The ancient Egyptians considered cats to be sacred animals in their mythology, associating them with the goddess Bastet, who was believed to protect homes and owners from evil spirits.

Cats were believed to symbolize well-being, joy, love, and fertility, and were revered for their ability to exterminate rodents, which helped to preserve grain stocks.

The Egyptians depicted cats as defenders of the home and family patrons, highlighting their importance in ancient Egyptian culture.

Cats were also mummified by the ancient Egyptians, who believed that pets could have eternal life, and that animals were sacred and divine.

The goddess Bast was often depicted as a cat or a woman with a cat's head, further emphasizing the spiritual significance of cats in ancient Egyptian culture.

In ancient Egyptian mythology, cats were believed to have a special sacred gift to protect their owners and were seen as protectors against evil spirits.

The Egyptians believed that cats had spiritual significance and power, and they were often mummified and buried with their owners to ensure their safe passage into the afterlife.

Cats were considered signs and symbols of ancient Egypt, and they were associated with magic, witchcraft, and good luck in various cultures.

The cat's ability to see in the dark earned them the nickname "sunny eye," and they were valued for their unique abilities and strengths.

In ancient Egyptian culture, cats were not just pets, but were considered to be forms of gods, and their worship was an integral part of Egyptian spirituality and daily life.

Unfortunately, there is no information available about why the Egyptians would shave their eyebrows when mourning the loss of a family cat, as this topic was not covered in the search results.

The search results do not provide any information about the spiritual connections between cats and ancient Egyptians beyond their symbolic significance.

However, it is known that ancient Egyptians mummified various animals, including cats, and that cats were important symbols in Egyptian mythology.

The spiritual significance of cats in ancient Egyptian culture was deeply connected to their mythology and beliefs about the afterlife, and their mourning rituals likely reflected this significance.

Despite the importance of cats in ancient Egyptian culture, there is no information available about specific mourning rituals for cats, including any practices that might resemble eyebrow shaving.

The ancient Egyptians believed in the spiritual significance of cats, but the details of their mourning rituals for these animals are not well-documented.

The ancient Egyptians considered cats to be sacred animals in their mythology, associating them with the goddess Bastet, who was believed to protect homes and owners from evil spirits.

Title:

Content: As before, cats were used to ward off evil spirits: try it yourself
Where did the idea that cats ward off evil spirits come from?
1: 39
Since ancient times, cats have been famous for their mystery and special abilities.
In the world of folklore and legends, they often act as protectors against evil spirits and evil forces.
In antiquity and the Middle Ages it was believed that cats have a special sacred gift that helps them protect their homes and their owners from unfavorable energies.
In Egyptian mythology, cats were considered sacred animals associated with the goddess Bastet.
They were depicted as defenders of the home, as well as patrons of the family.
In medieval Europe, cats were often associated with magic and witchcraft, leading to their persecution during the Inquisition.
However, among the peoples of Scandinavia and Great Britain, cats were often seen as a symbol of protection from evil spirits.
In Scandinavian mythology, cats were considered companions of warriors and guides of souls of the dead on Asgard.
They were also supposed to be able to see hidden worlds and predict the future.
In the English folklore tradition, the black cat was considered a symbol of good luck and protection from evil spirits.
In medieval England, it was even believed that the owners of black cats have a special charm and protection from misfortune.
In Scotland, it was believed that if a black cat visits a house, it brings good luck and well-being to the family.
Traditions and legends about the protective power of cats are preserved in the modern world.
Many people still consider their furry friends not only faithful companions, but also mystical guardians, able to scare away evil spirits and bring harmony to the house.
Author Ilya Panferov
Ilya Panferov — freelance correspondent of Pravda.Ru

Cats were believed to symbolize well-being, joy, love, and fertility, and were revered for their ability to exterminate rodents, which helped to preserve grain stocks.

Title:

Content: The mummy of a pet: why and why did the ancient Egyptians do this?
1: 43
The Egyptians showed special respect for their pets, their love was so great that they wanted these animals to have eternal life.
After death, pets were mummified and went through a complex burial process.
In ancient Egyptian worldview, four-legged and feathered creatures were considered sacred, divine and influencing their destinies.
They occupied an honorable place in the pantheon, and the gods were often depicted with animal heads.
Mummification was an integral part of this religious practice, emphasizing the special status of these creatures in the eyes of the Egyptians.
The Egyptians mummified various animals, believing that their gods could take different forms.
For example, the goddess Bast, the daughter of Ra, was depicted as a cat or a woman with a cat ’ s head.
This goddess symbolized well-being, joy, love and fertility.
The Egyptians especially revered cats for their ability to exterminate rodents, which was critical for preserving grain stocks, then considered valuable as gold.
Cats have also earned the nickname “sunny eye ” due to their ability to see in the dark.
This property made them important symbols in Egyptian mythology.
Archaeological studies conducted at the ancient Egyptian necropolis of Qubbet el-Hawa have uncovered the burial of crocodiles, one of which has been preserved in the form of a practically whole mummy, providing a unique look at the ancient rites and veneration of animals in this culture.
Author Petr Deryabin
Petr Deryabin – journalist, correspondent of Pravda.Ru news service

The Egyptians depicted cats as defenders of the home and family patrons, highlighting their importance in ancient Egyptian culture.

Cats were also mummified by the ancient Egyptians, who believed that pets could have eternal life, and that animals were sacred and divine.

The goddess Bast was often depicted as a cat or a woman with a cat's head, further emphasizing the spiritual significance of cats in ancient Egyptian culture.

In ancient Egyptian mythology, cats were believed to have a special sacred gift to protect their owners and were seen as protectors against evil spirits.

The Egyptians believed that cats had spiritual significance and power, and they were often mummified and buried with their owners to ensure their safe passage into the afterlife.

Title:

Content: Pharaonic Monuments: "Secrets" Revealed by "Rare" Mummies of Egyptian Crocodiles
• Mohammed Hamida
• BBC - Cairo
The ancient Egyptian worshiped animals and placed them in the ranks of gods, making them various temples.
Thus, the calf "Apis", the cat "Bess", the jackal and the cobra are all signs and symbols of the ancient Egyptian, he resorted to them to give him strength and protect him from the treachery of nature at times.
Crocodiles represented prestige, strength, invincibility and even fertility, according to sources.
In the Qubat al-Hawa area on the west bank of the Nile in Aswan, some excavations were made in a rock tomb dedicated to major figures during the Middle Kingdom of the ancient Egyptian era, where crocodile mummies were found.
In the Middle Kingdom, crocodile worship spread to Egypt, where the country was in a period of great prosperity.
The central state consisted of the 11th to 13th dynasties, with Egypt as a state with influence in areas from the Syrian coast in the north to Nubia in the south.
But Egypt entered after the thirteenth dynasty in a huge stumbling block, was the prelude to the occupation of the Hyksos for decades, only by the hands of the king Saknin Ra and his sons Kams and Ahmos, where Ahmos completed the task of driving the Hyksos out of the country after the killing of his father and brother.
But the cult of the “alligator god ” did not disappear despite the age of decay that prevailed in the country; it existed even after the end of the dynastic era.
Ten crocodiles in the area of   the Dome of the Air
A team from the University of Chian, Spain, has worked in the Quba al-Hawa area since 2008 in rock tombs, and in 2019 the team revealed 10 crocodiles in good condition of embalming on the West Bank of the Nile.
Alejandro Jiménez, professor of Egyptology at the Spanish University of Jian and director of the excavation project at the Dome of the Hawa, told the BBC that although the linen wraps around these crocodiles had disappeared, the condition of the crocodiles is considered good, which is rare in this region.
Jimenez added that this gave scientists the opportunity to study crocodiles from this era diligently after we found them in good condition, studies were done in museums on the remains of crocodiles, but in our case we studied them in the cemetery.
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Why the crocodile?
The ancient Egyptian worshiped animals, especially those that he could not tame and humiliate for his domestic or foreign works, so he went to sanctify them and put them in the ranks of gods, according to scholars.
The "crocodile god" or what the ancient Egyptians called "Sobek", is an ancient Egyptian god associated with the Nile, and is depicted in the form of a man with the head of a crocodile, or directly in the form of a crocodile, and symbolizes in ancient Egyptian religion power and fertility, and was especially associated with the dangers posed by the Nile with its flood.
But references from some sources confirm that the nicknames given to the "Sobek" were representative of the violent and huge nature of the crocodile, he was called "the one who eats while sleeping", according to the Italian Egyptologist Ida Bresciani.
Sobek was the fertility god of the ancient Egyptians.
Alejandro says some of the crocodiles found in the area of   the Dome of the Hawa are up to three meters long, which raises the question of how to catch and deal with these huge animals.
Alejandro estimated that these animals were left in the sun for a long time, dehydrated and died before the embalming process where we found them.
The report, published in the scientific journal PLOS ONE, indicates that the crocodiles discovered were covered with a layer of bitumen, which is common in the later periods of ancient history.
The magazine says the roof of all the skulls of the Hawa Dome crocodiles is intact, and there are no traces that could be linked to the killing of animals.
She stressed that among the various methods mentioned to kill crocodiles, those that do not leave obvious traces.
Stones in the crocodile's belly.
The manager of the excavation project at the Dome of the Hawa says that the vital organs of the crocodiles were impressively present in the mummies, and that the stomach was not removed as usual when embalming, and it is likely that these crocodiles were buried in the sand and after a while they were covered with bitumen and embalmed as they are.
Alejandro confirms that a number of stones have been found inside the stomach of crocodiles, which is a common practice used by crocodiles to balance them inside the water.
He points out that he has discovered two types of crocodiles, the Nile crocodile and the West African crocodile of different lengths.
The crocodiles were roaming over Egypt with the flood of the Nile, a supernatural force of the ancient Egyptian who feared and was preparing for the great river.
Floods were destroying the habitats of animals living on the banks of the Nile and rats were rushing into the highlands and cobras were killing mice, so the Egyptians revered them and placed them on the crowns of kings.
The crocodile was also a creature too great to satisfy its appetite for a mouse, for example, so during the Nile flood it attacked cows and possibly people.
The Egyptians therefore placed him among the great gods associated with the flood of the Nile.
The Spanish scientist points out that the importance of detection comes from the fact that many of the studies carried out in the past years on crocodile mummies were about the remains of crocodiles that were in museums and not in cemeteries like this case, which gave us a lot of unique information.
Many museums around the world have Egyptian animal mummies and crocodiles among them.
The Egyptian Museum in Cairo has the largest collection of animal mummies, yet the crocodiles discovered are extremely rare in modern fossils.

Cats were considered signs and symbols of ancient Egypt, and they were associated with magic, witchcraft, and good luck in various cultures.

Title:

Content: What is useful cat in the house: facts and omens
A cat in the house is always a good thing.
In ancient times, this animal was not just a pet or a talisman of luck: in some cultures, it was a deity.
Experts told about what benefits cats bring to their owners.
They say that a cat is a great talisman for happiness, but not only its gender and color are important.
Experts of the site dailyhoro.ru note that it is very important to name the cat correctly so that it brings happiness to the house.
That is why it is better to think about it especially carefully.
Facts about the benefits of cats
Cats are great at relieving stress and helping to become happier.
Simple statistical studies have shown that people who own cats become much happier and happier with their lives.
Cats treat depression.
According to surveys, about 70% of people after communicating with cats note an improvement in mood and a decrease in depressive thoughts.
A good night's sleep.
Cats provide it to everyone who has them.
Polls show that about half of people feel much calmer when their pet sleeps next to them.
Energy of Cats
Cats drive away evil spirits.
This is best handled by black pets.
In the house where the cat lives, you are unlikely to wake up from incomprehensible knocks and rustles.
Spirits do not like pets because they see and feel them.
Cats bring good luck.
Their energy has a beneficial effect on the luck of all households.
Especially strong in this regard are tricolor cats.
The cat regulates the energy of the house so that there is more harmony in it.
Where there is a cat, it always becomes calmer and emotionally warmer.
The cat senses energetic vibrations and can understand a person ’ s mood by its biofield.
That is why cats often come to us when we cry, when we feel bad and hurt.
Signs related to cats
To see a cat in a dream is good.
Expect good luck in business and insight in the spiritual realm.
In Europe, a common omen: if a cat sneezes once, it rains, and if he sneezes more than three times, it is to the disease of someone from the household.
If the cat reaches out to the guest, this is a very good sign for him and for the owner of the house.
This means that this person is a good one, and very favorable changes in life are waiting for him soon.
If guests come at the moment when the cat is washing, you need to be careful with words and deeds.
You can inadvertently offend the guest.
If the cat sleeps, curled up a tangle, it is cold.
If he hides his face, it will rain.
Source

The cat's ability to see in the dark earned them the nickname "sunny eye," and they were valued for their unique abilities and strengths.

In ancient Egyptian culture, cats were not just pets, but were considered to be forms of gods, and their worship was an integral part of Egyptian spirituality and daily life.

Unfortunately, there is no information available about why the Egyptians would shave their eyebrows when mourning the loss of a family cat, as this topic was not covered in the search results.

Title:

Content: Archaeologists find the body of a child with 142 dogs

The body of a child and 142 dogs, dated from 1st century BCE to the 1st century AD, has been found in Egypt.

A mummy is seen inside the newly discovered burial site in Minya, Egypt May 13, 2017
(photo credit: REUTERS/MOHAMED ABD EL GHANY)

Archaeologists from the Center for Egyptological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences have discovered the body of an eight-year-old child and 142 dogs buried together in Egypt.

The discovery, made near Cairo, was dated to between the 1st century BCE to the 1st century CE. During this time, the Romans assumed control over Egypt.

Dogs in ancient Egypt

The dogs, 87% of which were puppies, are thought to have died as a result of flooding. The Archaeologists were able to assess that they died simultaneously, with no violence involved. They also found blue clay on the dogs, which was found in reservoirs during that period, supporting the theory that the dogs had drowned.

Despite ancient Egyptians worshipping numerous animals, dogs were not generally believed to be sacred. They were used as pets and for labor. However, some dogs were mummified and buried with their owners. The ancient Egyptians believed that the dog-headed gods Anubis and Upuat were with the souls of the dead in the afterlife. Some dogs were sacrificed to play the role of an amulet in a burial.

The only case to which similarities can be drawn, is the discovery of a child's body with 12 dogs in a cemetery in Hierakonpolis.

Egyptian mummy. (credit: CREATIVE COMMONS)

It is unknown why the boy was buried there. The current theory is that the boy died while caring for the dogs and was buried with them.

Children in ancient Egypt

It is unlikely that the boy and his dogs were executed. According to Egypt Today, children in ancient Egypt were treated well with access to education and were forbidden to learn a trade.

Adding to the mystery, the boy was found with a linen bag over his head. The only other time a body was found with a linen bag covering the head, the person had been executed by an arrow.

The average life span in ancient Egypt, according to the American Society of Research Overseas, is 22.5-25 years for men and 35-37 years for women.

The search results do not provide any information about the spiritual connections between cats and ancient Egyptians beyond their symbolic significance.

However, it is known that ancient Egyptians mummified various animals, including cats, and that cats were important symbols in Egyptian mythology.

The spiritual significance of cats in ancient Egyptian culture was deeply connected to their mythology and beliefs about the afterlife, and their mourning rituals likely reflected this significance.

Title:

Content: The cat jumped over the coffin and the grandfather actually "reacted" to scare the family.
Author: The Explosive Commune
Published: Updated:
According to legend, a cat is a very spiritual animal, and when it passes by a corpse, the dead person can feel its call and borrow a life from the cat.
Text: Su (Posted in Spiritual Commune)
This happened more than 20 years ago, when my grandfather was ill for several years and died in my second year of high school, and every night before the funeral, a group of two relatives would be arranged.
First of all, my family is on the first floor of the storefront, at that time it was very cold in the winter, my family happened to be in the middle of the two vegetable markets so it is normal to have stray cats and dogs. Wild cats sneak into the house from the outside.
More terrible things come later...
The cat jumped over the coffin and the horrifying scene enlarge Read the full text
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She said that when the cat ran into the house, she suddenly jumped from the top of Grandpa ’ s coffin (at that time, the coffin had already sealed the coffin), and then she found that it was too late to run the cat. After the cat jumped over the coffin, she heard my Grandpa ’ s knocking on the coffin. There was no sound for a while.
My sister was still studying in the fifth grade that year, she said that because she was too afraid to be frightened at the time, so this incident has been afraid to say, until after 20 years of chatting she was willing to say this, in fact, I was very angry at the moment she said how this happened, but also why she did not go to wake up the adults?
Because I still think very naive, wondering what if Grandpa is really resurrected? Until today, I still have a big question in my heart, wondering what happened to Grandpa ’ s sound when the cat jumped over?
Why does a cat jump from a living person in the past cause a carcass?
According to later verification, this phenomenon is caused by static electricity generated by the cat's hair, and when the body temperature of the human body is not completely cooled, if the cat jumps over, it will generate static electricity to sit up or stand up.
Can cats change their lives? Cat slaves are rewarded with super strong middle prize and a loving woman escapes death for taking care of a stray cat (click to enlarge)
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【 This article has been reprinted with permission from the "Bombing Commune". 】
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Despite the importance of cats in ancient Egyptian culture, there is no information available about specific mourning rituals for cats, including any practices that might resemble eyebrow shaving.

Title:

Content: Supplement
Sunday WorkShop
Pokémon make the world more complete.
[Ming Pao News] Recently, when I saw a few more incense stoves filled with tributes or the ashes of burning street clothes on the roadside, or the stadium with incessant applause on weekdays, I saw that it was worth the ghost month.
In the Department of History of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, there is a Taiwanese professor who loves to study ancient Chinese ghosts, Ming Pu Muzhou, asked him to study so many ghosts, "Ha ha no ah! Even if he is afraid, it is not because of ghosts."
Ghosts are elements of art.
Everyone is no stranger to ghosts. Since ancient times, people have been used to ghosts in various works.
It is undeniable that ghosts have always been an element of artistic creation.
After the Taiwanese film "About Me and the Ghost Becoming Family" was released in Hong Kong, the comrade "Mao Mao", played by Lin Po-hong, died unexpectedly as a ghost, and the police officer "Wu Ming-han", played by Xu Guanghan, was forced to stay with Mao through the accidental collision of the underworld marriage to investigate the truth of his death.
This is a "one person and one ghost" film, but also a "supplement to the world of the living" film and television works into ghosts are like the modern version of ancient novels, this is a very interesting phenomenon, in the real world of some things that humans can not do, ghosts can help solve the case, has been the common imagination of mankind, but also a cultural accumulation, from ancient to the present day, ghosts such things we can not destroy.. "
But from a practical point of view, whether it involves underworld marriage or ghosts, it is inevitable that it will be said to be superstitious.
Faith is an individual subjective psychological activity, which can be explained from one thing that believes, and it is all faith.
You use subjectivity to judge whether other people ’ s subjectivity is superstition, this concept is not necessarily correct, in fact, there is no sense. ” Pu Muzhou, who is a history department, laughed: “As a scholar, I do not discuss whether ghosts exist, but from a serious point of view to talk about ghosts, as a cultural phenomenon, to understand how ancient Chinese ghosts changed with time and what cultural reaction to society. ”
On the seventh day of the lunar calendar, the ghosts who died and wandered.
Oriental people are no strangers to ghosts, and almost all countries affected by the Chinese character culture regard Yulan (or Zhongyuan) as an important holiday.
In Hong Kong and Taiwan, Yue Lan Festival is an annual festival. "On the 15th of July of the Chinese calendar, we cross over for the homeless ghosts, that is, the dead and wandering ghosts, and unlike every family worshipping their ancestors, the homeless ghosts belong to the whole region."
When it comes to the ghost culture of his hometown, this professor is even more eloquent.
Just like Hong Kong, Taiwan will also be in various communities to set up a theater and sing a magic show (that is, a magic show).
Building a house also needs to be done around the lunar month of July, "because a lot of ghosts are swimming outside."
In addition to the similar methods of holding ghost festivals, the two places attach equal importance to ghosts. When a relative dies in a traffic accident, it is often necessary to hold a "road festival". "This is a kind of spiritualism, and Taiwan will also use a spirit banner to guide the soul to the home of the deceased to hold a funeral."
In addition, Taiwan ’ s politicians also consciously take advantage of the people ’ s belief in ghosts and worship the graves of fallen soldiers near elections, “ostensibly creating a posture of equality with the people, but in fact in order to get votes, ” he said.
On the contrary, the practice of abolishing superstition and promoting democratic science in large cities in mainland China has gradually made the festival go away.
“At the time of the May Fourth Movement in the Mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan were being controlled by foreigners, so these traditional cultures were preserved.
But as society tends to develop rationally, will ghost culture be strangled? Pumuju explained: "It is difficult to really break the roots of this thing.
If there is always a group of people who are interested in ghost culture, it is still possible to continue to develop with the help of social forces, just as in remote rural areas in the Mainland, no matter how large the scope of the May Fourth Movement at that time, some traditions have been preserved. "
Ancient Egyptians are quiet.
Ghosts and Religious Life in Early China was published last year in Pomuzhou, and the mainland publishing house translated it into Chinese in May this year.
Many people like to get stimulated from ghost movies and ghost stories, but if readers expect to get sensory stimulation from the book, I am afraid they will be disappointed, because the purpose of this book is to trace the thinking of the ancients about ghosts, not to scare people.
Talking about his book, the author said very casually: "I would like to use this book as a historical material, hoping to help readers interested in Chinese ghosts think about it, and then develop some new ideas."
For me, it is more meaningful to help me understand ancient Chinese belief culture and satisfy my curiosity about Chinese ghosts. ”
Ancient Chinese ghosts come to the world.
He graduated from the Department of History of National Taiwan University, majoring in Chinese history, and received his doctorate in Egypt from Johns Hopkins University in the United States.
To a certain extent, the two civilizations are full of ghosts imagination, but Pumu state a blood point of difference: "Ancient Egypt's ghosts are very quiet, do not run to the human, is in a complete system, there are no ghost stories; but the ghosts of ancient China are different, it will run out, so there are many ghost stories." 」
“The ancient Egyptians believed in polytheism and the country was very religious.
Unlike ancient China, ancient Egypt had a common view of life and death.
"The ancient Egyptians believed that after death there would be a trial to see if he had sinned in life, and Anubis, the god of the cemetery with a dog's head, placed the heart of the dead on the scales, and placed a feather symbolizing truth on the other end, only the two ends of the balance can go to the eternal world, otherwise the heart will be eaten by a monster waiting on the side." “The ancient Egyptians had a stubborn ideal, they wanted everyone to be free from mistakes while they were alive, but in reality no one could be completely free from mistakes, ” says Pumu.
But there is no such rigid standard of judgment in ancient China, and people do not need to be judged by a "dog-headed god" when they die. The ghost is not next to the scale of that day, nor is it always present in the spiritual world, and it can even live on earth and interact with people.
"For the ancients in China, ghosts were not religious, they shuttled between the living and the dead, and the imagination of existence after death was very close to the model of the living."
Ghost culture has a long history in ancient China, and behind it is the free discussion of death.
As Pu Muzhou said, the ancients did not have a unified theory of death, and even the interpretations of various schools were different. For example, Zhuangzi's view of the universe, which believes that people are formed by condensation of air and will disperse into the universe after death, so there is no concept of ghosts, and there is no post-death world.
But ghosts are invisible and silent, so why are they so obsessed with discussing them?
"After the development of human civilization, there may not be a society that has no concept of ghosts or souls, and everyone may think that there will be another form of existence after death." 」
People are more complicated than ghosts.
“Without ghosts, the world would not be complete. ” In some examples in The Left, the word ghost is synonymous with God, meaning that the terrifying ghosts that people understand as crawling out of the darkness of the earth can also be gods that have descended from heaven, and people and ghosts have created this world together.
Although no one can prove the existence of ghosts, but "the ancients' imagination of ghosts was almost fixed in a few forms", dressed or naked, hair, human appearance... how much people think of Sadako, no matter how many years later, the shape of ghosts has not changed much.
Catastrophic events are hard to explain.
Pumu states, “The best way to understand ghost culture is to understand how humans imagine ghosts. ”
In ancient China, all generations were written about ghosts.
Pumu said that the relationship between people and ghosts is usually either hostile or reconcilable, and sometimes catastrophic events occur and no suitable explanation can be found, and ghosts also have to be blamed.
For ghosts, modern people avoid fear, full of awe, and haunted places are even further away. Pu Muzhou complained for ghosts: "Although it is the powerful ghosts that cause the greatest anxiety in the world, after the (powerful) situation is corrected, it will no longer disturb the living." The elder brother was bullied in the school and jumped from the building to commit suicide, then incarnated as a powerful ghost, until he saw the parents' crimes were revealed and his sister finally rescued before he left.
From time to time, the ancients' knowledge of ghosts gradually improved.
As early as the pre-Qin period, the narration of ghosts was mostly negative, "but the changes in the image of ghosts and social changes were closely linked."
From the late Han Dynasty to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, because of the continuous division of the world, reflected in the literature produced a large number of ghosts.
During the Six Dynasties, Zhiqi literature was exploded with the invention of paper making in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the image of ghosts was more diverse and full of human nature, with well-meaning, fragile ghosts, and even silly ghosts, "but their intentions and emotions were never complicated by human beings."
He believes: "The ghost world is in a sense more ideal than the human world, and ghosts are simpler than human beings, if people can live like ghosts without scruples."
We often say that "ghosts", "ghosts only believe", in fact, is to say that ghosts are very stupid and simple, often fooled. "Song Ding Bo Ghostbusters" in the Wei Jin period said that Song Ding Bo deceived ghosts that he was also a ghost, this ghost is very kind, it is recommended that if you walk tired can carry each other, and tell Song Ding Bo does not like human spit. A sheep spat on it and sold it for money.
In addition to the simplicity of the mind, ghosts "are also relatively rectal, and do not play tricks and talk like humans."
The Late Warring States Period documents unearthed at Qin Tomb in Tianshui, Gansu Province, describe ghosts as disliking clothing, disgust at unclean offerings, and food soaked in broth. The same thing as contemporary sacrificial notes is that ghosts do not like people who pretend to be worshippers, and hope that the cemetery can be carefully cleaned.
Is it possible to spread religion without the help of ghosts?
Buddhism is regarded as one of the five major religions in today ’ s China, but in the late years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Buddhism was resisted after it was first introduced to China, “because it completely changed the way of thinking and went against the family ethics of ancestral worship. ” The subsequent“ rectification plan ”, according to Pu Muzhou, was to use ghost stories to influence the public.
Liang Huijiao ’ s “The Tales of the High Monk ” also portrays Buddhist monks as experts in exorcism, helping people solve problems through practices. ”
The Buddhist definition of ghosts also basically follows the tradition of ancient writings: ghosts are equal to ghosts and spirits, which are used to refer to the spiritual realm.
"For the ancients, the purpose of religious belief was to solve the problem of ghosts encountered in life.
Buddhism uses ghost stories as a promotional tool to prove their ability to exorcise ghosts, and Christianity has adopted a similar pattern in the spread of the West.
"Christianity promotes monotheism, that is, there is only one god in the world, so the original Christian doctrine does not have the concept of ghosts or purgatory, but in order to be promoted in the people, it needs to be integrated into the people's faith like Buddhism." 」
What do you think about human beliefs about ghosts? Pumuk believes that people ’ s beliefs, like emotions, are changed at any time and do not always remain in a state.
For example, "a person's belief in ghosts may be only 20%, and he thinks that he can do it on his own, but when he is in trouble, he begins to seek the help of ghosts, and the belief level may reach 80% to 90%."
But the first situation is not absolute, "the richer the person is often more afraid of losing what he has, and those who want to live longer will inevitably need to worship ghosts, so their level of faith may rise from very low to very high."
by Chang Hsueh-tung
{Art} Chang Yu-chi
{edit} Wang Cuili
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The ancient Egyptians believed in the spiritual significance of cats, but the details of their mourning rituals for these animals are not well-documented.