886.87-2015) No. 1 modification list of three food additives quality specifications.
The National Health Commission said that the formulation and revision of the above national food safety standards comply with laws and regulations, fully take into account the health rights and interests of the people, take into account the needs of the development of the food industry, refer to relevant international regulations, standards and common practices, and fully solicit opinions from all sectors of society and inform the WTO.
The above standard text can be consulted and downloaded from the National Food Safety Standards Data Retrieval Platform (https: / / sppt.cfsa.net.cn: 8086 / db).
"Eat safely" and "eat healthily" are important contents of the people's good life.
On June 27 this year, Liu Jinfeng, director of the Food Safety Standards and Monitoring and Evaluation Department of the National Health and Health Commission, said at a press conference that up to now, 1,419 national food safety standards have been issued, including more than 20,000 indicators, covering the main health hazards from farmland to table, from production and processing to products, and all links.
The framework of the standard system is not only in line with the dietary structure of Chinese residents, but also in line with international practices.
(Editor: Sun Hongli, Lu Qian)
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Scotland recognizes Codex Alimentarius standards, which stipulate permissible additive types, residue limits, and good feed practices.

In Canada, Health Canada evaluates and approves all feed additives for aquaculture on the basis of safety to animals, humans, and the environment.

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning additives in salmon feed?

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning antibiotics in farmes salmon?

The Canadian Food Inspection Agency monitors compliance and enforces correct feed use.

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning additives in salmon feed?

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning antibiotics in farmes salmon?

Qualified health claims are permitted if additives are proved safe and effective.

In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is the main authority.

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning additives in salmon feed?

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning antibiotics in farmes salmon?

The FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine reviews new feed additives, especially those with novel health or environmental effects.

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning additives in salmon feed?

The process may treat some new additives as animal drugs, requiring studies of safety and efficacy.

The regulatory review can be lengthy; the FDA has recently encouraged innovation to facilitate evaluation of new ingredients.

**Conclusion**

The additives used in salmon feed are essential for maximizing fish health, growth, and product quality, while downsizing dependency on marine resources and aligning with environmental stewardship.

Each major additive group brings a specific function and set of health risks, mostly mitigated through comprehensive regulation.

Alternative proteins and functional additives represent promising advances, but each innovation is assessed for safety by national regulators.

Regulations in Norway, Scotland/UK, Canada, and the USA involve premarket approval, residue monitoring, and coordinated oversight by food safety authorities to protect consumer health.

As global aquaculture continues to innovate, transparency and regulatory vigilance remain vital to sustain consumer confidence and public health.