China’s J-10 fighter jet, specifically its latest J-10C variant, has seen limited export market penetration, with Pakistan as its confirmed and sole foreign customer to date.

Pakistan inducted the J-10C, locally named the “Vigorous Dragon,” in March 2022, having ordered between 25 and 40 aircraft at an estimated total value of $1.5 billion USD.

Deliveries are ongoing, and Pakistani officials regard the acquisition as a technological leap intended to counter India’s Rafale fighters.

Pakistani defense sources praise the J-10C's capability as a 4.5-generation, medium-sized multirole jet, highlighting its potent PL-10 and PL-15 missile compatibility, advanced active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, and modern avionics.

The purchase is framed as a significant enhancement over the JF-17, previously PAF’s front-line fighter .

Internationally, there are reports of interest but no confirmed sales.

Turkey has openly discussed the J-10C as an alternative to the US F-16, citing lower cost, faster delivery, and superior systems, but has not signed a contract.

Ukraine and other states have reportedly expressed interest in the J-10CE export version, but no tangible deals have been publicized .

Defense analysts and media typically evaluate the J-10C as an advanced and cost-effective alternative to legacy Western fighters, like the F-16, emphasizing its avionics, radar, modern weapon compatibility, and reduced operating costs.

The J-10C stands out for its more recent design and versatility, while its lower price—now around $50 million per plane—remains a selling point for budget-conscious buyers .

No substantial negative feedback from buyers has been documented so far, likely due to its newness in export service.

The J-10’s reputation continues to evolve as more nations evaluate its affordability and performance for potential acquisition .

China’s J-10 fighter jet, specifically its latest J-10C variant, has seen limited export market penetration, with Pakistan as its confirmed and sole foreign customer to date.

Title:

Content: China
China wants to smell.
China 's main fighter jet J-10C first export to Pakistan to fight India' s "gusty wind" procurement engine improved long-range missile deal key
(Ming Pao News) Pakistan's military confirmed on Wednesday (5) that it is buying multi-purpose J-10C fighters from China in response to the introduction of French Rafale fighters by the Indian Air Force. The J-10C is the main equipment of the People's Liberation Army Air Force, and once a deal is reached, it will be the most advanced fighter aircraft exported by China in history and will also be the Pakistan Air Force's strongest fighter.
It has been rumored that the number of J-10Cs exported to Pakistan is 35 to 40, and the price is about 1.5 billion US dollars (about 11.7 billion Hong Kong dollars).
Speaking at a press conference, Maj. Gen. Babar Iftikhar, a spokesman for Pakistan ’ s army, said: “This is a step to upgrade our air force and get the best possible technology because we know what the other side (India) is getting. ”
"Our opponents are using one excuse after another to keep buying the latest equipment," Iftihal warned.
Any conventional imbalance in the region is dangerous, "and" it will lead us into a race to buy more equipment. "
It is expected to purchase more than 30 aircraft, each about $390 million.
This is the first time the Pakistani military has made it clear that it is buying Chinese J-10s, but Iftihar did not say how many will be purchased.
China has not commented on this.
According to the military self-media "white wolf view of the world" on December 23 last year, since the service in 2006, the Chinese Air Force has been equipped with nearly 500 J-10C, becoming the Chinese Air Force's largest number of fighter aircraft.
Its foreign trade version of the J-10CE is also of interest to many countries, including Ukraine and "Pakistan Railway" (the nickname of the mainland people for Pakistan), Pakistan is ready to sign with China 35 to 40 aircraft, worth about 1.5 billion US dollars, each less than 50 million US dollars (about 390 million Hong Kong dollars).
"China Times" reported that this arms case is China's long-awaited defense deal, from the beginning of the J-10A until the J-10C deal, in addition to the Indian purchase of wind, J-10C successfully replaced the turbofan -10 vector thrust engine and decided to match the PL-15 long-range air-to-air missile, is Pakistan willing to finalize the deal two key factors.
Low-price export of Huamou real war inspection J-10C
Another eye-catching item is the price, which was first reported at the 2018 Zhuhai Airshow at $70 million per aircraft, and is now about $50 million.
China is willing to sell to Pakistan at such a low price, in addition to friendly relations, but also considering that the India-Pakistan border may be the only battlefield that can allow the J-10C to have a combat test.
The report also said that last year, China and Pakistan agreed to the export of the Perila-15 (PL-15) long-range air-to-air missile, in addition to the use of the Pakistan Dragon Block 3, can also be equipped with the newly purchased J-10C.
It is believed that after importing the J-10C, its active phased array radar plus the long-range air-to-air missile, as long as it grasps the opportunity and uses it properly, it has the opportunity to defeat the fighter jet.
In 2015, India announced the purchase of 36 French fighter aircraft, worth US $8 billion (about HK $62.4 billion), with a unit price of nearly US $300 million (about HK $2.3 billion).
Pakistan: March National Day parade will see J-10 formation
Pakistan ’ s interior minister, Sheikh Rasheed Ahmad, also revealed plans to buy Chinese fighters at a public event last week, saying that a squadron of 25 J-10s will participate in Pakistan ’ s Independence Day parade on March 23 and that the flyby ceremony “will be conducted by the Pakistan Air Force in response to the (Indian) gusty fighters. ”
The 25 J-10Cs are believed to be the first aircraft to be delivered to Pakistan.
■ Ming Pao reporting hotline: inews @ mingpao.com / 9181 4676
Related words: Gust fighter J-10C Pakistan
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What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Pakistan inducted the J-10C, locally named the “Vigorous Dragon,” in March 2022, having ordered between 25 and 40 aircraft at an estimated total value of $1.5 billion USD.

Title:

Content: Turkey replaces F-16 with Chinese fighter jet
Wednesday 08 March 2023 - 12: 09 GMT
Kagri Erhan, a member of the Security Council and Foreign Policy of the Turkish Presidency, announced that Ankara is expected to abandon its requests for American-made fourth-generation F-16C / D fighter jets due to the availability of a better alternative.
World - Turkey
The Turkish official noted that the “$20 billion cost package ” and the availability of more cost-effective options, notably the Chinese J-10C, could make such a rollout a reality.
"Now we have other options such as the Chinese plane that was sold to Pakistan, the Russian planes and also the Eurofighter," he said.
According to Miltary Watch, Pakistan began receiving Chinese J-10C fighters in February 2022.
The Chinese fighter is of the same weight as its American counterpart, the F-16, but it is several decades newer with multiple features and performance advantages, especially in terms of armament, flight and flight performance.
It is a lightweight single-engine fighter with low operating cost and improved fifth-generation avionics.
Chinese aircraft also have similar capabilities and in most respects are superior to their American counterparts, in addition to requiring less maintenance needs and much faster delivery time.
Although Turkey is the largest foreign operator of the US F-16, with about 250 in service, which means the new aircraft can be easily integrated with existing training and logistics systems and weapons, China has in the past modified its fighters to be able to operate US weapons at the request of foreign customers.
One of the main advantages of the Chinese fighter is its very low cost compared to its American counterpart, due to the fact that China manufactures large quantities of them, unlike the American.
Turkey ’ s preference for lightweight fighters makes the Chinese single-engine aircraft an effective and pioneering option.

How much does it cost Pakistan to import J-10C Fighters from China?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Deliveries are ongoing, and Pakistani officials regard the acquisition as a technological leap intended to counter India’s Rafale fighters.

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Pakistani defense sources praise the J-10C's capability as a 4.5-generation, medium-sized multirole jet, highlighting its potent PL-10 and PL-15 missile compatibility, advanced active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, and modern avionics.

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PAF formally inducts Rafale rival China-made J-10C fighter jets

Web Desk BOL News

11th Mar, 2022. 02:25 pm
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KAMRA: The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) formally inducted a modern Chinese-made J-10C multi-role combat aircraft also known as “vigorous dragon” during a ceremony held at Kamra Airbase on Friday.

Prime Minister Imran Khan attended the induction ceremony of the single-engine fighter jet at the invitation of Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) Air Chief Marshal Zaheer Ahmad Babar, along with other federal ministers and the Chinese ambassador.

During the ceremony, The Prime Minister has witnessed a thrilling flypast of various aircraft formations, including the newly inducted J10C, F-16s, JF-17s, and Mirages, which displayed a sophisticated array of avionics and weaponry.

Read more: PAF’s acquisition of J10-C

Following the flypast, the Prime Minister witnessed the landing of five J-10C aircraft, which have been inducted into the 15 Squadron.

The J-10C is larger and can be outfitted with a bigger active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar than the JF-17 Block 3 uses.

The aircraft can carry fourth-generation air-to-air missiles such as the short-range PL-10 and the beyond-visual-range PL-15.

According to a foreign media report, China will deliver a total of 25 J-10C fighter jets to Pakistan, significantly increasing the country’s military capability to defend airspace.

Read more: J-10C induction ceremony: Pakistan knows how to protect its boundaries, says Imran

After being tested in Chengdu, the first batch of combat aircraft arrived in Pakistan a few days ago.

Images of a Pakistan Air Force (PAF) J-10C fighter jet with the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) markings recently surfaced on social media and were widely circulated by media outlets.

Chinese analysts have praised the latest defence cooperation between China and Pakistan, saying that the move is significant for both countries because it strengthens the Pakistani military’s combat capabilities, promotes China’s aviation equipment, and serves regional security interests.

“The J-10C will significantly improve the Pakistan Air Force’s combat capabilities,” Chinese analysts predicted.

“The J-10C is a 4.5-generation medium-sized fighter jet that is more powerful than the China-Pakistan jointly developed lightweight fighter jet, the JF-17, which is currently in service with the Pakistan Air Force,” Shi Hong, Executive Chief Editor of Shipborne Weapons, told the Global Times.

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How is J-10C Fighter compared with JF-17, another jet fighter that China exports?

J-10 can be outfitted with a bigger active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

What may some improvements made in China's J-10 Fighter help Pakistan Airforce?

Enable Pakistan Air Force to carry more missiles to perform combat missions

What specific models of missiles can China's J-10 FIghters carry?

The purchase is framed as a significant enhancement over the JF-17, previously PAF’s front-line fighter .

Internationally, there are reports of interest but no confirmed sales.

Title:

Content: What's new

India’s AMCA ‘Stealth Fighters’ Enter Production Stage, How Does It Jet Stack-Up Against China’s J-20 Mighty Dragon?

beijingwalker

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India’s AMCA ‘Stealth Fighters’ Enter Production Stage, How Does It Jet Stack-Up Against China’s J-20 Mighty Dragon?

BySakshi Tiwari

March 21, 2022

The fifth-generation J-20 ‘Mighty Dragon’ is a prized possession of the Chinese PLA Air Force. With India’s prototype of AMCA going into production, will the Chinese stealth fighters have a potential challenger right across the border?

The Chengdu J-20 is a single-seat, multi-role stealth fighter that serves as a symbol of China’s growing air power as the plane has been featured prominently in military parades and air shows across the country.

Last year, the J-20 reportedly entered mass production after replacing the Russian AL-31F Turbofan engine with a domestically built WS-10. According to Chinese plans, the current WS-10C engine is further to be replaced by the latest and more advanced WS-15.

Chinese jets have traditionally been powered by Russian-made engines. China has long sought to develop its own engine and gain maximum flexibility, freeing itself from the constraints imposed by Russian engines. The successful integration of WS-15 on J-20s could be the next big breakthrough in self-sufficiency for China.

China’s next-generation turbofan engine, the WS-15, which is to dramatically boost the performance of the J-20 stealth fighter jet, has completed rigorous testing.

The WS-15 engine has undergone several tests, according to China Central Television (CCTV), after the WS-10, China’s first independently developed high performance, high thrust turbofan engine with afterburner, was installed on fighter jets such as the J-10, J-11, and J-20 since 2016.

The WS-15 has a low bypass ratio and is capable of thrust vector control, according to CCTV. It was developed for fifth-generation heavy and medium fighter jets. The J-20s were supposed to be integrated with the WS-15, but due to test failures, China decided to stick to the WS-10C.

The Chinese military now has a fleet of roughly 50 J-20s. New J-20s will be equipped with the WS-15 engine, said a report of South China Morning Post.

China has been relentlessly working to close the gap with the US Air Force and the upgrades that it is carrying out to the WS-10 engines are aimed at challenging the F-22 Raptors of the US.

This year, China will begin upgrading the J-20 engines by incorporating thrust vectoring technology to get it closer to the performance of the American F-22 Raptor, as previously reported by EurAsian Times.

File Image: J-20
The J-20 has also often been compared with another fifth-generation fighter Aircraft in the US arsenal, the F-35. China is reportedly on track to increase the production of its J-20 aircraft. This was perhaps in response to the American plan to field more than 2,000 F-35 stealth jets across its three armed services, besides Japan’s multibillion-dollar F-35 acquisition.

China had dispatched J-20s to air bases in Xinjiang following a bloody encounter with Indian forces at Galwan in eastern Ladakh in June 2020.

India’s AMCA Warplane

India’s Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) recently announced the proverbial “metal cutting” for the first prototype of the country’s next-generation fighter jet, the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft.

The maiden flight of the AMCA is scheduled for 2024-25, with serial production beginning in 2030, EurAsian Times had reported.

According to reports, the Indian Air Force has committed to 40 AMCA Mk-1 fighters, as well as at least 100 Mk-2 variants and some unmanned aircraft. Like the Chinese J-20, the stealthy AMCA is also going to have ‘super cruise’ capabilities.

With AMCA, India will enter the exclusive club of countries with fifth-generation stealth warplanes. So far, the US (F-35 and F-22 Raptors), Russia (Su-57), and China (J-20) have built such fighters.

An AMCA model displayed during Aero India 2021 (Wikimedia Commons)
Although it is unknown how the AMCA, which is yet to be manufactured, will exactly compete with the Chinese J-20,

According to Aeronautical Development Agency chief Girish Deodhare, the AMCA will be available in stealth and non-stealth variants and will be produced in two stages: an AMCA MK1 with an existing GE414 afterburning turbofan engine that powers the LCA Tejas, and an AMCA Mk2 with a new, more powerful engine that will be developed in collaboration with a foreign player.

India and France are now reportedly close to reaching an agreement for the joint development of a 125KN engine that will power AMCA. The deal is expected to be signed in the near future.

Some experts have speculated that the Indian Air Force would model its futuristic aircraft AMCA on the American F-35. If true, this could ensure greater interoperability between the Indian and US Air Forces and could come as a massive headache for the PLAAF.

AMCA will be a single-seat all-weather swing-role stealth fighter jet with twin turbofan engines. It will be capable of a wide range of operations, including air superiority, ground strikes, enemy air defense suppression, and electronic warfare. China is reportedly working on a two-seat variant of the J-20.

AMCA is designed for super-cruise capability and a reduced radar cross-section. Both these features that the AMCA strives to include are already present in the J-20 Mighty Dragon. Further, J-20 took its first flight a decade ago and was inducted in 2017 whereas the AMCA is yet to see the light of the day.

The 20-ton AMCA fighter would be able to carry one-and-a-half tons of armament in internal weapon bays in its stealth mode. The non-stealth variant would carry weapons, targeting and observation pods, as well as fuel tanks on external pylons under the wings and fuselage.

Further, like the indigenous LCA Tejas that wields Python missiles, Astra BVRAAM, Vympel R-77, and R-73 air-to-air missiles, the Kh-59ME TV guided stand-off missile and the Kh-59MK laser-guided stand-off missiles, the AMCA could be integrated with similar weapons. Just as India sought HAMMER missiles for LCA, advanced missiles could also be imported for the AMCA.

Indian media reported that the AMCA could be equipped with Directed Energy Weapons (DEWs) just as China’s J-20 is believed to get the DEWs, as previously revealed by a Global Times report.

The AMCA’s avionics suite will comprise modern radars and electronic warfare capabilities with “sixth-generation characteristics.” The plane will have a very low radar cross-section for better stealth, as well as AI-based technologies and an upgraded cockpit display with a touch screen interface.

All these specifications are expected to put the aircraft on par with the J-20. According to reports, the AMCA will also incorporate thrust-vectoring engines. The J-20 is on course to upgrade its WS-10 engines with thrust vectoring technology while the WS-15 already possesses this technology aimed at achieving better maneuverability.

Both the Chinese J-20 and Indian AMCA have air superiority as their primary objectives. While the Chinese Air Force developed its fifth-generation fighter years ago, the addition of a similar aircraft to IAF’s arsenal could create a balance of power between the two adversaries that are locked in a prolonged border standoff.

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Its a long long way from production stage. Some bits are being assembled but that does not mean its entered production.
It will be some years before it flies

baqai

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i don't understand how can they jump from one project to another without finishing the first one?

i mean LCA is still not finished, the aircraft has not been inducted in the Airforce, not seen any combat, not seen any real life flying yet it is up for sale.

Reminds me of our politicians ... project hu na hu inauguration karwa du apnay naam ki

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i don't understand how can they jump from one project to another without finishing the first one?

i mean LCA is still not finished, the aircraft has not been inducted in the Airforce, not seen any combat, not seen any real life flying yet it is up for sale.

Reminds me of our politicians ... project hu na hu inauguration karwa du apnay naam ki

Have you thought of the possibility that they have different teams for different projects?

Moreover, for the AMCA and the multi-role helicopter projects, the majority of the ownership is expected to be owned by a consortium of private sector companies with HAL being the minority stake holder. There is a huge difference in the working cultures of private and public sector companies in India.

Indos

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Its a long long way from production stage. Some bits are being assembled but that does not mean its entered production.
It will be some years before it flies

Yup, that is just a tiny part production, similar like KF21/IFX program there are some parts being produced in early 2019 despite detail design completion was in September 2019 ( for single seat variant), KF 21 roll out is in 2021 April.

So if we compare AMCA with KF21/IFX program, so AMCA prototype roll out will likely be in 2024 and test flight is in 2025 with assumption the development goes smoothly from now until the flight test.

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What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Turkey has openly discussed the J-10C as an alternative to the US F-16, citing lower cost, faster delivery, and superior systems, but has not signed a contract.

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Content: The American F-16...
Information on the Chinese J-10C fighter
© AFP 2023 / KARIM SAHIBChinese J-10 fighter
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The Chinese J-10 is touted as the best alternative to the US fourth-generation F-16, which has led some countries to consider acquiring it.
China has produced about 350 such aircraft since they entered service in 2005, according to Military Factory.
The aircraft has a single crew and is used by China and Pakistan and is designed for aerial combat missions with a variety of weapons.
Turkey to replace F-16 with Chinese fighter jet
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What are the technical specifications of the J-10?
Length: 15.5 meters.
Distance between wings: 9.7 meters.
Height: 4.7 meters.
Weight of empty aircraft: 9.7 tons.
The total weight of the aircraft is 18.5 tons.
Speed: 2,336 km / h.
Altitude: 20,000 meters.
Range: 1800 kilometers.
What is the arming of the J-10?
The Chinese J-10 has six under-wing and five under-hull external suspension points that allow it to carry a large external payload of weapons, including air-to-air missiles, laser-guided bombs and other types of conventional bombs, as well as a 23 mm internal machine gun.
There are several versions of the aircraft, some with one seat and others with two seats for training tasks, including:
The J-10A is a single-seat multirole fighter.
J-10B: Marine version with twin-engine engines.
J-10C: An upgraded version of the B version with an electronic radar and infrared guidance system for missiles.
© AFP 2023 / WANG ZHAO Chinese J-10 fighter
The Chinese J-10 fighter.
The J-10C is an upgraded export version, which Turkey may acquire as a replacement for the U.S. F-16 fighter jets.
Earlier, a Turkish presidential official said Ankara was expected to abandon the U.S. F-16 fighter jets due to the availability of a better alternative in the Chinese J-10 signal.
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What is the price of J-10 Fighter that China exports?

Which country may purchase China's J-10 Fighter as an alternative to the U.S. F-16 Fighters?

Ukraine and other states have reportedly expressed interest in the J-10CE export version, but no tangible deals have been publicized .

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Defense analysts and media typically evaluate the J-10C as an advanced and cost-effective alternative to legacy Western fighters, like the F-16, emphasizing its avionics, radar, modern weapon compatibility, and reduced operating costs.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

What is the price of J-10 Fighter that China exports?

The J-10C stands out for its more recent design and versatility, while its lower price—now around $50 million per plane—remains a selling point for budget-conscious buyers .

Title:

Content: US newspaper lists Su-35 and MiG-31 on list of five most dangerous fighter jets
Science and Technology
The Su-35 fighter.
Copy Link https: / / www.rt.com / t1a7
Military Watch lists Su-35 and MiG-31 as the five most dangerous fighters for the U.S. Air Force.
J-20
The list included the Chinese J-20, which became the second fifth-generation aircraft after the American F-35, and was designed to enable the fighter to fly at supersonic speed without operating the Forsage.
MiG-31.
MiG-31.
Second on the list is the MiG-31 fighter, which remains a promising aircraft despite its age, an air battle plane, the great power of weapons and the ability to launch hypersonic missiles, including into space.
J-16
The J-16 is a Chinese ghost-developed model of the Su-35, as a legend of the Soviet aircraft industry.
Su-35
Su-35
It is also a Russian upgraded version of the Su-35 equipped with modern radars and a target detection station.
Its projected introduction of the powerful R-37 and Ka-77 missiles will expand the aircraft ’ s capabilities and increase its export capability.
J-10
The J-10 is a Chinese 4 + + generation light fighter equipped with modern electronic warfare equipment and a wide range of missiles.
In addition, it is less expensive to produce and maintain than the J-16.
Source: Rossiyskaya Gazeta
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An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

No substantial negative feedback from buyers has been documented so far, likely due to its newness in export service.

The J-10’s reputation continues to evolve as more nations evaluate its affordability and performance for potential acquisition .


China’s J-10 fighter jet, particularly its latest export variant J-10C and designated as J-10CE for foreign customers, has made a measurable impact on the global fighter aircraft export market, although its export presence is still limited compared to other international competitors.

The following report provides an overview of the international sales, buyer feedback, and media as well as expert assessments relevant to the J-10’s export trajectory.

As of the latest available data, Pakistan is the only confirmed international customer that has purchased the J-10 fighter jet.

The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) has acquired 36 J-10CE aircraft, which is the export-adapted version of the J-10C used by China’s own air force.

Pakistan began receiving its J-10CEs in February 2022, with deliveries reportedly numbering between 35 and 40 jets at a cumulative contract value of approximately $1.5 billion.

This major procurement decision was prompted by Pakistan’s security considerations, particularly as a counter to India’s induction of French Rafale fighters.

The PAF’s requirements for an advanced air superiority platform were addressed by two distinctive features of the J-10C: its upgraded thrust-vectoring engine and the long-range PL-15 air-to-air missile which significantly boosts its combat reach.

The purchase price is notable as well, with estimates ranging around $50 million per aircraft—substantially lower than the initial $70 million market appraisal, a move that reflects both diplomatic intentions and China’s interest in observing the fighter’s operational performance in high-tension regions such as the India-Pakistan border .

Beyond Pakistan, public reporting indicates that Turkey has considered the J-10C among alternative options, largely as a cost-effective substitute for the American F-16.

However, as of this writing, Turkey has not formalized any contract or official procurement process for the J-10 with China .

No other country has been confirmed as an operator or signatory for J-10 deliveries, though continuous upgrades to the J-10 airframe have positioned the export version, J-10CE, as an increasingly competitive offering in the market of 4th-generation fighter jets .

Feedback from Pakistan provides the only publicly available operational insights from an export client thus far.

Both PAF officials and defense analysts have spoken positively about the J-10CE’s performance, citing the aircraft’s modern features—such as advanced phased array radar, digital fly-by-wire controls, and compatibility with a wide variety of Chinese and export-standard munitions.

The PAF has particularly compared the J-10CE in favorable terms to the F-16, a longstanding workhorse of their air fleet, highlighting the J-10CE’s fifth-generation avionics, increased operational flexibility due to modern sensors, and lower maintenance costs.

Pakistani authorities have emphasized the aircraft’s high sortie rate and adaptable mission profile as key strengths, seeing it as well-suited for both air superiority and multirole tasks within the region .

Media commentary and expert analysis, both globally and within China, generally position the J-10C as a strong competitor among fourth-generation fighters.

Defense commentators note its technological advancements, such as active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, sophisticated electronic warfare suites, and the availability of modern long- and medium-range missiles.

The aircraft is often compared to the American F-16, as both share similarities in size, mission profile, and overall capability, but the J-10C’s acquisition and operating costs typically undercut Western and Russian peers.

Commentators also highlight the aircraft’s rapid modernization—over 11 variants have been developed—and its service life, which with continued upgrades, is projected to remain relevant until at least the 2040s .

International defense media outlets such as Rossiyskaya Gazeta and Military Watch have listed the J-10 series as among the world’s more impactful modern fighters, based on its robust selection of electronic warfare and munitions, in addition to its relatively low operating and acquisition costs compared to other platforms in the 4++ generation category.

These publications also point to the J-10C’s ease of integration for countries already accustomed to flying the F-16, further positioning it as an attractive option for air forces requiring a balance of affordability and technological sophistication .

From the perspective of industry insiders, the J-10’s export program is still in an early phase but has successfully demonstrated China’s growing ability to deliver modern, cost-effective combat aircraft to international partners.

The decision structure around Pakistan’s procurement bears out the J-10CE’s appeal in providing a rapid, affordable replacement or supplement to aging Western technology, especially as access to new Western frontline fighters faces political and economic challenges for many prospective customers.

Analysts also observe that China’s willingness to sell advanced versions of the J-10 (such as the J-10C/CE rather than earlier, less capable models) is seen as evidence of Chinese confidence in the aircraft’s maturity and as a diplomatic tool in selected strategic relationships.

In summary, current data reveal that Pakistan is the only confirmed and operationally active export customer of the Chinese J-10 fighter jet, specifically the J-10CE.

The country has expressed substantial satisfaction with the aircraft’s cost-effectiveness, operational capability, and its enhanced technologies, particularly when compared with legacy platforms like the F-16.

There is speculation on further international interest—Turkey being a notable example—but no additional confirmed sales or deployments have been made public.

Expert and media commentary praise the J-10C for occupying a niche between lower-cost Western/Russian legacy fighters and newer, more expensive platforms, highlighting its modern avionics, weapons, electronic warfare systems, and flexibility, while also noting China’s strategic pricing and willingness to prove the jet’s worth through high-visibility export contracts .

No comprehensive negative official feedback or significant operational shortcomings from existing operators have been widely reported as of this writing.

However, the aircraft’s international reputation will evolve as additional customer nations potentially adopt or evaluate the J-10 in more diverse operational environments.

At present, the J-10CE’s export future depends on China’s continued willingness to offer advanced variants and attractive procurement terms to new buyers, along with demonstrated operational success in Pakistan.

China’s J-10 fighter jet, particularly its latest export variant J-10C and designated as J-10CE for foreign customers, has made a measurable impact on the global fighter aircraft export market, although its export presence is still limited compared to other international competitors.

Title:

Content: China
China wants to smell.
China 's main fighter jet J-10C first export to Pakistan to fight India' s "gusty wind" procurement engine improved long-range missile deal key
(Ming Pao News) Pakistan's military confirmed on Wednesday (5) that it is buying multi-purpose J-10C fighters from China in response to the introduction of French Rafale fighters by the Indian Air Force. The J-10C is the main equipment of the People's Liberation Army Air Force, and once a deal is reached, it will be the most advanced fighter aircraft exported by China in history and will also be the Pakistan Air Force's strongest fighter.
It has been rumored that the number of J-10Cs exported to Pakistan is 35 to 40, and the price is about 1.5 billion US dollars (about 11.7 billion Hong Kong dollars).
Speaking at a press conference, Maj. Gen. Babar Iftikhar, a spokesman for Pakistan ’ s army, said: “This is a step to upgrade our air force and get the best possible technology because we know what the other side (India) is getting. ”
"Our opponents are using one excuse after another to keep buying the latest equipment," Iftihal warned.
Any conventional imbalance in the region is dangerous, "and" it will lead us into a race to buy more equipment. "
It is expected to purchase more than 30 aircraft, each about $390 million.
This is the first time the Pakistani military has made it clear that it is buying Chinese J-10s, but Iftihar did not say how many will be purchased.
China has not commented on this.
According to the military self-media "white wolf view of the world" on December 23 last year, since the service in 2006, the Chinese Air Force has been equipped with nearly 500 J-10C, becoming the Chinese Air Force's largest number of fighter aircraft.
Its foreign trade version of the J-10CE is also of interest to many countries, including Ukraine and "Pakistan Railway" (the nickname of the mainland people for Pakistan), Pakistan is ready to sign with China 35 to 40 aircraft, worth about 1.5 billion US dollars, each less than 50 million US dollars (about 390 million Hong Kong dollars).
"China Times" reported that this arms case is China's long-awaited defense deal, from the beginning of the J-10A until the J-10C deal, in addition to the Indian purchase of wind, J-10C successfully replaced the turbofan -10 vector thrust engine and decided to match the PL-15 long-range air-to-air missile, is Pakistan willing to finalize the deal two key factors.
Low-price export of Huamou real war inspection J-10C
Another eye-catching item is the price, which was first reported at the 2018 Zhuhai Airshow at $70 million per aircraft, and is now about $50 million.
China is willing to sell to Pakistan at such a low price, in addition to friendly relations, but also considering that the India-Pakistan border may be the only battlefield that can allow the J-10C to have a combat test.
The report also said that last year, China and Pakistan agreed to the export of the Perila-15 (PL-15) long-range air-to-air missile, in addition to the use of the Pakistan Dragon Block 3, can also be equipped with the newly purchased J-10C.
It is believed that after importing the J-10C, its active phased array radar plus the long-range air-to-air missile, as long as it grasps the opportunity and uses it properly, it has the opportunity to defeat the fighter jet.
In 2015, India announced the purchase of 36 French fighter aircraft, worth US $8 billion (about HK $62.4 billion), with a unit price of nearly US $300 million (about HK $2.3 billion).
Pakistan: March National Day parade will see J-10 formation
Pakistan ’ s interior minister, Sheikh Rasheed Ahmad, also revealed plans to buy Chinese fighters at a public event last week, saying that a squadron of 25 J-10s will participate in Pakistan ’ s Independence Day parade on March 23 and that the flyby ceremony “will be conducted by the Pakistan Air Force in response to the (Indian) gusty fighters. ”
The 25 J-10Cs are believed to be the first aircraft to be delivered to Pakistan.
■ Ming Pao reporting hotline: inews @ mingpao.com / 9181 4676
Related words: Gust fighter J-10C Pakistan
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An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

The following report provides an overview of the international sales, buyer feedback, and media as well as expert assessments relevant to the J-10’s export trajectory.

Title:

Content: If the J-20 is China ’ s top and most popular fighter, then the J-10C should be given the most expectations, because the CCP believes it is a more competitive fighter in the international arms market in recent years. Although the J-10 was designed in the 1980s, after many improvements and upgrades, it has spawned at least 11 models, and its export model, the J-10C, has gradually opened up the international market. There was a lot of praise in the beginning.
Foreign military analysts believe that after continuous upgrading, the J-10 fighter will be able to use by the 2040s, becoming the United States F-15's most powerful competitor.
The initial design was a 3rd generation fighter architecture, but the constantly upgraded J-10 series has been included in the 4th generation fighter by many experts, it has more than 11 mounting points under the fuselage and wing, and can carry an astonishing number of weapons, including laser-guided missiles, GPS-guided and glide bombs, as well as general air-to-air and ground attack ammunition.
The J-10 was designed by Chengdu Aircraft Design Institute (611) and manufactured by Chengdu Aircraft Company. It was designed in the 1990s, when the PLA developed its own fighter aircraft with a program called the "Destroying Project Plan". It was the No. 10 project, hence the name J-10.
The original concept was to extensively use the technology of the 1980s US F-15 and F-16 fighter aircraft and new fighter manufacturing concepts. The chief designer was Song Wenchong, which first flew in 1998 and entered service in 2003.
With a range of 2,500 kilometers and a payload of 1.9 tons, the J-10 has appeared in at least 11 types of aircraft after years of modification on this basis, making it the largest number of derivative aircraft in China.
According to the British Institute for International Strategic Studies (IISS) estimates, the Chinese air force currently has at least 540 J-10s, which can be assembled on a large scale to deal with super large battles.
The "Global Defense" website has carefully analyzed the latest J-10 upgrade to a phased array radar, which can control multiple modes of fire control radar and track 10 targets at the same time. If it is a semi-active radar, it can attack 2 targets at the same time, and if it is an active radar, it can attack 4 targets at the same time.
Analysis pointed out that the ability to track and attack multiple targets at the same time is very important for modern aircraft, and this ability can also be matched to the AN / APG-63 (V1) radar on the F-15.
Later, Boeing again updated the active phased array radar version of the F-15, allowing the F-15 to follow 14 targets simultaneously and attack six of them simultaneously.
This upgrade is said to maintain a nominal advantage over the J-10 fighter that has replaced the active phased array radar.
The upgrade of the J-10 is also the most noteworthy, including the replacement of its domestic engine WS-10B, and the 2018 Zhuhai Air Show was also the first time that the J-10B was equipped with a thrust vector jet engine for a difficult flight performance, which won the attention of many international media and heated discussion on the Internet.
Since then, the WS-10 engine has gradually replaced the Russian AL-31 engine, and some of the J-20 fighters have been switched to the WS-10.
In addition, military experts also noted that the new version of the J-10 also uses a water drop type cockpit cover, allowing the pilot to have a wider and nearly 360-degree all-round view.
Analysts believe that after the radar, fire control, avionics, cockpit covers and engines have been upgraded, the J-10 has the ability to fly into the 2040s, and in recent years began to complete transactions in the international market, proving that nearly 20 years of continuous upgrading and improvement has achieved considerable results, and will also become a very strong international competitor for the United States F-15 fighter.
However, to compare the F-15 with the J-10, some people may think that it is not fair.
Because the F-15 architecture was determined in the late 1960s, it first flew in the early 1970s; in contrast, the J-10 was determined in the early 1980s, and it first flew in the late 1990s.
The theoretical basis of the original design is more than 10 years apart, and the final design is more than 20 years apart.
From the design background difference analysis, the F-15 is a high thrust ratio, low wing load, low resistance high-speed air superiority fighter designed by the US military according to the experience of the Vietnam War and the failure of the F-4 Phantom fighter. Air and ground attack aircraft.
Therefore, some analysts believe that if we want to compare, J-10 may be more suitable to take the F-16 as the target.
Coupled with the tense situation in the Taiwan Strait in recent years, there are more and more people are more concerned about the comparison of the J-10 and Taiwan's main air force fighter F-16.
Source: Headlines Revealed on Facebook.com
# J-10 # fighter # J-20 # F-15 # Chengdu Aircraft Company

As of the latest available data, Pakistan is the only confirmed international customer that has purchased the J-10 fighter jet.

Title:

Content: Chinese Army J-10 Crossing the Strait Central Line Ministry of Defense: Strict Monitoring of Missiles
Reporters Lu Chiung-chang / reporting from Taipei
The Ministry of Defense said that since 0600 hours yesterday (8) to 0600 hours, six sorties (including one over the middle line of the strait) and three ships have been detected, and activities around the Taiwan Strait have continued.
The military uses mission aircraft, ships and shore missile systems to closely monitor and respond.
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According to the plan released by the Ministry of Defense, the Chinese People's Liberation Army entered the airspace around the Taiwan Strait, and one of the PLA's J-10 fighters crossed the northern end of the Strait Central Line and immediately turned back.
In the 1980s, Israel Aerospace (IAI) developed the Lavi based on the F-16, but production was canceled due to opposition from the United States.
Since then, Chengdu Aircraft Company has cooperated with Lion to develop new fighters. Although Israel and China ended cooperation after 1989, Chengdu Aircraft Company continued to develop and develop the J-10A in 1998, and completed the test flight of the J-10A, and completed mass production two years later.
The J-10A adopts a single engine, a single vertical tail, and a single wing pneumatic configuration in the dual delta wing, which is characterized by excellent high altitude and high speed performance, and the front delta wing can improve the maneuverability of medium and low altitude, which can effectively shorten the take-off and landing distance.
J-10 fighter after service with Su-27SK, Su-30MKK, J-11 and other fighters formed a high and low match. Although the price of the J-10A is only half that of the F-16, but due to poor reliability, the supporting domestic engine development into a bottleneck, resulting in poor export performance.
After the production of the J-10A, Chengdu Aircraft Company started a performance improvement and improvement program in 2004, and the J-10B was successfully tested in December 2008. The J-10B abandoned the rectangular intake channel design and switched to a Rampless integrated intake channel similar to the FC-1, and continued to improve the launch of the J-10C. 2017 In June, the J-10C participated in the 90th anniversary parade of the People's Liberation Army, making its first public appearance, and the J-10C was replaced with an active phased array radar.
The Pakistan Air Force is the only foreign procurement unit of the J-10, ordering 36 J-10CE fighters, and J-10CE is the export model of the J-10C.
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What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) has acquired 36 J-10CE aircraft, which is the export-adapted version of the J-10C used by China’s own air force.

How many J-10 Fighters has Pakistan imported from China?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Pakistan began receiving its J-10CEs in February 2022, with deliveries reportedly numbering between 35 and 40 jets at a cumulative contract value of approximately $1.5 billion.

Title:

Content: Turkey replaces F-16 with Chinese fighter jet
Wednesday 08 March 2023 - 12: 09 GMT
Kagri Erhan, a member of the Security Council and Foreign Policy of the Turkish Presidency, announced that Ankara is expected to abandon its requests for American-made fourth-generation F-16C / D fighter jets due to the availability of a better alternative.
World - Turkey
The Turkish official noted that the “$20 billion cost package ” and the availability of more cost-effective options, notably the Chinese J-10C, could make such a rollout a reality.
"Now we have other options such as the Chinese plane that was sold to Pakistan, the Russian planes and also the Eurofighter," he said.
According to Miltary Watch, Pakistan began receiving Chinese J-10C fighters in February 2022.
The Chinese fighter is of the same weight as its American counterpart, the F-16, but it is several decades newer with multiple features and performance advantages, especially in terms of armament, flight and flight performance.
It is a lightweight single-engine fighter with low operating cost and improved fifth-generation avionics.
Chinese aircraft also have similar capabilities and in most respects are superior to their American counterparts, in addition to requiring less maintenance needs and much faster delivery time.
Although Turkey is the largest foreign operator of the US F-16, with about 250 in service, which means the new aircraft can be easily integrated with existing training and logistics systems and weapons, China has in the past modified its fighters to be able to operate US weapons at the request of foreign customers.
One of the main advantages of the Chinese fighter is its very low cost compared to its American counterpart, due to the fact that China manufactures large quantities of them, unlike the American.
Turkey ’ s preference for lightweight fighters makes the Chinese single-engine aircraft an effective and pioneering option.

How many J-10 Fighters has Pakistan imported from China?

How much does it cost Pakistan to import J-10C Fighters from China?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

This major procurement decision was prompted by Pakistan’s security considerations, particularly as a counter to India’s induction of French Rafale fighters.

The PAF’s requirements for an advanced air superiority platform were addressed by two distinctive features of the J-10C: its upgraded thrust-vectoring engine and the long-range PL-15 air-to-air missile which significantly boosts its combat reach.

Title:

Content: What's new

India’s AMCA ‘Stealth Fighters’ Enter Production Stage, How Does It Jet Stack-Up Against China’s J-20 Mighty Dragon?

beijingwalker

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India’s AMCA ‘Stealth Fighters’ Enter Production Stage, How Does It Jet Stack-Up Against China’s J-20 Mighty Dragon?

BySakshi Tiwari

March 21, 2022

The fifth-generation J-20 ‘Mighty Dragon’ is a prized possession of the Chinese PLA Air Force. With India’s prototype of AMCA going into production, will the Chinese stealth fighters have a potential challenger right across the border?

The Chengdu J-20 is a single-seat, multi-role stealth fighter that serves as a symbol of China’s growing air power as the plane has been featured prominently in military parades and air shows across the country.

Last year, the J-20 reportedly entered mass production after replacing the Russian AL-31F Turbofan engine with a domestically built WS-10. According to Chinese plans, the current WS-10C engine is further to be replaced by the latest and more advanced WS-15.

Chinese jets have traditionally been powered by Russian-made engines. China has long sought to develop its own engine and gain maximum flexibility, freeing itself from the constraints imposed by Russian engines. The successful integration of WS-15 on J-20s could be the next big breakthrough in self-sufficiency for China.

China’s next-generation turbofan engine, the WS-15, which is to dramatically boost the performance of the J-20 stealth fighter jet, has completed rigorous testing.

The WS-15 engine has undergone several tests, according to China Central Television (CCTV), after the WS-10, China’s first independently developed high performance, high thrust turbofan engine with afterburner, was installed on fighter jets such as the J-10, J-11, and J-20 since 2016.

The WS-15 has a low bypass ratio and is capable of thrust vector control, according to CCTV. It was developed for fifth-generation heavy and medium fighter jets. The J-20s were supposed to be integrated with the WS-15, but due to test failures, China decided to stick to the WS-10C.

The Chinese military now has a fleet of roughly 50 J-20s. New J-20s will be equipped with the WS-15 engine, said a report of South China Morning Post.

China has been relentlessly working to close the gap with the US Air Force and the upgrades that it is carrying out to the WS-10 engines are aimed at challenging the F-22 Raptors of the US.

This year, China will begin upgrading the J-20 engines by incorporating thrust vectoring technology to get it closer to the performance of the American F-22 Raptor, as previously reported by EurAsian Times.

File Image: J-20
The J-20 has also often been compared with another fifth-generation fighter Aircraft in the US arsenal, the F-35. China is reportedly on track to increase the production of its J-20 aircraft. This was perhaps in response to the American plan to field more than 2,000 F-35 stealth jets across its three armed services, besides Japan’s multibillion-dollar F-35 acquisition.

China had dispatched J-20s to air bases in Xinjiang following a bloody encounter with Indian forces at Galwan in eastern Ladakh in June 2020.

India’s AMCA Warplane

India’s Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) recently announced the proverbial “metal cutting” for the first prototype of the country’s next-generation fighter jet, the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft.

The maiden flight of the AMCA is scheduled for 2024-25, with serial production beginning in 2030, EurAsian Times had reported.

According to reports, the Indian Air Force has committed to 40 AMCA Mk-1 fighters, as well as at least 100 Mk-2 variants and some unmanned aircraft. Like the Chinese J-20, the stealthy AMCA is also going to have ‘super cruise’ capabilities.

With AMCA, India will enter the exclusive club of countries with fifth-generation stealth warplanes. So far, the US (F-35 and F-22 Raptors), Russia (Su-57), and China (J-20) have built such fighters.

An AMCA model displayed during Aero India 2021 (Wikimedia Commons)
Although it is unknown how the AMCA, which is yet to be manufactured, will exactly compete with the Chinese J-20,

According to Aeronautical Development Agency chief Girish Deodhare, the AMCA will be available in stealth and non-stealth variants and will be produced in two stages: an AMCA MK1 with an existing GE414 afterburning turbofan engine that powers the LCA Tejas, and an AMCA Mk2 with a new, more powerful engine that will be developed in collaboration with a foreign player.

India and France are now reportedly close to reaching an agreement for the joint development of a 125KN engine that will power AMCA. The deal is expected to be signed in the near future.

Some experts have speculated that the Indian Air Force would model its futuristic aircraft AMCA on the American F-35. If true, this could ensure greater interoperability between the Indian and US Air Forces and could come as a massive headache for the PLAAF.

AMCA will be a single-seat all-weather swing-role stealth fighter jet with twin turbofan engines. It will be capable of a wide range of operations, including air superiority, ground strikes, enemy air defense suppression, and electronic warfare. China is reportedly working on a two-seat variant of the J-20.

AMCA is designed for super-cruise capability and a reduced radar cross-section. Both these features that the AMCA strives to include are already present in the J-20 Mighty Dragon. Further, J-20 took its first flight a decade ago and was inducted in 2017 whereas the AMCA is yet to see the light of the day.

The 20-ton AMCA fighter would be able to carry one-and-a-half tons of armament in internal weapon bays in its stealth mode. The non-stealth variant would carry weapons, targeting and observation pods, as well as fuel tanks on external pylons under the wings and fuselage.

Further, like the indigenous LCA Tejas that wields Python missiles, Astra BVRAAM, Vympel R-77, and R-73 air-to-air missiles, the Kh-59ME TV guided stand-off missile and the Kh-59MK laser-guided stand-off missiles, the AMCA could be integrated with similar weapons. Just as India sought HAMMER missiles for LCA, advanced missiles could also be imported for the AMCA.

Indian media reported that the AMCA could be equipped with Directed Energy Weapons (DEWs) just as China’s J-20 is believed to get the DEWs, as previously revealed by a Global Times report.

The AMCA’s avionics suite will comprise modern radars and electronic warfare capabilities with “sixth-generation characteristics.” The plane will have a very low radar cross-section for better stealth, as well as AI-based technologies and an upgraded cockpit display with a touch screen interface.

All these specifications are expected to put the aircraft on par with the J-20. According to reports, the AMCA will also incorporate thrust-vectoring engines. The J-20 is on course to upgrade its WS-10 engines with thrust vectoring technology while the WS-15 already possesses this technology aimed at achieving better maneuverability.

Both the Chinese J-20 and Indian AMCA have air superiority as their primary objectives. While the Chinese Air Force developed its fifth-generation fighter years ago, the addition of a similar aircraft to IAF’s arsenal could create a balance of power between the two adversaries that are locked in a prolonged border standoff.

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Its a long long way from production stage. Some bits are being assembled but that does not mean its entered production.
It will be some years before it flies

baqai

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i don't understand how can they jump from one project to another without finishing the first one?

i mean LCA is still not finished, the aircraft has not been inducted in the Airforce, not seen any combat, not seen any real life flying yet it is up for sale.

Reminds me of our politicians ... project hu na hu inauguration karwa du apnay naam ki

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i don't understand how can they jump from one project to another without finishing the first one?

i mean LCA is still not finished, the aircraft has not been inducted in the Airforce, not seen any combat, not seen any real life flying yet it is up for sale.

Reminds me of our politicians ... project hu na hu inauguration karwa du apnay naam ki

Have you thought of the possibility that they have different teams for different projects?

Moreover, for the AMCA and the multi-role helicopter projects, the majority of the ownership is expected to be owned by a consortium of private sector companies with HAL being the minority stake holder. There is a huge difference in the working cultures of private and public sector companies in India.

Indos

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Its a long long way from production stage. Some bits are being assembled but that does not mean its entered production.
It will be some years before it flies

Yup, that is just a tiny part production, similar like KF21/IFX program there are some parts being produced in early 2019 despite detail design completion was in September 2019 ( for single seat variant), KF 21 roll out is in 2021 April.

So if we compare AMCA with KF21/IFX program, so AMCA prototype roll out will likely be in 2024 and test flight is in 2025 with assumption the development goes smoothly from now until the flight test.

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What may some improvements made in China's J-10 Fighter help Pakistan Airforce?

Enable Pakistan Air Force to carry more missiles to perform combat missions

What specific models of missiles can China's J-10 FIghters carry?

The purchase price is notable as well, with estimates ranging around $50 million per aircraft—substantially lower than the initial $70 million market appraisal, a move that reflects both diplomatic intentions and China’s interest in observing the fighter’s operational performance in high-tension regions such as the India-Pakistan border .

Beyond Pakistan, public reporting indicates that Turkey has considered the J-10C among alternative options, largely as a cost-effective substitute for the American F-16.

What is the price of J-10 Fighter that China exports?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Which country may purchase China's J-10 Fighter as an alternative to the U.S. F-16 Fighters?

However, as of this writing, Turkey has not formalized any contract or official procurement process for the J-10 with China .

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Which country may purchase China's J-10 Fighter as an alternative to the U.S. F-16 Fighters?

No other country has been confirmed as an operator or signatory for J-10 deliveries, though continuous upgrades to the J-10 airframe have positioned the export version, J-10CE, as an increasingly competitive offering in the market of 4th-generation fighter jets .

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

J-10 series are a fourth-generation fighters.

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Feedback from Pakistan provides the only publicly available operational insights from an export client thus far.

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Both PAF officials and defense analysts have spoken positively about the J-10CE’s performance, citing the aircraft’s modern features—such as advanced phased array radar, digital fly-by-wire controls, and compatibility with a wide variety of Chinese and export-standard munitions.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

What may some improvements made in China's J-10 Fighter help Pakistan Airforce?

Enable Pakistan Air Force to carry more missiles to perform combat missions

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

The PAF has particularly compared the J-10CE in favorable terms to the F-16, a longstanding workhorse of their air fleet, highlighting the J-10CE’s fifth-generation avionics, increased operational flexibility due to modern sensors, and lower maintenance costs.

Pakistani authorities have emphasized the aircraft’s high sortie rate and adaptable mission profile as key strengths, seeing it as well-suited for both air superiority and multirole tasks within the region .

Media commentary and expert analysis, both globally and within China, generally position the J-10C as a strong competitor among fourth-generation fighters.

Defense commentators note its technological advancements, such as active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, sophisticated electronic warfare suites, and the availability of modern long- and medium-range missiles.

How is J-10C Fighter compared with JF-17, another jet fighter that China exports?

J-10 can be outfitted with a bigger active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

The aircraft is often compared to the American F-16, as both share similarities in size, mission profile, and overall capability, but the J-10C’s acquisition and operating costs typically undercut Western and Russian peers.

What is the price of J-10 Fighter that China exports?

Commentators also highlight the aircraft’s rapid modernization—over 11 variants have been developed—and its service life, which with continued upgrades, is projected to remain relevant until at least the 2040s .

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

What have foreign military analysts said about China's J-10 Fighter?

It will be able to be used until the 2040s.

International defense media outlets such as Rossiyskaya Gazeta and Military Watch have listed the J-10 series as among the world’s more impactful modern fighters, based on its robust selection of electronic warfare and munitions, in addition to its relatively low operating and acquisition costs compared to other platforms in the 4++ generation category.

These publications also point to the J-10C’s ease of integration for countries already accustomed to flying the F-16, further positioning it as an attractive option for air forces requiring a balance of affordability and technological sophistication .

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

From the perspective of industry insiders, the J-10’s export program is still in an early phase but has successfully demonstrated China’s growing ability to deliver modern, cost-effective combat aircraft to international partners.

The decision structure around Pakistan’s procurement bears out the J-10CE’s appeal in providing a rapid, affordable replacement or supplement to aging Western technology, especially as access to new Western frontline fighters faces political and economic challenges for many prospective customers.

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Analysts also observe that China’s willingness to sell advanced versions of the J-10 (such as the J-10C/CE rather than earlier, less capable models) is seen as evidence of Chinese confidence in the aircraft’s maturity and as a diplomatic tool in selected strategic relationships.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

In summary, current data reveal that Pakistan is the only confirmed and operationally active export customer of the Chinese J-10 fighter jet, specifically the J-10CE.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

The country has expressed substantial satisfaction with the aircraft’s cost-effectiveness, operational capability, and its enhanced technologies, particularly when compared with legacy platforms like the F-16.

There is speculation on further international interest—Turkey being a notable example—but no additional confirmed sales or deployments have been made public.

Title:

Content: Disrupted

China unveils 'loyal wingman' armed drone concept

2 minute read
1/4

A model of Feihong's FH-97 reconnaissance and attack drone is displayed at the China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition, or Airshow China, in Zhuhai, Guangdong province, China September 29, 2021. REUTERS/Aly Song

  • FH-97 similar in mission and appearance to Kratos XQ-58A
  • Developer did not release technical details
  • GJ-11 stealth drone also on display with weapons bays open

ZHUHAI, China, Sept 29 (Reuters) - China on Wednesday revealed a drone concept similar in mission - and appearance - to the U.S.-made Kratos (KTOS.O) XQ-58A Valkyrie as countries race to invest in "loyal wingman" drones to help protect pricier crewed fighter jets.

The long-range FH-97 drone concept unveiled on Wednesday can carry different types of weapons, and has swarm and electronic warfare capabilities, said Wu Wei, a representative of China Aerospace Science Technology Corp's (CASTC) Feihong product line.

He did not provide specifics in his presentation at Airshow China in Zhuhai.

The United States, Britain, Australia, India and Russia are among the countries developing "loyal wingman" drones, which are cheaper and more expendable than crewed fighters.

CASTC did not provide technical details of the FH-97 concept, nor say whether it was planned for export, though many foreign observers watched the presentation.

The FH-97's appearance is nearly identical to the Kratos XQ-58A, which made its first flight in 2019. The XQ-58A has a maximum speed of Mach 0.85 and a range of about 2,200 nautical miles.

Zhang Zhongyang, vice president of CASTC said the plan was to turn Feihong into an "international top-notch brand… and become a major player at the centre stage of the world arena."

China has exported military drones to countries including the United Arab Emirates, Pakistan and Serbia.

"The chief customer is certainly the PLA, but in recent years the Chinese are also aggressively marketing these systems for exports," said Collin Koh, a defence research fellow with Singapore's Rajaratnam School of International Studies.

China also used the country's biggest air show to display the weapons capability of one of its most advanced stealth attack drone projects, the GJ-11.

The Global Times reported that the GJ-11 on display at the show had its two weapons bays open for the first time. Inside each were four unidentified munitions that appeared to be precision air-to-ground glide bombs.

Bradley Perrett, a specialist on Asian aerospace and defence, said the GJ-11 was designed to slip undetected through radar coverage and attack heavily defended targets.

"In doing that, it would take the place of a much larger and more expensive fighter with a pilot," he said. "Development won't be easy, but when it's complete the type will present a new threat to Taiwan and potentially Japan."

Chinese companies have 27 drone exhibits at the Zhuhai show.

Reporting by David Kirton in Zhuhai; additional reporting and writing by Jamie Freed in Sydney

Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

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What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Which country may purchase China's J-10 Fighter as an alternative to the U.S. F-16 Fighters?

Expert and media commentary praise the J-10C for occupying a niche between lower-cost Western/Russian legacy fighters and newer, more expensive platforms, highlighting its modern avionics, weapons, electronic warfare systems, and flexibility, while also noting China’s strategic pricing and willingness to prove the jet’s worth through high-visibility export contracts .

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

No comprehensive negative official feedback or significant operational shortcomings from existing operators have been widely reported as of this writing.

Title:

Content: Weapons that Don’t Work in the Ukraine War Make Up Most of China’s Military

Chinese analysts want to understand why Russian weapons are doing so badly in the war in Ukraine. 70% of China’s modern airplanes are licensed copies, unlicensed copies or variants of the SU-27. 20% are inferior planes that are not even as good as the Russian copies.

The Ukraine War has been an actual real world test or most of the modern planes, missiles, drones that the world has. The only systems that have not been tested or used are the stealth fighters. Russia has some SU57 stealth fighters but has not used them other than a few safe uses from long-range.

The other lessons are which tactics are ineffective and which tactics are more effective. There is also the need for a lot more drones for front line troops. Drones have become an absolute necessity on the front lines. There is a need for a lot more ammunition and overall training. There will need to be a lot more training on the effective tactics.

China also wants to look at the Russian Kinzhal hypersonic missile getting shot down. The Kinzhal and China’s hypersonic weapons (YJ-21 and DF-17) are similar technology. They are hypersonic warheads on a regular rocket booster. The Kinzhal had about 6 shot down in one day. The Kinzhal cost Russia about $10 million each to make. The YJ-21 is a shorter range navy variant of the DF-17. The YJ-21 costs about $8 million each. The DF-17 costs about $107 million each. Russia had about 6 Kinzhal missiles shot down in 1 day in the war. Normal supersonic missiles are about $1-2 million. The point of spending more money for a faster missile is so it can with near certainty penetrate defenses. A military could always just buy 10 or 100 cheaper missiles to overwhelm air defenses. You don’t want to go too cheap where the missiles are not reliable like a Scud missile. You want to spend enough to get good cost benefit on reliable destruction.

The Russian S-400 air defense system was supposed to be a scary system able to defend against the US air force and missiles. The S-400s have been defeated and destroyed with a few waves of cheap drones and cheap missiles. China bought a lot of expensive S-400 air defense systems.

The US and the rest of world may not have the exact same Russian equipment but all of the world’s military have to update and change procurement to reflect what is being learned in Ukraine.

Russia has lost about 20% of its Su-34 fleet, with a starting total of only 121 aircraft. Four Su-34 planes were shot down in only 2 days in December, 2023.

Chinese analysis identifies two reasons for these heavy losses.

1. The Russian Aerospace Force, which inherited the air combat theories of the Soviet Air Force, habitually allows existing combat aircraft to take on the tasks of both air defense suppression and electronic warfare.

2. Russian military’s did not buy enough precision guided stand-off munitions. They cannot keep their planes safer by being further away.

Roughly 20% of the PLAAF and PLANAF’s combat aircraft are old second-generation fighters of limited combat value against peer opponents, save perhaps in swarming attacks. Another 30% include strategic bombers and more capable but dated third-generation designs. Finally, 50% percent are fourth-generation fighters that can theoretically hold their own against peers like the F-15 and F-16.

China has about 126 actual Russian planes in the Su-27 family (SU27, SU30, SU35).

The J-11 and J-16 are copies of the SU-27 Russian planes, that are getting shotdown by ground to air missiles in Ukraine. The J-11 was a licensed copy of the SU-27.

The J-10 is a copy of the Israeli Lavi from Israeli designs. The Lavi was based on the design of the French Dassault Mirage. The J-10s haver had several deadly accidents possibly related to difficulties in the fly-by-wire system. 22% of China’s 2500 combat aircraft are J-10.

The J-7 is an older and even more outdated plane makes up 20% of the fleet of 2500.

China’s J-20 now makes up about 8% of China’s 2500 combat jets. This is stealth plane copied from stolen F-22 and F-35 information.

However, the aircraft’s international reputation will evolve as additional customer nations potentially adopt or evaluate the J-10 in more diverse operational environments.

At present, the J-10CE’s export future depends on China’s continued willingness to offer advanced variants and attractive procurement terms to new buyers, along with demonstrated operational success in Pakistan.

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?