This report explores the practical benefits and considerations of installing indoor vertical gardens or green walls to enhance home aesthetics, comfort, health, and sustainability.

Introduction and Overview: Indoor green walls are innovative vertical installations of plants that maximize greenery in limited interior spaces.

They are increasingly incorporated into home design for their environmental and psychological advantages.

Air Purification and Environmental Health Benefits: Green walls significantly improve indoor air quality by absorbing harmful toxins such as benzene, formaldehyde, and xylene, while increasing humidity and releasing natural fragrances that enhance wellbeing.

Research shows vertical clean air green walls can reduce nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter, and ozone concentrations indoors by notable percentages.

For example, a study documented a temperature reduction of about 1.8°C indoors alongside improved air purity without electrical energy usage.

Succulents like snake plants and peace lilies are especially effective air purifiers and suitable for indoor conditions due to their robustness and minimal care demands .

Temperature Regulation and Energy Savings: Vertical gardens contribute to natural temperature moderation by shading walls and adding a layer of insulation.

This reduces heat buildup indoors, decreasing energy consumption from air conditioning.

Studies have measured temperature drops reaching nearly 1.8°C in rooms with green walls, which translates to meaningful energy savings and increased thermal comfort, making vertical gardens an eco-friendly cooling strategy .

Mental Health and Wellbeing:

The presence of green walls fosters calm, reduces stress, and elevates mood.

Indoor gardening has been linked to lower blood pressure and faster recovery rates in healthcare settings.

During the COVID-19 lockdowns, many people adopted indoor plant care as a coping mechanism, reporting decreases in anxiety and depression.

This report explores the practical benefits and considerations of installing indoor vertical gardens or green walls to enhance home aesthetics, comfort, health, and sustainability.

Title:

Content: 6 Easy Ways to Build an Indoor Garden
CHITING CHANG – HOMIFY
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Indoor plants are not only beautiful, they bring natural greenery to your room, they also have the function of purifying toxins in the air.
If you don ’ t have a large garden or balcony space to grow flowers and plants, you can still work on creating a small garden indoors.
Today ’ s idea book will teach you 6 simple ways to build an indoor garden.
After reading these methods, you should no longer be able to use the space limit as an excuse!
1. Palm Trees
If you want to plant a tree indoors, you must choose plants that can survive in low light conditions.
An atmospheric, tropical palm tree is the perfect choice.
If you have concerns about the frequency of watering and the temperature in the room, ask a professional for more details.
2.
Glass bonsai
Terrarium Installations
The Urban Botanist
Easy to handle, small glass potted plants are ideal for small suites or work desks! You can choose large glass containers, such as old light bulbs, fish tanks, candy cans, etc., then put a small stone as the bottom, spread the moss, and then put the soil.
The next step is to put your plants in the soil and then spread the moss.
When finished, you can put on your favorite decorations again, so that the simple glass potted plant is finished.
3.
Fill the walls with plants.
Green walls can be the most natural decoration in the home, and can also remove toxins from the air and improve the quality of life.
Although the idea is simple, building a green wall can be a tricky task, and if you are not confident in your DIY skills, you can consult with homify experts.
4.
Hang the plants on the wall.
Hanging Vintage Garden Tap Planter
ELLA JAMES
If the above green wall is a bit too much, then you can choose to hang plants on the wall.
If you don ’ t like the general method, you can follow the above example and choose the potted plants made of water taps, so that your potted plants can also be used as decorations in your home.
5.
Kitchen Spices
The easiest way to create an indoor garden is to plant the herbs you need.
Put your favorite herbs in the kitchen, in addition to making the kitchen full of green surprises, you can also let the vanilla smell in the air.
6.
Make your living space green
We love the concept of an indoor garden!
Put a wooden table on the plant of the tree, it becomes a unique tree table.
When guests come to visit, do you have the feeling of playing chess and making tea in the old banyan tree?
More Inspiration for Interior Decoration: 17 Simple and Affordable Ways to Make Your Home Better
Do you need someone to help you design or build your home?
Find a professional now!
Find out more about home design!

Introduction and Overview: Indoor green walls are innovative vertical installations of plants that maximize greenery in limited interior spaces.

They are increasingly incorporated into home design for their environmental and psychological advantages.

Title:

Content: How to create a tropical garden?
Tatyana Vashchenko
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The garden in the tropical style has long been not only an exotic, but also a romantic place that can be found in many parts of the world.
It is able to effectively decorate the space at your home, as well as significantly increase the total value of the property.
If the climatic conditions of your region do not allow you to create a tropical garden under the open sky, then it can always be placed in your own greenhouse.
The main thing is to think about the layout in advance and choose the right plants.
Often, the desire to acquire a garden in a tropical style arises after a vacation in one of the hot countries, where palms, vines and other plants characteristic of this style were found everywhere.
They are able to conquer everyone at first sight with their grandeur and beauty.
That is why I want to bring a piece of solar memories to my garden, filling it with similar seedlings.
We will tell you about the features and main nuances of a tropical garden created in our latitudes.
Do your plants need shading?
Before you start planting selected plants, study the requirements for their content.
In addition to the optimal temperature and humidity, you should pay attention to how they carry direct sunlight.
If there are plants in the tropical garden that need shading, then it should be created before planting such seedlings in the ground.
Best of all, the shadow creates an artificial cover or tall trees, under which some species can protect themselves from the scorching sun.
In the second case, we recommend choosing plants with wide leaves and powerful branches that will create a dense shadow on a significant area under their crowns.
It can be palm trees, tipuans or carob trees.
Learn about the local climate
The first thing you need to do to implement the idea of   creating a tropical garden is to study the local climate.
Its main characteristics, such as average monthly temperatures, rainfall and wind patterns, will be the starting point in choosing plants for your garden.
Most tropical trees and bushes prefer a hot and even arid climate.
This is understandable, because the territory of their origin is the tropics and subtropics, where it is always warm.
Some species have already adapted to moderate temperatures, but negative readings of the thermometer will withstand only a few.
Of great importance is the regular watering of tropical plants.
Many neglect this, believing that water can harm the root system.
But it is worth remembering the traditional tropical downpours, which saturate the soil with a large amount of moisture.
It stores plants for the entire dry period.
If the climate of your region only partially meets the requirements described, then you can arrange a tropical garden in a greenhouse type building.
What kind of soil do you have?
KP Zhukovka 21 century
Land-proekt
In addition to the climate, careful assessment requires the soil at the site of the proposed garden.
It is the basis that has a tremendous impact on the appearance, growth rate and durability of tropical plants.
The ideal option is considered rich soils in which the natural balance of nutrients for the root system is observed.
If your site is located on sandy and clay soils, then they must be additionally fertilized.
It is better to do this with compost, mulch and other means to improve the soil, which must be applied at a distance of at least 15 cm deep.
If your site is located in the lowland part and water stagnates there, then this can serve as a factor in the deterioration of soil properties and lead to the death of plants or their frequent diseases.
The fact is that pathogenic microorganisms and mold fungi begin to develop in constantly moist soil, which absorb the lion ’ s share of useful substances, thereby depleting the soil.
Therefore, we recommend using such an agricultural method as weeding the top layer of soil after heavy precipitation.
Find out what plants are growing in your area.
Landscape design in Valerianovo
Aster Garden
In our temperate zone, tropical plants are exotic, not the norm.
They can be seen in botanical gardens, closed greenhouses or frequent houses, where special conditions are created for representatives of the named family.
When we hear something about the tropics, the first thing we imagine is luxurious palm trees.
Indeed, these plants are among the most common inhabitants of exotic gardens.
There are many different types of them, each of which is beautiful in its own way.
Some palm trees are quite resistant to short-term mild winters, if they are wrapped with insulating material.
At the seaside resorts of our country, you can see the trees of this species, which perfectly adapted to the climatic characteristics of the region.
As for other plants for a tropical garden, in our band, individual varieties of lianas, begonias and ficus take root well.
But to create a full-fledged and diverse green corner with an exotic character, we recommend building a separate room for it, in which it would be possible to regulate the temperature and humidity of the air.
Or plant thermophilic plants in flower pots, which are brought into the house with the onset of cold weather.
Plan the layout of your garden
Before starting work on the creation of a tropical garden, you need to plan everything properly.
In particular:
- where and what plants will be planted;
- routes and style of design paths for leisurely walks;
- lighting and garden decor;
- irrigation system.
These aspects have a significant impact not only on the aesthetic perception of the garden, but also on its productivity and growth rate.
To visualize what you would like to recreate, use special programs that are available to everyone on the Internet.
You can seek advice and help from professionals in the industry - landscape architects.
They will not only acquaint you with the rules of registration of the site in a tropical style, but also help with practical tips.
Recommendations for the design of the green zone you will find in the Book of ideas How to make a beautiful garden.
Place a cover or hedge of plants to protect the garden from strong winds
Depending on the climate, there may be strong and cold winds in your region.
They can cause significant harm to the plants of the tropical garden, not only breaking them, but also frostbite.
To prevent such troubles, you can build a special mechanical cover in the form of an elegant fence.
Such a fence looks very beautiful if it is made in the form of a hedge.
It harmoniously fits into the style of a tropical garden and at the same time reliably protects plants in windy weather.
Add decorations like Buddha and other inspirational Asian statues
Make the design of a tropical garden original and unique will help successful decor.
The easiest and most effective way is to use different statues.
With the style of the tropics, sculptures in the Asian style look perfect.
First of all, these are all kinds of designs with the image of the Buddha, as well as other Eastern symbols.
Such compositions will bring tranquility to the green area near the house and make the atmosphere of the garden positive.
You can beautifully decorate the garden with the help of ordinary stones of various sizes, colors and shapes.
These natural materials expressively shade the lush greenery of plants and harmonize with the environment.
Learn how to care
In order for the tropical garden you created to please you from year to year, you need to study the basic rules for caring for it.
In addition to regular routine procedures, such as inspecting plants, watering and loosening the soil, more serious measures should be taken twice a year.
Plants that require pruning should be brought into the desired form only in the spring, in order to minimally injure their branches and prevent death.
At the same time, the soil is fertilized, cleaned of foreign objects and dry leaves.
Autumn is the time to prepare the garden for winter.
Tropical plants are sheltered or brought into the room if they grow in pots.
Need help with a home project?
Contact us!
Find inspirational ideas for your home

Air Purification and Environmental Health Benefits: Green walls significantly improve indoor air quality by absorbing harmful toxins such as benzene, formaldehyde, and xylene, while increasing humidity and releasing natural fragrances that enhance wellbeing.

Research shows vertical clean air green walls can reduce nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter, and ozone concentrations indoors by notable percentages.

Title:

Content: In order to improve the environmental air quality and let children learn with peace of mind, the Taichung Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau has continued to build a clean air green wall in the school. This year, 12 schools in Jianping Elementary School, Juren Elementary School and Chongde Elementary School have received subsidies from the Environmental Protection Department.
According to the Environmental Protection Bureau, through the installation of clean air green walls, indoor air quality can be improved. At present, space such as classroom corridors and flower stands outside the daughter wall in Taichung City can be planted, which can achieve the benefits of dust retention, air pollution absorption and temperature regulation.
In order to strengthen the protection of the school environment for children, the Taichung City Environmental Protection Bureau expanded the subsidy for the construction of a clean air green wall on the campus, and the current subsidy amount to 1.76 million yuan, with an area of 358 square meters.
The Environmental Protection Bureau stressed that currently selected plants that can purify the air and do not need to spend too much money and time to maintain include the Dragon Tubeh, the Junzi and Wu Bamboo, the Turtle, the Cannonflower or the Honeysuckle.
How good is the effect of clean air green wall?
According to international research, vertical clean air green walls can reduce the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM10) by about 40% and 60%. In addition, green walls can also reduce the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in classrooms by about 10% and the concentration of ozone (O3) by about 30%.
Green wall is the most natural and energy efficient air purification facilities, no need to plug in electricity, self-circulation, to achieve the purpose of air purification, can be called the "most environmentally friendly air purifier".
Chen Hongyi, director of the Environmental Protection Bureau, said that in addition to blocking outdoor pollutants and improving indoor air, the air green wall can also adjust the temperature and drive energy conservation and carbon reduction. Next year, Taichung City is expected to expand the subsidy target, including community activity centers, public kindergartens and environmental night markets.
# Green Wall # Air # Cleanliness # Campus # Environment

For example, a study documented a temperature reduction of about 1.8°C indoors alongside improved air purity without electrical energy usage.

Title:

Content: 8 Essential Tools To Grow Weed At Home

This article was originally published on Goldleaf, and appears here with permission.

Did you know that in seventeen states and the District of Columbia you can grow your own cannabis for personal use?

Cool. But why would anyone want to grow their own cannabis? And isn’t it difficult? I wouldn’t even know how to get started...

Growing your own cannabis is certainly not everyone’s cup of tea. However, it does offer a number of benefits.

Some medical cannabis patients have compromised immune systems. Pesticides, fungicides, miticides, fertilizers, and other potentially hazardous substances are often used in the cultivation process, and not all states require transparency or incentivize caution in this regard. When you grow your own cannabis, you can choose to omit any substances that aren’t simpatico with your immune system.

Another benefit of cultivating cannabis for personal use is that you can save money. While there are startup costs that might be tough for those on a tight budget, you can break even if you stick with it for a harvest or two (or sometimes three). After that initial period, you can move much further into the black.

And it’s hard to argue with the fact that it’s just plain fun to grow cannabis!

Want to give it a go? Then you’re going to need some materials. We’ve prepared a list of eight of the most essential tools for home-growers to help you get started:

pH Pen

A pH pen is important for any grow style (soil, soilless, hydro) because having the right pH will allow your plants to uptake the proper nutrients. Too high or low a pH will result in a mess of deficiencies. While organic methods can be more forgiving, it is still best to pH your nutrients before feeding. A pH pen is reusable, inexpensive, and a tool you’ll use every day in your garden. Be sure to also get your pH up and pH down additives, as well as a bottle of electrode storage solution (to store and protect your pH pen).

LED Lighting

Most home-growers will be using lights. While there are many tried and true high-intensity discharge (HID) lighting options, these are much less efficient than the light-emitting diode (LED) options. These days, the technology has expanded to allow LEDs to reach—and in some cases exceed—the light spectrum put out by high-pressure sodium (HPS) and metal halide (MH) bulbs. Beyond using less electricity for similar output, they also give us much less heat, which does wonders for efficiency due to savings on cooling and air flow.

Smart Pots

Smart pots are a fabric-based potting option for container plants; they have been proven to be more effective than traditional pots. Smart pots allow more airflow among the root system and result in healthier roots and greater rates of growth. They are also reusable, washable, inexpensive, and sustainably made.

Shielding Sunglasses

No matter what kind of light you have in your garden, if it works for plants, it’s likely bad (i.e. damaging) for your eyes. Enter sunglasses for growers. These are designed to block infrared radiation (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) rays. Shielding sunglasses re-color your vision so that your grow looks “normal,” instead of a wash of orange or violet light, depending on your setup. This is an essential tool for any indoor grower.

Sticky Traps

This is probably the cheapest and least intrusive method for pest control. Even though you’re growing indoors, that doesn't mean you’ll be immune to bugs. In fact, they’re quite common. Adding some sticky traps around the base of your plant will catch many of the jumping and flying insects rather efficiently. The best part is they also act as an indicator that you do in fact have pests. Ideally, you'll place them in your grow medium and they will stay clean until the end of the grow. However, if you start to catch a few miscreants, you might need to take action with an integrated pest management (IPM) treatment.

Spray Pump

Foliar feeding is a great way to improve your crops. It’s also the most common method for giving your plants an IPM treatment. While a simple spray bottle might do, a pumped bottle will ensure an even covering of solution on your plants and save your hand from cramping after hundreds of squeezes. This bottle by SOLO is one of our favorites, although there are many out there that are similar. It has splash protection, a turnable nozzle to adjust the flow and size, and is built like a tank.

Heat Mat

An essential for sprouts and young plants, a good heat mat will ensure that they stay warm and healthy. Too much light at this stage can kill young plants (and that light is where they get a lot of their heat). Depending on your space, you may need a little more warmth where it counts. A heat mat will ensure that your soil temperature remains at the optimal level.

Dome

The companion to the heat mat, a dome tray is great for young plants when you want to keep the humidity up very high. Add a little water, put a heat map underneath, and you'll be just where you need to be (80-98% humidity). This is a great tool for seedlings or clones.

Read the original Article on Goldleaf.

Benzinga's Related Links:

4 Kits To Grow Cannabis At Home | Benzinga

Grow With Jane: An App For The Home Cannabis Grower | Benzinga

Más de Goldleaf en español en El Planteo

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Featuring live company presentations, insider panels, and unmatched access to networking, the Benzinga Cannabis Capital Conference is where cannabis executives and entrepreneurs meet.

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Succulents like snake plants and peace lilies are especially effective air purifiers and suitable for indoor conditions due to their robustness and minimal care demands .

Title:

Content:   • Home

Gardener at wit’s end over mysterious ‘white fuzz’ coating soil of indoor tree: ‘The plant has been dying’

“There’s no need to change the soil or repot as suggested.”

Photo Credit: iStock

Having a lush garden can be beautiful and relaxing, but sometimes caring for your plants is more complicated than it seems. One gardener took to Reddit to get help with a problem regarding their lemon tree.

In the subreddit r/gardening, one home gardener shared photos of “white fuzz” covering the soil of a beloved plant. In a comment on the post, they added some context.

“There has been a blooming white fuzz mold on the soil, and the plant has been dying — leaves have been drying up and falling off en mass,” the OP wrote, noting that they moved the lemon tree inside in December when they went on vacation.

“Whenever I have watered the mold has flourished. I’m not sure what to do short of dumping all the soil and repotting,” they continued.

While some houseplants can be more difficult to care for, the benefits of having greenery indoors are worth it. According to Time, houseplants can reduce stress and anxiety, increase happiness and productivity, and even speed up healing. One research paper found that simply looking at plants, gardens, and nature benefits patients in hospitals.

Having plants in your home can also help filter and purify the air. Some scientists have been trying to increase how effectively plants do this by making genetically modified versions called Neoplants

Thankfully, the helpful folks on r/gardening had some ideas for how to care for this particular plant.

“Simply spray h2o2 [hydrogen peroxide] to kill the mold, then just bottom water from now on. There’s no need to change the soil or repot as suggested,” one person recommended.

There was some debate in the comments about if the mold could be helpful or harmful, with one person suggesting: “Ask r/mycology to ID it. Some fungi are helpful to plants, while some are parasitic. They can help you there [to] figure out which type you have.”

There really are answers to everything on Reddit.

Join our free newsletter for easy tips to save more, waste less, and help yourself while helping the planet.

Temperature Regulation and Energy Savings: Vertical gardens contribute to natural temperature moderation by shading walls and adding a layer of insulation.

This reduces heat buildup indoors, decreasing energy consumption from air conditioning.

Studies have measured temperature drops reaching nearly 1.8°C in rooms with green walls, which translates to meaningful energy savings and increased thermal comfort, making vertical gardens an eco-friendly cooling strategy .

Mental Health and Wellbeing:

Title:

Content: Planting, Watering and Healing: Surprising Health Benefits of Indoor Plants

The grass isn't always greener. Since the early 80's, scientists have studied the biophilia hypothesis – that seeing plants is beneficial to our physical and mental health. With increased urbanization, exacerbated by lockdowns due to a global pandemic, it's becoming harder and harder to ‘go out and get some air.'

The indoor plant market, already spiking in 2019, continues to surge – expected to grow exponentially in the coming years.

A study released by Data Bridge Market Research estimates the indoor plant market will reach $26.23 billion by 2029. The physical and mental health benefits of succulents and other indoor houseplants are important factors.

Many people may be surprised to discover the lesser-known benefits of indoor gardens, but experienced horticulturalists and gardeners have been advocating for the expansion of home gardens for decades.

Stress and Anxiety Reduction

The addition of real or artificial indoor plants has become a standard practice in many offices, hospitals, schools, and other institutions. According to researchers, just seeing a living plant in the otherwise sterile hospital waiting room environment has been shown to reduce stress levels.

In another study, subjects were asked to repot a living plant or complete a computer-generated task. Those who handled the plants reported feeling more at ease and also experienced lower blood pressure. Participants who performed the computer-based task reported higher levels of anxiety and elevated blood pressure.

Maria Failla, Garden Expert and host of the Growing Joy with Plants podcast, shares, “When I was struggling with depression, it was helpful for me to keep plants indoors that helped me get out of my head and drop into the present. I'd see how many senses I could engage while taking 3 mindful breaths alongside my plants. Scented plants like herbs and geraniums are amazing for this. I love the rose-scented geranium for its romantic scent and the fuzzy leaves I could rub, pinch and take deep inhales with.”

Speed Up The Healing Process

A number of indoor houseplants, such as snake plants, orchids, and spider plants, have natural air purification qualities. Others improve a room’s humidity level or deliver a soothing fragrance. Microgreens also provide essential nutrients, making them ideal for patients in recovery.

Even seeing an indoor houseplant can improve a recovering patient’s mental and emotional state. One study concluded that installing indoor gardens in hospital rooms and public areas positively impacted overall recovery times and patient satisfaction.

Improve Mood During Isolation

The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent household quarantines created a spike in indoor plant sales as many consumers discovered the natural air purification benefits of succulents and other plant species. Indoor gardening also provided isolated households with an activity that could be performed safely while under quarantine.

A study conducted in Bulgaria concluded that participants who maintained a home garden or raised houseplants had fewer incidents of anxiety or depression during enforced lockdowns than others who did not invest in plants or other greenery.

Cassidy Tuttle, gardening expert and owner of Succulents and Sunshine, observes, “Succulents are great plants for people who have depression. They don't require as much work as other plants, so they can tolerate the ups and downs that frequently come with depression. They stay looking healthy even if they're not watered regularly. Haworthiopsis fasciata, Zebra Plant, is an especially good option for indoor plants because it doesn't require a lot of light or water.”

Best Entry-Level Houseplants For Starting Indoor Gardens

Annie Schreck, Research Director at Mountain Crest Gardens, offers some insights and recommendations for beginners. “At Mountain Crest Gardens, we hear back from customers all the time that filling their homes and offices with succulents brightens their mood every day. The studies I have seen in this realm indicate that having plants around can correlate with improved student performance in classrooms and reductions in stress and sick days in workplaces. I certainly hope more researchers investigate these complex human-plant interactions.

Schreck adds, “There’s something about having other living creatures in a room that makes it feel cozy and inviting. Caring for them and seeing them respond is just so rewarding. And the great thing is, everyone gets to explore which varieties lift their mood the most! If you’re not sure where to start, I’d recommend indoor succulents like Haworthia, Jade plants, and Gasteria.”

Snake Plants

Snake plants (Sansevieria trifasciata)—also known as mother-in-law’s tongue— are thick-leaved succulents prized for their resilience and tolerance for drought. They grow well under low-light conditions, which makes them ideal for indoor gardens and room decor.

One major health benefit of snake plants is natural air purification. This goes beyond the standard absorption of carbon dioxide, however. Snake plants also remove and filter toxic gases such as benzene, xylene, and formaldehyde. They are also said to reduce headaches, improve respiration, and reduce eye irritations.

Microgreens

Microgreens such as broccoli, cabbage, and kale offer a wide range of health benefits, and their compact size makes them ideal for indoor gardens, especially hydroponics. Microgreens and fresh herbs provide home gardeners with flavorful aromatics and salad ingredients.

Among the many health benefits associated with microgreens are blood sugar regulation, vision protection, body weight reduction, and protection from anemia. Growing microgreens is also a highly recommended activity for those recovering from substance abuse since the plants provide the nutrition many addicts lack.

Orchids

While some orchid varieties have earned a reputation for being a challenge to grow, there are many varieties that require only minimal to moderate care. Besides their exceptional qualities as flowering plants, orchids are also natural air purifiers and oxygen generators. As part of a floral arrangement or as individual blooms, orchids have been shown in studies to reduce stress and improve mood.

Orchids are also recommended for people with sleep issues since the plant’s significant oxygen generation and aesthetic qualities both help create more soothing conditions at bedtime and during overnight hours.

Spider Plants

Spider plants have become popular houseplants for first-time home gardeners because of their child and pet-friendliness, ease of propagation, and exceptional air-purifying qualities. Beginning gardeners only need a small cutting from an existing spider plant to start their own projects.

The trailing leaves of a spider plant make it ideal for hanging baskets, a popular growing technique for limited spaces. The plant also raises the room’s humidity level, which helps address respiratory issues triggered by dry air conditions.

Peperomia Plants

 Because of their ability to thrive in drafty, dark, and humid locations in the home, peperomia plants are often referred to as “radiator plants”.  Peperomia plants are succulents, which means they are naturally resilient to abuse and require minimal maintenance.

Tinctures and other products derived from peperomia plants are used to address a range of medical ailments, including headaches, rheumatoid arthritis, and kidney issues. The plant also has antifungal and antioxidant properties.

Jade Plants

Another popular succulent for indoor gardens is the ornamental and medicinal jade plant. The jade plant’s distinctive round leaves have become associated symbolically with the acquisition of money and wealth. The jade plant’s appeal goes beyond the ornamental, however.

Products derived from the juice of the jade plant have been used in many cultures for the treatment of ailments including diabetes, skin wounds, digestive issues, and warts. In traditional Chinese culture, the presence of a jade plant also improves the flow of chi, or life force.

This article was produced by Media Decision and syndicated by Wealth of Geeks.

The presence of green walls fosters calm, reduces stress, and elevates mood.

Indoor gardening has been linked to lower blood pressure and faster recovery rates in healthcare settings.

Title:

Content: Planting the Seeds of Spring

Canadian Tire helps customers prepare for summer gardening

Are you ready for gardening season? By starting seeds indoors rather than direct sowing when the weather is suitable for planting outdoors, you gain control over the quality of plants and get a jump on the growing season.

The snow is starting to disappear, the days are getting longer, and there is a hint of fresh energy in the air. It is the perfect time to start shedding the winter blues and put spring in your step. It’s time for planting those seeds – indoors.

“Starting your seeds indoors is a great way to have a full and healthy outdoor garden when the time is right,” says Tammy Hysert, Manager with Canadian Tire at The Mall at Picadilly.

Gardening is a source of health benefits. Not only do indoor plants provide better air quality, but gardening itself can relieve stress, boost productivity, and create a relaxing atmosphere. Starting seeds indoors can give you all the benefits of indoor plants while preparing you for a bountiful outdoor garden during the summer months.

“Since the pandemic started, we have found more and more people are starting their seeds early and focusing on backyard gardens,” says Hysert.

According to a survey conducted in June of 2021 by Research Co, more than three in five Canadians are enjoying gardening at home. In BC, the proportion of home gardeners is 67 per cent. Stats Canada reports that Canadians spent 6.5 per cent more on greenhouse flowers and plants in 2020, and greenhouse fruit and vegetable plant sales increased 12.3 per cent.

Hysert recommends preparing for your gardening needs now because supplies can sell out quickly. By starting seeds indoors rather than direct sowing when the weather is suitable for planting, you gain control over the quality of plants and get a jump on the growing season.

“Be sure to purchase high-quality seeds,” says Hysert. “The better the quality seeds, the more bountiful the harvest will be.”

It is also essential to carefully choose what seeds you are starting indoors – not all plants like to be transplanted. For example, broccoli, brussel sprouts, tomatoes, and peppers are best started indoors. In contrast, carrots and beets are best started outdoors.

Once seeds begin to sprout, move to a sunny location. Use a unique blend of seed-starting soil and have containers that allow for proper drainage. Plant seeds at the appropriate depth by following directions, and pick the correct location in your home. This location should be warm, such as near a radiator. However, make sure it is not too hot because seedlings like the air to be a bit cool.

“Be sure to water, but not over water. When you have a few sprouts coming up, keep the strongest ones and snip off the others, so you have only one plant per container,” says Hysert.

Greenhouse kits are a great way to get started and provide an easy-to-follow system.

Visit Canadian Tire at The Mall at Picadilly for your complete seed-starting needs. You can also follow Canadian Tire Salmon Arm on Facebook!

gardeningHome & Garden

During the COVID-19 lockdowns, many people adopted indoor plant care as a coping mechanism, reporting decreases in anxiety and depression.


Vertical gardens, also known as green walls, have increasingly become a popular addition to residential interiors due to their multifaceted benefits in aesthetics, indoor environmental quality, and psychological well-being.

For homeowners considering investing in a vertical garden, an understanding of their practical advantages, maintenance needs, and plant selection according to climate is essential.

This report consolidates the latest research findings, expert opinions, and practical insights in these key areas.

Air Purification Benefits
Vertical green walls significantly enhance indoor air quality by reducing various harmful air pollutants.

Studies from installations in urban environments, including schools in Chiayi City, have demonstrated that green walls reduce nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels by approximately 40%, particulate matter with diameter less than 10 micrometers (PM10) by about 60%, fine particulate matter under 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) by around 10%, and ozone (O3) by roughly 30% .

These pollutants are common components of indoor and outdoor pollution that contribute to respiratory problems and other health concerns.

Green walls help filter and trap these contaminants naturally and without energy consumption, making them an efficient and eco-friendly air purification strategy.

Plants incorporated into green walls contribute by absorbing airborne toxins, releasing oxygen through photosynthesis, and supporting healthy humidity levels.

Some recommended plants noted for strong air purification and low maintenance include lily bamboo, Boston kidney fern, hydrangea, African pansy, panthera, snake plant (Sansevieria), aloe vera, peace lily, spider plant, rubber plant, and pothos .

In addition to filtering pollutants, these plants can reduce microbial load on indoor surfaces, although this requires further research.

Temperature Regulation and Energy Efficiency
Indoor green walls contribute to creating more comfortable thermal environments through shading, transpiration, and evaporative cooling effects.

These processes collectively can lower indoor temperatures by approximately 1.8°C, as evidenced by empirical measurements at several green wall sites .

Transpiration—the release of moisture vapor by plants—adds humidity and lowers air temperature locally.

Additionally, green walls provide shading for wall surfaces and reduce heat absorption, helping stabilize indoor climate with less reliance on mechanical cooling.

Plants that excel at cooling through transpiration and shading include snake plant, aloe vera, peace lily, Boston fern, spider plant, rubber plant, and pothos.

These species are practical choices for vertical gardens aiming to moderate temperature and enhance comfort .

Besides comfort improvements, reducing temperature fluctuations through green walls can decrease electricity usage for air conditioning, translating into cost savings and lower carbon footprint.

Mental Health and Well-being Effects
The integration of greenery indoors is strongly linked to psychological benefits.

Natural plants and green walls amplify aesthetic appeal and create soothing environments, contributing to stress reduction, improved mood, and greater subjective well-being .

Studies from environmental psychology affirm that exposure to plant life indoors enhances feelings of relaxation, reduces anxiety, and can increase attention and productivity.

Vertical gardens have the advantage of introducing substantial greenery even in homes with limited floor space, making them accessible for urban dwellers.

Indoor gardening activities associated with maintaining green walls also promote mindfulness and a connection to nature, which are psychologically beneficial.

Maintenance Requirements and Challenges
Maintaining indoor vertical gardens requires attention to light, water, space, and pest management.

Common indoor gardening challenges include insufficient or uneven light exposure, temperature fluctuations, improper watering, pest infestation, and spatial constraints .

Addressing these involves several key practices:

- Positioning plants where they receive adequate natural sunlight or supplementing with grow lights.

- Rotating plants periodically to ensure even light distribution.

- Monitoring soil moisture to avoid under- or overwatering, utilizing moisture sensors if possible.
- Isolating and treating affected plants promptly to prevent pest spread.

- Utilizing automatic irrigation or sprinkler systems to regulate watering, especially for larger green walls.
- Selecting space-efficient vertical planters or wall-mounted containers to maximize available area.

Maintenance also entails routine care such as wiping leaves to remove dust for optimized photosynthesis, applying water-soluble fertilizer in moderation, repotting plants showing signs of nutrient deficiency or root restriction, and choosing species suited to the microclimate of the installation site .

Although vertical green walls can be complex to construct and require some expertise for optimal results, homeowners can simplify through modular systems or consulting landscape professionals for installation and ongoing support .

Plant Selection for Different Indoor Climates
Selecting appropriate plants for a vertical garden depends on factors such as regional climate, indoor humidity, light availability, and temperature range.

Plants differ widely in their tolerance and growth requirements, making climate-adapted choices essential for sustained health.

For example, in higher pollution and hotter climates like Delhi-NCR, hardy and pollution-tolerant species such as Ficus benjamina, Areca palm, and Sansevieria are recommended .

In humid and subtropical climates like Bengaluru or Chennai, tropical plants that thrive in moisture-rich environments serve better.

Locally popular large-leafed trees including Peepal, Banyan, Jamun, Gular, Pilkhan, Gulmohar, Neem, Amaltas, and Arjuna function as effective purifiers in outdoor or semi-indoor settings but may be unsuitable as small indoor vertical garden plants due to size constraints .

Instead, smaller species adapted to indoor growing should be favored.

Many vertical garden systems support herbs, leafy greens, and small vegetables, especially with careful control of light and watering.

Basil, cilantro, mint, parsley, lettuce, spinach, arugula, kale, microgreens, strawberries, and gourmet mushrooms can be grown indoors vertically, providing both green benefits and edible harvests .

Summary
Indoor vertical gardens effectively improve air quality by filtering pollutants and raising oxygen levels while moderating temperature through natural processes such as shading and transpiration.

These environmental benefits contribute to healthier, more comfortable living spaces with decreased energy consumption.

Psychologically, green walls promote relaxation, reduce stress, and enhance mood, supporting mental well-being.

Maintenance requires moderate care focusing on light, water, pest management, and spatial optimization, often facilitated by automated irrigation or expert consultation.

Careful plant selection tailored to local climatic and indoor conditions maximizes sustainability and longevity.

Suitable plants include a diverse range of ferns, bamboos, palms, flowering species, common indoor favorites like snake plants and peace lilies, as well as various herbs and vegetables adaptable to vertical systems.

For homeowners wanting to create a sustainable, beautiful, and health-enhancing living environment, investing in a vertical garden presents a practical and fulfilling opportunity.

Prior engagement with design professionals and awareness of the outlined practical considerations can ensure the installation meets individual goals with long-term success.

Vertical gardens, also known as green walls, have increasingly become a popular addition to residential interiors due to their multifaceted benefits in aesthetics, indoor environmental quality, and psychological well-being.

Title:

Content: 6 Easy Ways to Build an Indoor Garden
CHITING CHANG – HOMIFY
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Indoor plants are not only beautiful, they bring natural greenery to your room, they also have the function of purifying toxins in the air.
If you don ’ t have a large garden or balcony space to grow flowers and plants, you can still work on creating a small garden indoors.
Today ’ s idea book will teach you 6 simple ways to build an indoor garden.
After reading these methods, you should no longer be able to use the space limit as an excuse!
1. Palm Trees
If you want to plant a tree indoors, you must choose plants that can survive in low light conditions.
An atmospheric, tropical palm tree is the perfect choice.
If you have concerns about the frequency of watering and the temperature in the room, ask a professional for more details.
2.
Glass bonsai
Terrarium Installations
The Urban Botanist
Easy to handle, small glass potted plants are ideal for small suites or work desks! You can choose large glass containers, such as old light bulbs, fish tanks, candy cans, etc., then put a small stone as the bottom, spread the moss, and then put the soil.
The next step is to put your plants in the soil and then spread the moss.
When finished, you can put on your favorite decorations again, so that the simple glass potted plant is finished.
3.
Fill the walls with plants.
Green walls can be the most natural decoration in the home, and can also remove toxins from the air and improve the quality of life.
Although the idea is simple, building a green wall can be a tricky task, and if you are not confident in your DIY skills, you can consult with homify experts.
4.
Hang the plants on the wall.
Hanging Vintage Garden Tap Planter
ELLA JAMES
If the above green wall is a bit too much, then you can choose to hang plants on the wall.
If you don ’ t like the general method, you can follow the above example and choose the potted plants made of water taps, so that your potted plants can also be used as decorations in your home.
5.
Kitchen Spices
The easiest way to create an indoor garden is to plant the herbs you need.
Put your favorite herbs in the kitchen, in addition to making the kitchen full of green surprises, you can also let the vanilla smell in the air.
6.
Make your living space green
We love the concept of an indoor garden!
Put a wooden table on the plant of the tree, it becomes a unique tree table.
When guests come to visit, do you have the feeling of playing chess and making tea in the old banyan tree?
More Inspiration for Interior Decoration: 17 Simple and Affordable Ways to Make Your Home Better
Do you need someone to help you design or build your home?
Find a professional now!
Find out more about home design!

For homeowners considering investing in a vertical garden, an understanding of their practical advantages, maintenance needs, and plant selection according to climate is essential.

Title:

Content: 5 Common Indoor Gardening Challenges And Their Solutions

Saloni Singh
Updated on Jan 22, 2024, 19:36 IST- 5 min read

Indoor gardening is a wonderful way to bring nature into your home and enjoy the benefits of growing plants all year round. However, it comes with its own set of challenges that can sometimes discourage even the most experienced gardeners. In this article, we will explore five common indoor gardening challenges and provide practical solutions to help you overcome them.

The Growing Trend of Indoor Gardening

In recent years, indoor gardening has gained immense popularity among plant enthusiasts. It allows individuals to create a green oasis within the comfort of their homes, regardless of the outdoor climate. However, indoor gardening comes with its own unique challenges that require careful attention and solutions to ensure the thriving growth of your plants.

Unsplash/Representational Image

Challenge 1: Insufficient Light

One of the most common challenges faced by indoor gardeners is the lack of sufficient light. Since natural sunlight is limited indoors, providing adequate light for your plants becomes crucial. Insufficient light can lead to weak growth, leggy stems, and poor flowering.

Solution: To overcome this challenge, you can consider the following solutions:

Place your plants near windows with the brightest light exposure.

Use artificial grow lights, such as fluorescent or LED lights, to supplement the natural light.

Rotate your plants regularly to ensure all sides receive equal light exposure.

Challenge 2: Temperature Control

Maintaining the right temperature for your indoor garden can be a tricky task. Fluctuations in temperature can affect plant growth and overall health. Extreme heat or cold can cause stress and even lead to plant damage.

Solution: Here are some solutions to help you maintain optimal temperature levels:

Identify the temperature requirements of your plants and adjust the indoor environment accordingly.

Use thermostats or temperature-controlled devices to regulate the temperature.

Place plants away from drafts and heating or cooling sources that may cause sudden temperature changes.

Unsplash/Representational Image

Challenge 3: Proper Watering Techniques

Watering plants is a fundamental aspect of gardening, but it can be challenging to strike the right balance. Overwatering or underwatering can have detrimental effects on plant health and growth.

Solution: Follow these guidelines for proper watering:

Learn the specific watering needs of each plant in your indoor garden.

Check the moisture level of the soil before watering.

Provide adequate drainage to prevent waterlogged roots.

Challenge 4: Pest Infestations

Indoor plants are not immune to pests. Common pests, such as aphids, mealybugs, and spider mites, can quickly infest your indoor garden if left unchecked. These pests can weaken your plants and hinder their growth.

Solution: Implement the following measures to tackle pest infestations:

Regularly inspect your plants for signs of pests.

Use organic pest control methods, such as neem oil or insecticidal soap.

Isolate affected plants to prevent the spread of pests.

Challenge 5: Limited Space

One of the significant challenges of indoor gardening is dealing with limited space. As your plant collection grows, finding suitable areas to accommodate them becomes increasingly difficult.

Solution: Here are some solutions for optimizing limited space:

Utilize vertical space by hanging plants or using wall-mounted planters.

Choose compact plant varieties or those that can be trained to grow vertically.

Group plants with similar needs together to make the most of available space.

Unsplash/Representational Image

Indoor gardening offers a rewarding experience, but it requires addressing common challenges effectively. By understanding the obstacles like insufficient light, temperature control, proper watering techniques, pest infestations, and limited space, you can create a thriving indoor garden. Implementing the suggested solutions will help you overcome these challenges and enjoy the beauty of nature within your home.

FAQs

1. How often should I water my indoor plants? The watering frequency depends on various factors such as plant type, size, and environmental conditions. It is best to check the moisture level of the soil before watering to ensure it is neither too dry nor waterlogged.

2. Can I use regular household lights for indoor gardening? Regular household lights are not sufficient for promoting healthy plant growth. It is recommended to use specialized grow lights, such as fluorescent or LED lights, to provide adequate light intensity and spectrum for your plants.

3. What are some natural remedies for pest control in indoor gardens? Several natural remedies can help control pests in indoor gardens. Neem oil, insecticidal soap, and homemade vinegar sprays are effective in combating common pests. However, always follow the instructions and test them on a small portion of the plant before widespread application.

4. How can I make the most of limited space in my indoor garden? To maximize limited space, consider utilizing vertical space by hanging plants or using wall-mounted planters. Choose compact plant varieties or those that can be trained to grow vertically. Grouping plants with similar needs together can also help optimize space.

5. Can I grow vegetables indoors? Yes, you can grow a variety of vegetables indoors. Leafy greens like lettuce and herbs like basil are well-suited for indoor cultivation. Tomatoes, peppers, and microgreens are also popular choices for indoor vegetable gardening.

In conclusion, indoor gardening comes with its own set of challenges, but with the right knowledge and strategies, you can overcome them. By addressing the issues of insufficient light, temperature control, proper watering, pest infestations, and limited space, you can create a thriving indoor garden that brings beauty and serenity to your home. Remember to adapt the solutions to suit your specific plant needs and enjoy the benefits of a flourishing indoor garden.

This report consolidates the latest research findings, expert opinions, and practical insights in these key areas.

Title:

Content: You are here: Home » Lifestyle » News
Business Standard

Are the plants in your house not growing? Tips to keep indoor flora alive

To check if a plant is a right fit for your region, look for its temperature tolerance and the ecosystem it belongs to

Topics
gardening | Indoor air pollution | Trees

Kanishka Gupta  |  New Delhi

American journalist and author Michael Pollan once asked himself while sowing rows: “Did I choose to plant these potatoes or did the potato make me do it?”

If you have read his ‘The Botany of Desire’, you would know what follows. But in case you haven’t, he goes on to elaborate that both the statements are true. Pollan calls humans 'bumblebees' – manipulated by plants into hauling their pollen from blossom to blossom.

This manipulation could be in the form of a pleasant fragrance, the ability to purify air, medicinal properties, edible fruits, et al.

What is worth noting here is how human interaction with plants has evolved over time. Lush green lawns with tall trees, bushes and a wide range of plants outside homes have now been replaced with small- or medium-sized indoor flora.

The pandemic, however, saw a larger number of human bumblebees sowing seeds. From coping with boredom, decorating newly created home-offices, to getting influenced by the social media green trends, people had different reasons for doing so.

However, despite buying quality plants, spending hours watching youtube tutorials, and investing in tools and appliances, many failed to sustain their indoor, green plants. Where did they go wrong, especially when there was no lack of effort?

The plant you fancy on an Instagram post by a friend who stays miles away may not be an ideal fit for your indoor green space.

To check if a plant is a right fit for your region, look for its temperature tolerance and the ecosystem it belongs to, says Swami Prem Parivartan, founder of Give Me Trust, one of the largest communities that plants and preserves in India.

For instance, Ficus benjamina, Areca palm, Sansevieria and certain hardy plants do well indoors in Delhi-NCR. Completely different vegetation will grow well in cities like Bengaluru and Chennai, where humidity is high.

Give Me Trust has facilitated the plantation and preservation of over 20 million trees during the past 44 years, with 16,000-plus volunteers working pan-India.

The popular perception that indoor plants don’t require air and sunlight is not true. They too need air and light and can’t thrive in a claustrophobic environment, Parivartan avers.

The room's carpet area, source of light, and ventilation need to be factored in while buying an indoor plant, he adds.

Popularly known as Peepal Baba, Parivartan has planted more than 12.5 million Peepal trees in India and is also working with the United States Forest Service.

Big trees with large leaves such as Peepal, Banyan, Jamun (Java Plum), Gular (cluster fig), Pilkhan (white fig), Gulmohar (Royal poinciana), Neem, Amaltas (Golden shower tree), and Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna) are excellent purifiers, he recommends, therefore best fit for high pollution region of Delhi-NCR.

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First Published: Sun, April 10 2022. 08:47 IST
.

Air Purification Benefits
Vertical green walls significantly enhance indoor air quality by reducing various harmful air pollutants.

Title:

Content: In order to improve the environmental air quality and let children learn with peace of mind, the Taichung Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau has continued to build a clean air green wall in the school. This year, 12 schools in Jianping Elementary School, Juren Elementary School and Chongde Elementary School have received subsidies from the Environmental Protection Department.
According to the Environmental Protection Bureau, through the installation of clean air green walls, indoor air quality can be improved. At present, space such as classroom corridors and flower stands outside the daughter wall in Taichung City can be planted, which can achieve the benefits of dust retention, air pollution absorption and temperature regulation.
In order to strengthen the protection of the school environment for children, the Taichung City Environmental Protection Bureau expanded the subsidy for the construction of a clean air green wall on the campus, and the current subsidy amount to 1.76 million yuan, with an area of 358 square meters.
The Environmental Protection Bureau stressed that currently selected plants that can purify the air and do not need to spend too much money and time to maintain include the Dragon Tubeh, the Junzi and Wu Bamboo, the Turtle, the Cannonflower or the Honeysuckle.
How good is the effect of clean air green wall?
According to international research, vertical clean air green walls can reduce the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM10) by about 40% and 60%. In addition, green walls can also reduce the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in classrooms by about 10% and the concentration of ozone (O3) by about 30%.
Green wall is the most natural and energy efficient air purification facilities, no need to plug in electricity, self-circulation, to achieve the purpose of air purification, can be called the "most environmentally friendly air purifier".
Chen Hongyi, director of the Environmental Protection Bureau, said that in addition to blocking outdoor pollutants and improving indoor air, the air green wall can also adjust the temperature and drive energy conservation and carbon reduction. Next year, Taichung City is expected to expand the subsidy target, including community activity centers, public kindergartens and environmental night markets.
# Green Wall # Air # Cleanliness # Campus # Environment

Studies from installations in urban environments, including schools in Chiayi City, have demonstrated that green walls reduce nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels by approximately 40%, particulate matter with diameter less than 10 micrometers (PM10) by about 60%, fine particulate matter under 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) by around 10%, and ozone (O3) by roughly 30% .

Title:

Content: Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi County, Chiayi
The school received an environmental subsidy of NT $220,000 two years ago to plant large Dumbo flowers to form a green wall, which helps to cool down the temperature and purify the air, and also to install an automatic sprinkler system to maintain the ecology of the green wall.
According to the Environmental Protection Bureau of Chiayi City Government, since 2019, the Environmental Protection Department has promoted the vertical air green wall project. Since 2019, three schools, including Xingjia, Jiabei Elementary School and Jiabei Elementary School, have installed climbing plants on the school's daughter wall and the balcony of the classroom.
The Environmental Protection Bureau of the Chiayi Municipal Government said that this year, the Environmental Protection Agency expanded the target of subsidies, in addition to the original subsidies of public middle school, public elementary school, public preschool institutions, public welfare groups, public facilities, environmental protection night market, civic activity center and other venues, air green wall subsidies of 3,000 to 6,000 yuan per square meter, single subsidy ceiling of 400,000 yuan.
According to the Municipal Environmental Protection Agency, according to the results of the study, vertical green walls can reduce the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), suspended particulates (PM10) by about 40% and 60%, but also reduce the concentration of indoor fine suspended particulates (PM2.5) by about 10%, ozone by about 30%, and indoor temperature reduction by about 1.8 ℃.
According to the city's Environmental Protection Bureau, the appropriate plant types are lily bamboo, firecracker red, Yunnan yellow carnation, turtle, Boston kidney fern, hydrangea, African pansy or panthera, and can be selected according to the space planning and installation requirements, so that the space is more beautiful.
# Green Wall # Cooling # EPB # EPD # Planting

These pollutants are common components of indoor and outdoor pollution that contribute to respiratory problems and other health concerns.

Title:

Content: 7 Plants That Help Bring Down Room Temperature In Summer

7 Plants That Help Bring Down Room Temperature In Summer

During the sweltering summer months, maintaining a comfortable indoor temperature can be a challenge

Sujal ChawatheUpdated: Sunday, May 12, 2024, 01:14 PM IST

During the sweltering summer months, maintaining a comfortable indoor temperature can be a challenge. While air conditioning is a common solution, incorporating certain house plants into your home can also help cool down your space naturally. Not only do these plants add a touch of greenery to your interior decor, but they also act as natural air purifiers and humidifiers.

The logic behind how certain house plants can help cool the microclimate inside a room lies in their ability to transpire, evaporate water, and create shade. Here's a breakdown:

Transpiration: Plants absorb water through their roots and release it into the air through tiny pores in their leaves called stomata. This process is known as transpiration. As water evaporates from the surface of the leaves, it removes heat energy from the plant and its immediate surroundings, similar to how sweat cools our skin.

Evaporative cooling: When water evaporates from plants and pots, it cools the surrounding air. This process is called evaporative cooling. As the water vaporizes, it absorbs heat energy from the air, lowering the temperature in the vicinity of the plant. This cooling effect can be significant, especially in dry climates where evaporation rates are higher

Shade: The foliage of plants provides shade, which helps reduce the amount of direct sunlight that enters a room. Direct sunlight can contribute to heat gain indoors, especially during the summer months. By blocking or diffusing sunlight, plants help maintain a cooler microclimate inside the room.

House plants to keep your house cool

Snake Plant (Sansevieria trifasciata): Also known as the "mother-in-law's tongue," the snake plant is renowned for its ability to purify the air and thrive in low light conditions.
It releases oxygen at night, making it an excellent choice for improving indoor air quality while also cooling down your space.

Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis miller): Apart from its soothing gel that's great for sunburns, aloe vera plants also help reduce indoor temperatures through transpiration.
Their succulent leaves release moisture into the air, creating a cooling effect in the surrounding environment.

Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum spp.): With its elegant white blooms and glossy foliage, the peace lily is not only visually appealing but also effective at purifying the air.
This plant thrives in shady areas and helps maintain humidity levels, which can contribute to a cooler indoor atmosphere during hot summer days.

Boston Fern (Nephrolepis exaltata): Boston ferns are prized for their lush, feathery fronds and their ability to thrive in high humidity environments.
Placing a Boston fern in your home can help increase moisture levels and reduce ambient temperatures, creating a refreshing oasis during the summer heat.

Spider Plant (Chlorophytum comosum): Spider plants are known for their air-purifying qualities and ease of care, making them popular choices for indoor spaces. They absorb indoor pollutants and release oxygen, contributing to a cleaner and cooler indoor environment.

Rubber Plant (Ficus elastica): With its large, glossy leaves, the rubber plant adds a tropical touch to any room while also improving indoor air quality. This plant is particularly effective at removing toxins from the air and releasing moisture, helping to cool down your home during the summer months.

Pothos (Epipremnum aureum): Pothos, also known as devil's ivy, is a versatile and low-maintenance plant that thrives in a variety of lighting conditions. Its trailing vines not only add visual interest to your space but also help purify the air and reduce indoor temperatures.

Incorporating these house plants into your home decor not only enhances the aesthetic appeal but also promotes a healthier and cooler indoor environment during the summer. From air purification to humidity regulation, these plants offer natural solutions for beating the heat and creating a more comfortable living space.

(Sujal Chawathe is a CA by education but a gardener at heart. Her venture Indoor Greens helps urban offices and homes, add and maintain plants)

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Green walls help filter and trap these contaminants naturally and without energy consumption, making them an efficient and eco-friendly air purification strategy.

Plants incorporated into green walls contribute by absorbing airborne toxins, releasing oxygen through photosynthesis, and supporting healthy humidity levels.

Some recommended plants noted for strong air purification and low maintenance include lily bamboo, Boston kidney fern, hydrangea, African pansy, panthera, snake plant (Sansevieria), aloe vera, peace lily, spider plant, rubber plant, and pothos .

In addition to filtering pollutants, these plants can reduce microbial load on indoor surfaces, although this requires further research.

Temperature Regulation and Energy Efficiency
Indoor green walls contribute to creating more comfortable thermal environments through shading, transpiration, and evaporative cooling effects.

These processes collectively can lower indoor temperatures by approximately 1.8°C, as evidenced by empirical measurements at several green wall sites .

Transpiration—the release of moisture vapor by plants—adds humidity and lowers air temperature locally.

Additionally, green walls provide shading for wall surfaces and reduce heat absorption, helping stabilize indoor climate with less reliance on mechanical cooling.

Plants that excel at cooling through transpiration and shading include snake plant, aloe vera, peace lily, Boston fern, spider plant, rubber plant, and pothos.

These species are practical choices for vertical gardens aiming to moderate temperature and enhance comfort .

Besides comfort improvements, reducing temperature fluctuations through green walls can decrease electricity usage for air conditioning, translating into cost savings and lower carbon footprint.

Mental Health and Well-being Effects
The integration of greenery indoors is strongly linked to psychological benefits.

Natural plants and green walls amplify aesthetic appeal and create soothing environments, contributing to stress reduction, improved mood, and greater subjective well-being .

Studies from environmental psychology affirm that exposure to plant life indoors enhances feelings of relaxation, reduces anxiety, and can increase attention and productivity.

Vertical gardens have the advantage of introducing substantial greenery even in homes with limited floor space, making them accessible for urban dwellers.

Title:

Content: Categories: Articles, Crop productionPublished On: 13th October 2023

Hobby or small-holder farmers: Vertical farming may be the way to go

By 7 min read

aquaculture-5990470_1280

Stackable planters can be purchased from local hardware or nursery suppliers to create your own vertical farm.

The need to optimise farming and improve yields on small plots of land is increasingly important. Due to challenges of water scarcity, limited arable land and high inputs costs, innovative solutions such as vertical farming can help to overcome these struggles.

Vertical farming is an approach whereby farmers cultivate certain crops vertically in stacked layers, in order to maximise space and increase yields. This is usually achieved by planting these crops in containers, structures, or stackable pots.

Most often, these structures incorporate aquaponics, hydroponics or aeroponic techniques. All of these are methods used in controlled environments, with various factors such as the water flow, lighting control, temperature, and substrate controlled by the farmer, unlike traditional farming practices.

Vertical farming has many benefits

The most obvious benefit of vertical farming is maximised land use. This method allows farmers to grow more crops in a smaller footprint, making it ideal for areas with limited land availability. But there are other benefits too:

Production throughout the year: Since the environment of vertical farms are more controlled, it is possible to cultivate a crop more than once a year, or to ensure that you have a consistent yield throughout the year – depending on the crop type of course. Any seasonal constraints are removed and production is more efficient.

Water conservation: Less water is used in these systems.with only the precise amount of water needed to provide the plants with sustenance. Where farms are located in greenhouses or indoors, less evaporation also occurs.

Low environmental impact: When less space is needed to grow more food, there is a lower impact on the environment. Less natural vegetation needs to be cleared to accommodate soil based farming.

Improved control over growing conditions: When coupled with greenhouse systems, factors such as light intensity, temperature and humidity can be regulated. However, the plants are more dependent on the farmer to provide nutrients as there is little to no soil used as a substrate. Farmers can exercise strict control over when which fertilisers are used.

How to start a vertical farm

If you are looking to start a vertical farm, you need to first allocate space. You will need a space to put up the vertical structures where it has ample natural light, and where the structures can be safe from animals. People often want to put vertical gardens in warehouses and storerooms, but it is very costly to provide enough artificial lighting to try and make up for the lack of sunlight.

If you plan on adding ventilation to a greenhouse, temperature control systems or any other high tech additions, remember to consider access to electricity or solar power. If solar is your choice, take note the for every hectare of artificial lighting you may need up to five hectares of solar panels to provide enough electricity.

There also needs to be a space where you can add drainage so access water can drain from your vertical farm.

Next, you will need to look at the crops you would like to grow as this will determine  your growing method.

Structures for vertical farming:

Vertical wall gardens

Vertical wall gardens are one of the simplest and most cost-effective ways to start vertical farming in cities where you have walls, and limited horisontal space. You can use recycled materials such as old pallets, wooden crates, or plastic bottles as planting containers. These containers can be attached to a vertical frame or wall, creating a vertical garden. This method is excellent for growing herbs, small vegetables, and even certain fruits like strawberries.

Tower gardens

Tower gardens are vertical systems that allow plants to grow in stacked layers. PVC pipes can be used to create vertical planting towers. Plants are placed in holes drilled into the pipes, and a water and nutrient solution is circulated through the system. PVC pipes are relatively inexpensive and can be found at local hardware stores. Tower gardens are suitable for growing a variety of leafy greens and herbs.

Hanging gardens

Hanging gardens are an excellent option for small spaces. You can use hanging pots, recycled containers, or even fabric pouches attached to a frame or railing. These hanging containers can be filled with a lightweight growing medium and used for cultivating herbs, lettuce, and other compact crops. Hanging gardens utilise vertical space effectively and are relatively low-cost to set up.

Hydroponic systems

Hydroponic systems, where plants are grown in water without soil, can be affordable if you opt for a simple DIY setup. You can create a basic raft system using foam boards floating on a nutrient solution. Alternatively, a wick system, where a wick draws nutrient solution from a reservoir to the plants, is inexpensive and easy to set up. These DIY hydroponic systems are suitable for growing various vegetables and herbs.

Shelve system

As the name suggests, shelves are used to create rows of vertical gardens. Similar to wall- or hanging gardens, containers with substrate is used keep the plants in. Pots or trays are stacked on the shelves in a tray of water, or is connected to driplines that provide the plants with water.

A wall garden constructed with PVC pipe. (Source: Pixabay)

Planting a (vertical) garden and watching it grow

Some crops are not compatible with vertical systems – do not try to plant maize or pumpkins in this system. But there are still a multitude of other crops that can be used. Here are a few you can research:

  1. Herbs:

Herbs such as basil, cilantro, mint, thyme, and parsley are vital flavours that are in constant demand. They require relatively little space and grow well in vertical systems. Additionally, herbs are high-value crops because they have a quick turnover, allowing for multiple harvests throughout the year.

  1. Salad greens

Leafy greens like lettuce, spinach, arugula, and kale are popular choices for vertical farming. They are not only nutritious but also have a short growth cycle, making them ideal for continuous harvesting. Salad greens are versatile and are used in various culinary dishes, making them high in demand and a profitable choice for vertical farms.

  1. Microgreens

Microgreens are young edible plants harvested at an early stage. They are incredibly popular in high-end restaurants and farmer’s markets due to their intense flavour and high nutritional content. Microgreens can include varieties like radishes, mustard greens, and pea shoots. Despite their small size, microgreens are considered high-value crops because they can be sold at a premium price.

  1. Strawberries

Strawberries are a popular fruit that can be grown vertically in towers or hanging systems. They have a relatively high market price and are favoured by consumers for their sweetness and freshness. Vertical farming allows for efficient use of space, making it possible to grow a significant quantity of strawberries in a small area.

  1. Gourmet mushrooms

Gourmet mushrooms such as oyster mushrooms, shiitake, and maitake have gained popularity in culinary circles. They can be grown vertically in specially designed containers or shelves. Mushrooms have a relatively high market price, making them a profitable choice for vertical farms.

When choosing high-value crops for your vertical farming system, consider the local market demand, climate suitability, and your expertise in cultivating specific crops. Conduct market research and engage with local chefs, restaurants, and grocery stores to understand their requirements and preferences. By selecting the right combination of high-value crops, you can optimise your vertical farm’s profitability and contribute to the sustainable growth of your agricultural venture.

Shelves can also be used to create vertical gardens. (Source: Vecteezy)

For emerging farmers in sub-Saharan countries, vertical farming represents a pathway to overcome traditional agricultural challenges and create a more sustainable, efficient, and profitable farming enterprise. By harnessing the benefits of vertical farming, these farmers can contribute significantly to the local economy, local supply chain and food security.

J.M. and Marsh, J. (2022) How Africa can develop its own version of Vertical Farming, Agrilinks. Available at: https://agrilinks.org/post/how-africa-can-develop-its-own-version-vertical-farming

Vertical farming in Africa with Tower Farms (2022) Agrotonomy. Available at: https://agrotonomy.com/vertical-farming-in-africa-with-tower-farms/

Vertical Farming South Africa: 4 companies making a big impact (2022) Indoor Grow Farmer. Available at: https://indoorgrowfarmer.com/vertical-farming-south-africa/#:~:text=Vertical%20farming%20in%20South%20Africa,conditions%20to%20accommodate%20vertical%20farming.

B.Bugbee (2015) Why vertical farming won’t save the planet. www.youtube.com/watch?v=ISAKc9gpGjw&feature=youtu.be

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Indoor gardening activities associated with maintaining green walls also promote mindfulness and a connection to nature, which are psychologically beneficial.

Maintenance Requirements and Challenges
Maintaining indoor vertical gardens requires attention to light, water, space, and pest management.

Common indoor gardening challenges include insufficient or uneven light exposure, temperature fluctuations, improper watering, pest infestation, and spatial constraints .

Addressing these involves several key practices:

- Positioning plants where they receive adequate natural sunlight or supplementing with grow lights.

- Rotating plants periodically to ensure even light distribution.

- Monitoring soil moisture to avoid under- or overwatering, utilizing moisture sensors if possible.
- Isolating and treating affected plants promptly to prevent pest spread.

- Utilizing automatic irrigation or sprinkler systems to regulate watering, especially for larger green walls.
- Selecting space-efficient vertical planters or wall-mounted containers to maximize available area.

Maintenance also entails routine care such as wiping leaves to remove dust for optimized photosynthesis, applying water-soluble fertilizer in moderation, repotting plants showing signs of nutrient deficiency or root restriction, and choosing species suited to the microclimate of the installation site .

Title:

Content: How to grow indoor plants? 6 tips you should not know
Peggy Yu
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Air pollution has recently become one of the more serious problems in Taiwan, some people have begun to put potted plants in balconies or homes, hoping to improve the air quality, but how to maintain indoor plants?
What is the difference between outdoor and outdoor? How can you increase oxygen and reduce carbon dioxide?
Below we give you 7 tips to help you maintain indoor air!
1. Choose a ventilated, sunny corner
The little certainty in the city, the greenery can make itself.
Grinding design
Planting requires sunlight, air, and water, but it is easy to be shaded by the shadows of high-rise buildings and walls in the room. At this time, you need to clear a good corner, which can be ventilated and irradiated by the sun, so that the plants can photosynthesize!
In addition, if you can not fully enjoy the sun, it is recommended to place the planting rotation to the sun window, take turns to sun, and even use artificial sunlight. It is recommended to check how many light sources your indoor potted plants need before purchasing.
2. Wipe the leaves regularly
Regular wiping of the leaf can remove dust from the leaf and make photosynthesis smoother, just like regular cleaning of filters, wiping of air conditioners or electric fan blades, to maximize the machine ’ s effectiveness.
Also, keep an eye out for dried leaves in potted plants, and trim and clean them regularly, otherwise they will only consume nutrients and even produce pests. Withered flowers must also be removed from potted plants, and the potted plants should be kept clean to keep them healthy!
3. Fertilizer should be appropriate
Some people will use fertilizer in the planting, it is recommended to use water-soluble fertilizer in indoor potted plants, because it can be directly absorbed by the leaves, preferably in small quantities, according to the packaging instructions in the required dosage, can also be sprayed on the leaves or poured into the pot, so that the plant can grow healthy and nutritious.
4. Choose the species that release the most oxygen
For office workers, green planting can let the visual rest relax, more can adsorb dirt, generally speaking, the surface of fluffy or wrinkled leaves, dark leaves, the most able to adsorb dirt, give better oxygen, it is recommended that every 9 square meters in the room should be placed a pot of 6 inches, can help improve air quality.
It is recommended that before work or vacation, you can move the pot to an indirect sun-drying place, leave water on the bottom of the pot, or pour it through first, keep it moist, and return without fear of it wither.
5. Plants that are too high should be replaced.
If they do not have enough sun, they will be able to "grow", that is, only the stalk grows higher and higher, but not leaves or flowers, causing the plant to become more and more fragile.
Some plants will run out of roots to breathe in the bottom of the pot, and even there are small roots on the surface of the soil, which means that this pot plant has not been able to hold the plant, it is time to help it move a new home!
First knock the potted plant, let the soil loose, and then slowly separate the roots. If there is a bad root, it is also recommended to be removed. In the new soil and new potted plants, you can add fertilizer, so that the potted plant can grow in two!
6. Ferns fit in the bathroom
Many people like small ferns, but he is not as easy as imagined to care for, in fact, ferns mostly like wet environment, if the air is too dry, such as air conditioning, it is easy to yellow.
We recommend that you move him to a moist place, such as a bathroom, toilet, or spray water on the leaves to increase the humidity.
But the root of the fern is more fragile, pay attention not to let him not excessive watering, but the environment is still wet, in order to give him a healthy growth environment!
Interior designers can also help you get the right planting location.
Read more: Green Together! 7 Things to Note About Using Plants in Your Home
Do you need someone to help you design or build your home?
Find a professional now!
Find out more about home design!

Although vertical green walls can be complex to construct and require some expertise for optimal results, homeowners can simplify through modular systems or consulting landscape professionals for installation and ongoing support .

Plant Selection for Different Indoor Climates
Selecting appropriate plants for a vertical garden depends on factors such as regional climate, indoor humidity, light availability, and temperature range.

Plants differ widely in their tolerance and growth requirements, making climate-adapted choices essential for sustained health.

For example, in higher pollution and hotter climates like Delhi-NCR, hardy and pollution-tolerant species such as Ficus benjamina, Areca palm, and Sansevieria are recommended .

In humid and subtropical climates like Bengaluru or Chennai, tropical plants that thrive in moisture-rich environments serve better.

Locally popular large-leafed trees including Peepal, Banyan, Jamun, Gular, Pilkhan, Gulmohar, Neem, Amaltas, and Arjuna function as effective purifiers in outdoor or semi-indoor settings but may be unsuitable as small indoor vertical garden plants due to size constraints .

Instead, smaller species adapted to indoor growing should be favored.

Many vertical garden systems support herbs, leafy greens, and small vegetables, especially with careful control of light and watering.

Basil, cilantro, mint, parsley, lettuce, spinach, arugula, kale, microgreens, strawberries, and gourmet mushrooms can be grown indoors vertically, providing both green benefits and edible harvests .

Summary
Indoor vertical gardens effectively improve air quality by filtering pollutants and raising oxygen levels while moderating temperature through natural processes such as shading and transpiration.

These environmental benefits contribute to healthier, more comfortable living spaces with decreased energy consumption.

Psychologically, green walls promote relaxation, reduce stress, and enhance mood, supporting mental well-being.

Maintenance requires moderate care focusing on light, water, pest management, and spatial optimization, often facilitated by automated irrigation or expert consultation.

Careful plant selection tailored to local climatic and indoor conditions maximizes sustainability and longevity.

Suitable plants include a diverse range of ferns, bamboos, palms, flowering species, common indoor favorites like snake plants and peace lilies, as well as various herbs and vegetables adaptable to vertical systems.

For homeowners wanting to create a sustainable, beautiful, and health-enhancing living environment, investing in a vertical garden presents a practical and fulfilling opportunity.

Prior engagement with design professionals and awareness of the outlined practical considerations can ensure the installation meets individual goals with long-term success.