The Russian government has implemented various laws and regulations to protect the Russian language from excessive foreign borrowings, particularly from English, and to promote its use in official contexts, education, and media.

The law prohibits the use of foreign words without Russian analogues, with the goal of preserving the Russian language and promoting its use in various spheres.

In addition to Russia, other countries such as Cuba and Qatar have also taken steps to protect their national languages, with Cuba abandoning the use of foreign names for businesses and Qatar launching a campaign to support the Arabic language.

Qatar has also issued a law to protect the Arabic language, which requires governmental entities to use Arabic in all activities and events, and imposes sanctions on violators.

The Russian language is considered a key component of Russian cultural identity, and the government prioritizes its protection and promotion, with over 30 official languages recognized and supported by the state.

The potential consequences of language purification policies for minority languages and language speakers can be significant, including the loss of linguistic diversity and cultural identity.

Language marginalization is a global civilizational process that can lead to the loss of national identity and culture, and it is essential for governments to develop effective language policies to prevent this.

Russia's language policy is considered one of the best globally, and the country can develop criteria for evaluating language policy and lead in language policy development.

The United Nations has recognized the importance of language preservation, and the UNESCO Atlas of Languages tracks language vulnerability worldwide.

Language planning and policy are crucial for preserving linguistic diversity and promoting cultural identity, and governments must take an active role in protecting minority languages and language speakers.

Overall, language purification policies in Russia, Cuba, and Qatar have varying impacts on linguistic diversity and cultural identity, and it is essential to consider the potential consequences for minority languages and language speakers.

Policymakers must balance the goal of promoting national languages with the need to accommodate linguistic diversity, as seen in India's National Education Policy, which aims to promote language complementing student growth.

The promotion of national languages can also be achieved through language planning, as seen in Libya's efforts to preserve the Arabic language, which involves standardizing vocabulary and grammar.

Language purification policies can have strengths, such as promoting national languages and cultural identity, but they also have weaknesses, such as the potential to suppress regional languages and linguistic diversity.

In conclusion, language purification policies are complex and multifaceted, requiring careful consideration of the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches, and policymakers must prioritize the preservation of linguistic diversity and cultural identity.

The Russian government has implemented various laws and regulations to protect the Russian language from excessive foreign borrowings, particularly from English, and to promote its use in official contexts, education, and media.

Title:

Content: The state Duma adopted in the first reading the bill on the protection of the Russian language from foreign borrowings
The bill on the protection of the Russian language from foreign borrowings passed the first reading in the State Duma of the Russian Federation.
The document proposes to prohibit the use of foreign words except those that do not have common analogues in the state language.
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The law prohibits the use of foreign words without Russian analogues, with the goal of preserving the Russian language and promoting its use in various spheres.

In addition to Russia, other countries such as Cuba and Qatar have also taken steps to protect their national languages, with Cuba abandoning the use of foreign names for businesses and Qatar launching a campaign to support the Arabic language.

Title:

Content: In Russia, they are determined to protect the language from excessive saturation with borrowings
The Russian language is one of the most popular in Eurasia, and attempts to abolish our culture have failed.
© Video: TRK "Zvezda" © Photo: TRK "Zvezda"
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Store, Department, Home and other foreign words in the names of shops, cafes and restaurants in Krasnodar soon will not be.
The Cuban capital decided to abandon all foreign names.
The Cuban authorities obliged entrepreneurs to translate business into Russian.
“A sign in a foreign language or using transliteration or a sign in Russian has a big difference.
In part of the fact that 100% of our population can read, understand the sign in Russian.
And many, by ignorance and age, do not even understand what is written on these signs, ” said the chief architect of Krasnodar Artem Salamatin.
So far, the business has been given time until September 1.
But many entrepreneurs are ready to change now.
“Everything will be in Russian.
We will translate the site into Russian.
We'll change everything.
With pleasure, ” entrepreneur Hovhannes Hovhannisyan shared.
Words borrowed from foreign languages became an integral part of Russian many centuries ago.
Massive in our speech, they appeared in different iconic historical periods.
For example, the Mongol invasion.
And after the Patriotic War of 1812 - there were a lot of gallicisms, that is, French words.
Now in conversations predominate borrowing from English.
“We began to use foreign words very actively in areas where such activity had not been observed before.
First of all, it is the public sphere.
Social sphere.
Where actually came a lot of foreign words ”, – said the Chairman of the Association of teachers of literature and Russian language Lyudmila Dudova.
Russia is now determined to protect the language from excessive saturation with borrowings.
President Vladimir Putin recently signed a law “on mandatory observance of the norms of the modern Russian language when using it as a state language. ”
What specific rules are we talking about?
It's not clear yet.
They are compiled by a special government commission.
“The normative dictionary of the Russian language will be a single consistent comprehensive publication, which will be formed on the basis of dictionaries of the Russian language.
Interpretive, spelling, ” explained Deputy Minister of Education of the Russian Federation Tatiana Vasilyeva.
Thus, foreign words should disappear as much as possible from all official documents.
In addition, officials should not use anglicisms and other borrowings during public speeches and generally avoid them in their speech.
“There are so many wonderful and beautiful words in the Russian language.
But why then instead of the word mentor we say coach.
Well, it doesn't sound.
It seems to me that we need to get rid of such words that are imposed, ” said Lyudmila Skakovskaya, Deputy Chairman of the Federation Council Committee on Science, Education and Culture.
This law, according to officials, should protect the Russian language from attacks from abroad, where they have long been trying to abolish all Russian.
But now these sentiments have intensified even more.
The Kiev regime has long declared war on our culture and heritage.
Throughout the country, the monument to Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin is being demolished, because it is he who is considered the creator of the modern literary Russian language.
And it was the language issue that became one of the main reasons for the bloody confrontation in the East of Ukraine in 2014.
Residents of Donbass then did not agree with the nationalists, they did not refuse the Russian language.
“They use the term underdogs.
All these years, when the Maidan happened, they etched Russian in the Donbass, for them it is a symbol of communication.
The Russian world is hysterical.
What connects the Russian world?
The Russian language, ” said political scientist Yuri Svetov.
The fact that our language and culture need protection is also said by the leaders of other neighboring states.
During the autumn meeting of the heads of the CIS countries in Astana, the President of Kazakhstan Kassym-Jomart Tokayev called on his colleagues to create an organization for the protection of the Russian language.
“Our idea is to create an international organization in the image and likeness of the UN.
Using the positive experience of Francophonie.
The headquarters of which is located in Paris, ” said President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Kassym-Jomart Tokayev.
Rossotrudnichestvo recently conducted its own study abroad, which showed that openly Russophobic sentiments are present only among politicians.
But ordinary people continue to willingly learn our language and culture.
According to the United Nations, Russian is spoken by 258 million people worldwide.
It is one of the most popular in Eurasia, and attempts to abolish our culture have failed.
Abroad, Dostoevsky, Pushkin and other Russian classics are also read.
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Qatar has also issued a law to protect the Arabic language, which requires governmental entities to use Arabic in all activities and events, and imposes sanctions on violators.

Title:

Content: parliamentary action to protect it.
"Together to Support the Arabic Language" Campaign in Qatar to Defend the Arabic Language
Qatari Minister of State Hamad Al-Kuwari stressed that "the protection of the Arabic language is a protection for the cultural security of society, and that cultural and national security is no less important than political and economic security."
DOHA – A campaign has been launched in Qatar to support the Dad language and empower it in society, emphasizing that any nation without its own language is a weak nation with no identity, easy to contain and control and cultural hegemony.
The campaign, led by Hamad Abdul Aziz Al-Kuwari, Minister of State of Qatar, Chairman of the Qatar National Library and former Minister of Culture, pointed out that in light of the era of globalization and technological expansion, the Arabic language is greatly threatened, stressing the need for educational institutions in the community and local centers concerned with this language to stop its deterioration.
Under the hashtag "Together to support the Arabic language", the campaign stressed the responsibility of everyone in society to learn and spread the Arabic language, starting from the family, through the school, the media and other state institutions.
Protection of cultural security
In conjunction with the massive campaign to support the Arabic language, the Shura Council referred the Law on the Protection of the Arabic Language to the Cultural Affairs and Media Committee to discuss the means of activating it, where a number of members called for the speedy activation of the law and the imposition of sanctions on violators to protect generations.
Qatar ’ s Minister of State Hamad al-Kuwari, who was hosted by the council, stressed that “the protection of the Arabic language is a protection for the cultural security of society, and that cultural and national security is no less important than political and economic security. ”
He pointed out that the process of renaissance and development experienced by the Gulf countries and the State of Qatar in particular necessitated the existence of many cultures and languages in society, and that this situation, although there are positive aspects to it, there are negative aspects that should not be overlooked related to our attitude towards these languages and cultures.
He stressed the importance of the role of the family and the mother in raising children and teaching them the Arabic language properly, and the importance of simplifying their education in accordance with modern methods that desire to learn the mother tongue.
Deep traces.
For his part, Abdul Aziz Al-Subaie, Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the World Organization for the Protection of the Arabic Language, former Minister of Education, who was also hosted by the Council, called for the intervention of the competent authorities to modify the course of teaching the Arabic language through practical measures, stressing that governmental and non-governmental bodies are responsible for the implementation of the law.
Dr Imad Abdullatif, Professor of Rhetoric and Discourse Analysis at Qatar University, said: “Campaigns in support of the Arabic language are important at various levels in our Arab world, putting the challenges it faces at the heart of public debate and providing an opportunity to understand the major risks it faces in a world that is steadily moving towards a global dominance of the English language. ”
Abdullatif adds that these campaigns also gain importance from their role in clarifying the fact that the dangers faced by the Arabic language have profound implications for the future of Arabs, as the voluntary abandonment of the mother tongue and the adoption of English as a language of thought, communication and writing literally means a total break with the Arab identity with its values, ideals and heritage.
He explains that the child not only acquires English language skills, but subconsciously imbues with values, ethics and beliefs rooted within the language, adding: “Wherever we turn our faces we will find various traces of the conflict of identities with linguistic roots. ”
A remarkable paradox.
Professor of rhetoric and discourse analysis at Qatar University pointed out that the Arab Mashreq lived for a long time without radical problems in language politics compared to some countries of the Arab Maghreb, which suffered from the penetration of the language of the colonialist coercion and authoritarianism, as was the case in Algeria.
“But over the past two decades, a remarkable paradox has emerged that deserves widespread scholarly, societal and political attention: some Levantine countries have chosen to adopt the language of former colonialists voluntarily, because of the distorted claims of globalization and the dreams of mimicking the Western model of life. ”
Abdul Latif believes that Arab societies will suffer many crises due to the turbulence of language policies, the effects of which will not only be limited to the field of communication, but will extend to various aspects of society, some of which may have a radical impact on their future.
In conclusion, he expressed the hope that the campaigns calling for the support of the Arabic language will be an opportunity for quiet reflection and thorough research of local and regional language policies in the Arab world.
In January 2019, the Emir of Qatar, Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, issued a law on the protection of the Arabic language, stipulating that all governmental and non-governmental bodies must protect and support this language in all activities and events, and use it in meetings and discussions and in visual, audio or readable advertisements.
Annually, the world celebrates World Arabic Language Day on 18 December, the anniversary of the United Nations General Assembly ’ s decision to adopt Arabic as one of the official languages of the world body.
Source: The Island
About this story
Arabic poetry and literature constitute one of the most prominent interests of Mauritanians, and a pillar of folklore and heritage.
In some parts of the capital Nouakchott is the phenomenon of poetry sessions that bring together tasters of poetry and lovers of the Arabic language.
The French magazine L ’ Obs met the philosopher and professor of Arab philosophy, Jean-Baptiste Brunet, to talk about the challenges that the monthly open meetings of the general public organized by the Institut du Monde Arabe in Paris might raise.
Published On 14 / 10 / 2021
After years of debate over the status of the Arabic language in educational circles in Algeria, official institutions and civil society activists are trying to launch initiatives that encourage the presence of the Arabic language in public life, especially in technical sciences.
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The Russian language is considered a key component of Russian cultural identity, and the government prioritizes its protection and promotion, with over 30 official languages recognized and supported by the state.

The potential consequences of language purification policies for minority languages and language speakers can be significant, including the loss of linguistic diversity and cultural identity.

Title:

Content: - A plus A.
Yousef bin Trad Al Saadoun
The depletion and gradual disappearance of languages has become an issue of concern to the world, given its serious consequences for the disappearance of identities and the international cultural diversity of which language is the main base.
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ’ s (UNESCO) publication, “A Decade to Prevent the Disappearance of 3,000 Languages, ” showed that of the 7,000 languages currently spoken in the world, 6,700 are under threat, with 3,000 likely to disappear before the end of the century, with an average of one every two weeks.
The Arabic language is an important pillar of human cultural diversity, it is: the language of the Holy Quran, and one of the richest languages in vocabulary spoken by more than 450 million people.
To consolidate their position among the world ’ s languages, the Arab countries have made efforts on the international scene out of pride in their great language.
On December 18, 1973, the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution 3190 to adopt Arabic as the official language of the General Assembly and its subsidiary bodies.
She has also established centers to spread her learning across the globe, such as the King Salman International Arabic Language Academy.
Despite the importance of these international efforts, the Arabic language is in dire need of stronger patronage at home.
It faces obstacles and inaction from some of its people, and multiple external arrows that seek to marginalize it and eat away at its functions in Arab societies, thus fearing the threat to its existence.
Some of the manifestations of the suffering experienced by the Arabic language in its homelands:
Teaching curricula in foreign languages (English and French), and attracting international schools, depriving young people of receiving education in their mother tongue.
The intensity of the presentation of programs and films in foreign languages to the Arab public and private media, especially directed at children.
Requirements of proficiency in foreign languages for employment in public and private institutions, and omitting the importance of the requirement of mastering the Arabic language in writing and speaking.
The affliction of some elites, official, social, cultural, media and expatriate families, who exalt all that is Arabic, and boast of using foreign terminology.
The complacency of governments and individuals in protecting the Arabic language by allowing the adoption of foreign languages in: seminars, conferences, lectures, media and advertising, and the adoption of foreign names for shops, companies, events, initiatives and private and public projects.
So much contempt for the mother tongue that foreign terms are written in Arabic letters.
The absence of effective official bodies competent to assume the tasks of protecting the Arabic language, and the absence of deterrent sanctions.
Limited effective community engagement to protect the national language.
Since language is the anchor of the identity of peoples, the cohesion of their unity, the link between the past, the present and the future, without it no nation will realize who it is?
And where did it come from?
It will not be able to clearly define the future of its tracks.
The lessons of history prove that there is no survival for a nation whose people have abandoned their language.
Therefore, the Arab countries must realize that their continuation depends on their adherence to their Arabic language, as the loss of religion, identity and entity is lost, and the languages and cultures of other nations dominate the coming generations and subject them to their subordination and domination.
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with its wise leadership with determination and zeal for Arab identity, deserves to unite the Arab nation and document their cohesion, through the formulation of an initiative to protect the Arabic language and its adoption at the next Arab summit to be hosted by Riyadh.
It may be appropriate for such an initiative to include the following elements:
1.
Strengthen the tendency of the Arab peoples to respect and defend their national language, and intensify media programs in support of this goal.
2.
Obliging public and private institutions to use the Arabic language in all their dealings, documents and agreements.
3.
Teaching curricula at all levels of education in Arabic, and reducing the spread of international schools in the Arab world.
4.
Expanding the production of programs and films aimed at children in Arabic, and dubbing foreign programs and films in Arabic before their presentation in the local media.
5.
Requirement of fluency in speaking and writing in Arabic when joining public and private jobs.
6.
Establish strong bodies for the protection of the Arabic language, such as anti-corruption bodies, and equip them with legislation that ensures the implementation of deterrent sanctions for all violations committed.
7.
The imposition of the Arabic language as a fixed official language for seminars, conferences and events held on the Arab territories.
8.
Arabization of the names of all shops, companies, events, initiatives and projects in the Arab countries.
9.
Establishing civil society organizations specialized in protecting the Arabic language and supporting their activities.
10.
The one who does not have the loyalty and appreciation of his mother tongue by mastering and speaking it is not good to hope for his homeland and his nation, does not rely on him.
Conclusion:
From the words of the poet Turki bin Hamid:
Our people, do not multiply the vices.
Show me an expansion fissure.
Life is in God & apos; s hands, we will create
The right of the pastor Salah the parish
We take the risk and age, it must be Zayle.
In the wake of danger, we drink sweet fruit.
If only we had passengers.
Otherwise, our homes are ignorant.
No, no, no, no, no, no, no, no
God ’ s Spirit comes to him and gives him a silver.

Language marginalization is a global civilizational process that can lead to the loss of national identity and culture, and it is essential for governments to develop effective language policies to prevent this.

Title:

Content: All news
UNESCO said that Russia can offer the world leadership in the preservation of languages
In every bilingual and even multilingual region in Russia, an institutional infrastructure for language support has been created and is functioning, said Deputy Chairman of the Intergovernmental Council of the UNESCO Information for All Programme Yevgeny Kuzmin.
Moscow, December 16.
/ TASS /.
Russia needs to start studying the preservation of languages   of small peoples abroad, the Russian side can offer the world leadership in these issues.
This was stated on Thursday by Deputy Chairman of the Intergovernmental Council of the UNESCO program “Information for all ” Eugene Kuzmin at the forum FADN“ Language policy in the Russian Federation ”.
“We can offer the world leadership in the preservation of languages.
Russia can teach people in other countries language policy and realistic methods of preserving the languages and cultures of indigenous peoples. <... > We need to start work on studying the preservation of languages of small peoples in foreign countries and in general in interesting places, "he said.
Kuzmin noted that in Russia, as well as in the world as a whole, languages are marginalized.
“This is a global civilizational process: minority peoples are assimilated, mixed marriages, the outflow of rural population to cities and other regions, urbanization, the desire of people to get a good higher education in capitals and abroad, ” he explained.
At the same time, in every bilingual and even multilingual region in Russia, an institutional infrastructure for language support has been created and is functioning.
According to him, all institutions work well and as can prevent the marginalization of languages, contributing to their preservation and even revitalization.
"In Russia, this is happening better than in many other, if not all, multilingual countries," he added. - Although international comparative studies have not been conducted here, it can be argued that Russian language policy is one of the best, if not exemplary.
Russia can offer the world to develop criteria, parameters of language policy, criteria for its evaluation in each direction, initiate and lead such studies in order to identify the best policies and practices.
We have every opportunity in this country. ”
Kuzmin also drew attention to the UNESCO Atlas of Languages.
“It is us, not the Anglo-Saxons, who should decide at what level of danger our languages are and understand what the vitality index is, and then, judging by the atlas, we have at the same level of vulnerability the Chuvash language in Russia with 1.5 million Chuvash and the language of the Indian tribe in the United States with a population of 250 people, ” he added.
Tags

Russia's language policy is considered one of the best globally, and the country can develop criteria for evaluating language policy and lead in language policy development.

The United Nations has recognized the importance of language preservation, and the UNESCO Atlas of Languages tracks language vulnerability worldwide.

Language planning and policy are crucial for preserving linguistic diversity and promoting cultural identity, and governments must take an active role in protecting minority languages and language speakers.

Title:

Content: Confronting questions of modernity.
« Arabic Complex » discusses the formulation of language policy in Libya
Tripoli - Al Wasat Gate: Abdel Salam Al Fiqhi Saturday 12 March 2022, 01: 12 pm
The Arabic Language Academy organized, on Thursday, a seminar moderated by Dr. Mohamed Belhaj, on the concept of linguistic planning and outlined the laws and regulations related to the preservation of the Arabic language in Libya.
In his paper entitled "Planning for coexistence between languages in Libya", Dr. Mohamed Al-Aswad pointed out that there are two ancient languages in Libya, namely the Berber language now called Amazigh used by the Amazigh in Mount Nafusa, and the Tida language in southern Libya Kufra and Tibesti.
He explained that for peaceful coexistence between them, scientific research must be conducted away from fanaticism, and facilitate their writing so that learners are able to assimilate and distract them.
Linguistic Rooting
Dr. Siham Al-Hamri touched on the characteristics of Arabic as a basis for linguistic planning, starting from lexical and terminological definitions, indicating that the language planning is the way and means underline, and the dress of a scheme any make lines, and said land and country plans any make lines and borders, also because he put in his head the plan of any order he had intended.
The researcher defines it as a refined mental activity that seeks to chart the future course of language development, acquisition, structure and use through legislation, decisions, mechanisms and long-term programs that guide the behavior of its users individually and collectively in a flexible way that helps protect its construction, respect its sovereignty, enhance its functions and improve its contribution to the preservation of identity, unity and cumulative memory.
She pointed out in the context of her speech that linguistic planning is old for a long time, but the use of modern scientific and studies came recently, where the collection of the Koran in one Koran and the destruction of the rest of the Koran intervened in order to codify Arabic, and the goal of translating the books into Arabic to become the official language in Persia, Syria and Egypt.
Social organization
Linguistic planning is concerned with activities aimed at the structure and status of language, it is a science that examines the interaction between the two aspects of human behavior, namely the use of language and the social organization of behavior. Linguistic planning and policy both aim to frame the linguistic landscape in society politically and legally, arrange and organize linguistic diversity, address linguistic problems and propose and select solutions.
The researcher tends to define language policy as the actions taken by state institutions to monitor the linguistic situation and control its course, which is the enactment of constitutional and legislative articles related to the linguistic status of society, it is « activities practiced by politicians towards language and its formulation in the form of constitutional and legislative decisions, a branch of public policy ». The rights of minorities in particular, as well as the issue of identity, for example.
Features and mechanisms
Dr. Ali Aoun monitored the characteristics of Arabic self-expressive and self-informational, and described the features of its universality and mechanisms of empowerment and dissemination, while Dr. Khalifa Al-Aswad presented the results of the mixing of language policy with linguistic planning through language-related practices, which were reflected in the fields of linguistic use, "sovereign official use, education, media and Arabization."
Dr. Khalifa Al-Aswad believes that the term linguistic policy was not used in writings dealing with linguistic planning activities, and perhaps the term linguistic engineering or an expression used in the literature on the subject, citing the researcher Haugen Ban Yuri Fenraj, who was the first to use the term linguistic planning at a seminar at Columbia University in 1957.
The researcher added that Haugen defined linguistic planning in that article as all activities related to the preparation of a writing guide (grammar spelling) or the preparation of a book in grammar or a lexicon in order to guide writers and speakers of a language in a linguistically heterogeneous society.
Common Origin
Dr. Khalifa explained that the link between linguistic policy and its implementation « linguistic planning » is due to the source and the common origin, which emanated from it, their subject is related to applied linguistics and is generally interested in the study of linguistic problems.
He listed some points that can be drawn or added in the language planning section and its policy, including the reform of the language and this reflects what happened in the Turkish language when Mustafa Kemal decided to write Turkish in Latin instead of Arabic, as well as the Philippine and Chinese languages and others.
This happened to the languages of China, Indonesia, Tanzania and Zanzibar when standardizing their vocabulary, grammar and methods, after the unified language was chosen for official use, in addition to upgrading the language and developing its vocabulary as in the case of Arabic, Swedish and Italian languages.
Fatal error.
As for planning the treatment of Arabic in the media, Dr. Bashir Zagalam says in his paper that our ancestors preserved our Arabic language and strengthened it when it was weakened and the melody leaked to it, so they hastened to adjust and tighten its rules, but in the era of globalization, the danger has become many aspects and different goals, some of it comes from the lurkers from the West, Its people, who were saturated with the languages of the West, were unable to express them and boasted to speak others, and one of the most dangerous things is also the language of the media because of its orientation to the public; as the linguistic danger here is fast and deadly and spreads among all classes, including the educated class.
From the weekly issue of "The Middle East".
Dr. Ali Aoun (Center Gate)
Dr. Siham Al-Hamri (Center Gate)
Dr. Mohamed Belhaj during the opening speech of the seminar (Center Gate)
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Overall, language purification policies in Russia, Cuba, and Qatar have varying impacts on linguistic diversity and cultural identity, and it is essential to consider the potential consequences for minority languages and language speakers.

Policymakers must balance the goal of promoting national languages with the need to accommodate linguistic diversity, as seen in India's National Education Policy, which aims to promote language complementing student growth.

Title:

Content: Home » India » Never Said History Will Be Corrected via NEP; All Languages National Languages: Pradhan | Rising India Summit
1-MIN READ

Never Said History Will Be Corrected via NEP; All Languages National Languages: Pradhan | Rising India Summit

Published By: Pathikrit Sen Gupta

News18.com

Last Updated: March 29, 2023, 19:32 IST

New Delhi, India

Union education minister Dharmendra Pradhan at Network18's Rising India 2023 Summit on March 29, 2023. Pic/News18

The minister for education and skill development also said that no state is opposing NEP implementation in letter and spirit though some have political objections

There is no dispute over the National Education Policy (NEP), but four or five states have political differences on it, said Dharmendra Pradhan, minister for education and skill development and entrepreneurship, on Wednesday. Speaking at Network18’s Rising India 2023 Summit, he also added that he never said history would be corrected through NEP.

“None of the states is opposing NEP implementation in letter and spirit. Then there is the issue of Hindi. Narendra Modi is probably the first prime minister in independent India to say that all Indian languages are national languages,” he said.

Tamil, Marathi, Urdu, Gujarati, Odia, etc, are all national languages, the union minister added. “For the past 75 years in our country, languages have been kept in contradictions. NEP is saying that language should complement the growth of the student," he said. “We organised the Kashi-Tamil Sangamam for this very reason. We brought Tamil people to the Hindi heartland and promoted the civilisational link between them."

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Today the song Naatu Naatu has become very popular, said the minister. Many of us don’t understand it but we all listen to it, he added.

“I never said that history will be corrected through the National Education Policy," said Pradhan. “Through NEP, the struggles of many unknown freedom fighters will be brought to the fore. The target is that by December 2024, class 1-12 textbooks will be ready under NEP."

Education needs to be evolutionary going forward, he said. “ChatGPT has also brought challenges, apprehensions for parents…India’s education needs to fulfill global requirements," the minister added.

Read all the Latest India News here

first published:March 29, 2023, 19:25 IST
last updated:March 29, 2023, 19:32 IST

The promotion of national languages can also be achieved through language planning, as seen in Libya's efforts to preserve the Arabic language, which involves standardizing vocabulary and grammar.

Language purification policies can have strengths, such as promoting national languages and cultural identity, but they also have weaknesses, such as the potential to suppress regional languages and linguistic diversity.

Title:

Content: BJP considers all Indian languages soul of 'Bharatiyata', worthy of reverence: PM Modi

Prime Minister Narendra Modi urged BJP leaders on Friday to alert citizens about attempts being made to trigger controversies on the basis of language and asserted that the saffron party considers all Indian languages the soul of Bharatiyata Indianness and worthy of reverence.In his virtual address to a meeting of the party office-bearers here, Modi said it is the BJP that has linked Indias cultural and linguistic diversity with national pride.Giving priority to local languages in the National Education Policy manifests our commitment to all regional languages.

PTI | New Delhi | Updated: 20-05-2022 15:18 IST | Created: 20-05-2022 15:15 IST
  • Country:
  • India

Prime Minister Narendra Modi urged BJP leaders on Friday to alert citizens about attempts being made to trigger controversies on the basis of language and asserted that the saffron party considers all Indian languages the soul of ''Bharatiyata'' (Indianness) and worthy of reverence.

In his virtual address to a meeting of the party office-bearers here, Modi said it is the BJP that has linked India's cultural and linguistic diversity with national pride.

''Giving priority to local languages in the National Education Policy manifests our commitment to all regional languages. The BJP considers Indian languages the soul of Bharatiyata and the link to a better future for the country,'' he said.

''I want to mention this especially because attempts have been made in the recent past to create new controversies on the basis of language. We have to constantly alert the people of the country about this,'' the prime minister said.

He asserted that the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) sees a reflection of the Indian culture in every Indian language.

It considers every Indian language worthy of reverence, Modi added.

His remarks came amid allegations by several regional parties, mostly from south India, that the Modi government is trying to give primacy to Hindi at the cost of regional languages.

Recently, the BJP's rivals had latched on to a row over languages sparked by actor Ajay Devgn's claim that Hindi is the national language. As the controversy spiraled, politicians and film personalities were among those who spoke up to say Hindi is like any other language in India and not the national language.

(This story has not been edited by Devdiscourse staff and is auto-generated from a syndicated feed.)

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Content: Chen Po-wei insisted on using the "mother tongue" in the Legislative Yuan to question Minister of Defense Qiu Kuo-cheng, who believed that language is a tool of communication, and that communication is more efficient if the Mandarin language is used during questioning.
Chen Po-wei countered with "Duck Ba".
On the whole, however, Chen ’ s performance seems to have hit the nail mark this time, partly because the issue he is asking is not related to the local language, but rather the issue of defense diplomacy, which is not easy to express in the mother tongue.
In addition, at a time when the removal of Q is boiling over, Chen Po-wei chose to make a big move to ask questions in Hokkien before he was removed, which inevitably makes people feel that he is holding up the basic routine by playing a calculated role in intensifying the antagonism between the linguistic groups.
Even though it has been nearly two weeks since the end of the incident, the discussion is mostly about the pros and cons of the pan-political saliva attack and defense, the issue of Taiwan's language ecology is rarely addressed.
There is a historical background to the sensitivity of language in Taiwan. In 1937, during the Japanese occupation period, Japan promoted the Imperial Nationalization Movement and implemented the "National Language Movement" (in this case, the national language refers to Japanese), which prohibited the use of Taiwanese mother tongue and Chinese.
In order to eliminate Japan's influence in Taiwan, the Nationalist government began to vigorously promote the "Mandarin Movement" (Peking dialect) around 1956, and it was not abolished until 1987 after the lifting of martial law.
More than 30 years of language policy, resulting in language inequality and language loss.
To date, at least 10 of the 26 indigenous languages have died and four are in danger. In addition, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) assessment, Taiwanese Hokkien is a “definitely endangered ” language, while Hakka has entered the stage of“ seriously endangered ”.
If Mandarin had not been established as an official language at that time, would Taiwan ’ s diverse dialects have developed in a balanced way?
The answer is “not necessarily. ”
Language is not only a tool of communication, it is also a carrier of culture, representing the culture, historical memory and ethnic identity of the people who use the language.
Therefore, even if there is no language policy involved, when two or more languages meet, it is inevitable that political power will be strong.
Power competition between ethnic groups grows, which in turn affects the language and natural ecology.
For example, the so-called national melting pot, respect for multicultural America, although there is no political force to set the official language, but as everyone knows, English is the high-level powerful language of the United States.
In fact, in the United States, the phenomenon of "double language" (Diglossia) is obvious, black English (AAVE), Hispanic English (Chicano English), etc., is generally regarded as a low-level language, representing low education, informal language, or low social class language.
According to various studies, in the United States, those who speak a recognized ethnic or regional dialect of English have lower wages and employment rates than those who speak mainstream English.
So, if you set multiple languages as official languages, can you solve the problem of double language inequality? The answer is still “not necessarily ”.
In order to escape the influence of Spanish colonization, the Bolivian Constitution stipulates that the languages of all ethnic groups are official languages, and a total of 36 official languages are recognized, making it the country with the largest number of official languages in the world.
Under the country ’ s 1994 education reform program, schools were required to teach these 36 official languages.
However, the reality is difficult to do, Spanish is still the most powerful language in Bolivia, and many ethnic groups are still regarded as poor, low education, and low social class identity.
Being able to speak high-level Spanish is a lifeline for the underprivileged, who often disguise their ethnic identity to work in cities, so that even though many ethnic groups have been promoted to official languages, the problem of extinction has not been improved.
If setting the official language and language bullying are not necessarily directly related, how can the phenomenon of high-level and low-level double language in Taiwan be improved? Some reflections are as follows:
1. Language policy must be multilingual.
Any language policy needs to learn from history through careful planning and matching of experts and scholars to avoid repeating the mistakes of the past.
Because resources and human learning power are limited, when one language is blessed, it means that other languages may be crowded out.
Although the government is actively promoting the bilingual policy by 2030, it is fully committed to promoting English. Although it is well-intentioned, many linguists have solemnly warned about the dangers of promoting English.
For example, Anne Pakir refers to English as the “killer language ”, while John M. Swales compares it to Tyrannosaurus because it is too powerful to destroy any weak language that coexists with it.
Once the government smashes into a large amount of resources, if there are no good supporting measures, I am afraid it will become the current disaster of Taiwan's language ecology.
2. Strengthen the "language attitude" cultivation.
At present, the government's bilingual policy is extremely narrow, and almost all of them are aimed at strengthening English skills and improving English proficiency.
Very little is known about the "language attitude".
However, the attitude of the language user determines the vitality of the language.
In Hebrew, for example, its revival illustrates the importance of language attitudes.
The revival of the Hebrew language in just 25 years, more than two thousand years after its death, created an unprecedented miracle in the history of the language ’ s revival, and this dramatic miracle was the result of the Jewish nation ’ s strong nation-building, which led to an attitude of allegiance and glory to the Hebrew language that succeeded in bringing it back to life.
In other words, the attitude of the language user is the key factor in determining the vitality of the language.
Taiwanese people generally have a foreign mentality, value English, ignore the mother tongue, such a sense of linguistic inferiority, it is easy to speed up the loss of minority mother tongue after the promotion of bilingual policy.
In addition, if the status of the local language between the declining attitude, with the political parties in turn to promote localization, the Fukien language has become a label of love for Taiwan, the sword of transformation and justice, and the soft spot of political enemies, the Fukien language has become a tool of political struggle.
Perhaps because of this, Chen Po-wei will choose to deliberately use the Minnan language to single out the foreign provincial defense minister before the removal case, and play this big show of love for his mother tongue and Taiwan.
The author believes that positive "language attitude" education, in addition to strengthening the ethnic group's sense of pride and centripetal force for their mother tongue, also includes the inclusiveness of other languages.
If we oppose the practice of the Chinese language to suppress the native language, then we should not now politically manipulate the native language and maliciously create language conflicts and ethnic conflicts.
The means of retribution for language hegemony will not only not promote ethnic integration, but will only deepen ethnic hatred and division.
If Taiwan wants to start from the wrong language policy of the past, it should understand the past language history, reflect on learning from history, and not blindly promote language policy, but also pay attention to the next generation of language attitude education, families and schools to help children understand the value of mother tongue, respect different mother tongue use groups, in order to really promote a pluralistic and multilingual society.
(The author is an associate professor of English at National Chengchi University)
※ The above statements do not represent the position of Wangzhong Media Group ※
# Language # Native # English # Official Language # Attitude

In conclusion, language purification policies are complex and multifaceted, requiring careful consideration of the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches, and policymakers must prioritize the preservation of linguistic diversity and cultural identity.

Title:

Content: The Executive Yuan should conduct a comprehensive review of the national language strategy.
Hung Tsz Wai
The United Nations World Mother Language Day (2 / 21) is dedicated to preserving the diversity of human languages and civilizations.
The Executive Yuan should take this opportunity to review the national language strategy, abolish discriminatory terms such as “Hokkien ”, and review the unjust policy of using Chinese as a lingua franca for more than 70 years.
A few days ago, the Ministry of Education joined hands with the Hakka Committee, the Indigenous Peoples' Association and the Ministry of Culture to hope that this generation will try to save their mother tongue. (Photo)
First of all, due to the autonomy of nomenclature of the language group, we should respect the "Taiwanese dialect" idiom.
The right of self-identification and naming of the various ethnic groups in Taiwan is a fundamental right that should not be denied. For example, Atayal and Bunun both mean “real people ”, and this claim does not negate that no other language group is human, or that only they can“ represent real people. ”
Nor should it be absurd to ask Atayal to change its name, otherwise it will hurt other people's feelings, or condemn its chauvinism.
Therefore, the Ministry of Culture should not infringe on basic rights and change "Taiwanese" to "Taiwanese Taiwanese". As for the fear that calling Taiwanese "Taiwanese" will undermine the representation of other Taiwanese languages, it is clear that the outdated language concepts of the European nation-states in the 19th century (French should speak French, German should be a single country) are not in keeping with the trend of the times.
The reason why the Taiwanese language is called "Taiwanese dialect" has its historical tradition to be respected.
The South Island of Taiwan is rich in languages, but not all of them can communicate with each other.
In contrast, Taiwanese was the mother tongue of 82% of Taiwan ’ s population and the lingua franca of 87% of the population (1915 Governor-General ’ s Survey of National Situation).
The name "Taiwan University" has its own background.
Taiwan University is naturally different from "Taiwan's universities" and cannot represent all universities in Taiwan, but it would be unthinkable to change its name to "Taiwan University".
Similarly, the traditional Taiwanese word "Taiwanese" has its own historical tradition, as exemplified by Lin Mao-sheng's "New Taiwanese Language Showcase."
Taiwanese is neither equivalent to "the language of Taiwan" nor can it represent all the languages of Taiwan, but it would be a failure of the Ministry of Culture to change the name of "Taiwan Taiwanese" without regard to cultural traditions.
Second, the Ministry of Education should abolish discriminatory terms such as "Hokkien language" during the authoritarian period.
In 1946, the term "Minnan" and "Mountain" were used in Taiwan to promote Chinese as a "national language".
Chinese speakers often have more job opportunities than Hakka or Taiwanese speakers.
For example, Taiwanese teachers who have graduated from the Japanese Teacher Model have been well trained, but they are frustrated because they do not speak Chinese.
On the other hand, veterans of Chiang Kai-shek ’ s army can go to school to teach as principals simply because they can speak Chinese. This “linguistic privilege ” is grossly unfair.
Chinese is the ceiling of the resurgence of native languages in Taiwan.
Do not break the ceiling, only strive for one or two more classes per week in school, mother-tongue education will not be successful.
Many parents began to question why they had to pay taxes to eliminate their mother tongue and let their children learn the Chinese of the colonists.
Language equality can only be achieved through the promotion of the "English and mother tongue" bilingual policy.
After the implementation of the National Language Law, the Ministry of Education still uses "Chinese textbooks" to denote that "Chinese language teaching materials" are already in violation of the law.
It is worthy of a court investigation.
Finally, accelerating the implementation of the bilingual policy of “English and Native Language ” will enable democratic pluralism and open knowledge to be maintained.
My research team points out that Xi Jinping ’ s global strategy includes monopolizing the interpretation of Chinese language knowledge, making Chinese people around the world vulnerable to the emotional call and value discourse of “great national rejuvenation. ”
On the one hand, freedom of speech has been curtailed since the establishment of the Communist Party of China.
On the other hand, China also has an oligopoly of international Chinese publishing and knowledge production.
A large number of texts are censored (or self-censored) by the CCP in a way that is consistent with Communist ideology, inevitably undermining the originality and quality of knowledge of Chinese. The New York Times points out that chronic censorship has deprived a new generation of young Chinese of their ability to express themselves.
The Voice of America also found that ChatGPT, trained in contemporary Chinese texts, had made favorable statements in response to issues such as the Tiananmen Square incident.
The appearance of Baidu Ernie Bot in the future will only bring the search results closer to the tone of Xinhua.
In the long run, Chinese civilization will be trapped in a closed information loop and become stagnant.
Taiwanese people do not speak Chinese.
In the 1920s, immigrants from Zhangzhou, Quan, Chao and Shantou gave up their native identity and created a new "Taiwanese" ethnic group. However, with the expansion of the concept of "Taiwanese", the new residents' Vietnamese and Indonesian languages have enriched Taiwan's linguistic diversity.
Therefore, in order to maintain the value of democratic pluralism and open knowledge, Taiwan should replace "English" with "Chinese" as the lingua franca, so as to connect the brain's knowledge network with a broader global knowledge system, so as to enhance the competitiveness of the knowledge economy and immunity to information warfare.
As for the unjust legacy of the authoritarian era, "Chinese is the national language", it is time for a comprehensive review.
Associate Researcher, Institute of European and American Studies, Academia Sinica, and Research Fellow, Center for Advanced Research in Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University
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