China, the US, Canada, and IBM are leading in quantum computing development with significant investments.

China has achieved quantum computing superiority with a 66-bit superconducting quantum computer and a 113 photon quantum computing prototype.

The US has made significant progress in quantum computing, with companies like IBM and Google leading the way, and has invested $170 billion in related research.

Canada leads in quantum computing, with government investments including $40 million in Xanadu Quantum Technologies and $1 billion in quantum research.

IBM, a leader in quantum systems, delivered a 1,000-qubit quantum chip in 2023.

Countries like Japan, Germany, and Finland are also heavily investing in quantum computing research.

The global quantum computing market is expected to reach $1.77bn by 2026 and $8.5 billion by 2027, driven by the finance sector at a 30.2% CAGR.

Quantum computing can revolutionize industries like finance, healthcare, and energy by solving complex problems and simulating chemical reactions.

Quantum computers pose significant risks, including cracking current encryption methods and compromising data security.

Quantum computing is a rapidly evolving field with significant investments, progress, challenges, and risks.

The UK, EU, and China have allocated £2.5 billion, $1.2 billion, and $15.2 billion, respectively, for quantum research and investment.

India has approved a National Quantum Mission with a ₹6,003 crore budget to develop 50-1,000 qubit quantum computers.

Germany has allocated €2 billion to develop a quantum computer within five years.

The global quantum computing market is expected to grow 36.89% CAGR from 2022 to 2032, led by North America.

Quantum computing can solve complex problems faster and create unbreakable ciphers.

Quantum computing can accelerate AI development, simulate protein behavior, and optimize logistics and energy systems.

Adopting quantum computing technologies is challenging due to high costs, limited expertise, and technical difficulties.

Billions have been invested in quantum computing over the last decade, which, combined with AI, can solve industry challenges.

IBM plans to deliver a 4,000-plus qubit machine by 2025.

NVIDIA has unveiled CUDA-Q, integrating quantum computers with supercomputers for hybrid applications.

Taiwan is developing quantum technology, focusing on software talents for quantum computing.

Quantum computing development is expected to scale significantly over the next 10 years.

Quantum computing can aid in materials and drug development, performing calculations in minutes that normally take hundreds of millions of years.

The US held a quantum technology conference with tech giants like Amazon, Google, and Microsoft.

Finland has commissioned its first quantum computer to boost its competitiveness in quantum technology.

Europe is preparing to lead quantum computing development, focusing on combining AI and quantum computing.

81% of UK senior executives expect quantum computing to play a significant role by 2030.

Goldman Sachs, CaixaBank, and HSBC are researching quantum computing for applications like derivatives pricing and portfolio selection.

ExxonMobil and Mitsubishi Chemical are utilizing quantum technology for fuel transportation and battery research, respectively.

Oxford University is researching quantum computing for various sectors, including healthcare, finance, and education.

Quantum computing technologies can increase calculation speed and volume, improve logistical and data analysis, and enhance security solutions.

Challenges exist, including technical difficulties, limited expert access, and potential encryption vulnerabilities.

Quantum computing has potential applications in finance, healthcare, energy, and transportation, offering benefits like improved drug discovery and accelerated AI development.

Quantum computing is expected to significantly impact industries like finance, healthcare, and energy, prompting heavy investment from countries and companies.

IBM, a leader in quantum systems, delivered a 1,000-qubit quantum chip in 2023.

Intel uses silicon spin qubits, while IonQ develops trapped ion quantum systems.

Google and IBM announced quantum processors in 2018 and 2019, respectively, including IBM's 20-qubit "IBM Q System One".

Quantum computing development is crucial for fields like chemistry and disease discovery, and requires operation near absolute zero (-273.15 ° C).

Error correction is a significant challenge in quantum computing, but companies like IBM are developing solutions.

High-quality qubits can delay quantum decoherence, which is essential for reliable quantum computing.

Superconducting qubits with 99% accuracy have been developed for high-performance quantum computing.

Controlling qubits precisely is a crucial challenge, with companies like Google and IBM working to improve it.

Finland's first 5-qubit quantum computer is operational, with VTT and IQM developing scalable models.

VTT and IQM collaborate, bringing 30 years of quantum technology expertise and on-premises quantum computers to customers.

VTT and IQM plan to develop 20-qubit and 50-qubit systems to address scalability challenges in quantum computing.

Quantum computers require large-scale development and precise qubit control, which is critical but limited.

Researchers found a way to control qubits using microwaves and light, meeting DiVincenzo standards for quantum computers.

Quantum systems become complex with more qubits, requiring exhaustive testing and calibration.

Keysight and Q-CTRL partner to accelerate quantum development with AI/ML tools.

Quantum technology investment reached $2.35bn in 2022, with potential value gains of $1.3trn by 2035.

The automotive, chemicals, financial services, and life sciences industries will be impacted first.

China announced $15.2bn for quantum investment, citing a need for fault-tolerant machines.

Qubit quality and quantum talent are improving, but still lag behind growing demand.

The EU and UK attract quantum technology graduates, who can simulate complex chemical reactions with quantum computers.

Quantum computers can solve problems faster than current classical supercomputers.

Quantum computers are sensitive to extreme temperatures and have unreliable quantum bit quality.

Quantum computing is expensive, with qubits costing $10,000, and poses a security risk by decrypting secure data.

Companies like IBM and Mercedes-Benz are using quantum computing to revolutionize industries like finance and healthcare.

IBM and Google achieved quantum supremacy using their Eagle and Sycamore processors, respectively.

China's Zuchongzhi processor achieved quantum supremacy, despite quantum decoherence being a major challenge.

High-quality qubits delay decoherence, with superconducting qubits and ion traps being leading technologies.

IBM plans to have 1,121-qubit Condor chip ready by 2023, and error correction is a significant challenge in quantum computing.

Microsoft devised a way to represent logical qubits, achieving a breakthrough in reliable quantum computing.

Microsoft's first quantum supercomputer requires at least 1 million rQOPS.

IBM Quantum System Two will launch in 2023 with 433 and 1121 qubits.

China, the US, Canada, and IBM are leading in quantum computing development with significant investments.

China, the US, Canada, and IBM are leading in quantum computing development with significant investments.

China, the US, Canada, and IBM are leading in quantum computing development with significant investments.

China has achieved quantum computing superiority with a 66-bit superconducting quantum computer and a 113 photon quantum computing prototype.

Title:

Content: People 's Network > > Education
China achieves "quantum computing superiority" in two physical systems
Xu Jing
October 27, 2021 08: 26 | Source: People's Daily - People's Daily
Small number
Original title: Quantum computing prototype "Zuchongzhi II" and "Jiuchang II" came out - China in two physical systems to achieve "quantum computing superiority"
Recently, the research team of China University of Science and Technology has made important progress in the quantum computing of superconducting quantum and light quantum systems, and successfully developed the "Zu Chongzhi II" and "Jiuchang II", making China the only country in the world to achieve the "quantum computing superiority" milestone in the two physical systems.
The research team composed of Pan Jianwei, Zhu Xiaobo and Peng Chengzhi, and the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, recently successfully built the 66-bit programmable superconducting quantum computing prototype "Zuchongzhi II", which solved the "quantum random line sampling" task more than 10 million times faster than the fastest supercomputer in the world.
The research team composed of Pan Jianwei, Lu Chaoyang, Liu Naile and other researchers, in cooperation with the Shanghai Institute of Microsystems and Information Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Parallel Computer Engineering Technology Research Center, recently successfully built 113 photon 144 mode of quantum computing prototype "Nine Chapter 2", solving Gaussian Bose sampling mathematical problems 10 times faster than the world's fastest supercomputer.
In 1981, Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman proposed the idea of a quantum computer.
Quantum computing is thought to be a key technology for the next generation of the information revolution.
"'Quantum computing superiority' refers to a specific task, or a special track, that surpasses the current supercomputer," said Lu Chaoyang, a professor at the China University of Science and Technology.
The physical realization of large-scale quantum computers is one of the major challenges at the forefront of world science and technology.
Therefore, to achieve the physical realization of quantum computing, the international academic community takes a three-step road map.
Among them, the first milestone, is known academically as the “superiority of quantum computing. ”
At present, random line sampling based on superconducting bits and Bose sampling based on photons are two important schemes to demonstrate the superiority of quantum computing experimentally.
The latest achievements of these two programs are "Zuchongzhi II" and "Jiuchang II" respectively.
"In terms of volume, you can think of the two as a large special computing device that can be installed in a room," Lu said.
As for the difference between the two, Lu Chaoyang said, mainly the media is different, "superconducting quantum computing mainly depends on the medium is superconducting material, light quantum computing mainly depends on the medium is photon."
According to the existing theory, the speed of the quantum-random line sampling problem handled by "Zuchongzhi II" is 7 orders of magnitude faster than the fastest supercomputer at present, and this achievement is the first time that China has reached the "quantum computing superiority" milestone after the "nine chapters" of the optical quantum computing prototype in the superconducting quantum bit system.
According to the existing theory, Nine Chapters Two can process Gaussian Bose samples 10 times faster than the current fastest supercomputer 24 times faster.
This achievement has once again refreshed the international technical level of light quantum manipulation, and further provided experimental evidence of quantum computing acceleration.
According to reports, the successful demonstration of the superiority of quantum computing marks the second stage of the development of quantum computing research, and begins the exploration of quantum error correction and recent applications.
"At present, the development of quantum computing is still in a very early stage, it is difficult to predict how broad the application prospects in the end, but now, it can improve our computing capabilities, in many scientific research areas are very helpful, such as drug design, molecular simulation, code deciphering, etc." Lu Chaoyang said.
People 's Daily (October 27, 2021, 12 pages)
(Editor: Lin Yutong (intern), Wen Lu)
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What are important areas in quantum research?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

The US has made significant progress in quantum computing, with companies like IBM and Google leading the way, and has invested $170 billion in related research.

Title:

Content: Artificial intelligence - a global race on quantum computing | Science and technology | Latest discoveries and studies from DW Arabia | DW | 04.09.2021
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Artificial Intelligence: A Global Race for Quantum Computing
Germany is in the midst of a frantic global race for artificial intelligence technologies through quantum computers.
The Quantum Valley Lower Saxony project will make this state a leading center for the development of quantum computing in Germany, attracting 400 researchers.
The possession of quantum computer technology has become one of the most important bets of the future for which the world powers are engaged in a feverish race to harness all the scientific and financial possibilities.
The technology is far more powerful than today ’ s best computers, employing the incredible physical properties of tiny particles.
Instead of the data storage unit (BIT) on which traditional computing operates with values of 0 and 1, the quantum scientist uses a unit (Qbits) that allows multiple values at the same time, theoretically enabling parallel calculations beyond anything known to man to date.
However, this technology is still at an experimental stage and in the future it is expected to solve complex computational problems that current computers cannot do, applying to multiple fields, including computation of tracks and more complex decoding, as well as countless application areas, such as drug development, to name a few.
In May 2021, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, who has completed a PhD in quantum chemistry, launched the first quantum computer built in Germany by the American company IBM, at a time when the world is in a race against time to take the lead in this promising technology.
The Q System One, built near Stuttgart in cooperation with the German research institute Fraunhofer, has been in service since the beginning of April, and is the first device of its kind for the American company outside the United States.
Lower Saxony is also seeking to be a leading platform for the development of this technology in Germany as part of the Quantum Valley Lower Saxony project, which attracts at least 400 researchers.
Watch the video 26: 00
Made in Germany - Innovation is the engine of success
Germany - Artificial Intelligence for Quantum Computing
The major world powers have entered a frantic race over the technologies of the future that will change the way of life of humanity in the world of tomorrow.
The German government has earmarked at least €2 billion this year for the development of quantum computers, which experts say are the main entry point for artificial intelligence technologies.
Germany aims to keep pace with global competition by developing a quantum computer over the next five years.
German Minister of Scientific Research Anja Karlyschek (May 2021) said: “Quantum technologies are one of the key technologies that will be crucial in the future.
"It will allow us to make our communications completely secure, make leaps in medical technology via highly sensitive sensors, or address previously unsolvable problems in logistics or materials research via quantum computing."
Lower Saxony aims to build Germany ’ s first quantum computer and put it into operation by the end of 2025.
Using a technique called the "ion trap", ions are charged atoms, as the basic unit of computation of a computer - the ion is a qubit.
With the help of electric fields, these ions are captured and controlled by radio waves and laser beams.
Lower Saxony - Leadership in Quantum Technology
The state of Lower Saxony (eastern Germany) is seeking to take the lead in the development of quantum computer technology in Germany, in cooperation with a number of universities and research institutions, attracting the expertise of at least 400 researchers under the project "Quantum Valley Lower Saxony".
The project is expected to receive funding of 1.5 billion euros over 10 years.
watch video 01: 33
Rare bipartisan deal in U.S. Congress on tech support
Between science fiction and hard science facts, quantum technology is one of the most important breakthroughs in modern technology.
The industry is increasingly relying on highly complex computing processes in the shortest possible time frame.
However, all current quantum computers are basically just experimental or prototype devices.
The number of qubits does not have to be the only measure, but the quality of the calculations is more important.
In the future, a complete system with special algorithms and software will have to be developed so that researchers can develop technology with enormous potential.
Computers are all at the same time.
The first (mechanical) computer appeared in 1941 before a number of inventions were developed that changed the face of computing and made computers the devices we know today in terms of efficiency, smallness and lightness compared to the first models.
Despite the tremendous development of computing technologies, they still face numerous dilemmas, including, but not limited to, the constant fear of hacking and intrusion of data confidentiality.
Quantum computers go beyond the binary logic of qubits being in the states of 0 and 1 at the same time, but also in the states in between.
This means that far fewer kibbutz are needed to perform calculations, which traditional computing devices cannot.
Another advantage of quantum technology is that these processes take place at close to the speed of light.
However, the generation of quantum "bits" still poses a number of dilemmas, using superconducting elements, such as ions, "trapped" atoms, photons and other similar processes.
The ions are stimulated by microwave radiation, which can be placed in multiple states, which can then be loaded with different information.
The particles are moving.
To be able to function, it must be "frozen", with extreme cooling close to absolute zero (-273.15 ° C) using complex techniques such as magnetic fields.
In addition, qubits are unstable and react to the slightest external stimulation, such as vibrations, magnetic and electrical fields, and other factors.
watch video 02: 01
European Commission seeks to limit market power of tech giants
From a quantum computer to a neural computer.
Traditional computer chips are almost beginning to exhaust their maximum capabilities because semiconductor performance is starting to reach its physical limits.
Because chips cannot be downsized indefinitely in order to increase their performance in as little space as possible, quantum computers and neural computers are being developed as technological alternatives in the future.
As explained above, a classical computer operates with 0 and 1 binary mode geometry (i.e., current flow or no current flow).
This is specified in the bit unit.
The physical structure in a computer consists of electronic components, such as capacitors or transistors in microchips.
The primary and fundamental property of a "bit" unit is that its value is precisely defined and does not change when measured, on the other hand, the value of a "bit" does not change immediately once the value of another "bit" changes, and in a classical computer only after a certain period of time in the range of milliseconds per second.
Coinciding with the interest in quantum computers, a new technological approach has emerged and concerns computers that do not rely on artificial intelligence but mimic the human brain and are called neural computing.
It has the privilege of extremely low energy consumption, computing speed and high capacity to store information in an analogy to the functioning of the human brain.
Artificial Intelligence: The Tool of Domination in Tomorrow ’ s World
An ambitious US project has invested $170 billion for scientific research and development in the field of precision technology, such as artificial intelligence and semiconductors.
China is engaged in an economic and technological war with Western powers and the United States in particular that exploded in the form of trade battles under former President Donald Trump, and is one of the rare issues adopted by Democratic President Joe Biden after his Republican predecessor.
It enjoys broad consensus in Congress for its strategic dimension.
It has become clear that whoever wins the race for future technologies such as artificial intelligence will be the world ’ s first economy.
The U.S. project provides for $52 billion over five years to encourage companies to manufacture chips and semiconductors in the United States.
Washington believes the Chinese rival is investing at least $150 billion to develop the technologies of the future.
Hassan Zinind

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

Canada leads in quantum computing, with government investments including $40 million in Xanadu Quantum Technologies and $1 billion in quantum research.

Title:

Content: There were 1,711 press releases posted in the last 24 hours and 342,181 in the last 365 days.

Supporting Canada's leadership in quantum computing to grow the economy and create jobs

TORONTO, Jan. 23, 2023 /CNW/ - Quantum technologies are at the leading edge of science and innovation. As Canadian researchers, workers and businesses continue to demonstrate leadership on the world stage in innovating and developing quantum technologies, we have the potential to transform how we work and live in Canada and around the world – in areas from fighting climate change to making advancements in health care. The Government of Canada will continue to support Canadian companies to help them keep growing and staying competitive, while driving economic growth and creating highly skilled and well-paying jobs for Canadians.

The Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau, today announced a new federal investment of $40 million to enable the Toronto-based Canadian quantum computing company Xanadu Quantum Technologies Inc. to build and commercialize the world's first photonic-based, fault-tolerant quantum computer. Once developed, this computer will have the potential to provide world leading capabilities to help solve complex data problems and could be used in a variety of sectors such as finance, transportation, environmental modelling, and health.

Supported through the government's Strategic Innovation Fund, this $177.8 million project is expected to create 530 new highly skilled positions in the high-tech and quantum computing fields.

Home to some of the world's largest quantum tech hubs, Canada is well positioned to become a global leader in the developing quantum sector, which will create new opportunities for Canadians and Canadian businesses. The Government of Canada will continue to invest in innovative companies to grow the economy and create highly skilled and well-paying jobs for Canadians.

Quotes

"Quantum technology is changing the world as we know it. With the potential to solve difficult problems in key areas such as health care, finance, and climate sciences, this sector expands the realm of possibility. Today's announcement is great news for Canadian workers and businesses. This investment will bring good jobs, spur economic growth, boost innovation, and solidify Canada as a world leader in quantum technology."

— The Rt. Hon. Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada

"Quantum technologies will set the course of the future and thanks to companies like Xanadu, Canada is at the forefront ready to lead. With today's announcement, our government is strengthening Canada's position in quantum technology and helping to create more economic growth and good jobs for Canadians. We'll continue to build this sector through our National Quantum Strategy and support made-in-Canada technology so Canada remains a world leader for decades to come."

— The Hon. François-Philippe Champagne, Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry

"The government's continued investment in quantum technologies has been invaluable to our success. We are proud to be a Canadian company and, with this investment, are excited to enter the next phase in our mission to build quantum computers that are useful and available to people everywhere."

— Christian Weedbrook, Founder and CEO, Xanadu

Quick Facts

  • Since the birth of quantum science more than 100 years ago, quantum technologies have been the source of many game-changing innovations such as semiconductors and the laser.
  • Quantum science is the study, manipulation, and control of systems at the atomic and subatomic level.
  • It is estimated that by 2045, the Canadian quantum industry will be a $139 billion industry, including all economic effects, and account for over 200,000 jobs, according to a study commissioned by the National Research Council in 2020.
  • Earlier this month, the Government of Canada launched its National Quantum Strategy, which invests an additional $360 million to help solidify Canada as a global leader in quantum technologies.
  • Over the past 10 years, the Government of Canada has invested more than $1 billion in quantum research and science.
  • Additionally, the government has invested in bringing new quantum technologies to the Canadian and global markets, including investments through Canada's regional development agencies, the Strategic Innovation Fund, and the National Research Council of Canada's Industrial Research Assistance Program.
  • Xanadu is a notable contributor to Canada's innovation ecosystem and has committed to continuing to support innovation, growth, and Canada's research and development sector.
  • Founded in 2016, Xanadu is a Toronto-based Canadian quantum computing company with the mission to build quantum computers that are useful and available to people everywhere. Xanadu has become one of the world's leading quantum hardware and software companies and leads the development of PennyLane, an open-source software library for quantum computing and application development.

Associated Links

This document is also available at https://pm.gc.ca

SOURCE Prime Minister's Office

View original content: http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/January2023/23/c3179.html

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

IBM, a leader in quantum systems, delivered a 1,000-qubit quantum chip in 2023.

Title:

Content: 3 Quantum Computing Stocks That Could Grow Your Wealth

Advertisement

  • Quantum computing stocks offer growth potential in emerging technology.
  • IBM (IBM): Leader in quantum systems development, focusing on miniaturization and accuracy.
  • Intel (INTC): Applying transistor-based design to quantum computing with silicon spin qubits.
  • IonQ (IONQ): Developing trapped ion quantum systems with strong technological advantages.

Quantum computing stocks are working toward creating and selling quantum computers and other quantum products. These technologies are based on principles of quantum mechanics. This includes superposition and entanglement to perform operations that a classical processor cannot. These stocks provide a way to enter a field expected to transform many industries.

Thus, investing in quantum computing stocks is quite promising, considering the development of the industry. Some of the breakthroughs in quantum computing hardware include the creation of superconducting qubits and error correction software for larger quantum computers. There has been progress in increasing the qubit coherence times and combining classical and quantum computing to solve real-life problems.

Many of these quantum computing stocks trade at reasonable valuations. Now is a great time for investors to consider these options to grow their wealth. So here are three quantum computing stocks to consider.

IBM (IBM)

Source: shutterstock.com/LCV

IBM (NYSE:IBM) is one of the leading companies in the race toward quantum computing. It’s constantly pushing forward to create efficient quantum systems. The company’s delivery of the first 1,000-qubit quantum chip in 2023 proved incredible advancements are being made in this field.

What’s more, IBM’s approach has changed significantly since the company decided to focus on the miniaturization of quantum chips and their increased accuracy rather than increasing the number of qubits. While quantum computing still has a long way to go before it is practically usable, it has the potential to be used in fields such as cryptography, optimization, and simulation. This is where computing accuracy is paramount.

Thanks to its technical competence, cooperation with other industries, and conceptual approach to the development of quantum computing, IBM has the potential to lead the way forward.

Financially and technically, IBM pays a solid and growing dividend and has a low beta, making it a defensive pick in one’s portfolio.

Intel (INTC)

Intel (NASDAQ:INTC) has become one of the frontrunners in the race to build quantum computers through the application of transistor-based design and semiconductor manufacturing. Thus, by transferring the methods for creating and verifying conventional chips to silicon-based quantum computers, Intel has made a significant leap forward in its creation.

This is because the company is using silicon spin qubits, which are somewhat similar to the familiar semiconductor transistors. This allows the company to use its advanced CMOS fabrication facilities to place millions or even billions of these qubits on a single chip.

Intel’s progress in developing a 12-qubit silicon chip on a 300mm wafer with an impressive 95% yield rate proves its capacity to meet the stability standards of quantum computers. Also, Intel has perfected the cryogenic wafer probing technique. This allows it to test its quantum devices and make necessary adjustments faster.

INTC could be one of the top quantum computing stocks to consider to include an award-winning brand your portfolio.

IonQ (IONQ)

IonQ (NYSE:IONQ) is a leading developer of quantum computing systems using trapped ions. This approach could potentially enhance the reliability of its quantum computations.

IonQ has a strong technological advantage and owns 74 US-issued patents and 163 pending applications covering its quantum computing solutions. It is also engaged in the process of developing its quantum hardware for the commercial market, through which is available on the major cloud platforms and has signed several strategic partnerships,

One of the best things about IONQ is its financials are in good shape. This is more than what can be said for other companies that are exploring more experimental strategies.

As per its Q1 results, IonQ has high gross margins and increasing orders for quantum systems. The company expects to achieve net income before seeking more capital and thus prepare for long-term development. These factors make IONQ one of those quantum computing stocks to buy.

On the date of publication, Matthew Farley did not have (either directly or indirectly) any positions in the securities mentioned in this article. The opinions expressed are those of the writer, subject to the InvestorPlace.com Publishing Guidelines.

Matthew started writing coverage of the financial markets during the crypto boom of 2017 and was also a team member of several fintech startups. He then started writing about Australian and U.S. equities for various publications. His work has appeared in MarketBeat, FXStreet, Cryptoslate, Seeking Alpha, and the New Scientist magazine, among others.

Article printed from InvestorPlace Media, https://investorplace.com/2024/07/3-quantum-computing-stocks-that-could-grow-your-wealth/.

©2024 InvestorPlace Media, LLC

What are important areas in quantum research?

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

Countries like Japan, Germany, and Finland are also heavily investing in quantum computing research.

Title:

Content: ISSN 2330-717X

Finland’s First 5-Qubit Quantum Computer Is Now Operational

By

VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland recently announced that the country’s first operational 5-qubit quantum computer is up and running. Together with the quantum computing hardware startup IQM, VTT has taken its first steps to enable the building of quantum computers that will be both scalable and easier to manufacture, allowing more companies to begin their quantum computing journey.

The incredible computing performance of quantum computers makes it possible to solve problems that are beyond the capabilities of modern high-performance computers. In the future, quantum computers will be used, for instance, to accurately model viruses and drugs or used to design materials that are challenging to design with today’s technology.

“The development of quantum computing will affect all industries. Our experience in building the quantum computer, and our know-how in developing quantum algorithms will help us develop quantum foresight to, for example, identify future trends and support companies in understanding how and when their business will be affected,” says Pekka Pursula, Research Manager at VTT. “The best way to do this will be for companies to work together with VTT, and actually use our new hardware.”

The now-unveiled 5-qubit quantum computer is located at Micronova, part of OtaNano, the national research infrastructure for micro and nanotechnology, jointly run by VTT and Aalto University.

The big challenge in quantum computing is scalability. Quantum physicists and engineers around the world are trying to figure out how to scale quantum computing hardware to include hundreds and thousands of qubits, scale up the production in an economically efficient way, and scale algorithms and use of quantum computing in real-life applications.

VTT has 30 years of expertise in quantum technology research and excellent facilities to work on hardware scaling. The scaling of the use requires VTT to work hand-in-hand with the companies to develop algorithms for specific applications.

“Today’s announcement marks an important milestone for IQM and for the European quantum initiatives. With the completion of this phase, IQM will become one of the very few quantum companies that can deliver an on-premises quantum computer to a customer. I congratulate our partners, VTT and also the entire IQM team who has managed to deliver this ambitious milestone during the pandemic. This is just the first phase of the delivery and because of our ability to upgrade the systems, we are looking forward to working with VTT on delivering the 20-qubit and the 50-qubit systems,” says Dr. Jan Goetz, CEO and co-founder of IQM

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The global quantum computing market is expected to reach $1.77bn by 2026 and $8.5 billion by 2027, driven by the finance sector at a 30.2% CAGR.

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On February 8, crypto legend Charlie Shrem will reveal a potential $100 trillion explosion in cryptocurrency — and his #1 way to play it.

Tue, February 8 at 7:00PM ET

7 Best Quantum Computing Stocks to Buy in 2022

Quantum computing offers the potential to harness big data, make intricate predictions and use artificial intelligence (AI) to revolutionize business operations. Many industries such as automotive, agriculture, finance, healthcare, energy, logistics and space will be affected from the growth in this technology. As a result, Wall Street has been paying significant attention to quantum computing stocks.

Once considered science fiction, quantum computing has made significant progress in recent years to solve complex problems at lightning speed. This advanced technology uses the power of quantum mechanics to represent complex problems. These computers can take seconds to calculate equations that normally take days for machines that use a binary framework.

International Data Corporation forecasts that the global market for quantum computing should grow from about $412 million in 2020 to more than $8.5 billion in 2027. This increase would mean a  compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of an eye-popping 50% between now and 2027. Given such metrics, it’s understandable why investors are thrilled about the future of quantum computing stocks.

While it is currently in its early days, Wall Street has already warmed up to long-term prospects of this technology. Besides several pure-play quantum computing stocks going public in 2021, well-known tech names are pouring significant research dollars to invest in this advanced segment.

With that information, here are the seven best quantum computing stocks to buy in 2022:

  • Analog Devices (NASDAQ:ADI)
  • Defiance Quantum ETF (NYSEARCA:QTUM)
  • International Business Machines (NYSE:IBM)
  • IonQ (NYSE:IONQ)
  • Microsoft (NASDAQ:MSFT)
  • Nvidia (NASDAQ:NVDA)
  • Supernova Partners Acquisition II (NYSE:SNII)

Quantum Computing Stocks: Analog Devices (ADI)

Source: Shutterstock

52-week range: $142.25 – $191.95

Dividend yield: 1.7%

Semiconductor group Analog Devices manufactures integrated circuits that process analog and digital signals. ADI’s chips are used in data converters, high-performance amplifiers and microwave-integrated circuits.

Analog Devices issued Q4 2021 metrics on Nov. 23. Revenue increased 53% year-over-year (YOY) to $2.34 billion. Adjusted earnings soared from $1.44 per share to $1.73 per share. The company generated a free cash flow of $810 million. Cash and equivalents ended the period at $1.98 billion.

Factory automation has fueled demand for sensors and machine connectivity, which increasingly rely on Analog’s chips. In addition, the automotive industry has also become a key growth driver due to the rising use of advanced electronics in electric vehicles (EVs).

In late August, the chipmaker completed the acquisition of Maxim Integrated. The billion transaction should increase ADI’s market share in automotive and 5G chipmaking.

ADI currently trades just under $160, up 7% over the past 12 months. Shares are trading at 21.5 times forward earnings and 8.9 times trailing sales. The 12-month median price forecast for Analog Devices stock stands at $210.

Defiance Quantum ETF (QTUM)

Source: Maxx-Studio/ShutterStock.com

52-Week Range: $42.96 – $57.15

Expense Ratio: 0.40% per year

QTUM is an exchange-traded fund (ETF) that focuses on the next generation of computing. It offers exposure to names leading the way in quantum computing, machine learning and cloud computing. The fund tracks the BlueStar Quantum Computing and Machine Learning Index.

QTUM, which started trading in September 2018, has 71 holdings. The top 10 holdings account for less than 20% of net assets of $161.5 million. Put another way, fund managers are not taking major bets on any company.

Among the leading holdings on the roster are the security and aerospace company Lockheed Martin (NYSE:LMT), French telecommunications operator Orange (NYSE:ORAN) and IBM.

For most retail investors, QTUM could potentially be a safe and diversified place to start investing in quantum computing. As portfolio companies come from a wide range of technology segments, wide swings in the price of one stock will not affect the ETF significantly.

The fund has gained 8.7% over the past year and saw an all-time high in November 2021. However, the recent selloff in tech stocks led to a 10.7% decline year-to-date (YTD). Interested readers could regard this decline as a good entry point into QTUM.

Quantum Computing Stocks: International Business Machines (IBM)

Source: shutterstock.com/LCV

52-week range: $113.17 – $146.12

Dividend Yield: 4.8%

Technology giant International Business Machines (IBM) needs little introduction. The legacy tech name offers integrated solutions and services, including infrastructure, software, information technology (IT) and hardware.

IBM announced Q4 2021 financials on Jan. 24. The company generated revenues of $16.7 billion, up 6.5% YOY. Net income stood at $2.33 billion, or $2.57 per diluted share, up from $1.36 billion, or $1.51 per diluted share, in the prior-year quarter. Cash and equivalents ended the period at $6.65 billion.

After the announcement, CEO Arvind Krishna said, “We increased revenue in the fourth quarter with hybrid cloud adoption driving growth in
software and consulting.”

The company launched its Quantum System One quantum computer in 2019. Around 150 research groups and partner companies currently use IBM’s quantum computing services. These names come from financial services businesses, automakers and energy suppliers.

In June 2021, IBM unveiled Europe’s most powerful quantum computer in Germany. Moreover, the tech giant recently announced a deal with Raytheon Technologies (NYSE:RTX) to provide quantum computing and AI services for the aerospace, defense and intelligence industries.

IBM currently changes hands around $137, up 20% over the past 12 months. Shares are trading at 13.5 times forward earnings and 2.2 times trailing sales. The 12-month median price forecast for IBM stock is $144.50. Interested readers could consider buying IBM shares around these levels.

IonQ (IONQ)

Source: Shutterstock

52-week range: $7.07 – $35.90

IonQ is one of the first publicly traded pure-play quantum computing stocks. It went public via a merger with the special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) dMY Technology Group III in late 2021.

The quantum name released Q3 2021 results on Nov. 15. Its net loss was $14.8 million, or 12 cents loss per diluted share, compared to a net loss of $3.6 million a year ago. Cash and equivalents ended the quarter at $587 million. Wall Street was pleased that at the time, YTD contract bookings came in at $15.1 million.

IonQ is currently developing a network of quantum computers accessible from various cloud services. The technology uses ionized atoms that allow IonQ’s machines to perform complex calculations with fewer errors than any other quantum computer available.

The start-up has the financial backing of prominent investors, including Bill Gates and the Japanese telecommunications company Softbank Group (OTCMKTS:SFTBF). In addition, IonQ has been developing strategic partnerships with Microsoft, Amazon’s (NASDAQ:AMZN) Amazon Web Services and Alphabet’s (NASDAQ:GOOG, NASDAQ:GOOGL) Google Cloud.

While IonQ is taking steps to become a commercialization-stage name, it is still a speculative investment. With its potential for explosive growth, it could be an attractive quantum computing stock for investors looking to take a risk.

IONQ stock hovers around $12. The recent selloff in tech stocks has led to a 26.7% decline YTD. Yet, the 12-month median price forecast for IONQ stock stands at $23.

Quantum Computing Stocks: Microsoft (MSFT)

Source: rafapress / Shutterstock.com

52-week range: $224.26 – $349.67

Dividend Yield: 0.8%

Microsoft is one the largest and most prominent technology firms worldwide. It offers software products and services, including Azure cloud service, the Office 365 productivity suite and the customer relationship management (CRM) platform Dynamics 365.

Meanwhile, the Microsoft Quantum is “the world’s first full-stack, open cloud quantum computing ecosystem” that allows developers to create quantum applications and run them on multiple platforms. The software giant provides quantum computing services via the cloud on Azure.

Management announced robust Q2 FY22 metrics on Jan. 25. Revenue increased 20% YOY to $51.7 billion. Net income surged 21% YOY to $18.8 billion, or $2.48 per diluted share, compared to $15.5 billion, or $2.03 per diluted share, in the prior-year quarter. Cash and equivalents ended the period at $20.6 billion.

On Jan. 18, Microsoft announced plans to acquire Activision Blizzard (NASDAQ:ATVI), a leading player in game and interactive entertainment development. It will be an all-cash transaction valued at $68.7 billion. Wall Street expects this deal to provide tailwinds for Microsoft’s gaming business and building blocks for the metaverse.

MSFT stock currently trades just under $310, up 27% over the past 12 months. Shares support a valuation of 32.6 times forward earnings and 12.3 times trailing sales. And the 12-month median price forecast for Microsoft stock stands at $370.

Nvidia (NVDA)

Source: Antonio Baccardi / Shutterstock.com

52-week range: $115.67 – $346.47

Dividend Yield: 0.06%

Santa Clara, California-based Nvidia has become an important name in advanced semiconductor design and software for next-generation computing development. InvestorPlace readers likely know the chipmaker is a market leader in the gaming and data center markets.

Nvidia announced impressive Q3 FY 2022 numbers on Nov. 17. Revenue soared 50% YOY to a record $7.1 billion, fueled by record sales in the gaming and data center businesses. Net income increased 62% YOY to $2.97 billion, or $1.17 per diluted share. Cash and equivalents ended the period at $1.29 billion.

The chipmaker provides the necessary processing power that drives the development of quantum computing. Additionally, Nvidia recently released cuQuantum, a software development kit designed for building quantum computing workflows. It has partnered with Google, IBM and other quantum computing players that rely on cuQuantum to accelerate their quantum computing work.

Given its growing addressable market in cloud computing, gaming, AI, and more recently the metaverse, NVDA stock deserves your attention. Share are changing hands around $245, up nearly 80% over the past year. However, despite an 18% decline YTD, shares are trading at 46.5 times forward earnings and 25 times trailing sales.

Finally, the 12-month median price forecast for Nvidia stock is $350. As the company gets ready to report earnings soon, investors should expect increased choppiness in price.

Quantum Computing Stocks: Supernova Partners Acquisition II (SNII)

Source: Dmitry Demidovich/ShutterStock.com

52-week range: $9.62 – $12.75

Our final stock is Supernova Partners Acquisition II, a SPAC. It is merging with Rigetti Computing, a start-up focused on quantum computer development. As a result of the merger, Rigetti Computing was valued at about $1.5 billion and received $458 million in gross cash proceeds.

Rigetti designs quantum chips and then integrates those chips with a controlling architecture. It also develops software used to build algorithms for these chips.

Rigetti recently announced business highlights for the nine months ended Oct. 31, 2021. Revenue came in at $6.9 million. Net operating loss declined 3% YOY to $26.2 million.

“We believe the time for quantum computing has arrived,” said founder and CEO Chad Rigetti. “Customer demand is increasing as Rigetti quantum computers begin to address high-impact computational problems.”

The start-up launched the world’s first scalable multi-chip quantum processor in June 2021. This processor boasts a proprietary modular architecture. Now Wall Street expects the company to move toward commercialization.

Rigetti collaborates with government entities and technology to advance its quantum processors. For instance, it boasts strategic partnerships with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the U.S. Department of Energy. It also works with data analytics firm Palantir Technologies (NYSE:PLTR) and electronics manufacturer Keysight Technologies (NYSE:KEYS).

SNII stock is currently shy of $10, down about 4% YTD. As investors’ interest in quantum computing names grow, shares are likely to become hot.

On the date of publication, Tezcan Gecgil holds both long and short positions in NVDA stock. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the writer, subject to the InvestorPlace.com Publishing Guidelines.

Tezcan Gecgil has worked in investment management for over two decades in the U.S. and U.K. In addition to formal higher education in the field, she has also completed all 3 levels of the Chartered Market Technician (CMT) examination. Her passion is for options trading based on technical analysis of fundamentally strong companies. She especially enjoys setting up weekly covered calls for income generation.

Article printed from InvestorPlace Media, https://investorplace.com/2022/02/7-best-quantum-computing-stocks-to-buy-in-2022/.

©2022 InvestorPlace Media, LLC

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Quantum computing can revolutionize industries like finance, healthcare, and energy by solving complex problems and simulating chemical reactions.

Title:

Content: The present and future of quantum computing
New Research 2022 / 12 / 13 19: 16: 07 Edited by: Yuansheng
The limitations of contemporary supercomputers, as well as their implications for academia and institutions around the world, are drawing the attention of the scientific community.
For example, researchers can use current techniques to perform more complex simulations, such as those that focus on chemistry and the reactive properties of each element.
However, as the complexity of these interactions increases, they become more challenging for current supercomputers.
Due to the limited processing power of these devices, it is nearly impossible to complete these types of calculations, forcing scientists to choose between speed and precision when conducting these studies.
To provide some context for the breadth of these experiments, let ’ s start with the example of hydrogen atom modeling.
With only one proton and one electron in hydrogen, researchers can easily perform chemical reactions manually or rely on computers to complete calculations.
However, depending on the number of atoms and whether the electrons are entangled, the process becomes more difficult.
To write out every conceivable result of an element like thulium, which contains a staggering 69 electrons, all twisted together, would take more than 20 trillion years.
Obviously, this time is too long for us, and we need a new way out.
Quantum computers open the door to a whole new world of possibilities.
The equations needed to simulate chemistry have been known to the scientific community since the 1930s, but it has only recently begun to build computers with the ability and reliability to perform these calculations.
Today ’ s quantum computers provide the speed researchers need to mimic all aspects of chemistry, making them significantly predictive and reducing the need for laboratory testing.
Colleges and universities may be able to use quantum computers to augment existing knowledge of chemistry.
Consider the potential time and cost savings that could be achieved if quantum computers were able to eliminate the need for laboratory testing during research.
Moreover, since the computational power to master chemical properties did not exist previously, this step could lead to a major step forward in chemistry previously unknown to the world
01. Quantum computing in practice
Many companies are already using quantum computing.
For example, IBM is working with Mercedes-Benz, ExxonMobil, CERN, and Mitsubishi Chemical to implement quantum computing into their products and services:
Mercedes-Benz
Mercedes-Benz is exploring quantum computing to create better batteries for its electric vehicles.
The company hopes to shape the future of modern electric vehicles by implementing quantum computing in its products and making an impact on the environment by implementing quantum computing in its products in an effort to be carbon neutral by 2039.
Simulating what ’ s going on inside a battery is incredibly difficult, even with today ’ s most advanced computers.
However, using quantum computing technology, Mercedes-Benz can more accurately simulate chemical reactions in car batteries.
Exxon Mobil
ExxonMobil is using quantum algorithms to more easily discover the most efficient routes for transporting clean combustion fuels around the world.
Without quantum computing, it would be almost impossible to compute all routing combinations and find the most efficient routing combinations.
European Centre for Nuclear Research
The European Centre for Nuclear Research (CERN) is trying to discover the secrets of the universe.
Using quantum computing, CERN can find algorithms to pinpoint complex events in the universe in a more efficient way.
For example, quantum computing could help CERN figure out patterns in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) data.
Mitsubishi Chemical
A team from Mitsubishi Chemical and Keio University is working on a key chemical step for lithium-oxygen batteries: lithium superoxide rearrangement.
They are using quantum computers to "perform accurate simulations of what happens inside a chemical reaction at the molecular level".
Advantages and disadvantages of quantum computing
Quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize industries such as finance, pharmaceuticals, artificial intelligence, and automotive in the coming years, fundamentally changing the world around us.
The value of quantum computers comes from the probabilistic way in which they operate.
By using the probabilistic computing style directly instead of simulating it, computer scientists have shown potential applications for fast search engines, more accurate weather forecasts, and precise medical applications.
In addition, quantum computers represent the original motivation for the development of quantum computing and are very useful in directly simulating quantum mechanics.
Perhaps the main appeal of quantum computing is that it can solve problems faster, making it ideal for applications that need to handle large amounts of data (for example, aerospace logistics, drug manufacturing, molecular research, or other fields that use canonical processes at the atomic level).
However, creating a powerful quantum computer is not an easy task and involves many drawbacks.
The sensitivity of quantum computing systems to extreme temperatures is one of the main drawbacks.
In order for the system to function properly, it must be near absolute zero temperature, which poses a major engineering challenge.
Moreover, quantum bit quality is not where it needs to be.
After a given number of instructions, qubits can produce inaccurate results, and quantum computers lack error correction to solve this problem.
Because of the number of wires or lasers required to make each qubit, keeping control is difficult, especially if the goal is to create a chip with a million qubits.
And quantum computing is very expensive: the cost of a single qubit can be as high as $10,000 or so.
Finally, if standard information systems and encryption methods are used for malicious purposes, they will be overwhelmed by the processing power of quantum computers.
These computers ’ reliance on the principles of quantum physics allows them to decrypt the most secure data (e.g., bank records, government secrets, and internet / email passwords).
Cryptography experts around the world will need to develop encryption techniques that can withstand possible attacks from quantum computers.
Impact of Quantum Computing on Higher Education
The education community is always looking for new opportunities for growth and prosperity.
Many higher education institutions have begun extensive research into quantum computing, using the unique properties of quantum physics to usher in a new era of technology, including computers capable of performing currently impossible computations, ultra-secure quantum networks, and exotic new quantum materials.
Oxford University
Researchers at the University of Oxford are interested in quantum research because of its huge potential in areas such as healthcare, finance and security.
The university is recognized worldwide as a pioneer in the field of quantum science.
Oxford and York universities demonstrate first working pure state NMR quantum computer
Harvard University
Researchers at Harvard University have established a community group, the Harvard Quantum Initiative for Science and Engineering, with the goal of making significant progress in science and engineering related to quantum computers and their applications.
According to research conducted by the group, the “second quantum revolution ” will build on the first quantum revolution, which is responsible for the development of global communications, technologies such as GPS flight, and medical breakthroughs such as magnetic resonance imaging.
University of Maryland
Researchers from the University of Maryland's Department of Physics, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the Physical Sciences Laboratory are part of the Joint Quantum Institute "dedicated to the goal of controlling and utilizing quantum systems."
Institute of Technology
MIT researchers have built a quantum computer and are working on areas such as quantum algorithms and complexity, quantum information theory, measurement and control, and applications and connectivity.
University of California, Berkeley
Researchers at the Center for Quantum Computing and Information at the University of California, Berkeley are working on basic quantum algorithms, cryptography, information theory, quantum control, and experiments with quantum computers and quantum devices.
University of Chicago Quantum Exchange
Researchers at the University of Chicago Quantum Exchange are focusing on developing new ways to understand and utilize the laws of quantum mechanics. CQE encourages collaboration, joint projects and information exchange between research groups and collaborating institutions.
China University of Science and Technology
Researchers at the University of Science and Technology of China are exploring quantum optics and quantum information.
Areas of major interest include quantum foundations, free space and fiber-based quantum communication, superconducting quantum computing, supercooled atomic quantum simulations, and quantum metrology theory and theory-related concepts.
One broad impact on higher education is that quantum computing will open up new careers for tomorrow ’ s students.
In addition, this technology will allow for accurate forecasting of the overall growth of the job market and the demand for skilled and knowledgeable workers in all fields.
In the near future, the power of quantum computing will be unleashed on machine learning.
In the field of education, quantum-driven algorithms will make informed decisions about student learning and deficiencies, just as quantum computing promises to revolutionize medical classification and diagnosis.
In addition, quantum computing will power a new era of individual learning, knowledge and achievement.
This will be achieved by processing large amounts of student data in a timely manner, and quantum computers may eventually have the ability to control programs designed to accommodate students ’ unique achievements and abilities, as well as backfilling specific areas where students may need help.
These aspects of quantum computing are critical to achieving the goal of truly personalized learning.
Through the cloud, you can access any of the relatively small number of physical quantum subcomputers in the world.
These computers include the 20 + IBM Quantum System One, which is currently installed more in the United States, Germany and Japan, and more are planned in the United States, South Korea and Canada.
Anyone with an internet connection can log on to a quantum computer and be educated on the basics of quantum programming.
For example, IBM offers a variety of quantum-centric education programs, including access to quantum computers, teaching support, summer schools, and hackathons.
The IBM Quantum Educator and Investigator Program and Qubit ’ s “Introduction to Quantum Computing ” are just two examples of quantum computing resources that are accessible to educators and students alike.
Such initiatives are absolutely necessary.
Colleges and universities around the world need to collaborate to bridge the current knowledge gap in quantum education and prepare the next generation of scientists and engineers.
04 、 Conclusion
The quantum computing revolution is happening.
We have just entered a new era of computing.
Next generation computing is not the next generation of hardware, but the next generation of algorithms and computing
Quantum computers use quantum mechanics principles to solve problems.
Compared to classical computers, the state of a quantum system is inherently probabilistic.
This means that quantum computers can handle many times more computations than conventional computers.
05, extended reading
The main players in quantum computing can be divided into four categories: the first category is international technology giants, such as IBM, Google, Honeywell, etc.; the second category is quantum computing startups, such as Rigetti, IonQ, etc.; the third category is national scientific research institutes, such as Fermilab, Argonne National Laboratory, and the Institute of Quantum Information and Quantum Technology Innovation. University of Cambridge, University of Science and Technology of China, Harvard University, etc.
Today's quantum computers can only deal with one or a few aspects of the problem, and they have not yet reached the level of generality.
Quantum technology companies not only need to invest heavily in developing quantum computers, but also need to have many researchers designing and manufacturing quantum hardware and software to support these machines.
In the future, general quantum computers need to work on the underlying quantum physics equipment, quantum computer architecture, quantum resource scheduling, upper quantum programming language, quantum algorithms and quantum application software.
The following are typical representatives of the quantum computing industry regarding the latest technological and commercial advances in quantum computing.
The information provided herein is for general guidance and informational purposes only, and the contents of this article should not be considered investment, business, legal or tax advice under any circumstances.
This article is from the WeChat public account: new research (ID: chuxinyanjiu), author: Yousef Fazea, compiled by: Tang Shi
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What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely complex calculations
extremely fast calculations

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Quantum computers pose significant risks, including cracking current encryption methods and compromising data security.

Title:

Content: US Markets Loading... H M S In the news
HOMEPAGE

Industries can get ahead of quantum's future decryption potential right now

By Scott Crowder, Vice President, IBM Quantum Adoption and Business Development

Quantum computers are maturing quickly. And we see their rapid development as an important opportunity to potentially solve business problems that could revolutionize fields from medicine to finance. But this rapid development also brings risk: Future quantum computers could crack the encryption schemes that safeguard valuable data, like health records and financial data.

As we work to bring about quantum computers that deliver practical advantages over today's computers, we also must ensure that we continue to protect sensitive systems and data. One immediate concern: 'Harvest-now, hack-later' attacks — where sensitive encrypted data is stolen today for decryption using future quantum computers. This is especially critical for governments and highly regulated industries like finance, healthcare, and telco. In fact, 83% of organizations have experienced more than one data breach in their lifetime, according to IBM's 2022 Cost of a Data Breach Report. The good news is that quantum-safe cryptography, capable of protecting this information, exists today. And government and industry are taking notice.

In May, the White House released a memorandum laying out the administration's plan for securing critical systems against potential quantum threats. In July, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) announced four quantum-safe algorithms for post-quantum cryptographic standardization, which they expect to finalize by 2024. Three of these algorithms were developed by IBM scientists, in collaboration with industry and academic partners. And last month, the US government issued directions on migrating to quantum-safe cryptography to its agencies.

In September, telecommunications industry organization GSMA formed a Post-Quantum Telco Network Taskforce — which IBM and Vodafone joined as initial members — to help define processes to protect telcos from this quantum future. The World Economic Forum recently estimated that more than 20 billion digital devices will need to be either upgraded or replaced in the next 10-20 years to support these new forms of quantum-safe encrypted communication.

To help speed up the understanding and prioritization of what data to protect first, IBM recently demonstrated the first Cryptography Bill of Materials. Like the Software Bill of Materials concept from software supply chains, IBM's "CBOM" simplifies the cryptography inventory assessment across software, services, and infrastructure to identify needed cryptographic components.

Moving to quantum-safe cryptography

Cryptographic standards rely on problems easy for a computer to check but hard to solve. For example, classical computers have a hard time factoring large numbers, but can easily check that two prime numbers multiply together to result in some large number. So, modern encryption methods often use large numbers as codes, such that their prime factors form a key.

However, in 1994, mathematician Peter Shor developed an algorithm that could quickly factor large prime numbers. His namesake algorithm showed a way to crack these codes with fault-tolerant quantum computers. Today's quantum computers aren't yet capable of using Shor's algorithm to factor the numbers used today, but that could change as quantum computers advance in scale, quality, and speed.

With 'quantum advantage' on the horizon, business leaders should prepare for how they could benefit. But they should also understand the risk of future fault-tolerant quantum computers, and explore quantum-safe cryptography to protect their data and systems.

We may not know exactly when it will be possible to breach today's encryption, but one thing is clear: Any data that falls into the wrong hands before an organization transitions to quantum-safe cryptography should be considered lost. And computer systems that need to operate securely without major modifications over time — like the computers in cars, or embedded in satellites — will need to be quantum-safe. Can you afford to wait?

Learn more about the importance of quantum-safe cryptography in the digital economy.

This post was created by IBM with Insider Studios.

Sponsor Post Studios Enterprise Brand Supplied

What are the potential threats of quantum computers?

threatening national security through breaking encryption

Quantum computing is a rapidly evolving field with significant investments, progress, challenges, and risks.

Title:

Content: Satyam Priyadarshy

Rajesh Mehta

Governments, venture capitalists, and private companies have invested billions of dollars in quantum computing in the last 10 years. Recently, at the Puzzle X conference held in Barcelona, it was evident that Europe is preparing to take on the leadership role to push the boundaries of quantum computing ecosystem. So, what is quantum computing?

Bits to Qubits

In simple words, quantum computing combines the fields of quantum mechanics and computer science. It moves us beyond Bits to Qubits. In traditional computer science, the information is stored and manipulated using bits that have two discrete states, 0 and 1, while in the quantum computing world, Qubits can represent both states at the same time, thus allowing for a high degree of parallelism, enabling by phenomena of “interference, superposition, and entanglement.”

Such parallelism allows quantum computers to tackle computational challenges that become a limiting factor for traditional computers.

Wide applications

Many companies in the quantum computing field are engaged in solving complex problems that could significantly impact the fields of drug development, material design, energy transition, finance, security, and defense.

All nations must address various aspects of the quantum computing ecosystem sooner than later due to China’s quantum computing activities.

The National Quantum Mission (NQM) was approved by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, on April 19, 2023.

With a budget of ₹6,003 crore over eight years, it aims to create, develop, and nurture the quantum technology ecosystem in the country.

The goal of the mission is to develop intermediate-scale quantum computers with 50-1,000 physical qubits in various platforms like superconducting and photonic technology. Satellite-based secure quantum communications between ground stations over a range of 2,000 km within India, long-distance secure quantum communications with other countries, inter-city quantum key distribution over 2,000 km, as well as multi-node quantum networks with quantum memories, are among the other deliverables. The technology is expected to break ground in communications, cryptography, intelligence, fossil fuel exploration, space research, and drug design.

As we step into 2024, an increased set of activities to solve complex challenges will be addressed by combining the tools of Artificial Intelligence and Quantum computing.

Priyadarshy is a pioneer in the fields of Quantum Mechanics, Data Science, Big Data and Emerging Technologies; Mehta is an International Consultant in the field of Market Entry, Innovation and Public Policy

COMMENT NOW

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

The UK, EU, and China have allocated £2.5 billion, $1.2 billion, and $15.2 billion, respectively, for quantum research and investment.

Title:

Content: View all newsletters
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  1. Hardware
  2. Quantum
April 25, 2023

Investment in quantum technology hit a record $2.35bn last year

Billions of dollars have been invested in quantum technology since 2001 with the majority of that investment happening since 2020.

By Ryan Morrison

Quantum technology companies attracted more than $2.35bn in private investment last year, slightly breaking the record set in 2021. A new report by McKinsey suggests this investment could be well placed, as companies deploying quantum stand to gain $1.3trn in value by 2035. To unlock this potential companies have to focus on attracting top talent and scaling up the speed and accuracy of qubits. One expert says public and private sector organisations have a role to play in solving the talent problem.

The McKinsey report suggests four industries are likely to see the earliest impact – automotive, chemicals, financial services and life sciences. This is because these areas have high compute needs and complex problems where quantum advantage is likely to come earlier.

A significant amount of investment in quantum technology is going to start-ups that came into the industry in the past two years. According to McKinsey, 68% of the money put into quantum since 2001 has been invested in the last two years

As of last year, that investment is being spread over fewer new companies. In 2021, 41 quantum technology start-ups were founded, dropping to 19 in 2022 which, according to McKinsey suggests money is going to established start-ups rather than new companies, which could be tied to difficulties in attracting new talent.

The report suggests investors are looking for companies “ready to scale”, with four of the ten largest investment deals since 2001 closed in 2022. Some of these have been worth up to $500m and seven of the ten largest deals in 2022 were worth more than $100m.

Public sector investment is also growing rapidly with the US committing $1.8bn in 2022, the UK will spend £2.5bn over a decade and the EU has $1.2bn for quantum on the table. These are all dwarfed by the estimated $15.2bn public investment in quantum announced by the Chinese government.

Another reason for the redirection of investment towards more established companies could be tied to the slowdown in major scientific breakthroughs, the report authors speculated.

Many of the early-stage quantum technology companies are formed out of university projects and in 2022 the number of published papers on quantum technology declined by 61% between 2020 and 2021. There was another decline, of about 5% between 2022 and 2021. This, they wrote, could be due to challenges becoming harder to solve.

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Need for ‘fault -olerant’ quantum machines

The next stage in quantum computing requires both a ramp-up in qubit numbers and quality to create “fault-tolerant” processors capable of solving real-world problems more accurately and faster than classical computers. The problem is that while qubit numbers have been growing steadily, the quality hasn’t kept pace.

IBM has gone from a 20-qubit processor in 2019 to announcing a 1,000+ qubit machine due for release next year, but it also has a second track of processors with better quality qubits but far fewer actual qubits on each chip.

“In each of the five main approaches to quantum computers, difficult challenges remain,” the authors wrote. This is across all the main types of qubit being developed. For example, in photonics these devices still “leak” photons which results in computation failures and high error rates. In superconducting systems like those used by IBM and Google there are issues scaling up the control and cooling systems to handle potentially thousands of qubits.

These problems have to be solved to unlock the economic value the technology holds, the report authors declared. As economic value depends on speedup, which depends on algorithm complexity, execution time and problem size.

Achieving this scale-up will require top talent and while the talent gap is “significant”, McKinsey suggests it is narrowing in quantum technologies. “Our analysis shows that nearly two-thirds of open jobs in the industry could be filled with new masters’-level graduates in 2022.”

There are still shortages though, with OECD figures showing 717 active job postings last year and 450 master's-level graduates with degrees applicable to those vacancies. This was better than in 2021 when there were 851 job vacancies and just 290 graduates.

Talent isn't evenly spread. Based on density per million inhabitants the EU and UK are top destinations for graduates in quantum technology-relevant fields with 303 per million graduating in the EU in 2020 and 217 per million in the UK.

Ekaterina Almasque, general partner at VC fund OpenOcean, told Tech Monitor the quantum industry was “in its growth phase”, making it extremely challenging to find talent with the necessary skills across a range of technologies and services. “Most individuals working in the industry today were introduced to the concept of quantum computing at a relatively late stage," Almasque says. "While this will change naturally as the industry becomes more established, the private and public sector stakeholders of quantum computing must work together to improve this.”

She adds: “From a European perspective, many pioneering quantum computing businesses are pushing to become world leaders. For Europe to properly establish and maintain a lead in quantum computing, there must be a broad, strategic initiative for early education in quantum computing.”

  • Ryan Morrison writes a new weekly newsletter, Quantum Untangled, looking at the practical applications of quantum computing and interviewing leading figures from the industry. Sign up here.

Read more: How will the UK develop quantum computer regulation?

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What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

India has approved a National Quantum Mission with a ₹6,003 crore budget to develop 50-1,000 qubit quantum computers.

What are important areas in quantum research?

Germany has allocated €2 billion to develop a quantum computer within five years.

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

The global quantum computing market is expected to grow 36.89% CAGR from 2022 to 2032, led by North America.

Title:

Content: Quantum Computing Market was valued at nearly USD 234.06 billion by 2032

Prudour Private Limited

Updated · Mar 06, 2023

Quantum Computing Market Overview

Published Via 11Press: Quantum computing is a rapidly developing market that is revolutionizing how we approach computing and data processing. By employing principles of quantum mechanics to perform computations, quantum computers are capable of solving problems that classical computers may find impossible or impracticable to resolve.

The global quantum computing market size is forecast to reach USD 234.06 billion by 2032 from USD 10.13 billion in 2022, rising at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 36.89% during the forecast period.

At present, the quantum computing market is dominated by a few major players such as IBM, Google, Microsoft, and Honeywell. These firms are investing heavily in quantum computing research and development as well as creating quantum computing hardware and software systems.

The quantum computing market is expected to have a profound effect on industries such as healthcare, finance, logistics, and energy. Some key applications of quantum computing include drug discovery, supply chain optimization, financial modeling, and climate modeling.

Though the quantum computing market is promising, it still faces several obstacles such as high costs of hardware, a shortage of skilled experts in this area, and technical difficulties when building large-scale quantum computers. With ongoing research and development efforts, however, these problems should be overcome within the coming years, leading to even greater growth and innovation in this space.

Key Takeaways

  • The global quantum computing market size was valued at USD 234.06 billion in 2022 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of around 36.89% from 2022 to 2032.
  • Quantum computing is capable of solving problems that would be intractable or impossible for classical computers to solve.
  • The quantum computing market is dominated by a few major players, including IBM, Google, Microsoft and Honeywell.
  • The quantum computing market is expected to have a profound effect on numerous industries, such as healthcare, finance, logistics and energy.
  • Quantum computing has many important applications such as drug discovery, supply chain optimization, financial modeling and climate modeling.
  • The quantum computing market remains plagued by several obstacles, such as the high cost of quantum computing hardware, lack of qualified quantum computing experts and technical difficulties in building and running large-scale quantum computing systems.
  • Research and development are expected to overcome these obstacles within the next couple of years, propelling even greater growth and innovation in the quantum computing market.

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Regional Snapshot

  • North America: North America is currently the leading market for quantum computing, with the United States playing a major role. Major companies such as IBM, Google, and Microsoft are driving this growth through their presence and investment in research and development activities related to quantum computing. This region boasts numerous key players such as IBM, Google, and Microsoft which are driving demand within this region.
  • Europe: Europe is an increasingly important market for quantum computing, with countries such as the UK, Germany, and France investing heavily in research and development. Through partnerships between quantum computing companies and other technology firms as well as the growing adoption of quantum computing across various industries, this region’s market is experiencing rapid expansion.
  • Asia Pacific: The quantum computing market in Asia Pacific is expected to experience significant growth over the coming years due to increased investments in research and development by countries like China, Japan, and South Korea. Furthermore, there have been an increasing number of collaborations between companies using quantum computing with academic institutions as well as its increasing adoption across industries like healthcare and finance – all contributing factors for market expansion within this region.
  • The Rest of the World: Countries such as Brazil, South Africa, and the UAE are expected to experience significant growth in the quantum computing market over the coming years due to increased investments in research and development efforts as well as the growing adoption of quantum computing across various industries. These factors are fueling this region’s meteoric rise in this region.

Drivers

  • Quantum Computing Gaining Adoption in Various Industries: Quantum computing is seeing an uptick in popularity across a range of industries, such as healthcare, finance, logistics, and energy – as companies seek to use their power to solve complex problems and gain an edge in competition.
  • Investments in Quantum Computing Research and Development: Governments, academic institutions, and private companies have made substantial investments in quantum computing research and development, spurring innovation and progress within the field.
  • Growing Number of Partnerships and Collaborations: There has been an uptick in partnerships and collaborations between quantum computing companies and other technology firms, as well as academic institutions and research organizations. This trend is propelling the development of new quantum computing hardware and software systems, as well as its adoption across various industries.
  • Increasing Access to Cloud-Based Quantum Computing Services: The growing availability of cloud-based quantum computing services is making it simpler for companies and researchers to utilize this cutting-edge technology, spurring adoption and innovation within the field.

Restraints

  • Limited Access to Qualified Quantum Computing Experts: Unfortunately, there is currently a shortage of highly experienced quantum computing specialists, making it challenging for companies to construct and sustain quantum computing systems.
  • Technical Challenges in Building and Maintaining Large-Scale Quantum Computing Systems: The development of large-scale quantum computing systems is still in its early stages, so there are numerous technical obstacles that must be overcome, such as noise reduction, error correction, and scalability.
  • Limited Quantum Computing Applications: Although the list of potential applications for quantum computing is growing, the number of practical ones that have been developed and implemented remains limited. This can make it challenging for companies to justify investing in quantum computing technology.
  • Regulatory Challenges: Quantum computing technology may face regulatory restrictions, particularly around data privacy and security. This could create additional obstacles to the adoption and investment in the technology.

Opportunities

  • Growing Number of Partnerships and Collaborations: The growing number of partnerships and collaborations among quantum computing companies, other technology firms, academic institutions, and research organizations is creating opportunities for the development of new quantum computing hardware and software systems as well as its adoption across various industries.
  • Advancements in Quantum Computing Hardware and Software: With the rapid progress being made in the development of quantum computing hardware and software, new opportunities will present themselves for applying this technology across various industries and fields.
  • The growing availability of cloud-based quantum computing services: Cloud-based quantum computing services are making it simpler for companies and researchers to access and utilize quantum computing technology, spurring adoption and innovation within the field.
  • Growth of Quantum Computing as a Service: As more companies and researchers embrace the potential of quantum computing, cloud-based quantum computing services are creating exciting new business opportunities for those offering these solutions.
  • Potential for Breakthroughs in Areas such as Drug Discovery, Finance, and Energy: Quantum computing holds the potential to unravel complex issues in fields like drug discovery, finance, and energy – leading to major breakthroughs and advances. This presents companies with unique opportunities for those who can develop and implement quantum computing solutions in these sectors.

Challenges

  • Technical Challenges in Constructing and Running Large Quantum Computing Systems: As quantum computing systems continue to emerge, numerous technical obstacles must be overcome such as noise reduction, error correction, and scalability. These issues make it challenging for companies to construct and run these massive quantum computers efficiently.
  • Limited Access to Qualified Quantum Computing Experts: There is currently a shortage of highly experienced quantum computing professionals, making it difficult for companies to construct and maintain quantum computing systems. This shortage could potentially restrict the growth of this industry in the coming years.
  • Quantum computing Applications: While quantum computing has many potential uses, the number of practical applications that have been created and implemented remains limited. This could make investing in quantum computing technology and research on practical applications an attractive prospect.

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Recent Developments

  • Google Claims Quantum Supremacy: In 2019, Google claimed to have achieved quantum supremacy by performing a calculation on its quantum computer that even the most powerful supercomputers would take thousands of years to complete. This was seen as an important milestone in the advancement of quantum computing technology.
  • IBM Launches Quantum Computing Program for Students: In 2020, IBM unveiled a quantum computing program specifically tailored towards students that provides them with access to IBM’s resources and tools, as well as a platform for learning and collaboration.
  • Honeywell Achieves Quantum Computer Record Performance: On March 20, 2021, Honeywell revealed its creation of a quantum computer with an astonishing quantum volume of 512. This feat marked an amazing advancement in quantum computing technology and demonstrated how rapidly progress has been made since then.
  • Amazon Web Services Announces Quantum Computing Service: On June 2021, Amazon Web Services (AWS) announced the launch of its own quantum computing service called Amazon Bracket. This offering gives customers access to various vendors’ hardware as well as tools and resources for developing and testing quantum algorithms.

Key Market Segments

Type

  • Hardware
  • Software
  • Services

Application

  • Defense
  • Healthcare & pharmaceuticals
  • Chemicals
  • Banking & Finance
  • Energy & power

Key Market Players

  • D-Wave Systems
  • Google
  • IBM
  • Intel
  • Microsoft
  • 1QB Information Technologies
  • Anyon Systems
  • Cambridge Quantum Computing
  • ID Quantique
  • IonQ
  • QbitLogic
  • QC Ware
  • Quantum Circuits
  • Qubitekk
  • QxBranch
  • Rigetti Computing

Nature Insights

  • Progress is being made in the development of quantum computing hardware: Despite the challenges facing large-scale quantum computing systems, progress is being made on quantum computing hardware. This includes creating quantum processors with increasingly more qubits and creating new materials suitable for use in quantum computers.
  • Quantum computing software is still in its early stages: While progress is being made with quantum computing hardware, software development for quantum computation remains at a standstill. This presents an immense challenge to the industry as developing efficient quantum algorithms is essential to realizing its full potential.
  • Collaboration is essential to the advancement of quantum computing: Collaboration between companies, academic institutions, and research organizations is essential for progress in this industry. This includes joint efforts to develop new hardware and software systems as well as collaborations that promote quantum computing across various industries.

Report Scope

Report Attribute Details
The market size value in 2022 USD 10.13 Bn
Revenue forecast by 2032 USD 234.6 Bn
Growth Rate CAGR Of 36.89%
Regions Covered North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa, and the Rest of the World
Historical Years 2017-2022
Base Year 2022
Estimated Year 2023
Short-Term Projection Year 2028
Long-Term Projected Year 2032

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FAQ.

What is quantum computing?

Quantum computing is a type of processing data using quantum mechanics. It relies on principles such as superposition, entanglement, and interference which enable quantum computers to perform calculations that would be impossible with classical computers.

What are some potential applications of quantum computing?

Quantum computing holds great promise for revolutionizing industries such as drug discovery, finance, energy, and logistics. Potential uses include creating new drugs and materials, optimizing supply chains and logistics networks, and even improving weather forecasting models with greater precision.

What are some of the challenges facing the quantum computing market?

The quantum computing market faces numerous obstacles, such as technical difficulties in building and running large-scale quantum computers, high costs associated with quantum computing hardware, a scarcity of highly qualified quantum experts, and an absence of practical applications developed and deployed.

Who are some of the major players in the quantum computing market?

Major companies operating within this space include IBM, Google, Microsoft, Honeywell, Intel, and Rigetti Computing. These firms are actively developing and commercializing quantum computing hardware and software systems.

What is the outlook for the quantum computing market?

Overall, analysts anticipate a bright future for quantum computing, with continued investment and innovation anticipated in the coming years. Though still in its early stages of development, its potential advantages are immense - leading to rapid industry growth over the coming years.

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What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

Quantum computing can solve complex problems faster and create unbreakable ciphers.

Title:

Content: Quantum superiority.
How are the latest supercomputers and what does Schrödinger ’ s cat have to do with it?
Why quantum computers perform better than classical computers, how complex problems they are able to solve and when we will use their services.
It all began back in 1900, when the German theoretical physicist Max Planck made the assumption: energy is absorbed not continuously, but in parts.
These parts he called quanta (from the Latin quantum - "how many").
And then it happened: his hypothesis became the basis for the discoveries made by Einstein, Bohr, Rutherford, Schrödinger and other physicists, some of whom received Nobel prizes.
It may be hard to believe, but the incomprehensible and inexplicable quantum physics has found practical application.
Every time you pick up a flash drive or CD, think about it.
But flash drives and disks did not satisfy the researchers, so they decided to "cross" quantum physics and computer computing.
The result is a mysterious device with many tubes, prisms, mirrors, lasers, but without a monitor – a quantum computer.
As practice has recently shown, a quantum processor (the “brain ” of a computer) is able to cope with a task in an hour, which would take eight years for a supercomputer the size of a hangar.
Such results were achieved by scientists from the Chinese University of Science and Technology in Shanghai.
The prospects for these devices are the most bright: engineers dream that in a matter of minutes quantum PCs will be able to create the most perfect cipher and permanently stop hacker attacks, accelerate the development of artificial intelligence systems, conduct calculations for pharmacists who will help in the creation of effective and safe drugs.
But that's a long way off.
At this stage, scientists are fighting to prove to the world that quantum computers are capable of surpassing classical analogues.
How a quantum computer is made
All computing equipment, including PCs, operates on the basis of a binary system consisting of 0 and 1 (they are commonly called bits).
The use of these two symbols made it easier and cheaper to manufacture chips - the "brains" of a computer.
When a computational process occurs, the microswitches that the chip is equipped with either conduct current or do not.
That is, they constantly switch from 0 to 1 and back.
Thus, they can be in one of the states - "on" or "off", 0 or 1.
The operation of the quantum chip is based on a different system consisting not only of 0 and 1, but also of intermediate values and their combinations, so that the switches of the chip occupy a position between 0 and 1 or can be in the position of 0 and 1 at the same time.
Here it is worth remembering Schrödinger ’ s cat, which, according to the terms of the thought experiment, can be both alive and dead at the same time.
The same thing happens with quantum bits (qubits).
So what's the point?
It turns out that while the PC is thinking about specific answers, the quantum analogue is guessing at the qubit thickness?
A quantum computer does produce results in terms of probability, but its appeal is different.
Memory in qubits: without end and beginning
For computing, an important parameter is memory.
Classic devices are designed so that at some point their program works with some memory cell, which limits the capabilities of the device.
A quantum computer is able to simultaneously work with all memory cells, due to the "variability" of qubits described above.
Physicists argue that, theoretically, qubits can have an infinite amount of memory.
"In quantum computers, qubits are probably in a state of 0 or 1.
Probability is a number.
To write this number as accurately as possible, you need an infinite number of zeros and ones.
Therefore, in theory, 1 qubit is a physical system with an infinite amount of memory, ” explains physicist Anatoly Dymarsky in his report.
Who is not shocked by quantum theory, he did not understand it
Danish theoretical physicist and public figure
Niels Bohr
However, there is no method to make an accurate measurement and to make the proposed accurate record in practice.
Therefore, the amount of quantum memory is still limited, but still impressive.
The scientist gives an example.
So, the memory of your laptop is 15 qubits, a supercomputer has a memory equal to 40 qubits, but 60 qubits can fit all the memory of all the computing centers of the world combined.
It is in the colossal capacity of qubits that all the charm of quantum computing consists.
The third time: how to find the best solution
But back to the mathematical abilities of such a computer.
At first glance, it seems useless in terms of calculations: while a supercomputer gives a clear and specific answer, the quantum analogue is scattered with a lot of options.
Who can do this to?
Believe me, many.
So, being in the position of Schrödinger's cat, the quantum system calculates all possible solutions to problems, looks for the most optimal of them and offers the best as the most suitable.
By getting a pool of correct answers, we can check how correct they are.
If the answers were incorrect, it is worth doing the calculations again.
In the end, three restarts will be enough to get the perfect answer.
Quantum "entanglement": what are the disadvantages of the system
Oddly enough, the more memory a quantum computer has, the more difficult it is to work with it.
So in qubits, his strength and weakness are at the same time.
The fact is that with the increase in the number of quantum bits and, therefore, memory, the system becomes more complicated and it becomes more difficult to maintain in an isolated state, and this is a prerequisite, otherwise nothing will work.
The time parameter is also important: the longer you operate the system, the more unstable it becomes.
In an unstable state, the probability of its interaction with the environment increases, and if this happens, the cells of quantum memory will collapse and turn into noise.
It is for this reason that scientists limit the number of operations with qubits.
This poses a major challenge to the development of quantum computing.
But there are also moves.
University of Sydney student Pablo Bonilla Ataides seems to have found a way to reduce the sensitivity of qubits to the environment.
Most scientists dealing with this problem eliminate noise by cooling the device to extremely low temperatures.
But not in all cases the method is effective.
Ataides proposes to correct errors by switching the states of qubits so that their position during interference is the most optimal.
Who Has Achieved Quantum Superiority
Not so long ago, IBM engineers said that they managed to experimentally prove that quantum computers are more efficient than classical ones.
In their work, the scientists investigated "computations in a confined space", allowing to demonstrate the fundamental advantage of calculations with qubits over classical bits.
Researchers have mathematically proved that there are problems that a classical computer cannot calculate, since it is limited to only one and zero, but a quantum computer can cope with them.
On the theory, scientists did not stop and conducted an experiment, with the participation of an imperfect ("noisy") quantum computer and a classical one.
To solve the problem, an ordinary computer used an electrical circuit with one logic element with two inputs and one register (bit) to store intermediate results.
The quantum circuit was built on four qubits, three of which encoded the incoming signal, and the fourth stored the intermediate result.
Important
Magical graphene: scientists have brought quantum electronics to a new level
Each of the systems received data, processed and gave the result.
A normal computer would get zeros and ones.
If there were more zeros than ones, he should have given the answer "0".
If there were more units, the correct answer was "1".
As a result, the classical computer gave the correct result in 87.5% of cases, while the quantum analogue succeeded in 93% of cases.
The test shows that quantum computers, even noisy ones, are more powerful computing tools.
Where and how we can apply quantum computing
The scope of No1 is cryptography.
A quantum computer will be able to design a communication system that is not afraid of hacking or listening.
The fact is that quantum cryptography is not based on the rules of mathematics, but on the rules of physics.
This means that information is transferred through communication channels not in the form of a digital code, but with the help of quantum mechanics objects with physical means.
Such objects can be electrons in an electric current or photons in fiber-optic communication lines.
If someone wants to listen to your conversation, which you are conducting with the help of a quantum smartphone, you will immediately know about it.
The system will record third-party noises indicating that a third party is destroying the original signals in an attempt to wedge in.
Quantum computing will be used in pharmacy, logistics, energy and the design of artificial intelligence systems
Quantum computing will also be used in bioengineering, for example, to model DNA molecules.
They can also be useful to pharmacologists in the development of drugs, because when calculating proteins are considered as microscopic quantum objects.
They, like qubits, accept a variety of states, and therefore a quantum computer can most accurately simulate their behavior.
Qubits will also help to understand how atoms of certain substances interact, and to model a new material.
Perhaps scientists will be able to easily and simply come up with a “new graphene ”.
Important
Proven in practice: quantum computers have finally surpassed classical PCs
Machine learning algorithms, on which any AI system is based, require remarkable computing power, which a quantum computing device can best cope with.
Such industries, where you need to simultaneously solve many problems, also require the effectiveness of quantum computing.
These include transport systems, logistics, energy.
Finally, with the advent of more and more devices, the era of the quantum Internet will come, a prototype of which is already being developed in the Netherlands.

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely complex calculations
extremely fast calculations

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Quantum computing can accelerate AI development, simulate protein behavior, and optimize logistics and energy systems.

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely complex calculations
extremely fast calculations

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Adopting quantum computing technologies is challenging due to high costs, limited expertise, and technical difficulties.

Billions have been invested in quantum computing over the last decade, which, combined with AI, can solve industry challenges.

How large are global investments in quantum computing?

What fields can quantum computers advance?

IBM plans to deliver a 4,000-plus qubit machine by 2025.

Title:

Content: We are excited to bring Transform 2022 back in-person July 19 and virtually July 20 - 28. Join AI and data leaders for insightful talks and exciting networking opportunities. Register today!

IBM today updated its existing quantum computing roadmap, foreseeing a 4,000-plus qubit machine by 2025. Included in its plan is orchestration for more potent combinations of classical and quantum resources.

Such combinations, which comprise what may be called “quantum-centric supercomputing,” will place the new quantum crew more firmly in the world of high-performance computing, where technologists tackle some of humankind’s most pressing challenges.

IBM said it expects to deliver in 2023 software tooling that allows developers to run jobs that help them tap into both quantum and classical computing resources. IBM said it sees no letup in the steady advance of quantum scaling.

The company uses the term “Serverless Quantum” to describe an architecture that deploys infrastructure that assigns work to processors of either the classical or quantum variety.

“Serverless Quantum is part of getting the world ready for quantum-centric supercomputing,” according to Jerry Chow, IBM fellow and director of quantum infrastructure. He likened the effect to today’s elastic computing methods, “in the sense that you have computing resources on demand.”

Speaking with VentureBeat, Chow said the idea is that parts of problems can be handled by either classical CPUs, GPUs or non-classical QPUs, or quantum processing units. This is enabled by a common service layer that efficiently orchestrates, or arranges, workload assignments.

Better hardware and software methods for interchip communications is also important in this quantum quest, Chow indicated as he discussed future plans for quantum “circuit knitting.”

“That’s where you can take larger problems,” he said, “and find ways to break them down into small-order quantum circuits, and knit or take all the results and put them back together.”

The problems imagined are manifold, and some appear especially pressing.

Simulating nature with quantum systems, for example, is seen as a path to efficiencies that could drive substantial environmental, social and governance improvements.

Also, world governments are now seen in a race to succeed in quantum computing, as quantum systems could crack long standing cryptographic coding practices. Viewers suggest adversary governments are gathering encrypted data now, to process when quantum breakthroughs occur.

Sticking to their circuit knitting

IBM has indicated Serverless Quantum capabilities in its Qiskit Runtime software, including circuit knitting, will support distribution of parallelizable work in 2023. As well, improvements in error mitigation and suppression are expected to improve quality of quantum results, the company said. These are due for Qisket as part of the roadmap in 2024 and 2025.

The bird is the word when it comes to code names for IBM quantum processors. Last year, IBM released a 127-qubit Eagle processor to be followed this year by Osprey, a 433-qubit unit. An increasingly powerful flock of IBM qubit processors will follow. IBM’s roadmap anticipates: a 133-qubit Heron processor to appear in 2023; a 462-qubit Flamingo processor in 2024; and the 4,158-qubit Kookaburra device in 2025.

While Heron’s qubit count may look like a step back, it’s important to IBM’s overall plans to knit clusters of qubit processors together. That is vital to IBM’s assertions of continued scalability.

“What’s exciting about Heron is that it is defined in such a way that they’re going to be classically controllable [via] the same control hardware infrastructure. So what that means is effectively, we’re going to have quantum computing with classical communication and classical parallelization,” said Chow, who is expected to further detail IBM’s  quantum roadmap this week at the Inside Quantum Technology Conference 2022 in San Diego, Calif.

Quantum timelines

Timelines for quantum computing have been closely watched since qubits first emerged from the lab as part of physics experiments. A common joke holds that today, just as at the turn of the century, “quantum computing is five to ten years away.”

But IBM’s timelines for quantum computing have usually been realistic, according to Brian Hopkins, analyst, Forrester Research.

“IBM has the most detailed roadmap of any of the full stack quantum computing vendors I cover,” he told VentureBeat via email. “Furthermore, they are establishing credibility with the market by completing roadmap milestones per their plan.”

That gives Forrester’s Hopkins confidence in IBM’s 4,000-plus qubit projections, although he emphasizes that IBM is still refraining from any meaningful prediction on when its computers and software will be able to demonstrate advantage – in the form of a positive ROI — for any problem domain.

Hopkins goes on to say this is valuable, in that the company will have greater credibility when it does prove such an advantage.

“Even when we hit advantage for one problem area, it will still be many years before quantum computers are scalable and powerful enough to be applicable to the many areas where we see potential,” he said.

We love qubits – but….

Skepticism of quantum computing timelines is not likely to abate, but elements of IBM’s new timeline suggest the technology may be moving forward faster than some skeptics thought.

While “qubit counts” will get the headlines here and elsewhere, the technology advances that surround qubit research bear closer watching, as do hybrids that match classical and quantum computing to different parts of problems.

“We love qubits – but the exact number is not as important as [the fact] that we have defined the path for the technology to keep scaling,” said Chow.

VentureBeat's mission is to be a digital town square for technical decision-makers to gain knowledge about transformative enterprise technology and transact. Learn more about membership.

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What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

NVIDIA has unveiled CUDA-Q, integrating quantum computers with supercomputers for hybrid applications.

Title:

Content: Soft News 13.05.2024 at 13: 27
NVIDIA unveils CUDA-Q platform for integrating quantum computers with the company ’ s supercomputers
https: / / itc.ua / wp-content / uploads / 2023 / 11 / photo _ 2023-11-12 _ 18-48-05-3-96x96.jpg * * * https: / / itc.ua / wp-content / uploads / 2023 / 11 / photo _ 2023-11-12 _ 18-48-05-3-96x96.jpg * *: / / itc.ua / wp-content / uploads / 2023 / 11 / photo _ 2023-11-12 _ 18-48-05-3-96x96.jpg
Andrey Rusanov
Author of the site
The Technology section is published with the support of Favbet Tech
NVIDIA announced the creation of a platform for quantum computing CUDA-Q, which will work in national supercomputer centers around the world.
Supercomputers in Germany, Japan and Poland will use the Quantum Processing Units (QPU) platform in their high-performance computing systems.
We are talking about software support for the work of existing quantum computers with NVIDIA accelerators.
The company said that nine new supercomputers around the world will use NVIDIA Grace Hopper superchips to accelerate scientific research and discoveries.
Collectively, the systems provide 200 exaflops of energy-efficient AI computing power.
"Useful quantum computing will be made possible by the close integration of quantum supercomputers with GPUs.
NVIDIA ’ s quantum computing platform gives pioneers such as AIST, JSC and PSNC the opportunity to push the boundaries of scientific discovery and advance modern quantum integrated supercomputer technologies, ” said Tim Costa, director of quantum technology and HPC at NVIDIA.
The new platform will allow the use of quantum computers for research in artificial intelligence, energy, biology, chemistry and other industries.
NVIDIA has provided examples of real-world scientific projects that will use the new technology.
CUDA-Q is a quantum-classical accelerated open-source supercomputer platform that does not depend on specific QPUs.
NVIDIA will combine the capabilities of classical and quantum computers with a set of tools cuQuantum
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What are important areas in quantum research?

Taiwan is developing quantum technology, focusing on software talents for quantum computing.

Title:

Content: Liu Yangwei, chairman of Honghai (2317), pointed out that if semiconductor technology is the automotive industry, quantum technology is like the aircraft industry, and will do cars does not mean that it will definitely do airplanes, so Taiwan's development of quantum technology must screen out the myth of semiconductor advantages.
In addition to continuing to promote software and hardware technology, and international integration and exchanges are also very important, and we call on industry, government and academic circles to join together to make more contributions.
Speaking at the "Annual Conference on Quantum Computing and Information Technology and TAQCIT" on the 25th, Liu Yangwei said that Taiwan has some myths about quantum technology and believes that due to its advantages in semiconductor manufacturing, it will definitely lead the way.
But in fact, it is not so simple. The core of quantum computing is quantum superposition and entanglement, which can not be achieved by relying on advanced semiconductor processes alone.
Liu Yangwei reminded that Taiwan cannot follow the past mentality and thinking to face the rise of quantum technology, and must find a clear development direction and goal to catch up.
He pointed out that if we think of semiconductors as the automotive industry and quantum as the aircraft industry, this relationship is clear.
An airplane will not replace a car, but being able to do a car does not necessarily mean being able to do an airplane.
Liu Yangwei believes that in the future, the entire computing system will be a mixture of quantum and classical computing systems, just like the current transportation system is a diverse system composed of cars, ships and airplanes.
Semiconductor technology does not automatically extend to quantum technology, just as a car running on the road does not automatically become an airplane.
Liu Yangwei said that the core of quantum computers is based on hardware and quantum bit chips.
Taiwan is good at chip manufacturing, packaging, peripheral materials and control bits. It should first be based on the advanced process of semiconductors to develop high-end components of quantum computers, cutting in from the perspective of design and peripheral systems, rather than thinking of it as an advantage.
At the same time, Taiwan needs to cultivate software talents, focus on the error correction and programming language of quantum bits, and master the overall technology of quantum computers. Liu believes that the development of quantum technology in Taiwan is not only a continuous advancement of software and hardware technology, but also a very important part of international integration and communication.
Liu hopes that the government can organize project research teams from a macro perspective of industry, government, and academia to exchange and learn from foreign research institutions, introduce relevant research equipment and machines, and help local research teams develop relevant applications, and continue to expand the regulatory flexibility of talent introduction.
Liu Yangwei pointed out that since the establishment of the Institute of Quantum Computing of Honghai Research Institute in 2020, there are currently 14 members, a total of 19 papers have been published, and quantum research talents have been discovered through the holding of the “Honghai Science and Technology Award ”, which has awarded more than 9 million yuan in scholarships as of this year.
In addition to discovering talents, Honghai Education Foundation has also cooperated with Professor Zhang Qingrui to organize a summer high school quantum computing learning camp and teacher training camp, which has so far been attended by more than 1200 teachers and students.
Quantum comics and high school quantum textbooks will be launched at the end of this year, allowing quantum education to take root and accumulate Taiwan ’ s quantum talent pool.
# Liu Yangwei # Taiwan # Quantum Technology # Aircraft # Semiconductor

What are important areas in quantum research?

Quantum computing development is expected to scale significantly over the next 10 years.

Title:

Content: Quantum computers have great potential for transportation finance
R & D accelerated in 10 years is expected to scale development
Executive Edition 2021 / 08 / 19
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Quantum computing is regarded as a breakthrough technology in computer technology in the future. According to people in the technology industry, quantum computing is still in its early stage, but the scientific and technological community, enterprises and academia have also actively studied what fields it can be used in, including transportation and logistics management, medical research, and manufacturing.
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Quantum computing can aid in materials and drug development, performing calculations in minutes that normally take hundreds of millions of years.

Title:

Content: Japan ’ s Fujitsu Corporation, together with the Institute of Physical and Chemical Sciences, is expected to start making quantum computers available to enterprises in 2023 (April 2023-March 2024) in order to promote the practical use of quantum computers.
The ground-breaking product is expected to be used in financial market forecasting, new materials and drug development, an achievement that will solidify Japan ’ s position as the world ’ s No. 3 in quantum computing and lead to new technologies for Japan ’ s economic industry and defense security.
According to the Nikkei Chinese website, Fujitsu has been developing quantum computers since April 2021 when it set up a cooperation center with the Institute of Physical and Chemical Sciences in Saitama Prefecture and Hikari City, with about 20 researchers participating.
It is planned that the machine will be manufactured, disclosed to enterprises and used for technical research by 2023.
This will be the first time that a domestic company will launch a general-purpose quantum computer that can complete a wide range of calculations, or become a catalyst for a new generation of technologies that affect industrial competitiveness and defense security.
The report pointed out that compared to supercomputers, quantum computers are extremely fast in computing, and have the potential to bring technological innovation to the development of materials and other aspects, affecting the competitiveness of various industries including chemistry, pharmaceuticals, automotive and finance.
Since April this year, Fujitsu and Fujitsu have started joint research on material design in cooperation with Fujitsu Film Co., Ltd., and will increase partners in the future to accumulate knowledge for future applications.
Compared with overseas companies, in Japan, IBM set up a self-developed quantum computer in Kawasaki in 2021, and the development speed is relatively slow.
Fujitsu gained technology and experience from the Institute of Physics and Chemistry as the first real opportunity for a Japanese company.
Like Google and IBM, quantum computing will be performed using “superconducting ” circuits that are cooled at extremely low temperatures to eliminate resistance.
The report said that the manufacturing of quantum computers has been dominated by American technology companies.
Google achieved what it calls “quantum transcendence ” in 2019, and it can solve the 10,000 year problem of a supercomputer in about three minutes.
In recent years, China's technology has also been improving, and emerging companies have also clearly risen.
Japan currently ranks third in the world in patent distribution in the field of quantum computers, behind only the United States and China.
The report pointed out that the computer developed by Fujitsu in 2023 reached 64 qubits, more than the 53 qubits that Google achieved when it achieved quantum transcendence.
This is second only to the 127 qubits developed by IBM in 2021, which are also considered to achieve highly competitive performance in the world.
Fujitsu is expected to achieve more than 1,000 qubits after 2026.
Quantum computers have the potential to perform supercomputer calculations in minutes and hours that take hundreds of millions of years.
The Boston Consulting Group predicts that economic benefits of up to $850 billion will be realized around 2040 through the development of new materials and more.
Article source: Fujitsu will realize the practical use of Japanese quantum computers
# Quantum # Bit # Computers # Fujitsu # Supercomputers

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely complex calculations
extremely fast calculations

What fields can quantum computers advance?

The US held a quantum technology conference with tech giants like Amazon, Google, and Microsoft.

Title:

Content: City News
05 / 10 / 2021 15: 36
[International News] The White House held a quantum technology conference, and the US technology giants participated
The White House will hold a quantum technology conference on Tuesday to try to curb hackers.
Threatening and elevating America ’ s position in the technology sector.
Tech giants such as Amazon, Google and Microsoft will participate.
Hosted by the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), the conference will discuss the application space for quantum computing, including medical care.
, finance, artificial intelligence, climate prediction, etc., the technology will be millions of times faster than today ’ s most advanced supercomputers.
In addition, companies such as Boeing and IBM are also expected to participate.
The Biden administration is particularly concerned about the national security implications of quantum technology, which makes it easy to crack current encryption standards.
And the United States faces fierce competition from China in related technology fields. (JF)
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What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

Finland has commissioned its first quantum computer to boost its competitiveness in quantum technology.

Title:

Content: Finland has big plans for quantum computing applications

The QuTI project will develop new components, manufacturing and testing solutions, and algorithms for the needs of quantum computing applications.
25 January 2022

Quantum computing applications are expected to be adopted by more industries this year as organizations around the world begin testing the use cases for the technology. While organizations are the ones most looking forward to making the most of the technology, a few governments are also hoping quantum computing applications can improve their services.

In Finland, their first-ever quantum computer was commissioned at a research center near the capital. Scientists are expected to use it to study next-generation computing power. The 5 quantum-bit computers were developed to learn how to build a quantum computer, how to program one, and how to operate one in the future.

The state-owned VTT Technical Research Center (VTT) plays a crucial role in ensuring researchers learn in a range of scientific domains and making quantum computing applications ready for the industry. According to a report by Computer Weekly, the Finnish government believes that the best way to be ready for the quantum computing industry is to build a working quantum computer.

Computer Weekly also highlights five areas for quantum computing applications. They are in drug and materials discovery, supply chain and logistics, financial services, artificial intelligence, and cloud security.

For drug and materials discovery, Computer Weekly reports that a separate team in VTT which is the quantum algorithm team is developing algorithms to be used on the quantum computer. They are looking at two broad types of quantum computing applications. The first is to solve complex optimization problems that exist in many industries. This includes energy distribution, process control, and fleet management. The second is to predict the structures and properties of molecular formations more accurately and effectively. This will help accelerate drug discovery and the development of new materials.

While other countries are also developing quantum computer ecosystems, with the majority focusing on topics and platforms. Tech vendors like IBM and Google, who are also developing quantum use cases are not government-linked or owned and are mostly testing industry use cases.

Compared to the rest of the world, Finnish researchers focus almost exclusively on the superconducting qubit approach, which they have been using for years and know very well. In fact, a new research project has just been launched to accelerate the progress of Finnish quantum technology.

The QuTI project, coordinated by VTT, will develop new components, manufacturing and testing solutions, and algorithms for the needs of quantum technology. The QuTI consortium, partly financed by Business Finland, consists of 12 partners and has a total budget of around EUR 10 million.

For Professor Mika Prunnila, QuTI project’s coordinator, from VT, “Quantum technology is a multidisciplinary and rapidly advancing field. The QuTI consortium provides an ideal starting point for strengthening the international competitiveness of Finnish technology and industry in this fast-growing field.”

The quantum computing, communication and sensing devices to be developed in the QuTI project are largely based on expertise in microsystems, photonics, electronics, and cryogenics. The project develops customized software and algorithms hand in hand with the hardware, strengthening the Finnish quantum computing infrastructure. In addition, new tools will be created for quantum technology product development that will serve the needs of the QuTI project as well as the entire field of quantum technology.

As China and the US continue to battle each other for quantum computing supremacy, Finland is definitely building their presence in the industry as well. With the government supporting quantum computing initiatives, Finland might just have a quantum computing ecosystem on the horizon.

What are important areas in quantum research?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

Europe is preparing to lead quantum computing development, focusing on combining AI and quantum computing.

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

What fields can quantum computers advance?

81% of UK senior executives expect quantum computing to play a significant role by 2030.

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Content: View all newsletters
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  1. Analysis
September 23, 2022

Is the finance sector quantum ready?

By

It is an important year for quantum computing, according to GlobalData’s Technology, Media and Telecoms Predictions 2022. In addition to the high levels of hype generated around this disruptive technology, significant technical advances have seen companies starting to invest in exploring its potential benefits.

The global quantum computing market size is set to reach $1.77bn by 2026, up from $472m in 2021, at a compound annual growth rate of 30.2%, according to Markets and Markets. Pioneering adoption of quantum computing by financial services companies is expected to drive this growth.

Is the financial services industry prepared for quantum?

What does a quantum advantage over classical computing mean for financial services? Increasing the speed and volume of calculations and transactions by multiples represents the biggest change for a post-quantum financial services sector – and the key to identifying the potential benefits of specific use cases is exploration. Early iterations of quantum computing-as-a-service are under way with Big Tech companies Microsoft, Amazon, IBM and Google offering clients a cloud service for experimenting with quantum simulators (essentially classical computers mimicking quantum computers in the cloud to see what they can do).

This collaborative approach between businesses and tech companies addresses two problems in tandem: first, it allows businesses to familiarise themselves with the emerging technology despite quantum supremacy being some years away; second, it tackles the biggest business challenge, which is identifying the most effective use cases for financial services.

US tech giant IBM’s quantum accelerator programme was set up with exactly that in mind: to allow businesses themselves to find effective quantum computing use cases. Many of IBM’s financial services clients in the accelerator programme have initial concerns about the effect quantum computing will have on cryptography, according to Prakash Pattni, managing director for financial services – digital transformation at IBM.

“It took a few years for banks to work out where blockchain fits in with cryptography, for example, and we are now at a stage where blockchain is really taking off,” he says.

Pattni likens quantum computing as being at that same early stage of experimentation as blockchain was. Financial services companies are perhaps even more acutely aware of the potential impact of quantum computing on data security because the nature of banking regulation means data has to be stored and kept safe for many years, adds Pattni.

While cybersecurity remains a clear concern for clients, specific use cases are still being worked out. Again, experimentation is key, according to Pattni, who says: “I think we’ are still at that very early stage in terms of experimentation where quantum is concerned.” According to Gartner, 40% of large companies are planning to create initiatives around quantum computing by 2025, but even with accelerator programmes and research and development budgets, very specific use cases are still proving hard to identify.

Financial services, particularly those which work across multiple markets, stand to benefit greatly from efficiencies enabled by quantum computing given that it enables the modelling of multiple permutations of different scenarios or values to solve the most efficient outcomes in a fraction of the time it would take classical computing.

Pattni believes this could be particularly useful in the cross-border fraud detection space, saying: “Real-time payments mean the window to look at fraud needs to be in real time too.” As AI is increasingly integrated into banking systems, the interface between AI and quantum computing is also a testing ground. Pattni says risk calculation is an area that investment banks are looking at.

“It requires incredibly high levels of compute power to run multiple risk scenarios that regulators don’t like, so that is another area where quantum computing could be applied, but it is still really early days of experimenting with applications,” he adds.

Finance’s first movers in quantum computing adoption

EY’s 2022 Quantum Readiness survey, produced in collaboration with the UK’s National Quantum Computing Centre, found that 81% of senior UK executives expect quantum computing to play a significant role in their industry by 2030. Despite this, most companies are taking a ‘watch and see’ approach. However, there are those in the finance sector taking a pioneering approach by testing the technology and ramping up investment in a calculated bet that quantum computing will, in fact, live up to its hype.

US investment bank Goldman Sachs is actively researching how quantum computing can be applied to the pricing of complex derivatives. Computing a price within a complicated contract or statistical model can be an expensive process. Derivatives are so common in finance that even a small improvement in pricing them, or in calculating related quantities, could be very valuable, according to William Zeng, head of quantum research for Goldman Sachs, who made the claim in September 2022 for Microsoft Azure’s quantum blog.

In March 2022, Spain’s CaixaBank’s life insurance and pensions company, VidaCaixa, announced that it is using Canadian quantum computing company D-Wave’s cloud service to build a quantum computing application for its investment portfolio selection and allocation activities, as well as its portfolio hedging.

According to CaixaBank, this is the first time a financial services company has applied quantum computing in investment hedging in the insurance sector. What normally took the bank several hours of computing time was reduced to just minutes, representing up to a 90% decrease. This time reduction facilitates increased modelling complexity, which is better adapted to real-time markets, optimises invested capital while maintaining constant risk levels and improves the hedging decision-making process. The Spanish banking group is evaluating whether to use the application in other areas of its operations over the coming months.

In March 2022, HSBC announced it will join the IBM Quantum Accelerator programme to progress potential quantum use cases in pricing and portfolio optimisation to advance its net-zero goals and to mitigate risks, including identifying and addressing fraudulent activity. The collaboration will also include knowledge transfer through internal training programmes, as well as actively recruiting quantum computing research scientists to build a dedicated capability within its innovation team.

Elsewhere, Standard Chartered has embarked upon research into quantum computers as part of an academic partnership with the Universities Space Research Association. The partnership is already actively developing what is known as the Quantum Computing System for Financial Services, and the bank will use it to address the security challenges posed by a super-powerful quantum computer.

Post-quantum security a pressing matter

Both IBM and Google have road maps to create quantum computers capable of defeating current encryption by 2030, according to GlobalData. Despite the cybersecurity industry developing quantum-resistant encryption before that time, future quantum computers could decrypt data harvested today. As a result, GlobalData expects companies to implement quantum security solutions in 2022, particularly as cybersecurity has become front of mind for business leaders.

Over the past 12 months, interest in quantum security has grown considerably in the financial services sector, according to Duncan Jones, head of cybersecurity at quantum computing company Quantinuum. “This is partly driven by the stream of announcements from the US government highlighting the urgent need to combat the quantum threat alongside the business opportunities,” he says.

In addition, as more quantum-enabled business use cases emerge, so too do the cybersecurity concerns. Jones and his team at Quantinuum are working on ways to remedy this. Quantinuum’s partnership with cybersecurity software company PureVPN uses Quantinuum’s cyber platform, Quantum Origin, to create and deploy encryption keys generated using a verifiable quantum process, which are more secure than keys from unverified, classical computing processes.

Every technology advance creates a commensurate cybersecurity challenge and quantum-proofing financial services companies will continue to be a concern alongside the business growth opportunities, according to Jones. “Financial services companies are realising there is a new quantum baseline for security and are factoring this into their cyber planning,” he adds.

In July 2022, it became public knowledge that US investment bank JPMorgan Chase had hired assistant professor Dr Charles Lim – a world-renowned expert in next-generation, quantum-resistant communication networks at the National University of Singapore – to lead the bank’s quantum communications and cryptography. The move not only demonstrates how quantum computing has become a business concern but also highlighted a global race for talent in the field, serving as a warning to other financial services companies that they may want to ramp up their search for quantum computing talent. Historically, financial services has attracted the brightest and the best with attractive compensation, but the sector is now competing with commensurate employee offerings by Big Tech. A battleground for quantum computing talent is set to continue.

Credit rating financial services company Moody's Analytics announced in September 2022 that it is establishing the Moody's Analytics Quantum Computing Team, which is perhaps a sign that quantum computing has become part of the financial services establishment. Early adoption of this technology may seem like a choice in 2022, but it may prove vital in future-proofing financial services companies against the changes that it will bring to the sector. As with any emerging technology there are first movers and those that follow the trend – it is still too soon to tell which approach will reap the most benefits.

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Goldman Sachs, CaixaBank, and HSBC are researching quantum computing for applications like derivatives pricing and portfolio selection.

What fields can quantum computers advance?

ExxonMobil and Mitsubishi Chemical are utilizing quantum technology for fuel transportation and battery research, respectively.

Oxford University is researching quantum computing for various sectors, including healthcare, finance, and education.

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Quantum computing technologies can increase calculation speed and volume, improve logistical and data analysis, and enhance security solutions.

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely complex calculations
extremely fast calculations

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Challenges exist, including technical difficulties, limited expert access, and potential encryption vulnerabilities.

Title:

Content: How big does your quantum computer need to be?

Quantum computers are expected to be disruptive and potentially impact many industry sectors. So researchers in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands decided to explore two very different quantum problems: breaking the encryption of Bitcoin (a digital currency) and simulating the molecule responsible for biological nitrogen fixation.

In AVS Quantum Science, from AIP Publishing, the researchers describe a tool they created to determine how big a quantum computer needs to be to solve problems like these and how long it will take.

“The majority of existing work within this realm focuses on a particular hardware platform, superconducting devices, like those IBM and Google are working toward,” said Mark Webber, of the University of Sussex. “Different hardware platforms will vary greatly on key hardware specifications, such as the rate of operations and the quality of control on the qubits (quantum bits).”

Many of the most promising quantum advantage use cases will require an error-corrected quantum computer. Error correction enables running longer algorithms by compensating for inherent errors inside the quantum computer, but it comes at the cost of more physical qubits.

Pulling nitrogen out of the air to make ammonia for fertilizers is extremely energy-intensive, and improvements to the process could impact both world food scarcity and the climate crisis. Simulation of relevant molecules is currently beyond the abilities of even the world’s fastest supercomputers but should be within the reach of next-gen quantum computers.

“Our tool automates the calculation of the error-correction overhead as a function of key hardware specifications,” Webber said. “To make the quantum algorithm run faster, we can perform more operations in parallel by adding more physical qubits. We introduce extra qubits as needed to reach the desired runtime, which is critically dependent on the rate of operations at the physical hardware level.”

Most quantum computing hardware platforms are limited, because only qubits right next to each other can interact directly. In other platforms, such as some trapped ion designs, the qubits are not in fixed positions and can instead be physically moved around — meaning each qubit can interact directly with a wide set of other qubits.

“We explored how to best take advantage of this ability to connect distant qubits, with the aim of solving problems in less time with fewer qubits,” said Webber. “We must continue to tailor the error-correction strategies to exploit the strengths of the underlying hardware, which may allow us to solve highly impactful problems with a smaller-size quantum computer than had previously been assumed.”

Quantum computers are exponentially more powerful at breaking many encryption techniques than classical computers. The world uses RSA encryption for most of its secure communication. RSA encryption and the one Bitcoin uses (elliptic curve digital signature algorithm) will one day be vulnerable to a quantum computing attack, but today, even the largest supercomputer could never pose a serious threat.

The researchers estimated the size a quantum computer needs to be to break the encryption of the Bitcoin network within the small window of time it would actually pose a threat to do so — in between its announcement and integration into the blockchain. The greater the fee paid on the transaction, the shorter this window will be, but it likely ranges from minutes to hours.

“State-of-the-art quantum computers today only have 50-100 qubits,” said Webber. “Our estimated requirement of 30 [million] to 300 million physical qubits suggests Bitcoin should be considered safe from a quantum attack for now, but devices of this size are generally considered achievable, and future advancements may bring the requirements down further.

“The Bitcoin network could perform a ‘hard-fork’ onto a quantum-secure encryption technique, but this may result in network scaling issues due to an increased memory requirement.”

The researchers emphasize the rate of improvement of both quantum algorithms and error- correction protocols.

“Four years ago, we estimated a trapped ion device would need a billion physical qubits to break RSA encryption, requiring a device with an area of 100-by-100 square meters,” said Webber. “Now, with improvements across the board, this could see a dramatic reduction to an area of just 2.5-by-2.5 square meters.”

A large-scale error-corrected quantum computer should be able to solve important problems classical computers cannot.

“Simulating molecules has applications for energy efficiency, batteries, improved catalysts, new materials, and the development of new medicines,” said Webber. “Further applications exist across the board — including for finance, big data analysis, fluid flow for airplane designs, and logistical optimizations.” The article “The impact of hardware specifications on reaching quantum advantage in the fault tolerant regime” is authored by Mark Webber, Vincent Elfving, Sebastian Weidt, and Winifried K. Hensinger. It will appear in AVS Quantum Science on Jan. 25, 2022 (DOI: 10.1116/5.0073075). After that date, it can be accessed at https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1116/5.0073075.

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What are the potential threats of quantum computers?

threatening national security through breaking encryption

Quantum computing has potential applications in finance, healthcare, energy, and transportation, offering benefits like improved drug discovery and accelerated AI development.

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely complex calculations
extremely fast calculations

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Quantum computing is expected to significantly impact industries like finance, healthcare, and energy, prompting heavy investment from countries and companies.

What fields can quantum computers advance?

IBM, a leader in quantum systems, delivered a 1,000-qubit quantum chip in 2023.

What are important areas in quantum research?

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

Intel uses silicon spin qubits, while IonQ develops trapped ion quantum systems.

What are important areas in quantum research?

new types of qubits
implementations of quantum processors

Google and IBM announced quantum processors in 2018 and 2019, respectively, including IBM's 20-qubit "IBM Q System One".

Title:

Content: The difference between quantum computers and ordinary computers has been revealed for thousands of years!
A quantum computer in 200 seconds.
Journalist Xu Ming-sui / Comprehensive Report
Quantum technology is regarded as one of the technologies that can change the world, and it is a hot issue in the global technology industry, including Google and IBM in the United States.
China is the national power to invest, quantum computer patents account for 52.3% of the world's strongest.
What is a quantum computer? What is the difference between a quantum computer and a general computer? "NOWnews Today" organizes the key points of a quantum computer and takes the reader to master it.
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What is the difference between superconducting quantum computers and ordinary computers?
According to the "Science and Technology Grand View Park" of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Chang Ching-rui, director of the IBM Quantum Computer Center at Taiwan University, pointed out that traditional computers and superconducting quantum computers are two completely different forms of data processing.
Traditional computers process data in the form of bits, each of which switches between two states, labeled 0 and 1, while quantum computers use qubits, which can be stacked in linear combinations of 0 and 1.
In the superposition, Zhang said that if the position of the bit is marked by a sphere, the position of the south and north poles represents 0 and 1 respectively, the bits of a traditional computer can only be switched between the poles, but if the quantum bit is superimposed, it can be anywhere on the two-dimensional sphere, not limited to the north and south poles.
The current process of commercial operation of quantum computers in the world is IBM Quantum Computer 53-bit. Last year (2018) Google announced a 72-bit quantum processor, but it is not available for public use.
Zhang said that quantum computers need at least 500 bits to gradually show power and enter the stage of quantum advantage.
What kinds of computing methods do quantum computers have?
Do you have any conditions?
Whether it is an electron, ion or photon, as long as it can achieve the above superposition and entanglement state, it can be called a qubit. Therefore, the common quantum computing methods at present are quantum dots, trapped ions, superconducting loops, diamond vacancies and topological bits. (5 ways.
Both the mainstream "superconducting loop" and the promising "quantum dot" need to operate close to absolute zero (-273.15 ° C, the lowest temperature in thermodynamics), so that the average kinetic energy of each atom is kept very low, avoiding the destruction of other quantum states, but also because its operating environment is very different from daily life, the material characteristics will be completely different, and must be redeveloped.
In addition, the uncertainty and instability of the quantum make it difficult to observe, even if the aforementioned low temperature to avoid mutual interference, there will still be a certain error rate.
However, if the computing power of the quantum computer exceeds 50 qubits, the current computer technology cannot know the error, so it must rely on the quantum computer to check the calculation results.
How strong is the quantum computer?
What areas can it be used in?
In 2019, IBM launched the world's first 20-qubit commercial quantum computer "IBM Q System One", and IBM has also installed quantum computers in Germany and Japan.
In a 2019 paper published in the journal Nature, Google pointed out that their 53-qubit quantum computer Sycamore (Sycamore), which takes only 200 seconds to complete the computing task that the world ’ s best supercomputer would take 10,000 years to complete.
The focus of quantum computing at this stage is not to replace the bit computer, but to use its amazing computing speed to solve problems that supercomputers cannot solve, such as improving machine learning in areas such as disease discovery, chemistry, pharmaceuticals, finance, transportation, or weather observation.
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What are important areas in quantum research?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

What have been the landmark achievements in quantum computing?

IBM's world's first integrated quantum computing system, IBM Quantum System One

What seminal quantum computers/ processors have been developed?

Quantum computing development is crucial for fields like chemistry and disease discovery, and requires operation near absolute zero (-273.15 ° C).

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

Error correction is a significant challenge in quantum computing, but companies like IBM are developing solutions.

Title:

Content: Google, IBM and China have already achieved quantum supremacy. Now they face another challenge: the correction of errors

Quantum supremacy is no longer at the center of the debate. It was at the end of 2019 because it came to light that the Google team led by John Martinis had managed to achieve it using its Sycamore quantum processor, and no one had done it until that moment. The noise that this news caused when it broke was justified.

But a year later, in December 2020, the group of Chinese researchers led by Jian-Wei Pan published an article in Science showing that I had also reached using its Zuchongzhi superconducting processor. And a year later, in November 2021, IBM followed suit and announced that it had reached this milestone using its 127-qubit Eagle quantum processor.

At this point no one doubts that quantum computers have come a long way. And, furthermore, they have done it in a real record time if we bear in mind that the first solid theoretical proposals arrived in the mid-1990s. And they are already capable of solving a few problems (very few still). in much less time than the most advanced supercomputers we currently have.

In fact, this is what quantum supremacy consists of: in solving in a short period of time, a few minutes or a few hours, a problem in which a classical supercomputer would spend many years. Even several centuries. Or millennia. Right now it is not too important whether these problems have practical applications or not. Whether or not they are relevant. We are still establishing the foundations of quantum computing, and the important thing is to face the challenges that are around the corner.

In search of higher quality qubits

One of the biggest challenges facing researchers involved in the development of quantum computing is delaying the onset of quantum decoherence. This phenomenon occurs when the necessary conditions for a system that is in an entangled quantum state to be maintained disappear.

Perhaps a slightly simpler way of describing it is to see it as a system that stops behaving as dictated by the rules of quantum mechanics when certain conditions are met, beginning to behave from that moment on as dictated by the rules of classical physics. . When does quantum decoherence appear? quantum effects disappear. And, therefore, also the advantages that they bring in the context of quantum computing.

The time it takes for quantum decoherence to appear is closely linked to the quality of the qubits

This phenomenon is very important because it helps us understand why many macroscopic physical systems do not exhibit quantum effects. Or, what is the same, why in our daily environment we cannot observe the counterintuitive effects of quantum mechanics. In any case, what is really relevant is that as the the quality of the qubits of a quantum processor, the longer it takes for quantum decoherence to appear. And, for this reason, we have more time available to carry out operations with it.

The two qubit fabrication technologies that are currently giving us the best results are superconducting qubits, which benefit greatly from recent advances in silicon lithography, and ion traps. However, some research groups also have other very promising technologies on the table that are worth pursuing, such as neutral atoms or the ions implanted in macromolecules.

IBM already has a 127-qubit superconducting quantum processor, and by the end of 2023 it plans to have Condor ready, a promising quantum chip with no less than 1,121 qubits.

We already brush the correction of errors with the tips of our fingers

The other big challenge facing quantum computing right now is error correction. Quantum computers make errors when carrying out some operations, and when this happens, the results they return to us are not correct, of course. The problem is that implementing a quantum error correction protocol it’s not trivial. And furthermore, if they abound, it is essentially impossible to correct them and simultaneously prevent the quantum processor’s efficiency from sinking.

Fortunately, we have good news. As we told you a few days ago, three independent research groups have managed to perfect superconducting qubits that have an accuracy greater than 99%. This simply means that they make mistakes very infrequently, and the good news is that when they are so infrequent it is easier to correct them. Much easier.

When the incidence of errors is less than 1%, it is much easier for quantum fault-correction protocols to carry out their task

In fact, these research groups ensure that when the incidence of errors is less than 1% quantum fault-correction protocols find it much easier to do their job. At the moment they are working with only one or two qubits, and these quantum processors are too simple to solve significant problems, but if they manage to scale this technology to many more qubits, quantum computers could leave behind one of the biggest challenges they currently face. .

As we have just seen, quantum computing is advancing at a breakneck pace. The entry of private companies in this sector you are greatly accelerating your progress, but before we get carried away with enthusiasm, it is important that we keep in mind that there are other challenges that are also crucial to solve.

Two of the most substantial are the need to control qubits more precisely, and also the importance of implementing new quantum algorithms that they are able to help us tackle the problems that we cannot solve with the most powerful classical supercomputers that we have today. Still, the future for quantum computing is hopeful. And, above all, very promising.

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What are important areas in quantum research?

VTT and IQM plan to develop 20-qubit and 50-qubit systems to address scalability challenges in quantum computing.

What are important areas in quantum research?

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

Quantum computers require large-scale development and precise qubit control, which is critical but limited.

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Content: People 's Daily Online > > Economy and Technology
New Quantum Control Law Could Advance the Development of Quantum Computers
July 29, 2022 09: 07 | Source: Science and Technology Daily
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Previous: New Quantum Control Law Could Advance the Development of Quantum Computers
To the extent that quantum computers can meet their expected performance potential, large-scale quantum processors and memories need to be developed.
To do this, precise control of the qubits is critical, but the method of controlling the qubits has limitations for high-precision large-scale high-density wiring.
Researchers at Yokohama National University in Japan have found a way to precisely control qubits.
This advance is a step toward larger quantum computing.
The findings were published in the journal Nature Photonics on the 26th.
Scientists at Yokohama National University Graduate School of Engineering said: Microwaves are usually used for separate quantum control, but require separate wiring of microwave circuits.
In addition, it is possible to manipulate qubits locally, but not to use light precisely.
Using the nitrogen atom vacancy center in the diamond, the team demonstrated control of the qubit by manipulating the electron spin through a combination of microwave manipulation and local optical movement of atomic and molecular transition frequencies.
This process is known as the Stark shift.
In other words, they were able to combine laser-dependent optical methods with microwaves to overcome previous limitations.
The researchers demonstrated that this control of electron spin, in turn, controls the nuclear spin of nitrogen atoms at the nitrogen vacancy center, and the interaction between electrons and nuclear spins.
Simultaneous irradiation of light and microwaves can individually and precisely control qubits without individual wiring.
The team says this paves the way for the realization of large-scale quantum processors and memories, which are crucial for the development of large-scale quantum computers.
In addition, quantum entanglement between electron spin and nuclear spin has been realized.
This allows the connection between qubits and photons, requires less computing power, and transmits information to quantum processors and quantum memories through the quantum teleportation principle.
The new method meets all of the DiVincenzo standards, which are required for quantum computers to operate, including scalability, initialization, measurement, general gates, and coherence.
It can also be applied to other magnetic field schemes other than the Stark offset, in which qubits can be manipulated separately, and it prevents common types of computational errors, such as gate errors or ambient noise.
Researchers say that by further improving the resolution of individual quantum operations and entanglement operations, large-scale integration of diamond quantum computers, quantum storage and quantum sensors can be achieved.
It will also improve the data transmission capabilities of quantum relay networks for long-distance quantum communications and distributed quantum computer networks or quantum internet.
(Intern reporter Zhang Jiaxin)
(Editor: Zhao Zhuqing, Chen Jian)
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What are important areas in quantum research?

Researchers found a way to control qubits using microwaves and light, meeting DiVincenzo standards for quantum computers.

What are important areas in quantum research?

Quantum systems become complex with more qubits, requiring exhaustive testing and calibration.

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Content: Keysight Technologies, Inc. (NYSE: KEYS) and Q-CTRL, a pioneer of quantum infrastructure software to make quantum technologies useful, are partnering to integrate key infrastructure quantum software to accelerate quantum processor development, characterization, and key proof of principle scientific demonstrations.

An interesting feature of quantum computation is that as qubits are added to a quantum processor, the computational space available to the end user expands exponentially. However, as quantum systems grow exponentially, they become increasingly more complex to design, test, and operate. This means quantum hardware developers face a slow and complex design cycle as current software tools require users to exhaustively test and calibrate an ever-growing number of configurations and combinations.

To address these design challenges, Keysight and Q-CTRL are partnering to provide an integrated solution enabling quantum developers to effectively scale both quantum processor quantity and quality. The solution will integrate Q-CTRL’s Boulder Opal hardware optimization and automation functionality into Keysight’s Quantum Control System (QCS) providing enhanced capability in quantum processor characterization and optimization to rapidly decrease characterization time and improve device up-time.

To accelerate quantum development, the joint solution will:

  • Help navigate complexity – Provide advanced AI/ML tools to navigate complex design and characterization spaces.
  • Automate device optimization – Enable closed loop, autonomous agents to efficiently determine the relationship between Hamiltonian parameters and QCS hardware settings.
  • Accelerate the quantum design cycle – Less time calibrating and characterizing a quantum processor means faster development cycles and more use case development time available.
  • Customizable experiments – Allow users to program and optimize experiments specific to their quantum device.
  • Enhanced exploration – Enable more avenues of exploration and innovation for quantum scientists and engineers.

The Keysight QCS combines dedicated quantum control hardware and full-stack software capabilities to provide an easy-to-use solution for the control and readout of quantum devices. Q-CTRL Boulder Opal delivers cloud-accelerated hardware design, AI-based automation, and quantum control optimization, giving professional teams everything they need to get ahead of the competition.

Alex Shih, Head of Product, Q-CTRL, said: "We are delighted to be working with Keysight to bring Q-CTRL’s hardware characterization and optimization capabilities to their end users and empowering experimentalists and researchers to build and scale real quantum systems. We designed our products to be easily integrated and interoperable across hardware and software architectures, and we are proud to see this help activate the quantum ecosystem. To us, making quantum technology useful relies on not just developing new technologies, but supporting researchers to easily leverage them in building and scaling their quantum systems.”

Eric T. Holland, Director of Strategic Initiatives, Quantum at Keysight, said: "Customer success is at the core of all that we do at Keysight. We are continually seeking feedback from our quantum users to drive our roadmap and spur innovation. This collaboration with Q-CTRL comes from such feedback and we are thrilled to begin our journey to improve the end-user experience and capabilities for our customers."

About Keysight

At Keysight (NYSE: KEYS), we inspire and empower innovators to bring world-changing technologies to life. As an S&P 500 company, we're delivering market-leading design, emulation, and test solutions to help engineers develop and deploy faster, with less risk, throughout the entire product life cycle. We're a global innovation partner enabling customers in quantum, communications, industrial automation, aerospace and defense, automotive, semiconductor, and general electronics markets to accelerate innovation to connect and secure the world. Learn more at Keysight Newsroom and www.keysight.com.

What are important areas in quantum research?

Keysight and Q-CTRL partner to accelerate quantum development with AI/ML tools.

What are important areas in quantum research?

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Quantum technology investment reached $2.35bn in 2022, with potential value gains of $1.3trn by 2035.

The automotive, chemicals, financial services, and life sciences industries will be impacted first.

What fields can quantum computers advance?

China announced $15.2bn for quantum investment, citing a need for fault-tolerant machines.

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

Qubit quality and quantum talent are improving, but still lag behind growing demand.

The EU and UK attract quantum technology graduates, who can simulate complex chemical reactions with quantum computers.

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

Quantum computers can solve problems faster than current classical supercomputers.

What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

extremely complex calculations
extremely fast calculations

Quantum computers are sensitive to extreme temperatures and have unreliable quantum bit quality.

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

high error rates
sensitivity to environment

Quantum computing is expensive, with qubits costing $10,000, and poses a security risk by decrypting secure data.

What are the potential threats of quantum computers?

threatening national security through breaking encryption

Companies like IBM and Mercedes-Benz are using quantum computing to revolutionize industries like finance and healthcare.

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

What fields can quantum computers advance?

IBM and Google achieved quantum supremacy using their Eagle and Sycamore processors, respectively.

What are important areas in quantum research?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

What have been the landmark achievements in quantum computing?

Google's Sycamore quantum supremacy experiment

China's Zuchongzhi processor achieved quantum supremacy, despite quantum decoherence being a major challenge.

What are important areas in quantum research?

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

What have been the landmark achievements in quantum computing?

China's "Zu Chongzhi-2" quantum supremacy experiment

High-quality qubits delay decoherence, with superconducting qubits and ion traps being leading technologies.

What are important areas in quantum research?

new types of qubits
implementations of quantum processors

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

IBM plans to have 1,121-qubit Condor chip ready by 2023, and error correction is a significant challenge in quantum computing.

What are important areas in quantum research?

What are the challenges in quantum computing research?

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

What seminal quantum computers/ processors have been developed?

Microsoft devised a way to represent logical qubits, achieving a breakthrough in reliable quantum computing.

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Content: People 's Daily Online > > Economy and Technology
A major breakthrough in the development of reliable quantum computers
June 26, 2023 09: 24 | Source: Science and Technology Daily
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BEIJING, June 25 (Xinhua) -- A team of researchers from the quantum division of Microsoft Corporation in the United States has made the first milestone breakthrough in creating a reliable and practical quantum computer.
In a recent paper published in the journal Physical Review B, the team describes this milestone breakthrough and their plan to build a reliable quantum computer over the next 25 years.
For a quantum supercomputer to be able to solve not only problems that classical computers cannot solve, but also to scale to solve the most complex problems facing the world today, it must be both high performance and reliable.
The research team has devised a new way to represent logical qubits with hardware stability.
It is reported that the device can induce the type of fermions, a phase of matter characterized by the zero mode of Majorana.
The research team also reports that these devices have shown low enough disorder to demonstrate that the technique is feasible through topological gap protocols.
Microsoft said in its announcement that it has created a new metric to measure the performance of quantum supercomputers — reliable quantum operands per second (rQOPS).
This number describes how many reliable operations a computer can perform in a second, and it takes into account the performance of the entire system, not just the performance of the qubits, so it ensures the correct operation of the algorithm.
Research shows that the first quantum supercomputer requires at least 1 million rQOPS and will scale to more than 1 billion to solve impactful chemical and material science problems.
Christa Wall, Microsoft ’ s vice president of advanced quantum technology development, said that within 10 years, the final part of the company ’ s quantum computing roadmap, which is to build a quantum supercomputer, will be reached.
(Editor: Wang Renhong, Chen Jian)
Public Number ： People 's Network Finance
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What are important areas in quantum research?

new types of qubits
implementations of quantum processors

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

Microsoft's first quantum supercomputer requires at least 1 million rQOPS.

IBM Quantum System Two will launch in 2023 with 433 and 1121 qubits.

IBM Quantum System Two will launch in 2023 with 433 and 1121 qubits.

IBM Quantum System Two will launch in 2023 with 433 and 1121 qubits.