Additives are commonly used in salmon farming to promote growth, prevent disease, and enhance nutritional value.

Vitamins, minerals, and amino acids are added to salmon feed to promote growth and health.

Additives like antibiotics and parasiticides are used to prevent disease and parasites, but their use is regulated.

The use of GMOs and nanomaterials is a debated topic with varying regulations across countries.

Farmed salmon may contain added pigments and have more fat due to feed additives.

Farmed salmon's Omega 3 content can be affected by feed additives like fish oil and vegetable oil.

Farmed salmon has higher concentrations of PCBs, a potential cancer risk, than wild salmon.

Regulations in Norway, Chile, and Scotland ensure salmon feed additives are used safely, sustainably, and responsibly to minimize environmental and human health impacts.

The use of some additives has raised health concerns, including the potential impact of ethoxyquin and antibiotic resistance.

Development of sustainable salmon feed alternatives is ongoing to reduce environmental impact and promote salmon health.

Researchers are investigating microalgae as a sustainable salmon feed due to its high omega-3 content and fish-like taste.

Insect-based feed is being explored as a sustainable option with 42%-63% higher protein content than traditional resources.

The European Union has implemented regulations on aquaculture feed additives, including environmental impact assessments and monitoring.

The FDA regulates aquaculture feed additives in the US, requiring manufacturers to prove safety and efficacy.

Countries like Russia, China, and Norway are investing in research to develop sustainable feed alternatives for the salmon farming industry.

Standards for salmon farming additives vary by country, but many are implementing stricter regulations for sustainability and safety.

Additives are commonly used in salmon farming to promote growth, prevent disease, and enhance nutritional value.

Title:

Content: Salmon Meat Fresh Orange Red VS Dark Red From Flavor Color Fat Determine Salmon Cultured or Wild
Food Safety 13: 09 2023 / 11 / 11
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There are three major differences between wild salmon and farmed salmon.
The average consumer relies on the label on the packaging to confirm whether the salmon is farmed or wild, and the food label is different from country to country.
Stan liked the Japanese way of labelling the fish. Whether it was farmed or wild was clearly written; however, if there were no such labelling elsewhere, how would you know where it came from?
In order to make the meat more beautiful, the fish will be added to the feed to make the meat appear bright orange red, attracting consumers to buy, that is, everyone sees the color of salmon meat on weekdays, because the wild salmon does not have that kind of pigment, the fish will appear dark red, it does not look so beautiful.
If you look carefully, the fish meat of the salmon will have a very obvious white fat line, because the feed is specially added a lot of fat to speed up the weight of the fish, but in fact, the wild salmon in the food eaten in the wild environment, there is not so much fat, so the fat line of the wild salmon is smaller than that of the fish.
In addition, because many pollutants are fat-soluble, too much fat in fish makes pollutants accumulate; in terms of taste, wild salmon does not have as much fat as fish, so it is not so oily when cooking, but its fish meat is more delicious.
Of course, you may be very health-conscious and afraid that wild salmon is too expensive, but there are many other omega-3 rich ingredients to choose from.
Fish, you can eat mackerel, mackerel, tuna, sardines, etc. Plants, you can eat flaxseeds, chia seeds and peach, but note that the Omege-3 of the plant is not directly absorbed, you must undergo physical transformation to obtain, so absorption will be slower; as for supplements, you can choose fish oil or krill oil, these are very good and convenient to choose. And...
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Author: Pilot Stan

Why is omega-6 (vegetable) fat added to salmon fees in salmon farms?

Vitamins, minerals, and amino acids are added to salmon feed to promote growth and health.

Title:

Content: - A plus A.
Ibrahim Al-Alawi (Jeddah) i _ waleeed22 @
The Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) has launched a project to update the Gulf technical regulations for additives allowed to be used in foodstuffs.
The standard specified the conditions for the use of food additives, whether or not they had their own specification previously.
The standard includes foods where the use of food additives is not permitted or where the use of food additives is restricted, and the aim of setting maximum allowable use limits for food additives is to ensure that the intake of the additive does not exceed the acceptable daily dose.
The project showed the maximum use of food additive according to the highest permissible concentration to perform its desired purpose, and is safe and expressed in milligrams per kilogram of food substance. Food additives were interpreted as any substance intentionally added to food and not as a component, to maintain or improve food qualities and added for technical or nutritional purposes, whether during manufacturing, preparation, processing, packaging, transport or storage.
The substance itself or its by-products may become part of the food directly or indirectly.
The acceptable dose included daily intake (ADI), which is the amount of food additive estimated by the Joint Committee of Experts that can be consumed daily for the duration of life without any significant risk to health and estimated on the basis of body weight. The specification also included the maximum use of food additive according to the highest concentration allowed to be used to fulfill its desired purpose and be safe as determined by the Codex.
When polyols are used in food products for purposes other than sweetening by not more than 10%, it is not necessary to write the relevant warnings contained in the technical regulations and the additives allowed to be used in raw materials or other components according to this regulation, and the content of additives in raw materials or other components does not exceed the upper limit specified in this regulation.

Additives like antibiotics and parasiticides are used to prevent disease and parasites, but their use is regulated.

Title:

Content: Lerøy Seafood Group ASA: Proposal on resource tax

Bergen, NORWAY

The Norwegian Government this morning, 28 September 2022, issued a press release available at www.regjeringen.no whereby it is proposed to introduce a resource tax on salmon and trout farming of 40% for volumes above 4-5,000 tonnes. The tax is proposed with effect for 2023 and must be approved by the Norwegian parliament "Storting". According to the press release, the proposal if approved, will give a marginal tax rate on farming of salmon and trout of 62%.

The Board and management in LSG are in the process of assessing the proposal but do not have a complete overview yet. However, the proposal is undoubtedly hostile to the industry. If approved, it will have a strong negative impact on the entire industry, unless decision makers at the “Storting” and people along coastal Norway manage to stop the proposal following the ongoing consultation period.

The use of GMOs and nanomaterials is a debated topic with varying regulations across countries.

Title:

Content: February 1, 12: 19 PM
The expert called the shortage of high-quality feed one of the barriers to the development of aquacul
According to the general director of Agriconsult LLC Andrey Golokhvastov, a possible glut of the feed market for aquaculture by 2028 is likely
ST. PETERSBURG, February 1.
/ TASS /.
The shortage of affordable and high-quality feed for valuable fish species is one of the barriers to the development of aquaculture in the Russian Federation.
This was reported to TASS by the General Director of Agriconsult LLC, which advises agricultural enterprises in the field of economics, finance and marketing, Andrei Golohvastov at the IX International Conference "Fish.
Aquaculture: the present and the future of the industry "in St. Petersburg.
“One of the barriers to the development of aquaculture in the Russian Federation, primarily salmon species (along with the problems of providing fish planting material) is the shortage of affordable and high-quality feed.
The supply of feed is gradually changing - the share of traditional European and world suppliers is decreasing and the share of Russian feed, as well as supplies from Belarus and Turkey, is growing.
But the imports will still be significant, ” he said.
In the medium term, the volume of demand for feed for salmon breeds (trout, Atlantic salmon) can be about 230 thousand tons per year and about 15 thousand tons for sturgeon, said Golokhvastov.
Investment projects for the creation of feed production capacities for 500 thousand tons are announced, and the projected volume of production of feed for valuable fish species in Russia, taking into account the planned projects, can be from 115 to 165 thousand tons by 2028.
At the same time, a possible oversaturation of the aquaculture feed market by 2028 is likely.
The expert explained that the glut of the fish feed market will lead to competition among feed producers, but will give enterprises additional choice and opportunities.
The volume of feed will increase as a result of the construction of new enterprises, an increase in production of existing ones, as well as continuing imports.
“The production of feed for aquaculture by existing domestic plants is gradually increasing, new plants are being built and designed. < … > If all this is summed up, even taking into account the fact that not all investor plans <... > will be implemented, we see a very likely scenario that by 2028 we may have a glut of the feed market for aquaculture, ” the expert said.
With the development of feed for aquaculture, it is necessary to develop the production of feed additives, added Lyubov Savkina, Director General of the analytical agency in the field of marketing analysis of the feed and feed additives market "FEEDLOT".
“Production of feed for aquaculture will grow by about 100 thousand tons, we will produce our own feed, perhaps they will become of the same quality as imported, and we will be able to implement the strategy of import substitution.
But we still lay about 50% on imports.
Investment projects (more than ten) have been announced, if all of them are fulfilled, we will be able to replace all imports, but the biggest problem is raw materials and their quality.
With the development of aquaculture and feed for aquaculture, it is necessary to develop the production of their feed additives, ” she said.
About the conference
IX International Conference "Fish.
Aquaculture: the Present and the Future of the Industry "takes place in St. Petersburg on January 31 - February 1.
Every year, specialists of fish farms, enterprises producing specialized equipment, feed and planting material, fish processors, representatives of logistics enterprises and representatives of regional specialized agencies, associations and research institutes come to the event.
The organizer is a member of the Committee of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation for the development of the agro-industrial complex Publishing House "SPHERA".
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Russian Federation

Farmed salmon may contain added pigments and have more fat due to feed additives.

What are some of the additives that are added to salmon feeds in salmon farms?

Farmed salmon's Omega 3 content can be affected by feed additives like fish oil and vegetable oil.

Title:

Content: Cheaper salmon is 'as good as premium farmed products when it comes to Omega 3', study shows

  • Fish-eaters benefit from two Omega 3 fatty acids – EPA and DHA – which can boost heart health and thinking skills
  • Researchers analysed packs of farmed Scottish and Norwegian salmon from 10 UK supermarkets
  • The best provided 67% of the recommended weekly Omega 3 but the worst only offered 26%
  • Fillets from two stores did not contain significantly more Omega 3 than non-premium products

Premium farmed salmon may be no healthier than value brands when it comes to Omega 3, a study has shown.

Fish-eaters benefit from two Omega 3 fatty acids – EPA and DHA – which can boost heart health and thinking skills.

Researchers analysed packs of farmed Scottish and Norwegian salmon from 10 UK supermarkets.

The best provided 67 per cent of the recommended weekly Omega 3 but the worst only offered 26 per cent.

Fillets from two stores did not contain significantly more Omega 3 than non-premium products.

Premium farmed salmon may be no healthier than value brands when it comes to Omega 3, a study has shown. Fish-eaters benefit from two Omega 3 fatty acids – EPA and DHA – which can boost heart health and thinking skills. (File image)

Farmed salmon tend to be fed a mixture of fish and vegetable oils but the latter lack the fatty acids found in seafood.

Study leader Dr Matthew Sprague, from Stirling University, said: 'The amount of EPA and DHA can vary based on the cut of salmon, as well as what it was fed, but farmed salmon is still high in nutrients.'

Salmon not only contains Omega 3 but selenium and phosphorus, which are also important for health.

Andrew Opie, director of food and sustainability at the British Retail Consortium, said: 'Consumers take various factors into consideration when buying salmon, including its health benefits and the way it is produced, and they will weigh these up when choosing what to purchase in a supermarket.'

Salmon not only contains Omega 3 but selenium and phosphorus, which are also important for health

Phil Brooke, from Compassion in World Farming, said: 'Intensive fish farming is bad for fish welfare and the product only contains Omega 3 due to the wasteful consumption of feed containing fish oil.'

Wild salmon consume only fish oil, which they get from algae and smaller fish, but lose fatty acids from that fish oil, as they become leaner during the migration back from the sea to the river to spawn.

This means farmed fish, which are kept confined in cages within the sea, can contain more Omega 3 than the wild variety.

But vegetable oil is more accessible, sustainable, and also cheaper than fish oil for the expanding fish farming industry.

So more of this can be used, which substantially reduces the amount of Omega 3 in farmed salmon.

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Cheaper salmon is 'as good as premium farmed products when it comes to Omega 3', study shows

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Farmed salmon has higher concentrations of PCBs, a potential cancer risk, than wild salmon.

Title:

Content: Miscellaneous
Publish Date: December 13, 2021 8: 47 GMT
Updated on: December 13, 2021 9: 40 GMT
Study: Eating Too Much ‘ Farm Salmon ’ May Cause Cancer
A medical study published on Monday warned that overeating salmon raised in farm ponds could lead to cancer.
The Daily Newspaper noted.
+ A -A
Source: Erm News
A medical study published on Monday warned that overeating salmon raised in farm ponds could lead to cancer.
The Daily Express newspaper pointed out that "some previous studies found that salmon, jam in ponds, which is widely consumed around the world, doubles the risk of prostate cancer," pointing out that "salmon is a useful food source for health because it contains omega-3 fatty acids."
"While one salmon is caught in open water, like the seas, the other is bred in tight spaces (farms and ponds), which could have implications for human health," the paper said.
Studies have found that PCBs in farm-raised salmon were about 8 times higher than concentrations in wild salmon, adding that PCBs have been banned for commercial use for decades, but their effects can still be found in the environment, which may adversely affect human diet and therefore health.
According to a study by the Environmental Defense Fund, eating salmon raised in farm ponds on a regular basis may increase the risk of cancer after multiple cases of contamination have been detected in the United States and other countries.
"Medical scientific findings, published in the Journal of Medical Sciences, suggest that cheap farmed salmon sold in stores may do more harm than good."
“Risk analysis suggests that consumption of farmed Atlantic salmon may pose health risks that detract from the beneficial effects of fish consumption, ” the study said.
Eating farmed salmon more than once a month may be enough to increase the risk of cancer.
"In multivariate analyses, men with the highest concentrations of PCBs were twice as likely to develop prostate cancer than men with the lowest concentrations."
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What health concerns are there specifically related to additives in farmed salmon feed?

Regulations in Norway, Chile, and Scotland ensure salmon feed additives are used safely, sustainably, and responsibly to minimize environmental and human health impacts.

Title:

Content: NEWS
In Norway, they want to introduce a new tax for salmon farmers
The government of Norway has proposed a new tax for water farmers - large producers of Atlantic salmon and trout.
The change may enter into force as early as January 1, 2023.
It is planned that the tax will bring from 3.65 billion to 3.8 billion Norwegian kroner (from 347 million to 361.2 million dollars) per year, writes the portal Seafood Source.
According to the proposed changes, which must first be approved by the Parliament (Storting), half of the funds received will go to the budgets of municipalities.
On September 28, the initiative was sent for consultations.
The government will then submit the bill to the Storting, a Fishnews correspondent reports.
If the proposed rules are adopted, the tax will be levied from fiscal year 2023.
Seafood Source notes that immediately after the news of these changes, the share price of such large salmon producers - Mowi, Lerøy Seafood and SalMar - fell by 15-19%.
Lerøy Seafood called the bill hostile to the industry.
The company believes that the amendments will have a strong negative impact on production, and hopes that decision makers in the Storting and residents of coastal Norway will be able to stop approval of the innovations.
According to Reuters, the tax increase is intended as one of the ways to curb inflation.
In announcing the tax increase, the government cited data from Statistics Norway.
According to his calculations, the profit of aquaculture farmers has grown significantly since 2012.
For the period from 2016 to 2018, it exceeded 20 billion Norwegian kroner ($1.9 billion).
The indicator for 2021 is estimated by officials at 11.8 billion Norwegian kroner ($1.1 billion).
According to the statement of the Norwegian Ministry of Finance, the tax will be introduced for the production of Atlantic salmon and two types of trout, an effective rate of 40% is assumed.
At the same time, a special benefit for small and medium-sized enterprises is stipulated - the tax-free volume will be from 4 thousand to 5 thousand tons.
The ministry estimated that this relaxation will affect from 65 to 70% of aquaculture farmers.
Read more news on the Fishnews Telegram channel.
Fishnews
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The use of some additives has raised health concerns, including the potential impact of ethoxyquin and antibiotic resistance.

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08 / 06 / 2023
Hong Kong ’ s water is contaminated with antibiotics by animals, and children may be overweight and harmful to their health.
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In order to reduce animal disease and speed up reproduction and growth, the agricultural and fisheries sector may use antibiotics in the breeding process, but residual antibiotics may pose risks to human health, such as damaging the intestinal flora, making bacteria resistant, and even delaying the growth and development of brain cells.
Research by the Education University of Hong Kong has found that the use of animal antibiotics will not only lead to pollution of the water in Hong Kong, such as the ingestion of animal antibiotics from food by children, but also lead to overweight.
Tang Wenjing (Teaching University picture)
Professor Tang Wenjing of the Department of Science and Environment at the University of Hong Kong, said that excessive antibiotic intake may change the intestinal environment and even cause drug resistance problems. Since 2015, the research team has investigated the impact of animal antibiotics on environmental ecology, food safety and children ’ s health, including 13 river water samples and 15 sea water samples collected in various regions of Hong Kong in 2021.
The results showed that the samples contained 3 kinds of tetracycline, 10 kinds of sulfonamides, 9 kinds of quinolones, erythromycin, and neomycin, and other antibiotics.
A variety of antibiotics have been detected in organic egg drinking water
According to district statistics, the concentration and variety of antibiotics detected in Yuen Long, where there are more farms, were higher, and the level of antibiotics in Kam Tin Ho samples was as high as 114.26 ng / L. Although the concentration of antibiotics detected was lower than the findings obtained by the team in 2015, the number of antibiotics detected increased.
In addition, the team collected urine samples from 31 Hong Kong children aged 4 to 6 years who had not taken antibiotics within one month in 2016. The results showed that 77.4% of the samples contained antibiotics with a maximum concentration of 0.36 ng / mL, which was much higher than that of Shanghai and Korea.
The team said that although the concentration of antibiotics does not exceed WHO standards, the use of antibiotics in animals is closely related to the overweight of children, and parents should not take it lightly.
In the same year, the team also purchased chicken and aquatic products in the markets near the children ’ s homes, and processed them in traditional cooking methods such as water boiling, slow stewing and stir-frying.
It was found that high temperature cooking also failed to effectively remove antibiotics from food. “Organic eggs ” and drinking water, which claimed to be free of antibiotics, were also found to contain a variety of antibiotics, reflecting that antibiotics used by animals have unconsciously invaded human daily life, and even flowed into the body, or affected the health of the next generation.
Reprinted from: Sunny News
The content of the signed and / or unsigned articles published by Economic Times is the author's personal opinion and does not represent the position of Economic Times, and the role of Economic Times is to provide a free speech platform.
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What health concerns are there specifically related to additives in farmed salmon feed?

Development of sustainable salmon feed alternatives is ongoing to reduce environmental impact and promote salmon health.

Title:

Content: Roslin Institute conducts research to identify disease-resistant genes in salmon
With the aim of identifying the genes that can make Atlantic salmon resistant to sea lice and parasites that severely affect fish health and well-being, scientists are costing the global aquaculture sector around £800 million a year. acquired with regard to the resistance mechanisms of Atlantic salmon, which is highly sensitive.
Led by researchers from the Roslin Institute and the Institute of Aquaculture at the University of Stirling, the project will receive a total of £1.7 million from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) and the Sustainable Aquaculture Innovation Centre (SAIC), which is an industrial partnership award with aquaculture company Benchmark Genetics.
Gene selection
Researchers will use previously collected data from 12,000 infected fish to identify areas of the salmon genome associated with resistance to sea lice, and will also compare Atlantic salmon with Coho salmon to investigate key mechanisms, genes and proteins involved in their various responses to lice.
These genes will then be targeted to produce genetically modified salmon embryos, and gene editing, which enables precise and targeted changes to genetic code, has been used in previous studies by scientists from the Roslin Institute to identify disease-resistant genes in salmon, and has potential applications in aquaculture to improve health and well-being traits.
Alternative control strategies, such as feed supplements and clean fish, are partially effective, as some lice develop drug resistance, and selective breeding to increase salmon resistance to lice is an effective but relatively slow process because salmon production takes up to four years to reach maturity for reproduction.
Importance of research
Prof Ross Houston, personal head of genetics in aquaculture at the Roslin Institute, said: “Gene editing has the potential to accelerate disease-resistant salmon reproduction by making targeted changes informed by years of research into the genetic and functional mechanisms of resistance to sea lice. It is a major source of employment in rural communities in the Scottish Highlands.
Dr Diego Robledo of the Roslin Institute says: “Different species show varying resistance to sea lice, while Atlantic salmon are very durable, the Koho salmon is almost completely resistant, and we ’ ll compare the genomes of the two species to understand how they relate to their response to lice, so we can identify the main mechanisms underlying resistance in Koho salmon. genomic editing. ”
Professor James Brown, Professor of Aquatic Animal Health at the University of Stirling, said: “The Institute of Aquaculture at the University of Stirling offers more than 30 years of research on the interactions of sea lice and Atlantic salmon in this collaboration.

Researchers are investigating microalgae as a sustainable salmon feed due to its high omega-3 content and fish-like taste.

Title:

Content: Algae, Microalgae & Seaweed

UK Project Develops Sustainable Microalgae Protein With Improved Flavour

The UK’s Natural Resources Institute (NRI) is collaborating with Imperial College London (ICL) and biotech startup Arborea to develop technology capable of producing sustainable microalgae protein with an improved flavour profile.

Algae has attracted significant interest in recent years as a highly sustainable protein source. However, current protein extraction methods are inefficient, expensive, and produce a final product with undesirable off-notes.

NRI will work to identify the compounds responsible for these flavours, and examine how they can be altered through changes in growth conditions and extraction methods. Meanwhile, ICL will develop cost-effective and environmentally friendly methods of producing algal protein extract, while Arborea — which has develped patented bioreactor technology — will contribute its expertise in the industrial growth and harvesting of microalgae.

The two-year project is funded by Innovate UK and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as part of a novel low-emission food production systems competition. It is led by NRI alternative protein expert Dr Parag Acharya and University of Greenwich algae biotechnologist Dr Yixing Sui.

Powerful renewable resource

Scientists are increasingly exploring the potential for microalgae to be used in the food industry; this is especially true in the area of fish alternatives, due to algae’s fish-like taste and high omega-3 content. Last August, researchers at the University of Singapore announced that they had developed 3D-printed calamari rings using microalgae and mung bean protein. Two months later, scientists at Germany’s Hohenheim University revealed they had developed a fermentation process to break down the undesirable flavour compounds in microalgae.

Microalgae have also been used for other applications, such as omega-3 supplements and skincare products. Last month, Californian biotech firm Checkerspot announced it had used the algae to produce a fat mimicking that found in breast milk, an innovation that the company describes as a “breakthrough” for infant formula. Other companies, such as Berlin-based Quazy Foods, are using microalgae to develop functional food ingredients.

“Microalgae combine exceptional nutritional profiles with outstanding functional properties, which predestines them as a powerful renewable resource of the future,” said Berenike Zimmer, co-founder of Quazy Foods.

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Insect-based feed is being explored as a sustainable option with 42%-63% higher protein content than traditional resources.

Title:

Content: Insect Feed Market to Reach $2.2 Billion by 2031, Driven by Rising Demand for Sustainable Protein Sources.

Insect Feed Market Report

Insect Feed Market Expected to Surpass $2.2 Billion by 2031, Fueled by Growing Demand for Sustainable Protein Solutions.

Insects offer high-quality protein, essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals, making them an attractive source of nutrition for various animal species. ”
— Allied Market Research

WILMINGTON,NEW CASTLE, DELAWARE , UNITED STATE, April 2, 2024 /EINPresswire.com/ -- “Insect Feed Market," The Insect Feed Market Size was valued at $261.50 million in 2021, and is estimated to reach $2.2 billion by 2031, growing at a CAGR of 24.5% from 2022 to 2031.

📍Request Sample Report : https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/request-sample/A15172

Insect offers high-quality protein, amino acids, and vitamins for livestock as well as pet food. Insect based diet for livestock can potentially replace soymeal in their diet. The nutritious quality of fly larvae, meal worms, silkworm, locusts, among others are used in the diets of pigs, poultry, aquaculture, and ruminants. These insects offer 42%-63% higher protein content compared to traditional resources such as soymeal and fishmeal. Also, the palatability of insect feeds is higher and can replace 25 to 100% of soymeal and fishmeal depending on the animal for which it is being used.

The insect feed market refers to the industry involved in the production, distribution, and sale of feed products derived from insects. Insect-based feed has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential as a sustainable and nutritious alternative to traditional feed ingredients for livestock, aquaculture, and pets.

The market for insect feed has experienced rapid growth, driven by several factors. One of the key drivers is the increasing demand for protein-rich feed ingredients to support the growing global population and the rising consumption of animal-based products. Insects are rich in protein, essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals, making them an attractive source of nutrition for various animal species.

Additionally, insect-based feed is highly sustainable and environmentally friendly compared to conventional feed ingredients such as soybean meal and fishmeal. Insects can be raised on organic waste streams, agricultural by-products, and food waste, reducing the environmental footprint associated with feed production and contributing to circular economy principles.

The insect feed market is segmented based on insect type, application, and end-user industry. Common insect species used for feed production include black soldier fly, mealworms, crickets, and grasshoppers. These insects are processed into various forms such as meal, powder, oil, and whole insects to cater to different animal species and feeding requirements.

Applications of insect feed include poultry feed, swine feed, aquafeed, pet food, and others. Insect-based feed products are formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of different animal species and can be used as a partial or complete replacement for traditional feed ingredients.

End-user industries for insect feed include livestock farming, aquaculture, pet food manufacturing, and others. These industries are increasingly adopting insect-based feed products as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to conventional feed ingredients, driving market growth.

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Geographically, the insect feed market is segmented into regions such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East and Africa. Europe and North America are leading regions in terms of market share, driven by favorable regulatory frameworks, increasing investments in insect farming infrastructure, and growing consumer awareness of sustainable food production practices.

Key players in the insect feed market include insect farming companies, feed manufacturers, and research organizations. These companies focus on developing innovative insect rearing technologies, optimizing feed formulations, and expanding their distribution networks to capitalize on the growing demand for insect-based feed products globally.

Insect farming offers several sustainability advantages compared to traditional animal agriculture. Insects are highly efficient converters of feed into protein, requiring less land, water, and feed inputs per unit of protein produced compared to conventional livestock. Moreover, insect farming generates fewer greenhouse gas emissions and produces less waste, making it a more environmentally friendly option.

The regulatory landscape for insect-based feed varies across regions. While some countries have established regulations and guidelines for the production and use of insect-based feed, others are still in the process of developing regulatory frameworks. Clear and supportive regulations are essential for the growth of the insect feed industry, providing confidence to investors and consumers alike.

Ongoing research and innovation efforts are driving advancements in insect farming techniques, feed formulations, and processing technologies. Researchers are exploring novel insect species for feed production, optimizing rearing conditions to enhance growth and nutritional content, and developing scalable methods for processing insects into feed ingredients.

Consumer acceptance of insect-based products, including feed, plays a crucial role in market growth. While insect-based feed has gained traction in some regions, consumer awareness and acceptance vary globally. Education campaigns, marketing efforts, and product labeling initiatives can help raise awareness about the benefits of insect-based feed and address potential consumer concerns.

The insect feed market presents significant opportunities for investment and expansion. Insect farming startups, feed manufacturers, and technology providers are attracting investments from venture capital firms, corporate investors, and government agencies. As the market matures and scales up, new players are entering the industry, driving innovation and competition.

In addition to traditional feed applications, insect-based ingredients are being explored for use in various value-added products, such as functional foods, dietary supplements, and biodegradable packaging materials. These innovative applications further diversify the market and create new revenue streams for insect farmers and feed manufacturers.

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Product Type Analysis

- The mealworms segment dominated the global market in 2021, holding a market share of over 32%.

- However, the fly larvae segment is expected to be the fastest-growing segment during the forecast period, driven by factors such as increased adoption in aquaculture and livestock feed applications.

End-Use Analysis

- Aquaculture emerged as the dominant end-use segment in 2021.

- The livestock segment is projected to experience the highest growth rate, with a CAGR of 26.0% during the forecast period, fueled by the growing demand for sustainable protein sources in animal feed.

End User Segmentation

- The commercial segment accounted for the majority of the market share in 2021, representing over 79%.

- Residential use is anticipated to be the fastest-growing segment, driven by the rising popularity of insect-based products among individual consumers seeking sustainable protein alternatives.

Category Analysis

- Branded products dominated the market in 2021, capturing over 70% of the market share.

- Private label products are expected to exhibit the highest growth rate during the forecast period, driven by increased demand for customizable and specialized insect feed solutions.

Regional Insights

- North America emerged as the leading revenue contributor in 2021 and is forecasted to reach $704.8 million by 2031, with a notable CAGR of 22.3%.

- LATAM is poised to be the fastest-growing region during the forecast period, driven by factors such as increasing awareness of sustainable farming practices and favorable regulatory frameworks.

Key Players and Strategies

- Industry players such as AgriProtein Holdings Ltd, Buhler AG, Protix, and others have adopted product launch and business expansion strategies to enhance market share and profitability.

- These strategies aim to capitalize on the growing demand for insect-based feed solutions and to remain competitive in the dynamic market landscape.

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The European Union has implemented regulations on aquaculture feed additives, including environmental impact assessments and monitoring.

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Content: Long-time aquaculture executive Ed Ley-Wilson is to join Scotland's Sustainable Aquaculture Innovation Centre (SAIC) as director of innovation and business development, in a new role, replacing that of outgoing Director of Innovation and Engagement Sarah Riddle.

Most recently head of aquaculture at Aquascot, Ley-Wilson has 16 years’ experience in salmon farming, food processing, and retailer engagement.

Ed has worked with universities, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), the aquaculture supply chain, regulators, and industry leadership groups and has particular expertise in innovation around fish welfare and feed alternatives, as well as sustainability and community impact.

After more than three years at SAIC, Riddle has decided to focus more on her family business.

During Sarah’s time with SAIC, the innovation centre has seen its membership consortium rise past 340 organizations, reached the milestone of 100 funded R&D projects, and drawn £4.67 (€5.46/$5.87) of third-party funding for every £1 (€1.17/$1.26) of its own investment.

“The need for innovation has never been stronger, with the aquaculture sector poised for sustainable growth," said Ley-Wilson. "Carbon mitigation, fish health and welfare, farming technologies, and feed sustainability are just some of the areas of focus I look forward to working on, building on the great work Sarah and her team have been delivering.”

SAIC’s mission is to reduce the environmental footprint and increase the economic impact of aquaculture through innovation. It invests in collaborative research projects in the areas of fish health and welfare, nutrition, shellfish production, capacity and the environment. It also supports MSc and PhD places, internships and training programs.

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning additives in salmon feed?

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning antibiotics in farmes salmon?

The FDA regulates aquaculture feed additives in the US, requiring manufacturers to prove safety and efficacy.

What countries or jurisdictions have regulations concerning additives in salmon feed?

Countries like Russia, China, and Norway are investing in research to develop sustainable feed alternatives for the salmon farming industry.

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Content: Russian food will increase the mass of salmon fish three times - RIA Novosti, 02.10.2023
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Russian food will increase the mass of salmon fish three times
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MOSCOW, October 2 – RIA Novosti.
A new all-domestic starter food for salmon fish was presented by NArFU scientists.
According to them, the results of the experiments showed an increase in the weight of the model by almost three times, which is comparable to the effect of the use of high-quality imported analogues, the press service of the university reported.
Today, as the experts of the university note, special feeds are used for high productivity of aqua farms that can give the maximum increase in fish weight with a minimum feed coefficient.
However, at the moment about 80% of such feed on the market is imported, which creates problems in the supply of domestic farms.
In Russia, they learned how much microplastics contain the White and Barents Seas
Researchers of the Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (NArFU) presented experimental formulations of starter feed for young salmon species of fish, the effectiveness of which is comparable to imported analogues, and the price is half as low due to the use of only domestic components.
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“The feed is rich in essential amino acids, it contains more than 40% of the mass fraction of raw protein, which allows us to consider the developed composition of the feed formulation as a full-fledged, balanced and high-quality product ready for use in the industrial production of fish farms, ” said Alexander Antonov, Head of the Department of Landscape Architecture and Artificial Forests of NArFU.
© Photo: NArFU / Alexander AntonovStarter food for salmon fish, developed in NArFU
Starter feed for salmon fish, developed in NArFU
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© Photo: NArFU / Alexander AntonovMolod kumzhi, grown during the experiment
Young Trout Cultivated in the Experiment
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Starter feed for salmon fish, developed in NArFU
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Young Trout Cultivated in the Experiment
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The effectiveness of the domestic "diet" was tested on the basis of the Solzensky production and experimental salmon plant in the Arkhangelsk region.
As a model fish, trout was chosen - lake or brook fish from the salmon family.
"At the end of the experiment - after 40 days of feeding - the increase in fish weight was 187% (mass increased by 2.9 times), in length by 32%.
On average, trout by weight grew by 7.2% (0.24 g) per day, which is a good indicator that is comparable to the results of changes in the biometric values of fish that feed on high-quality imported feed, "Antonov said.
In Russia found a way to accelerate the growth of the number of sturgeon
He added that the project is very promising for commercialization, and can be widely used both in large industrial water farms and in private business.
All work on the production of feed was carried out in the feed shop of the NArFU Aquaculture Center on Russian equipment.
According to the scientist, the main goal that now stands before the team is the development of a line of forage for trout and obtaining safe fish products in conditions of mass production.
The research was carried out within the framework of the REC project "Russian Arctic: New Materials, Technologies and Research Methods" with the support of the Ministry of Economic Development, Industry and Science of the Arkhangelsk Region.
"They're coming for wine."
Debunked myths around one of the most mysterious fish
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China Works to Get Wild-Caught Fish Out of its Aquaculture Feed

[By Zhang Chun]

A 2021 Chinese government initiative to stop aquaculture feed being made from only young or low-value fish and to instead start producing “compound feed” – mixed with ingredients harvested from the land – is opening up a greener future for the sector.

According to the Ministry of Agriculture, in a series of trials last year, the sole use of low-value “feed-grade” fish as aquaculture feed was reduced by 77 percent, and by as much as 94 percent in farming of largemouth bass. Experts say the switch to compound feed could see overall use of feed-grade fish slashed by half for farming of certain species.

What is compound feed?

Compound feed normally contains a mixture of animal- and plant-based ingredients, and added nutrients such as vitamins. For aquaculture feeds containing fishmeal and fish oil, common additives include soy proteins, wheat gluten and corn gluten meal.

Feed-grade fish are those in a catch that are small, low in commercial value, or unsuitable for human consumption. They are sent to be processed into fishmeal and fish oil, or fed directly to farmed fish. But a significant proportion of feed-grade fish consists of juveniles of commercially important species. Once caught they can no longer grow into adult fish and breed, or be caught and sold on the market. Their removal damages ocean food chains and ecosystem stability.

The last decade and more has seen increased calls for China to tackle the use of feed-grade fish in aquaculture, but the current round of trials is the first organised by the Ministry of Agriculture. It focuses on species such as the yellow croaker, Japanese sea bass and largemouth bass, which tend to be fed more feed-grade fish. While those species don’t account for much of China’s fed aquaculture output, they do require much more protein than others to put on the same amount of weight. Compound feed cuts down on the use of fish by substituting vegetable alternatives, and is cheaper.

In the long term, sustained reductions in the use of fishmeal and fish oil in feed will be necessary to protect wild fisheries.

Aquaculture driving feed-grade fish catch

Fishers never used to set out to catch feed-grade fish; it was bycatch, with no economic value. Then in the 1980s, global aquaculture took off. “There was a lot of need for fishmeal and oil,” Rashid Sumalia, a fisheries researcher at the University of British Columbia, told China Dialogue. People started going out “purposely to catch them at distance, because there was a market”, he added.

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO’s) 2020 global fisheries and aquaculture report, the use of fish for reduction to fishmeal and fish oil peaked in 1994 at 30 million tonnes, and stood at 18 million tonnes by 2018. Another 4 million tonnes were used elsewhere, including directly in feed for aquaculture, livestock and fur animals.

It wasn’t until the mid and late 1990s that aquaculture took off in China. The FAO’s 1998 fisheries and aquaculture report describes how rare it was for fish catches in Asia to go unused or be used as aquaculture feed. But in Asia, particularly in China and Vietnam, aquaculture has expanded rapidly and the region now accounts for almost 90 percent of global output. In China, output tripled between 1998 and 2020, to represent 60 percent of the global total.

Although many of the species farmed in China need little or no feed, fed fish and crustacean aquaculture accounts for half of output and requires millions of tonnes of feed-grade fish from Chinese waters alone. China does not currently have statistics on its feed-grade fish catch or use in fed aquaculture. One study calculated that in 2016 4.6 million tonnes of feed-grade fish were caught, 35 percent of the total recorded catch in China’s waters, and most was used directly as feed.

“The state is certainly aware of the problem,” said Fang Qing, China general manager for the Aquaculture Stewardship Council, adding that the difficulty in banning some harmful types of fishing gear in China is due to the ongoing market for the feed-grade fish it brings in. Since 2018, China has put minimum size limits in place for 15 commercial fish species, and ruled that feed-grade fish catch would drop to below 20% by 2020. There is no data available indicating whether this target was met.

This it isn’t just a Chinese problem. According to a 2017 study by the University of British Columbia, many countries, including the US and Norway, use feed-grade fish directly as feed. But the practice increased significantly in Asia between the 1990s and 2010, with feed-grade fish coming to account for a high percentage of landed catches.

Replacing feed-grade fish

In early 2019, the Ministry of Agriculture announced it would work to make Chinese aquaculture more environmentally friendly, and proposed the use of compound feed instead of purely fish-based feed. In April 2021, several provinces started trials of compound feed as part of more concrete action plans.

Compound feed for aquaculture is usually a mix of fishmeal, fish oil, wheat flour, soybean meal, vegetable oil and other land-grown ingredients. The amount of fishmeal and fish oil needed depends on the type of fish to be fed, and its stage of growth. According to Fang Qing, carnivorous fish such as the yellow croaker need huge quantities of meat protein at certain stages in their growth, and the relationship between particular nutrients and the growth and physiology of the fish can be complex. Hence, producing appropriate compound feed involves a lot of research and development.

To quantify how efficiently a species is farmed, the aquaculture industry uses a ratio called Fish in:Fish out (FIFO). The closer the FIFO is to 1, the more fish meat is produced per unit of input; a score of 1 means an extra kilogram of fish used as feed results in an extra kilogram of fish to harvest.

A study published in 2020 shows a FIFO of almost 1 for salmon and trout, thanks to the use of compound feeds which require less fishmeal and fish oil. If only fish were used to feed those species, the FIFO figure would be similar to that of the yellow croaker – over 6, according to an upcoming paper co-authored by Zhang Wenbo, an assistant professor in the College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University. His research into conventional yellow croaker aquaculture in China found that the direct use of feed-grade fish is still the best option for the yellow croaker farmers. But Fang Qing told China Dialogue that a lot of feed-grade fish fed to yellow croaker goes uneaten, and ends up sinking to the seabed or rotting, causing pollution and increasing the risk of disease.

More compound feed use would help reduce FIFO numbers in two ways: by cutting use of feed-grade fish, and by increasing conversion ratios – that is, generating more fish growth per unit of feed.

Zhejiang is taking the lead in both those areas. Since 2016, the province has been shutting fishmeal factories during the closed season and restricting the percentage of feed-grade fish in the overall catch. This, combined with the use of compound feed, saw Zhejiang cut the use of feed-grade fish by 835,000 tonnes across 710,000 mu (474 square kilometres) of aquaculture farms during the 13th FYP period (2016-2020). “Previously, feed-grade fish were the primary feed for largemouth bass in Zhejiang. These last two years that’s almost all been replaced with compound feed.” The FIFO ratio for farmed largemouth bass in Zhejiang could come down to 1.5, half the national average for this species, according to 2016 calculations Zhang Wenbo contributed to.

But cutting back on feed-grade fish use in China won’t be easy. Fishers catch a wide range of fish with a wide range of gear. At the local level there is a lack of fisher associations that can impose rules on the sector, making management tricky. Zhejiang’s success can be ascribed to strong local regulations. “There are no successful [international] examples that China can apply,” said Fang Qing. Alongside legislation to bolster oversight of the feed-grade fish catch, he also suggests developing feeds which will be more palatable to fish, and labelling products according to their use of feed-grade fish or compound feed, so consumers can make an informed choice.

Increasing the efficiency of fish inputs

The use of compound feed isn’t the end of the story. At least for now, fishmeal and fish oil are essential ingredients in those feeds. And while the global supply of fishmeal and fish oil has fallen from its peak in 2000 to a fairly stable level, the demand for aquaculture feeds has been increasing. That requires the development of feeds containing less meal and oil.

Plans announced by Norway to boost salmon farming have led to concerns about the supply of fishmeal and fish oil as well as vegetable ingredients. The country has started researching the use of mesopelagic fish (which inhabit the middle depths of the ocean), algae and farmed insects to meet that need and make feed more efficient. A more complete solution would be to develop entirely vegetarian feeds, with no fishmeal at all. However, as things stand that would only be suitable for a few species.

“Fishmeal is the most expensive of the ingredients found in bulk feeds. Reducing the amount in those feeds is the best way to make them cheaper,” Zhang Wenbo points out. A tonne of fishmeal costs around 10,000 yuan (US$1,500), compared to 1,000–4,000 yuan for bran or soybean meal, he added. “Feed conversion ratios are also affected by the type of aquaculture, the make-up of the feed, and genetic selection – the breeding of strains more suited to compound feeds,” he said. This is more difficult in China, with its wide range of farmed species, than in Norway, where salmon dominates. But progress is still being made, and associated targets have been set in the 14th Five Year Plan (2021–25).

Increasing the efficiency of fishmeal and fish oil use in China will also ease global pressures on the supply and help protect juvenile fish. China is the world’s biggest consumer of fishmeal, with the largest part being used in aquaculture, and the second largest being fed to pigs. But the country only produces 400,000–700,000 tonnes of fishmeal a year – not even close to meeting domestic demand. Fishmeal imports have held steady since 2017, at about 1.4 million tonnes, but jumped to 1.82 million tonnes in 2021, with experts ascribing the change to the recovery in pig farming. The extra fishmeal came from the Americas and elsewhere in Asia.

Zhang Wenbo explains that China’s fishmeal and fish oil imports come from forage fish, caught specifically to be turned into fishmeal, and Peru is the main supplier. Relatively little of China’s fishmeal is made from feed-grade fish. “Imports of by-product processed fishmeal from Vietnam and Thailand have been increasing in recent years,” he said.

Minimizing the feed-grade fish catch

Cutting back on the use of feed-grade fish is good for the sustainable development of both wild fishing and aquaculture. It will also help protect already vulnerable ocean ecosystems. In 1959, fishing vessels in China’s Bohai Sea caught 420 kg of fish per net for every hour they worked. By 1993, that had fallen to 30 kg, and only 8 kg between 1998 and 2011. The above-mentioned research into China’s feed-grade fish catch found that a long-term stable total catch has masked trends including falling biomass and changes in end use.

The losses to biodiversity and ecological services cannot be measured in financial terms, and the fishing industry needs more than simply output. Wang Songlin, president and founder of the Qingdao Marine Conservation Society, believes the industry needs to work towards a balance of ecological, economic and social benefits. He told China Dialogue that even if total catch may still be the same by volume, the underlying destruction to the integrity of ecosystems and the environment should not be ignored.

Management of the sector in China has acquired a new ecological focus. Alongside the use of compound feeds, some provinces are providing fishery stewardship subsidies for the protection of rare and endangered species and for keeping down feed-grade fish catch volumes.

Protecting juvenile fish isn’t just a matter for China – it’s crucial for ocean ecosystems around the world. Rashid Sumalia said: “If you look at the economies and the ecology at the higher level, you don’t want to [catch feed-grade fish] because the losses are too high” to be sustainable. Sumalia acknowledges that many people rely on that fishing for their livelihoods but says: “We need to take it down as far as we can.”

Zhang Chun is a senior researcher at China Dialogue. This article appears courtesy of China Dialogue Ocean and may be found in its original form here

The opinions expressed herein are the author's and not necessarily those of The Maritime Executive.

Standards for salmon farming additives vary by country, but many are implementing stricter regulations for sustainability and safety.