Vertical gardens, also known as green walls or living walls, are innovative architectural features where vegetation is grown vertically on building facades, interior walls, or freestanding structures.

Their origins trace back to ancient civilizations that incorporated terraced and vertical planting, but contemporary green walls emerged with a focus on sustainability, urban greening, and biophilic design.

Recent years have seen advances in their integration into sustainable building practices globally.

Practical benefits of vertical gardens, especially indoors, are well documented.

They contribute significantly to air purification by reducing pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), and ozone (O3).

Studies in Taiwan and Chiayi City report reductions of airborne NO2 and PM10 concentrations by about 40-60%, fine particulate matter by around 10%, and ozone by roughly 30%.

These improvements enhance indoor air quality naturally without energy consumption, positioning green walls as eco-friendly "air purifiers."

They also modulate indoor temperature, lowering it approximately 1.8°C, reducing energy needed for cooling and heating, mitigating urban heat island effects, and contributing to carbon reduction efforts.

Vertical gardens further impact mental health positively.

Research from the University of Tokyo and Sekisui House’s Gohon no Ki project shows that both direct interaction with biodiverse green spaces and even simply viewing greenery from home windows associate with improved psychological wellbeing: reduced depression, anxiety, and loneliness; increased happiness and life satisfaction.

These effects rival traditional socioeconomic factors like income.

The presence of plants enhances occupant comfort, reduces stress, and fosters restorative environments.

Indoor green walls and plants, including succulents, snake plants, orchids, and microgreens, have mood-lifting and stress-reducing effects and may accelerate health recovery.

Maintenance for vertical gardens varies by context.

Indoor green walls generally require controlled watering systems (often automated drip or hydroponic irrigation), periodic pruning, nutrient management, and pest control.

Outdoor walls face more exposure challenges, requiring durable substrates and potentially more active maintenance to address weather, pests, and seasonal growth cycles.

Technological solutions like robot-assisted inspections and plant health monitoring—as demonstrated in Singapore’s Expo 2020 Pavilion—are emerging to streamline upkeep.

Plant selection depends strongly on climate and microclimate conditions.

Suitable plants for vertical gardens include climbing species, ferns, mosses, and adapted shrubs.

In Taiwan, species like Dragon Tubeh, Junzi, Wu Bamboo, and Honeysuckle are chosen for their air-purifying capacity and low maintenance.

Chiayi City recommends lily bamboo, firecracker red, Yunnan yellow carnation, Boston kidney fern, and hydrangea, selected for local climatic adaptability.

Tropical climates favor a diversity of evergreen and moisture-loving plants, while temperate or arid zones require drought-tolerant species such as succulents and cacti.

Native species are generally preferred to support local biodiversity and reduce maintenance, although exotic plants may be used with caution to avoid ecological disruption.

In design, vertical gardens offer multiple layers of functioning greenery, from moss mats and climbing plants to ground cover and small trees that bring texture, seasonal interest, and habitat value, thereby enriching built environments both aesthetically and ecologically.

In summary, vertical gardens are effective sustainable building elements offering air purification, microclimate regulation, and psychological benefits.

Their maintenance and plant selection must align with site-specific conditions, and emerging technologies enhance their manageability and effectiveness.

Integrating vertical gardens supports urban biodiversity, fosters occupant wellbeing, and helps mitigate environmental challenges like urban heat islands and air pollution, making them a significant sustainable innovation in architecture and environmental design [a89e20ea-c2ae-4600-8704-7d23939dacc1_458215749; 70b30305-e209-49f4-aa22-78908d3f1880_535735985; dd767717-5ae7-4c8d-8919-5ca78eab4764_218980452; 2f6e5599-dec4-4394-ad2c-3f6b1754399b_623332260; ba406fcf-374a-415e-9a89-d67180febed7_1047686740].

Vertical gardens, also known as green walls or living walls, are innovative architectural features where vegetation is grown vertically on building facades, interior walls, or freestanding structures.

Title:

Content: Learning from nature ’ s ecology to unlock 3.8 billion years of evolutionary wisdom
Font Size:
Bionics provides a window for inventors, scientists, architects and designers to draw inspiration from nature ’ s ecology and apply the mysteries of the existence of all things in various environments to find answers to climate change.
The wrinkles of elephant skin have nothing to do with beauty or ugliness, and nature does not care about the survival of the fittest.
The wrinkled skin allows elephants to survive for generations in harsh tropical environments.
The texture of the Namib Desert beetle shell is not decorative, but its inherent "water storage" device, so that it can also take water in the desert to survive.
The wisdom of the survival of the fittest evolved over billions of years.
BioSEA, a local consulting firm that consults on ecological and bionic design, asks why humans don ’ t learn from them to help us survive all the wonders of global warming.
BioSEA has received funding from the Singapore Design Council ’ s Good Design Research programme to launch a tool book, Biomimicry for Tropical Building Skins – A Design Toolkit to Manage Thermal Comfort Using Nature ’ s Genius, on how to draw knowledge from biological structures to handle and address thermal comfort in tropical buildings.
Anuj Jain, 38, co-founder of bioSEA and one of the book ’ s editor-in-chief, said: “The cement forest we live in is very easy to heat up, the whole city is warming up, in the next few decades, will increase by two degrees Celsius, we need to use passive cooling to reduce the temperature, carbon and energy saving. ”
Nature can give us inspiration to solve complex problems.
We want this book to be like a seed, planted in the minds of builders, slowly blossom and let them learn to observe nature and draw inspiration from it to solve problems.
It is not new for inventors, scientists, and designers to draw inspiration from nature and biology for new inventions and designs.
The familiar devil sticker (also known as Velcro) was inspired and designed by Swiss engineer George de Mestral when he found burdock burrs attached to his clothes on a hunting trip home in the 1950s.
Medical scientists have also observed that large gecko feet are constructed so that they can stick to the wall to crawl and get inspired to design new ways to stitch wounds without needles.
The engineer observed that the beak of Kingfisher designed a maglev bullet train, which successfully increased the speed of the train while reducing the sonic boom effect.
Advancing Bionics Globally
However, we now classify intelligence drawn and imitated by nature as biomimicry, thanks to American biology author Janine Benyus.
In 1997, she interviewed scientists, engineers, and inventors to turn their observations of functional strategies for biological survival into stories of innovative technology, which became her seminal book, Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature.
Prior to her invention of the term biomimicry, similar biomimetic concepts were known as bionics, bio-engineering, and biomimetics.
In 1998, Jenny started Biomimicry 3.8, a bionics consulting company, to provide consulting services to multinational companies such as Nike, Boeing, IDEO, P & G.
The “3.8 ” in the company ’ s name refers to the 3.8 billion years of evolution that Earth ’ s creatures have undergone. In 2006, she co-founded the Biomimicry Institute, a non-profit organization that encourages people to incorporate biology into design as a natural part of design.
Her organization organizes a global bionics design competition every year, mobilizing tens of thousands of students and practitioners of the global bionics network to use bionics thinking to solve sustainable development problems, and allows participants to use her, the world's most comprehensive bionics database "Ask Nature" (AskNature).
Anuk, who was studying ecology at the National University of Singapore, flew to the United States to study with Jenny and obtained a professional certificate in biomimicry.
He said: “Each year, the Bionics Institute selects 16 students from all over the world to study with Jenny.
There were very few Asians in the class, and I was the only representative of Singapore that year.
Saloni Swaminathan, 24, a design and research ecologist at bioSEA, another editor-in-chief of “The Bionic Wisdom of the Skin of Tropical Architecture, ” pointed out:“ There are a lot of ideas and designs that are linked to biology today, but people don ’ t know the terms, but they have specific meanings and can ’ t be used interchangeably. ” design refers to most of the architectural space design through aerial gardens, indoor gardens, vertical gardens, etc., to increase the ecological connection between the occupants and nature.
The Parkroyal Collection Pickering hotel and Jewel Changi Airport in Singapore are among the best. “biomorphic ” refers to an abstract form that points to or provokes the imagination of a creature, plant or human body.
Biomimetic architecture design draws on biological ecology
This 150-page book lists more than 50 examples of bionic architectural design from around the world, explaining the concept of bionic design in depth, and enumerating how bionic architectural design can be inspired by the survival and growth characteristics of elephants, beetles, fish, owls, algae, termite mounds, cacti, pine nuts, etc., and applied to building materials and building skins.
The electronic tool book is priced at S $18 and can be purchased at https: / / biomimicry.biosea.sg / order /
Three cases — the elephant, the Namib desert beetle, and the termite mound — reveal how architects have used the traits of these creatures to cool buildings.
BioSEA also uses 3D printing to print their characteristics on small bricks and tiles, allowing architects to conceive how to use them on the building ’ s exterior.
She said that the termite mound has a special structure, with a series of exhaust chestnuts higher than the white ant nest, and the small holes on the mound absorb hot gas and then exhaust it through the exhaust chestnuts to create a natural "air conditioning" system.
African Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce applied the termite mound concept to the design of the local Eastgate Centre shopping mall office building, creating a natural air conditioning system for the entire building through vent holes and exhaust chutes.
It is also the modern building that has so far applied the concept of natural ventilation so thoroughly and wonderfully.
Anuk also took inspiration from termite mounds to design porous wall tiles that are more permeable and increase the cooling effect of the walls by trapping the air.
The Namib desert beetle "mastered" a unique method of taking water during its evolution.
Rows of convex textures on their shells have superhydrophilic functions; grooves have superhydrophobic functions.
In 2006, Michael Rubner, a scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Oxford University, used a layer of nanoparticles to develop a wonderful material that can absorb water from fog or dew for people to drink. And...
BioSEA imitates the shell of the Namib Desert Beetle, 3D printing 24 ceramic tiles with different densities and tilting them at 35 to 45 degrees to test the function of condensing water droplets.
Anuk believes that the Namib desert beetle can give designers tips on how to increase the water collection function of buildings and how to cool tropical indoor spaces.
Shaloni pointed out that the elephant this behemoth walked through the hot sun of the grassland, exposed for a long time, naturally there are many ways to reduce body temperature and keep cool, and the wrinkles on its skin are a good helper born to control the temperature.
She said: "Just as the hair on the primitive human body has the function of keeping the air trapped and cooling down, so do the wrinkles and crevices on the elephant's skin."
Elephants like mud baths and like to splash water on their bodies because their skin is like a sponge, which traps moisture and distributes it evenly throughout the body to achieve a cooling effect. ” BioSEA also prints cracks and wrinkles on the skin of elephants on bricks to test whether such biomimetic design materials can achieve the same cooling effect if used on building surfaces.
Anuk listed two architectural designs that successfully applied the concept of bionics at home and abroad.
The natural ventilation design of the Votu Hotel in Brazil is based on the Prairie Dog (also known as Prairie Dog) and the cactus. The smart Prairie Dog was born knowing the fluid mechanics of Bernoulli ’ s Principle.
When they dig a hole, they will dig a higher cave at one end, and the high and low air pressure caused by two caverns of different heights will promote a continuous flow of air circulation.
The designer of Votu Hotel imitated the prairie dog and mouse, and designed the ceiling of each room of the hotel with different heights of inclination, and the gaps at the two ends of the ceiling can ensure the natural circulation of air in the room.
The arrangement of wooden strips in the appearance of the room mimics the structure of the cactus to achieve a cooling effect.
The concave-convex shape of the cactus allows it to be exposed to sunlight and shadow on one side during different sunshine periods.
Anuk said a team at the Dynamic Assemblies Lab, part of the University of Technology and Design (SUTD) in Singapore, took inspiration from Starfish Larvae in 2020 to assemble the Knit Pattern Flow Pavilion: “Starfish larvae change the direction of their hair to control the swirl of the water flow, enabling them to move around the water. ” The water moves.
The team used the structure of starfish larvae to make a pavilion, and simulated the intermittent wind speed of nature. They found that the wind, which constantly adjusts the flow, is more comfortable and cool than the artificial wind, which blows continuously at a fixed speed.
He also pointed out that pine cones shrink when wet and open when exposed to heat; mimosa shrinks when stressed; flowers open and close due to sunlight, and the interaction of these plants with cold, hot and light can also be applied to the external design of the building, so that the building shell and skin can be switched according to sunlight to achieve a cooling effect.
Anuk said: “What we are most happy to see in the end is that architects and designers can apply these different bionic research and ideas to the same building and put them together. ”
In this way, the world can witness in the same place how the ancient wisdom of nature is applied to the contemporary space through human wisdom to solve the problem of climate change facing mankind.
LIKE Our official Facebook page for more information

Their origins trace back to ancient civilizations that incorporated terraced and vertical planting, but contemporary green walls emerged with a focus on sustainability, urban greening, and biophilic design.

Title:

Content: 6 Easy Ways to Build an Indoor Garden
CHITING CHANG – HOMIFY
Loading admin actions …
Indoor plants are not only beautiful, they bring natural greenery to your room, they also have the function of purifying toxins in the air.
If you don ’ t have a large garden or balcony space to grow flowers and plants, you can still work on creating a small garden indoors.
Today ’ s idea book will teach you 6 simple ways to build an indoor garden.
After reading these methods, you should no longer be able to use the space limit as an excuse!
1. Palm Trees
If you want to plant a tree indoors, you must choose plants that can survive in low light conditions.
An atmospheric, tropical palm tree is the perfect choice.
If you have concerns about the frequency of watering and the temperature in the room, ask a professional for more details.
2.
Glass bonsai
Terrarium Installations
The Urban Botanist
Easy to handle, small glass potted plants are ideal for small suites or work desks! You can choose large glass containers, such as old light bulbs, fish tanks, candy cans, etc., then put a small stone as the bottom, spread the moss, and then put the soil.
The next step is to put your plants in the soil and then spread the moss.
When finished, you can put on your favorite decorations again, so that the simple glass potted plant is finished.
3.
Fill the walls with plants.
Green walls can be the most natural decoration in the home, and can also remove toxins from the air and improve the quality of life.
Although the idea is simple, building a green wall can be a tricky task, and if you are not confident in your DIY skills, you can consult with homify experts.
4.
Hang the plants on the wall.
Hanging Vintage Garden Tap Planter
ELLA JAMES
If the above green wall is a bit too much, then you can choose to hang plants on the wall.
If you don ’ t like the general method, you can follow the above example and choose the potted plants made of water taps, so that your potted plants can also be used as decorations in your home.
5.
Kitchen Spices
The easiest way to create an indoor garden is to plant the herbs you need.
Put your favorite herbs in the kitchen, in addition to making the kitchen full of green surprises, you can also let the vanilla smell in the air.
6.
Make your living space green
We love the concept of an indoor garden!
Put a wooden table on the plant of the tree, it becomes a unique tree table.
When guests come to visit, do you have the feeling of playing chess and making tea in the old banyan tree?
More Inspiration for Interior Decoration: 17 Simple and Affordable Ways to Make Your Home Better
Do you need someone to help you design or build your home?
Find a professional now!
Find out more about home design!

Recent years have seen advances in their integration into sustainable building practices globally.

Title:

Content: Heritage home redefined: A case study in sustainable renovation

Published: Aug. 17, 2023 at 10:00 AM EDT|Updated: 53 minutes ago

LONDON, Aug. 17, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Architecture for London, a prominent architecture and interiors firm focused on sustainable and energy-efficient designs, has unveiled a groundbreaking renovation of a heritage house. The house is transformed into a model of comfort, energy efficiency, and minimal interior design.

The ambitious project was a testament to the potential of existing structures to be innovatively renovated, honoring their heritage while meeting contemporary standards. The approach revealed and celebrated the original structure's modest beauty, whilst achieving an impressive 80% energy saving compared to standard homes of comparable size.

The project champions the sustainable refurbishment of historic homes on a constrained budget. Key low energy design features include triple glazing, a continuous airtight layer, and insulation enveloping the entire building. The original heritage facade was insulted internally using wood fiber.

In keeping with the firm's commitment to green practices, walls were retained to avoid energy-intensive steel box frames. Throughout the renovation, preference was given to natural materials such as stone, timber, and lime plaster over cement-based products.

"Simple steps can greatly enhance a home's sustainability. As my Passive House mentor suggested, 'target the low-hanging fruit.' Just sealing our front door created a draught-free space. Imagine the impact if every homeowner followed suit."
- Ben Ridley, Director, Architecture for London.

About Architecture for London

Architecture for London is a leading architecture and interiors firm dedicated to creating beautiful, well-considered buildings with a focus on sustainability and energy efficiency. Their work aims to positively transform the built environment, contributing to a more sustainable future. Architecture for London works in the UK & internationally.

architectureforlondon.com

Contact: Ben Ridley, mail@architectureforlondon.com, +44(0)20 3637 4236

Photo - https://mma.prnewswire.com/media/2187307/Architecture_for_London.jpg

View original content to download multimedia:

SOURCE Architecture for London

The above press release was provided courtesy of PRNewswire. The views, opinions and statements in the press release are not endorsed by Gray Media Group nor do they necessarily state or reflect those of Gray Media Group, Inc.

Practical benefits of vertical gardens, especially indoors, are well documented.

Title:

Content: Flower decor in the house
homify _
Loading admin actions …
Decorating with flowers is perhaps the most popular method of decorating the premises and garden.
The variety of colors in color, shape and size is simply innumerable.
There are also a variety of ways to decorate flowers.
A hedge of flowers, bright flower arrangements or bouquets in a nice vase - these and many other ideas can arise if you decide to decorate your home with flowers.
Let ’ s look at how we can decorate our home with flowers.
Winter garden
Sometimes it is so desirable that summer always reigns around us, evergreen plants grow and bright sun shines.
But the climatic conditions of our country, contrary to our wishes, suggest a smaller number of warm sunny days.
In any case, this is not a reason for frustration, because it is not in vain that winter gardens have been specially built in the premises for a long time.
For some, the winter garden is a composition of large plants in the corner of the hall or living room.
Of course, the collection of your favorite plants on the windowsill is your miniature winter garden.
But speaking the language of designers, a winter garden is much more difficult.
It requires a separate room, for example, a special room or glazed and insulated loggia.
It should be borne in mind that the arrangement of a full-fledged winter garden will require compliance with a number of conditions important for its existence: this is the humidity of the air, and the presence of a sufficient amount of sunlight, as well as the appropriateness and compatibility of the plants themselves.
Vertical gardening
Vertical landscaping, installation completed
RaStenia
Fashionable vertical gardening in the favorites of interior designers.
Such a living wall decorates the walls of solid offices, fashionable restaurants and has long taken root in the interiors of many apartments and houses.
The most spectacular flowers on the wall look in the living room, where they can take up more space.
No less harmonious it can look in the bathroom, giving the feeling of a tropical jungle, and in the bedroom, pacifying and giving fresh air for a comfortable sleep.
Vertical gardening is possible
Live flowers
An indispensable attribute of floral decor in the house are fresh flowers, or bouquets.
This method of decorating the house has its advantages:
- Firstly, you can always change the variety of colors of your bouquets;
- secondly, decorative bouquets smell nice and are able to give a chic fresh aroma;
- Thirdly, they do not require care in case you do not have the desire or opportunity to care for the flowers in the pots.
However, this method of decoration has its drawbacks: ripped flowers do not live long, which causes them to be sufficiently expensive for permanent use.
Flower decor as a continuation of the interior style
Flowers can be effectively used in the continuation of the style of the room.
Take for example vases, the widest selection of which is presented in the modern market.
And for each style, there is undoubtedly its own.
Fill it with your favorite colors and the interior of your home will sparkle with new colors.
Flowers in pots
Flowers in pots are perhaps the basic and simplest element of floral decor in the house.
Here everything depends on the individual preferences of the owner, and the modern market will definitely be able to offer flowers for every taste and budget.
In addition, a separate element of the decor can be considered flower pots, the choice of which is also infinitely large.
With a thoughtful selection, they will help add colors to evergreen plants and, conversely, dilute the brightness of abundantly flowering plants.
Separately, the types of flower pots are described in the article What are flower pots.
Flower arrangement in a pot
Creating compositions from plants in one pot is simple and at the same time original and creative.
To do this, it is enough to take several plants of different appearance and size and a large pot.
Fill the pot with expanded clay to half, and put the selected plants so that they do not protrude above the level of the pot.
Voids need to be filled with expanded clay, small stones or a ground-sand mixture.
It is important to remember that when choosing flowering indoor plants, they must be in harmony with the tones of curtains, upholstery, bedspreads and other textiles.
And the main thing to remember that flowers require care, only then, they will not only decorate the room, but also recreate a cozy atmosphere of warmth and life in your home.
Need help with a home project?
Contact us!
Find inspirational ideas for your home

They contribute significantly to air purification by reducing pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), and ozone (O3).

Title:

Content: In order to improve the environmental air quality and let children learn with peace of mind, the Taichung Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau has continued to build a clean air green wall in the school. This year, 12 schools in Jianping Elementary School, Juren Elementary School and Chongde Elementary School have received subsidies from the Environmental Protection Department.
According to the Environmental Protection Bureau, through the installation of clean air green walls, indoor air quality can be improved. At present, space such as classroom corridors and flower stands outside the daughter wall in Taichung City can be planted, which can achieve the benefits of dust retention, air pollution absorption and temperature regulation.
In order to strengthen the protection of the school environment for children, the Taichung City Environmental Protection Bureau expanded the subsidy for the construction of a clean air green wall on the campus, and the current subsidy amount to 1.76 million yuan, with an area of 358 square meters.
The Environmental Protection Bureau stressed that currently selected plants that can purify the air and do not need to spend too much money and time to maintain include the Dragon Tubeh, the Junzi and Wu Bamboo, the Turtle, the Cannonflower or the Honeysuckle.
How good is the effect of clean air green wall?
According to international research, vertical clean air green walls can reduce the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM10) by about 40% and 60%. In addition, green walls can also reduce the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in classrooms by about 10% and the concentration of ozone (O3) by about 30%.
Green wall is the most natural and energy efficient air purification facilities, no need to plug in electricity, self-circulation, to achieve the purpose of air purification, can be called the "most environmentally friendly air purifier".
Chen Hongyi, director of the Environmental Protection Bureau, said that in addition to blocking outdoor pollutants and improving indoor air, the air green wall can also adjust the temperature and drive energy conservation and carbon reduction. Next year, Taichung City is expected to expand the subsidy target, including community activity centers, public kindergartens and environmental night markets.
# Green Wall # Air # Cleanliness # Campus # Environment

Studies in Taiwan and Chiayi City report reductions of airborne NO2 and PM10 concentrations by about 40-60%, fine particulate matter by around 10%, and ozone by roughly 30%.

These improvements enhance indoor air quality naturally without energy consumption, positioning green walls as eco-friendly "air purifiers."

They also modulate indoor temperature, lowering it approximately 1.8°C, reducing energy needed for cooling and heating, mitigating urban heat island effects, and contributing to carbon reduction efforts.

Title:

Content: Health · Life
High temperature cities can do this.
Liu Xia
September 14, 2022 08: 52 Source: Science and Technology Daily
This year's "TwentySecond" is the hottest summer in history! Titles such as "Hottest Summer" can be seen almost every year in the past 10 years, and the abnormal heat waves that hit many parts of the world have brought suffocating days, but also serve as a reminder that the "hottest summer" will occur more frequently because of climate change.
As WMO Secretary-General Pettiri Talas said in May, the past seven years have been the hottest on record, and it ’ s only a matter of time before we see the next “hottest year on record. ”
Heat waves pose a danger to cities, and the impact is amplified by the urban “heat island effect ”, with many cities around the world taking measures to deal with extreme heat: building rooftop gardens, planting trees, whitening streets, and so on.
'heat island effect 'intensifies urban heatwave
The study pointed out that a large amount of greenhouse gases emitted by humans will remain in the atmosphere for decades, so the warming will not subside for the time being.
Heatwaves pose a greater danger to the city.
Compared to rural areas with more vegetation, urban residents are "particularly vulnerable because the so-called urban heat island effect amplifies the effects of heat waves".
The urban heat island effect refers to the urban "high temperature" caused by a large number of man-made heating, the increase of high heat storage bodies such as buildings and roads, the reduction of green space and other factors, and the phenomenon of urban "high temperature", and the temperature in the city is significantly higher than that of the outer suburbs.
"Simply put, it means that the city center is hotter than the surrounding suburbs," said Yun Ying Li, a postdoctoral research fellow at Columbia University's Climate Institute, in an interview with CBS on August 25. "This effect is like a" dome covering the city ", she explained, due to carbon emissions, air trapped in high-rise buildings, lack of open space and greening. can escape."
According to a recent study by the Swiss meteorological service, the temperature difference between urban and rural areas can reach 6 ° C.
Other studies have shown that this temperature difference is even as high as 10 ° C.
Researchers at the University of California, Irvine, said in a report published in the journal "The Future of Earth" that worsening extreme heat is one of the world's biggest health threats.
With more than half of the world ’ s population now living in cities, and more than 65 per cent expected to live in cities by 2050, an increase in extreme urban heat could put billions at risk.
According to Reuters, India has experienced unprecedented heatwave weather since late March this year.
Temperatures in northern, western and eastern parts of India have exceeded 40 ° C.
According to preliminary statistics, nearly 100 people have died as a result of the extreme heat and drought, which has also affected local crop harvests and increased the risk of forest fires and power outages.
According to a recent report by the National Bureau of Economic Research, if the planet continues to warm at its current rate, the number of deaths from high temperatures worldwide by the end of the century could be as high as all current infectious disease deaths combined.
Roof and roof break.
Many cities around the world are already taking steps to deal with extreme heat, and experts are beginning to focus on the roofs and roofs of buildings.
Andra Bardeilu, an expert at the Spanish Institute of Architects ’ High Council, said: “Eighty per cent of residential areas in Spain have flat roofs and are used as public areas with no specific purpose.
Creating a garden on the terrace or roof of a building is very beneficial, on the one hand, it can absorb carbon dioxide; on the other hand, it can relieve the sun exposure, maintain moisture and reduce the temperature. ”
"For this, it is possible to use fleshy plants that require little water," notes Mariano Sanchez of the Royal Botanic Gardens in Spain.
Some scientists have proposed that in order to cool the city, the roof can be painted white (the Los Angeles city government requires residents to paint their own roofs with white paint) or cover the roof with reflective panels and tiles, so that more sunlight can be reflected and less heat absorbed.
According to Urban Climate Leadership 40 (C40), these measures not only help reduce the temperature inside buildings, but also reduce their energy consumption by 20%.
Ground painted white + multiple trees
The ground has also become an important target for urban “fancy ” cooling. According to the C40 study, about 40% of the city ’ s surface is covered by traditional pavements such as asphalt.“ The maximum temperature in the city can reach 65 ° C in summer, and the ground heats the air above it, which is one of the main causes of the heat island effect. ”
Some experts have proposed a solution: use lighter colors of paint to create more reflective surfaces. In 2017, the city of Los Angeles conducted a pilot test: paint asphalt across multiple sections of the street white, using white reflectivity to reflect sunlight and reduce ground temperature.
This gray paint called CoolSeal was originally a military paint, specially used to cool the air force reconnaissance plane, it can reflect 30% -50% of the energy of sunlight, which is 10 times the amount of reflection of ordinary black asphalt pavement.
According to the results of the application of 15 pilot streets in Los Angeles, the surface temperature of the painted surface has dropped by 10 ° C compared to the original.
In addition, multiple trees are also a way to adapt to and reduce urban heat waves.
For example, Miami-Dade County currently has a canopy coverage of just under 20%, and the county has plans to increase that to 30% by 2030. The iconic palm trees on Miami Beach are slowly being replaced by shading trees.
"Trees must be as large as possible to provide shade, but if they are planted too densely it can also cause trouble and have to be trimmed frequently, and there will always be a year or two without providing shade," Sanchez said.
Therefore, large tree species should be planted 10 to 12 meters apart, and smaller shrubs should be planted in between.
(Editor: Qiao Yiqiong, Yang Di)
Related News

Vertical gardens further impact mental health positively.

Title:

Content: University of Tokyo and Water House Launch Joint Research on Biodiversity and Health
World ’ s first study on the relationship between biodiversity-rich landscaping and health / well-being
Application of Sekisui House ’ s Gohon no Ki concept to detached homes (Photo: Business Wire)
OSAKA, Japan -- (BUSINESS WIRE) -- The Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences (GSALS) of the University of Tokyo and Sekisui House, Ltd. will launch a joint research project on biodiversity and human health on December 1, 2022.
The project will investigate the benefits of biodiversity and the urban natural environment for human health and well-being.
This world-first initiative will comprehensively investigate the impact of residents ’ interactions with the nearby biodiversity-rich garden environment on residents ’ health and their attitudes and behaviour towards nature.
The Conservation Ecology Laboratory, part of the GSALS Ecosystem Research Department at the University of Tokyo, is engaged in research on urban biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services management (the benefits of ecosystems for human society).
Since 2016, the lab has been studying the relationship between nature and human health, and its research shows that interactions with nature can improve human health and well-being.
However, the question of how these health benefits vary according to nature's quality rather than quantity has not been explored.
There are two ways to interact with nature, one is the frequency of experiencing the green environment first hand and the other is viewing the green plants from the window of your home. In 2020, the Conservation Ecology Laboratory of GSALS at the University of Tokyo investigated the impact of these two types of interactions on the mental health of urban residents (self-esteem, life satisfaction, happiness, depression / anxiety symptoms and loneliness).
The results of the study showed that people who often go out to experience green nature and those who live in houses with green views both reported better mental health status.2 This suggests that people can enjoy the psychological benefits of nature in their own homes, even if they are not physically exposed to the natural environment.
In the accompanying chart, the size of the positive (right side of the dotted line) and negative (left side of the dotted line) effects indicates that each factor has a positive or negative relationship to each mental health measure.
For example, “green vision ” was associated with low levels of depression and anxiety symptoms, while“ the impact of COVID-19 on income ” was associated with high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms.
Analysis of the results showed that the effect of experiencing nature on mental health was the same as that of traditional factors such as income.
The Gohon no Ki project is a proposal to create gardens and communities using local tree species.
Since 2001, the project has been used to create green networks in urban neighbourhoods to protect biodiversity.
A joint study conducted since 2019 by Seizaki House and Kubota Laboratory of Ryukyu University and Think Nature Inc. shows that planting native garden trees in line with the Gohon no Ki project improves biodiversity in urban areas (Japan ’ s three largest metropolitan areas) where there is a significant decline in biodiversity.
This new joint research project will combine analytical methods developed by the GSALS Conservation Ecology Laboratory at the University of Tokyo with the Gohon no Ki Project for Aquatic Houses for biodiversity conservation, the first attempt to scientifically investigate the impact of biodiversity garden greening on human health and well-being worldwide.
The study also aims to demonstrate the importance of creating biodiversity-rich gardens compared to simple “green plantations ” from a biodiversity perspective.
The Conservation Ecology Laboratory of the GSALS at the University of Tokyo tested five hypotheses on the relationship between human health and natural interactions on the topics of mental health, physical health, cognitive function, and community health.
For now, the new joint research project will focus on two hypotheses related to mental health, as well as one related to cognitive function.
However, this is a long-term joint research project that will also examine community health and other health-related topics.
Hypothesis
Themes
Hypothesis
Mental health
1
People who interact with nature in the garden have fewer negative emotions (depression, anxiety symptoms, stress, etc.) and more positive emotions (quality of life, happiness, etc.).
2
People who can see nature through the window are in better mental health.
Cognitive function
3
Interacting with nature in the garden can improve cognitive function.
Community Health
4
Interacting with nature in the garden contributes to the health of the community.
Good health.
5
Exercising in the natural environment has more health benefits than exercising indoors.
Masashi Soga, associate professor at the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, commented on the joint research project as follows.
“People always look to nature for relaxation and tranquillity, and recent research and technological advances have made it possible to quantify this intangible health benefit. ”
However, little is known about the role that biodiversity plays in providing these health benefits.
If we can articulate this theme, we may be able to develop the kind of landscape and green space management that supports coexistence with nature, because it is desirable from the point of view of protecting biodiversity and improving human health.
This joint research project is a large-scale survey of the effects of interacting with nature in the garden on our health and well-being.
Gardens are perhaps the nature most familiar to most of us, and their biodiversity is an area that has hitherto been difficult to study, but data on the planting of standing water houses across the country will help us investigate for the first time the relationship between garden biodiversity and human health and the way people appreciate nature and interact with it.
So far, discussions about nature ’ s health benefits have tended to focus on relatively large areas of greenery, such as green spaces and forests, but with this new study, we hope to shed light on the importance of truly ‘ living with nature ’.
Our research will hopefully help promote the conservation of urban biodiversity, "he said.
The University of Tokyo ’ s GSALS and Water Houses study how interactions with nearby nature in urban environments affect people ’ s mental health and the way they appreciate and interact with nature, with the aim of contributing to the conservation of urban biodiversity and the creation of nature-positive societies by sharing these findings.
Annotation
1.
Soga Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo: https: / / www.masashi-soga.com /
2.
A room with green views: The importance of the natural environment for mental health in the vicinity during the COVID-19 pandemic: https: / / esajjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com / doi / 10.1002 / eap.2248
3.
Sekisui House Biodiversity Conservation Initiative: https: / / www.sekisuihouse.co.jp / gohon _ sp /
4.
Sekisui House: https: / / www.sekisuihouse.co.jp / gohon _ sp / method /
Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo
The Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences of the University of Tokyo offers a step-by-step and systematic applied science education in the field of agriculture.
The Graduate School aims to develop, through educational and research activities, talents with insight, practical ability and leadership qualities that enable them to meet the needs of the global community through social, cultural and industrial activities.
Gohon no Ki project for standing water houses
The Gohon no Ki project is based on the concept of planting five native trees (three for birds and two for butterflies) and is modeled on the traditional Japanese Riyama landscape, proposing native tree species suitable for the local climate and beneficial to birds, butterflies and other local animals. Green gardens and local communities.
Since the launch of the Gohon no Ki project in 2001, the number of trees planted in standing water houses has reached 18.1 million (as of January 2022), of which 1.01 million were planted in FY2021.
Since 2019, the company has been working with Kubota Laboratory of Ryukyu University and Think Nature Co., Ltd. to quantitatively assess the contribution of networked greening to urban biodiversity. In 2021, the company developed the world ’ s first mechanism to quantitatively assess urban biodiversity using tree numbers, species, location data and ecosystem big data to determine the effectiveness of biodiversity conservation and publish it as a “Nature for Good Method ”.
Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo
1.
Soga et al. (2017) Gardening is beneficial for health: a meta-analysis.
Preventive Medicine Reports, 5, 92-99. (Soga et al. (2017) Horticulture benefits for health: a meta-analysis.
Preventive Medicine Report, 5, 92-99.)
Website: https: / / www.sciencedirect.com / science / article / pii / S2211335516301401
Overview: A meta-analysis (a statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple scientific studies and analyses whether a factor is relevant to a particular problem) confirms that horticulture and plant interactions have a positive impact on human health
2.
Soga, Gaston (2016) Extinction of experience: the loss of human - nature interactions.
Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 14, 94-101. (Soga, Gaston. (2016) Extinction of Experience: The Loss of Human Interaction with Nature.
Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 14, 94-101.)
Website: https: / / esajjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com / doi / full / 10.1002 / fee.1225
Summary: A study suggests that in many developed countries, human interaction with nature is declining, and that this “disappearance of experience ” could have serious negative consequences for human health and the protection of ecosystems.
3.
Soga et al. (2020) How can we mitigate against increasing biophobia among children during the extinction of experience?
Biological Conservation, 242, 108420.
(Soga et al. (2020) How can we alleviate children ’ s growing biophobia in the process of experiencing disappearance? Bio Preservation, 242, 108420.)
Website: https: / / www.sciencedirect.com / science / article / pii / S0006320719309577
Summary: A study shows that people who do not interact with nature regularly are more likely to have negative reactions (fear, aversion) to common insects and other invertebrates.
Disclaimer: The original version of this announcement is the official authorized version. The translation is for convenience only. Please refer to the original version, the original version is the only version with legal effect.
Contacts
TSUKI HOUSE CO., LTD.
sekisuihouse-pr @ actioinc.jp
+ 81-3-5771-6426
Contacts
TSUKI HOUSE CO., LTD.
sekisuihouse-pr @ actioinc.jp
+ 81-3-5771-6426

Research from the University of Tokyo and Sekisui House’s Gohon no Ki project shows that both direct interaction with biodiverse green spaces and even simply viewing greenery from home windows associate with improved psychological wellbeing: reduced depression, anxiety, and loneliness; increased happiness and life satisfaction.

These effects rival traditional socioeconomic factors like income.

Title:

Content: University of Tokyo Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences (GSALS) and Sekisui House, Ltd.
A joint research project on biodiversity and human health was launched on 1 December 2022 to investigate the benefits of biodiversity and the urban natural environment for human health / well-being.
This will be the world ’ s first comprehensive study of the impact on residents ’ health of interacting with the natural environment of a nearby biodiversity-rich garden, as well as their attitudes and behaviors towards nature.
The Conservation Ecology Laboratory of the GSALS Department of Ecosystem Studies at the University of Tokyo conducts research on the conservation of urban biodiversity and the management of ecosystem services (benefits of ecosystems to human society).
The lab has been studying the relationship between nature and human health since 2016.
Its research shows that interaction with nature can improve human health / well-being.
However, the question of how these health benefits vary according to nature ’ s quality rather than quantity has not been explored.
In 2020, the lab investigated how two ways of interacting with nature (i.e., the frequency of green space use and viewing green plants from a home window) affect the mental health of city dwellers (self-esteem, life satisfaction, happiness, depression / anxiety symptoms, and loneliness).
The results of the study show that not only are people who regularly use green space, but also those who live in houses with green views have better mental health.
This shows that even if people can ’ t be in a green space, the natural landscape of their own home can be beneficial for their mental health.
In the figure, the size of the positive (right side of the dotted line) and negative (left side of the dotted line) effects indicates that there is a positive or negative relationship between each factor and each mental health indicator.
For example, “green landscape ” was associated with low levels of depression and anxiety symptoms, while“ Covid-19 impact on income ” was associated with high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms.
Analysis of the results suggests that experiencing nature can affect mental health to the same extent as factors such as income that have traditionally been considered important for mental health.
Since 2001, Sekisui House has been committed to preserving biodiversity by building a green network in urban residential areas through its “Gohon no Ki ” (Five Trees) Project.
The project is a project that aims to build gardens and communities with native tree species in the relevant area. Since 2019, it has been working with Kubota Laboratory and Think Nature Inc.
Joint research has shown that the Gohon no Ki project ’ s emphasis on planting native garden trees has led to improvements in biodiversity in urban areas (three major metropolitan areas in Japan) where there has been a significant decline in biodiversity.
This new joint research project will combine analytical methods developed by the GSALS Conservation Ecology Laboratory at the University of Tokyo with the Gohon no Ki Project at Sekisui House to conserve biodiversity.
It is also the first attempt to scientifically study the impact of biodiversity landscaping on human health and well-being.
The study will also demonstrate the importance of building biodiversity gardens from a biodiversity perspective, rather than simply “greening. ”
The lab is conducting research to test five hypotheses about the relationship between human health and interaction with nature under the themes of mental health, physical health, cognitive function and community health.
For now, the new joint research project will focus on two hypotheses related to mental health, as well as one related to cognitive function.
However, this is a long-term joint research project that will also examine community health and other health-related topics.
Masashi Soga, associate professor of GSALS at the University of Tokyo, commented on the joint research project as follows: “People always turn to nature for relaxation and tranquility, and recent research and technological advances have made it possible to quantify these intangible health benefits.
However, little is known about the role of biodiversity in providing these health benefits.
If we can elucidate this issue, perhaps we can develop appropriate landscape and green space management to support harmonious coexistence with nature, which is desirable both from the point of view of protecting biodiversity and enhancing human health. "
“This joint research project is a large-scale survey designed to examine how interacting with nature in our gardens affects our health and well-being, as gardens are probably the natural world most familiar to most of us. ”
Garden biodiversity is an area that has so far been difficult to study, but Sekisui House ’ s nationwide planting data will allow us to conduct the world ’ s first comprehensive survey of the relationship between garden biodiversity and human health, and the way people appreciate nature and interact with it.
So far, the discussion of nature ’ s health benefits has tended to focus on relatively large areas of greenery such as green spaces and forests, but with this new study, we hope to shed light on the importance of actually ‘ living with nature ’.
Our research will hopefully help promote the conservation of urban biodiversity, "he said.
GSALS and Sekisui House at the University of Tokyo aim to contribute to the conservation of urban biodiversity and the building of a nature-friendly society by sharing findings about how the way people interact with nearby nature in an urban environment and how people appreciate and interact with nature affects people ’ s mental health.

The presence of plants enhances occupant comfort, reduces stress, and fosters restorative environments.

Title:

Content: Planting, Watering and Healing: Surprising Health Benefits of Indoor Plants

The grass isn't always greener. Since the early 80's, scientists have studied the biophilia hypothesis – that seeing plants is beneficial to our physical and mental health. With increased urbanization, exacerbated by lockdowns due to a global pandemic, it's becoming harder and harder to ‘go out and get some air.'

The indoor plant market, already spiking in 2019, continues to surge – expected to grow exponentially in the coming years.

A study released by Data Bridge Market Research estimates the indoor plant market will reach $26.23 billion by 2029. The physical and mental health benefits of succulents and other indoor houseplants are important factors.

Many people may be surprised to discover the lesser-known benefits of indoor gardens, but experienced horticulturalists and gardeners have been advocating for the expansion of home gardens for decades.

Stress and Anxiety Reduction

The addition of real or artificial indoor plants has become a standard practice in many offices, hospitals, schools, and other institutions. According to researchers, just seeing a living plant in the otherwise sterile hospital waiting room environment has been shown to reduce stress levels.

In another study, subjects were asked to repot a living plant or complete a computer-generated task. Those who handled the plants reported feeling more at ease and also experienced lower blood pressure. Participants who performed the computer-based task reported higher levels of anxiety and elevated blood pressure.

Maria Failla, Garden Expert and host of the Growing Joy with Plants podcast, shares, “When I was struggling with depression, it was helpful for me to keep plants indoors that helped me get out of my head and drop into the present. I'd see how many senses I could engage while taking 3 mindful breaths alongside my plants. Scented plants like herbs and geraniums are amazing for this. I love the rose-scented geranium for its romantic scent and the fuzzy leaves I could rub, pinch and take deep inhales with.”

Speed Up The Healing Process

A number of indoor houseplants, such as snake plants, orchids, and spider plants, have natural air purification qualities. Others improve a room’s humidity level or deliver a soothing fragrance. Microgreens also provide essential nutrients, making them ideal for patients in recovery.

Even seeing an indoor houseplant can improve a recovering patient’s mental and emotional state. One study concluded that installing indoor gardens in hospital rooms and public areas positively impacted overall recovery times and patient satisfaction.

Improve Mood During Isolation

The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent household quarantines created a spike in indoor plant sales as many consumers discovered the natural air purification benefits of succulents and other plant species. Indoor gardening also provided isolated households with an activity that could be performed safely while under quarantine.

A study conducted in Bulgaria concluded that participants who maintained a home garden or raised houseplants had fewer incidents of anxiety or depression during enforced lockdowns than others who did not invest in plants or other greenery.

Cassidy Tuttle, gardening expert and owner of Succulents and Sunshine, observes, “Succulents are great plants for people who have depression. They don't require as much work as other plants, so they can tolerate the ups and downs that frequently come with depression. They stay looking healthy even if they're not watered regularly. Haworthiopsis fasciata, Zebra Plant, is an especially good option for indoor plants because it doesn't require a lot of light or water.”

Best Entry-Level Houseplants For Starting Indoor Gardens

Annie Schreck, Research Director at Mountain Crest Gardens, offers some insights and recommendations for beginners. “At Mountain Crest Gardens, we hear back from customers all the time that filling their homes and offices with succulents brightens their mood every day. The studies I have seen in this realm indicate that having plants around can correlate with improved student performance in classrooms and reductions in stress and sick days in workplaces. I certainly hope more researchers investigate these complex human-plant interactions.

Schreck adds, “There’s something about having other living creatures in a room that makes it feel cozy and inviting. Caring for them and seeing them respond is just so rewarding. And the great thing is, everyone gets to explore which varieties lift their mood the most! If you’re not sure where to start, I’d recommend indoor succulents like Haworthia, Jade plants, and Gasteria.”

Snake Plants

Snake plants (Sansevieria trifasciata)—also known as mother-in-law’s tongue— are thick-leaved succulents prized for their resilience and tolerance for drought. They grow well under low-light conditions, which makes them ideal for indoor gardens and room decor.

One major health benefit of snake plants is natural air purification. This goes beyond the standard absorption of carbon dioxide, however. Snake plants also remove and filter toxic gases such as benzene, xylene, and formaldehyde. They are also said to reduce headaches, improve respiration, and reduce eye irritations.

Microgreens

Microgreens such as broccoli, cabbage, and kale offer a wide range of health benefits, and their compact size makes them ideal for indoor gardens, especially hydroponics. Microgreens and fresh herbs provide home gardeners with flavorful aromatics and salad ingredients.

Among the many health benefits associated with microgreens are blood sugar regulation, vision protection, body weight reduction, and protection from anemia. Growing microgreens is also a highly recommended activity for those recovering from substance abuse since the plants provide the nutrition many addicts lack.

Orchids

While some orchid varieties have earned a reputation for being a challenge to grow, there are many varieties that require only minimal to moderate care. Besides their exceptional qualities as flowering plants, orchids are also natural air purifiers and oxygen generators. As part of a floral arrangement or as individual blooms, orchids have been shown in studies to reduce stress and improve mood.

Orchids are also recommended for people with sleep issues since the plant’s significant oxygen generation and aesthetic qualities both help create more soothing conditions at bedtime and during overnight hours.

Spider Plants

Spider plants have become popular houseplants for first-time home gardeners because of their child and pet-friendliness, ease of propagation, and exceptional air-purifying qualities. Beginning gardeners only need a small cutting from an existing spider plant to start their own projects.

The trailing leaves of a spider plant make it ideal for hanging baskets, a popular growing technique for limited spaces. The plant also raises the room’s humidity level, which helps address respiratory issues triggered by dry air conditions.

Peperomia Plants

 Because of their ability to thrive in drafty, dark, and humid locations in the home, peperomia plants are often referred to as “radiator plants”.  Peperomia plants are succulents, which means they are naturally resilient to abuse and require minimal maintenance.

Tinctures and other products derived from peperomia plants are used to address a range of medical ailments, including headaches, rheumatoid arthritis, and kidney issues. The plant also has antifungal and antioxidant properties.

Jade Plants

Another popular succulent for indoor gardens is the ornamental and medicinal jade plant. The jade plant’s distinctive round leaves have become associated symbolically with the acquisition of money and wealth. The jade plant’s appeal goes beyond the ornamental, however.

Products derived from the juice of the jade plant have been used in many cultures for the treatment of ailments including diabetes, skin wounds, digestive issues, and warts. In traditional Chinese culture, the presence of a jade plant also improves the flow of chi, or life force.

This article was produced by Media Decision and syndicated by Wealth of Geeks.

Indoor green walls and plants, including succulents, snake plants, orchids, and microgreens, have mood-lifting and stress-reducing effects and may accelerate health recovery.

Maintenance for vertical gardens varies by context.

Title:

Content: How to equip the territory around a private house: "helpers" and solutions
18.05.2023
10 min.
Adjacent territory
All “freshly baked ” and even“ experienced ” owners of suburban housing have to think about the question of how to equip the territory around a private house.
The task before them is not easy, because its design depends on what impression will make the main building and the site as a whole.
Successful landscape design of the yard of a private house will not only make possession respectable, but will also be able to turn it into the most comfortable place, a real pride of the owners.
However, before getting down to business, future designers need to get acquainted with the rules of decorating the adjacent territory, with the decorative elements used and with interesting ideas.
Landscaping and landscape design
It seems that these are synonyms, but it is not quite so.
The improvement of the site implies only technical work.
These include paving paths and sites, the construction and installation of a fence, gates, as well as preliminary preparation of the territory (drainage, communications, landscaping, etc.).
Landscape design is a more complex project, so it requires more serious costs.
In this case, we can talk about creativity, since the author has to choose a lot of plants, pavements, and various decorative elements.
Usually, the improvement of the adjacent territory is the prerogative of the engineer, and the landscape design is engaged in a designer or architect.
However, if the entire front of the work is going to be performed by the owners of the suburban area, then they should become "masters of all trades".
And in this case, the task before them is almost impossible.
Yes, if the territory is not very large, then they are quite able to cope on their own.
Almost “boundless space ” and many different ideas are a good reason to invite specialists.
Making the yard of a private house with his own hands: large elements-assistants
Those who have just completed the construction of the house, the most difficult, as they have yet to decide what to be on their site.
In this case, you need to get acquainted with the elements that will help make the pastime of the owners pleasant, and the rest complete.
The list of worthy candidates can include:
• gazebo, ideal option - a structure with any hearth and furniture for eating, it can be open or closed;
• canopy, which often turns into a comfortable summer kitchen, and "part-time" - in the dining room in the fresh air;
• swimming pool: it can also be open or closed, protected by a simple canopy, an “advanced ” pavilion, etc.
For families with small children, the best option would be an adjacent territory with a playground.
Possible elements:
• slides;
• carousels;
• rocking chairs;
• swing;
• sandboxes;
• suspended bridges, etc.
Multifunctional complex "for parents' rest" can be bought, and you can make such a saving design yourself.
In a small homemade area can enter a slide, swing, sandbox and horizontal bar.
Landscaping and landscaping of the territory in front of a private house: sequence
To imagine what work “waits ” for them ahead, future designers need to get acquainted with its stages.
There are a lot of them:
• cleaning of the house and territory after construction (repair);
• its zoning, construction of auxiliary facilities (gazebo, swimming pool, pond, fence, etc.);
• creation of garden paths, sites (paving stones, paving slabs,
• rubber coating for playgrounds);
• acquisition and delivery of fertile land, sand, gravel and fertilizers, the creation of a drainage system for the site;
• planting large plants and assembling decorative structures for gardening (arches, hedges, pergolas, trellis);
• creation of a lawn, flower beds (flower beds, rock gardens, rockeries, mixborders, etc.), planting stunted trees and shrubs.
The last stages are the design of children ’ s and / or sports grounds, recreation areas, installation of lighting devices and decorative elements.
Improvement of the territory of a private house: the first steps
It is not necessary to be a designer to create a paradise on earth in miniature.
In search of inspiration and good examples, you can:
• find special literature on the improvement of the territory at a private house;
• watch on TV programs dedicated to the landscape design of the adjacent territory.
Finally, you can just go to the Internet to find very successful, cute solutions that can be transferred to “your own soil ”.
Designing
From which side to approach the arrangement of the adjacent territory of a private house?
This question is not idle, because many owners do not even have an idea of   where to start such large-scale work.
The answer is simple: the first mandatory stage in almost any business is the preparation of a plan, a project.
In this case, its authors take into account several factors:
• relief of the territory;
• size and configuration of the site;
• availability of buildings, sites, pedestrian zones;
• location of the house and other buildings, trees, shrubs, etc.
To a greater extent, the choice of design option depends on the relief of the adjacent territory.
Not very serious drops will give a chance to relatively "painless" and quickly level the surface.
Otherwise, serious costs cannot be avoided.
A possible way out in such a situation is the creation of terraces with the help of retaining walls, stairs, etc.
These elements are often constructed of stone (gabions) or brick.
A large house area makes it possible to make real everything that its owners want to see at home.
And on the contrary: a modest plot is a reason to choose only what is extremely necessary for the family, but in this case, the owners have several solutions.
Adjustments to the layout can make the type of soil and too high level of groundwater.
The fact is that such a problem area may require an effective drainage system.
The adjacent territory should not only please the eye, but also be functional, as convenient and “friendly ” as possible, and for all family members without exception.
Therefore, when planning a yard near a private house, they are always interested in the opinion of each household and, if possible, take into account all his wishes.
Functions of the adjacent territory
First of all, the authors need to determine exactly which zones will be more attractive to all family members.
There are several potential options.
The owners can consider the following “candidates ”:
1.
Recreation area.
Most often it is located near a natural or artificial reservoir.
There is often installed a barbecue (barbecue, grill, simple brazier, etc.).
2.
Area given to plants.
Potential residents of the site are fruit trees, berry shrubs, thermophilic crops (greenhouse) or flowers (greenhouse).
3.
Areas designed for active recreation.
Here you can rightfully include the pool (inflatable, frame, concrete, brick, block), sports and children's playground.
In order to maximize the improvement of the territory around the private house, many owners build extensions to the main building.
Some owners prefer open verandas, others - terraces.
The latter objects can be located separately, away from the house: for example, on a natural elevation.
Possible location of zones
Even in a spacious adjacent territory, there may not be enough space for everything that the owners would like to build or equip.
In this case, there are several exits:
1.
If there is a lack of space in the suburban area, then several zones can be combined.
For example, a recreation area may be located next to fruit trees.
It can turn into a dining room.
2.
Veranda, terrace - structures that by default become landscaped places, under or without a roof.
However, some functions can take on even a relatively spacious porch.
There you can arrange a small recreation area.
The third potential option is very compact functional areas.
Potential elements of improvement of the territory of a private house
There is a lot of such decor, but it should be noted only those “man-made creatures ” that can be found in almost any area:
1.
A variety of compositions and decorations from plants - flower beds, hedges, pergolas, etc.
2.
Garden paths, paths.
They can be considered as separate decorative elements, but they are also demarcators of different areas of the yard.
For their improvement, natural stones and paving slabs (paving stones), pebbles, small gravel are used.
The most short-lived option would be a path made of tree cuts.
Not very tall plants are often used to fence pedestrian zones.
Other popular elements of landscape design include arches, swings, small fountains, fences, garden furniture, ceramic products for growing plants and garden figures.
Separately, it is necessary to mention the lighting devices that transform the adjacent territory in the dark.
They help to highlight its functional areas, paths and paths.
Autonomous LED lights become an ideal illumination for plants, decorative elements, fountains and ponds.
What should be on the site plan?
When working on the layout of the territory of a private house, the sketch must note:
• all buildings on the site, including those that are attached to the building;
• capital pools, which will require laying of pipes;
• compositions of plants and stones (rock gardens, rockeries);
• natural or artificial reservoirs (ponds);
• places for planting shrubs and trees;
• garden paths and platforms;
• places for future beds.
The plan should be marked fences, lighting and decorative elements.
Design stages
A beautiful adjacent territory in the future almost guarantees an appeal to professionals.
On the other hand, only the owners can take into account every detail, create a unique ensemble, make it as convenient, unique, non-standard.
Development of a design project of a suburban area consists of several stages:
1.
First of all, the plan is applied to those objects that are already available "in real".
Then add all the elements that the owners only plan to build.
First they mark the main building, then additional buildings.
It is a bath, swimming pool, gazebo, garage, greenhouse, terrace, etc.
2.
If the recreation area does not yet exist, then the central part of the adjacent territory is more often chosen for it.
However, a large area makes it possible to arrange it at a distance from the house: for example, in the shade of trees, near the (future) reservoir, at the maximum distance from the entrance gate.
3.
After the completion of these stages, they proceed to the definition of territories that will be given for planting, and places for an artificial reservoir.
Since we are talking about flower beds, in this case it is necessary to take into account that plants need certain conditions (light or shadow, protection from strong wind, etc.).
The swimming pool will require communications.
Last of all, they are developing a lighting project for the site.
The main objects include the entrance to the house (porch, veranda, terrace), garage gate.
In addition, often illuminate decorative elements, spectacular trees, stairs and paths.
Registration of the adjacent territory of a private house
In this case, there are quite a few ways.
Without some "decorators" does not do any suburban area, others are less common.
Live jewelry
Landscaping of the adjacent territory is considered one of the most important stages of its improvement.
Different types of plants are used for it - trees and various shrubs, flowers, ornamental cereals, etc. Possible decorations of the site - numerous spectacular flower beds, hedges, lawns, etc.
The most attractive for most owners engaged in gardening of the garden are spectacular "many-sided" flower beds, elevated alpine slides and more concise, high and strict stone gardens.
When decorating the territory with plants, be sure to pay attention to the combination of their colors, the height and flowering period.
In addition, several other important features of cultures are taken into account.
This is the period of their life (annual, biennial, perennial), thermophilicity or the ability to withstand the cold in winter, as well as the requirements for the conditions for growth and development - to the place (sun, shade), watering, soil, etc.
Varieties of flower beds
There are a lot of such compositions.
Among the popular applicants:
• Alpine slides and rockeries (stone gardens);
• monoflowerbeds (one culture, the color can be different);
• monochrome flower beds (different flowers, inflorescences of the same color or one, close shade).
Other popular varieties of living decor are arabesques, borders, rabatki, mixborders and modular flower beds that require a relatively large area.
Possible green decor
In landscape design, various decorative containers are actively used - cones, cubes, vases and flowerpots.
For “life ” they are suitable:
• conifers (their dwarf varieties);
• thermophilic plants (brugmansia, camellia, citrus fruits);
• various herbs (lavender, marjoram and thyme, rosemary, savory).
Recently, vertical gardening is gaining popularity.
This is the name of a composition consisting of a supporting element and plants.
The support for such a spectacular decoration can be an arch, a fence, a grid, a wall, a column, a grid, a trellis and even a dry tree.
More often, climbing plants are used for these structures.
The same type of living decoration includes hanging compositions, for which various containers are used (vases, pipes, containers).
Potential crops for vertical gardening:
• Actinidia colomicta and grapes (Amur, maiden);
• sweet peas and caprifol (honeysuckle), clematis;
• Chinese lemongrass, nasturtium and climbing rose;
• pumpkin and beans (decorative), hops ordinary.
Plants can be annual or perennial.
The optimal solution is considered a combination of these cultures, since annuals make a variety, bloom lush, bright and relatively long.
If there is a natural or artificial reservoir on the site, then moisture-loving plants are often planted on its banks.
The frame for it can be astilba, brunner, mountain snake (snake), darmera, verbeinik, garden geranium, creeping zhivuchka, marsh kaluzhnitsa, Siberian iris, sedge, fern or host.
Organization of places for rest
It must be said that this zone is one of the most important zones that makes rest pleasant, relaxing, useful.
And in this case, the leaders of sympathy are several applicants.
Arbor
Such small but functional buildings can be open or closed.
The first structures are used only in the warm season, the second can serve the owners all year round.
Some gazebos have a rather modest size, they are designed for 5-6 people.
Other buildings can accommodate up to 18-20 vacationers.
Inside each structure there are chairs (benches) and a table.
Mangal zone
The most popular option is a protected hearth located under a canopy or in a gazebo.
However, there are also “fire zones ” left under the open sky.
To ensure the safety of holidaymakers, the space near the grill (grill, barbecue, stove) laid out non-combustible material.
To protect the floor, paving, porcelain tiles are often used, for walls - brick, clinker (terracotta) tiles, etc. As a rule, any focus is located at a considerable distance from trees and shrubs.
Water objects
Swimming pools are built or purchased for recreation on hot days.
Small reservoirs (ponds, fountains, waterfalls) give a chance to find "reservoirs" in miniature, even in areas of modest area.
They can be an ornament, but any water source can solve several problems.
Water bodies increase the humidity of the air, level (visually) not quite perfect relief, and also serve as drainage with excess moisture in the area.
Swings
This attribute of country life is no less popular.
Garden swing can be seen in almost every area.
They allow you to relax, read or sleep comfortably.
Such designs are easiest to buy, but they can be assembled with their own hands.
No doubt, on how to equip the territory around a private house, no one will tell better than someone who has been doing it for a long time.
For example, a useful and very informative guide can be the following popular video:
The video is loading...
Was the article helpful?
We want to be better.
Thanks for the opinion!
Tags:
improvement of the adjacent territory
How to arrange the area around a private house

Indoor green walls generally require controlled watering systems (often automated drip or hydroponic irrigation), periodic pruning, nutrient management, and pest control.

Title:

Content: 5 Common Indoor Gardening Challenges And Their Solutions

Saloni Singh
Updated on Jan 22, 2024, 19:36 IST- 5 min read

Indoor gardening is a wonderful way to bring nature into your home and enjoy the benefits of growing plants all year round. However, it comes with its own set of challenges that can sometimes discourage even the most experienced gardeners. In this article, we will explore five common indoor gardening challenges and provide practical solutions to help you overcome them.

The Growing Trend of Indoor Gardening

In recent years, indoor gardening has gained immense popularity among plant enthusiasts. It allows individuals to create a green oasis within the comfort of their homes, regardless of the outdoor climate. However, indoor gardening comes with its own unique challenges that require careful attention and solutions to ensure the thriving growth of your plants.

Unsplash/Representational Image

Challenge 1: Insufficient Light

One of the most common challenges faced by indoor gardeners is the lack of sufficient light. Since natural sunlight is limited indoors, providing adequate light for your plants becomes crucial. Insufficient light can lead to weak growth, leggy stems, and poor flowering.

Solution: To overcome this challenge, you can consider the following solutions:

Place your plants near windows with the brightest light exposure.

Use artificial grow lights, such as fluorescent or LED lights, to supplement the natural light.

Rotate your plants regularly to ensure all sides receive equal light exposure.

Challenge 2: Temperature Control

Maintaining the right temperature for your indoor garden can be a tricky task. Fluctuations in temperature can affect plant growth and overall health. Extreme heat or cold can cause stress and even lead to plant damage.

Solution: Here are some solutions to help you maintain optimal temperature levels:

Identify the temperature requirements of your plants and adjust the indoor environment accordingly.

Use thermostats or temperature-controlled devices to regulate the temperature.

Place plants away from drafts and heating or cooling sources that may cause sudden temperature changes.

Unsplash/Representational Image

Challenge 3: Proper Watering Techniques

Watering plants is a fundamental aspect of gardening, but it can be challenging to strike the right balance. Overwatering or underwatering can have detrimental effects on plant health and growth.

Solution: Follow these guidelines for proper watering:

Learn the specific watering needs of each plant in your indoor garden.

Check the moisture level of the soil before watering.

Provide adequate drainage to prevent waterlogged roots.

Challenge 4: Pest Infestations

Indoor plants are not immune to pests. Common pests, such as aphids, mealybugs, and spider mites, can quickly infest your indoor garden if left unchecked. These pests can weaken your plants and hinder their growth.

Solution: Implement the following measures to tackle pest infestations:

Regularly inspect your plants for signs of pests.

Use organic pest control methods, such as neem oil or insecticidal soap.

Isolate affected plants to prevent the spread of pests.

Challenge 5: Limited Space

One of the significant challenges of indoor gardening is dealing with limited space. As your plant collection grows, finding suitable areas to accommodate them becomes increasingly difficult.

Solution: Here are some solutions for optimizing limited space:

Utilize vertical space by hanging plants or using wall-mounted planters.

Choose compact plant varieties or those that can be trained to grow vertically.

Group plants with similar needs together to make the most of available space.

Unsplash/Representational Image

Indoor gardening offers a rewarding experience, but it requires addressing common challenges effectively. By understanding the obstacles like insufficient light, temperature control, proper watering techniques, pest infestations, and limited space, you can create a thriving indoor garden. Implementing the suggested solutions will help you overcome these challenges and enjoy the beauty of nature within your home.

FAQs

1. How often should I water my indoor plants? The watering frequency depends on various factors such as plant type, size, and environmental conditions. It is best to check the moisture level of the soil before watering to ensure it is neither too dry nor waterlogged.

2. Can I use regular household lights for indoor gardening? Regular household lights are not sufficient for promoting healthy plant growth. It is recommended to use specialized grow lights, such as fluorescent or LED lights, to provide adequate light intensity and spectrum for your plants.

3. What are some natural remedies for pest control in indoor gardens? Several natural remedies can help control pests in indoor gardens. Neem oil, insecticidal soap, and homemade vinegar sprays are effective in combating common pests. However, always follow the instructions and test them on a small portion of the plant before widespread application.

4. How can I make the most of limited space in my indoor garden? To maximize limited space, consider utilizing vertical space by hanging plants or using wall-mounted planters. Choose compact plant varieties or those that can be trained to grow vertically. Grouping plants with similar needs together can also help optimize space.

5. Can I grow vegetables indoors? Yes, you can grow a variety of vegetables indoors. Leafy greens like lettuce and herbs like basil are well-suited for indoor cultivation. Tomatoes, peppers, and microgreens are also popular choices for indoor vegetable gardening.

In conclusion, indoor gardening comes with its own set of challenges, but with the right knowledge and strategies, you can overcome them. By addressing the issues of insufficient light, temperature control, proper watering, pest infestations, and limited space, you can create a thriving indoor garden that brings beauty and serenity to your home. Remember to adapt the solutions to suit your specific plant needs and enjoy the benefits of a flourishing indoor garden.

Outdoor walls face more exposure challenges, requiring durable substrates and potentially more active maintenance to address weather, pests, and seasonal growth cycles.

Title:

Content: How to turn a roof into a garden – successfully

We’re sorry, this feature is currently unavailable. We’re working to restore it. Please try again later.

Advertisement

How to turn a roof into a garden – successfully

By Megan Backhouse

To look at Andy Beales digging up Jerusalem artichokes and weeding around kale you wouldn’t think he was pushing boundaries. Like any sensible food grower he is shredding garden waste to speed up his composting and laying down straw to encourage worms. His shovel and wheelbarrow sit at the ready. But here’s the thing that I haven’t yet mentioned: he is on a roof – the roof of a suburban shopping centre, no less.

“It’s not like a normal farm where you can just whack in a star picket to make a climbing frame for your tomatoes,” Beales says. “If you want to bring in a cubic metre of compost, you’ve first got to think about the capacity of your goods lift.”

A normal farm this Burwood Brickworks rooftop might not be but it is a sign of what farms might yet become. As for what public parks might become, look no further than the manicured shrubs and timber day beds nestled in the sky between office towers in Collins Street. At the “Skypark”, the lawn is so green and so perfectly uniform that, when I visited this week, I had to touch it to check it was real.

Both these green roofs are mentioned in the new Maintenance Guidelines For Australian Green Roofs, which refocus our attention on an age-old idea that, after about a decade of active research, is starting to get a new foothold in Melbourne.

In the face of climate change, the biodiversity emergency and increasing urban density, green roofs can help make cities less destructive and more climate-resilient. They are cooling and biodiversity increasing. They reduce stormwater run-off, improve air quality and provide people with the pure pleasure of vegetation.

But only if they are well managed. Ignore them and they are doomed to failure. You might say this is true of every garden. But it is especially the case with landscapes on roofs, where almost nothing comes about by chance.

Green roofs are engineered “systems” with specially designed waterproofing, protection and drainage layers. The plants are growing in carefully concocted substrates applied at specific depths. The plants themselves are chosen to ensure they can cope with conditions off the ground.

The new maintenance guidelines, written by the University of Melbourne’s John Rayner, Elspeth Lumsden and Rachael Bathgate, detail how to manage all this in the local climate.

Advertisement

They discuss the need for safe access, for ensuring all the different green roof layers remain intact and for managing effective irrigation and drainage. They emphasise the importance of understanding how plants – including weeds – behave differently on roofs compared to the ground.

Some of this is as simple as maintaining adequate substrate depth and not using hand tools with sharp points or edges that might pierce underlying layers. Some things – like cutting back plants that start to overly dominate – are similar to what you would do on the ground. But other tasks, such as removing woody weeds that develop potentially damaging taproots, can take on new urgency.

The key is to nail down how you will tend the roof from when it is first being designed, and then to stick to the schedule and also monitor the space regularly. While the guidelines, which can be downloaded for free, are largely aimed at those in planning, design, maintenance and management roles, they are relevant for anyone thinking about installing vegetation on the roof of their own home.

Although there have always been enthusiasts like Brod Street, who, about a decade ago conducted his own research and installed a beguiling grassland on top of his 1890s Hawthorn brick cottage – then added a successful “wetland” in 2019 and then a high-yielding vegetable patch on top of his backyard shed in January this year – there are lots of potential pitfalls for the uninitiated.

Even for the experienced some green roofs are easier to manage than others. The guidelines detail how much more care is required for the sort of productive roof currently being tended by Beales at the Burwood Brickworks, for example, compared with a lightweight, restricted-access one predominantly composed of low-growing succulents. To guarantee success, it’s crucial to tailor the maintenance plan to the site.

“There have been some really sad disasters around Melbourne,” Rayner says. “I am a fan of green roofs but I am a fan of successful green roofs. There is no point installing these things if they are not going to be sustained successfully. These are living landscapes that need maintenance planned into their design and management.”

Maintenance Guidelines For Australian Green Roofs can be downloaded for free from girg.science.unimelb.edu.au.

Make the most of your health, relationships, fitness and nutrition with our Live Well newsletter. Get it in your inbox every Monday.

Most Viewed in Lifestyle

Loading

Technological solutions like robot-assisted inspections and plant health monitoring—as demonstrated in Singapore’s Expo 2020 Pavilion—are emerging to streamline upkeep.

Title:

Content: We are currently in Beta version and updating this search on a regular basis. We’d love to hear your feedback here.

Singapore's Pavilion at Expo 2020 Dubai Illustrates the Vision of Architecture in Nature

Singapore's Pavilion at Expo 2020 Dubai Illustrates the Vision of Architecture in Nature

The Singapore Pavilion for Expo 2020 Dubai illustrates the city's aspiration towards a sustainable future that merges architecture, nature, technology and culture. Under the title "Nature.Nurture.Future", the pavilion designed by WOHA Architects and landscape design practice Salad Dressing showcases a sample of Singapore's urban environment that epitomizes its City in Nature vision. The multi-layered green space creates a self-sufficient ecosystem highlighting ideas of sustainability and resilience through the marriage of technology and nature.

+ 15

This contribution to Expo Dubai speaks of Singapore's focus on nurturing a sustainable future, showcasing the possibilities of integrating nature within urban environments. Featuring more than 170 varieties of plants from diverse habitats in Singapore and set within different layers of greenery, from hanging gardens to vertical walls, the pavilion creates a tridimensional green space, taking visitors through tropical rainforests, mangrove areas and forest streams. Potable water produced through the on-site solar desalination process is used for drip irrigation, minimizing water consumption.

To carry for the greenery, the pavilion uses three prototype climbing robots that traverse the green walls, inspect the plants' health, and collect e environmental data. Developed by Singapore-based start-up Oceania Robotics, the robots represent a possible solution for maintaining vertical and skyrise gardens, very common in Sin Singapore's contemporary architecture.

Related Article

Grimshaw Architects Designs Sustainability Pavilion at Expo 2020 Dubai

The pavilion will feature various multimedia experiences depicting environmental challenges and Singapore's approach to tackling them. The program of events features talks exploring the future of cities, digital exhibits, as well as film screenings and light shows. A curated selection of activities will be available online, allowing people unable to travel to the Expo to experience the project virtually.

Debuting on October 1st, Expo 2020 Dubai brings together an array of national contributions, educational institutions and businesses exploring the theme "Connecting Minds, Creating the Future", with a strong focus on sustainability.

Image gallery

See allShow less
About this author
Cite: Andreea Cutieru. "Singapore's Pavilion at Expo 2020 Dubai Illustrates the Vision of Architecture in Nature" 29 Sep 2021. ArchDaily. Accessed . <https://www.archdaily.com/969262/singapores-pavilion-at-expo-2020-dubai-illustrates-the-vision-of-architecture-in-nature> ISSN 0719-8884

You've started following your first account!

Did you know?

You'll now receive updates based on what you follow! Personalize your stream and start following your favorite authors, offices and users.

Plant selection depends strongly on climate and microclimate conditions.

Title:

Content: The flower bed of perennials: the rules of creation, beautiful plants and their combinations
19.05.2022
12 min.
Landscape design
Registration of the yard of a private house is a mandatory stage.
The same is true for dachas: the time when these areas were intended only for growing crops has long passed into oblivion.
Now part of any adjacent territory is occupied by flower beds: large or small, high or low.
Most owners prefer to create beds from perennials.
Such a living decor transforms the garden, pleases and inspires the owners throughout the season.
If you follow the rules of creating flower beds, know the features of the placement of plants, then you can get a flower bed with perennials that will bloom continuously.
However, before starting work, future designers will have to learn a lot of useful information, as well as get acquainted with the schemes of spectacular flower beds from perennials.
Flowers from perennials: their pros and cons
The popularity of such compositions has won rightfully, since the planting of perennial flower crops guarantees:
• decorative flower beds throughout the season;
• the ability to grow medicinal plants on the site;
• unpretentiousness of plants due to the ability to tolerate low temperatures;
• ease of care: with proper planting, weed control is minimized;
• savings: gardeners do not have to spend annually on seeds or buy seedlings;
• the chance to create a flower garden in almost any part of the site: perennials are not so capricious, so they can grow in the shade, on sandy soil, in the lowland, etc.
The most important advantage of such compositions is their dynamism due to the change of flowering plants.
For the beds of spectacular perennials is very interesting to watch.
This occupation is unlikely to bore anyone, because throughout the season the flower picture will constantly change.
A successful scheme of perennial flower beds makes it possible not to make adjustments to the order of planting crops for a long time.
On the other hand, such a flower garden can be diversified by bright annual plants.
Disadvantages of incredibly colorful compositions are difficult to find.
A relative disadvantage can be considered a reduced decorativeness of flower beds after planting.
The reason is understandable: first, the root system of plants develops intensively.
However, the next year, flower beds from perennials will amaze their owners with lush flowering.
Flower beds with perennials: the choice of suitable plants
When searching for ideal candidates, take into account the location of the site under the flower garden, as well as:
• type of soil;
• degree of illumination;
• compatibility of plants by color and type.
One of the main tasks for the creator of a flower bed of perennial flowers is the selection of candidates according to their preferences, since all plants in the flower garden should be comfortable.
For example, marshy soil is suitable for arunkus (volzhanka), calamus marsh and verbeinika, kaluzhnitsa, milkweed, garden chamomile (nivyanika) and yarrow.
Fertile land loves the bell, liatrice, lily, lupine, mallow.
Dry soil will not become a threat to gailardia, cloves, cosmea (Mexican aster), lavender, phlox, enotera.
Clay and loam will not be a problem for the growth and flowering of aquilegia (catchment), asters, daylilies, peonies and tulips.
The degree of illumination of flower beds with perennials is the second important factor.
Shadow and penumbra are suitable conditions for aquilegia, anemones, astilba, badan, geyhera (with dark foliage), lily of the valley, cuffs, primrose, as well as for ferns and host.
Sun-loving "pets" include:
• Adonis;
• helenium;
• heliopsis;
• Delphinium;
• Kniphofia;
• bell;
• lavender;
• lily and lily;
• monarch;
• chrysanthemum;
• rudbekiya;
• yarrow;
• meadow sage.
As for the compatibility of candidates, all selected plants must meet the requirements for soil, light, watering and nutrition.
Be sure to take into account the size of crops, and the speed of their growth.
They are also selected by color scheme.
In this case, the combination is chosen by the designer: the colors can be both contrasting and complementary.
Features of creating long-term compositions
The development of a flowerbed scheme and the creation of a flower garden of continuous flowering is equated with art, and for good reason.
When designing it, it is necessary to take into account how the composition will look in a certain period of time.
The ideal in this case is one - a flower bed that blooms throughout the summer: flowering plants replace those whose buds are just beginning to bloom.
Planning of flower beds from perennials begins after the completion of zoning of the territory.
When creating a living decoration, pay attention to several important points:
1.
Plants are selected for climatic conditions in the area.
All “residents ” of the flower beds should be comfortable.
2.
Complex relief makes it possible to correctly enter the flower garden, the lack of the site to turn into its dignity.
3.
Plants are better planted less often than usual.
If most seeds germinate, the crops can interfere with each other.
Not all flowers are suitable for the abundance of sun.
Those plants that love shade, it is better to plant in a flower garden next to the shrub, at the fence, etc.
Drawing up a plan and scheme of beds from perennials
Independent development of a flower garden from perennials is not an easy task, since sketches will require a lot.
The author needs to imagine and capture on paper what the flower bed will look like in each short period of time.
Ideally, it should be a month.
What can not be forgotten?
Beginner designers need to remember that some cultures after flowering do not look the best.
An example is bulbous varieties.
In order for the flower garden not to lose its attractiveness during this period, other plants should close the withering foliage.
Annual or biennial plants are considered as candidates for this role.
There is another important point - the impression that a composition should make.
The flower garden, located in the center of the site, must look spectacular from any angle.
The flowerbed, which is located at the fence or wall of the building, should be attractive to viewers who are in the house, or walking along the garden paths.
Candidates are selected for growth.
Plants should not block each other throughout the season.
Taking care of them is another important condition.
The ideal option is a flowerbed, allowing easy access to each culture.
Only in this case, watering, pruning or garter will not be a serious problem.
Tried, ready-made flower bed schemes
Creating a spectacular flower bed for a novice gardener often becomes an extremely difficult task.
Therefore, they can begin to study this art by good examples.
These can be called the following schemes of flower beds from perennials.
Types of flower beds from perennials
The first task of the site owners is to choose the shape, size and type of the future composition.
There are a lot of options to choose from.
Monoflower beds or monochrome flower beds
These are the simplest options for flowerbeds.
Monoflowerbeds - "monochromatic flower beds", which consist of only one species of plants, sometimes one variety.
Popular flowers for them are azaleas, asters, marigolds, irises, cannes, lavaters, daylilies, petunias and salvia.
A typical, self-sufficient mono-flowerbed is the rosary.
For it, you can use both monochrome and multicolored varieties of roses.
Monochrome decor is a flower bed in which there are cultures of the same color or shade.
Both compositions can have any shape.
The most popular are square, diamond-shaped, round and oval flower beds.
In a monochrome case, it is important to select plants so that the flower garden is decorative throughout the season.
Ringed
Such flower beds encircle an object or object.
Examples are wood, sculpture, gazebo, etc.
In this case, the cultures are planted traditionally, picking them up in height.
Inside the flower beds have the highest, on the outer radius - the shortest plants.
Carpet
This unusual and spectacular decor is characterized by a very dense landing.
Ideal candidates for carpet beds are dwarf plants that have multi-colored foliage.
Eligible candidates:
• dwarf (styloid) phlox;
• sourness (oxalis, clover of happiness);
• Alternator dust cover;
• obrieta (aubretia), stonecrops (sedum);
• sushenitsa (gnafalium), santolina.
Carpet flower beds from perennials are not the simplest decor, so it can be rarely seen in suburban areas.
Such compositions are very difficult to create, and caring for them is extremely time-consuming work, because a living carpet should always look impeccable.
Elevated
This is the name of flowers that rise above the surface of the earth.
Their height is 50-100 cm, width is a maximum of 150 cm. These parameters guarantee that the care of plants will not cause difficulties.
Elevated beds are universal.
They can be round and oval, square, rectangular, polygonal or multi-level.
Such flower beds are ideal for any place of the adjacent territory: the choice largely depends on the characteristics of a particular site.
Fences for "elevated compositions" are made of various materials.
The boxes are constructed from:
• stone, brick;
• concrete, concrete blocks;
• rods, logs, boards, rails;
• from metal mesh (gabions), etc.
For planting in flower beds, located in partial shade or in the shade, suitable ageratum, marigolds, verbena, lionfish, petunia and hosts.
Decorative cereals are often found in elevated flower beds.
Examples of effective “residents ”:
• gray fescue;
• giant grass;
• miscanthus (fan);
• blue prayer (blue cereal);
• evergreen sheep (helictotrichon);
• pennisetum (bristles bristles or shaggy);
• pampas grass (cortaderia).
Elevated compositions, framed by natural stones, can turn into an unusual alternative to rock gardens.
The role of emphasis in such flower beds is played by dwarf conifers - pine, spruce, juniper, yew, thuja.
To level the "severity" of the stone, low-growing alpine cultures are planted near the fence.
Upright
These are three-dimensional compositions that are created using a rigid frame.
Vases with flowers are fixed on it.
Such flower beds can be a voluminous figure, a screen or an arch.
Vertical flowers-walls are often used for zoning the site.
Floating
These are improvised islands that either drift along the water surface, or are constantly located in a certain place of the reservoir.
Such floating flower beds with perennials are not too difficult to create.
For planting plants, a light, floating base is used - a container with cells.
Among the possible candidates are structures made of wood, plastic or foam.
Before creating a box of lumber, all workpieces must be treated with water-repellent impregnation.
If ordinary containers are used, then small holes are drilled in the bottom first.
Then the container is covered with geotextile so that the covered soil remains in the floating flower garden.
Buoyancy such a bright island will be able to give mounting foam applied to the bottom, or several pieces of foam.
The most original option is the use of noodles (aquanoodles, "swimming sticks").
Plants with a surface root system, or moisture-loving crops, are planted in containers.
Potential "waterfowl" candidates for aqua beds:
• calamus marsh;
• astilba;
• geyhera;
• marsh iris;
• calla;
• reed;
• swimsuit;
• daylilies;
• bluegrass;
• sedge;
• furry;
• sundew;
• formium;
• host;
• jasnotka (deaf nettle).
To fix the floating flower bed in any place, a cable and an anchor are used.
To hide unattractive sides, they are decorated with moss, which easily tolerates high humidity.
A very unusual, spectacular solution - island flower beds decorated with LED lights.
Other types of living decor
Flower beds from perennials can have different sizes, shapes and area.
Living ornaments are of several types.
Mountain compositions
This category includes rock gardens and rockeries.
In such elements of landscape design take part lithophytes (petrophytes) and representatives of inanimate nature - stones.
The main role in rock gardens (alpine slides) is assigned to rock plants.
In the more gentle rockeries (stone gardens), they are only an addition to the composition of rocks.
Curbs
Ribbon flower beds are very narrow flower beds that become a bright frame for pedestrian and garden paths, for large flower beds, beds, etc. The best candidates for creating a "living border" are short, unpretentious and hardy perennials.
The classic parameters of such curb tapes: width - up to 50 cm, height - up to 40 cm.
Rabatki
These are “narrow flower beds or flower beds. ”
We have rabatki called rectangular long flower beds, or wide wavy ribbons.
They are broken along walls, fences or garden paths.
They can be unilateral and bilateral.
Plants in such a correct “bed ” are planted in a certain order, fragments of the pattern are more often repeated.
The maximum width is 3 m. Its length is at least 3 times the width, but this parameter is not limited.
Modular flower beds
Such clearly defined compositions consist of repeating sectors, each of them receives its own fence.
The advantages of modular decor are the possibility of combining annuals and perennials, shrubs, as well as the “participation ” of decorative crumbs (for example, marble or granite).
Each sector may be intended for only one variety of plants or decor.
The main disadvantage of such modular “paintings ” is the large area that they take away from the site.
Mixborders
"Mixed borders" are complex flower beds that consist of several rows and tiers.
They can be located at the house, at the fence, or in the center of the lawn.
Ornamental perennial plants in them guarantee continuous flowering from spring to autumn.
They are supplemented with annual and biennial cultures.
Symmetry, orderliness in the mixborder is not, their peculiarity is naturalness.
However, compliance with tiredness is mandatory.
In the background are the tallest plants, and low-growing flowers serve as a frame for them.
The space between “giants ” and“ dwarfs ” is given to medium-sized cultures.
"Lonely" solitaires
The simplest solution is to create a small, but spectacular flower-solitaire.
This decoration consists of only one ornamental plant.
These compositions are placed in the most prominent places of the sites so that they are perfectly visible from all sides.
This solution is chosen if you plan to create a flower bed in a small summer cottage, or in the garden, where there is not too much free space.
This option is likely to appeal to those owners who prefer conciseness and restraint in landscape design.
The role of the solitaire will be performed by trees, perennial tall applicants.
The “singles ” include:
• Arunkus (Volzhanka, Darmera);
• birch bark;
• violist;
• Veronica;
• Delphinium;
• canna;
• lupine;
• Malva;
• rodgersia;
• rudbekiya;
• cimicifuga (klopogon);
• peony;
• sconnik purple;
• phlox.
Other worthy candidates for a single flower garden are ornamental cereals and herbs.
For example, the adornment of the soloist is able to become a pink-flowered veinik, meadow foxtail, miscanthus, prayer, haired mulenbergia, sand elimus (pyreinik), mane barley.
Selection of plants
For beautiful beds of perennials, perennial, annual and biennial plants can be used.
Other popular candidates are herbaceous plants and ornamental cereals, which can become the main accent of the composition.
Cultures blooming in spring
These are usually bulbous plants.
The best option is those crops that do not require digging after flowering.
For decorating flower beds suitable gabranthus, crocuses, muscari (viper onions), daffodils, chionodox, cyclamen.
Tuber and rhizome perennials - anemone, brunner, kaluzhnitsa, frost, erantis (spring).
The decoration of the flower garden can be Veronica, irises, primrose, phlox styloid.
Plants that bloom in summer
The list of these colors is very extensive, so you can cite only a small part of the candidates.
Summer flowering plants include astilba, verbeiniki, cloves, bells, lilies and daylilies, nivyaniki, stonecakes and rudbekii.
It is impossible not to mention the bright annuals, without which no elegant flower bed can do.
The list includes alissum, amaranth and summer varieties of asters, marigolds, lobelia, nasturtium, petunias, zinnia.
Dilute perennial plants can and biennial: viola, cloves, mallow, daisies, digitalis.
Cultures blooming in autumn
At this time, there is no longer enough summer, bright colors, but autumn-flowering perennials are able to transform a faded garden.
Bright autumn, the owners will be presented with anemones (windmills), timeless, hirkan Dubrovnik, heleniums, dahlias, goldenrod, bloodsuckers, octyabrinki (perennial autumn asters), rudbekii, chrysanthemums and fuchsia, cymicifugi.
Flower beds from perennials are able to transform the garden, bring a sense of celebration and inspire the owners to "new feats".
About what flower beds you can decorate the territory, the following video will tell:
The video is loading...
Was the article helpful?
We want to be better.
Thanks for the opinion!
Tags:
flower bed of perennials
flower garden of perennial plants

Suitable plants for vertical gardens include climbing species, ferns, mosses, and adapted shrubs.

In Taiwan, species like Dragon Tubeh, Junzi, Wu Bamboo, and Honeysuckle are chosen for their air-purifying capacity and low maintenance.

Chiayi City recommends lily bamboo, firecracker red, Yunnan yellow carnation, Boston kidney fern, and hydrangea, selected for local climatic adaptability.

Title:

Content: Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi County, Chiayi
The school received an environmental subsidy of NT $220,000 two years ago to plant large Dumbo flowers to form a green wall, which helps to cool down the temperature and purify the air, and also to install an automatic sprinkler system to maintain the ecology of the green wall.
According to the Environmental Protection Bureau of Chiayi City Government, since 2019, the Environmental Protection Department has promoted the vertical air green wall project. Since 2019, three schools, including Xingjia, Jiabei Elementary School and Jiabei Elementary School, have installed climbing plants on the school's daughter wall and the balcony of the classroom.
The Environmental Protection Bureau of the Chiayi Municipal Government said that this year, the Environmental Protection Agency expanded the target of subsidies, in addition to the original subsidies of public middle school, public elementary school, public preschool institutions, public welfare groups, public facilities, environmental protection night market, civic activity center and other venues, air green wall subsidies of 3,000 to 6,000 yuan per square meter, single subsidy ceiling of 400,000 yuan.
According to the Municipal Environmental Protection Agency, according to the results of the study, vertical green walls can reduce the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), suspended particulates (PM10) by about 40% and 60%, but also reduce the concentration of indoor fine suspended particulates (PM2.5) by about 10%, ozone by about 30%, and indoor temperature reduction by about 1.8 ℃.
According to the city's Environmental Protection Bureau, the appropriate plant types are lily bamboo, firecracker red, Yunnan yellow carnation, turtle, Boston kidney fern, hydrangea, African pansy or panthera, and can be selected according to the space planning and installation requirements, so that the space is more beautiful.
# Green Wall # Cooling # EPB # EPD # Planting

Tropical climates favor a diversity of evergreen and moisture-loving plants, while temperate or arid zones require drought-tolerant species such as succulents and cacti.

Native species are generally preferred to support local biodiversity and reduce maintenance, although exotic plants may be used with caution to avoid ecological disruption.

Title:

Content: Elevating Your Outdoor Sanctuary: Tips for Cultivating a Vibrant Garden Oasis

The art of garden design is becoming increasingly important as people look to their outdoor areas as a haven from the daily grind.   Before we embark on this journey, remember that cultivating a garden is …

The art of garden design is becoming increasingly important as people look to their outdoor areas as a haven from the daily grind.

Before we embark on this journey, remember that cultivating a garden is not just about beauty—it’s an opportunity to connect with nature and enhance our well-being. For more inspirational green insights, consider visiting this helpful link.

Understanding the Fundamentals of Garden Design

Starting with a blueprint ensures that your garden is a feast for the eyes and a functional space. Take your time sketching out your ideas, considering how different sections of your garden will relate to each other and the overall aesthetic of your property. A garden should be an extension of your home; therefore, the design should flow seamlessly from the indoor to the outdoor spaces. Think about the movement through the garden, how you interact with the plants, and the views from inside the home.

Selecting Plants for Year-Round Interest

Strategically chosen plants create a captivating garden landscape and deliver a succession of blooms throughout the seasons. Designing a garden that looks great in all seasons requires a careful balance of plants that peak at different times of the year. Consider incorporating a mix of bulbs for spring, annuals for summer color, perennials for autumn hues, and evergreens for winter structure.

Understanding your local climate zone and soil type is crucial when looking for plants that will thrive in your garden. Hearty native species can offer a more resilient and sustainable option that supports local ecosystems.

Soil and Nutrition: The Foundation of a Healthy Garden

Whether sandy, clay, or loamy, the soil is perhaps the most overlooked yet fundamental aspect of gardening. Your garden’s vitality begins with the ground, so investing time in understanding and improving your soil’s health can yield lasting benefits. Simple steps such as regular amendments with organic compost can significantly improve soil structure and fertility. Moreover, soil testing can inform you about deficiencies and guide appropriate nutrient management.

Embracing natural methods helps the soil and ensures that your garden is part of a sustainable practice. Natural fertilizers like fish emulsion, bone meal, or green manure techniques invigorate the soil without the harsh effects of chemical fertilizers.

Creating a Habitat for Wildlife

Inviting biodiversity into your garden brings it to life and assists in the natural control of pests. Birds, butterflies, bees, and other beneficial creatures can all find a haven in a garden thoughtfully planted with their needs in mind. Planting native species is particularly effective in supporting local wildlife because these plants have evolved alongside the local fauna. Establishing various plants that offer food, shelter, and nesting sites will make your garden a bustling hub of natural activity.

Keeping Your Garden Thriving: Maintenance and Care

A garden is a living canvas that requires attention and nurturing. Regular maintenance like pruning, weeding, and deadheading keeps your garden looking its best and encourages healthy growth and blooming. Each season brings specific tasks—from spring planting to fall cleanup—and staying on top will ensure your garden remains a place of beauty and serenity.

One of the most critical aspects of garden maintenance is monitoring for pests and diseases. Early detection and environmentally friendly control methods can prevent minor issues from becoming major problems. Being proactive about the health of your garden will reward you with a vibrant outdoor space that continues to thrive and enchant year after year.

In design, vertical gardens offer multiple layers of functioning greenery, from moss mats and climbing plants to ground cover and small trees that bring texture, seasonal interest, and habitat value, thereby enriching built environments both aesthetically and ecologically.

In summary, vertical gardens are effective sustainable building elements offering air purification, microclimate regulation, and psychological benefits.

Their maintenance and plant selection must align with site-specific conditions, and emerging technologies enhance their manageability and effectiveness.

Integrating vertical gardens supports urban biodiversity, fosters occupant wellbeing, and helps mitigate environmental challenges like urban heat islands and air pollution, making them a significant sustainable innovation in architecture and environmental design [a89e20ea-c2ae-4600-8704-7d23939dacc1_458215749; 70b30305-e209-49f4-aa22-78908d3f1880_535735985; dd767717-5ae7-4c8d-8919-5ca78eab4764_218980452; 2f6e5599-dec4-4394-ad2c-3f6b1754399b_623332260; ba406fcf-374a-415e-9a89-d67180febed7_1047686740].