Salmon feed includes a range of common and uncommon additives serving multiple purposes such as growth promotion, coloration, preservation, and disease prevention.

Among common additives, pigments like astaxanthin are added to impart the characteristic pink color to salmon flesh.

Antioxidant preservatives such as ethoxyquin are frequently used in fishmeal to prevent spoilage during storage and feed processing.

Less common additives include enzymes that aid digestion, probiotics to enhance gut health, and binders that improve feed stability and nutrient absorption .

Health concerns have been raised over certain additives, particularly ethoxyquin, which has exhibited potential carcinogenicity in some studies.

Consequently, regulatory agencies in various jurisdictions have imposed limits or bans on its use in feeds and foods.

Other additives, including titanium dioxide and certain colorants like red dye

No. 3, propylparaben, brominated vegetable oil, and potassium bromate, have been banned or heavily restricted due to risks such as DNA damage and carcinogenicity.

These regulatory actions reflect increasing caution against additives whose safety profiles are ambiguous or hazardous .

Antibiotic use in salmon farming is tightly regulated to mitigate human health risks associated with residues.

Unauthorized antibiotic additions are prohibited, and veterinary prescriptions with strict dosage, duration, and withdrawal periods are required.

Countries including the US (FDA), European Union (EFSA), China, and Canada enforce maximum residue limits (MRLs) for antibiotics and other veterinary drugs in farmed salmon.

These MRLs are monitored through routine testing, with enforcement actions such as product recalls or farm sanctions imposed when violations occur.

Trends point toward decreasing antibiotic prevalence due to both regulatory pressure and advances in disease management, including vaccination and improved husbandry .

Salmon feed includes a range of common and uncommon additives serving multiple purposes such as growth promotion, coloration, preservation, and disease prevention.

Title:

Content: 262
Views

China Works to Get Wild-Caught Fish Out of its Aquaculture Feed

[By Zhang Chun]

A 2021 Chinese government initiative to stop aquaculture feed being made from only young or low-value fish and to instead start producing “compound feed” – mixed with ingredients harvested from the land – is opening up a greener future for the sector.

According to the Ministry of Agriculture, in a series of trials last year, the sole use of low-value “feed-grade” fish as aquaculture feed was reduced by 77 percent, and by as much as 94 percent in farming of largemouth bass. Experts say the switch to compound feed could see overall use of feed-grade fish slashed by half for farming of certain species.

What is compound feed?

Compound feed normally contains a mixture of animal- and plant-based ingredients, and added nutrients such as vitamins. For aquaculture feeds containing fishmeal and fish oil, common additives include soy proteins, wheat gluten and corn gluten meal.

Feed-grade fish are those in a catch that are small, low in commercial value, or unsuitable for human consumption. They are sent to be processed into fishmeal and fish oil, or fed directly to farmed fish. But a significant proportion of feed-grade fish consists of juveniles of commercially important species. Once caught they can no longer grow into adult fish and breed, or be caught and sold on the market. Their removal damages ocean food chains and ecosystem stability.

The last decade and more has seen increased calls for China to tackle the use of feed-grade fish in aquaculture, but the current round of trials is the first organised by the Ministry of Agriculture. It focuses on species such as the yellow croaker, Japanese sea bass and largemouth bass, which tend to be fed more feed-grade fish. While those species don’t account for much of China’s fed aquaculture output, they do require much more protein than others to put on the same amount of weight. Compound feed cuts down on the use of fish by substituting vegetable alternatives, and is cheaper.

In the long term, sustained reductions in the use of fishmeal and fish oil in feed will be necessary to protect wild fisheries.

Aquaculture driving feed-grade fish catch

Fishers never used to set out to catch feed-grade fish; it was bycatch, with no economic value. Then in the 1980s, global aquaculture took off. “There was a lot of need for fishmeal and oil,” Rashid Sumalia, a fisheries researcher at the University of British Columbia, told China Dialogue. People started going out “purposely to catch them at distance, because there was a market”, he added.

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO’s) 2020 global fisheries and aquaculture report, the use of fish for reduction to fishmeal and fish oil peaked in 1994 at 30 million tonnes, and stood at 18 million tonnes by 2018. Another 4 million tonnes were used elsewhere, including directly in feed for aquaculture, livestock and fur animals.

It wasn’t until the mid and late 1990s that aquaculture took off in China. The FAO’s 1998 fisheries and aquaculture report describes how rare it was for fish catches in Asia to go unused or be used as aquaculture feed. But in Asia, particularly in China and Vietnam, aquaculture has expanded rapidly and the region now accounts for almost 90 percent of global output. In China, output tripled between 1998 and 2020, to represent 60 percent of the global total.

Although many of the species farmed in China need little or no feed, fed fish and crustacean aquaculture accounts for half of output and requires millions of tonnes of feed-grade fish from Chinese waters alone. China does not currently have statistics on its feed-grade fish catch or use in fed aquaculture. One study calculated that in 2016 4.6 million tonnes of feed-grade fish were caught, 35 percent of the total recorded catch in China’s waters, and most was used directly as feed.

“The state is certainly aware of the problem,” said Fang Qing, China general manager for the Aquaculture Stewardship Council, adding that the difficulty in banning some harmful types of fishing gear in China is due to the ongoing market for the feed-grade fish it brings in. Since 2018, China has put minimum size limits in place for 15 commercial fish species, and ruled that feed-grade fish catch would drop to below 20% by 2020. There is no data available indicating whether this target was met.

This it isn’t just a Chinese problem. According to a 2017 study by the University of British Columbia, many countries, including the US and Norway, use feed-grade fish directly as feed. But the practice increased significantly in Asia between the 1990s and 2010, with feed-grade fish coming to account for a high percentage of landed catches.

Replacing feed-grade fish

In early 2019, the Ministry of Agriculture announced it would work to make Chinese aquaculture more environmentally friendly, and proposed the use of compound feed instead of purely fish-based feed. In April 2021, several provinces started trials of compound feed as part of more concrete action plans.

Compound feed for aquaculture is usually a mix of fishmeal, fish oil, wheat flour, soybean meal, vegetable oil and other land-grown ingredients. The amount of fishmeal and fish oil needed depends on the type of fish to be fed, and its stage of growth. According to Fang Qing, carnivorous fish such as the yellow croaker need huge quantities of meat protein at certain stages in their growth, and the relationship between particular nutrients and the growth and physiology of the fish can be complex. Hence, producing appropriate compound feed involves a lot of research and development.

To quantify how efficiently a species is farmed, the aquaculture industry uses a ratio called Fish in:Fish out (FIFO). The closer the FIFO is to 1, the more fish meat is produced per unit of input; a score of 1 means an extra kilogram of fish used as feed results in an extra kilogram of fish to harvest.

A study published in 2020 shows a FIFO of almost 1 for salmon and trout, thanks to the use of compound feeds which require less fishmeal and fish oil. If only fish were used to feed those species, the FIFO figure would be similar to that of the yellow croaker – over 6, according to an upcoming paper co-authored by Zhang Wenbo, an assistant professor in the College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University. His research into conventional yellow croaker aquaculture in China found that the direct use of feed-grade fish is still the best option for the yellow croaker farmers. But Fang Qing told China Dialogue that a lot of feed-grade fish fed to yellow croaker goes uneaten, and ends up sinking to the seabed or rotting, causing pollution and increasing the risk of disease.

More compound feed use would help reduce FIFO numbers in two ways: by cutting use of feed-grade fish, and by increasing conversion ratios – that is, generating more fish growth per unit of feed.

Zhejiang is taking the lead in both those areas. Since 2016, the province has been shutting fishmeal factories during the closed season and restricting the percentage of feed-grade fish in the overall catch. This, combined with the use of compound feed, saw Zhejiang cut the use of feed-grade fish by 835,000 tonnes across 710,000 mu (474 square kilometres) of aquaculture farms during the 13th FYP period (2016-2020). “Previously, feed-grade fish were the primary feed for largemouth bass in Zhejiang. These last two years that’s almost all been replaced with compound feed.” The FIFO ratio for farmed largemouth bass in Zhejiang could come down to 1.5, half the national average for this species, according to 2016 calculations Zhang Wenbo contributed to.

But cutting back on feed-grade fish use in China won’t be easy. Fishers catch a wide range of fish with a wide range of gear. At the local level there is a lack of fisher associations that can impose rules on the sector, making management tricky. Zhejiang’s success can be ascribed to strong local regulations. “There are no successful [international] examples that China can apply,” said Fang Qing. Alongside legislation to bolster oversight of the feed-grade fish catch, he also suggests developing feeds which will be more palatable to fish, and labelling products according to their use of feed-grade fish or compound feed, so consumers can make an informed choice.

Increasing the efficiency of fish inputs

The use of compound feed isn’t the end of the story. At least for now, fishmeal and fish oil are essential ingredients in those feeds. And while the global supply of fishmeal and fish oil has fallen from its peak in 2000 to a fairly stable level, the demand for aquaculture feeds has been increasing. That requires the development of feeds containing less meal and oil.

Plans announced by Norway to boost salmon farming have led to concerns about the supply of fishmeal and fish oil as well as vegetable ingredients. The country has started researching the use of mesopelagic fish (which inhabit the middle depths of the ocean), algae and farmed insects to meet that need and make feed more efficient. A more complete solution would be to develop entirely vegetarian feeds, with no fishmeal at all. However, as things stand that would only be suitable for a few species.

“Fishmeal is the most expensive of the ingredients found in bulk feeds. Reducing the amount in those feeds is the best way to make them cheaper,” Zhang Wenbo points out. A tonne of fishmeal costs around 10,000 yuan (US$1,500), compared to 1,000–4,000 yuan for bran or soybean meal, he added. “Feed conversion ratios are also affected by the type of aquaculture, the make-up of the feed, and genetic selection – the breeding of strains more suited to compound feeds,” he said. This is more difficult in China, with its wide range of farmed species, than in Norway, where salmon dominates. But progress is still being made, and associated targets have been set in the 14th Five Year Plan (2021–25).

Increasing the efficiency of fishmeal and fish oil use in China will also ease global pressures on the supply and help protect juvenile fish. China is the world’s biggest consumer of fishmeal, with the largest part being used in aquaculture, and the second largest being fed to pigs. But the country only produces 400,000–700,000 tonnes of fishmeal a year – not even close to meeting domestic demand. Fishmeal imports have held steady since 2017, at about 1.4 million tonnes, but jumped to 1.82 million tonnes in 2021, with experts ascribing the change to the recovery in pig farming. The extra fishmeal came from the Americas and elsewhere in Asia.

Zhang Wenbo explains that China’s fishmeal and fish oil imports come from forage fish, caught specifically to be turned into fishmeal, and Peru is the main supplier. Relatively little of China’s fishmeal is made from feed-grade fish. “Imports of by-product processed fishmeal from Vietnam and Thailand have been increasing in recent years,” he said.

Minimizing the feed-grade fish catch

Cutting back on the use of feed-grade fish is good for the sustainable development of both wild fishing and aquaculture. It will also help protect already vulnerable ocean ecosystems. In 1959, fishing vessels in China’s Bohai Sea caught 420 kg of fish per net for every hour they worked. By 1993, that had fallen to 30 kg, and only 8 kg between 1998 and 2011. The above-mentioned research into China’s feed-grade fish catch found that a long-term stable total catch has masked trends including falling biomass and changes in end use.

The losses to biodiversity and ecological services cannot be measured in financial terms, and the fishing industry needs more than simply output. Wang Songlin, president and founder of the Qingdao Marine Conservation Society, believes the industry needs to work towards a balance of ecological, economic and social benefits. He told China Dialogue that even if total catch may still be the same by volume, the underlying destruction to the integrity of ecosystems and the environment should not be ignored.

Management of the sector in China has acquired a new ecological focus. Alongside the use of compound feeds, some provinces are providing fishery stewardship subsidies for the protection of rare and endangered species and for keeping down feed-grade fish catch volumes.

Protecting juvenile fish isn’t just a matter for China – it’s crucial for ocean ecosystems around the world. Rashid Sumalia said: “If you look at the economies and the ecology at the higher level, you don’t want to [catch feed-grade fish] because the losses are too high” to be sustainable. Sumalia acknowledges that many people rely on that fishing for their livelihoods but says: “We need to take it down as far as we can.”

Zhang Chun is a senior researcher at China Dialogue. This article appears courtesy of China Dialogue Ocean and may be found in its original form here

The opinions expressed herein are the author's and not necessarily those of The Maritime Executive.

What are some of the additives that are added to salmon feeds in salmon farms?

What are the purposes of adding pigments to the feed in salmon farms?

Among common additives, pigments like astaxanthin are added to impart the characteristic pink color to salmon flesh.

Title:

Content: DUBLIN, March 9, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- The "Global Salmon Market, By Species, By Fish Type, By Distribution Channel, By Product Type, Estimation & Forecast, 2017 - 2027" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.

The global salmon market held a market value of USD 20,880.5 Million in 2021 and is projected to reach USD 27,344.0 Million by the year 2027. The market is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 4.6% from 2022 to 2027. Approximately, 3,282.72 kilo tons of salmon was estimated to be sold in 2021.

Salmon is a common name for a Salmonidae family's species of the ray-finned fish. The market is expected to be driven by the rising prevalence of chronic conditions and global rise in penetration of e-commerce sector. Furthermore, rise in consumer awareness towards the health benefits of salmon are also expected to contribute to the market growth.

Despite the driving factors, depletion of sea species are anticipated to hinder the market growth. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the market was negatively impacted due to closure of fishing activities and hence, decrease in the supply of salmon in global markets.

Growth Influencers:

Rise in consumer awareness towards the health benefits of salmon

Salmon provides various health benefits. It is rich in Omega-3 fatty acids, is a great source of protein, high in Vitamin B, good source of potassium, loaded with selenium, contains astaxanthin, reduced the risk of heart diseases, helps in weight management, helps to fight inflammation, and protects brain health. Consumers are getting aware regarding all these benefits, which is increasing its adoption, hence boosting the market growth.

Competitive Landscape

Major players in the global salmon market include Cermaq Group ASA, Leroy Seafood Group ASA, Mowi ASA, SalMar ASA, AquaChile, Cooke Aquaculture, Bakkafrost, Grieg Seafood, Multiexport, Blumar, Salmones Camanchaca, Australis Seafoods, Nova Sea, Tassal Group, Sinkaberg-Hansen, Nordlaks, Bremnes Seashore, Norway Royal Salmon, Alsaker Fjordbruk, and Other Prominent Players.

These market players are involved in collaborations, mergers & acquisitions, and new product launches, among other initiatives, to strengthen their market presence. For instance, in January 2022, Benchmark Animal Health and Cermaq received funding from the Research Council of Norway for research and development of Tenacibaculum vaccines for Salmon. Furthermore, Bekkafrost collaborated with the salmon industry through the Faroe Fish Farmer's Association And Global Salmon Initiative (GSI).

The global Salmon market report provides insights on the below pointers:

  • Market Penetration: Provides comprehensive information on the market offered by the prominent players
  • Market Development: The report offers detailed information about lucrative emerging markets and analyzes penetration across mature segments of the markets
  • Market Diversification: Provides in-depth information about untapped geographies, recent developments, and investments
  • Competitive Landscape Assessment: Mergers & acquisitions, certifications, product launches in the global Salmon market have been provided in this research report. In addition, the report also emphasizes the SWOT analysis of the leading players.
  • Product Development & Innovation: The report provides intelligent insights on future technologies, R&D activities, and breakthrough product developments
  • Global Salmon Production: Total Harvest of Atlantic Salmon, 2016-2020
  • Salmon Production Cost Breakdown
  • Consumer Behavior Analysis: By Region, By Age, By Gender, By Annual Household Income, Seasonal of Fish
  • Fresh Salmon Export: Trends & Predictions for the Supply of Salmon Consumed (USD Million) in the United States; Largest Fishing Companies
  • Regulatory Landscape: Section 6 of Norwegian Aquaculture Act , Aquaculture Stewardship Council Salmon standard, RSPCA welfare standards for Farmed Atlantic salmon, A Greener World (AGW), Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)

The global Salmon market report answers questions such as:

  • What is the market size and forecast of the Global Salmon Market?
  • What are the inhibiting factors and impact of COVID-19 on the Global Salmon Market during the assessment period?
  • Which are the products/segments/applications/areas to invest in over the assessment period in the Global Salmon Market?
  • What is the competitive strategic window for opportunities in the Global Salmon Market?
  • What are the technology trends and regulatory frameworks in the Global Salmon Market?
  • What is the market share of the leading players in the Global Salmon Market?
  • What modes and strategic moves are considered favorable for entering the Global Salmon Market?

Key Topics Covered:

Chapter 1. Research Framework

Chapter 2. Executive Summary: Global Salmon Market

Chapter 3. Global Salmon Market Overview

3.1. Industry Value Chain Analysis

3.1.1. Raw Material

3.1.2. Processing and Packaging

3.1.3. Distributor

3.1.4. End User

3.2. Industry Outlook

3.2.1. Global Salmon Production

3.2.2. Salmon Production Cost Breakdown

3.2.3. Fresh Salmon Export

3.2.4. Consumer Behavior Analysis

3.2.4.1. Income

3.2.4.2. Occupation

3.2.4.3. Seasonal of Fish

3.2.5. Trends and Predictions for the Supply of Salmon Consumed in the United States

3.2.6. Largest Fishing Companies

3.3. PESTLE Analysis

3.4. Porter's Five Forces Analysis

3.4.1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers

3.4.2. Bargaining Power of Buyers

3.4.3. Threat of Substitutes

3.4.4. Threat of New Entrants

3.4.5. Degree of Competition

3.5. Market Dynamics and Trends

3.5.1. Key Trends

3.5.2. Growth Drivers

3.5.3. Restraints/ Challenges

3.6. Market Growth and Outlook

3.6.1. Market Revenue Estimates and Forecast (US$ Mn), 2017-2027

3.6.2. Market Volume Estimates and Forecast (MMT), 2017-2027

3.6.3. Pricing Analysis

3.7. Covid-19 Impact Assessment on Market Growth Trend

3.7.1. Growth Trend Shift Analysis

3.7.2. Industry Best Practices

3.8. Regulatory Landscape

Chapter 4. Competition Dashboard

4.1. Market Concentration Rate

4.2. Company Market Share Analysis (Value %), 2020

4.3. Competitor Mapping

Chapter 5. Salmon Market Analysis, By Species

5.1. Key Insights

5.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2017 - 2027 (US$ Mn & MMT)

5.2.1. Atlantic

5.2.2. Pink

5.2.3. Chum/Dog

5.2.4. Coho

5.2.5. Sockeye

5.2.6. Others

Chapter 6. Salmon Market Analysis, By Fish Type

6.1. Key Insights

6.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2017 - 2027 (US$ Mn & MMT)

6.2.1. Farmed

6.2.2. Wild

Chapter 7. Salmon Market Analysis, By Product Type

7.1. Key Insights

7.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2017 - 2027 (US$ Mn & MMT)

7.2.1. Canned

7.2.2. Fresh

7.2.3. Frozen

7.2.4. Others

Chapter 8. Salmon Market Analysis, By Retail

8.1. Key Insights

8.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2017 - 2027 (US$ Mn & MMT)

8.2.1. Retail

8.2.1.1. E-commerce (online)

8.2.1.2. Brick & Mortar Stores (offline)

8.2.2. HoReCa & Wholesale

8.2.3. Processed Food Industry

8.2.4. Other Institutional Customers

Chapter 9. Salmon Market Analysis, By Region

9.1. Key Insights

9.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2017 - 2027 (US$ Mn & MMT)

9.2.1. North America

9.2.1.1. The U.S.

9.2.1.2. Canada

9.2.1.3. Mexico

9.2.2. Europe

9.2.2.1. Western Europe

9.2.2.1.1. The UK

9.2.2.1.2. Germany

9.2.2.1.3. France

9.2.2.1.4. Italy

9.2.2.1.5. Spain

9.2.2.1.6. Rest of Western Europe

9.2.2.2. Eastern Europe

9.2.2.2.1. Poland

9.2.2.2.2. Russia

9.2.2.2.3. Rest of Eastern Europe

9.2.3. Asia Pacific

9.2.3.1. China

9.2.3.2. India

9.2.3.3. Japan

9.2.3.4. Australia & New Zealand

9.2.3.5. ASEAN

9.2.3.6. Rest of Asia Pacific

9.2.4. Middle East & Africa

9.2.4.1. UAE

9.2.4.2. Saudi Arabia

9.2.4.3. South Africa

9.2.4.4. Rest of MEA

9.2.5. South America

9.2.5.1. Argentina

9.2.5.2. Brazil

9.2.5.3. Rest of South America

Chapter 10. North America Salmon Market Analysis

10.1. Key Insights

10.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2017 - 2027 (US$ Mn & MMT)

10.2.1. By Species

10.2.2. By Type

10.2.3. By Product

10.2.4. By Distribution Channel

10.2.5. By Country

Chapter 11. Europe Salmon Market Analysis

11.1. Key Insights

11.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2017 - 2027 (US$ Mn & MMT)

11.2.1. By Species

11.2.2. By Type

11.2.3. By Product

11.2.4. By Distribution Channel

11.2.5. By Country

Chapter 12. Asia Pacific Salmon Market Analysis

12.1. Key Insights

12.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2017 - 2027 (US$ Mn & MMT)

12.2.1. By Species

12.2.2. By Type

12.2.3. By Product

12.2.4. By Distribution Channel

12.2.5. By Country

Chapter 13. Middle East and Africa Salmon Market Analysis

13.1. Key Insights

13.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2017 - 2027 (US$ Mn & MMT)

13.2.1. By Species

13.2.2. By Type

13.2.3. By Product

13.2.4. By Distribution Channel

13.2.5. By Country

Chapter 14. South America Salmon Market Analysis

14.1. Key Insights

14.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2017 - 2027 (US$ Mn & MMT)

14.2.1. By Species

14.2.2. By Type

14.2.3. By Product

14.2.4. By Distribution Channel

14.2.5. By Country

Chapter 15. Company Profile (Company Overview, Financial Matrix, Key Product landscape, Key Personnel, Key Competitors, Contact Address, and Business Strategy Outlook) *

15.1. Cremaq Group ASA

15.2. Leroy Seafood Group ASA

15.3. Mowi ASA

15.4. SalMar ASA

15.5. AquaChile

15.6. Cooke Aquaculture

15.7. Bakkafrost

15.8. Grieg Seafood

15.9. Multiexport

15.10. Blumar

15.11. Salmones Camanchaca

15.12. Australis Seafoods

15.13. Nova Sea

15.14. Tassal Group

15.15. Sinkaberg-Hansen

15.16. Nordlaks

15.17. Bremnes Seashore

15.18. Norway Royal Salmon

15.19. Alsaker Fjordbruk

15.20. Other Prominent players

For more information about this report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/di479t

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What are some of the additives that are added to salmon feeds in salmon farms?

What are the purposes of adding pigments to the feed in salmon farms?

Antioxidant preservatives such as ethoxyquin are frequently used in fishmeal to prevent spoilage during storage and feed processing.

Title:

Content: Pet Diet ｜ Dry Cat Food Ingredients and Precautions Related to Master 's Diet Healthy Slave Must See
Author: Thoughts
Published: Updated:
Cats need a lot of high-quality animal protein, and the ingredient list of commercially available dry feed is eye-popping. How to choose dry feed that better meets the nutritional needs of cats? This article picks out a few highlights, as long as you master it, you can have a basic concept when selecting feed.
If you have an IG, follow us!
Text: Q Xiaorong / Tao Ke
▼ ▼ ▼ Dry Food Composition Analysis and Precautions ▼ ▼ ▼
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The first thing you need to know.
(1) In the list of ingredients, the higher the content of the ingredients in the front
(2) The current dry feed can be divided into two types: grain feed and no grain feed.
Here the so-called "grain" refers to wheat (wheat), corn (Corn) and soybeans (Soy) and other ingredients. First, cats do not need these nutrients, and second, these ingredients can easily cause allergies in cats, and even produce T2 toxin due to improper storage, so if you choose dry feed as a staple food for cats, it is recommended to choose grain free feed.
(3) The meat should be clearly marked
For example, turkey, venison, and trout meat, if only meat, fish, and animal fat sources are concerned.
Dry Feed Ingredients
1.
The meat (meat):
Meat refers to clean, fresh animal skeletal muscles or striated muscles separated by the tongue, diaphragm, heart, and esophagus.
2.
Poultry (Poultry):
Poultry meat is the clean meat and skin of poultry, which can be attached to bones, but does not contain feathers, heads, feet, and internal organs.
3.
Meat Meal:
Meat powder is oily dried animal tissue, but does not contain blood, hair, hooves, horns, stomach and rumen contents.
4.
Poultry Meal:
Poultry powder is dry, oiled and clean meat and skin, which can be attached to bones, but does not contain feathers, heads, feet and internal organs.
5.
Meat and Bone Meal:
Meat and bone meal is oily dried and bone-bearing animal tissue, but does not contain blood, hair, hooves, horns, skin residue, feces, stomach and rumen contents.
6.
Meat By-products:
Meat by-products are "parts other than meat", which may include lungs, spleen, kidneys, brain, liver, blood, bone, partially degreased low-temperature fatty tissue and gastrointestinal tract (removal of contents), without hair, hooves, horns and teeth.
7.
Poultry By-products:
Poultry by-products are unoiled and clean heads, feet and internal organs, but do not contain faeces and exteriors.
8.
Poultry By-product Meal:
Poultry by-product powders include grinded, oiled poultry neck, feet, unformed eggs and intestines without feathers.
9.
Animal By-product Meal:
Animal by-product powder is oil extracted animal tissue, excluding hair, hooves, horns, dregs, feces, stomach and rumen contents.
In simple terms, meat and poultry are the muscles that really contain high-quality animal protein, while meat powder and poultry powder are the muscles that have been squeezed out of oil and have lost some nutrients; meat and poultry by-products, although they also contain protein, are of poor quality.
Ingredients that should be avoided
(1) Chemical preservatives
Natural and safe preservatives for cats are vitamin C or vitamin E, while BHT and BHA are two chemical preservatives that cause liver and kidney dysfunction; another chemical preservative, Ethoxyquin, is at risk of cancer.
(2) Artificial fragrances and pigments
Artificial spices are easy to make cats picky to eat, because cats rely on smell, which may make them “unique ” to a certain brand of feed, and artificial spices have adverse effects on humans, not to mention cats with less liver and kidney than humans?
Pigment is not necessary. It is a colorful and enjoyable feed for humans, but it is a toxin that is not easy to decompose for cats.
(3) Fish meal
Because the fish meal is easy to deteriorate, so the United States requires that the chemical preservative Ethoxyquin be added to the fish meal, so if this item appears in the feed ingredients, and it is not specified how it is stored, it is likely that Ethoxyquin is indeed added.
Cat cold knowledge _ Cats can not drink milk? Can not eat too much fish? 8 human misunderstandings about cats
+ 34
Other Ingredients and Precautions
(1) Magnesium content
Magnesium content should not exceed 0.1%, too high can cause urinary tract disease, but magnesium is still one of the minerals required for cats, if lack of magnesium can cause spasms.
(2) Content of sodium
The appropriate content of sodium is 0.2% to 0.5%, and the closer to 0.2%, the better.
(3) Calcium-phosphorus ratio
The appropriate ratio of calcium to phosphorus is about 1: 1, and if the ratio is not balanced, it may cause rickets, osteoporosis or paralysis.
(4) Particle size
Regardless of the shape of the particles, the cat must be flat to break easily.
And some cats eat gobble and swallow the feed after a few bites, which is easy to cause vomiting. At this time, you should choose a smaller feed to easily digest and improve the vomiting situation.
In fact, dry feed is a food that has been made through multiple processes, and even if high-quality raw materials are used, it is not known how much nutrients can be retained, not to mention that many manufacturers use raw materials with extremely low nutritional value in order to save money.
【 This article is reproduced with permission from Toutou. 】

Less common additives include enzymes that aid digestion, probiotics to enhance gut health, and binders that improve feed stability and nutrient absorption .

Title:

Content: Products without food additives almost do not exist
Food additives are present not only in ice-cream cakes, drinks and sauces that declare themselves by coloring all colors of the rainbow and a pleasant aroma.
They are found in almost all foods, even those that we consider natural or fresh.
It can be as well known to all substances - vinegar, baking soda, vanillin, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and less familiar, for example, benzoic acid or sodium bicarbonate.
What Are Food Additives and What Are They?
Food additives are substances that are added to products for technological reasons so that they do not become rotten, rancid, or change color and consistency.
Without food additives, many of the modern products simply would not have appeared on our table, and the range of those that remained would have been much poorer.
"Letter codes" E "(the first letter in the word" Europe ") is a codification system developed in Europe, - explains the head of the laboratory of hygienic studies of food additives of the Research Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, candidate of biological sciences Gennady Shatrov. - It was introduced for convenience.
Food additives are often found under trade or long, difficult to pronounce chemical names.
The inscription type E624 looks the same in all languages and informs about the composition of the product.
And putting it on a small label is much easier.
This code is a kind of seal of approval.
Once it is, it means that this additive is included in the list of officially allowed in European countries.
Additives are numbered according to the work performed.
Series "E" from 100 to 200 are dyes, from 200 to 300 - preservatives, from 300 to 400 - antioxidants, then go thickeners, emulsifiers, defoamers, flavor and aroma enhancers.
This classification is conditional, since the same substances can be, say, both preservatives and antioxidants at the same time (for example, sodium sulfite E221).
Many food additives are of natural origin.
For example, E330 – citric acid – is found in all citrus fruits.
Tomatoes contain E160a - carotene, E101 - vitamin B2 (riboflavin).
From seaweed emit E400 - sodium alginate.
Sorbic and benzoic acids and their salts are preservatives that are also found in nature, in particular, in mountain ash, lingonberries, cranberries.
What do you think, which product contains such a combination of food additives: acetic acid E260, tartaric acid E334, glutamic acid E620, carotene E160a, niacin E375, anthocyanin E163, citric acid E330, succinic acid E363, cystine E920, vitamin C E300, vitamin B E101?
It's an ordinary apple! "
Supplements with the "E" index cause a feeling that we are being deceived
But instead of reassuring us that everything added to our sausage, mayonnaise, or margarine has passed tight control, supplementation with the "E" index evokes the feeling that we are being deceived.
For example, what is behind the code E621?
In the food industry, this substance is known as sodium glutamate, a taste improver.
It creates a taste of meat.
It is added to the composition of soups and instant noodles, canned food, sauces, ready-made food, mixtures of seasonings, marinades, chips and sausage.
It is believed that this is a potentially dangerous additive.
With people in the diet of which there is a lot of food containing sodium glutamate, it can play a bad joke - to provoke the so-called "Chinese restaurant syndrome" (in Eastern cuisine, sodium glutamate is a popular ingredient).
Characteristic symptoms: headache, heart palpitations, nausea, chest pain, drowsiness and weakness.
Add fuel to the fire and some research.
In a recent experiment by a Japanese scientist, it turned out that sodium glutamate in large doses causes blindness in rats.
The Japanese admits that the amount of supplements eaten by rats far exceeds human norms.
However, he believes that,
"we should not deny the possibility that glutamate may affect human vision, especially if consumed in relatively large doses for many years."
Experts in the field of food additives claim that these fears are far-fetched.
Food supplements can damage an overdose
Food additives, the same glutamate sodium, can damage with an overdose, - says Gennady Shatrov. - But it is difficult, if at all possible, to exceed the norm.
A person simply is not able to eat so much food to get a dangerous dose.
In general, glutamate is an amino acid (protein is built from it).
It is present in the human body (in breast milk of the mother), participates in protein metabolism, it is also present in many foods rich in proteins - cheese, meat, milk and beans.
The real situation (which is confirmed by all the international organizations concerned) is as follows.
Some supplements cause an allergic reaction.
Allergens can be, for example, individual dyes.
But people who are sensitive to them are not so many.
They know their contraindications and follow a diet.
Do not eat too bright, colorful candies, prefer colored caramel or just not colored.
Apples are green, not red.
By the way, allergenic properties sin and some natural flavors.
Children need a special approach
The enzyme system in a child up to 3 years is not yet developed.
It cannot completely recycle food additives.
Therefore, substances are specially allocated that can be used in the nutrition of children up to 3 years, up to a year.
Not many of them.
These are only some food acids, natural dyes (for example, carotenes) and flavors derived from plants, fruits.
carcinogenic products
For an adult healthy person, there is no danger from food additives, artificial or natural.
There is only one not very pleasant moment.
Often, nutritional supplements are used to promote cheap foods with low nutritional value, enriching their taste or saturating their color.
And the benefits of some preservatives are questionable.
There are substances that can preserve products for weeks, months, even years.
Why eat food from a month ago?
Supplements should not increase the risk of food consumption
One of the principles of the use of food additives: they should not increase the degree of risk of food consumption.
Their safety is monitored by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
The Joint FAO / WHO Committee of Experts evaluates toxicity, identifies mutagenic properties of food additives.
• Before getting into the product, each is tested on animals.
They are “fed ” with supplements throughout life, an inactive dose is detected.
When transferred to a person, it decreases by 100 times, and sometimes more (reserve factor).
This is called the allowable daily dose, expressed in milligrams of substance per kilogram of body weight.
If previously unknown data are discovered, even a hypothetical possibility of harmful effects of the supplement on the body, the allowable daily dose is reduced.
And in some cases, experts advise countries not to use this ingredient.
At one time, amaranth dye was widely used in products.
In 1975, experimental studies discovered the toxic effect of the dye.
First it was banned in our country, then in other countries.
The same thing happened with potassium bromate.
It was used in the production of bread for the processing of flour.
It was believed that the potassium bromate passes into bromide, which when baking bread, under high temperatures, is destroyed, that is, in the finished bread it is not.
Then it turned out that a small amount of bromate still remains in the bread.
Therefore, it was decided not to recommend it as a food supplement.
Bread
In Russia, the norms for the use of food additives meet European standards
In general, in our country, the norms for the use of food additives comply with European standards.
However, some of these restrictions are more stringent.
For example, nitrites.
They are added to meat products to prevent the conversion of iron-containing enzymes into uncolored compounds and keep the pleasant pink color of sausages, sausages, etc.
Our studies have shown that to perform this function, it is enough to add 75 mg of the substance per 1 kg of product.
A daily allowance of 50 mg / kg of nitrite was introduced in the final product.
In the West, a dosage of 150-200 mg / kg was allowed.
Later, when they began to bring our indicators in line with the European ones, they decided to leave the permissible rate of nitrites the same.
However, even useful (and therapeutic) effects on the body additives are not supposed to provide.
For example, vitamins B2 (riboflavin), C (ascorbic acid), E (tocopherols) are used as food additives, but are introduced into products in such small doses that they cannot perform the function of the vitamins themselves, i.e., compensate for their lack in the diet.
Mainly preservatives and synthetic antioxidants, dyes and sweeteners are normalized.
Many natural substances do not threaten humans in relatively large quantities.
We consume them with vegetables, meat.
Various acids - lactic, malic, acetic - are added to products in such doses (to reduce or increase acidity), which are necessary for the technological process.
The same applies to gelatin, starch, etc. "
Many of us feel more comfortable if the label says "natural product."
But in reality, the manufacturer ’ s assurances of “naturalness ” do not always mean that this food is healthier and cleaner than artificial.
Perhaps it was produced in the same factory as the unnatural one.
Shop.
Products
Recently, the label "environmentally friendly product" is often found on the packaging.
Rospotrebnadzor says: there is no such thing.
There is a "sanitary-hygienic standard".
In other words, no one checks for "ecological purity" of food products, because there are no such criteria.
The inscription is made, what is called, "from the bald".
The manufacturer wanted to attract a buyer - and wrote.
Strictly speaking, it is almost impossible to create such a product.
After all, it is necessary to observe the "purity" in the entire technological chain: raw materials - production - distribution - consumption.
Refusing food additives will not work
If you are strongly against food additives, you will not be able to completely abandon them anyway.
Because it means switching to footfood, like in prehistoric times, when refrigerators were not invented.
Everything they could collect, catch, immediately cooked and eaten.
Cucumbers, potatoes - right from the garden.
We will have to part with both soft drinks and alcohol - drink only tap water or boiled and rustic milk.
Yogurt is excluded from the list.
Without thickeners and dyes, they cannot be obtained.
Advice on how to choose the right products
There is a more reasonable approach.
If you want to be sure that natural and healthy food is on your table, follow these simple recommendations:
• Read the label carefully and do not buy products with an unnaturally bright, flashy color.
Many "colored" drinks, cakes or sweets contain certain dyes;
• Do not buy products with an excessively long shelf life;
• Choose fresh raw vegetables and fruits.
But be aware that some of them, especially those that are carried from afar, are treated with special substances for better preservation and luster;
• Follow the principle of simplicity.
If you buy ready-made products, keep in mind that the smaller the list of ingredients, the less additives.
Products with a refined, savory taste are likely to contain various additives;
• Instead of buying ready-made juices, make them yourself.
Mixing various fruits, you can prepare a useful product of exquisite taste;
• do not snack with chips, ready breakfasts, bag soups, hot dogs, all kinds of burgers, replace them with nuts, raw vegetables;
• If you do not have time to go shopping regularly, buy frozen vegetables;
• refuse processed or canned meat products, such as sausages, sausages, stew in cans.
Disclaimer: This content, including advice, provides only general information.
This is in no way a substitute for a qualified medical report.
For more information, always consult a specialist or your doctor.
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Look what you're eating.
E-Supplements to Avoid

Health concerns have been raised over certain additives, particularly ethoxyquin, which has exhibited potential carcinogenicity in some studies.

What health concerns are there specifically related to additives in farmed salmon feed?

Consequently, regulatory agencies in various jurisdictions have imposed limits or bans on its use in feeds and foods.

Title:

Content: It's looking pretty good that New York may soon join California in banning five food ingredients.

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According to The Center for Science in Public Interest, the first-of-its-kind bill in California is looking to ban the use of certain additives in all food products sold within the state.

Perhaps you’ve heard of what some people have labeled this the "Skittles ban." Contrary to the name given by the public, the bill doesn’t target specific products such as Skittles as a whole but instead focuses on additives such as titanium dioxide, red dye No. 3, brominated vegetable oil, propylparaben, and potassium bromate.

New York has introduced similar legislation, seeking to also ban those additives.

In California, the bill which is known as AB418 has already passed the state Assembly and is currently making its way through the state Senate. If the bill becomes law, these five additives will be banned from all food products for sale in California, excluding animal feed, cosmetics, medicines, personal care items, and household products. What this means is that manufacturers may need to reformulate some candies and ultra-processed foods to comply with the new guidelines.

New York Senate Bill S6055A targets the same five ingredients for a ban on the state's food sales. The good news is that these ingredients are already prohibited for most food uses in the European Union, and many major candy brands, including Skittles, have versions available in EU countries that meet the proposed guidelines.

The reasons behind the potential bans are that while these additives are legal for manufacturers to use in their food products nationwide, they have been heavily restricted or banned completely in the European Union over concerns for consumer safety. The proposed laws in California and New York are seen as proactive measures to protect consumers when the FDA fails to do so.

What is Titanium Dioxide?

Titanium dioxide is a color additive that has been rated as "Avoid" by the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) due to evidence that titanium dioxide nanoparticles can accumulate in the body and cause DNA damage.

What is Red Dye No. 3?

Red dye No. 3 has been linked to thyroid tumors in rats and is currently banned from cosmetics and drugs in the United States.

What is Propylparaben?

Propylparaben is another additive that has been banned in Europe because of concerns regarding endocrine disruption and fertility issues.

What is Brominated Vegetable Oil?

Brominated vegetable oil which is used as an emulsifier in beverages, has been associated with potential health risks, including heart lesions and impaired growth and behavioral development.

What is Potassium Bromate?

Potassium bromate is something that is added to processed foods containing flour and is known to cause cancer in animals.

The New York bill has been introduced and passed in committee. If it receives approval from the state Assembly, Senate, and Governor Kathy Hochul, the ban on these five ingredients will take effect beginning on January 1, 2025.

Five Things Banned or Illegal in New York

These are five things that New York has either banned or made illegal in the state in the last five years.

Gallery Credit: Traci Taylor

15 Foods You Probably Refrigerate but Don’t Really Need To

Gallery Credit: Traci Taylor

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Other additives, including titanium dioxide and certain colorants like red dye

Title:

Content: Preparing for the New Year: how to choose caviar, sausages, cakes, tangerines and other products
6 minutes
400
Products for the New Year's table should be chosen with special care, so as not to spoil the holiday neither to yourself nor to your loved ones.
Choosing caviar, sausages, cakes, tangerines, canned food, you should be guided by certain rules.
For example, caviar should not contain a preservative called urotropin, and the shelf life of baking with cream should not exceed 72 hours.
Holiday purchases are best done in specialized stores, not in the markets, and do not chase the cheapness.
Such advice in the exclusive blicinterview OBOZREVATEL voiced the Chairman of the Board of the Association "Consumer Trust" Elena Kulikova.
Then we give her a direct speech.
General recommendations: look at the packaging and shelf life
The label should contain as much information as possible.
I mean food additives, preservatives, thickeners and so on.
The more words we understand, the better.
Once we see a large number of "E" or incomprehensible words, it is better to look for an alternative to such a product.
Video of the day
And most importantly – pay attention to the expiration date.
Any products I encourage to buy in specialized stores, especially in supermarkets, because they are responsible for the quality and safety of the products they sell.
As few unauthorized markets as possible.
Choose sausage: buy the highest grade and immediately put in the refrigerator
If we are talking about smoked sausages, then they can be bought a little earlier and lie down until the New Year.
But they have to be stored in a certain way.
It is believed that raw smoked sausages can be wrapped in parchment and stored in a dry place at room temperature.
But that's not true.
All sausages should be stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of + 6 degrees.
I recommend buying premium sausages, since in this case, more stringent requirements are imposed on the manufacturer.
The only recommended preservative for sausages is a color stabilizer - sodium nitride.
It is always present in all meat products.
This is a given, we are not going anywhere from this.
Then the taste enhancers begin, all kinds of phosphates, something else.
It's not good to eat.
The use of such products is better reduced.
We buy cakes and pastries just before the New Year.
If we are talking about cakes, cakes with cream, then they have a short shelf life - up to 3 days.
If the shelf life of the cake is 1 – 1.5 weeks, we understand that it contains a large number of preservatives.
Therefore, it is better to refuse them.
I recommend buying immediately before the holiday, so as not to spoil it neither to yourself nor to your loved ones.
It is necessary to pay attention to the temperature regime in which this cake is stored in the store.
It should be a refrigerator with a temperature not higher than + 6 degrees.
And look at the expiration date.
If we buy sweets, cookies, which are in vacuum packages, packaged, then pay attention to the integrity of the package and shelf life.
We buy champagne with a marking in Ukrainian
Any alcohol also has a certain shelf life, but still, if you have a bottle of something in the bins, champagne, liquor or something else and we see on the label that the period has already expired, the good news is that do not rush to throw this product away, you still do not poison it, only if it is not a fake.
As for champagne, unfortunately, there is a lot of information that our domestic pseudo-producers produce a lot of sparkling wines, which, in fact, are fake imported wines.
Be sure to check the presence of an excise label, the availability of information about the manufacturer, the distributor, if it is imported products, what kind of alcohol, the amount of sugar, the percentage of alcohol.
If all the necessary information about the drink is available, and it is in Ukrainian, this gives us reason to believe that this is an official, not a smuggled product, and it can be safely used.
If there is no marking in the state language, then such alcohol should be abandoned.
Because there is a high probability that it is counterfeit, contraband or outright fake.
It is especially important to pay attention to imported drinks.
Choosing canned food: deformed cans do not take
Green peas, corn and other canned food.
Here are the same standard recommendations.
Always look at the shelf life, the integrity of the package, so that the jars are not swollen.
If the inner surface of the coating, which ensures the safety of the product, is damaged, mold and anything can develop there.
Therefore, it is better not to buy deformed banks.
Canned food is also desirable to buy in specialized stores.
Tangerines should smell good and be stain-free
Tangerines are the easiest.
Enough visual inspection.
They should smell good, in any case not be moldy, with black dots and so on.
Before use, they must be washed.
Despite the fact that we still remove the skin, unfortunately, all fruits of long-term storage, including tangerines, are always treated with chemicals from spoilage, insects and bugs.
Choose red caviar: no urotropin and cheap
Recently, we conducted a study, took 12 samples of red caviar.
8 samples in supermarkets, 2 samples on the market and 2 samples purchased in online stores.
The most correct, real, natural product is the one in which there are only two components: caviar and salt.
But unfortunately, in recent years, we have almost no such caviar on the shelves.
Perhaps it can be bought in bulk in specialized stores.
But in the jars there is always a preservative - sorbic acid.
It is acceptable by standard.
But there is another unpleasant surprise – we found such a preservative as urotropin in all manufacturers.
In Ukraine, it is not prohibited, it is allowed to use it in small quantities.
All within normal limits.
But in the EU, this preservative is banned.
There are studies that confirm the negative effects of this preservative.
In the process of fermentation, the decomposition of this substance occurs, as a result, harmful substances are formed, which are carcinogens.
My recommendations: if we buy caviar, the first thing we pay attention to is as few preservatives as possible, it is advisable to choose caviar on which the manufacturer does not indicate the presence of urotropin.
We also pay attention to the expiration date.
We understand that salmon spawning occurs from July to September, and if the jar has a production date within this period, we understand that we have fresh caviar.
It is not scary even if it is written that it is made from frozen raw materials, because there are a lot of enterprises that catch fish and immediately freeze it, and then make caviar from it.
When buying caviar, we focus on the price.
We are not chasing cheapness.
We must understand that fish caviar, which is grown artificially, for example, trout, will be cheaper, on average 1400 hryvnia per kilogram.
If it is a wild fish, for example, pink salmon, then a kilogram of caviar can cost about 2000 hryvnia per kilogram.
Sockeye is a more expensive fish, there the price is about 2500 hryvnia.
If the caviar is within these limits, then, by and large, this is normal.
Very cheap is not worth buying.

What are some of the additives that are added to salmon feeds in salmon farms?

No. 3, propylparaben, brominated vegetable oil, and potassium bromate, have been banned or heavily restricted due to risks such as DNA damage and carcinogenicity.

What health concerns are there specifically related to additives in farmed salmon feed?

These regulatory actions reflect increasing caution against additives whose safety profiles are ambiguous or hazardous .

Antibiotic use in salmon farming is tightly regulated to mitigate human health risks associated with residues.

Title:

Content: What Is A Salmon Sperm Facial? The Dark Side To The Beauty Trend

People are having DNA derived from salmon sperm injected into their faces to make them look younger

By

5 Minutes Read

Salmon sperm facials made the news last year after Jennifer Aniston told the Wall Street Journal she had tried one. Now the anti-ageing treatment is tipped to become a big beauty trend of 2024.

Injecting sperm into your face sounds gross – though it isn’t actually sperm that’s used. But the bigger problem is the industry behind the trend: salmon farming and fishing.

Here we delve into the dark side of the salmon sperm facial and the problem with using animal products in cosmetics.

What is a salmon sperm facial?

The “sperm” in the facials is actually DNA derived from the sperm of salmon. It’s technical name is Polydeoxyribonucleotide, or PDRN, which is how the ingredient may be labelled on cosmetics products. PDRN refers to several bioactive molecules derived from purified and sterilized DNA taken from salmon sperm.

A treatment involves having PDRN injected into your face using a small needle. It is supposed to stimulate collagen production and help cell renewal. Several sessions are recommended across several months to see results. PDRN is also found in some luxury skincare products like lotions and supplements. The fad originated in South Korea, the home of skincare regimes that have become a global phenomenon known as K-beauty.

There is some research showing that PDRN can help wounds to heal, discovered through animal experimentation. But there have been few human trials to test it’s efficacy for cosmetic or medical purposes.

Where does the sperm come from?

According to Metro, the salmon-derived ingredient in the treatment is a by-product of seafood production. “[R]ather than it being tossed away when wild Alaskan salmon is prepared, instead the beauty industry snaps it up.”

It’s not clear whether the PDRN used by beauty companies comes exclusively from wild Alaskan salmon, or whether some is obtained from farmed salmon. Either way, both industries are deeply problematic, and the use of their by-products by the beauty industry is not as harmless as it sounds.

Taking fishes from the wild

Populations of wild Atlantic Salmon are declining globally, with some communities in crisis. For example, in UK rivers – a breeding ground for the species – populations hit a record low in 2022.

This is despite efforts to conserve Atlantic salmon numbers through fishing exclusion zones being established since the 1980s. The global decline is likely due to illegal and unregulated fishing activity, according to one study. Dammed rivers, warming waters due to the climate crisis, and sea lice proliferating at salmon farms attaching to wild fishes may also impacting the health of wild salmon populations.

Salmon farming

Farming salmon is supposed to help alleviate pressure on wild populations. Most of the salmon sold in supermarkets in the UK come from Scottish farms. Indeed, globally more fishes killed for food now come from farms than from the wild. This makes it seem more likely that the PDRN in cosmetics is currently, or will in future be, derived from farmed salmon (though we don’t know its origins for sure).

Salmon farming has many negative impacts on the fishes and the marine environment. Undercover investigations have shown how farmed salmon suffer from predation, sea lice infestations, and disease outbreaks. Mortality rates on farms have also been rising due to warming waters – a problem only set to get worse in future.

The sea lice infestations on farms are bleeding into wild salmon who swim past the pens of their captive kin. In Scotland, there are plans to establish protection zones for wild salmon to keep them safe from the sea lice outbreaks on farms.

Pollution including waste and pesticides from farms has been rising and wreaking havoc on surrounding ecosystems.

By-products aren’t harmless

Using by-products from the meat, fishing, and farmed fish industries – known as rendering – does not simply reduce waste from those industries. It financially supports them by adding value to their products.

Slaughtering animals for food produces a lot of waste, such as blood, bones, skin or scales, hoofs, intestines, and fish swim bladders. Treating and disposing of it in an environmentally safe way is expensive, which is why animal industries would rather sell it. Development in technology are increasingly enabling them to extract materials from waste and monetize it.

The value that rendering adds to animal industries can lead to the products derived from waste becoming a driver of destructive practices.

For example, bovine collagen, used like PDNR as an anti-ageing treatment, has become extremely popular. In 2023, an investigation by several news organizations uncovered links between collagen supply chains and Amazon deforestation. The booming collagen industry means that, along with leather, collagen makes up an increasing portion of the profit made from cows raised in the Amazon who are killed for beef.

Marine collagen, derived from the skin of fishes, is also becoming popular. It could potentially provide a new revenue stream for seafood companies. Collagen, salmon sperm, and other fish waste products that can be rendered could thus become more of a reason in themselves for slaughtering fishes.

More like this:

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What health concerns are there specifically related to additives in farmed salmon feed?

Unauthorized antibiotic additions are prohibited, and veterinary prescriptions with strict dosage, duration, and withdrawal periods are required.

Title:

Content: Posted Today, 06: 07
Published Today, 06: 07
Modified Today, 06: 09
Updated Today, 06: 09
How to choose the perfect dry food for dogs and puppies?
Research of Rosskachestvo
25 July 2024, 06: 07
Photo: 1MI
How to choose the perfect dry food for dogs and puppies?
Research of Rosskachestvo
Choosing dry food for your pet can be a daunting task.
How do you know what ’ s right for your four-legged friend?
Roskachestvo experts studied 44 brands and are ready to share their findings.
Dry food often becomes the main product in the diet of four-legged.
This means that it should not only be delicious, but also as useful as possible.
How to choose the right food that will provide your pet with all the necessary substances, vitamins and amino acids?
Research and expert opinions will help you make a thoughtful choice.
Differences between food for adult dogs and puppies
The first thing you should know is that food for adult dogs and puppies differ significantly in composition.
The growing body of a puppy requires more amino acids and vitamins.
What happens if you feed a puppy food for adults?
- If it is an isolated case, then the disaster will not happen, but it is not recommended to do this regularly.
The needs of a growing organism are significantly different from the needs of an adult, ” explains Veterinarian Alexei Alexandrov from the Vega Clinic.
Quality is not always about price.
A study conducted by Roskachestvo indicates that the quality of food does not always correlate with its price.
For example, the brand “365 days ” worth 56.82 rubles per kilogram was valued at 4.82 and recognized as one of the best in the ranking.
This demonstrates that an affordable price does not always indicate poor product quality.
Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the composition, and not only to its cost.
Myth 1: Antibiotics and Hormones
This myth is widespread, but in fact it is not supported by scientific research.
Production is governed by strict regulations, including the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) in the United States and similar bodies in other countries.
These organizations prohibit the addition of antibiotics and hormones to feed without a prescription from a veterinarian.
Proven brands carefully monitor the quality of their products, and the presence of such substances is a violation of the law.
Myth 2: There must be a lot of meat
Although meat is an important source of protein for our smaller friends, it is not always necessary that it make up the bulk of the diet.
Modern balanced foods can include a variety of protein sources, such as fish, cereals, beans, and other plant components.
It is important that the food contains all the necessary amino acids, vitamins and minerals that are necessary for the health of the animal.
Protein quality is more important than quantity, and some plant-based protein sources can be beneficial supplements to your diet.
Myth 3: Dyes and preservatives are added to dry food
Many manufacturers of high-quality products avoid the use of artificial colors and preservatives.
Instead, they can use natural antioxidants such as tocopherols (vitamin E) and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) to keep the product fresh.
It is important to read labels and choose reliable manufacturers that transparently indicate the composition of their products.
Problems and concerns
Despite many myths, there are real problems.
Half of the feed tested showed traces of pesticides, and GMOs were also found for the first time.
Although the number of these elements was negligible and not dangerous, it is still a cause for concern.
Another important problem is the discrepancy between the actual composition declared on the package.
This can mislead consumers and lead to the wrong formation of the diet for animals.
Roskachestvo initiated the inclusion of requirements for the reliability of feed labeling in the draft technical regulation of the Eurasian Economic Union.
Safety and quality
The study confirmed that all types of dry dog food tested are safe and free of toxic substances.
They did not contain heavy metals, radionuclides, mycotoxins and antibiotics.
However, trace amounts of pesticides were found in adult dog food from 19 brands and two brands for puppies.
This is permissible at the legislative level, but such feed cannot claim the Russian Quality Mark.
How to choose food for your pet?
When choosing, it is important to pay attention to the composition, and not to the price or marketing gimmicks.
Labels like “With a lot of beef ” can be just a way to get attention.
If the package says "Beef Flavored", this does not mean that beef is in the feed.
Perhaps it is only flavors and flavors.
Top 5 feed
Location Evaluation Recommendations
1st place – Perfect fit 5.00 25% of users recommend
2nd place – 365 days.
4.82 11% of users recommend
3rd place Brit care 4.73
4th place Savarra Savarra 4.66
5th place – Eukanuba Eukanuba 4.64

What health concerns are there specifically related to additives in farmed salmon feed?

Countries including the US (FDA), European Union (EFSA), China, and Canada enforce maximum residue limits (MRLs) for antibiotics and other veterinary drugs in farmed salmon.

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning additives in salmon feed?

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning antibiotics in farmes salmon?

These MRLs are monitored through routine testing, with enforcement actions such as product recalls or farm sanctions imposed when violations occur.

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Content: Egg Testing 2022 ｜ 80% of 16 safe egg samples are rated as “Green Fish ” and can be eaten safely
Author ： LAI Peijun
Published: Updated:
The small fish testing platform of Aquatic Biotechnology Co., Ltd. today (5) announced the 47th edition of the list of "genetically modified mackerel" and "zebrafish" embryotoxicity test eggs.
In the market, 15 egg brands were sampled and a total of 16 egg samples were tested.
The results showed that 13 samples showed green fish (excellent quality) and 3 samples were yellow fish (qualified quality). The test did not detect red fish (to be improved) samples, and the overall performance was good.
All 16 egg samples are qualified.
From July to August 2022, Aqua Silver selected 15 egg brands from major supermarkets (PARKnSHOP, Wellcome, Taste, M & S, etc.) in Hong Kong. A total of 16 egg samples were tested for fish embryo toxicity, including local and international brands. Yellow fish, red fish.
"Small Fish Test" draws on the safety standards of many countries and regions, including the World Health Organization, the European Union, the United States, China and Japan, and the List of Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) to develop its safety guidelines through horizontal comparison of similar products:
． Green Fish stands for “excellent quality ”. The products perform well in acute and chronic toxicological testing and ingredient screening. Consumers can buy them with peace of mind.
． Yellow Fish stands for “Quality Conformity ”. The product is rated as qualified and effective in acute and chronic toxicological testing and banned ingredient screening. Consumers can refer to it together as the selection criteria.
Red fish stands for “needs to be improved ”. There are one or more substandard products in acute and chronic toxicity testing and banned ingredient screening. Consumers are advised to be particularly cautious when shopping.
The results of the "small fish test" showed that of the 16 egg samples, 13 samples were green fish and 3 samples were yellow fish. No red fish samples were detected in this test.
There are 7 Asian brands, 6 are green fish, 1 is yellow fish, 2 British brands are green fish, 6 Australian and New Zealand brands are green fish, 5 is green fish, 1 is yellow fish, and 1 American brand is yellow fish. The price difference between the cheapest and most expensive brands in the 16 samples can be more than 5 times.
Thirteen of the 16 egg samples were green fish and three were yellow fish. No red fish samples were detected. (Freepik)
Eggs pass estrogen-like test
Silver in water uses genetically modified mackerel embryos for chronic toxicity testing to assess safety risks to humans.
The World Health Organization and the United Nations have long shown that estrogen-like hormones can cause various diseases in the human body and cause endocrine imbalances, such as cancer, decreased reproductive capacity, nervous system disorders, premature puberty in children, diabetes and so on.
As a result of this test, 16 samples were tested for chronic toxicity in genetically modified mackerel fish embryos and rated as "excellent quality".
There were samples of acute toxicants that were twice as safe.
Zebrafish and human disease-causing genes are up to 84% similar, and are able to screen thousands of toxic chemicals.
The team observed developmental abnormalities in zebrafish embryos after exposure to acute toxic substances in egg samples, including blood clotting, cardiac edema, and in severe cases, direct death of the fish embryos tested.
Among them, the egg sample with the highest acute toxicity exceeded the safety standard of silver in water by 1 times, but it was still within the acceptable range.
Previous studies have shown that contaminants, such as 4-deoxynivalenol, Fipronil, and Meloxicam, which are estrogen-active in feed, can be transmitted to the eggs and affect the health of the hens. The team did not rule out the presence of chemicals in individual or mixed effects. Toxicity.
At the same time, toxicity can also be caused by environmental factors, including farm soil, air, drinking water, and transport of feed tanks.
In the Zebrafish embryo acute toxicity test, 16 samples were rated as "excellent quality" and 3 as "qualified quality".
List of safe eggs:
+ 8
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