Quantum computing research and development is highly competitive, with significant investment from several countries and companies.

China leads in quantum computing patent applications, with 37% globally, and has developed computers like the Origin Wukong and Jiuzhang-3.

The US is a major player in quantum computing, with companies like IBM and Google, and invested $3.7 billion in quantum research in 2022.

The UK and Australia have invested £2.5 billion and $60m, respectively, in quantum research and technology.

Countries like Canada, Germany, and Finland are investing in quantum computing, with Canada allocating $400 million to the field.

The global quantum computing market is expected to reach $1.77bn by 2026 and $234.06bn by 2032, growing at a 36.89% CAGR from 2022 to 2032.

Major quantum computing players include IBM, Google, Microsoft, and Honeywell, with IBM yielding 4.61% and Alphabet's stock up over 40%.

Quantum computing development is hindered by technical and ethical challenges.

Quantum computing can revolutionize industries and aid in solving challenges like climate change.

IBM, Google, and Microsoft are developing quantum computing systems, with IBM targeting 4,000 qubits by 2025 and Google having achieved quantum supremacy in 2019.

Quantum computing can improve finance and healthcare by enhancing derivatives pricing, portfolio selection, risk management, drug discovery, and medical data analysis.

Quantum computing can optimize supply chain management and improve data security in logistics, as seen in companies like Qilimanjaro.

Quantum computing development requires significant investment, with $2.35 billion invested in startups in 2022.

Quantum computing performance metrics and benchmarks are still evolving.

Quantum computing is rapidly advancing, with potential to transform industries and solve complex problems.

Quantum computing can solve complex problems and speed up model training processes.

IBM's Qiskit software stack has over 100 updates for better quantum computing performance.

Google has developed a 70-qubit quantum computer that can instantly process 70 bits of information.

China has allocated $15.3 billion for quantum technologies, achieving superiority in optical and superconducting computing.

China's Jiuzhang-3 solves Gaussian Bose sampling 100 million times faster than the world's fastest supercomputer, calculating in 1 microsecond what would take 20 billion years.

Google's Sycamore processor achieved quantum supremacy, solving a 10,000-year task in 200 seconds, with real-time error correction.

Quantum computers excel at parallel computing and simulating molecular behavior.

Microsoft is developing a reliable quantum computer and a metric called reliable quantum operands per second (rQOPS) to measure performance.

Quantum computing can enhance AI performance and provide new climate solutions.

Researchers have made breakthroughs in creating reliable quantum computers and devising relevant algorithms.

Quantum computers use qubits that can exist in multiple states, enabling superposition and exponential power.

Quantum computing has the potential to transform industries like pharmaceuticals, despite challenges with qubit stability and error reduction.

In 2022, investments in quantum computing startups totaled $2.35 billion and 1,600 quantum computing patents were issued.

Russia and IBM are developing quantum computing platforms, with IBM targeting a 4,000-qubit system by 2025.

Quantum computing can optimize supply chains and design more energy-efficient materials.

Quantum computers can quickly solve cryptography problems and simulate complex molecular structures.

Quantum computing can reduce rendering time and optimize complex problems with multiple variables.

Quantum computing development requires innovations in error correction, architecture, software, and programming languages.

IBM, Google, Microsoft, and Honeywell dominate the quantum computing market with significant R&D investments.

Google and IBM are driving interest in quantum computing with achievements and educational programs.

The quantum computing market is expected to reach USD 234.06 billion by 2032, with applications in healthcare, finance, and material science.

Quantum computers can solve problems that classical computers cannot, and companies are developing them.

Researchers are exploring approaches like surface code and topological quantum error correction to address quantum error correction and noise reduction.

Non-Abelian anyons are being investigated for storing information in quantum computers.

Quantum error correction extends qubit lifetime, a crucial aspect of quantum computing.

Yale scientists doubled a qubit's life using error correction.

IBM has reduced the qubits required for error correction by a factor of 10, accelerating practical quantum computing development.

The company connects qubits to six others, enabling efficient error correction for a small number of logical operations.

MIT researchers used noise-cancelling concepts, like the unbalanced echo technique, to extend qubit coherence time to 3 milliseconds.

Fibonacci sequences have been shown to stabilize qubits for up to 5.5 seconds.

PsiQuantum's architecture reduces computational resources needed to break Elliptic Curve Cryptography.

Google has developed new quantum error correction algorithms, increasing qubit array size while reducing error rates.

Microsoft is developing a quantum supercomputer, to be completed in 10 years, and has introduced a performance metric called reliable quantum operands per second (rQOPS).

The company plans to build a quantum supercomputer that will scale to over 1 billion rQOPS, needing advances in error correction and architecture.

Researchers created ultra-pure silicon to reduce computing errors and enable complex calculations.

Ultra-pure silicon reduces silicon-29 from 4.5 percent to 0.0002 percent, solving the limited quality silicon qubits problem.

Quantum computers are susceptible to environmental changes, which can cause errors, necessitating robust coherence and error correction techniques.

Developing quantum computers requires innovations in error correction, architecture, software, and programming languages.

IBM, Google, Microsoft, and Honeywell dominate the quantum computing market with significant R&D investments.

Google and IBM are driving interest in quantum computing with achievements and educational programs.

The quantum computing market is expected to reach USD 234.06 billion by 2032, with applications in healthcare, finance, and material science.

Quantum computers can solve problems that classical computers cannot, and companies are developing them.

Researchers are exploring approaches like surface code and topological quantum error correction to address quantum error correction and noise reduction.

Non-Abelian anyons are being investigated for storing information in quantum computers.

Quantum error correction extends qubit lifetime, a crucial aspect of quantum computing.

Yale scientists doubled a qubit's life using error correction.

IBM reduced the qubits required for error correction by a factor of 10, accelerating practical quantum development.

Quantum computing research and development is highly competitive, with significant investment from several countries and companies.

Quantum computing research and development is highly competitive, with significant investment from several countries and companies.

Quantum computing research and development is highly competitive, with significant investment from several countries and companies.

China leads in quantum computing patent applications, with 37% globally, and has developed computers like the Origin Wukong and Jiuzhang-3.

Title:

Content: 【 Printing 】
【 Page 1 Page 2 】
What is the stable operation of "Origin Goku"?
Related LINKS http: / / www.CRNT.com 2024-05-12 13: 00: 13
Beijing, May 12 / According to the Economic Daily, as of May 7, China's third-generation autonomous superconducting quantum computer "Origin Wukong" has attracted more than 8 million visits worldwide.
Previously, it also successfully connected to the Yangtze River Delta hub Wuhu cluster computing power public service platform and other 3 supercomputing centers, marking the formal completion of China's general computing, intelligent computing, supercomputing, and measurement of the "four calculations in one" system.
What does the stable operation of "Origin Goku" show?
Demonstrated the stability and practicality of China's autonomous quantum computing power. "Origin Wukong" is China's third-generation autonomous superconducting quantum computer, equipped with 72 autonomous superconducting quantum chips.
This computer is named "Wukong", which means that the Chinese traditional mythological figure Sun Wukong is as vast as the divine powers, will change seventy-two. "Source Wukong" was independently developed by the Source Quantum team and launched on January 6 this year, and has been online for four months, with an average of about 66,700 daily global visits, and an average of nearly 1,500 computing tasks completed daily.
Quantum computing is a cutting-edge emerging technology, promising in areas such as artificial intelligence, biomedicine, and financial analysis.
If you compare a universal traditional computer to a bicycle, a quantum computer is like an airplane.
Decompose 300 large numbers, using a trillion-time traditional computer takes 150,000 years, using a trillion-time quantum computer only takes 1 second.
The biggest advantage of a quantum computer is its powerful computing power, but compared with traditional computers, the technology is immature, the manufacturing cost is high, and the reliability is not strong.
China's quantum computing technology is in the transition stage from laboratory research and development to industrial applications.
Demonstrates the great potential of China's independent quantum computing power out of the laboratory and towards industrialization, as well as the international recognition and competitiveness of China's quantum computers. "Origin Wukong" with hardware, chips, operating systems and application software are realized independently and controllable, and the localization rate is more than 80%, which marks the basic formation of China's superconducting quantum computer industry chain.
In the past four months of operation, "Benyuan Wukong" has successfully completed more than 178,000 computing tasks for users in 120 countries. The United States, Japan, Canada and other countries with quantum computers have shown great concern for "Benyuan Wukong", of which the United States users visit far more frequently than other countries.
In the field of quantum computing, developed countries led by the United States have started early, developed rapidly and have a high degree of industrial maturity, and have gradually established a "quantum computing ecological chain".
For example, IBM USA led the creation of the Quantum Computing Industry Network (IBM Quantum Network) in 2017, which has more than 250 members from the United States, Japan, Korea, Germany, Australia and other countries, involving Fortune 500 companies, start-ups and academic institutions.
However, although China started late in the quantum field, it has made rapid progress.
A recent paper on global quantum information technology patents shows that from 2003 to 2022, China's quantum information technology patent applications accounted for 37% of the world's total, surpassing the proportion of the United States slightly higher than 28%.
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Related News:

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

What seminal quantum computers/ processors have been developed?

The US is a major player in quantum computing, with companies like IBM and Google, and invested $3.7 billion in quantum research in 2022.

Title:

Content: Quantum technology, known as the powerful engine of next-generation technology, has become increasingly competitive in recent years. According to an article published by Korean media on quantum information technology, quantum technology is not only fiercely competitive, but the scale of investment is also rapidly increasing.
However, according to statistics, in addition to sweeping half of the world's quantum technology patents, China ranks first in the world in the scale of investment in quantum information technology.
According to a South Korean media report, China's basic science and system research and development force of quantum information technology is rapidly growing and has become a competitor on par with the United States and Europe.
And to achieve this kind of technological leap, can not be separated from huge investment.
The data shows that China ranks first in the world in terms of investment in quantum information technology and has built the world ’ s largest quantum laboratory.
As of 2022, China ’ s investment in quantum information technology has reached $15.3 billion, far exceeding Europe ’ s $8.4 billion and the United States ’ $3.7 billion.
South Korean media cited China's often used "curve overtaking" strategy, and pointed out that the rapid development of electric vehicles in recent years as an example, in the 1980s, mainland enterprises officially entered the commercial vehicle industry, and imitated Germany, the United States and other developed countries.
However, with the fastest perception of automotive electrification trends and bold push, China has successfully entered the leading group of global electric vehicles.
The article pointed out that if it is said that in the field of electric vehicles, China and the United States and Europe have launched a parallel competition, in the field of quantum information technology as a future technology, China is also playing a competitive role with the United States and Europe.
Judging from the global patent application volume on quantum information technology, China is leading the world with its huge investment.
At present, China's patent applications account for 52.3%, which has an absolute advantage.
After China, it is followed by Japan (13.8%), the European Union (13.8%), the United States (10%), and South Korea (3.6%).
Looking at the breakdown, China has an absolute advantage in quantum computer patents (52.8% of the world's total), quantum communication (43.2% of the world's total), and quantum sensing (56.6% of the world's total), especially in quantum cryptographic communication.
Source: China has swept half of the world ’ s quantum technology patent investment scale is the world ’ s first
# Quantum # Technology # China # Patent # Quantity

How much have countries and blocs invested in quantum computing?

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

How much have countries and blocs invested in quantum computing?

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

The UK and Australia have invested £2.5 billion and $60m, respectively, in quantum research and technology.

Title:

Content: TIMES ENTERPRISE NETWORK: RISING STARS

Start-up leads charge in widening access to quantum computing

Oxford Quantum Circuits sells access to its supercomputer via Amazon Web Services
new

Dr Ilana Wisby is the chief executive of Europe’s first “quantum computing-as-a-service” company and one of very few women leading start-ups in the field.

Quantum computing is developing rapidly, and global investment in the sector has topped $35.5 billion (£27 million) as industry and governments look to seize on the opportunity it presents. In his most recent budget, Jeremy Hunt unveiled a £2.5 billion funding pot for quantum research, even as he slashed funding for other tech areas.

Quantum computers can operate much faster than conventional computers and perform multiple calculations simultaneously. The technology is still maturing, but in the near future it could solve previously intractable problems, enhance artificial intelligence and transform processes such as drug discovery.

Wisby, 32, who holds a PhD in

Title:

Content: Australia's quantum industry prepares grants for early 2024

By on

Part of $60m government investment.

Australia's government has earmarked early 2024 for the first round of feasibility grants for two new programs of work under the country’s first quantum strategy.

Lead scientist and strategy lead developer Dr Cathy Foley provided further information on the two projects, created as part of the federal government's $60 million quantum investment in the May federal budget.

The Australian Quantum Growth Centre and the Critical Technologies Challenges Program were presented as a ‘North Star’ to champion Australia's quantum sector.

Foley said the emerging technology has potential to shape all facets of Australian industry, noting CSIRO estimates that the industry "could be worth as much as $6.1 billion and employ 19,000 Australians by 2045”.

The two programs that will shape and promote quantum technology in Australia remain “at a stage of early nascent development” but will soon be opened for broader development and feedback.

“There is a formal process that government needs to go through to develop grant guidelines for both programs,” Foley added.

Department of industry, science and resources manager for quantum growth, Jacqueline Cooke said it's anticipated “that applications for round one feasibility grants will open in early 2024” while “successful technology demonstrator projects will commence from late 2025.”

The timeline will also see the Australian Quantum Growth Centre head into the consultation stage in early July 2023, followed by the Critical Technologies Challenges Program through th back half of this year.

Cooke said the Australian Quantum Growth Centre will provide “up to $18.5 million in grant funding over four years for an existing organisation to deliver a range of industry growth services to the sector.”

The centre is intended to support the growth of the quantum technology industry and uplift demand.

“These services might include things like supporting collaborative [research and development] opportunities, undertaking education and awareness activities, increasing international collaboration, export and investment opportunities,” Cooke said.

“The department will consult with the quantum industry and researchers over the coming months to check the design of the program and identify potential improvements.”

An "open competitive process” would be used to award grants.

It is further anticipated “that applications to deliver the centre will open later this year with the centre’s activities commencing from early 2024 until June 2027”.

Meanwhile, the Critical Technologies Challenges Program “will provide up to $36 million in grant funding to address challenges of national significance using quantum technologies, potentially in conjunction with other critical technologies such as robotics and artificial intelligence.”

“People need to see the positive impact quantum technology can have to build social licence and to increase the public's familiarity with quantum," Cooke said.

The critical technologies challenge program will provide up to $36 million in grant funding to “address challenges of national significance using quantum technologies, potentially in conjunction with other critical technologies such as robotics and artificial intelligence.”

Open to quantum industry players, “it will use a challenge-based innovation approach to drive cooperation and collaboration between quantum researchers, startups and the wider community," Cooke said.

It will also “demonstrate Australian capability, drive private sector demand and de-risk the adoption of quantum technology across the economy."

This grant is expected to be delivered under two challenge rounds, each comprising two stages.

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What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

Countries like Canada, Germany, and Finland are investing in quantum computing, with Canada allocating $400 million to the field.

Title:

Content: There were 1,711 press releases posted in the last 24 hours and 342,181 in the last 365 days.

Supporting Canada's leadership in quantum computing to grow the economy and create jobs

TORONTO, Jan. 23, 2023 /CNW/ - Quantum technologies are at the leading edge of science and innovation. As Canadian researchers, workers and businesses continue to demonstrate leadership on the world stage in innovating and developing quantum technologies, we have the potential to transform how we work and live in Canada and around the world – in areas from fighting climate change to making advancements in health care. The Government of Canada will continue to support Canadian companies to help them keep growing and staying competitive, while driving economic growth and creating highly skilled and well-paying jobs for Canadians.

The Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau, today announced a new federal investment of $40 million to enable the Toronto-based Canadian quantum computing company Xanadu Quantum Technologies Inc. to build and commercialize the world's first photonic-based, fault-tolerant quantum computer. Once developed, this computer will have the potential to provide world leading capabilities to help solve complex data problems and could be used in a variety of sectors such as finance, transportation, environmental modelling, and health.

Supported through the government's Strategic Innovation Fund, this $177.8 million project is expected to create 530 new highly skilled positions in the high-tech and quantum computing fields.

Home to some of the world's largest quantum tech hubs, Canada is well positioned to become a global leader in the developing quantum sector, which will create new opportunities for Canadians and Canadian businesses. The Government of Canada will continue to invest in innovative companies to grow the economy and create highly skilled and well-paying jobs for Canadians.

Quotes

"Quantum technology is changing the world as we know it. With the potential to solve difficult problems in key areas such as health care, finance, and climate sciences, this sector expands the realm of possibility. Today's announcement is great news for Canadian workers and businesses. This investment will bring good jobs, spur economic growth, boost innovation, and solidify Canada as a world leader in quantum technology."

— The Rt. Hon. Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada

"Quantum technologies will set the course of the future and thanks to companies like Xanadu, Canada is at the forefront ready to lead. With today's announcement, our government is strengthening Canada's position in quantum technology and helping to create more economic growth and good jobs for Canadians. We'll continue to build this sector through our National Quantum Strategy and support made-in-Canada technology so Canada remains a world leader for decades to come."

— The Hon. François-Philippe Champagne, Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry

"The government's continued investment in quantum technologies has been invaluable to our success. We are proud to be a Canadian company and, with this investment, are excited to enter the next phase in our mission to build quantum computers that are useful and available to people everywhere."

— Christian Weedbrook, Founder and CEO, Xanadu

Quick Facts

  • Since the birth of quantum science more than 100 years ago, quantum technologies have been the source of many game-changing innovations such as semiconductors and the laser.
  • Quantum science is the study, manipulation, and control of systems at the atomic and subatomic level.
  • It is estimated that by 2045, the Canadian quantum industry will be a $139 billion industry, including all economic effects, and account for over 200,000 jobs, according to a study commissioned by the National Research Council in 2020.
  • Earlier this month, the Government of Canada launched its National Quantum Strategy, which invests an additional $360 million to help solidify Canada as a global leader in quantum technologies.
  • Over the past 10 years, the Government of Canada has invested more than $1 billion in quantum research and science.
  • Additionally, the government has invested in bringing new quantum technologies to the Canadian and global markets, including investments through Canada's regional development agencies, the Strategic Innovation Fund, and the National Research Council of Canada's Industrial Research Assistance Program.
  • Xanadu is a notable contributor to Canada's innovation ecosystem and has committed to continuing to support innovation, growth, and Canada's research and development sector.
  • Founded in 2016, Xanadu is a Toronto-based Canadian quantum computing company with the mission to build quantum computers that are useful and available to people everywhere. Xanadu has become one of the world's leading quantum hardware and software companies and leads the development of PennyLane, an open-source software library for quantum computing and application development.

Associated Links

This document is also available at https://pm.gc.ca

SOURCE Prime Minister's Office

View original content: http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/January2023/23/c3179.html

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

The global quantum computing market is expected to reach $1.77bn by 2026 and $234.06bn by 2032, growing at a 36.89% CAGR from 2022 to 2032.

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  1. Analysis
September 23, 2022

Is the finance sector quantum ready?

By

It is an important year for quantum computing, according to GlobalData’s Technology, Media and Telecoms Predictions 2022. In addition to the high levels of hype generated around this disruptive technology, significant technical advances have seen companies starting to invest in exploring its potential benefits.

The global quantum computing market size is set to reach $1.77bn by 2026, up from $472m in 2021, at a compound annual growth rate of 30.2%, according to Markets and Markets. Pioneering adoption of quantum computing by financial services companies is expected to drive this growth.

Is the financial services industry prepared for quantum?

What does a quantum advantage over classical computing mean for financial services? Increasing the speed and volume of calculations and transactions by multiples represents the biggest change for a post-quantum financial services sector – and the key to identifying the potential benefits of specific use cases is exploration. Early iterations of quantum computing-as-a-service are under way with Big Tech companies Microsoft, Amazon, IBM and Google offering clients a cloud service for experimenting with quantum simulators (essentially classical computers mimicking quantum computers in the cloud to see what they can do).

This collaborative approach between businesses and tech companies addresses two problems in tandem: first, it allows businesses to familiarise themselves with the emerging technology despite quantum supremacy being some years away; second, it tackles the biggest business challenge, which is identifying the most effective use cases for financial services.

US tech giant IBM’s quantum accelerator programme was set up with exactly that in mind: to allow businesses themselves to find effective quantum computing use cases. Many of IBM’s financial services clients in the accelerator programme have initial concerns about the effect quantum computing will have on cryptography, according to Prakash Pattni, managing director for financial services – digital transformation at IBM.

“It took a few years for banks to work out where blockchain fits in with cryptography, for example, and we are now at a stage where blockchain is really taking off,” he says.

Pattni likens quantum computing as being at that same early stage of experimentation as blockchain was. Financial services companies are perhaps even more acutely aware of the potential impact of quantum computing on data security because the nature of banking regulation means data has to be stored and kept safe for many years, adds Pattni.

While cybersecurity remains a clear concern for clients, specific use cases are still being worked out. Again, experimentation is key, according to Pattni, who says: “I think we’ are still at that very early stage in terms of experimentation where quantum is concerned.” According to Gartner, 40% of large companies are planning to create initiatives around quantum computing by 2025, but even with accelerator programmes and research and development budgets, very specific use cases are still proving hard to identify.

Financial services, particularly those which work across multiple markets, stand to benefit greatly from efficiencies enabled by quantum computing given that it enables the modelling of multiple permutations of different scenarios or values to solve the most efficient outcomes in a fraction of the time it would take classical computing.

Pattni believes this could be particularly useful in the cross-border fraud detection space, saying: “Real-time payments mean the window to look at fraud needs to be in real time too.” As AI is increasingly integrated into banking systems, the interface between AI and quantum computing is also a testing ground. Pattni says risk calculation is an area that investment banks are looking at.

“It requires incredibly high levels of compute power to run multiple risk scenarios that regulators don’t like, so that is another area where quantum computing could be applied, but it is still really early days of experimenting with applications,” he adds.

Finance’s first movers in quantum computing adoption

EY’s 2022 Quantum Readiness survey, produced in collaboration with the UK’s National Quantum Computing Centre, found that 81% of senior UK executives expect quantum computing to play a significant role in their industry by 2030. Despite this, most companies are taking a ‘watch and see’ approach. However, there are those in the finance sector taking a pioneering approach by testing the technology and ramping up investment in a calculated bet that quantum computing will, in fact, live up to its hype.

US investment bank Goldman Sachs is actively researching how quantum computing can be applied to the pricing of complex derivatives. Computing a price within a complicated contract or statistical model can be an expensive process. Derivatives are so common in finance that even a small improvement in pricing them, or in calculating related quantities, could be very valuable, according to William Zeng, head of quantum research for Goldman Sachs, who made the claim in September 2022 for Microsoft Azure’s quantum blog.

In March 2022, Spain’s CaixaBank’s life insurance and pensions company, VidaCaixa, announced that it is using Canadian quantum computing company D-Wave’s cloud service to build a quantum computing application for its investment portfolio selection and allocation activities, as well as its portfolio hedging.

According to CaixaBank, this is the first time a financial services company has applied quantum computing in investment hedging in the insurance sector. What normally took the bank several hours of computing time was reduced to just minutes, representing up to a 90% decrease. This time reduction facilitates increased modelling complexity, which is better adapted to real-time markets, optimises invested capital while maintaining constant risk levels and improves the hedging decision-making process. The Spanish banking group is evaluating whether to use the application in other areas of its operations over the coming months.

In March 2022, HSBC announced it will join the IBM Quantum Accelerator programme to progress potential quantum use cases in pricing and portfolio optimisation to advance its net-zero goals and to mitigate risks, including identifying and addressing fraudulent activity. The collaboration will also include knowledge transfer through internal training programmes, as well as actively recruiting quantum computing research scientists to build a dedicated capability within its innovation team.

Elsewhere, Standard Chartered has embarked upon research into quantum computers as part of an academic partnership with the Universities Space Research Association. The partnership is already actively developing what is known as the Quantum Computing System for Financial Services, and the bank will use it to address the security challenges posed by a super-powerful quantum computer.

Post-quantum security a pressing matter

Both IBM and Google have road maps to create quantum computers capable of defeating current encryption by 2030, according to GlobalData. Despite the cybersecurity industry developing quantum-resistant encryption before that time, future quantum computers could decrypt data harvested today. As a result, GlobalData expects companies to implement quantum security solutions in 2022, particularly as cybersecurity has become front of mind for business leaders.

Over the past 12 months, interest in quantum security has grown considerably in the financial services sector, according to Duncan Jones, head of cybersecurity at quantum computing company Quantinuum. “This is partly driven by the stream of announcements from the US government highlighting the urgent need to combat the quantum threat alongside the business opportunities,” he says.

In addition, as more quantum-enabled business use cases emerge, so too do the cybersecurity concerns. Jones and his team at Quantinuum are working on ways to remedy this. Quantinuum’s partnership with cybersecurity software company PureVPN uses Quantinuum’s cyber platform, Quantum Origin, to create and deploy encryption keys generated using a verifiable quantum process, which are more secure than keys from unverified, classical computing processes.

Every technology advance creates a commensurate cybersecurity challenge and quantum-proofing financial services companies will continue to be a concern alongside the business growth opportunities, according to Jones. “Financial services companies are realising there is a new quantum baseline for security and are factoring this into their cyber planning,” he adds.

In July 2022, it became public knowledge that US investment bank JPMorgan Chase had hired assistant professor Dr Charles Lim – a world-renowned expert in next-generation, quantum-resistant communication networks at the National University of Singapore – to lead the bank’s quantum communications and cryptography. The move not only demonstrates how quantum computing has become a business concern but also highlighted a global race for talent in the field, serving as a warning to other financial services companies that they may want to ramp up their search for quantum computing talent. Historically, financial services has attracted the brightest and the best with attractive compensation, but the sector is now competing with commensurate employee offerings by Big Tech. A battleground for quantum computing talent is set to continue.

Credit rating financial services company Moody's Analytics announced in September 2022 that it is establishing the Moody's Analytics Quantum Computing Team, which is perhaps a sign that quantum computing has become part of the financial services establishment. Early adoption of this technology may seem like a choice in 2022, but it may prove vital in future-proofing financial services companies against the changes that it will bring to the sector. As with any emerging technology there are first movers and those that follow the trend – it is still too soon to tell which approach will reap the most benefits.

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Title:

Content: Quantum Computing Market was valued at nearly USD 234.06 billion by 2032

Prudour Private Limited

Updated · Mar 06, 2023

Quantum Computing Market Overview

Published Via 11Press: Quantum computing is a rapidly developing market that is revolutionizing how we approach computing and data processing. By employing principles of quantum mechanics to perform computations, quantum computers are capable of solving problems that classical computers may find impossible or impracticable to resolve.

The global quantum computing market size is forecast to reach USD 234.06 billion by 2032 from USD 10.13 billion in 2022, rising at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 36.89% during the forecast period.

At present, the quantum computing market is dominated by a few major players such as IBM, Google, Microsoft, and Honeywell. These firms are investing heavily in quantum computing research and development as well as creating quantum computing hardware and software systems.

The quantum computing market is expected to have a profound effect on industries such as healthcare, finance, logistics, and energy. Some key applications of quantum computing include drug discovery, supply chain optimization, financial modeling, and climate modeling.

Though the quantum computing market is promising, it still faces several obstacles such as high costs of hardware, a shortage of skilled experts in this area, and technical difficulties when building large-scale quantum computers. With ongoing research and development efforts, however, these problems should be overcome within the coming years, leading to even greater growth and innovation in this space.

Key Takeaways

  • The global quantum computing market size was valued at USD 234.06 billion in 2022 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of around 36.89% from 2022 to 2032.
  • Quantum computing is capable of solving problems that would be intractable or impossible for classical computers to solve.
  • The quantum computing market is dominated by a few major players, including IBM, Google, Microsoft and Honeywell.
  • The quantum computing market is expected to have a profound effect on numerous industries, such as healthcare, finance, logistics and energy.
  • Quantum computing has many important applications such as drug discovery, supply chain optimization, financial modeling and climate modeling.
  • The quantum computing market remains plagued by several obstacles, such as the high cost of quantum computing hardware, lack of qualified quantum computing experts and technical difficulties in building and running large-scale quantum computing systems.
  • Research and development are expected to overcome these obstacles within the next couple of years, propelling even greater growth and innovation in the quantum computing market.

Request For Sample Report: https://market.us/report/quantum-computing-market/request-sample/

Regional Snapshot

  • North America: North America is currently the leading market for quantum computing, with the United States playing a major role. Major companies such as IBM, Google, and Microsoft are driving this growth through their presence and investment in research and development activities related to quantum computing. This region boasts numerous key players such as IBM, Google, and Microsoft which are driving demand within this region.
  • Europe: Europe is an increasingly important market for quantum computing, with countries such as the UK, Germany, and France investing heavily in research and development. Through partnerships between quantum computing companies and other technology firms as well as the growing adoption of quantum computing across various industries, this region’s market is experiencing rapid expansion.
  • Asia Pacific: The quantum computing market in Asia Pacific is expected to experience significant growth over the coming years due to increased investments in research and development by countries like China, Japan, and South Korea. Furthermore, there have been an increasing number of collaborations between companies using quantum computing with academic institutions as well as its increasing adoption across industries like healthcare and finance – all contributing factors for market expansion within this region.
  • The Rest of the World: Countries such as Brazil, South Africa, and the UAE are expected to experience significant growth in the quantum computing market over the coming years due to increased investments in research and development efforts as well as the growing adoption of quantum computing across various industries. These factors are fueling this region’s meteoric rise in this region.

Drivers

  • Quantum Computing Gaining Adoption in Various Industries: Quantum computing is seeing an uptick in popularity across a range of industries, such as healthcare, finance, logistics, and energy – as companies seek to use their power to solve complex problems and gain an edge in competition.
  • Investments in Quantum Computing Research and Development: Governments, academic institutions, and private companies have made substantial investments in quantum computing research and development, spurring innovation and progress within the field.
  • Growing Number of Partnerships and Collaborations: There has been an uptick in partnerships and collaborations between quantum computing companies and other technology firms, as well as academic institutions and research organizations. This trend is propelling the development of new quantum computing hardware and software systems, as well as its adoption across various industries.
  • Increasing Access to Cloud-Based Quantum Computing Services: The growing availability of cloud-based quantum computing services is making it simpler for companies and researchers to utilize this cutting-edge technology, spurring adoption and innovation within the field.

Restraints

  • Limited Access to Qualified Quantum Computing Experts: Unfortunately, there is currently a shortage of highly experienced quantum computing specialists, making it challenging for companies to construct and sustain quantum computing systems.
  • Technical Challenges in Building and Maintaining Large-Scale Quantum Computing Systems: The development of large-scale quantum computing systems is still in its early stages, so there are numerous technical obstacles that must be overcome, such as noise reduction, error correction, and scalability.
  • Limited Quantum Computing Applications: Although the list of potential applications for quantum computing is growing, the number of practical ones that have been developed and implemented remains limited. This can make it challenging for companies to justify investing in quantum computing technology.
  • Regulatory Challenges: Quantum computing technology may face regulatory restrictions, particularly around data privacy and security. This could create additional obstacles to the adoption and investment in the technology.

Opportunities

  • Growing Number of Partnerships and Collaborations: The growing number of partnerships and collaborations among quantum computing companies, other technology firms, academic institutions, and research organizations is creating opportunities for the development of new quantum computing hardware and software systems as well as its adoption across various industries.
  • Advancements in Quantum Computing Hardware and Software: With the rapid progress being made in the development of quantum computing hardware and software, new opportunities will present themselves for applying this technology across various industries and fields.
  • The growing availability of cloud-based quantum computing services: Cloud-based quantum computing services are making it simpler for companies and researchers to access and utilize quantum computing technology, spurring adoption and innovation within the field.
  • Growth of Quantum Computing as a Service: As more companies and researchers embrace the potential of quantum computing, cloud-based quantum computing services are creating exciting new business opportunities for those offering these solutions.
  • Potential for Breakthroughs in Areas such as Drug Discovery, Finance, and Energy: Quantum computing holds the potential to unravel complex issues in fields like drug discovery, finance, and energy – leading to major breakthroughs and advances. This presents companies with unique opportunities for those who can develop and implement quantum computing solutions in these sectors.

Challenges

  • Technical Challenges in Constructing and Running Large Quantum Computing Systems: As quantum computing systems continue to emerge, numerous technical obstacles must be overcome such as noise reduction, error correction, and scalability. These issues make it challenging for companies to construct and run these massive quantum computers efficiently.
  • Limited Access to Qualified Quantum Computing Experts: There is currently a shortage of highly experienced quantum computing professionals, making it difficult for companies to construct and maintain quantum computing systems. This shortage could potentially restrict the growth of this industry in the coming years.
  • Quantum computing Applications: While quantum computing has many potential uses, the number of practical applications that have been created and implemented remains limited. This could make investing in quantum computing technology and research on practical applications an attractive prospect.

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Recent Developments

  • Google Claims Quantum Supremacy: In 2019, Google claimed to have achieved quantum supremacy by performing a calculation on its quantum computer that even the most powerful supercomputers would take thousands of years to complete. This was seen as an important milestone in the advancement of quantum computing technology.
  • IBM Launches Quantum Computing Program for Students: In 2020, IBM unveiled a quantum computing program specifically tailored towards students that provides them with access to IBM’s resources and tools, as well as a platform for learning and collaboration.
  • Honeywell Achieves Quantum Computer Record Performance: On March 20, 2021, Honeywell revealed its creation of a quantum computer with an astonishing quantum volume of 512. This feat marked an amazing advancement in quantum computing technology and demonstrated how rapidly progress has been made since then.
  • Amazon Web Services Announces Quantum Computing Service: On June 2021, Amazon Web Services (AWS) announced the launch of its own quantum computing service called Amazon Bracket. This offering gives customers access to various vendors’ hardware as well as tools and resources for developing and testing quantum algorithms.

Key Market Segments

Type

  • Hardware
  • Software
  • Services

Application

  • Defense
  • Healthcare & pharmaceuticals
  • Chemicals
  • Banking & Finance
  • Energy & power

Key Market Players

  • D-Wave Systems
  • Google
  • IBM
  • Intel
  • Microsoft
  • 1QB Information Technologies
  • Anyon Systems
  • Cambridge Quantum Computing
  • ID Quantique
  • IonQ
  • QbitLogic
  • QC Ware
  • Quantum Circuits
  • Qubitekk
  • QxBranch
  • Rigetti Computing

Nature Insights

  • Progress is being made in the development of quantum computing hardware: Despite the challenges facing large-scale quantum computing systems, progress is being made on quantum computing hardware. This includes creating quantum processors with increasingly more qubits and creating new materials suitable for use in quantum computers.
  • Quantum computing software is still in its early stages: While progress is being made with quantum computing hardware, software development for quantum computation remains at a standstill. This presents an immense challenge to the industry as developing efficient quantum algorithms is essential to realizing its full potential.
  • Collaboration is essential to the advancement of quantum computing: Collaboration between companies, academic institutions, and research organizations is essential for progress in this industry. This includes joint efforts to develop new hardware and software systems as well as collaborations that promote quantum computing across various industries.

Report Scope

Report Attribute Details
The market size value in 2022 USD 10.13 Bn
Revenue forecast by 2032 USD 234.6 Bn
Growth Rate CAGR Of 36.89%
Regions Covered North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa, and the Rest of the World
Historical Years 2017-2022
Base Year 2022
Estimated Year 2023
Short-Term Projection Year 2028
Long-Term Projected Year 2032

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FAQ.

What is quantum computing?

Quantum computing is a type of processing data using quantum mechanics. It relies on principles such as superposition, entanglement, and interference which enable quantum computers to perform calculations that would be impossible with classical computers.

What are some potential applications of quantum computing?

Quantum computing holds great promise for revolutionizing industries such as drug discovery, finance, energy, and logistics. Potential uses include creating new drugs and materials, optimizing supply chains and logistics networks, and even improving weather forecasting models with greater precision.

What are some of the challenges facing the quantum computing market?

The quantum computing market faces numerous obstacles, such as technical difficulties in building and running large-scale quantum computers, high costs associated with quantum computing hardware, a scarcity of highly qualified quantum experts, and an absence of practical applications developed and deployed.

Who are some of the major players in the quantum computing market?

Major companies operating within this space include IBM, Google, Microsoft, Honeywell, Intel, and Rigetti Computing. These firms are actively developing and commercializing quantum computing hardware and software systems.

What is the outlook for the quantum computing market?

Overall, analysts anticipate a bright future for quantum computing, with continued investment and innovation anticipated in the coming years. Though still in its early stages of development, its potential advantages are immense - leading to rapid industry growth over the coming years.

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Major quantum computing players include IBM, Google, Microsoft, and Honeywell, with IBM yielding 4.61% and Alphabet's stock up over 40%.

Title:

Content: Buy Alert: 3 Quantum Computing Stocks Nearing Super Attractive Entry Points

Advertisement

  • These stellar quantum computing stock opportunities are poised to become massive investments over the long run.
  • IBM (IBM): Spearheading quantum computing advancements and providing a steady income stream with a 4.61% dividend yield, IBM showcases a unique mix of innovation and financial stability.
  • Defiance Quantum ETF (QTUM): Offering a diversified investment opportunity in its niche, QTUM opens the door to potential growth from industry leaders such as IonQ, Nvidia, and NXP Semiconductors.
  • Alphabet (GOOGL): Demonstrating “quantum supremacy” and posting a 40% stock gain amidst thriving advertising and cloud sectors, Alphabet investors have a lot to look forward to ahead.

In the fascinating landscape tech realm, quantum computing stock opportunities could prove to be incredibly lucrative over time. The notion of quantum computing, born over two decades ago, is now gaining solid traction on The Street. Moreover, the technology, rooted in the mysteries of quantum mechanics, aims to boost computing speeds significantly.

The advancements in quantum computing are impossible to ignore, with continuous improvements and decreasing development costs. Moreover, the sector’s convergence with cloud computing opens doors for broader accessibility among researchers and software developers.

Furthermore, as the digital economy and artificial intelligence sectors grow, global spending on cloud computing is expected to reach a whopping $1 trillion annually within the next decade. Quantum computing appears to be on the cusp of becoming a game-changer, and it might be the most opportune time to load up on affordable quantum computing stocks.

IBM (IBM)

Source: shutterstock.com/LCV

IBM (NYSE:IBM) has made considerable strides in fast-evolving quantum computing. Its pioneering advancements, accessible via cloud services, are critical to the broader cloud and cognitive software division.

IBM’s quantum computing efforts have been extraordinary, developing a unique strategy to combat quantum noise, a notable obstacle in quantum computing. By introducing and tracking the effects of additional noise, the approach could potentially bring quantum computers on par with their conventional counterparts in terms of usability.

Moreover, IBM has introduced a suite of quantum-related products. This includes Qiskit Runtime, efficient task-completion algorithms, and the yet-to-be-released Quantum-Safe, which aims to bolster users’ cybersecurity capabilities in sync with the expanding quantum technology industry.

Moreover, IBM’s attractive dividend yield of 4.61% adds another feather to its cap, providing a reliable long-term income stream supported by its powerful cash flows.

Defiance Quantum ETF (QTUM)

Source: Amin Van / Shutterstock.com

In the quantum computing realm, the Defiance Quantum ETF (NYSEARCA:QTUM) stands out as a fascinating bet for investors seeking a diversified approach to this high-potential sector. This ETF, equipped with a modest expense ratio of 0.40%, delivers exposure to some of the biggest players in quantum computing, diminishing the volatility seen with individual stocks in this emergent field.

The beauty of QTUM lies in its democratization of investment opportunities sidestepping the need for technical comprehension of quantum computing. Hence, QTUM effectively offers a gateway to potential growth spurred by a technology set for many industries. This makes it one of those quantum computing stock opportunities you can’t afford to miss.

Inside the QTUM’s basket, you’ll find leading quantum computing stocks, names such as IonQ (NYSE:IONQ) , Nvidia (NASDAQ:NVDA), and NXP Semiconductors (NASDAQ:NXPI), among others. These companies represent the frontiers of quantum innovation, making QTUM an enticing pick for those aiming to tap into the quantum leap.

Alphabet (GOOGL)

Source: IgorGolovniov / Shutterstock.com

Alphabet (NASDAQ:GOOGL) has effectively carved out its niche in the competitive landscape of quantum computing. Its journey began in 2006, with a breakthrough in 2019 when Alphabet demonstrated “quantum supremacy,” showcasing its quantum computer’s capacity to outperform a conventional computer.

Its quantum prodigy, Sycamore, leveraged 54 qubits to accomplish a calculation in a mere 200 seconds. However, despite concerns from the research community, Alphabet remains undeterred, persistently improving its hardware, software, and algorithms. Consequently, a next-gen Sycamore capable of computations could bog down a supercomputer for an astounding 47 years.

Moreover, in this turbulent year, Alphabet’s stock flourished with over a 40% gain, propelled by robust growth in its advertising and cloud spheres and breakthroughs in conversational AI. Indeed, Alphabet is a quantum player worth watching.

On the date of publication, Muslim Farooque did not have (either directly or indirectly) any positions in the securities mentioned in this article. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the writer, subject to the InvestorPlace.com Publishing Guidelines

Muslim Farooque is a keen investor and an optimist at heart. A life-long gamer and tech enthusiast, he has a particular affinity for analyzing technology stocks. Muslim holds a bachelor’s of science degree in applied accounting from Oxford Brookes University.

Article printed from InvestorPlace Media, https://investorplace.com/2023/08/buy-alert-3-quantum-computing-stocks-nearing-super-attractive-entry-points/.

©2023 InvestorPlace Media, LLC

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

Quantum computing development is hindered by technical and ethical challenges.

Quantum computing can revolutionize industries and aid in solving challenges like climate change.

Title:

Content: While the UK considers where to channel investment, we need to ensure that quantum technology is at the forefront of those considerations.

Quantum will not only drive our economy, but will also help create new opportunities in different sectors, ranging from healthcare to agriculture.

At the Global Investment Summit (GIS) last month, Prime Minister Rishi Sunak announced a three-fold increase, up to £29.5bn, from the world’s leading investors in new UK projects and capital.

These funds will be channelled into “high-growth projects” in the UK, including quantum technology.

It is great to see quantum being recognised as a potential game changer in the future of the UK economy, and it is important that we continue this momentum.

Quantum’s economic and social value

Quantum provides an exciting opportunity for the economy because the technology has a wide range of possible applications.

The last decade has seen an 81% growth in the quantum sector and now contributes an estimated £1.7bn to the UK economy. Financial services, healthcare and climate change - all major sectors in the UK ecosystem - are just three of the areas that will be enhanced by quantum.

The ability to optimise complex financial portfolios in real-time or simulate molecular interactions with unprecedented accuracy could reshape sectors in their entirety. Molecular interaction simulation can assist the healthcare industry to an immense extent.

Possibilities include being able to improve the process of accurately modelling how new drugs will impact different types of conditions and diseases - leading to breakthroughs in serious and harder-to-treat illnesses.

This technology will also help us in the battle against climate change, specifically in its ability to predict weather more accurately. Current computational power for measuring CO2 does not always predict the correct climate outcome, as we saw with the MET office’s prediction for Storm Ciaran.

As quantum technology is introduced into these sectors, it will forecast weather more accurately than our current conventional methods, therefore enhancing the precision of new data.

However, in order to see these possibilities realised, quantum needs investment from the government; it needs further development and innovation to be able to reach its potential.

Nurturing this sector is crucial not only to cement the UK as a leader in this technology, but to enable us to develop the tools that can tackle pressing global issues, whether that is developing more solar farms or investing in nuclear energy.

Investment moves to boost growth

Earlier in 2023, the UK government published its 10-year vision, the National Quantum Strategy. This outlines £2.5bn of public and private investment into the rapidly growing quantum sector.

At the GIS, Oxford Quantum Circuits stated its intention to raise £85m for research and development projects, while SBI Investment - Japan’s foremost venture capital fund - is leading the raise. This raise will be the largest for Series B in quantum computing ever in the UK, supporting the need for investment to empower growth.

Quantum computers need to be developed and operated by the brightest minds in the field to solve the world’s most pressing challenges – from climate change to accelerated drug discovery.

It is crucial that we make investments that induce growth in all sectors, combating concerns about additional capital in quantum being 'snake oil'.

Investment in devices and systems which rely on quantum mechanics will provide capabilities that classical machines cannot; it is just a matter of time.

Facilitating long-term growth

While investment in quantum has not always led to growth, with several smaller enterprises struggling in the short term, it is important that we are supporting research and innovation in this sector in order to facilitate long-term growth.

Quantum technology has a unique power to solve problems that classical computers cannot manage.

When performing complex calculations, quantum is able to pinpoint a more precise answer among the billions of alternate possibilities.

Therefore, with the potential for groundbreaking advancements and transformative applications, quantum computing is set to drive innovation, reshape industries, and unlock new possibilities we can hardly fathom today, culminating in growth.

Graeme Malcolm OBE is the chief executive and founder of M Squared

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

What fields can quantum computers advance?

IBM, Google, and Microsoft are developing quantum computing systems, with IBM targeting 4,000 qubits by 2025 and Google having achieved quantum supremacy in 2019.

Title:

Content: IBM’s Quantum Computing Moves Could Put Industrial Space in Demand

IBM's quantum computing advancements and industrial collaborations are set to boost demand for specialized industrial spaces, transforming sectors like materials science and supply chain logistics.

IBM’s aggressive expansion in quantum computing is set to significantly impact various industries, potentially increasing the demand for industrial space. The company has been at the forefront of quantum research and development, advancing both its hardware and software capabilities. IBM’s recent developments in their Qiskit software stack, which includes over 100 updates, are aimed at enhancing the performance and usability of quantum circuits. These advancements are crucial for the optimization and execution of quantum algorithms, making them more accessible and practical for industrial applications.

Key Partnerships and Industrial Applications

IBM has partnered with major industry players to explore practical applications of quantum computing. For instance, Bosch has joined forces with IBM to utilize quantum computing for materials science research. This collaboration aims to develop new materials for applications such as electromobility and renewable energy, areas where classical computers fall short. The potential to design materials with higher energy efficiency and reduced resource consumption could revolutionize these sectors.

Impact on Supply Chain and Logistics

Quantum computing is poised to transform supply chain management by enhancing modeling capabilities. The complexity of supply chain models, which involve numerous variables, can be better managed with quantum computing. This technology promises to optimize logistics, improve data sharing security, and facilitate digital twin simulations. IBM’s quantum advancements could thus lead to more efficient and resilient supply chains, further driving the demand for industrial space to house these advanced computing facilities.

The Future of Quantum Computing

IBM’s roadmap includes the development of a 4,000-qubit system by 2025, which underscores the company’s commitment to scaling quantum computing capabilities. This modular architecture will enable the integration of quantum and classical computing resources, opening new frontiers in high-performance computing. As these systems become operational, industries will increasingly require specialized facilities to host and manage these advanced quantum computers, driving a surge in demand for industrial real estate.

About the author

Vishal Jain

Vishal’s reviews provide a comprehensive look at the latest software and apps in the market. His hands-on approach and detailed analysis help readers make informed decisions about the tools they use daily.

Title:

Content: The quantum leap: Quantum computing breakthroughs to watch

The classical computer has been the bedrock of computing for over 50 years. That’s going to change soon. quantum computing, which was once a concept limited to fringe scientific papers, is now becoming a mainstream topic.

We’re seeing significant breakthroughs in the headlines which are stoking the flames of conjecture. The truth is, that this technology will bring with it much more than hype and opportunities to breathe life into sci-fi creations. In this article, we’re going to dive into some of the milestones of quantum computing, future goals and, of course, the challenges that we still have to overcome.

The Quantum Paradigm

Classical computers began as room-sized machines. Computer scientists from the 1950s would be completely flummoxed to see the powerful gaming or AI training rigs of today. That said, computers process information using bits -- either a 0 or a 1. quantum computers break the mold by using quantum bits, or qubits. They’re built upon the principles of quantum mechanics, which allow us to conceptualize that a qubit can exist in a state of 0, 1, or both at the same time (this is known as superposition in quantum theory).

As a result of this state, quantum computers are able to measure vast quantities of possibilities at the same time and exponentially increase their computing power compared to classical machines.

Significant Milestones in Quantum Computing

As with everything groundbreaking, quantum computing has been the subject of much fanfare, which has caused tangible advancements to slip through the cracks. This includes:

The Rise of Quantum Supremacy

The idea of "quantum supremacy" once seemed rather farfetched. That was until Google demonstrated with its Sycamore processor exactly what quantum machines could do. Sycamore was given a calculation that would have taken a classical computer 10,000 years to complete. It completed it in 200 seconds. quantum supremacy is now a modern reality and not just a hypothesis.

Innovations in Quantum Error-Correction

The inherently fragile nature of qubits means they're prone to errors from even the smallest environmental interference. Over the years, researchers have been laser-focused on tackling this problem, giving rise to various quantum error-correction protocols. Among the most prominent are the "surface code" and "cat code" methods, which deploy specialized qubit arrangements and extra layers of computational checks to detect and correct errors in real time.

Development of Quantum Algorithms

Unsurprisingly, with the growth of quantum processors has come an increase in quantum algorithms being developed. Algorithms like Shor's (for integer factorization) and Grover's (for database searching) have proven quantum computing's superiority over classical methods.

quantum algorithms have more granular applications as well, especially for devs and larger organizations. They could drastically reduce the time it takes to render documents in a React PDF viewer, particularly those that are large or contain complex elements like high-resolution images or intricate designs. Imagine one day sending petabytes of multimedia files without delay.

In a fraction of a second, teams could edit, compare, and merge files, all on their native platform, without having to wait until all the documentation is ready for analysis or sending.

This is just a microcosm of how massive quality-of-life (QoL) improvements from quantum computing will actually be. Aside from document readers, artists will also be able to render entire films in a matter of seconds, as there will be no resolution too high to be processed instantly. The same goes for 4K video calls without lags, VR gaming, and so much more.

Quantum Potential

What makes quantum computers so powerful is their ability to solve the problems that have simply been out of reach for classical machines, This includes:

  • Cryptography: Certain mathematical problems (like factorizing large prime numbers) are difficult for modern classical computers. quantum computers, however, are able to solve these problems much faster due to their parallel processing capabilities. Modern digital security rests on the assumption that these problems prevent computers from solving them quickly, and so quantum computing will be incredibly disruptive to modern cryptography. "Revolutionary" won’t even begin to define it.
  • Drug Discovery and Material Science: Another difficult task for classical computers is simulating and understanding complex molecular structures. With quantum computing, molecular simulations will be turbo-charged and lead to important breakthroughs in medicine and material science at a blistering pace.
  • Optimization Challenges: Be it traffic management, financial modeling, or supply chain optimization, problems involving multiple variables and constraints could benefit immensely from quantum computing's prowess, resulting in more efficient and optimal solutions.
  • Machine Learning and Big Data: Data is the new oil. And companies everywhere are drilling. quantum computers can process and analyze vast datasets swiftly and can send machine learning models to the stratosphere. This will lead to more accurate predictions and insights.

Navigating Quantum Challenges

The dream of a large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computer is still just a dream for now, due to certain technical hurdles.

The first is maintaining the quantum state of qubits over extended durations. The term for this is ‘quantum coherence’, and it is not an easy task. External disturbances such as cosmic rays or nearby electronic devices can disrupt its state and prevent long computations.

Of course, one must also ponder about scalability. Scaling from a few qubits to thousands or even millions which are needed for more complex tasks will need further innovations in quantum error correction (and system architecture for that matter).

For now, computer scientists have gotten around this by using extremely low temperatures to maintain qubit stability, but this is not something companies or organizations without vast resources can accomplish.

Another aspect to consider is the software ecosystem. quantum computers will need their own kind of software, along with unique programming languages and tools. This will take years and possibly decades of collaboration between physicists, computer scientists, and industry stakeholders before a barebones system is achieved. QApplications in Diverse Domains

quantum computing is going to massively change many sectors. That said, some stand to benefit sooner than the rest:

  • Financial Modeling: The financial sector is an obvious winner when it comes to having more computing power -- the sector is already using AI to its advantage. quantum algorithms will allow traders and analysts to evaluate vast numbers of scenarios extremely quickly, giving those companies with quantum machines an extraordinary advantage.
  • Climate Modeling: Predicting the Earth’s climate involves accounting for a ton of variables and how they interact with each other. quantum computers will allow more accurate climate models and better insights into climate change which will hopefully help us develop better strategies for mitigating it.
  • Logistics and Supply Chain: Efficient solutions to the traveling salesman problem -- a challenge that involves finding the shortest possible route through multiple cities -- could revolutionize logistics, saving time and reducing costs for businesses worldwide.

The Interplay Between Quantum and Classical Systems

While you may think that quantum computers will eventually replace classical computers, the truth is the future more likely has them together in a symbiotic relationship. This is because quantum machines will be used for tasks they’re better at, namely more advanced computational needs, while classical computers will be kept for more routine tasks and for user interfaces. An example of this already exists in cloud-based quantum computing platforms -- where users can send a certain task to a quantum machine and receive the result through their own classical machine.

Looking Towards the Quantum Future

The next decade promises a slew of breakthroughs. Today’s quantum computers are being compared to the classical computers of the 1950s, which is probably accurate considering they’re still in their nascent stage of development and haven’t even begun realizing their full potential.

quantum computing promises an increase in computation power for sure, but it offers much more than that. It promises a massive shift across many industries -- from healthcare to finance, energy and transportation. We live in exciting times as we stand on the precipice of a new era in technology, one that previously only belonged to the pages of science fiction.

Image credit: plotplot/Shutterstock

Lee Li is a project manager and B2B copywriter with a decade of experience in the Chinese fintech startup space as a PM for TaoBao, MeitTuan, and DouYin (now TikTok).

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What are important areas in quantum research?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

What have been the landmark achievements in quantum computing?

Google's Sycamore quantum supremacy experiment

What are important areas in quantum research?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

What have been the landmark achievements in quantum computing?

Google's Sycamore quantum supremacy experiment

Quantum computing can improve finance and healthcare by enhancing derivatives pricing, portfolio selection, risk management, drug discovery, and medical data analysis.

Title:

Content: Ming Pao APP
Newspaper Content
Xu Jiansheng: Quantum technology is the future of the digital economy is the present
[Ming Pao News] Five or six years ago, a senior invited the author to participate in the event to introduce the development of quantum technology in Hong Kong by the university. It was indeed an eye-opener and a lot of learning, and then I realized that Hong Kong also has the ability to develop quantum technology.
However, after many years, quantum technology is still in development and has not been officially commercialized.
So what are quantum technology and quantum computers?
Quantum technology uses the principles of quantum mechanics to link matter and energy levels to create some very strange, very powerful phenomena and applications.
One of the most common is the quantum computer.
A quantum computer is a computer that uses qubits to perform calculations.
Unlike traditional binary (0 to 1) bits, qubits can be in multiple states at the same time, and operations such as quantum interference and quantum cascade can be performed during the calculation process, enabling quantum computers to deal with more complex problems than traditional computers in an instant.
In specific computing models, the computing power of quantum computers is millions or even billions of times faster than current supercomputers.
Quantum computers have a wide range of applications, such as in the fields of chemistry, materials science, financial risk assessment, artificial intelligence, etc.
The impact of quantum computing on the development of artificial intelligence will be exciting, but it can also be risky.
Quantum computing can accelerate the training of AI models to improve the efficiency of algorithms such as natural language processing, image recognition, and more.
In addition, quantum computing is able to handle more complex tasks, better understand context, and provide more accurate and reliable responses.
Applications of this capability are very wide, such as deep learning and natural language generation that can be used for chatbots.
Quantum computing can be used for data verification and accuracy checking.
Its exponential computing speed can filter large amounts of data to confirm and verify the accuracy of information, a level that AI chatbots cannot achieve.
Quantum Computing and Artificial Intelligence Potential Data Risk
There are also potential risks associated with the combination of quantum computing and artificial intelligence, especially threats to data security.
In theory, quantum computers are capable of cracking current encryption methods, which could endanger the security of encrypted data, communication and transactions in various industries, which poses a risk parameter for its future development.
In addition, the emergence of quantum computing may also accelerate the rapid development of artificial intelligence chatbots, because the raw computing power of quantum computers can make the new generation of artificial intelligence systems superior in terms of speed, efficiency and the ability to verify information, which will mark the beginning of a new era of artificial intelligence.
Examples of the combination of quantum computing and artificial intelligence:
Case 1: Quantum computing in artificial intelligence chatbots.
Quantum computing can improve the experience of human-machine conversations by improving the efficiency and accuracy of chatbots.
For example, Microsoft ’ s Q # language could be used to develop a quantum chatbot that can understand natural language for intelligent conversations.
In addition, the UK quantum computing company Cambridge Quantum Computing (CQC) has also developed a chatbot based on quantum computing that can be learned through dialogue and provide a better experience.
Case 2: The application of quantum computing in the medical field.
Quantum computing can process large amounts of data and provide more accurate and reliable analysis results.
For example, D-Wave Systems in Canada partnered with quantum computing company 1QBit to develop a cancer diagnostic tool based on quantum computing.
This tool can analyze large amounts of medical imaging and medical data to provide more accurate diagnostic results and help doctors develop better treatment options.
There must be sufficient resources to cultivate the Web 3.0 industry
Quantum technology is still in its infancy, and experts estimate it will take 10 to 20 years for it to reach commercialization.
In this year ’ s Budget, “Treasurer ” Chen Maobo has earmarked $3 billion for the development of quantum technology and artificial intelligence. The author is of course pleased that the Government has given sufficient resources to support the development of cutting-edge technology.
However, compared with only $50 million for the Cyberport to promote one of the most promising Web3.0 industries to drive the development of the local economy, it is slightly inferior.
In order to cultivate a healthy Web 3.0 industry development soil, we must have sufficient resources to do a good job of user education, lay a good market foundation, in order to more effectively achieve commercialization and popularization.
Chairman of the Hong Kong Computer Association and Convenor of the Meta Universe Industry Alliance
(Criticism in articles published by this website is aimed at pointing out errors or deficiencies in relevant systems, policies or measures, with the aim of correcting or eliminating these errors or deficiencies and improving them through lawful means, with no intention of inciting hatred, dissatisfaction or hostility towards the government or other communities.)
[Hsu Chien-sheng Frontier Technology]

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely fast calculations
extremely complex calculations

What fields can quantum computers advance?

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely fast calculations
extremely complex calculations

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Quantum computing can optimize supply chain management and improve data security in logistics, as seen in companies like Qilimanjaro.

Title:

Content: IQM Quantum Computers to supply quantum processing units for Spain ’ s first quantum computer
• IQM is a member of the consortium led by Qilimanjaro Quantum Tech and GMV
IQM to deliver first quantum processing unit in Q2 2023
Quantum computer to be installed at Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC) and integrated into MareNostrum 5 supercomputer
IQM Quantum Computer opened (Photo: Business Wire)
BARCELONA, Spain -- (BUSINESS WIRE) -- IQM Quantum Computers (IQM), a leader in quantum computers in Europe, announced today that it has been selected to supply quantum processing units for the first Spanish quantum computer.
The computer will be installed at the Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC) and integrated into Spain ’ s extremely powerful MareNostrum 5 supercomputer.
IQM is a member of a consortium led by Spanish companies Qilimanjaro Quantum Tech and GMV, selected by Quantum Spain. Quantum Spain is an initiative promoted by the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation through the Secretary of State for Digitalization and Artificial Intelligence (SEDIA) in December 2022 to build the first quantum computer for public use in Southern Europe.
Dr. Jan Goetz, co-founder and CEO of IQM Quantum Computers, said: “This is a major announcement from IQM.
We have the right background and experience in developing quantum processors, computers, and national quantum ecosystems.
We look forward to working with Qilimanjaro Quantum Tech and are excited to be part of such a strong consortium and play an important role by providing quantum processing units for this prestigious project. ”
The integration of quantum computers into MareNostrum 5 enables solutions that complement the capabilities of existing supercomputers for use by research institutions, companies and public organizations, as well as the development of technology and industry in Spain and the creation of high-quality jobs, thereby significantly increasing the impact of research and innovation.
Victor Canivell, co-founder and CEO of Qilimanjaro, said: “We are delighted to be able to leverage the expertise of an excellent company like IQM to support the development of this innovative system, which will be based entirely on Spanish and European technologies.
We believe this will be a productive collaboration and we look forward to working with IQM to roll out the system. ”
Jani Heikkinen, Head of Business Development and Regional Manager, Spain, said: “This is yet another example of our European leadership and it demonstrates our commitment to working with public and private institutions to advance the Spanish quantum ecosystem.
We can also provide the necessary support for the project through our office in Madrid, "he said.
About IQM Quantum Computers
IQM is a pan-European leader in building quantum computers.
IQM provides internal quantum computers for supercomputing centers and research labs and provides full access to their hardware.
For industrial customers, IQM leverages its quantum advantage through a unique, application-specific joint design approach.
IQM is currently working with VTT to build Finland ’ s first commercial 54-qubit quantum computer.
In addition, a consortium led by IQM (Q-Exa) is building quantum computers in Germany that will be integrated into HPC supercomputers to create quantum accelerators for future scientific research.
IQM has offices in Singapore, Paris, Madrid, Munich and Espoo and employs more than 240 people.
For industrial IQMs, quantum advantages are provided through a unique, application-specific, co-design approach.
About Qilimanjaro
Qilimanjaro Quantum Tech is a high-tech startup that uses analog models, a different but complementary model of quantum computing, to bring practical applications of quantum computing to market in less time than digital quantum computers.
Qilimanjaro has created a coherent quantum retreater that runs real-world applications through our cloud, such as optimization tasks in areas such as logistics, finance and energy sectors, as well as quantum simulations of chemical and physical processes that are prevalent in the materials and pharmaceutical research industries.
Qilimanjaro aims to provide customers with faster, more accurate and sustainable solutions to computing problems.
Since its first year of operation, the company has signed a number of customer contracts and is a major contributor to the European Commission ’ s AVaQus H2020 coherent quantum annealing project.
Qilimanjaro is a spin-off of the Barcelona Supercomputer Centre (BSC), the University of Barcelona (UB) and the Spanish Institute of High Energy Physics (IFAE).
About GMV
GMV is a privately held technology conglomerate founded in 1984 that trades globally in the following industries: aerospace, aviation, defense and security, cybersecurity, intelligent transportation systems, automotive, healthcare, telecommunications and IT, serving government agencies and large corporations.
With more than 3,000 employees, the company currently has subsidiaries in Spain, the United States, Germany, France, Poland, Portugal, Romania, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Belgium, Malaysia and Colombia, with 2021 revenue approaching 260 million euros.
75% of its turnover comes from international projects on five continents.
The company adopts a growth strategy based on continuous innovation and invests 5% of its turnover in internal research and development. GMV has been certified by CMMI Level 5, the world ’ s most authoritative model for organizational process capability enhancement, and holds several international patents.
Disclaimer: The original version of this announcement is the official authorized version. The translation is for convenience only. Please refer to the original version, the original version is the only version with legal effect.
Contacts
IQM Media Contacts
Raghunath Koduvayur, Head of Marketing and Communications
Email: Raghunath @ meetiqm.com
Mobile: + 65 9353 0048
www.metiqm.com
Media Contacts
Alícia Labián Pagès, Corporate Operations Manager
Email: alicia.labian @ qilimanjaro.tech
Mobile: + 34 676 683 876
www.qilimanjaro.tech
For more information please contact:
marketing @ gmv.com
www.gmv.com
Contacts
IQM Media Contacts
Raghunath Koduvayur, Head of Marketing and Communications
Email: Raghunath @ meetiqm.com
Mobile: + 65 9353 0048
www.metiqm.com
Media Contacts
Alícia Labián Pagès, Corporate Operations Manager
Email: alicia.labian @ qilimanjaro.tech
Mobile: + 34 676 683 876
www.qilimanjaro.tech
For more information please contact:
marketing @ gmv.com
www.gmv.com

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Quantum computing development requires significant investment, with $2.35 billion invested in startups in 2022.

Title:

Content: Investments in quantum computing startups reached $2.35 billion in 2022
Quantum technologies have great potential for both science and business, and attract large investments in different countries of the world, including Russia.
This is stated in the analytical report "Quantum Computing: Prospects for Business", which was prepared jointly with the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "VNIIA named after N.L. Dukhov" and the Institute of Artificial Intelligence AIRI.
“Increasing attention in the world is paid to supporting start-ups in the field of quantum technologies.
In 2022, venture investors around the world invested $2.35 billion in them.
Also last year, almost 1,600 patents were issued and published in all subfields of quantum computing: from physical implementations of quantum equipment and error correction to AI [artificial intelligence] and machine learning.
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Leading countries, realizing the breakthrough potential of this direction, include quantum technologies in national programs and allocate increasing budgets for research.
The leader is China with $15.3 billion in government funding.
Development programs have the leading technological corporations of the world.
So, which has made a quantum processor for 433 qubits [qubit or quantum bit - the main unit of information in quantum processors and quantum computing], plans this year to increase the number of qubits to 1121, and intends to show a device for a thousand qubits after 2025.
The intention to develop a full stack of technologies for quantum computing announced and has already released to the market quantum chips on spin qubits.
In Russia, work on quantum computing is underway on four key physical platforms: superconducting qubits, photonic circuits, neutral atoms, and trapped ions.
The Russian Federation has also formed a pool of organizations, including companies, scientific institutions and universities that conduct research and development, study the applicability of quantum computing to practical tasks.
“Quantum computing can give the world an impetus to the development of new industries based on the processing of big data.
In addition, they can improve the performance and efficiency of artificial intelligence algorithms, the accuracy of models and simulations of complex systems (such as molecules of new drugs, chemical reactions or physical processes), as well as provide a new level of calculations in finance and logistics, new solutions to climate problems and cryptographic algorithms that will provide a higher level of security.
The authors of the report come to the conclusion that although no one in the world has been able to demonstrate practical quantum superiority, nevertheless, companies should plan today what will happen after its achievement.
Quantum computing is able to integrate seamlessly into data processing workflows, using adaptation tools for popular programming languages and interfaces.

Quantum computing performance metrics and benchmarks are still evolving.

Title:

Content: People 's Daily Online > > Economy and Technology
A major breakthrough in the development of reliable quantum computers
June 26, 2023 09: 24 | Source: Science and Technology Daily
Small number
BEIJING, June 25 (Xinhua) -- A team of researchers from the quantum division of Microsoft Corporation in the United States has made the first milestone breakthrough in creating a reliable and practical quantum computer.
In a recent paper published in the journal Physical Review B, the team describes this milestone breakthrough and their plan to build a reliable quantum computer over the next 25 years.
For a quantum supercomputer to be able to solve not only problems that classical computers cannot solve, but also to scale to solve the most complex problems facing the world today, it must be both high performance and reliable.
The research team has devised a new way to represent logical qubits with hardware stability.
It is reported that the device can induce the type of fermions, a phase of matter characterized by the zero mode of Majorana.
The research team also reports that these devices have shown low enough disorder to demonstrate that the technique is feasible through topological gap protocols.
Microsoft said in its announcement that it has created a new metric to measure the performance of quantum supercomputers — reliable quantum operands per second (rQOPS).
This number describes how many reliable operations a computer can perform in a second, and it takes into account the performance of the entire system, not just the performance of the qubits, so it ensures the correct operation of the algorithm.
Research shows that the first quantum supercomputer requires at least 1 million rQOPS and will scale to more than 1 billion to solve impactful chemical and material science problems.
Christa Wall, Microsoft ’ s vice president of advanced quantum technology development, said that within 10 years, the final part of the company ’ s quantum computing roadmap, which is to build a quantum supercomputer, will be reached.
(Editor: Wang Renhong, Chen Jian)
Public Number ： People 's Network Finance
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Quantum computing is rapidly advancing, with potential to transform industries and solve complex problems.

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely fast calculations
extremely complex calculations

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Quantum computing can solve complex problems and speed up model training processes.

Title:

Content: Interview with Dr. Yu Longwu: Looking forward to the future development of artificial intelligence and quantum computing
Social Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Future Prospects
Renowned artificial intelligence and quantum computing expert Dr. Yu Longwu shared his insights on the future development of artificial intelligence.
Dr. Yu Longwu pointed out that 2023 is a brilliant year for generative artificial intelligence such as ChatGPT, and looking forward to 2024, artificial intelligence technology will continue to show several important trends.
I encourage young researchers and students to remain curious and inquisitive, to focus on basic learning, to develop interdisciplinary thinking skills, to focus on teamwork and communication skills, and to have a sense of social responsibility.
— Yu Longwu
SAN DIEGO, CA, USA, June 27, 2024 / EINPresswire.com / -- Interview with Mr. Yu Longwu, a North American headline and a scholar in the field of artificial intelligence.
In the latest interview, Dr. Yu Longwu, a well-known artificial intelligence and quantum computing expert, shared his insights on the future development of artificial intelligence.
Dr. Yu Longwu pointed out that 2023 is a brilliant year for generative artificial intelligence such as ChatGPT, and looking forward to 2024, artificial intelligence technology will continue to show several important trends.
Artificial Intelligence Big Model Towards General Artificial Intelligence
Dr. Yu Longwu first mentioned that the AI model will gradually move towards general artificial intelligence.
The large model represented by ChatGPT demonstrates its powerful natural language processing capabilities, but the next generation aims to achieve general artificial intelligence.
Dr. Yu Longwu revealed that OpenAI is training the next generation of artificial intelligence, tentatively named "Q *".
To his knowledge, this generation of AI is being trained “from scratch ” for the first time, with intelligence that does not rely on data from human activity and has the ability to modify its own code to accommodate more complex learning tasks.
Although "Q *" can only solve the mathematics problem of primary school difficulty at present, its future potential cannot be underestimated.
Interview with Dr. Yu Longwu: Looking forward to the future development of artificial intelligence and quantum computing
He said: "General AI is not limited to certain specific tasks, but is capable of solving a wide range of scientific and technical problems.
For example, OpenAI is training the next generation of AI, tentatively named ‘ Q * ’.
This marks a new milestone, "he said.
Synthetic data breaks training data bottlenecks
Dr. Yu Longwu pointed out that synthetic data will play an important role in the development of artificial intelligence in the future.
Data bottlenecks have been one of the main factors limiting the development of AI, and synthetic data can provide a large amount of high-quality data to alleviate this bottleneck.
In addition, synthetic data helps to resolve data privacy and security issues and reduce legal disputes.
He explains: “Synthetic data is data generated by machine learning models that mimic real data.
Its advantage lies in providing a large amount of high-quality data and solving the problem of insufficient existing data.
In addition, synthetic data can solve data privacy and security issues and avoid legal disputes. ”
The application of quantum computing in artificial intelligence | Dr. Yu Longwu
Dr. Yu Longwu is optimistic about the application of quantum computers in the field of artificial intelligence.
Quantum computers have powerful parallel computing capabilities, which can greatly improve the computing power of artificial intelligence.
With the continuous progress of quantum computing technology, quantum computing is expected to become the key to solving the bottleneck of AI computing power.
He pointed out: "The parallel computing power of quantum computers gives them a significant advantage in solving complex computational problems.
For example, in machine learning, many algorithms need to do a lot of matrix operations and optimization problems, and quantum computing can greatly speed up these processes. ”
Interview with Dr. Yu Longwu: Looking forward to the future development of artificial intelligence and quantum computing
Self-supervised learning and multi-modal learning
Dr. Yu also mentioned that technologies such as self-supervised learning, multi-modal learning and edge computing will play an important role in the development of artificial intelligence in the future.
Self-supervised learning can reduce dependence on labeled data by training with unlabeled data; multi-modal learning can process and integrate data from different sources; and edge computing can handle real-time processing where the data is generated, reducing latency and improving efficiency.
He said: "By using unlabeled data for training, self-supervised learning can greatly reduce the dependence on labeled data and improve the training efficiency."
Multi-modal learning, which can process and integrate data from different sources, will greatly expand the scope of AI applications. ”
Future challenges and responses
Despite the bright prospects, Dr. Yu also reminds us to be cautious about the challenges ahead.
He pointed out that the development of artificial intelligence is not without resistance and problems.
The first is technical bottlenecks and resource constraints.
The training and operation of large-scale models requires a lot of computing resources and electricity, which is a huge burden on the environment and the economy.
In addition, data privacy and security issues remain serious.
AI systems need a lot of data to train, which often contains sensitive information and personal privacy, and how to protect this data is a major challenge.
"We must develop and implement effective laws and policies to ensure that the development of AI is ethical and ethical and prevents misuse and malicious use," he said.
Interview with Dr. Yu Longwu: Looking forward to the future development of artificial intelligence and quantum computing
The integration of quantum computing and artificial intelligence
The application prospect of quantum computing in artificial intelligence
When talking about the integration of quantum computing and artificial intelligence, Dr. Yu Longwu showed great enthusiasm.
He pointed out that the application prospect of quantum computing in artificial intelligence is very broad.
First, the parallel computing power of quantum computers gives them a significant advantage in solving complex computational problems, such as in machine learning, where many algorithms need to perform a large number of matrix operations and optimization problems, and quantum computing can greatly speed up these processes.
"Quantum computers are capable of dealing with problems that classical computers cannot solve, such as cracking complex encryption algorithms, simulating the quantum behavior of molecules and materials, and solving complex optimization problems," he said.
Quantum machine learning
Dr. Yu also stressed that the combination of quantum computing and artificial intelligence can improve the training efficiency of AI models.
Quantum machine learning algorithms can run on a quantum computer, speeding up the model training process and improving the training accuracy.
Especially for deep learning, which requires a lot of computational resources, this will bring significant improvements.
He said: "Quantum machine learning algorithms can run on a quantum computer, speeding up the model training process and improving the training accuracy.
This is especially important for deep learning, which requires a lot of computational resources. ”
Challenges Faced
Dr. Yu Longwu also pointed out that at present, quantum computing still faces many challenges in practical applications, such as the limitation of quantum bits, the problem of quantum error correction, the development of quantum algorithms and the limitation of hardware technology.
Nevertheless, he is confident in the future of quantum computing, believing that as technology continues to advance, quantum computing will play an increasingly important role in the development of artificial intelligence.
"Despite these challenges, I believe that with the continuous advancement of technology, quantum computing will certainly play an increasingly important role in promoting the development of artificial intelligence in the future," he said.
Collaboration between quantum computing and traditional computing
Dr. Yu Longwu believes that in the future, quantum computers will not completely replace traditional computers, but the two will develop together and play their respective roles.
Quantum computers have significant advantages when dealing with complex parallel computing tasks, while traditional computers still perform well when performing some simple, linear tasks.
By combining quantum computing with traditional computing, optimal computing efficiency and performance can be achieved.
"Quantum computing and traditional computing have their own strengths, and in the future the two will work together to achieve the best computing efficiency and performance," he said.
Specific Application Scenarios
In terms of specific application scenarios, Dr. Yu Longwu mentioned that quantum computing can play an important role in areas such as drug discovery, materials science, optimization problems, and financial modeling.
For example, in drug discovery, quantum computing can simulate the quantum behavior of molecules and accelerate the drug screening process; in materials science, quantum computing can help design new materials and optimize their performance; in optimization problems, quantum computing can quickly find the optimal solution and improve decision-making efficiency; in financial modeling, quantum computing can improve the accuracy of risk assessment and investment strategies.
"Quantum computing has broad application prospects in areas such as drug discovery, materials science, optimization problems, financial modeling, and can greatly enhance the level of research and application in these fields," he said.
Social Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Future Prospects
Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Society
At the end of the interview, Dr. Yu discussed the far-reaching impact of artificial intelligence on society.
He pointed out that artificial intelligence has great potential in improving productivity and quality of life.
For example, AI can be used in medical diagnostics to help doctors diagnose diseases more accurately and improve treatment effectiveness; it can be used in autonomous driving to improve traffic safety and efficiency; it can be used in smart homes to make our lives more convenient and comfortable.
In addition, artificial intelligence can also be used for scientific research, accelerating scientific discoveries, and solving some of the major challenges facing humanity, such as climate change, energy shortage and so on.
"Artificial intelligence has great potential to boost productivity and improve quality of life, and can dramatically improve efficiency and effectiveness in all areas," he said.
Challenges and Risks Faced
However, Dr. Yu also warned about the challenges posed by artificial intelligence.
He mentioned that the development of artificial intelligence may lead to the disappearance of some traditional jobs, which will lead to employment problems.
Businesses may try to hire fewer people to perform the same tasks, resulting in large numbers of workers losing their jobs.
In addition, data privacy and security issues are also important challenges for AI.
AI requires a lot of data to train and operate, which may contain personal privacy and sensitive information, and how to protect the security of this data is a major challenge.
"The development of artificial intelligence may lead to the disappearance of some traditional jobs, and companies may try to hire fewer people to perform the same tasks, which will have a knock-on effect on the job market," he said.
Ethical and Moral Issues of Artificial Intelligence
The third is the ethical issue of artificial intelligence.
Dr. Yu Longwu pointed out that the development of artificial intelligence may bring some ethical and moral issues, such as whether artificial intelligence decision-making is fair, and whether artificial intelligence will pose a threat to human beings.
How to formulate and implement effective laws and policies to ensure that the development of AI is ethical and ethical is an issue that needs to be studied and explored in depth.
"The development of artificial intelligence raises a number of ethical and ethical issues, and we have to make sure that the development of artificial intelligence is ethical and ethical," he said.
Future outlook
Dr. Yu Longwu is full of expectations for the future development of artificial intelligence.
He hopes that AI can play a role in more fields, solve more practical problems, and make greater breakthroughs in intelligence and autonomy.
At the same time, he stressed that the development of artificial intelligence must be safe and controllable, and a sound artificial intelligence governance system needs to be established to ensure that it does not pose a threat to human society.
"I hope that AI can play a role in more areas, solve more practical problems, and at the same time ensure that the development of AI is safe and controllable," he said.
Advice for young researchers and students
Finally, Dr. Yu Longwu put forward several suggestions for young researchers and students.
He encouraged them to maintain their curiosity and spirit of exploration, focus on basic knowledge learning, develop interdisciplinary thinking skills, focus on teamwork and communication skills, and have a sense of social responsibility.
He believes that the younger generation of researchers will play an important role in the development of artificial intelligence in the future, bringing more benefits to human society.
"I encourage young researchers and students to remain curious and inquisitive, focus on basic learning, develop interdisciplinary thinking skills, focus on teamwork and communication skills, and be socially responsible," he said.
Summing up
In this in-depth interview, Dr. Yu Longwu painted a blueprint for the future of artificial intelligence and quantum computing for us.
His insights not only reveal the current direction of technology, but also provide us with ideas and ways to meet the challenges of the future.
With the continuous advancement of technology, artificial intelligence and quantum computing will continue to drive social progress and bring a better future for mankind.
Cheng Yi
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Interview with Dr. Yu Longwu: Looking forward to the future development of artificial intelligence and quantum computing

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely fast calculations
extremely complex calculations

What fields can quantum computers advance?

IBM's Qiskit software stack has over 100 updates for better quantum computing performance.

What are important areas in quantum research?

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

Google has developed a 70-qubit quantum computer that can instantly process 70 bits of information.

Title:

Content: Google develops a quantum computer that can instantly make calculations that would take the best rival supercomputers 47 YEARS

  • Google claimed to have achieved 'quantum supremacy' before its rivals in 2019
  • But at the time the huge claim was questioned by quantum rivals including IBM
  • Now a newer device is 'beyond capabilities of existing classical supercomputers'

Within the next couple of decades, experts think quantum computers will replace the 'classical' computers at our desks and revolutionise our lives.

By employing the odd effects of quantum physics, they'll be capable of speeding up machine learning, solving climate change and discovering new drugs, it's believed.

Now, Google claims it's hit a major milestone in the quest to build such a device, by achieving 'quantum supremacy' – solving problems that no classical machine can.

The tech giant says it has created a quantum computer capable of instantly making calculations that would take even the fastest computer in existence today 47 years to do.

If this sounds familiar, Google said it achieved quantum supremacy back in 2019, although at the time the claim was questioned by opponents.

Google claims it's achieved 'quantum supremacy' - using a quantum device to solve problems that no classical machine can. According to Google, the newest version of its Sycamore quantum processor runs 70 qubits, more than its earlier version of Sycamore that had 53 qubits (pictured)

READ MORE: Google 'achieved quantum supremacy' in 2019

Google announced its 2019 breakthrough in Nature

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Rival IBM pointed out that the task Google's Sycamore quantum computer was able to perform was not a particularly difficult one and could technically be done by a classical machine albeit more slowly.

Four years on, Google researchers claim to have created a more powerful machine with capabilities beyond classical machines – in other words, quantum supremacy.

It remains unclear how much the quantum computer cost to develop, although MailOnline has contacted Google for further information.

'Quantum computers hold the promise of executing tasks beyond the capability of classical computers,' the team say in their paper, published on the arXiv pre-print server, yet to be peer reviewed.

'We estimate the computational cost against improved classical methods and demonstrate that our experiment is beyond the capabilities of existing classical supercomputers.'

Quantum technology makes use of the spooky effects of quantum physics to vastly speed up information processing, which could lead to the most powerful computer on Earth.

Even the fastest computers that exist today – such as the Frontier supercomputer in Tennessee – don't match the potential of quantum computers.

These 'conventional' or 'classical' computers use the processing language of binary code, a language based on one of two states – zeroes or ones.

In the new paper, Google demonstrates quantum supremacy or quantum advantage. This graph compares performance of the 70-qubit quantum computer compared with the previous iteration (Sycamore-53) and the Chinese Zuchongzhi quantum computer

Even the fastest computers that exist today, such as the Frontier supercomputer in Tennessee (pictured), don't match the potential of quantum computers

READ MORE: 'Quantum apocalypse' could make data vulnerable

Quantum computing could break the encryptions that secure banking and medical details, experts say (file photo)

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But quantum mechanics allows a unit of quantum information – a quantum bit or 'qubit' – to be in a state of zero, one, or both states simultaneously.

According to Google, the newest version of its Sycamore quantum processor runs 70 qubits, more than its earlier version of Sycamore that had 53 qubits.

A quantum processor with 70 qubits means that it can store and process 70 quantum bits of information – impossible for a classical computer however fast or slow it's going.

To put this power increase in perspective, the team says Frontier would only take 6.18 seconds to match a calculation from Google's 53-qubit computer, but would take 47.2 years to match its latest one.

Google researchers say they now have the 'ultimate goal of demonstrating and verifying the beyond-classical performance for our 70-qubit device'.

IBM is yet to comment on Google's new work, but Steve Brierley, chief executive of Cambridge-based quantum company Riverlane, told the Telegraph that Google's new work is a 'major milestone'.

'The squabbling about whether we had reached, or indeed could reach, quantum supremacy is now resolved,' he said.

IBM's Q System One (pictured) is a quantum computer available to businesses and researchers. The IBM Q System One is a powerful quantum computer, but it is not yet powerful enough to achieve quantum supremacy

READ MORE: Sussex reveals blueprint for building quantum computer

The University of Sussex is leading the UK's charge to build a quantum computer

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However, Sebastian Weidt, from the University of Sussex's Ion Quantum Technology group, echoed much of the criticism from 2019 – that Google is yet to demonstrate solving a useful problem with quantum.

'This is a very nice demonstration of quantum advantage,' Weidt said.

'While a great achievement academically, the algorithm used does not really have real world practical applications though.

'We really must get to utility quantum computing – an era where quantum computers with many thousand qubits actually begin to deliver value to society in a way that classical computers never will be able to.'

Professor Winfried Hensinger, director of the Sussex Centre for Quantum Technologies, told MailOnline: 'Google solved a particular academic problem which is hard to compute on a conventional computer.

'Their most recent demonstration is yet another powerful demonstration that quantum computers are developing at steady pace.

'The next important step will be to build quantum computer which can correct for the inherent errors within their operation.'

The University of Sussex is leading the UK's charge to build a quantum computer, along with the likes of big tech firms including Google, IBM and Microsoft.

Ultimately, the aim is to build a 'commercial' quantum computer – one that could be purchased by members of the public.

As this is still a decade or two away at least, for now, firms are building 'experimental' quantum computers that are still in the research and development phase.

IBM has already created a quantum machine called Q System One, available for businesses and researchers to use.

After it was revealed in 2019, critics pointed out that it only had 20 qubits and was not powerful enough to achieve quantum supremacy.

Did Google really achieve quantum supremacy in 2019?

In 2019, Google said its 53-quibit quantum computer could perform a calculation in 200 seconds that would take classical computers 10,000 years.

Writing in the journal Nature, the team said they performed a fixed set of operations that entangles 53 qubits into a quantum state to solve a random number sampling task.

However, Google’s big rivals in quantum technology research including IBM took issue with Google's claim that it had achieved the so-called act of 'quantum supremacy' – solving problems that no classical machine can.

IBM, which is working on its own quantum computer design, argued that the random number generator task completed by Google's 'Sycamore' quantum computer is technically achievable on a classical computer – after 10,000 years of processing.

‘Because the original meaning of the term quantum supremacy, as proposed by John Preskill in 2012, was to describe the point where quantum computers can do things that classical computers can't, this threshold has not been met,' IBM researchers wrote in a blog post.

Professor Winfried Hensinger, director of the Sussex Centre for Quantum Technologies, told Laboratory News at the time: ‘The problem they [Google] picked is a completely utterly useless problem.

'The next step will be to solve useful problems.’

Google claims quantum computer breaththrough

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

What are important areas in quantum research?

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

What fields can quantum computers advance?

China has allocated $15.3 billion for quantum technologies, achieving superiority in optical and superconducting computing.

Title:

Content: China successfully developed "Jiuzhang-3" quantum computing prototype to set world record again
Author: Fan Yuying
Published: Updated:
Today (11), the 255-photon quantum computing prototype "Jiuzhang No. 3" was successfully developed by a research team from China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystems and Information Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the National Center for Parallel Computer Engineering Technology.
It is reported that the results once again refresh the world record of light quantum information technology, solve the Gaussian Bose sampling mathematical problem than the world's fastest supercomputer 100 million times faster, in the development of a quantum computer is an important step.
Quantum computing is a new computing paradigm in the post-Moore era, with ultra-fast parallel computing capabilities in principle, and is expected to achieve exponential level acceleration compared to classical computers in some problems of great social and economic value through specific quantum algorithms.
Therefore, the development of quantum computers is one of the biggest challenges at the forefront of world science and technology.
The internationally renowned journal Physical Review Letters published the results.
According to the best algorithm published in the public, the speed of Gaussian Bose sampling is 1 million times faster than the previous generation of "Nine Chapters 2". The most complex sample can be calculated by "Nine Chapters 3" in 1 microsecond, and the current world's fastest supercomputer "Frontier" (Frontier) takes about 20 billion years.
China has successfully developed the prototype of the "Nine Chapter Three" quantum computing machine. (CCTV News)
In 2020, a team from China University of Science and Technology successfully built a 76-photon "Nine Chapter" optical quantum computing prototype, achieving the "quantum computing superiority" of the optical system internationally for the first time, and overcoming the loophole that quantum superiority in Google's experiments depends on the number of samples.
In 2021, a team from China National University of Science and Technology successfully developed a 113-photon phase-programmable “Jiuchang No. 2 ” and a 56-bit“ Zuchong No. 2 ” quantum computing prototype, making China the only country to achieve “quantum computing superiority ” in both optical and superconducting technology routes.
The international competitive situation of optical quantum computing. (CCTV News)
Through a series of innovations, the team of China University of Science and Technology has achieved the ability to manipulate 255 photons for the first time, greatly improving the complexity of light quantum computing, and processing Gaussian Bose sampling is a million times faster than the "Nine Chapter Two".
On the original basis, the research team also revealed the mathematical relationship between Gaussian Bose sampling and graph theory, completing the solution of two types of graph theory problems of practical value, such as dense subgraphs, compared with the speed of accurate simulation of classical computers 180 million times faster.
In addition, it also demonstrated the advantages of unconditional multi-photon quantum precision measurement for the first time in the world.

How much have countries and blocs invested in quantum computing?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

China's Jiuzhang-3 solves Gaussian Bose sampling 100 million times faster than the world's fastest supercomputer, calculating in 1 microsecond what would take 20 billion years.

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely fast calculations
extremely complex calculations

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

Google's Sycamore processor achieved quantum supremacy, solving a 10,000-year task in 200 seconds, with real-time error correction.

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely fast calculations
extremely complex calculations

What are important areas in quantum research?

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

What have been the landmark achievements in quantum computing?

Google's Sycamore quantum supremacy experiment

Quantum computers excel at parallel computing and simulating molecular behavior.

Microsoft is developing a reliable quantum computer and a metric called reliable quantum operands per second (rQOPS) to measure performance.

What are important areas in quantum research?

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

Quantum computing can enhance AI performance and provide new climate solutions.

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Researchers have made breakthroughs in creating reliable quantum computers and devising relevant algorithms.

Title:

Content: People 's Daily Online > > Economy and Technology
New Algorithm Transforms Physical Problems into Quantum Language
December 28, 2023 09: 07 | Source: Science and Technology Daily
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New Algorithm Transforms Physical Problems into Quantum Language
Scientists at Google have devised an algorithm that can translate complex physical problems into the language of quantum physics, which could make quantum computers more useful.
The paper was published recently in the journal Physical Review X.
Once quantum computers become powerful enough, they may be useful for specific tasks such as encryption and drug discovery, but whether they can solve many scientific problems that traditional computers cannot handle is still unknown.
Lead researcher Ryan Barbush and colleagues have developed an algorithm that can translate a large number of traditional physics problems to run on a quantum computer.
Moreover, when simulating an important traditional system on a quantum computer, the operation speed will be exponentially increased.
The team explained that any stabilization system that is disturbed by an external force, such as a Kevlar vest suddenly hit by a bullet, can be described in the mathematical language of systems such as balls and springs.
Objects in these systems obey Hooke ’ s law and bounce back and forth.
The study found that, no matter how complex, the mathematical description of these traditional spring systems can be represented as a version of the Schrödinger equation, which describes how any quantum system changes over time.
By observing the similarity between the two equations and using symmetry, the researchers wrote an algorithm that translates the distance and speed of the spring ’ s movement into the language of the Schrödinger equation as well as the qubits used by the quantum computer.
This ball and spring system can describe many physical problems, including most wave-like systems, such as neuronal activity maps or light reflected from the surface.
Babush ’ s team has yet to figure out how many qubits it would take to run an algorithm, possibly beyond the number of qubits available in today ’ s quantum computers, to solve these physical problems or one of the first applications for error-correcting quantum computers.
(Editor: Yang Xi, Chen Jian)
Public Number ： People 's Network Finance
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What are important areas in quantum research?

Quantum computers use qubits that can exist in multiple states, enabling superposition and exponential power.

Title:

Content: Unleashing the Power of Quantum Computing: A Qualitative Shift in Technology
Introduction:
Quantum computing, a revolutionary field of study, has caused a stir in the scientific community and beyond.
Thanks to its ability to solve complex problems with unprecedented speed, quantum computing holds the key to opening new frontiers in different fields.
In this article, we will delve into the importance of quantum computing, explore its potential applications, and address some of the common questions surrounding this cutting-edge technology.
Understanding Quantum Computing:
Quantum computing harnesses the principles of quantum mechanics to process and process information.
Unlike classical bit-based computers (0 and 1), quantum computers use quantum bits or qubits, which can exist in multiple states at once.
This unique property, known as superposition, enables quantum computers to perform complex calculations significantly faster than classical computers.
Importance of quantum computing:
1.
Solving complex problems: Quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize industries such as drug discovery, performance improvement, cryptography, and materials science.
Its enormous computational power allows for the effective simulation of molecular interactions, the optimization of complex systems, and the development of secure cryptographic algorithms.
2.
The development of artificial intelligence: Quantum computing can significantly enhance machine learning algorithms by accelerating data processing and pattern recognition.
This can lead to breakthroughs in areas such as natural language processing, image recognition, and predictive analytics.
3.
Improving supply chains: Quantum computing can revolutionize supply chain management by improving logistics, reducing costs, and improving efficiency.
Its ability to handle vast amounts of data and solve complex optimization problems can streamline processes, reduce waste, and boost overall productivity.
4.
Climate modeling and simulation: Quantum computing can help model and simulate climate, enabling scientists to better understand and predict climate patterns.
This can contribute to the development of effective mitigation strategies.
5.
Secure communication: Quantum computing offers the possibility of creating unbreakable encryption algorithms, ensuring secure communication channels in an increasingly interconnected world.
Quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols leverage the principles of quantum mechanics to provide secure communication channels that are resistant to hacking attempts.
Frequently Asked Questions:
S1.
How is quantum computing different from classical computing?
A1.
Classical computing is based on bits, which can represent either 0 or 1.
On the other hand, quantum computing uses qubits, which can exist in multiple states at once, thanks to the principle of superposition.
S2.
Are quantum computers commercially available?
A2.
While quantum computers are still in their early stages of development, many companies and research institutions are actively working to build practical quantum computers.
However, widespread commercial availability has not yet been achieved.
Q3.
Will quantum computing replace classical computing?
A3.
Quantum computing is not expected to completely replace classical computing.
Instead, classical computing is expected to be complemented by solving specific problems that are currently intractable on classical computers.
Q4.
What are the challenges in quantum computing?
A4.
Quantum computing faces challenges such as maintaining the stability of qubits, reducing errors caused by decoding, and increasing the number of qubits.
Overcoming these challenges is critical to realizing the full potential of quantum computing.
Conclusion:
Quantum computing holds enormous promise for transforming different industries and tackling complex problems that are beyond the reach of classical computers.
As researchers continue to make progress in this area, we can expect quantum computing to reshape the technological landscape, open up new possibilities and revolutionize the way we approach computation and problem solving.
The adoption of quantum computing today is essential to prepare for the challenges and opportunities of tomorrow.
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What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely fast calculations
extremely complex calculations

What are important areas in quantum research?

Quantum computing has the potential to transform industries like pharmaceuticals, despite challenges with qubit stability and error reduction.

Title:

Content: Grow with AppMaster.
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Quantum programming
Quantum programming is an emerging field in the field of computer programming that focuses on the development of algorithms and software for quantum computers.
To harness the unparalleled computational power of quantum computing systems, quantum programming combines the principles of quantum mechanics, linear algebra, and computer science to solve complex problems that are beyond the reach of classical computing architectures.
Quantum programming languages and frameworks are designed to handle qubits and facilitate the processing of quantum information, enabling revolutionary advances in areas such as cryptography, optimization, and simulation.
Unlike classical bits, which can be either 0 or 1, quantum bits can exist in multiple states simultaneously due to a phenomenon known as superposition.
This property, along with entanglement, which allows correlation between qubits in discrete quantum states, enables quantum computers to simultaneously process vast amounts of data and perform a large number of calculations in parallel.
As a result, quantum programming has the potential to radically transform many industries, from pharmaceuticals and finance to artificial intelligence and cybersecurity.
In the context of programming models, quantum programming represents a distinct shift from classical deterministic and probability methods.
While traditional programming languages are designed for classical computers with binary logic gates, quantum programming languages use quantum logic gates and quantum circuits to manipulate qubit states and perform quantum operations.
These specialized languages are designed to exploit the unique characteristics of quantum computing, thus enabling developers to encrypt quantum algorithms more naturally and effectively.
Some notable examples of quantum programming languages and frameworks include Q # (a specific domain language from Microsoft), Qiskit (IBM ’ s Open Source Quantum Software Development Group), and Cirq (Google ’ s Open Source Python Framework).
These tools have been developed to facilitate the creation of quantum software that can run on both simulators and actual quantum devices, allowing programmers and researchers to explore and refine quantum algorithms without needing a deep understanding of fundamental physics.
The advent of quantum programming has also led to the emergence of classical quantum hybrid approaches, where classical and quantum computing resources are combined to solve specific problems.
A notable example is the Quantitative Approximate Optimization (QAOA) algorithm, which involves running iterative optimizations on a quantum processor followed by evaluation and modification on a classical processor.
This technology can efficiently address harmonic optimization issues, which are commonly encountered in real-world applications such as scheduling and resource allocation.
At AppMaster ’ s no-code platform, we recognize the growing importance of quantum programming in shaping the future of software development, and strive to keep ourselves abreast of relevant developments and innovations.
Although the platform currently focuses on creating traditional classic software applications, our expertise in various programming models enables us to be at the forefront of cutting-edge technologies, ensuring that our customers always have access to industry-leading solutions and services.
To help users better understand the complex field of quantum programming, extensive resources, manuals and documentation are available from academic and industry sources.
Research organizations, such as the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), regularly publish research papers and host conferences related to quantum programming.
Moreover, many online courses and tutorials cater to beginners and experienced developers alike, equipping them with the knowledge and skills to harness the power of quantum computing.
In short, quantum programming is a rapidly evolving field that seeks to unlock the extraordinary potential of quantum computing through the development of algorithms, languages, and software designed for quantum computers.
As a relatively nascent field, quantum programming still faces technical challenges and even ethical concerns.
However, its promise to revolutionize industries and deliver unprecedented computational capabilities ensures that it will remain an increasingly integral part of the programming landscape.
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What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

What fields can quantum computers advance?

In 2022, investments in quantum computing startups totaled $2.35 billion and 1,600 quantum computing patents were issued.

Russia and IBM are developing quantum computing platforms, with IBM targeting a 4,000-qubit system by 2025.

What are important areas in quantum research?

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

Quantum computing can optimize supply chains and design more energy-efficient materials.

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Quantum computers can quickly solve cryptography problems and simulate complex molecular structures.

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely fast calculations
extremely complex calculations

What are the potential threats of quantum computers?

threatening national security through breaking encryption

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Quantum computing can reduce rendering time and optimize complex problems with multiple variables.

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely fast calculations
extremely complex calculations

Quantum computing development requires innovations in error correction, architecture, software, and programming languages.

What are important areas in quantum research?

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

IBM, Google, Microsoft, and Honeywell dominate the quantum computing market with significant R&D investments.

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

Google and IBM are driving interest in quantum computing with achievements and educational programs.

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

What have been the landmark achievements in quantum computing?

Google's Sycamore quantum supremacy experiment

The quantum computing market is expected to reach USD 234.06 billion by 2032, with applications in healthcare, finance, and material science.

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Quantum computers can solve problems that classical computers cannot, and companies are developing them.

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely fast calculations
extremely complex calculations

What are important areas in quantum research?

Researchers are exploring approaches like surface code and topological quantum error correction to address quantum error correction and noise reduction.

Title:

Content: Scientists have made major breakthroughs in quantum mechanics this year, challenging our understanding of the universe and pushing the boundaries of what is possible.
The James Webb Space Telescope has captured stunning images of distant galaxies and stars, raising questions about their formation and growth.
In the field of quantum computing, researchers have made progress in developing more reliable quantum computers and improving quantum debugging.
In addition, scientists have made achievements such as remote energy transfer and the discovery of new types of phase transitions in entangled qubits.
These discoveries highlight ongoing progress in understanding the quantum world, and there is much to explore and uncover in the future.
In astronomy, the James Webb Space Telescope provides groundbreaking images of the universe.
The telescope observed the first stars and galaxies in the universe that formed shortly after the Big Bang, challenging our predictions about their size and brightness.
Astronomers are now struggling to understand the rapid growth of these galaxies and the formation of supermassive black holes, which appear earlier and with a larger mass than expected.
At the frontiers of quantum computing, researchers have made great strides in overcoming the challenges of developing reliable quantum computers.
The new approach involves storing information in topological particles called "non-Abelian anions", which are likely to lead to error-tolerant quantum computers.
In addition, progress has been made in correcting quantum errors, paving the way for improved quantum bit stability.
Quantum mechanics has also revealed fascinating phenomena.
Scientists have been able to transfer energy across microscopic distances by exploiting the characteristic properties of quantum vacuum.
Moreover, a new type of phase transition has been discovered in entangled qubits, where the measurement of one qubit affects the state of other qubits.
Understanding these shifts may have implications for information processing and sharing.
As researchers delve deeper into the quantum world, they continue to define “quantum. ”
Additional metrics, such as entanglement and "fermion magic", have been introduced to capture the unique nature of quantum systems that cannot be simulated on classical computers.
These groundbreaking discoveries in quantum mechanics shed light on the enormous complexities and possibilities that exist within the universe.
Although we have made tremendous progress, much remains to be discovered and understood.
As we begin the next phase of exploration, we can expect more profound discoveries about the mysteries of our universe.

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

Non-Abelian anyons are being investigated for storing information in quantum computers.

What are important areas in quantum research?

new types of qubits
implementations of quantum processors

Quantum error correction extends qubit lifetime, a crucial aspect of quantum computing.

Title:

Content: Doubling a qubit’s life, Yale scientists prove a key theory of quantum physics

Researchers at Yale have for the first time, using a process known as quantum error correction, substantially extended the lifetime of a quantum bit — a long-sought-after goal and one of the trickiest challenges in the field of quantum physics.

Led by Yale’s Michel Devoret, the experiment proves — decades after its theoretical foundations were proposed — that quantum error correction works in practice.

Quantum error correction is a process designed to keep quantum information intact for a period of time longer than if the same information were stored in hardware components without any correction.

The results were published March 21 in Nature.

Information in classical computing comes in the form of bits corresponding to ones or zeros. In quantum computing, information is stored in special devices with quantum properties that are known as quantum bits, or “qubits.”

In the lab of Devoret, the Frederick W. Beinecke Professor of Applied Physics, these qubits are constructed with superconducting circuits cooled to temperatures 100 times lower than those in outer space.

The qubits can each represent a one or a zero, or — confoundingly — both one and zero at the same time.

This “quantum parallelism” is one of the properties that enables quantum computers to make calculations that will potentially be orders of magnitude faster than what is possible on classical supercomputers and transform multiple industries.

Quantum systems, though, are fragile. They are bedeviled by a fundamental phenomenon of decoherence, a process in which the information stored in qubits quickly loses its quantum properties as a result of their interactions with the surrounding environment.

Quantum error correction, which was theoretically discovered in 1995, offers a means to combat this decoherence. Employing redundancy, it protects the quantum bit of information by encoding it in a system larger than what, in principle, is needed to represent a single qubit.

This larger system, however, makes the effect of the surrounding environment even more invasive and the encoded qubit even more fragile. Because of this effect, and complications from the additional components required to perform error correction, this process had never been able to definitively extend the lifetime of a quantum bit in practice.

In fact, just breaking even with an uncorrected qubit is a rare event, researchers say. Contrary to theoretical promises, in most experiments, error correction accelerates the decoherence of quantum information.

“For the first time, we have shown that making the system more redundant and actively detecting and correcting quantum errors provided a gain in the resilience of quantum information,” Devoret said. “Our experiment shows that quantum error correction is a real practical tool. It’s more than just a proof-of-principle demonstration.”

Devoret’s group has managed to more than double the lifetime of quantum information. Their error-corrected qubit lived for 1.8 milliseconds — things happen fast in the quantum realm.

They achieved their results using an error-correction code that was invented in 2001. “It gives you a sense of the delay between the theoretical proposals and practical realization of them in our field,” Devoret said.

Volodymyr Sivak, the lead author of the paper, said that this performance was achieved in part by employing a machine-learning agent that tweaked the error correction process to improve the outcome.

“There is no single breakthrough that enabled this result,” said Sivak, a former Ph.D.  student in Devoret’s lab and now a research scientist at Google. “It’s actually a combination of a whole bunch of different technologies that were developed in the past few years, which we combined in this experiment.”

The practical success of quantum computing will hinge on being able to create quantum bits of extremely high quality using quantum error correction. “Our experiment validates a cornerstone assumption of quantum computing, and this makes me very excited about the future of this field,” said Sivak.

Other authors of the paper (all affiliated or formerly affiliated with Yale) are Alec Eickbusch, Baptiste Royer, Shraddha Singh, Ioannis Tsioutsios, Suhas Ganjam, Alessandro Miano, Benjamin Brock, Andy Ding, Luigi Frunzio, Steven Girvin, and Robert Schoelkopf.

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What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

Yale scientists doubled a qubit's life using error correction.

IBM has reduced the qubits required for error correction by a factor of 10, accelerating practical quantum computing development.

Title:

Content: New Codes Could Accelerate the Advent of Practical Quantum Computing

One of the biggest stumbling blocks for quantum computers is their tendency to be error-prone and the massive computational overhead required to clean up their mistakes. IBM has now made a breakthrough by dramatically reducing the number of qubits required to do so.

All computers are prone to errors, and even the computer chip in your laptop runs code designed to fix things when a bit flips accidentally. But fragile quantum states are far more vulnerable to things like environmental noise, which means correcting errors in quantum processors will require considerable resources.

Most estimates predict that creating just a single fault-tolerant qubit, or logical qubit, that can carry out useful operations will require thousands of physical qubits dedicated to error correction. Given that today’s biggest processors have just hundreds of qubits, this suggests we’re still a long way from building practical quantum computers that can solve real problems.

But now researchers at IBM say they’ve discovered a new approach that slashes the number of qubits required for error correction by a factor of 10. While the approach currently only works on quantum memory rather than computation, the technique could open the door to efficient new approaches to creating fault-tolerant devices.

Practical error correction is far from a solved problem,” the researchers write in a blog post. “However, these new codes and other advances across the field are increasing our confidence that fault tolerant quantum computing isn’t just possible, but is possible without having to build an unreasonably large quantum computer.”

The leading approach to error correction today is known as the surface code, which involves arranging qubits in a specially configured 2D lattice and using some to encode data and others to make measurements to see if an error has occurred. The approach is effective, but it requires a large number of physical qubits to pull off—as many as 20 million for some key problems of interest, according to IBM.

The new technique, outlined in a preprint on arXiv, comes from the same family of error-correction approaches as the surface code. But while each qubit in the surface code is connected to four others, the new technique connects them to six others, which makes it possible to encode more information into the same number of physical qubits.

As a result, the researchers say they can reduce the number of qubits required by an order of magnitude. Creating 12 logical qubits using their approach would require only 288 physical qubits, compared to more than 4,000 when using the surface code.

There are some significant caveats, though. For a start, it’s currently impossible to achieve the kind of six-way connectivity the team envisages. While the surface code operates on a single plane and can therefore be easily implemented on the kind of flat chip already found in quantum processors, the new approach requires connections to distant qubits that aren’t located on the same surface.

The researchers say this isn’t an insurmountable barrier, and IBM is already developing the kind of long-range couplers required to make these kinds of corrections. The technologies needed are certainly plausible, Jérémie Guillaud at French quantum computing startup Alice & Bob told New Scientist, and could be here in just a matter of years.

A bigger open question, though, is the fact that so far the approach only works with a small number of logical operations. This means that while it works for reading and writing to a quantum memory in a fault-tolerant way, it wouldn’t support most quantum computations.

But the IBM researchers say the techniques they’ve unveiled are just a stepping stone that points toward a rich new vein of even better error-correction approaches. If they’re right and scientists are able to find more efficient alternatives to the surface code, it could significantly accelerate the advent of practical quantum computing.

Image Credit: IBM

Edd Genthttp://www.eddgent.com/
I am a freelance science and technology writer based in Bangalore, India. My main areas of interest are engineering, computing and biology, with a particular focus on the intersections between the three.
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What are important areas in quantum research?

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

The company connects qubits to six others, enabling efficient error correction for a small number of logical operations.

What are important areas in quantum research?

MIT researchers used noise-cancelling concepts, like the unbalanced echo technique, to extend qubit coherence time to 3 milliseconds.

Title:

Content: MIT researchers have made significant progress in extending the coherence time of qubits, a key step in the development of quantum devices such as quantum sensors and gyroscopes.
The team, led by Ju Li and Paola Cappellaro, used concepts inspired by noise-cancelling headphones to enhance the coherence of nuclear spin qubits.
By characterizing the noise caused by heat, the researchers were able to implement an “unbalanced echo ” technique that increased the coherence time from 150 microseconds to up to 3 milliseconds.
The method the team used involved understanding and eliminating specific noise sources, similar to the way noise-cancelling headphones eliminate unwanted sounds.
This method has the potential to greatly improve the coherence time of quantum systems.
Wang Guoqing, the first author of the study, believes that a longer coherence time can be achieved by further exploring and mitigating other noise sources.
The results of the study are expected to have a significant impact on the development of quantum devices.
Dmitry Budker, head of the material-antimatter department at the Heinz Helmholtz Institute, praised the team ’ s innovative approach and thought it could be easily implemented in practical applications.
Cornell University professor Gregory Fox also highlighted the usefulness of the study in achieving long-life nuclear spin synthesis for a variety of applications.
The experiments conducted by the researchers focused on the large number of nitrogen vacancy centers (NV centers) in the diamond, which are ideal candidates for quantum sensors and other quantum technologies.
The challenge was finding a way to synchronize the clocks of billions of NV centers for enhanced consistency.
The goal is to take advantage of multiple clocks while maintaining phase coherence to retain quantum information for longer.
This groundbreaking research opens up new possibilities in the field of quantum computing and paves the way for the development of more efficient and reliable quantum devices.
Source:
– MIT Quantum Engineering Group
– MIT News

What are important areas in quantum research?

Fibonacci sequences have been shown to stabilize qubits for up to 5.5 seconds.

Title:

Content: Scientists have found that the Fibonacci sequence allows you to stabilize the work of qubits of a quantum computer
The Fibonacci sequence is a series of numbers, each of which is the sum of the two previous numbers (1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, and so on).
The history of this series goes back more than 2 thousand years, it is inextricably linked with the concept of the “golden ratio ” and is invisibly present in many areas of our daily life.
And recently, physicists have found that the Fibonacci sequence can also be very useful in the case of its use in quantum computing and communications.
Our regular readers are well aware that the main problem faced by the developers of quantum computers is the task of long-term maintenance of qubits, quantum bits, in a certain quantum state.
The longer the qubits are in the quantum state, the longer they can store and process the information contained in them, but any influence from the outside, any portion of heat, mechanical vibrations or electromagnetic radiation can destroy the quantum state of the qubits and break the bonds of quantum entanglement induced between them.
Researchers at Quantinum in Colorado are working to increase the stability of qubits.
They are experimenting with a 10-qubit computing system based on the ytterbium ion, which uses electric fields and laser light pulse sequences to control and maintain quantum entanglement.
Previously, these researchers managed to achieve stable operation of qubits for 1.5 seconds, but later one of them came up with the idea to use Fibonacci sequence numbers to encode a sequence of laser pulses.
Surprisingly, there was no limit when most of the qubits became able to stay in a stable state for 5.5 seconds.
Moreover, qubits could have remained stable for a longer time, but the high-precision timekeeping equipment used by scientists did not allow measuring time intervals longer than the 5.5 seconds mentioned.
Laser light pulses encoded by Fibonacci sequence numbers represent a new state of matter, a quantum time quasicrystal having an ordered structure (sequence) but no periodicity.
The sequence was encoded using light with two different frequencies and looked like this: A, AB, ABA, ABAAB, and so on.
But the effect that this new form of matter had on the quantum system turned out to be very unusual and unique.
"A system that has been affected by this has acquired a property of symmetry, which we call the symmetry of time translation.
This means that the same experiment or calculations will give the same result regardless of whether it happens today, tomorrow or 100 years from now, ” says Philipp Dumitrescu, a quantum physicist, “We also realized that such quasi-periodic sequences based on the Fibonacci series lead to the fact that in a quantum system, as it were, two different directions of time flow arise. ”.
Of course, everything that was said just above is quite capable of “blowing the brain ” of an inexperienced person.
But if the Fibonacci sequence in the form of laser pulses is able to ensure the preservation of quantum state and entanglement for a long time, then the developers of quantum computing and communication systems will certainly adopt this technology.
Key words:
Quantum, Computer, Quantinum, Qubit, Ion, Ytterbium, Laser, Light, Pulse, Sequence, Fibonacci
Primary source
Other news on the topic:
Physicists have discovered a semiconductor material that can contain quantum bits at room temperature.
• Created the first quantum bits that function at room temperature.
Intel begins development of silicon qubits, which will become the basis of scalable quantum computers with millions of qubits
A new type of nano-refrigerator will be able to maintain qubits of a quantum computer in working condition
• Created a new type of qubit that can switch from the storage mode to the fast computing mode
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PsiQuantum's architecture reduces computational resources needed to break Elliptic Curve Cryptography.

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Content: <img height="1" width="1" style="display:none" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=1126676760698405&ev=PageView&noscript=1">
Home Business Wire PsiQuantum publishes paper projecting a 700x reduction in the computational resource requirements...

PsiQuantum publishes paper projecting a 700x reduction in the computational resource requirements for breaking Elliptic Curve Cryptography using a fault tolerant quantum computer

PsiQuantum’s latest paper describes a more efficient method to break Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) which is widely used for secure communications. This approach uses techniques especially applicable to photonic architectures, and reduces the number of gate operations required to break an ECC key by up to 80% as well as a 700x reduction in computation time relative to the state-of-the-art quantum algorithms.

PALO ALTO, Calif.–(BUSINESS WIRE)–PsiQuantum announced today in a new publication, a thorough resource count for how large a quantum computer is needed to impact a commonly used cryptosystem – namely Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) – considering a novel fault-tolerant quantum computing architecture that the company recently introduced1. This active volume architecture leverages long-range connections within the quantum computer and results in a 700x reduction in the computational resource requirements for breaking ECC keys relative to state-of-the-art quantum algorithms. This is also orders of magnitude less time to compute than the billions of years required by conventional computers to perform the equivalent task for a 256-bit ECC key.

Secure digital communications, which underpin our modern use of the internet, rests on the success of public-key cryptographic systems. These cryptographic systems work by allowing a user to provide a public key, with which anyone can securely encode messages to them. These messages can then only be decoded with a secret private key held by the user. These keys for encoding and decoding are built from mathematical operations which are easy to apply (for the encoding), but hard to reverse (for the decoding). The difficulty of the decoding relies on the fact that reversing these mathematical operations is an impractically time-consuming task for conventional computers.

Two prominent such schemes are RSA and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC). In RSA, the mathematical operation used to provide the public and private keys centers around the ease of multiplying two prime numbers, compared with the difficulty of the inverse process – recovering these prime factors. The approach taken by ECC is a little more obscure, but the concept is similar. Public key encoding can be performed using a mathematical operation known as elliptic curve point multiplication, and reversing this process to decode the messages is hard without information contained in a private key.

Both RSA and ECC keys could be easily broken using large-scale quantum computers. Algorithms have been discovered for quantum computers that can, unlike conventional computers, efficiently reverse the mathematical operations at the heart of RSA and ECC. Several research papers have explored quantum algorithms for the generation of RSA and ECC keys in the past decades. Surprisingly, although it involves more mathematically complex operations, breaking 256-bit ECC keys is easier than breaking 2048-bit RSA keys, thanks to the shorter keys needing fewer resource-intensive arithmetic operations.

In this paper, PsiQuantum uncovered architecture-independent improvements to existing ECC quantum algorithms that reduce the number of gates required for breaking ECC keys by up to 80%. The team also conducted a resource estimate for implementing ECC quantum algorithms using PsiQuantum’s newly unveiled active volume architecture technique (read more) which led to a reduction in the number of quantum operations needed to crack an ECC key by up to 700x.

The active volume compilation technique is especially applicable to photonic architectures, like that of PsiQuantum’s. This is because the technique relies on the ability to have long-range connections within the quantum computer and currently only photonic architectures have this feature. Unlike matter-based qubits such as ion traps or superconducting qubits, photons have the ability to be easily non-locally connected using conventional optical fiber, as widely used in the telecommunications industry.

So, are all our secrets at immediate risk of being stolen? Not yet. Despite these breakthroughs, cracking 256-bit ECC keys still requires quantum computers having millions of physical qubits. Even though photonic quantum computers can reduce the size of the required system, this still requires a machine much larger than what we have today. Nevertheless, researchers are actively preparing for that eventuality with the development of post-quantum cryptography schemes such as lattice cryptography, and the recommendation of using longer RSA or ECC keys in the meantime. These approaches are suspected to be secure against quantum algorithms, and moreover other developing technologies can actually offer encryption schemes that are provably secure against quantum algorithms.

Prof. Terry Rudolph, Chief Architect and Co-Founder at PsiQuantum, said:

“These results illustrate a characteristic property of the field of quantum computing, which is that while much progress is made through slow and painful incremental development, it is also not surprising to see huge leaps forward by an order of magnitude or more. Because of this unpredictability, as well as the high potential impact of the technology, companies and organizations which are developing quantum computers carry a serious responsibility to ensure that quantum computing is deployed in a responsible and appropriately transparent way. This is why we are choosing to publish our methods in the public domain.”

VADM (Ret.) Robert D. Sharp, former Director of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, said:

“I applaud and am comforted by PsiQuantum’s relentless commitment to ensuring that we maintain our competitive edge in strategic technologies like quantum computing; one with such widespread applications and – arguably – some of the most profound national security implications the US and our allies will face this century. Beyond being impressed by what the company is doing, I appreciate how thoughtfully and strategically they’re doing it – learning rapidly and iteratively, and approaching the technology as a committed and transparent partner to the US and allied governments as they reach critical milestones.”

About PsiQuantum

Powered by breakthroughs in silicon photonics and fault-tolerant quantum architecture, PsiQuantum is building the first utility-scale quantum computer to solve some of the world’s most important challenges. PsiQuantum’s approach is based on single-photon qubits, which have significant advantages at the scale required to deliver a fault-tolerant, general-purpose quantum computer. With their photonic chips manufactured in a world-leading semiconductor fab, PsiQuantum is uniquely positioned to deliver quantum capabilities reaching the scale needed to drive advances in climate technologies, pharmaceuticals, healthcare, finance, energy, agriculture, transportation, communications, and beyond. To learn more, visit www.psiquantum.com.

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Link to paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08585

© 2023 PsiQuantum. PsiQuantum and the PsiQuantum logo are registered or pending registration trademarks of PsiQuantum, Corp., in the United States and other countries.

1 https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08585

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What are the potential threats of quantum computers?

threatening national security through breaking encryption

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Google has developed new quantum error correction algorithms, increasing qubit array size while reducing error rates.

Title:

Content: Google confirms quantum computing breakthrough – more computing power with fewer errors
On the pages of our site you can find a lot of information about quantum computers, so regular readers know that quantum bits, qubits, are very sensitive to external interference.
Light, heat and electromagnetic waves cause errors during calculations, which makes the results of these calculations less reliable.
And, the more qubits are included in the quantum computing system, the higher, naturally, the error rate becomes.
However, representatives of the group of developers of quantum systems Google announced that they managed to “see the light at the end of the tunnel ”.
In their latest work, they used new algorithms for quantum error correction, which allowed them to increase the dimension of the qubit array, while even lowering the error rate.
Previously, Google specialists combined qubits into logical groups of 17 qubits, but the new design of a logical qubit with 49 qubits allowed to implement a more effective mechanism for correcting errors.
According to the available data, this case is the first in the history of quantum informatics, when the size of an array of qubits was increased while reducing the error rate.
And this is a very big and important step towards the creation of a real universal quantum computer.
However, the creation of a large logical qubit with a small error rate in itself entails the need to modify the hardware and software of a quantum computing system.
At present, Google specialists are already working towards the creation of a new system of cryogenics and electronic control.
When all this is ready, it will be embodied in the form of a new processor for the next generation quantum computer Sycamore 2, which will replace the previous computer and will be used as a cloud service for the development of new drugs, battery technologies, new materials, etc.
Key words:
Google, Quantum, Computer, Processor, Cubit, Error, Odds, Sycamore
Primary source
Other news on the topic:
Google begins to introduce the first technologies of error correction in the field of quantum computing
Google predicts the emergence of full-fledged quantum computers capable of self-learning within the next ten years
Intel begins development of silicon qubits, which will become the basis of scalable quantum computers with millions of qubits
A new type of quantum logic element will allow you to create quantum computers that do not allow errors
Matrix of five superconducting qubits - a prototype of the future quantum processor
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What are important areas in quantum research?

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

Microsoft is developing a quantum supercomputer, to be completed in 10 years, and has introduced a performance metric called reliable quantum operands per second (rQOPS).

What are important areas in quantum research?

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

The company plans to build a quantum supercomputer that will scale to over 1 billion rQOPS, needing advances in error correction and architecture.

What are important areas in quantum research?

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

Researchers created ultra-pure silicon to reduce computing errors and enable complex calculations.

Title:

Content: Ultra-Pure Silicon Chip Sparks a Quantum Computing Revolution

A collaboration between the Universities of Melbourne and Manchester has led to a groundbreaking method for producing ultra-pure silicon, enhancing the potential for scalable and accurate quantum computers. This technique extends quantum coherence, significantly reducing computing errors and allowing for complex calculations that outpace traditional computers.

Researchers at the Universities of Melbourne and Manchester have invented a breakthrough technique for manufacturing highly purified silicon that brings powerful quantum computers a big step closer.

The new technique to engineer ultra-pure silicon makes it the perfect material to make quantum computers at scale and with high accuracy, the researchers say.

Enhancing Quantum Coherence

Project co-supervisor Professor David Jamieson, from the University of Melbourne, said the innovation – published today (May 7, 2024) in Communication Materials, a Nature journal – uses qubits of phosphorous atoms implanted into crystals of pure stable silicon and could overcome a critical barrier to quantum computing by extending the duration of notoriously fragile quantum coherence.

“Fragile quantum coherence means computing errors build up rapidly. With robust coherence provided by our new technique, quantum computers could solve in hours or minutes some problems that would take conventional or ‘classical’ computers – even supercomputers – centuries,” Professor Jamieson said.

A qubit – such as an atomic nucleus, electron, or photon – is a quantum object when it is in a quantum superposition of multiple states. Coherence is lost when the qubit reverts to a single state and becomes a classical object like a conventional computer bit, which is only ever one or zero and never in superposition.

Quantum bits or qubits – the building blocks of quantum computers – are susceptible to tiny changes in their environment, including temperature fluctuations. Even when operated in tranquil refrigerators near absolute zero (minus 273 degrees Celsius), current quantum computers can maintain error-free coherence for only a tiny fraction of a second.

University of Manchester co-supervisor Professor Richard Curry said ultra-pure silicon allowed construction of high-performance qubit devices – a critical component required to pave the way toward scalable quantum computers.

“What we’ve been able to do is effectively create a critical ‘brick’ needed to construct a silicon-based quantum computer. It’s a crucial step to making a technology that has the potential to be transformative for humankind,” Professor Curry said.

Lead author and joint University of Melbourne/University of Manchester PhD student Ravi Acharya prepares a silicon chip for enrichment in the University of Manchester P-NAME focused ion beam laboratory. Credit: University of Melbourne/University of Manchester

Silicon’s Role in Quantum Technology

Lead author Ravi Acharya, a joint University of Manchester/University of Melbourne Cookson Scholar, said the great advantage of silicon chip quantum computing was it used the same essential techniques that make the chips used in today’s computers.

“Electronic chips currently within an everyday computer consist of billions of transistors these can also be used to create qubits for silicon-based quantum devices. The ability to create high quality silicon qubits has in part been limited to date by the purity of the silicon starting material used. The breakthrough purity we show here solves this problem.”

Professor Jamieson said the new highly purified silicon computer chips house and protect the qubits so they can sustain quantum coherence much longer, enabling complex calculations with greatly reduced need for error correction.

“Our technique opens the path to reliable quantum computers that promise step changes across society, including in artificial intelligence, secure data and communications, vaccine and drug design, and energy use, logistics, and manufacturing,” he said.

Silicon – made from beach sand – is the key material for today’s information technology industry because it is an abundant and versatile semiconductor: it can act as a conductor or an insulator of electrical current, depending on which other chemical elements are added to it.

“Others are experimenting with alternatives, but we believe silicon is the leading candidate for quantum computer chips that will enable the enduring coherence required for reliable quantum calculations,” Professor Jamieson said.

Co-authors (left) Prof David Jamieson (University of Melbourne) and (right) Dr Maddison Coke (University of Manchester) inspect the P-NAME focused ion beam system at the University of Manchester used for the silicon enrichment project. Credit: University of Melbourne / University of Manchester

Purifying Silicon for Quantum Computing

“The problem is that while naturally occurring silicon is mostly the desirable isotope silicon-28, there’s also about 4.5 percent silicon-29. Silicon-29 has an extra neutron in each atom’s nucleus that acts like a tiny rogue magnet, destroying quantum coherence and creating computing errors,” he said.

The researchers directed a focused, high-speed beam of pure silicon-28 at a silicon chip so the silicon-28 gradually replaced the silicon-29 atoms in the chip, reducing silicon-29 from 4.5 percent to two parts per million (0.0002 percent).

“The great news is to purify silicon to this level, we can now use a standard machine – an ion implanter – that you would find in any semiconductor fabrication lab, tuned to a specific configuration that we designed,” Professor Jamieson said.

Future Prospects and Impact

In previously published research with the ARC Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, the University of Melbourne set – and still holds – the world record for single-qubit coherence of 30 seconds using silicon that was less purified. 30 seconds is plenty of time to complete error-free, complex quantum calculations.

Professor Jamieson said the largest existing quantum computers had more than 1000 qubits, but errors occurred within milliseconds due to lost coherence.

“Now that we can produce extremely pure silicon-28, our next step will be to demonstrate that we can sustain quantum coherence for many qubits simultaneously. A reliable quantum computer with just 30 qubits would exceed the power of today’s supercomputers for some applications,” he said.

This latest work was supported by research grants from the Australian and UK governments. Professor Jamieson’s collaboration with the University of Manchester is supported by a Royal Society Wolfson Visiting Fellowship.

A 2020 report from Australia’s CSIRO estimated that quantum computing in Australia has potential to create 10,000 jobs and $2.5 billion in annual revenue by 2040.

“Our research takes us significantly closer to realizing this potential,” Professor Jamieson said.

Reference: “Highly 28Si enriched silicon by localised focused ion beam implantation” 7 May 2024, Communications Materials.
DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00498-0

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

Ultra-pure silicon reduces silicon-29 from 4.5 percent to 0.0002 percent, solving the limited quality silicon qubits problem.

Quantum computers are susceptible to environmental changes, which can cause errors, necessitating robust coherence and error correction techniques.

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

high error rates
sensitivity to environment

Developing quantum computers requires innovations in error correction, architecture, software, and programming languages.

What are important areas in quantum research?

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

IBM, Google, Microsoft, and Honeywell dominate the quantum computing market with significant R&D investments.

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

Google and IBM are driving interest in quantum computing with achievements and educational programs.

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

What have been the landmark achievements in quantum computing?

Google's Sycamore quantum supremacy experiment

The quantum computing market is expected to reach USD 234.06 billion by 2032, with applications in healthcare, finance, and material science.

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Quantum computers can solve problems that classical computers cannot, and companies are developing them.

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely fast calculations
extremely complex calculations

What are important areas in quantum research?

Researchers are exploring approaches like surface code and topological quantum error correction to address quantum error correction and noise reduction.

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

Non-Abelian anyons are being investigated for storing information in quantum computers.

What are important areas in quantum research?

new types of qubits
implementations of quantum processors

Quantum error correction extends qubit lifetime, a crucial aspect of quantum computing.

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

Yale scientists doubled a qubit's life using error correction.

IBM reduced the qubits required for error correction by a factor of 10, accelerating practical quantum development.

IBM reduced the qubits required for error correction by a factor of 10, accelerating practical quantum development.

IBM reduced the qubits required for error correction by a factor of 10, accelerating practical quantum development.