China’s J-10 fighter jet export market remains limited in customer base but strategically important, anchored by Pakistan as the sole confirmed buyer and Turkey as a potential future customer.

In terms of concrete contract details, Pakistan ordered 36 J-10CE fighters, the export version of the advanced J-10C, with deliveries commencing in February 2022.

By early 2023, Pakistan Air Force (PAF) had inducted at least five aircraft into its 15 Squadron at Kamra Airbase.

This procurement is part of a broader $20 billion Pakistani military modernization program aimed at replacing aging American legacy fighters and enhancing multirole combat capability.

Pakistan’s Defense Ministry officially acknowledged the purchase, although specific contract financial terms and delivery timelines beyond initial induction milestones have not been publicly disclosed.

Importantly, Pakistani military officials have reported enhanced strike range, advanced air-to-air missile capability, and modern avionics suite as major operational improvements over older platforms.

Pakistan’s cancellation of a 2018 order for 30 Turkish T129 helicopters—primarily due to U.S. export license delays—and subsequent shift to Chinese Z-10ME attack helicopters underscores deepening defense ties with China, further consolidating Beijing as a critical defense supplier .

The operational feedback from Pakistani defense sources has consistently emphasized the J-10CE’s improved avionics, compatibility with a wide array of air-to-air and air-to-ground missiles, and significant upgrade in combat performance, especially in air superiority and multirole strike missions.

The integrated WS-10 domestically produced turbofan engine, replacing earlier reliance on Russian engines, has been noted as a key factor enhancing reliability and logistical independence, thus boosting export appeal.

Official Pakistani military presentations and national air displays have showcased the J-10CE as a symbol of modernisation and technological partnership between Pakistan and China.

Nonetheless, there remains a lack of publicly accessible, detailed year-on-year operational performance data or independent third-party evaluations, limiting transparent assessments beyond state-released statements .

Regarding Turkey, reports indicate that Ankara is exploring alternatives to its aging fleet of U.S.-supplied F-16C/D fighters amidst procurement delays and efforts to avoid high upgrade costs.

Turkish officials, including members of the Turkish Security Council, have publicly indicated that the Chinese J-10C is an attractive cost-effective option.

The J-10C offers a combination of advanced avionics, a modern single-engine design, low operating costs, and compatibility adjustments enabling it to employ American-origin weapons systems favored by Turkey.

This consideration by Turkey, the world’s largest non-U.S. F-16 operator, would represent a significant geopolitical and defense procurement shift if formalized.

However, no confirmed sales contract or timeline has been disclosed, and Turkish Ministry of Interior or Defense procurement bodies have publicly refrained from confirming acquisition details.

Hence, the negotiation status remains speculative, albeit widely reported in defense circles as a serious option under consideration .

Beyond Pakistan and Turkey, other potential markets for the J-10 include regions like Southeast Asia and the Middle East, but so far no additional confirmed exports have occurred.

Malaysia has expressed interest in procuring light combat aircraft, with pending tenders that list various contenders including India’s Tejas, Russia’s MiG-35, and South Korea’s FA-50.

However, Malaysia has not formally offered or engaged with the J-10 in its procurement process, opting instead to consider other Chinese platforms such as the L-15 lead-in fighter trainer.

This suggests limited market traction beyond core buyers.

Factors constraining broader adoption include technical performance concerns, especially related to engine reliability and maintenance complexity.

U.S. sanctions under the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA) present a geopolitical barrier, particularly for countries allied with Washington or dependent on Western military hardware.

Such sanctions and component export embargoes complicate integration of certain subsystems or engines, reducing the J-10’s attractiveness in some markets.

Countries with cooler relations with Western powers such as Pakistan, Iran, and North Korea tend to prefer Chinese jets to mitigate sanction exposure, but overall J-10 export penetration remains incremental and heavily influenced by geopolitical alignments .

On a technical level, the J-10 platform has undergone substantial modernization since the original 1980s design.

China has produced approximately 350 J-10 variants including J-10A, J-10B (maritime version), and the J-10C featuring active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, thrust vectoring engines, and updated weapon systems.

The export J-10CE incorporates these improvements, deploying the indigenous WS-10 turbofan engine instead of Russian models, enhancing in-service reliability and reducing logistical dependency.

Chinese and Pakistani media praise the aircraft performance, particularly noting its multirole flexibility, payload capacity, and modern avionics suite.

Western defense analysts recognize the J-10CE as offering a competitive cost-to-capability ratio against Western 4.5-generation fighters like the F-16 or F-15 but commonly point out the lack of extensive combat-proven operational history as a drawback when compared to Western or some Russian fighters.

Export model enhancements aim to bridge these gaps by localizing components and adapting the design to meet international regulatory constraints and interoperability demands .

The barriers facing wider J-10 exports are not only technical but also diplomatic and geopolitical.

The mature U.S. F-16 ecosystem backed by decades of user experience and global supply chains remains formidable competition.

China’s difficulties in mastering reliable, high-thrust engine technology delayed earlier ambitions for broad exports, and these engine issues still raise concerns among some potential buyers.

Additionally, the risk of U.S. CAATSA sanctions for secondary transactions involving Russian components or technology appearing in the J-10 package limits options.

Furthermore, major defense buyers often require extensive networks for after-sales support, training, and upgrades, areas where Chinese firms continue to develop capacity.

Despite these challenges, Beijing’s export strategy emphasizes affordability, political alignment, and gradual technological improvements to gain footholds in markets less accessible to Western or Russian suppliers .

International media and independent defense analysts generally view the J-10 as a credible multirole fighter with competitive avionics and weapons payload for its class, particularly attractive to countries with budget constraints or facing procurement barriers from Western suppliers.

However, skepticism persists about long-term maintenance, operational support infrastructure, and the jet’s proven combat effectiveness, as its export history is relatively short and limited principally to Pakistan.

Demonstrations, exercises, or reported combat use have yet to generate broad third-party validation, which limits the jet’s global reputation compared to familiar platforms.

Chinese analysts tend to highlight the J-10’s role in projecting China’s aerospace technology advances and regional security contributions, while many Western commentators remain cautious but acknowledge the J-10CE’s improved competitiveness and steadily expanding export potential .

In conclusion, the export market for China’s J-10 fighter jets currently centers on Pakistan, a customer benefiting from modernized multirole capabilities and strengthened defense ties with China.

Turkey’s possible adoption, while unconfirmed, could become a pivotal development, transforming the J-10’s export profile and geopolitical footprint.

Other potential buyers have yet to materialize due to a combination of technical, political, and market challenges.

While gradual improvements and export adaptations demonstrate China’s determination to compete globally, the J-10 still faces significant hurdles related to engine reliability, after-sales support, and international sanctions regimes.

Buyers and analysts widely consider the J-10 a competitive, cost-effective fighter within its class, though long-term export success hinges on overcoming technical maturation and geopolitical constraints in an intensely contested global fighter market.

China’s J-10 fighter jet export market remains limited in customer base but strategically important, anchored by Pakistan as the sole confirmed buyer and Turkey as a potential future customer.

Title:

Content: Chinese Army J-10 Crossing the Strait Central Line Ministry of Defense: Strict Monitoring of Missiles
Reporters Lu Chiung-chang / reporting from Taipei
The Ministry of Defense said that since 0600 hours yesterday (8) to 0600 hours, six sorties (including one over the middle line of the strait) and three ships have been detected, and activities around the Taiwan Strait have continued.
The military uses mission aircraft, ships and shore missile systems to closely monitor and respond.
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According to the plan released by the Ministry of Defense, the Chinese People's Liberation Army entered the airspace around the Taiwan Strait, and one of the PLA's J-10 fighters crossed the northern end of the Strait Central Line and immediately turned back.
In the 1980s, Israel Aerospace (IAI) developed the Lavi based on the F-16, but production was canceled due to opposition from the United States.
Since then, Chengdu Aircraft Company has cooperated with Lion to develop new fighters. Although Israel and China ended cooperation after 1989, Chengdu Aircraft Company continued to develop and develop the J-10A in 1998, and completed the test flight of the J-10A, and completed mass production two years later.
The J-10A adopts a single engine, a single vertical tail, and a single wing pneumatic configuration in the dual delta wing, which is characterized by excellent high altitude and high speed performance, and the front delta wing can improve the maneuverability of medium and low altitude, which can effectively shorten the take-off and landing distance.
J-10 fighter after service with Su-27SK, Su-30MKK, J-11 and other fighters formed a high and low match. Although the price of the J-10A is only half that of the F-16, but due to poor reliability, the supporting domestic engine development into a bottleneck, resulting in poor export performance.
After the production of the J-10A, Chengdu Aircraft Company started a performance improvement and improvement program in 2004, and the J-10B was successfully tested in December 2008. The J-10B abandoned the rectangular intake channel design and switched to a Rampless integrated intake channel similar to the FC-1, and continued to improve the launch of the J-10C. 2017 In June, the J-10C participated in the 90th anniversary parade of the People's Liberation Army, making its first public appearance, and the J-10C was replaced with an active phased array radar.
The Pakistan Air Force is the only foreign procurement unit of the J-10, ordering 36 J-10CE fighters, and J-10CE is the export model of the J-10C.
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What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Which country may purchase China's J-10 Fighter as an alternative to the U.S. F-16 Fighters?

In terms of concrete contract details, Pakistan ordered 36 J-10CE fighters, the export version of the advanced J-10C, with deliveries commencing in February 2022.

Title:

Content: Turkey replaces F-16 with Chinese fighter jet
Wednesday 08 March 2023 - 12: 09 GMT
Kagri Erhan, a member of the Security Council and Foreign Policy of the Turkish Presidency, announced that Ankara is expected to abandon its requests for American-made fourth-generation F-16C / D fighter jets due to the availability of a better alternative.
World - Turkey
The Turkish official noted that the “$20 billion cost package ” and the availability of more cost-effective options, notably the Chinese J-10C, could make such a rollout a reality.
"Now we have other options such as the Chinese plane that was sold to Pakistan, the Russian planes and also the Eurofighter," he said.
According to Miltary Watch, Pakistan began receiving Chinese J-10C fighters in February 2022.
The Chinese fighter is of the same weight as its American counterpart, the F-16, but it is several decades newer with multiple features and performance advantages, especially in terms of armament, flight and flight performance.
It is a lightweight single-engine fighter with low operating cost and improved fifth-generation avionics.
Chinese aircraft also have similar capabilities and in most respects are superior to their American counterparts, in addition to requiring less maintenance needs and much faster delivery time.
Although Turkey is the largest foreign operator of the US F-16, with about 250 in service, which means the new aircraft can be easily integrated with existing training and logistics systems and weapons, China has in the past modified its fighters to be able to operate US weapons at the request of foreign customers.
One of the main advantages of the Chinese fighter is its very low cost compared to its American counterpart, due to the fact that China manufactures large quantities of them, unlike the American.
Turkey ’ s preference for lightweight fighters makes the Chinese single-engine aircraft an effective and pioneering option.

How many J-10 Fighters has Pakistan imported from China?

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

By early 2023, Pakistan Air Force (PAF) had inducted at least five aircraft into its 15 Squadron at Kamra Airbase.

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Content: In 2023, the Chinese Air Force officially deployed the 41st Air Brigade consisting of J-20 fighters at the Wuyishan Air Force Base in Fujian Province, and it is reported that at least six J-20s were in service that year.
"Bulgarian Military Network" (BulgarianMilitary.com) reported on the 20th that this is the 11th Chinese unit to replace the J-20, and it is also the third such transformation in 2023.
Other replacements included the 97th Air Brigade at Dazu Air Force Base near Chengdu, and the 4th Air Brigade at Foshan Air Force Base near Shenzhen.
Prior to this, the Wuyishan Force had been using 4-generation fighter jets since 2008, and the J-11, like the J-20, was a heavy-duty twin-engine air superiority fighter.
The production of the J-20 increased significantly at the end of 2021, while the fuselage and avionics equipment continued to improve, and the delivery volume in 2022 continued to increase.
Looking ahead, deliveries of the J-20 are expected to be close to 100 in 2024 and 120 in 2025, which will make it more than 250% higher than the US Air Force ’ s F-35.
Because technically, China ’ s civil war is not over, Wuyi Mountain is particularly sensitive due to its close proximity to the Taiwan Strait.
One of the major changes in the military balance is the development of China's 5th generation fighter aircraft.
In contrast, Taiwan relies heavily on the U.S.-made F-16 for air defense, a lightweight fourth-generation fighter that first flew more than half a century ago.
Since the early 2000s, Taipei has been trying to procure five generations of F-35 fighters from the United States, but for various reasons, it has never been able to do so. The strategic location of Wuyi Mountain, only 200 kilometers from the Taiwan Strait, is the key.
However, the J-20 ’ s impressive 2,000-kilometer combat radius means that troops stationed further afield can still effectively fight in the event of a local conflict.
By the end of 2022, eight brigades had confirmed the deployment of the J-20, and although only three brigades were officially included in the 2023 renovation record, there was strong suspicion that two more brigades had already done so.
China speeds up Chengdu J-20 fighter deliveries to military
# J-20 # F-35 # F-16 # Invisible # Aircraft

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

This procurement is part of a broader $20 billion Pakistani military modernization program aimed at replacing aging American legacy fighters and enhancing multirole combat capability.

Title:

Content: According to Turkish media reports, after the delay in delivery, Pakistan has decided to cancel its 2018 purchase of 30 T129 attack helicopters from Turkey, and switch to the purchase of Chinese-made Z-10ME armed helicopters, which can be said to be the dividends derived from Pakistan's purchase of Chinese-made J-10 fighters.
"Global Network" quoted the local media "Defense Industry News" reported that the decision to cancel the purchase of Turkish attack helicopters was the head of the Public Relations Department of the Pakistan Armed Forces Babar.
Major General Iftihar announced it at a press conference.
He said Pakistan was "determined to move forward" and confirmed that talks were under way with China on the purchase of the Z-10ME armed helicopters and that the Turkish deal had been abandoned.
The report pointed out that Pakistan and China in 2014 and the procurement of the direct -10 negotiations.
However, in 2018, Turkey ordered 30 T129 attack helicopters worth $1.5 billion from Turkey. Since the LHTEC-T800 engine for the helicopter is made in the United States, it must first obtain the US export license, but the United States has not responded, so Turkey has been unable to execute the order.
Turkey and the United States have been engaged in lengthy negotiations on the implementation of the contract, trying to obtain an export license for the engine.
Now, according to Pakistan, this process, which has been going on for many years, is over.
In an earlier statement, Turkish presidential spokesman Ibrahim Karin said, "The United States has prevented us from providing combat helicopters to Pakistan."
This could lead to the transfer of tenders to China, and the loser would be the United States. ”
According to earlier reports, in sharp contrast to Pakistan ’ s lack of a U.S. export license for its order, Turkey ’ s contract to sell the same attack helicopter to the Philippines was approved by the U.S. government.
Pakistan ’ s military plans to replace 48 old American-made AH-1F attack helicopters with new armed helicopters.
Previously, Pakistan had reached an agreement with the United States to purchase 12 new AH-1Z attack helicopters, but due to the problems of the United States, the agreement could not be implemented.
According to public information, the Chinese-made Z-10ME is an advanced attack helicopter that debuted in 2018, and it is derived from the Z-10 upgrade, including: equipped with active and passive confrontation equipment, replaced with more powerful engines up to 1200 kW, new engine exhaust vents to reduce infrared features, and attached deck to provide defense capabilities.
The report pointed out that the Z-10ME has all-weather combat capabilities, with air-to-air missiles, rockets, artillery and other airborne weapons, which can effectively attack enemy ground fortifications, armored and non-armored moving targets, and aerial targets such as helicopters.
It is understood that Pakistan has purchased at least 25 J-10CE fighters from China, and the country's interior minister recently announced that these fighters will fly over the observation deck in formation at the celebration of Pakistan's Independence Day in March.
This batch of fighters is also the first export of the J-10 series, which is of great significance to the international market prospects of China's defense industry.
Source: Turkish media: Pakistan cancels Turkish order to buy China direct -10ME, the loser will be the United States
# Armed Helicopter # Wu Zhi - 10ME # Turkey # Pakistan # China

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Pakistan’s Defense Ministry officially acknowledged the purchase, although specific contract financial terms and delivery timelines beyond initial induction milestones have not been publicly disclosed.

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Importantly, Pakistani military officials have reported enhanced strike range, advanced air-to-air missile capability, and modern avionics suite as major operational improvements over older platforms.

Title:

Content: Adsence Ads 300X250
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PAF formally inducts Rafale rival China-made J-10C fighter jets

Web Desk BOL News

11th Mar, 2022. 02:25 pm
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KAMRA: The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) formally inducted a modern Chinese-made J-10C multi-role combat aircraft also known as “vigorous dragon” during a ceremony held at Kamra Airbase on Friday.

Prime Minister Imran Khan attended the induction ceremony of the single-engine fighter jet at the invitation of Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) Air Chief Marshal Zaheer Ahmad Babar, along with other federal ministers and the Chinese ambassador.

During the ceremony, The Prime Minister has witnessed a thrilling flypast of various aircraft formations, including the newly inducted J10C, F-16s, JF-17s, and Mirages, which displayed a sophisticated array of avionics and weaponry.

Read more: PAF’s acquisition of J10-C

Following the flypast, the Prime Minister witnessed the landing of five J-10C aircraft, which have been inducted into the 15 Squadron.

The J-10C is larger and can be outfitted with a bigger active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar than the JF-17 Block 3 uses.

The aircraft can carry fourth-generation air-to-air missiles such as the short-range PL-10 and the beyond-visual-range PL-15.

According to a foreign media report, China will deliver a total of 25 J-10C fighter jets to Pakistan, significantly increasing the country’s military capability to defend airspace.

Read more: J-10C induction ceremony: Pakistan knows how to protect its boundaries, says Imran

After being tested in Chengdu, the first batch of combat aircraft arrived in Pakistan a few days ago.

Images of a Pakistan Air Force (PAF) J-10C fighter jet with the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) markings recently surfaced on social media and were widely circulated by media outlets.

Chinese analysts have praised the latest defence cooperation between China and Pakistan, saying that the move is significant for both countries because it strengthens the Pakistani military’s combat capabilities, promotes China’s aviation equipment, and serves regional security interests.

“The J-10C will significantly improve the Pakistan Air Force’s combat capabilities,” Chinese analysts predicted.

“The J-10C is a 4.5-generation medium-sized fighter jet that is more powerful than the China-Pakistan jointly developed lightweight fighter jet, the JF-17, which is currently in service with the Pakistan Air Force,” Shi Hong, Executive Chief Editor of Shipborne Weapons, told the Global Times.

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Pakistan’s cancellation of a 2018 order for 30 Turkish T129 helicopters—primarily due to U.S. export license delays—and subsequent shift to Chinese Z-10ME attack helicopters underscores deepening defense ties with China, further consolidating Beijing as a critical defense supplier .

The operational feedback from Pakistani defense sources has consistently emphasized the J-10CE’s improved avionics, compatibility with a wide array of air-to-air and air-to-ground missiles, and significant upgrade in combat performance, especially in air superiority and multirole strike missions.

What may some improvements made in China's J-10 Fighter help Pakistan Airforce?

Enable Pakistan Air Force to carry more missiles to perform combat missions

The integrated WS-10 domestically produced turbofan engine, replacing earlier reliance on Russian engines, has been noted as a key factor enhancing reliability and logistical independence, thus boosting export appeal.

Title:

Content: What's new

India’s AMCA ‘Stealth Fighters’ Enter Production Stage, How Does It Jet Stack-Up Against China’s J-20 Mighty Dragon?

beijingwalker

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India’s AMCA ‘Stealth Fighters’ Enter Production Stage, How Does It Jet Stack-Up Against China’s J-20 Mighty Dragon?

BySakshi Tiwari

March 21, 2022

The fifth-generation J-20 ‘Mighty Dragon’ is a prized possession of the Chinese PLA Air Force. With India’s prototype of AMCA going into production, will the Chinese stealth fighters have a potential challenger right across the border?

The Chengdu J-20 is a single-seat, multi-role stealth fighter that serves as a symbol of China’s growing air power as the plane has been featured prominently in military parades and air shows across the country.

Last year, the J-20 reportedly entered mass production after replacing the Russian AL-31F Turbofan engine with a domestically built WS-10. According to Chinese plans, the current WS-10C engine is further to be replaced by the latest and more advanced WS-15.

Chinese jets have traditionally been powered by Russian-made engines. China has long sought to develop its own engine and gain maximum flexibility, freeing itself from the constraints imposed by Russian engines. The successful integration of WS-15 on J-20s could be the next big breakthrough in self-sufficiency for China.

China’s next-generation turbofan engine, the WS-15, which is to dramatically boost the performance of the J-20 stealth fighter jet, has completed rigorous testing.

The WS-15 engine has undergone several tests, according to China Central Television (CCTV), after the WS-10, China’s first independently developed high performance, high thrust turbofan engine with afterburner, was installed on fighter jets such as the J-10, J-11, and J-20 since 2016.

The WS-15 has a low bypass ratio and is capable of thrust vector control, according to CCTV. It was developed for fifth-generation heavy and medium fighter jets. The J-20s were supposed to be integrated with the WS-15, but due to test failures, China decided to stick to the WS-10C.

The Chinese military now has a fleet of roughly 50 J-20s. New J-20s will be equipped with the WS-15 engine, said a report of South China Morning Post.

China has been relentlessly working to close the gap with the US Air Force and the upgrades that it is carrying out to the WS-10 engines are aimed at challenging the F-22 Raptors of the US.

This year, China will begin upgrading the J-20 engines by incorporating thrust vectoring technology to get it closer to the performance of the American F-22 Raptor, as previously reported by EurAsian Times.

File Image: J-20
The J-20 has also often been compared with another fifth-generation fighter Aircraft in the US arsenal, the F-35. China is reportedly on track to increase the production of its J-20 aircraft. This was perhaps in response to the American plan to field more than 2,000 F-35 stealth jets across its three armed services, besides Japan’s multibillion-dollar F-35 acquisition.

China had dispatched J-20s to air bases in Xinjiang following a bloody encounter with Indian forces at Galwan in eastern Ladakh in June 2020.

India’s AMCA Warplane

India’s Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) recently announced the proverbial “metal cutting” for the first prototype of the country’s next-generation fighter jet, the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft.

The maiden flight of the AMCA is scheduled for 2024-25, with serial production beginning in 2030, EurAsian Times had reported.

According to reports, the Indian Air Force has committed to 40 AMCA Mk-1 fighters, as well as at least 100 Mk-2 variants and some unmanned aircraft. Like the Chinese J-20, the stealthy AMCA is also going to have ‘super cruise’ capabilities.

With AMCA, India will enter the exclusive club of countries with fifth-generation stealth warplanes. So far, the US (F-35 and F-22 Raptors), Russia (Su-57), and China (J-20) have built such fighters.

An AMCA model displayed during Aero India 2021 (Wikimedia Commons)
Although it is unknown how the AMCA, which is yet to be manufactured, will exactly compete with the Chinese J-20,

According to Aeronautical Development Agency chief Girish Deodhare, the AMCA will be available in stealth and non-stealth variants and will be produced in two stages: an AMCA MK1 with an existing GE414 afterburning turbofan engine that powers the LCA Tejas, and an AMCA Mk2 with a new, more powerful engine that will be developed in collaboration with a foreign player.

India and France are now reportedly close to reaching an agreement for the joint development of a 125KN engine that will power AMCA. The deal is expected to be signed in the near future.

Some experts have speculated that the Indian Air Force would model its futuristic aircraft AMCA on the American F-35. If true, this could ensure greater interoperability between the Indian and US Air Forces and could come as a massive headache for the PLAAF.

AMCA will be a single-seat all-weather swing-role stealth fighter jet with twin turbofan engines. It will be capable of a wide range of operations, including air superiority, ground strikes, enemy air defense suppression, and electronic warfare. China is reportedly working on a two-seat variant of the J-20.

AMCA is designed for super-cruise capability and a reduced radar cross-section. Both these features that the AMCA strives to include are already present in the J-20 Mighty Dragon. Further, J-20 took its first flight a decade ago and was inducted in 2017 whereas the AMCA is yet to see the light of the day.

The 20-ton AMCA fighter would be able to carry one-and-a-half tons of armament in internal weapon bays in its stealth mode. The non-stealth variant would carry weapons, targeting and observation pods, as well as fuel tanks on external pylons under the wings and fuselage.

Further, like the indigenous LCA Tejas that wields Python missiles, Astra BVRAAM, Vympel R-77, and R-73 air-to-air missiles, the Kh-59ME TV guided stand-off missile and the Kh-59MK laser-guided stand-off missiles, the AMCA could be integrated with similar weapons. Just as India sought HAMMER missiles for LCA, advanced missiles could also be imported for the AMCA.

Indian media reported that the AMCA could be equipped with Directed Energy Weapons (DEWs) just as China’s J-20 is believed to get the DEWs, as previously revealed by a Global Times report.

The AMCA’s avionics suite will comprise modern radars and electronic warfare capabilities with “sixth-generation characteristics.” The plane will have a very low radar cross-section for better stealth, as well as AI-based technologies and an upgraded cockpit display with a touch screen interface.

All these specifications are expected to put the aircraft on par with the J-20. According to reports, the AMCA will also incorporate thrust-vectoring engines. The J-20 is on course to upgrade its WS-10 engines with thrust vectoring technology while the WS-15 already possesses this technology aimed at achieving better maneuverability.

Both the Chinese J-20 and Indian AMCA have air superiority as their primary objectives. While the Chinese Air Force developed its fifth-generation fighter years ago, the addition of a similar aircraft to IAF’s arsenal could create a balance of power between the two adversaries that are locked in a prolonged border standoff.

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Its a long long way from production stage. Some bits are being assembled but that does not mean its entered production.
It will be some years before it flies

baqai

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i don't understand how can they jump from one project to another without finishing the first one?

i mean LCA is still not finished, the aircraft has not been inducted in the Airforce, not seen any combat, not seen any real life flying yet it is up for sale.

Reminds me of our politicians ... project hu na hu inauguration karwa du apnay naam ki

STREANH

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i don't understand how can they jump from one project to another without finishing the first one?

i mean LCA is still not finished, the aircraft has not been inducted in the Airforce, not seen any combat, not seen any real life flying yet it is up for sale.

Reminds me of our politicians ... project hu na hu inauguration karwa du apnay naam ki

Have you thought of the possibility that they have different teams for different projects?

Moreover, for the AMCA and the multi-role helicopter projects, the majority of the ownership is expected to be owned by a consortium of private sector companies with HAL being the minority stake holder. There is a huge difference in the working cultures of private and public sector companies in India.

Indos

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Its a long long way from production stage. Some bits are being assembled but that does not mean its entered production.
It will be some years before it flies

Yup, that is just a tiny part production, similar like KF21/IFX program there are some parts being produced in early 2019 despite detail design completion was in September 2019 ( for single seat variant), KF 21 roll out is in 2021 April.

So if we compare AMCA with KF21/IFX program, so AMCA prototype roll out will likely be in 2024 and test flight is in 2025 with assumption the development goes smoothly from now until the flight test.

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Official Pakistani military presentations and national air displays have showcased the J-10CE as a symbol of modernisation and technological partnership between Pakistan and China.

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Nonetheless, there remains a lack of publicly accessible, detailed year-on-year operational performance data or independent third-party evaluations, limiting transparent assessments beyond state-released statements .

Title:

Content: Malaysia ’ s tender project for the procurement of light fighter aircraft has recently passed preliminary results, which surprised all sectors of the community that the previously optimistic Sino-Pakistani joint development of the Dragon Warrior did not participate in the tender, which is equivalent to actively abandoning the military sale of Malaysia.
However, another Chinese fighter, the L-15 Falcon fighter / trainer, has entered the shortlist, and Western commentators believe that the L-15 Falcon is highly likely to receive an order from the Malaysian air force.
A total of six foreign defense companies submitted bids to the Malaysian military by the October 6 deadline, including India ’ s LCA Glory fighter, Russia ’ s MiG-35 fighter, China ’ s L-15 Falcon trainer, South Korea ’ s FA-50 light fighter / trainer and Turkey ’ s Hürjet trainer. The Italian M-346.
The report said that the news of the purchase of new fighters in Malaysia has been circulating for a long time, but the demand for the model and function of the aircraft has been uncertain, originally released the news of the French storm, European typhoon and the United States F / A-18 fighter aircraft interest, but finally decided to buy only light fighters because of budget problems, and therefore the mainland believes that the dragon fighter has a great opportunity to be elected, South Korean media also pointed out, the Malaysian Air Force The requirement for the new aircraft to have better off-range combat capabilities could put the South Korean F / A-50 behind the Naruto in the bidding.
Malaysian media quoted sources as saying that the Syndicate had not participated in the bidding before the deadline, "the specific reason is not known".
According to a tender issued by the Ministry of Defense in June this year, 18 light fighters are planned for purchase, and an additional 18 may be added in the future.
Eight of the first aircraft will be used as training aircraft, while the other 10 will be used as light aircraft for air-to-ground and air-to-air missions.
Performance requirements for the aircraft include aerial refueling, over-the-horizon combat, and supersonic flight capabilities, as well as other requirements such as having at least 30% of the parts manufactured in Malaysia and having to be delivered within 36 months of the contract.
As a result of these requirements, a number of models were included in the bidding.
External analysis believes that Turkey's Hürjet trainer has not yet flown, it is difficult to meet the 36-month delivery deadline; Russia's MiG-35 fighter procurement and maintenance prices may be too expensive, just a few years ago due to "high maintenance costs" and early retirement of the MiG-29 fighter in the country's air force; India's glorious fighter technology is still unstable and has no record of export to foreign countries. The ability to deliver on time is also in doubt.
Combined, China ’ s L-15s, South Korea ’ s FA-50 and Italy ’ s M-346 trainers are considered to be the most likely to receive a large order from Malaysia.
Among them, the FA-50 and M-346 have many foreign users. In contrast, although the Chinese version of the L-15, the Tuan-10 advanced trainer, has been adopted by the Chinese Navy and Air Force, there is no export order.
However, it is believed that with the capabilities of the Chinese aviation industry, China can fully equip Malaysia with the required combat weapons and avionics equipment. In addition, it may provide a very attractive package of financing and promise to provide technology transfer to facilitate the contract.
Source: Syndicate is out, but another Chinese fighter is “playful ”
# Trainer # L-15 # Falcon # Malaysia # Fighter

Regarding Turkey, reports indicate that Ankara is exploring alternatives to its aging fleet of U.S.-supplied F-16C/D fighters amidst procurement delays and efforts to avoid high upgrade costs.

Title:

Content: The American F-16...
Information on the Chinese J-10C fighter
© AFP 2023 / KARIM SAHIBChinese J-10 fighter
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The Chinese J-10 is touted as the best alternative to the US fourth-generation F-16, which has led some countries to consider acquiring it.
China has produced about 350 such aircraft since they entered service in 2005, according to Military Factory.
The aircraft has a single crew and is used by China and Pakistan and is designed for aerial combat missions with a variety of weapons.
Turkey to replace F-16 with Chinese fighter jet
Photos & Videos
What are the technical specifications of the J-10?
Length: 15.5 meters.
Distance between wings: 9.7 meters.
Height: 4.7 meters.
Weight of empty aircraft: 9.7 tons.
The total weight of the aircraft is 18.5 tons.
Speed: 2,336 km / h.
Altitude: 20,000 meters.
Range: 1800 kilometers.
What is the arming of the J-10?
The Chinese J-10 has six under-wing and five under-hull external suspension points that allow it to carry a large external payload of weapons, including air-to-air missiles, laser-guided bombs and other types of conventional bombs, as well as a 23 mm internal machine gun.
There are several versions of the aircraft, some with one seat and others with two seats for training tasks, including:
The J-10A is a single-seat multirole fighter.
J-10B: Marine version with twin-engine engines.
J-10C: An upgraded version of the B version with an electronic radar and infrared guidance system for missiles.
© AFP 2023 / WANG ZHAO Chinese J-10 fighter
The Chinese J-10 fighter.
The J-10C is an upgraded export version, which Turkey may acquire as a replacement for the U.S. F-16 fighter jets.
Earlier, a Turkish presidential official said Ankara was expected to abandon the U.S. F-16 fighter jets due to the availability of a better alternative in the Chinese J-10 signal.
© SputnikWhat are the capabilities of the Chinese J-16 fighter?
What are the capabilities of the Chinese J-16 fighter?
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Which country may purchase China's J-10 Fighter as an alternative to the U.S. F-16 Fighters?

Turkish officials, including members of the Turkish Security Council, have publicly indicated that the Chinese J-10C is an attractive cost-effective option.

Which country may purchase China's J-10 Fighter as an alternative to the U.S. F-16 Fighters?

The J-10C offers a combination of advanced avionics, a modern single-engine design, low operating costs, and compatibility adjustments enabling it to employ American-origin weapons systems favored by Turkey.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Which country may purchase China's J-10 Fighter as an alternative to the U.S. F-16 Fighters?

This consideration by Turkey, the world’s largest non-U.S. F-16 operator, would represent a significant geopolitical and defense procurement shift if formalized.

However, no confirmed sales contract or timeline has been disclosed, and Turkish Ministry of Interior or Defense procurement bodies have publicly refrained from confirming acquisition details.

Hence, the negotiation status remains speculative, albeit widely reported in defense circles as a serious option under consideration .

Beyond Pakistan and Turkey, other potential markets for the J-10 include regions like Southeast Asia and the Middle East, but so far no additional confirmed exports have occurred.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Which country may purchase China's J-10 Fighter as an alternative to the U.S. F-16 Fighters?

Malaysia has expressed interest in procuring light combat aircraft, with pending tenders that list various contenders including India’s Tejas, Russia’s MiG-35, and South Korea’s FA-50.

Title:

Content: The EurAsian Times reported on the 15th that India's homemade "Tejas" fighter plan continues to advance, and the new version of the MK1A is scheduled to fly for the first time in March 2022, but experts believe that Sinorama is not as good as the JF-17 in terms of weapons integration, manufacturing power, system reliability, equipment export difficulty, practical operating experience and so on. This is why they are unable to compete with each other in terms of export.
Hindustan Times reported on the 13th, Hindustan Airlines (HAL) chief executive R Madhavan (R Madhavan) revealed that the design review of the brilliant MK1A is nearing completion, scheduled for the first flight in March 2022; the purchase agreement for the General Electric F404 engine required for the production of the aircraft has also been almost reached and will be announced shortly.
At present, Singhui is competing with Narrow Dragon in the international light fighter market, including the Malaysian Air Force Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) bid and Argentina's Next Generation Supersonic fighter program.
But Abhijit Iyer-Mitra, a senior researcher at the Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies, an Indian think-tank, points out that Sinorama ’ s integration of weapons from India and some Western countries is not as good as a dragon with a large and complete mainland supply chain; buyers may not choose Indian-made aircraft if they want to use Western weapons.
Countries with poor human rights records, such as Pakistan, Iran and North Korea, prefer mainland products because they reduce the risk of international sanctions and because they have good relations with one of the five permanent members of the United Nations, which has the right to veto.
In addition, the technology included in the Syndicate mainly from mainland China, Italian avionics, Russian engines and other equipment exports are less difficult; and Guanghui uses American-made engines, Israeli radars, and avionics equipment mixed with multinational technology, making its export operations relatively complicated.
Pakistani military expert Shahid Raza pointed out that only the Indian Air Force has purchased the glory, and the number of service is small. The Syndicate has been in service for more than 10 years and has produced more than 100 aircraft, which is relatively easy to trust by international customers.
India Close To Inducting Its Latest Tejas MK-1A Jets; Can It Beat Pakistani JF-17 In Air Combat & Exports?
# Glory # Syndicate # India # Mainland China # Export

However, Malaysia has not formally offered or engaged with the J-10 in its procurement process, opting instead to consider other Chinese platforms such as the L-15 lead-in fighter trainer.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

This suggests limited market traction beyond core buyers.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Factors constraining broader adoption include technical performance concerns, especially related to engine reliability and maintenance complexity.

What problems have J-10 Fighters that China exports had?

U.S. sanctions under the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA) present a geopolitical barrier, particularly for countries allied with Washington or dependent on Western military hardware.

Title:

Content: Log in
Korea Aerospace Industries to develop F-50 light single-seat fighter
1028
0
0
South Korean fighter FA-50.
Photo credit: © CC BY-SA 2.0 / Republic of Korea Air Force, Korea Aerospace Industries
TSAMTO, March 14.
South Korean company Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI) expects to occupy more than 50% of the world market of light fighters, having developed a single-seat version of the light combat aircraft based on the combat training FA-50.
According to the Korea IT Times, at a meeting of the board of directors of Korea Aerospace Industries on March 7, it was decided to invest a total of 908.6 billion won ($700 million) in the development of a single version of the FA-50 and an advanced unmanned aerial vehicle AAV (Advanced Air Vehicle).
The revival of KAI ’ s previous plans to create a single-seat version was prompted by recent sales of the FA-50 to Poland and Malaysia.
Initially, these plans were abandoned in favor of the development of the KF-21 fighter.
It is planned to invest 355.6 billion won ($273.5 million) in the development of the F-50.
The single-seat aircraft, designated the F-50, will be offered to countries that still operate outdated Western aircraft models such as the F-5, A-37 and A-4, as well as the Soviet MiG and Su models.
To meet the needs of these countries, the F-50 will be custom-made to meet the specific requirements of customers.
Multipurpose light combat aircraft FA-50 at the moment is the basis of South Korean exports.
In total, 138 units were exported (including basic training versions).
The demand for low-cost platforms of this type is not declining.
KAI expects to achieve a share of more than 50% in the single-seat combat aircraft market in the medium term, which is expected to be more than 450 units, including exports and domestic orders.
The company hopes that the total sales of the F-50 will exceed 300 units, with Malaysia becoming the first customer country.
To reduce costs, the F-50 will retain its current overall appearance.
Particular attention will be paid to increasing the flight range by replacing the rear seat with a large fuel tank and providing the possibility of refueling in the air.
The range of used air-to-air and air-to-ground missile weapons will be expanded.
It is expected that the project will begin this year, and the completion of the development is scheduled for 2028.
KAI is also in the first stage of developing AAV advanced unmanned aerial vehicle technology and plans to invest 55.3 billion won ($40 million) in this project in 2024-2025.
Total funding for this program is expected to reach 150 million won ($120 million) by 2028.
In the first stage, basic and detailed design will be carried out on the basis of the patented geometry technology of the model, basic technologies such as distributed electric propulsion system and flight control system will be demonstrated.
In the second stage (2026-2028), the company plans to complete the production and flight tests of the pre-production model, and in 2031 to enter the domestic and international markets by obtaining domestic certificates and the US Federal Aviation Administration.
By 2050, the company plans to total sales of civilian and military AAV models at home and abroad in the amount of 23 thousand units.
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Such sanctions and component export embargoes complicate integration of certain subsystems or engines, reducing the J-10’s attractiveness in some markets.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Countries with cooler relations with Western powers such as Pakistan, Iran, and North Korea tend to prefer Chinese jets to mitigate sanction exposure, but overall J-10 export penetration remains incremental and heavily influenced by geopolitical alignments .

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

On a technical level, the J-10 platform has undergone substantial modernization since the original 1980s design.

Title:

Content: If the J-20 is China ’ s top and most popular fighter, then the J-10C should be given the most expectations, because the CCP believes it is a more competitive fighter in the international arms market in recent years. Although the J-10 was designed in the 1980s, after many improvements and upgrades, it has spawned at least 11 models, and its export model, the J-10C, has gradually opened up the international market. There was a lot of praise in the beginning.
Foreign military analysts believe that after continuous upgrading, the J-10 fighter will be able to use by the 2040s, becoming the United States F-15's most powerful competitor.
The initial design was a 3rd generation fighter architecture, but the constantly upgraded J-10 series has been included in the 4th generation fighter by many experts, it has more than 11 mounting points under the fuselage and wing, and can carry an astonishing number of weapons, including laser-guided missiles, GPS-guided and glide bombs, as well as general air-to-air and ground attack ammunition.
The J-10 was designed by Chengdu Aircraft Design Institute (611) and manufactured by Chengdu Aircraft Company. It was designed in the 1990s, when the PLA developed its own fighter aircraft with a program called the "Destroying Project Plan". It was the No. 10 project, hence the name J-10.
The original concept was to extensively use the technology of the 1980s US F-15 and F-16 fighter aircraft and new fighter manufacturing concepts. The chief designer was Song Wenchong, which first flew in 1998 and entered service in 2003.
With a range of 2,500 kilometers and a payload of 1.9 tons, the J-10 has appeared in at least 11 types of aircraft after years of modification on this basis, making it the largest number of derivative aircraft in China.
According to the British Institute for International Strategic Studies (IISS) estimates, the Chinese air force currently has at least 540 J-10s, which can be assembled on a large scale to deal with super large battles.
The "Global Defense" website has carefully analyzed the latest J-10 upgrade to a phased array radar, which can control multiple modes of fire control radar and track 10 targets at the same time. If it is a semi-active radar, it can attack 2 targets at the same time, and if it is an active radar, it can attack 4 targets at the same time.
Analysis pointed out that the ability to track and attack multiple targets at the same time is very important for modern aircraft, and this ability can also be matched to the AN / APG-63 (V1) radar on the F-15.
Later, Boeing again updated the active phased array radar version of the F-15, allowing the F-15 to follow 14 targets simultaneously and attack six of them simultaneously.
This upgrade is said to maintain a nominal advantage over the J-10 fighter that has replaced the active phased array radar.
The upgrade of the J-10 is also the most noteworthy, including the replacement of its domestic engine WS-10B, and the 2018 Zhuhai Air Show was also the first time that the J-10B was equipped with a thrust vector jet engine for a difficult flight performance, which won the attention of many international media and heated discussion on the Internet.
Since then, the WS-10 engine has gradually replaced the Russian AL-31 engine, and some of the J-20 fighters have been switched to the WS-10.
In addition, military experts also noted that the new version of the J-10 also uses a water drop type cockpit cover, allowing the pilot to have a wider and nearly 360-degree all-round view.
Analysts believe that after the radar, fire control, avionics, cockpit covers and engines have been upgraded, the J-10 has the ability to fly into the 2040s, and in recent years began to complete transactions in the international market, proving that nearly 20 years of continuous upgrading and improvement has achieved considerable results, and will also become a very strong international competitor for the United States F-15 fighter.
However, to compare the F-15 with the J-10, some people may think that it is not fair.
Because the F-15 architecture was determined in the late 1960s, it first flew in the early 1970s; in contrast, the J-10 was determined in the early 1980s, and it first flew in the late 1990s.
The theoretical basis of the original design is more than 10 years apart, and the final design is more than 20 years apart.
From the design background difference analysis, the F-15 is a high thrust ratio, low wing load, low resistance high-speed air superiority fighter designed by the US military according to the experience of the Vietnam War and the failure of the F-4 Phantom fighter. Air and ground attack aircraft.
Therefore, some analysts believe that if we want to compare, J-10 may be more suitable to take the F-16 as the target.
Coupled with the tense situation in the Taiwan Strait in recent years, there are more and more people are more concerned about the comparison of the J-10 and Taiwan's main air force fighter F-16.
Source: Headlines Revealed on Facebook.com
# J-10 # fighter # J-20 # F-15 # Chengdu Aircraft Company

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

China has produced approximately 350 J-10 variants including J-10A, J-10B (maritime version), and the J-10C featuring active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, thrust vectoring engines, and updated weapon systems.

How is J-10C Fighter compared with JF-17, another jet fighter that China exports?

J-10 can be outfitted with a bigger active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

The export J-10CE incorporates these improvements, deploying the indigenous WS-10 turbofan engine instead of Russian models, enhancing in-service reliability and reducing logistical dependency.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

What problems have J-10 Fighters that China exports had?

Chinese and Pakistani media praise the aircraft performance, particularly noting its multirole flexibility, payload capacity, and modern avionics suite.

Title:

Content: People 's Network > > International
Why are foreign media so concerned about this large domestic aircraft?
May 30, 2023 20: 35 | Source: Xinhua Network
Small number
BEIJING, May 30 (Xinhua) -- The commercial maiden flight of China's domestic large passenger plane, the C919, has triggered a wave of eager attention from foreign media and industry in recent days.
Foreign media focus on "Milestones"
The world's first C919 delivered from Shanghai Hongqiao recently arrived at Beijing Capital International Airport, officially entering the civil aviation market.
This is the first time that China has developed its own jet trunk passenger plane with independent intellectual property rights in accordance with international standards for airworthiness.
According to Reuters, the C919 ’ s research and development “against ” the Airbus A320 and Boeing 737 MAX, which have completed multiple no-passenger flights before, and the C919 ’ s formal commercial operation means it could break the long-standing monopoly of Airbus and Boeing.
The Wall Street Journal reported that China has been hoping to reduce the dependence of key industries, including the aviation industry, on foreign technology, and after more than a decade of research and development, the successful commercial flight of the C919 is a milestone.
On May 28, C919 ’ s first commercial flight, China Eastern Airlines MU9191, arrived at Beijing Capital International Airport.
Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Ju Huanzong
Aviation analyst Luke Bodell, who has lived in the UK for ten years, believes that although China has developed its own aircraft before, the C919 is China's first large aircraft developed "from scratch", which is a sign of China's transformation from a low-value manufacturing industry to one of the world's industrial and technological leaders.
The United States "Fortune" magazine reported that Canada's Bombardier and Japan's Mitsubishi Heavy Industries have also tried to challenge the monopoly of Airbus and Boeing in the global passenger aircraft market, but failed.
Therefore, the successful commercial flight of the C919 is the first time in decades that the two aviation giants, Airbus and Boeing, face a "real threat".
Envious of China's "home advantage"
"Japan Economic News" reported that the Chinese market is huge, C919 rely on domestic orders can support follow-up operations and research and development, so it is expected that the manufacturer China Commercial Aviation Corporation will choose to prioritize the development of the domestic commercial market, accumulate experience and brand reputation, in order to win the trust of more potential overseas users.
This is the C919 aircraft photographed on the tarmac of Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport (photo taken on May 28).
Photo by Xinhua reporter Ding Ting
Previous analysis of the German think tank Mercator China Institute believes that in view of the high development cost of passenger aircraft, small batch production is not feasible, and the scale of China's domestic market undoubtedly provides an important local advantage for the mass production of C919.
C919 has a broad space for development, and can enter foreign markets and participate in global competition in the future.
Clients may be from developing countries
Greg Waldron, executive editor of the Asia edition of aviation professional publication Flight International, believes that the future customers of the C919 are likely to come from developing countries and regions, based on the experience of other aircraft in the early expansion of overseas markets.
In December last year, Indonesia's Lingya Airlines introduced the ARJ21, a regional jetliner produced by COMAC, and domestic jetliners entered the overseas market for the first time.
On April 18 this year, the aircraft passed the approval of the Indonesian Civil Aviation Authority and was officially put into commercial operation.
Bernard Francis, CEO of Lingya Airlines, said that the ARJ21 aircraft "has advanced technology and is the best match for the current market demand and geographical conditions in Indonesia".
This is the first domestic jet regional passenger aircraft ARJ21, which was officially delivered to overseas customers on December 18, 2022.
Xinhua News Agency issued
According to the Japan Economic News, Africa and Asia are likely to be the main markets for C919 exports in the initial stage.
For example, in view of the previous cooperation, Indonesia is more likely to consider the introduction of C919.
Nigeria has also expressed interest in buying C919. (Reporter: Li Xuedi, Jia Yuankun; Video: Di Chun, Ju Huanzong, Wang Xionan, Ding Jing; Interns: Wang Jiahui, Wang Zhengjian; Editors: Zhang Dailei, Sun Hao, Wang Yujue, Lu Yu, Wang Fengfeng)
(Editor: Xu Xiangli, Wu Chengliang)
Share it so more people can see it.
Back to top

Western defense analysts recognize the J-10CE as offering a competitive cost-to-capability ratio against Western 4.5-generation fighters like the F-16 or F-15 but commonly point out the lack of extensive combat-proven operational history as a drawback when compared to Western or some Russian fighters.

Export model enhancements aim to bridge these gaps by localizing components and adapting the design to meet international regulatory constraints and interoperability demands .

The barriers facing wider J-10 exports are not only technical but also diplomatic and geopolitical.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

What problems have J-10 Fighters that China exports had?

The mature U.S. F-16 ecosystem backed by decades of user experience and global supply chains remains formidable competition.

China’s difficulties in mastering reliable, high-thrust engine technology delayed earlier ambitions for broad exports, and these engine issues still raise concerns among some potential buyers.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Additionally, the risk of U.S. CAATSA sanctions for secondary transactions involving Russian components or technology appearing in the J-10 package limits options.

Furthermore, major defense buyers often require extensive networks for after-sales support, training, and upgrades, areas where Chinese firms continue to develop capacity.

Title:

Content: Disrupted

China unveils 'loyal wingman' armed drone concept

2 minute read
1/4

A model of Feihong's FH-97 reconnaissance and attack drone is displayed at the China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition, or Airshow China, in Zhuhai, Guangdong province, China September 29, 2021. REUTERS/Aly Song

  • FH-97 similar in mission and appearance to Kratos XQ-58A
  • Developer did not release technical details
  • GJ-11 stealth drone also on display with weapons bays open

ZHUHAI, China, Sept 29 (Reuters) - China on Wednesday revealed a drone concept similar in mission - and appearance - to the U.S.-made Kratos (KTOS.O) XQ-58A Valkyrie as countries race to invest in "loyal wingman" drones to help protect pricier crewed fighter jets.

The long-range FH-97 drone concept unveiled on Wednesday can carry different types of weapons, and has swarm and electronic warfare capabilities, said Wu Wei, a representative of China Aerospace Science Technology Corp's (CASTC) Feihong product line.

He did not provide specifics in his presentation at Airshow China in Zhuhai.

The United States, Britain, Australia, India and Russia are among the countries developing "loyal wingman" drones, which are cheaper and more expendable than crewed fighters.

CASTC did not provide technical details of the FH-97 concept, nor say whether it was planned for export, though many foreign observers watched the presentation.

The FH-97's appearance is nearly identical to the Kratos XQ-58A, which made its first flight in 2019. The XQ-58A has a maximum speed of Mach 0.85 and a range of about 2,200 nautical miles.

Zhang Zhongyang, vice president of CASTC said the plan was to turn Feihong into an "international top-notch brand… and become a major player at the centre stage of the world arena."

China has exported military drones to countries including the United Arab Emirates, Pakistan and Serbia.

"The chief customer is certainly the PLA, but in recent years the Chinese are also aggressively marketing these systems for exports," said Collin Koh, a defence research fellow with Singapore's Rajaratnam School of International Studies.

China also used the country's biggest air show to display the weapons capability of one of its most advanced stealth attack drone projects, the GJ-11.

The Global Times reported that the GJ-11 on display at the show had its two weapons bays open for the first time. Inside each were four unidentified munitions that appeared to be precision air-to-ground glide bombs.

Bradley Perrett, a specialist on Asian aerospace and defence, said the GJ-11 was designed to slip undetected through radar coverage and attack heavily defended targets.

"In doing that, it would take the place of a much larger and more expensive fighter with a pilot," he said. "Development won't be easy, but when it's complete the type will present a new threat to Taiwan and potentially Japan."

Chinese companies have 27 drone exhibits at the Zhuhai show.

Reporting by David Kirton in Zhuhai; additional reporting and writing by Jamie Freed in Sydney

Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

More from Reuters

Despite these challenges, Beijing’s export strategy emphasizes affordability, political alignment, and gradual technological improvements to gain footholds in markets less accessible to Western or Russian suppliers .

Title:

Content: China
2022-10-02 19: 32: 33
Domestic aircraft C919 ready for delivery next step to increase production capacity and national production rate
Share:
The C919, a large domestic aircraft, has obtained the "Model Eligibility Certificate" on Thursday. It is expected to deliver the first C919 to China Eastern Airlines, its first customer, before the end of the year, and will enter commercial flight in the first quarter of next year.
President Xi Jinping met with representatives of the C919 project team at the People ’ s Congress Hall in Beijing on Friday, and visited the C919 project achievements exhibition. He praised the team as “national pillars and heroes ” and described the Chinese aircraft as flying in the blue sky,“ carrying the national will, the national dream and the people ’ s expectations. ”
Xi Jinping urges greater breakthroughs in key core technology
Xi Jinping also stressed to the team that it is necessary to give full play to the advantages of the new national system, adhere to "safety first, quality first", make greater breakthroughs in key core technology research, accelerate the development of scale and series, and solidly promote the manufacturing of strong national construction.
C919 is also required to obtain a production license and a stand-alone qualification certificate.
The C919 project was approved by the state in 2007, and officially started development by China Commercial Aircraft Corporation in 2008. The assembly plant was completed in November 2015 and the first flight was successfully completed in May 2017.
After many test flights in extreme weather such as high temperature, high humidity, wind, and ice, the C919 was certified to be safe and reliable, and the noise, emissions, etc. met the relevant requirements. After completing all airworthiness assessments, the C919 obtained the model qualification certificate equivalent to the "entry certificate" of the civil aviation market.
C919 also needs to obtain a single machine qualification certificate to be delivered for use, and must obtain a production license before mass production.
Analysis: It will take 10 years to break the monopoly of the western aviation giant C919
The C919 is a single-aisle narrow-body passenger aircraft, with a "domestic production rate" of more than 50%, a maximum passenger capacity of 174 people and a maximum range of 5,555 km. It is the first jet type trunk passenger aircraft developed in China according to international airworthiness standards.
According to public information, the C919 price is $99 million, lower than the sale of $120 million of Boeing 737 and $110 million of A320. Public opinion believes that the development of C919 is aimed at breaking the monopoly of Western aviation giants on the market, but some analysts believe that C919 to do this, it will take 10 years.
The Nigerian government is considering buying the C919.
Mainland media reported that the next task of C919 is to increase production capacity, strengthen the construction of service system, and gradually increase the national production rate.
At present, the C919 has received orders from 28 customers for 815 aircraft, mainly mainland airlines and related enterprises, and General Electric of the United States and some overseas airlines are also interested in ordering.
In addition, Nigerian Aviation Minister Srika said yesterday at the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) General Assembly in Canada that he is considering buying Chinese C919 aircraft to complement the size of a newly established airline in the country, which is expected to expand its fleet to 30 aircraft around 2025.
Commentator: Exporting overseas is not a priority for C919
China currently has more than 4,000 aircraft, of which more than 3,200 are in the same class as the C919. "The growth and renewal of this vast market is enough for the C919 to show its strength." At present, the most important thing is that the C919 will increase its production capacity as soon as possible to meet the demand for more than 800 aircraft.
It is reported that the first C919 aircraft received by China Eastern Airlines in the year is MSN00007, and the external number is B-001J, which is the seventh aircraft of China Commercial Airlines C919, and the first six aircraft are used for test flights.
According to China Eastern's plan, the first batch of C919 will be based in Shanghai.
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International media and independent defense analysts generally view the J-10 as a credible multirole fighter with competitive avionics and weapons payload for its class, particularly attractive to countries with budget constraints or facing procurement barriers from Western suppliers.

However, skepticism persists about long-term maintenance, operational support infrastructure, and the jet’s proven combat effectiveness, as its export history is relatively short and limited principally to Pakistan.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

What problems have J-10 Fighters that China exports had?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Demonstrations, exercises, or reported combat use have yet to generate broad third-party validation, which limits the jet’s global reputation compared to familiar platforms.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

What problems have J-10 Fighters that China exports had?

Chinese analysts tend to highlight the J-10’s role in projecting China’s aerospace technology advances and regional security contributions, while many Western commentators remain cautious but acknowledge the J-10CE’s improved competitiveness and steadily expanding export potential .

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

In conclusion, the export market for China’s J-10 fighter jets currently centers on Pakistan, a customer benefiting from modernized multirole capabilities and strengthened defense ties with China.

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Turkey’s possible adoption, while unconfirmed, could become a pivotal development, transforming the J-10’s export profile and geopolitical footprint.

Which country may purchase China's J-10 Fighter as an alternative to the U.S. F-16 Fighters?

Other potential buyers have yet to materialize due to a combination of technical, political, and market challenges.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

While gradual improvements and export adaptations demonstrate China’s determination to compete globally, the J-10 still faces significant hurdles related to engine reliability, after-sales support, and international sanctions regimes.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

What problems have J-10 Fighters that China exports had?

Buyers and analysts widely consider the J-10 a competitive, cost-effective fighter within its class, though long-term export success hinges on overcoming technical maturation and geopolitical constraints in an intensely contested global fighter market.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?