Russia has implemented a law requiring Krasnodar businesses to translate their names into Russian by September 1.

The law aims to protect the Russian language from foreign attacks and a government commission is compiling usage rules.

Countries like Ukraine, Italy, and Egypt have implemented language purification policies to promote their national languages and restrict foreign languages.

Ukraine has restricted Russian in official settings, promoting Ukrainian as the sole language in state institutions.

Italy has drafted a bill to ban English in public communications, fining violators up to 100,000 euros to promote Italian language and culture.

Egypt is set to ratify a bill requiring shop owners to use Arabic on signs to preserve national identity.

Language purification policies can lead to language extinction, as seen in Taiwan where over 10 indigenous languages have died and four are endangered.

Promoting a single language can lead to language inequality and the decline of indigenous languages.

Language policies can impact national identity and citizenship, as seen in Ukraine where Russian may disappear.

Language academies help shape language policies, preserve linguistic diversity, and promote language purification.

Russia's language purification policy has been criticized as an attempt to distance the country from Western influence.

The policy may lead to language extinction, as seen with indigenous languages in Russia.

Countries like France have implemented language purification policies to regulate borrowings and promote their national language.

Policies must be implemented in a way that promotes linguistic diversity and preserves national languages.

Language purification policies can have significant economic, social, and cultural implications.

Russia has implemented a law requiring Krasnodar businesses to translate their names into Russian by September 1.

Title:

Content: In Russia, they are determined to protect the language from excessive saturation with borrowings
The Russian language is one of the most popular in Eurasia, and attempts to abolish our culture have failed.
© Video: TRK "Zvezda" © Photo: TRK "Zvezda"
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Store, Department, Home and other foreign words in the names of shops, cafes and restaurants in Krasnodar soon will not be.
The Cuban capital decided to abandon all foreign names.
The Cuban authorities obliged entrepreneurs to translate business into Russian.
“A sign in a foreign language or using transliteration or a sign in Russian has a big difference.
In part of the fact that 100% of our population can read, understand the sign in Russian.
And many, by ignorance and age, do not even understand what is written on these signs, ” said the chief architect of Krasnodar Artem Salamatin.
So far, the business has been given time until September 1.
But many entrepreneurs are ready to change now.
“Everything will be in Russian.
We will translate the site into Russian.
We'll change everything.
With pleasure, ” entrepreneur Hovhannes Hovhannisyan shared.
Words borrowed from foreign languages became an integral part of Russian many centuries ago.
Massive in our speech, they appeared in different iconic historical periods.
For example, the Mongol invasion.
And after the Patriotic War of 1812 - there were a lot of gallicisms, that is, French words.
Now in conversations predominate borrowing from English.
“We began to use foreign words very actively in areas where such activity had not been observed before.
First of all, it is the public sphere.
Social sphere.
Where actually came a lot of foreign words ”, – said the Chairman of the Association of teachers of literature and Russian language Lyudmila Dudova.
Russia is now determined to protect the language from excessive saturation with borrowings.
President Vladimir Putin recently signed a law “on mandatory observance of the norms of the modern Russian language when using it as a state language. ”
What specific rules are we talking about?
It's not clear yet.
They are compiled by a special government commission.
“The normative dictionary of the Russian language will be a single consistent comprehensive publication, which will be formed on the basis of dictionaries of the Russian language.
Interpretive, spelling, ” explained Deputy Minister of Education of the Russian Federation Tatiana Vasilyeva.
Thus, foreign words should disappear as much as possible from all official documents.
In addition, officials should not use anglicisms and other borrowings during public speeches and generally avoid them in their speech.
“There are so many wonderful and beautiful words in the Russian language.
But why then instead of the word mentor we say coach.
Well, it doesn't sound.
It seems to me that we need to get rid of such words that are imposed, ” said Lyudmila Skakovskaya, Deputy Chairman of the Federation Council Committee on Science, Education and Culture.
This law, according to officials, should protect the Russian language from attacks from abroad, where they have long been trying to abolish all Russian.
But now these sentiments have intensified even more.
The Kiev regime has long declared war on our culture and heritage.
Throughout the country, the monument to Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin is being demolished, because it is he who is considered the creator of the modern literary Russian language.
And it was the language issue that became one of the main reasons for the bloody confrontation in the East of Ukraine in 2014.
Residents of Donbass then did not agree with the nationalists, they did not refuse the Russian language.
“They use the term underdogs.
All these years, when the Maidan happened, they etched Russian in the Donbass, for them it is a symbol of communication.
The Russian world is hysterical.
What connects the Russian world?
The Russian language, ” said political scientist Yuri Svetov.
The fact that our language and culture need protection is also said by the leaders of other neighboring states.
During the autumn meeting of the heads of the CIS countries in Astana, the President of Kazakhstan Kassym-Jomart Tokayev called on his colleagues to create an organization for the protection of the Russian language.
“Our idea is to create an international organization in the image and likeness of the UN.
Using the positive experience of Francophonie.
The headquarters of which is located in Paris, ” said President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Kassym-Jomart Tokayev.
Rossotrudnichestvo recently conducted its own study abroad, which showed that openly Russophobic sentiments are present only among politicians.
But ordinary people continue to willingly learn our language and culture.
According to the United Nations, Russian is spoken by 258 million people worldwide.
It is one of the most popular in Eurasia, and attempts to abolish our culture have failed.
Abroad, Dostoevsky, Pushkin and other Russian classics are also read.
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The law aims to protect the Russian language from foreign attacks and a government commission is compiling usage rules.

Countries like Ukraine, Italy, and Egypt have implemented language purification policies to promote their national languages and restrict foreign languages.

Title:

Content: A conflict of another kind.
Russian in Ukraine is the language of Tolstoy, Pushkin or Putin?
Restrictions on the use of Russian are focused on place names, shops, government transactions and others, which began after the events of the "Orange Revolution" in 2005, and strengthened after the so-called "Freedom and Dignity" revolution in 2014, to include the banning of Russian television channels and websites.
The use of the Russian language is one of the most controversial and hottest issues on the political level between Russia and Ukraine, as Kiev refuses to be an official language, and Moscow sees its prevention as "persecution of the rights of citizens and minorities."
On the pretexts of language prohibition, persecution of nationals, and so on, many of Russia ’ s controversial political decisions have been built, from the annexation of Crimea in 2014, to the recognition of the so-called “Donetsk and Luhansk People ’ s Republics ” in 2022, to the launch of war on Ukraine.
How do ordinary Ukrainians view this?
Do politicians share this debate about “prevention and formality ”?
No restrictions on talking.
The traveler of eastern Ukraine to the west is well aware of the importance of this for the population, most of their conversation in Russian in the regions of the east, while the picture changes in the mixed areas of the center, such as the capital Kiev, and becomes completely different in the regions of the west.
The situation may be different in some villages and small towns, even in eastern regions where Ukrainian is more prominent than Russian, with a special dialect that almost combines the two languages together, as are villages in western Ukraine that have also been affected by Polish or the languages of neighboring countries.
But the point is that the debate in these parts is absent, there are no restrictions on talking.
Today, although some 7 million Ukrainians have been internally displaced from eastern regions to Ukrainian-speaking western regions, this is hardly controversial or sensitive.
In the city of Lviv, for example, Russian is heard everywhere today, hotels declare that their employees speak Ukrainian, Russian and English, and to further “resolve ” this, it seems, the mayor of Lviv, Andrey Sadovy, called on residents to respect and help“ Russian-speaking Ukrainian citizens. ”
Where are the restrictions and controversies?
Restrictions on the use of Russian are focused on place names, shops, government transactions and others, and these restrictions emerged and began after the events of the "Orange Revolution" in 2005, and strengthened after the so-called "Freedom and Dignity" revolution in 2014, to include the banning of Russian TV channels and websites.
These “restrictions ” also include the inevitability that Ukrainian is the only language in all state institutions and transactions, and basic in state universities, schools and kindergartens.
What has the “state ” achieved?
This debate raises the question of why Ukraine is holding on to Ukrainian as a single official language despite its diverse population, banning Russian channels and websites, and what has this “Ukrainization ” achieved over the past few years?
In an interview with Al Jazeera Net, Professor of Languages at the Academy of Culture and Lifestyle in Lviv, Solomiya Bok, outlined the causes and consequences in several points: first, the fight against disinformation, where she sees language as a weapon of Russia to spread “lies and propaganda ” in the country.
Here, she cites the separatist movement witnessed in the eastern regions in 2014, and then the size of the popular rejection and resistance that Russia met in those areas during the 2022 war, although until today it is Russian-speaking.
“There is a huge difference between yesterday ’ s Russia and today ’ s Russia.
For many, it is no longer the language of history, common art and reformist writers who have called for peace, such as Tolstoy and Pushkin, but the language of disinformation and an aggressor occupier named Putin.
The second reason is "the revival of national identity and feelings", as Bok considers that the focus on Ukrainian pushed Ukrainians to adhere more to the specificity of their identity, culture and art, and revived their sense of patriotism and the will to defend the homeland.
In Ukraine there are so many nationalities and minorities, and so many schools and universities of their own, that since the time of the Soviet Union, there have been in every city regular specialized public schools, teaching languages and cultures more intensively, such as Russian, French, Arabic, Chinese, Spanish and others.
Therefore, I do not accept the idea that there is persecution targeting Russian speakers, the second most widely used language in the country. ”
How do Ukrainians view their languages?
In Lviv today, due to the large number of displaced people, you can get a lot of samples and opinions on this subject, given that it is a western city, and a large proportion of its residents are "eastern".
Lilia, a resident of Kharkiv in the east of the country, tells Al Jazeera Net (in Russian): “Like most of my generation, I studied in Russian, while my daughter studied in Ukrainian.
"I often feel that she is more Ukrainian than I am, more attached to the country, more reactive to its events."
"It looks very differently at its identity, its history, its future, and I think we were missing out on that fact because we were programmers and mentors, during the Soviet period and after."
In Lviv, driver Andrei wrote: "I do not speak Russian and do not support the enemy's language" and told Al Jazeera Net: "I respect those who speak to me in Russian, and they respect this position of me.
We understand each other, of course, but I think the policy of the state is correct, that we have to turn completely towards Ukrainian, officially and popularly, and that future generations will be. ”
Comprehensive Respect Initiative
Because language and the rights of citizens are among the most contentious issues between Russia and Ukraine, and one of the most prominent topics on the negotiating tables currently between the two sides in the midst of war, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky apparently launched an initiative a few days ago to sign an agreement that brings together all neighboring countries, entitled “Respect for Language and History. ”
According to observers, Zelensky ’ s initiative could ease the debate on the issue between Moscow and Kiev, as well as between the latter and Budapest, which occasionally raises the issue of the rights of its minorities in the southwestern region of Zakarpattia.
"Ukrainian will remain the only official language of the country," Foreign Minister Dmytro Koulipa said.
Source: The Island

Title:

Content: Italian govt drafts bill that seeks to ban English language

RomeEdited By: C KrishnasaiUpdated: Apr 01, 2023, 03:15 PM IST

Calling for the Italian language to be protected and nurtured, the draft bill claims that English “demeans and mortifies” Italians, and called on all public and private bodies to use the “language of Dante” to promote their goods and services, reports Reuters news agency. Photograph:(Reuters)

Story highlights

The bill, which has been drafted by lawmakers of the nationalist Brothers of Italy party, aims to promote Italian language and imposes a fine of up to 100,000 euros ($108,750) if found violating the rule

Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni’s party has proposed legislation that seeks to prohibit public and private bodies in the country from using foreign terms, especially English, in official communications.

The bill, which has been drafted by lawmakers of the nationalist Brothers of Italy party, aims to promote Italian language and imposes a fine of up to 100,000 euros ($108,750) if found violating the rule.

In order to become a law, the bill has to be approved by both houses of parliament. But there was no indication of when this might happen.

“It is not just a matter of fashion, as fashions pass, but Anglomania (has) repercussions for society as a whole,” said the text of the draft bill.

Calling for the Italian language to be protected and nurtured, the draft bill claims that English “demeans and mortifies” Italians, and called on all public and private bodies to use the “language of Dante” to promote their goods and services, reports Reuters news agency.

The draft also specifies that all job related applications, including names and acronyms, should be spelt out in Italian, with foreign words allowed only if they are impossible to translate.

The bill said the widespread use of English in Europe was “even more negative and paradoxical” given that Britain had quit the European Union.

The draft bill comes at a time when the incumbent far-right government takes measures to what it calls preserving the local culture.

Recently, it banned the use of laboratory-produced food to safeguard the country’s agri-food heritage.

When the Brothers of Italy party took office last October, it added the English term “Made in Italy” to the name of the industry minister, while Meloni occasionally drops foreign words into her speeches.

(With inputs from agencies)

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Title:

Content: Secretary of Al-Khalidin Complex for Sunrise: No nation in the world excels in its language except Arabs - Sunrise Gate
Tuesday 7 December 2021 11: 24 AM Cairo Cairo 24 °
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Secretary of Al-Khalidin Complex for Sunrise: There is no nation in the world that exaggerates its language except Arabs
Bassent Sharqawi
Published on: Tuesday 7 December 2021 - 11: 10 AM | Last updated on Tuesday 7 December 2021 - 11: 10 AM
We call the series Arabic.
Foreign languages dominate the population.
We don ’ t fight learning foreign languages, we insist on it.
* Major violations in advertising and we will impose the writing of signs in Arabic
* The law provides a grace period for correcting the situation
* The law preserves the national and Arab identity
"We will reverse the deterioration in the media.
And we see the wrong headlines of major newspapers.
* Not all Axis ads should be in either colloquial or English
The House of Representatives is preparing to ratify the “Protection of the Arabic Language ” bill submitted by the Arabic Language Academy (Al-Khaldeen Complex) in Cairo, in a move to preserve the prestige of the Arabic language and national identity.
Among the most important provisions of the law is the obligation of shop owners to change the signs of their shops to Arabic to avoid paying a fine, and the law requires government agencies to conduct an Arabic language test for applicants to fill government jobs.
"Al-Shorouk" interviewed Dr. Abdel Hamid Madkour, Secretary General of the Arabic Language Academy in Cairo (Al-Khaldeen Complex), to identify the most important objectives guaranteed by the draft law to protect the Arabic language and see its application in the fields of education, advertising and media in general.
Madkour says that this is not the first time that a law has been issued to protect the Arabic language, as previous but partial attempts to control road signs were made in 1957 and then in 2008 a law was issued through the People ’ s Assembly, which also relates to signs and the Council ’ s supervision of the implementation of this law.
“The aims of the law. ”
Gross violations in the media and advertising
Madkour pointed out that three years ago, the Academy considered submitting a draft law on controlling the ways of using the language, and seeks to achieve a number of objectives, including instilling the value of belonging to the Arabic language, because of the factors it faces to reduce them, especially among students of foreign languages and foreign universities where study is imposed in foreign languages other than Arabic.
He continued: "Everything is taught in Arabic except the study of the Arabic language, and it is not fulfilling his right, instead of studying history in a foreign language, which makes the student know the history of Western nations more than the history of his country."
The second goal among the objectives of the law is to preserve the national and Arab identity between the land, language, place, and religion in some cases, explaining that the Arabic language is the one that connects the people to their Arab homeland, and without it or if abandoned, the Arab contract will break down and turn into separate tribes as in the Old Testament.
Madkour added that the language must be controlled in the areas of education, and in life in general such as international conferences and forums: "There is no nation in the world that excels in its language except Arabs unfortunately, and the most prominent example is when America stipulated on Japan to speak English after the launch of nuclear bombs on it preferred the Emperor of Japan to die for speaking his people other than Japanese."
He pointed out that the third goal of the law is to correct the deterioration that is happening in the media and advertising together, expressing: "We see some major newspaper headlines with linguistic errors and this is not true, as well as administrative speeches and official statements, in addition to the appearance of many in the media who do not speak ordinary Arabic and even unqualified for decent speech.
Madkour pointed out that there are large excesses in the field of advertising in Egypt, where he stressed the need to have shops and ads in Arabic, and if the advertisement is for a foreign company, it must write its address in the language you love but under the title of the Arabic language large, and in a smaller pint and this is what the law calls for and in line with major companies that have a history and fear for their brand.
He continued: "Unfortunately, it is not right that all the ads on the axis of the city of the sixth of October are either colloquial or in English, and very little of them in Arabic and maybe it happened by chance, and sometimes I read in some newspapers ads in full English and here I wonder who addressed this announcement and we in an Arab country?!"
He says that the law requires the use of the Arabic language easy series and not the language of dictionaries, and that foreign languages should not be imposed on the people, expressing: "The people are not charged with speaking English instead of Arabic until we write ads in English or go to the bank or national airports to extract papers in English. It requires a linguistic auditor in each institution to check and correct, so that the language is written correctly.
As for scientific forums and research, Madkour said: "The service of translations must be provided to the members of the community, so that the participants understand what is being said, because the imposition of a specific language to speak is an occupation of minds and a domination of the people."
He pointed out that the law gives grace periods to amend and correct all the aforementioned situations, and then take some due measures.
"We do not fight the learning of foreign languages, but we demand and insist on learning and taking care of them to benefit from foreign scientific knowledge preceded by all, and to bring together the Hassanis to learn Arabic and foreign together, and that the Arabic language is the basic in teaching subjects that there is no scientific need to teach in English, such as geography and history.
Madkour called for attention to translations of other languages into Arabic to increase the sum of knowledge and to find those who want to learn references that help them to understand information, as well as courses must be studied in Arabic and Arabic, to increase understanding and achievement.
He stressed that the law does not fight speaking the colloquial dialect used among the people in public life: "We cannot go to the vegetable seller and talk to him in classical Arabic, which brings us into a wave of sarcasm similar to what was embodied in the old Arab cinema films and some plays, but also some of our homes should not turn to speak only English or schools oblige students to speak a foreign language."
"There are countries that have preceded us in protecting the Arabic language.
Dr. Madkour concluded: “We must cherish our Arabic language because the language is the identity of the human being, the English citizen cherishes his English and the German cherishes German, even the Frenchman when a passerby asks him in English does not respond because he wants everyone to speak French inside his homeland. ”
He continued: "Egypt must be a leader in the field of protecting the Arabic language, which was preceded by some Arab countries, because it is the most scientific and literary country and has a great position and must lead all Arabs in protecting their language, which we hope to achieve by the new law."
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Ukraine has restricted Russian in official settings, promoting Ukrainian as the sole language in state institutions.

Italy has drafted a bill to ban English in public communications, fining violators up to 100,000 euros to promote Italian language and culture.

Egypt is set to ratify a bill requiring shop owners to use Arabic on signs to preserve national identity.

Language purification policies can lead to language extinction, as seen in Taiwan where over 10 indigenous languages have died and four are endangered.

Title:

Content: Chen Po-wei insisted on using the "mother tongue" in the Legislative Yuan to question Minister of Defense Qiu Kuo-cheng, who believed that language is a tool of communication, and that communication is more efficient if the Mandarin language is used during questioning.
Chen Po-wei countered with "Duck Ba".
On the whole, however, Chen ’ s performance seems to have hit the nail mark this time, partly because the issue he is asking is not related to the local language, but rather the issue of defense diplomacy, which is not easy to express in the mother tongue.
In addition, at a time when the removal of Q is boiling over, Chen Po-wei chose to make a big move to ask questions in Hokkien before he was removed, which inevitably makes people feel that he is holding up the basic routine by playing a calculated role in intensifying the antagonism between the linguistic groups.
Even though it has been nearly two weeks since the end of the incident, the discussion is mostly about the pros and cons of the pan-political saliva attack and defense, the issue of Taiwan's language ecology is rarely addressed.
There is a historical background to the sensitivity of language in Taiwan. In 1937, during the Japanese occupation period, Japan promoted the Imperial Nationalization Movement and implemented the "National Language Movement" (in this case, the national language refers to Japanese), which prohibited the use of Taiwanese mother tongue and Chinese.
In order to eliminate Japan's influence in Taiwan, the Nationalist government began to vigorously promote the "Mandarin Movement" (Peking dialect) around 1956, and it was not abolished until 1987 after the lifting of martial law.
More than 30 years of language policy, resulting in language inequality and language loss.
To date, at least 10 of the 26 indigenous languages have died and four are in danger. In addition, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) assessment, Taiwanese Hokkien is a “definitely endangered ” language, while Hakka has entered the stage of“ seriously endangered ”.
If Mandarin had not been established as an official language at that time, would Taiwan ’ s diverse dialects have developed in a balanced way?
The answer is “not necessarily. ”
Language is not only a tool of communication, it is also a carrier of culture, representing the culture, historical memory and ethnic identity of the people who use the language.
Therefore, even if there is no language policy involved, when two or more languages meet, it is inevitable that political power will be strong.
Power competition between ethnic groups grows, which in turn affects the language and natural ecology.
For example, the so-called national melting pot, respect for multicultural America, although there is no political force to set the official language, but as everyone knows, English is the high-level powerful language of the United States.
In fact, in the United States, the phenomenon of "double language" (Diglossia) is obvious, black English (AAVE), Hispanic English (Chicano English), etc., is generally regarded as a low-level language, representing low education, informal language, or low social class language.
According to various studies, in the United States, those who speak a recognized ethnic or regional dialect of English have lower wages and employment rates than those who speak mainstream English.
So, if you set multiple languages as official languages, can you solve the problem of double language inequality? The answer is still “not necessarily ”.
In order to escape the influence of Spanish colonization, the Bolivian Constitution stipulates that the languages of all ethnic groups are official languages, and a total of 36 official languages are recognized, making it the country with the largest number of official languages in the world.
Under the country ’ s 1994 education reform program, schools were required to teach these 36 official languages.
However, the reality is difficult to do, Spanish is still the most powerful language in Bolivia, and many ethnic groups are still regarded as poor, low education, and low social class identity.
Being able to speak high-level Spanish is a lifeline for the underprivileged, who often disguise their ethnic identity to work in cities, so that even though many ethnic groups have been promoted to official languages, the problem of extinction has not been improved.
If setting the official language and language bullying are not necessarily directly related, how can the phenomenon of high-level and low-level double language in Taiwan be improved? Some reflections are as follows:
1. Language policy must be multilingual.
Any language policy needs to learn from history through careful planning and matching of experts and scholars to avoid repeating the mistakes of the past.
Because resources and human learning power are limited, when one language is blessed, it means that other languages may be crowded out.
Although the government is actively promoting the bilingual policy by 2030, it is fully committed to promoting English. Although it is well-intentioned, many linguists have solemnly warned about the dangers of promoting English.
For example, Anne Pakir refers to English as the “killer language ”, while John M. Swales compares it to Tyrannosaurus because it is too powerful to destroy any weak language that coexists with it.
Once the government smashes into a large amount of resources, if there are no good supporting measures, I am afraid it will become the current disaster of Taiwan's language ecology.
2. Strengthen the "language attitude" cultivation.
At present, the government's bilingual policy is extremely narrow, and almost all of them are aimed at strengthening English skills and improving English proficiency.
Very little is known about the "language attitude".
However, the attitude of the language user determines the vitality of the language.
In Hebrew, for example, its revival illustrates the importance of language attitudes.
The revival of the Hebrew language in just 25 years, more than two thousand years after its death, created an unprecedented miracle in the history of the language ’ s revival, and this dramatic miracle was the result of the Jewish nation ’ s strong nation-building, which led to an attitude of allegiance and glory to the Hebrew language that succeeded in bringing it back to life.
In other words, the attitude of the language user is the key factor in determining the vitality of the language.
Taiwanese people generally have a foreign mentality, value English, ignore the mother tongue, such a sense of linguistic inferiority, it is easy to speed up the loss of minority mother tongue after the promotion of bilingual policy.
In addition, if the status of the local language between the declining attitude, with the political parties in turn to promote localization, the Fukien language has become a label of love for Taiwan, the sword of transformation and justice, and the soft spot of political enemies, the Fukien language has become a tool of political struggle.
Perhaps because of this, Chen Po-wei will choose to deliberately use the Minnan language to single out the foreign provincial defense minister before the removal case, and play this big show of love for his mother tongue and Taiwan.
The author believes that positive "language attitude" education, in addition to strengthening the ethnic group's sense of pride and centripetal force for their mother tongue, also includes the inclusiveness of other languages.
If we oppose the practice of the Chinese language to suppress the native language, then we should not now politically manipulate the native language and maliciously create language conflicts and ethnic conflicts.
The means of retribution for language hegemony will not only not promote ethnic integration, but will only deepen ethnic hatred and division.
If Taiwan wants to start from the wrong language policy of the past, it should understand the past language history, reflect on learning from history, and not blindly promote language policy, but also pay attention to the next generation of language attitude education, families and schools to help children understand the value of mother tongue, respect different mother tongue use groups, in order to really promote a pluralistic and multilingual society.
(The author is an associate professor of English at National Chengchi University)
※ The above statements do not represent the position of Wangzhong Media Group ※
# Language # Native # English # Official Language # Attitude

Promoting a single language can lead to language inequality and the decline of indigenous languages.

Language policies can impact national identity and citizenship, as seen in Ukraine where Russian may disappear.

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Political scientist Bredikhin: for Ukrainian residents the problem of the Russian language remains significant
, 18: 29 Source: Federal News Agency
The problem of the Russian language remains on the agenda for the residents of Ukraine.
Political scientist Anton Bredikhin told about this during a conversation with the Federal News Agency.
According to the expert, the language policy pursued by Kiev in relation to the Russian language, sooner or later will lead to the disappearance of Russian speech from the life of Ukrainian society at all levels.
The expert noted that in this way for the citizens of Ukraine there is a question of national identity, and if today someone was Russian, then tomorrow he will become Ukrainian.
According to Bredikhin, the “format of identity change ” leads to terrible changes and radical manifestations, citing the example of Russian-speaking militants who joined the ranks of Ukrainian terrorist groups.
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Language academies help shape language policies, preserve linguistic diversity, and promote language purification.

Title:

Content: Linguists at the Doha Book Fair
Implementing laws to protect the Arabic language is an important step to preserve identity
Language is a fundamental value in the life of every society and nation, it is the vessel that carries ideas, conveys concepts and establishes communication links between different social groups, and the Arabic language today lives clear dangers and challenges that must be addressed and faced.
In this context, a seminar was held at the main stage of the Doha International Book Fair entitled "Arabic Language and Identity Challenges", and witnessed the participation of a number of intellectuals and specialists.
The participants stressed that the relationship of the Arabic language with identity is strong, as the language of the Holy Quran and its close connection with the civilization of the Arab nation, an existential issue for the future of culture and societies, and therefore this identity must have exceptional importance in dealing with it.
Dr. Ali Al-Kubaisi, former head of the Arabic language department at Qatar University and a member of the scientific board of the Doha Historical Dictionary of Arabic, said that lovers and zealots of the Arabic language are fully aware of the place of this language and its pivotal role in building the Arab identity.
Cultural globalization
He stressed that the challenges of the Arabic language are identity challenges in the first place, pointing out that the most prominent challenges facing the Arabic language is awareness, where he believes that awareness of the challenges of identity and the Arabic language was not born of the present era but old and renewed. In order to preserve the Holy Quran and preserve the Arabic language.
Al-Kubaisi points out that the Arabic language remained strong and firmly established, and when the Islamic Caliphate weakened, Arabic later faced and triumphed with slang calls and writing in foreign letters, and today it faces challenges of a new kind.
The head of the Arabic language department at Qatar University spoke about the indicators of identity challenges, saying that there are some indicators that warn of threats to identity and challenge it, the most important of which is the emergence of what opposes the values of identity and threatens cultural privacy in an attempt to replace alternative values and patterns of behavior contrary to the local culture (cultural globalization).
Al-Kubaisi also pointed out that the lack of awareness of the importance of language, heritage and culture in building the cultural specificity that distinguishes a nation from other nations, and the attempt to underestimate and compromise the elements of identity, and the lack of differentiation between the fixed and the transformed elements of identity, are clear indicators of the threat of identity.
Two sides of the same thing.
The member of the Scientific Council of the Doha Historical Dictionary confirms that our Arabic language is a major component of our Arab and Islamic identity with its individual and collective dimensions, and an important element in its formulation and construction, and every weakness or flaw in the language must affect the identity, and this confirms the inseparable relationship between language and identity.
Regarding the challenges of the Arabic language in our time, Al-Kubaisi pointed out that the most important of these challenges is everything that prevents the use of the Arabic language in its place, which must be used, or does not achieve growth and development in its acquisition, education, learning and dissemination as a global language.
He believes that one of the most serious dangers to the Arabic language is the existence of a phenomenon strange to our societies, which is the frequent use of a "hybrid" language away from the Arabic language, whether in addressing expatriate workers in the Gulf countries in particular or in communicating through social media.
He stressed that the exclusion of the Arabic language from its social environment is unacceptable and negatively affects our Arab identity, and has a direct impact on the younger generations, so it is necessary to activate the implementation of laws to protect the Arabic language in order to strengthen identity and consolidate belonging to it.
Two inseparable souls.
For his part, Professor of literature and criticism and the first linguistic expert in the Doha Historical Dictionary of the Arabic language, Dr. Ali Abu Zeid, says that it is wrong to think that language is a means of communication only, and if this is true, the solution would be to call for a universal language, and God made us peoples and tribes to know each other, adding that language and identity are inseparable.
He pointed out that the language is a criterion of identity, and the preservation of language to preserve identity, pointing out that no colonizer entered a country but tried to attack its language and by extension its identity, adding, "The nation comes only from its language and if the nation is given its language is injured and its identity is broken."
Abu Zeid believes that education and media are among the most important tools through which to preserve language and promote identity among the younger generations, while criticizing the pride of some parents in learning foreign languages without their mother tongue.
The linguistic expert regrets the inability of the language academies in the Arab countries to provide something tangible to preserve the language, considering that these academies have become only complementary institutions and do not have a mission and perform the role assigned to them.
"Are we able to motivate ourselves, then the family, the school, then the community and the state to return to our language, to own and preserve it, to belong to it and to boast in international forums that we speak it?"
If we reach this stage, we and our identity are at peace. ”
Source: The Island

Russia's language purification policy has been criticized as an attempt to distance the country from Western influence.

Title:

Content: city news Yelets, news Yelets, Yelets news, Yelets newspaper, Red banner
Better than any passport.
0 0
The Russian government has submitted to the state Duma a bill to protect the Russian language from excessive use of foreign words.
The document implies control over the observance by officials and citizens of the norms of the Russian literary language and the inadmissibility of the use of foreign words, with the exception of those that do not have common analogues in the Russian language.
"Wet feet"
by "toptalische"
Fighters for the purity of the native language waited, because the discussion about it among linguists, writers, scientists goes on constantly, then quiet, then flaring up with renewed vigor.
The initiative of the Government of Russia, which decided to wedge itself into the disputes of professionals, is quite understandable and understandable.
Today, when the United States and the entire Western world are in a rush to destroy, eradicate, wipe out all Russian, the frequent use of Anglicisms in everyday life is at least unpatriotic.
In fairness, it should be noted that borrowing from other languages is a constant process.
Lenin also proposed "to declare war on the use of foreign words unnecessarily", and the intricacies of relations and mutual accusations of Slavophiles and Westerners entered the textbooks, as well as the textbook proposals to replace other people's "galoshes" with their "wet feet", and "sidewalks" - with "toptalisches".
In the 1940s, a new wave: the struggle against cosmopolitanism suggested “for everything Russian against foreign ”, including in the language.
A printer is a printer?
Meanwhile, all – both supporters and opponents – agree that there are concepts in their native language that came after the phenomena, realities created in other countries, and therefore the words denoting them, well, not ours, but they can not do without them.
A striking example is the computer, IT technologies and everything related to them.
The word “printer ” cannot be replaced by a Russian translation from English, since“ printer ” does not mean a device for printing, but a person engaged in this process.
By the way, this phenomenon is not new: even under Peter I, who “cut through the window to Europe ”, dozens of Dutch and German words for technologies and mechanisms poured into Russia.
And in opera, many terms are borrowed from Italian and have long been part of the Russian language.
And we calmly use such words as “federation ”,“ sphere ”, “national ”,“ commission ” and many others that came from foreign languages, but are firmly entrenched in our own.
How to be
in one bow
Meanwhile, one cannot but agree with the authors of the bill: recently, the speech of deputies of different ranks, officials, political and economic experts, heads of federal and regional, and sometimes local authorities is simply replete with foreign words that have simple and understandable analogues in their native language.
And if we are almost reconciled with merchandisers (commodity scientists in our own way), then what do you think of the expression from the fashion world “in one bow ”?
The well-known vegetable has nothing to do with it: in English look - look, therefore, in Russian it is an image, appearance, look, etc. In texts related to business, "marketplace" (literally from the English place of trade), as well as "startup" (start, start, take the first steps) or "webinar" (training video conference live).
In the field of education, they like to talk about “bullying prevention ”: this word means ridicule, bullying of children at school by peers.
Increasingly, “campus ” sounds, while the translation from Latin is a familiar campus for many of us, or“ coach ” instead of the usual “coach ”,“ mentor ”.
Abilympics
with WorldSkills
I will also swing at my favorite “quest ” recently: again with the English“ game, search ”.
I do not like the sequestered budget, because it is “cut ”, but transparent is more to my liking, because it is“ open ”, “transparent ”.
And who will prove to me that “exchange of practices ” is better than the usual“ exchange of experience ”?
Or for days on TV reported about the participation of Russians in the championship "Abilympics".
You will break the language by pronouncing, although this is only a competition in professional skills among the disabled, in another way they are also called the “Olympics of opportunities ”.
From the same series, the widely distributed “WorldSkills ” (WorldSkills) is also a competition, but students studying a particular profession.
We have such competitions took place in the times of the USSR, then they were safely forgotten, and now they are back again, only in a Western manner.
And here is another illustrative example: the all-Russian social project “Agrofoodsharing ”.
We divide abracadabra into parts: agro - of course, something related to agriculture.
In English, food – food, share – share.
As a result, we get a movement of agricultural producers who want to share with other people the surplus of their crops.
The idea, of course, is good, right, but why break the language?
And finally from the sore: "solving cases." Brilliant!
In English, the word “case ” has two meanings: a briefcase, a suitcase and the second – circumstances.
Therefore, in Russian literally "the decision of circumstances" or, as the know-it-all Internet interprets, "the study of the situation and the choice of a suitable solution."
They will leave themselves
on your own?
Most likely, the desire to cleanse the language by introducing a law at the state level is an attempt to distance oneself from the West, its influence, to isolate oneself from someone else ’ s and alien mentality, lifestyle and dubious values.
However, it is not very clear what it will look like in practice: will there be lists of prohibited words and expressions or just recommendations, and addressed to high-ranking officials and other “persons in the TV ” – after all, it is with their filing that all sorts of newfangled borrowings from foreign languages often go“ to people ”.
However, a few decades ago, our teachers at the Yelets Pedagogical Institute hammered us, students, that the language is a self-cleaning system, and all harmful, fake after a while will simply disappear.
It has always been so, and I want to believe it will be so.
KSTATI:
I assume that all borrowings are from our haste, eternal saving of time even on pronunciation and writing of words.
We usually write in sms a short, indifferent “OK ”.
While in the native language for this almost a dozen words: “good ”,“ okay ”, “agree ”,“ give ”, “let ”,“ good ”, etc. No wonder there is a catch phrase: “Speech is better than any passport ”...
Tatyana SHCHERBATYKH
VRF News

The policy may lead to language extinction, as seen with indigenous languages in Russia.

Title:

Content: The vision of India as a multilingual nation is under attack

Lack of livelihoods in areas where marginalised languages are spoken has led to migration to areas where mainstream languages are spoken. This has led to India’s linguistic diversity shrinking further

GN Devy

On the eve of Independence, making dignified space for all Indians, across their myriad socio-cultural backgrounds and irrespective of economic status, was a humongous political challenge for India’s first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru. He didn’t have the luxury of putting some questions on the backburner—if we were to avoid a further fragmentation of the nation and protect its integrity as a ‘Union of States’, as a unit that the post-Independence generations of Indians have taken for granted.

Fortunately for him, and for India, there were intellectual giants in the Congress and outside it who could weigh in on these questions with information and insight and come up with answers the young democracy needed. One of those tangled challenges was the language question.

Unlike some European nations, India was not monolingual. It was always, in all historical eras, a multilingual place. To force India into a monolingual nationalism would certainly have led to its fragmentation, but nor would it do to allow a linguistic anarchy to overcome the process of nation-building.

Nurturing the linguistic variety and richness of this land, for its own sake as well as the political purpose of keeping us all together, was an exercise both delicate and arduous. This fine balance, needed to preserve the autonomy of India’s many languages while protecting the unity of the nation, was achieved through the formulation of the linguistic states and the Schedules of the Constitution.

On 26 November 1949, when the Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution of India, there were 14 languages listed in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution. They were (in order of the number of speakers): Hindi, Telugu, Bengali, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Punjabi, Kashmiri, Assamese and Sanskrit. There have been three amendments to the Eighth Schedule in the past 55 years, and there are currently 22 languages in the Eighth Schedule.

The States Reorganisation Commission was created, in part, in response to the popular language movements in Hyderabad and Punjab. But it was also a response to the need to define the federal structure of a newly emergent nation. The popular language movements in Andhra, Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Maharashtra and Karnataka had a strong emotional tenor and broad-based support.

The tribal languages did not, at that point in our history, have the potential to generate such movements; that momentum came several decades later, which led to the creation of the states of Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh in 2000.

The formation of linguistic states was a way of acknowledging the dignity of India’s many languages while also keeping them all committed to the idea of India as a ‘Union of States’, it formed the very basis of our idea of India as a federal nation.

The stamp of Nehru’s understanding of modernity and nationalism is clearly seen in these two actions. During his time as Prime Minister, he took care to make the Census exercise far more comprehensive than it used to be in the colonial era.

It is often forgotten that the only Census in India in which every mother tongue was covered, and announced to the nation, was conducted in 1961—in Nehru’s time. Never before or after has any Census presented the linguistic landscape of India with such complete transparency. The list of ‘Mother Tongues’ reported in the 1961 Census had 1,652 entries.

Since Independence, Indians have accepted our linguistic diversity as a social norm and an inalienable feature of this nation. As citizens, we waste no opportunity to state our tolerance of other languages. When nationalism emerged in Europe during the 19th century, conformity to a ‘national language’ was seen as an attribute of citizenship. Though inspired by Europe’s ideas of nationalism, the Indian struggle for independence did not get bogged down in any linguistic chauvinism.

In the 1971 Census, the then government decided to list only those languages that had more than 10,000 speakers—that list had 108 entries; the 109th entry was ‘all others’.

The policy of using a cut-off figure further alienated already marginalised minor languages. They started disappearing in the political discourse and, likely as a consequence of this, from social life. The lack of livelihoods in areas where marginalised languages are spoken has led to an exodus to areas where mainstream languages are spoken. This too has accelerated the rate at which India’s linguistic diversity is shrinking.

The People’s Linguistic Survey of India found that an estimated 250 languages have disappeared during the past fifty years. In other words, India seems to have lost nearly a quarter of its ‘world views’ since Independence.

During the last census (2011), the language data for which was released in 2018, the citizens of India provided 19,569 names of ‘mother tongues’, described in technical terms as ‘raw returns’. Based on previously available linguistic and sociological information, the authorities decided that of these, 18,200 did not ‘logically’ match any known information.

A total of 1,369 names, or ‘labels’, as they are technically known, were picked up as being ‘names of languages’. The ‘raw returns’ left out represented nearly six million citizens. The classification protocol summarily axed the linguistic citizenship of these six million, rendered ‘not worth consideration’.

In addition to the 1,369 ‘mother tongue’ names shortlisted in this assessment, there were 1,474 other mother tongue names. They were placed under the generic label of ‘Others’, because the classification system could not identify the languages they spoke. The fortunate 1,369 were further grouped together under a total of 121 ‘group labels’.

These were presented to the country as ‘Languages’. Of these, 22 languages made it to the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution, the so-called ‘Scheduled Languages’. The remaining 99 were described as ‘non-scheduled’ languages.

Most of these groupings were forced. For instance, under ‘Hindi’, there were nearly 50 other languages. Bhojpuri, spoken by more than 50 million, with its own cinema, theatre, literature and vocabulary, was shown as Hindi.

A population of nearly 30 million from Rajasthan had their own languages, but were shown to have Hindi as their mother tongue. The Pawri of tribals in Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh was likewise hitched to Hindi, as was the Kumauni of Uttarakhand.

The report stated that 528,347,193 (over 528 million) people spoke Hindi as their mother tongue, which is simply not the case. The 2021 census has been postponed for political reasons and is not likely to be carried out till the next general elections in 2024; it may even be moved to 2031. By then, a very large body of smaller languages, and the diversity they represent, may have been wiped out.

Almost certainly, the communities worst affected will be the Adivasis and nomadic communities, whose numbers are small. However, the total number of such communities, whose languages will go unreported in the next Census, is large enough to cause concern.

The speakers of these communities will be subsumed within the statistical figures of other languages, mainly Hindi, since the larger sections of Adivasi communities live along the margins of Hindi-speaking areas.

No matter that the Constitution accepts right to expression as a fundamental right, no matter that language, for us humans, is the primary means of expression, hundreds of these languages of Adivasis and nomadic communities in India are likely to be wiped out of official records in the service of this Hindi-Hindu nationalism. Make no mistake, the vision of India as a multilingual nation is under attack.

Countries like France have implemented language purification policies to regulate borrowings and promote their national language.

Title:

Content: Matvienko read a poem about anglicisms in the Federation Council - RIA Novosti, 22.06.2022
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Matvienko read a poem about Anglicisms in the Federation Council
Matvienko read a poem about Anglicisms at a meeting of the Federation Council
© Press Service of the Federation Council of the Russian Federation / Go to photobanPresident of the Federation Council of the Russian Federation Valentina Matvienko
Chairman of the Federation Council of the Russian Federation Valentina Matvienko.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
MOSCOW, June 22 - RIA Novosti.
Speaker of the Federation Council Valentina Matvienko, during the discussion on Anglicisms and foreign borrowings in Russian, read poems on this topic and did it so artistically that she earned friendly applause from senators.
On Wednesday, all senators received a dictionary compiled by Crimean officials that transmits Russian-language substitutes for foreign borrowing.
Matvienko praised its authors and read out the poems included in the handbook.
Konstantinov told how in the Crimea are struggling with the dominance of foreign words
"And we have a workshop here, and you?
And we got a babysitter hypanula the wrong word.
A year of PR parent together with the child on a talk show.
And we have a famous guru in the field of architecture made a selfie for PR, the bow he chose extreme.
Realizing all our trables, in nostalgic sadness we remember how boyfriends were called grooms, instead of casting, our mothers held and not men, and men gave flowers to girls.
The party was a party, the upgrade was an improvement.
Maybe after all we have enough Russians to offend people? "- read Matvienko.
The senators greeted her reading with loud applause.
The speaker also suggested discussing the possibility of fixing at the legislative level a ban on clogging the Russian language with spilled borrowings.
“Cashback ” as it was, and it is, and all this is pronounced at the government level.
Well, there are analogues in the Russian language, why do we clog our beautiful wonderful unique language with such different words?
We need to look at it at the legislative level.
Our responsibility is to preserve the language of Pushkin, the language of which we are proud and to stop these new trends that are absolutely inappropriate, ” Matvienko said.
According to her, both France and other countries do not allow to clog their languages, and in Russia should avoid the use of foreign words that have analogues in Russian.
The task to study the issue was given to the profile committee on science, education and culture.
From Proto-Slavic to Modern: Evolution and Features of the Russian Language
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Policies must be implemented in a way that promotes linguistic diversity and preserves national languages.

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Building Babel

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Building Babel

Progressive organizations seek to standardize attitudes, language, and thought. November 19, 2021
The Social Order
Politics and law

Politics today seems to have crawled out of some Hobbesian muck. It is a nasty, brutish little runt wherever it appears, which is almost everywhere. Its act—for these days everything is performance art—is a tragic farce. On the streets, its watchword is riot; on the Internet, abuse; in the academy, the boardroom, and the media, a coordinated equalization of attitudes that borders on the totalitarian. At the highest levels of government, it is too lazy or stupid to persuade, preferring rather to manipulate, bully, spy, and punish.

Hobbesian man is moved by powerful passions of pride and fear. His vainglory and the joy he takes in standing above others give rise to war. The horror of anarchy and the fear of death make him seek peace. The ugly and ubiquitous politics of the Left is now channeling these passions into a massive project of social engineering: the construction of a new Tower of Babel.

Fear and pride raised the old Tower of Babel, built by anonymous wanderers who sought to “make us a name, lest we be scattered over all the earth.” Their anonymity is fitting, for there was then only “one language, one set of words. . . . one people” in the world. The Babylonians formed bricks out of the soil—adamah in Hebrew, the same stuff God breathed life into to make the first human being (ha’adam)—and began to “build a city and a tower with its top in the heavens.” These hard-baked bricks, all cut to the same measure, are images of human beings from whom the breath of individual life and particularity has somehow departed.

Modern attempts to construct the Tower have unfolded before, most notably in the Soviet Union and China. Today an inhumanly univocal tongue, asserting itself as the measure of all things, once again threatens to swallow the rich particularities and multiple languages of individual thought, speech, and creative expression.

The foundations of the new Tower have already been laid. In a recent interview, the Chinese dissident artist Ai Weiwei was asked if he thought that Donald Trump was an authoritarian. He did not:

If you are authoritarian, you have to have a system supporting you. You cannot just be an authoritarian by yourself. But certainly, in the United States, with today’s condition, you can easily have an authoritarian. In many ways, you’re already in the authoritarian state. You just don’t know it.

“Many things happening today in U.S. can be compared to Cultural Revolution in China, like people trying to be unified in a certain political correctness,” he said. “That is very dangerous.” He added that technology creates passive consumers of information: “You don’t have to act on anything. You just think you’re purified by certain ideas that you agree with it. That is posing dangers to society, to an extreme divided society.”

While ordinary Americans seem to be souring on political correctness, it remains a booming business in the centers of wealth and power. For corporations, philanthropic foundations, and individuals, purification—surely driven as much by fear of exposure as by true belief—requires the public affirmation of woke orthodoxy. This being America, the process can be outsourced for a fee; as Ai Weiwei says, no action is required. An entire industry of consultants has sprung up to profit from what, for some, is little more than a political protection racket.

Take the Building Movement Project, which trains nonprofits to “align and get in right relationship with social change values” and offers a “set of resources geared towards grantmaking institutions eager to expand and deepen their support of organizations, networks, and leaders involved with social change movements.” The group is sponsored by Boston-based nonprofit TSNE MissionWorks and touts its work with the Ford Foundation, among others. It describes its Solidarity Is This program as “a transformative practice and a strategy for collective power, liberation, inclusion, healing, and equity.” But inclusion and healing are in short supply in its statement of principles and practices:

Our work on solidarity is rooted in understanding and acknowledging that the laws, practices, systems, and institutions in the United States serve to advantage white supremacy, patriarchy, capitalism, and xenophobia. Through our work, we recognize that these systems and attitudes have paved the way for institutional and systemic anti-Black racism, the genocide, displacement, and ongoing mistreatment of indigenous communities; patriarchal and heteronormative policies that endanger the lives of women, queer people, and transgendered individuals; and laws and attitudes that target immigrants, refugees, and Muslim, South Asian, and Arab communities.

Solidarity Schools will help to inculcate this radical doctrine of political and cultural repudiation in “emerging youth leaders aged 18-25 across the country” and in future and current nonprofit workers. Alignment cannot begin too early.

The construction of the new Tower is happening on multiple levels. That work is financed in no small part by wealthy organizations willing to outsource their thought and conscience by enriching activists and promoting their ideological agendas. The woke nonprofit executive is but the kinder, gentler face of the masked Antifa thug. This peculiar combination of corporate expediency and political idiocy bodes ill for the American republic.

Photo by ivan-96/Getty Images

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Language purification policies can have significant economic, social, and cultural implications.

Title:

Content: City News
01 / 11 / 2022 19: 59
See the world less – Zhang Shaowei, Goat and Western for Chinese use
"Wei less see the world" at home last weekend to watch the live broadcast of the table tennis World Cup match, Chinese team name Ma Long and Wang Chu Chin
The 22-year-old Wang Chu-chin is in the ascendant stage of his game and is almost invincible all over the world, so he won three straight in the first round.
You can win one more game and you can win.
But the 34-year-old Ma Long is not only experienced, but also stubborn, one point to go back.
After three consecutive rounds, he showed amazing determination and toughness.
In the final victory, Wang Chu Chin was able to win the horse dragon in the downwind.
This is the end of this super high level game.
In the stadium in Xinxiang, Henan, many Malong and Wang Chu Chin fans kept cheering on their idols, and there was a scene that impressed me.
Deep: "Ma Long, come on" voice, there are a few fans in the stands holding up Ma Long's poster and only GOAT four capital English characters
Mother's Speech.
Although it is difficult to tell how many people in the audience know the meaning of these four letters, holding up this sign shows that
Taiwanese fans are familiar with the "globalization operation" and are used in foreign countries.
"The Best of All Time" is the title.
"GOAT" stands for "Grete of AllThieme", which means "the best athlete of all time."
Some people call it the "greatest player", often used to describe basketball, football, table tennis and other superstars, are fans.
Loved words.
Who is the real GOAT and why? Related discussions and controversies often transcend national boundaries, such as Michael Jordan
Michael Jordan, Kobi Bayern
Bryant and Lebron James
LeBron James) Which of the three is NBA ’ s GOAT? Fans have been fighting for a long time, but it ’ s still uncertain.
Arguments.
Ma Long is the captain of the current men ’ s national team, not only won the championship of all major international competitions, but also created the table tennis team.
Various world records in history, such as unbeaten 56 international matches from 2011 to 2012; unbeaten in 2015.
Men 's Singles Champion of the World Table Tennis Championships, World Cup and ITTF Tour Finals in the year; first for two consecutive years
Men's singles gold medal winners and holds the most Olympic gold medals (five medals).
Marlon is called GOAT not only because of his superb game skills, but also because he has a psychological quality beyond ordinary people.
"Ultimate Self-Discipline".
Yu Ziyang, a teammate of Malone's national team, said to reporters, "He is very demanding of himself, such as
If one thing is to be done, all the other factors that will interfere with it will be completely restrained and abandoned. "
He also said that Malone is good.
If he leaves at ten in the morning, he goes to practice at eight, and has an hour or two at noon.
Practice for a while; if you can't practice the technique, practice the body, the bag is always loaded with a racket, and you can't leave the body.
Such diligence and perseverance make Marlon.
After their peers have retired, they are still able to compete on the field and compete in seven games with teammates 12 years younger than themselves.
He was with Wang Chu-chin.
It is a perfect match, and it is worthy of the title of GOAT.
* Learn foreign languages for Chinese use *
The GOAT slogan on the World Cup site reflects the cultural penetration, and the cultures of different countries are interacting with each other.
Limiting exchanges will only make you lag behind the times.
The best way to learn about a foreign culture is to learn to represent it
The language.
The news media often report that mainland China is increasingly belittling the status of foreign language teaching and proficiency exams in some areas of English.
It's going down.
This is obviously a bad trend, because learning a foreign language can increase the understanding of foreign countries and contribute to the development and security of China.
It helps in at least two ways.
On the one hand, there are more people who can understand foreign languages, and more people can communicate with foreign countries, promote friendship, and promote China's economy.
Development and scientific and technological progress.
On the other hand, when the other party appears unfriendly or even anti-China signs, China ’ s policymakers can rely on language.
It is a one-sided letter that is not reported by the media that clearly captures the attitude of the other government and changes in public opinion.
Confused and false, reduce the possibility of wrong judgment of the situation, and make the necessary preparations in time.
Therefore, the government should encourage young people.
Learn foreign languages, learn foreign languages well, and increase official and private soft power with an open attitude.
Japan has been very successful in this regard.
Today ’ s Japanese has incorporated a large number of English words, which has prompted Japanese to learn advanced technology from European and American countries.
Influence Japanese lifestyle and work attitude, but also add color to Japanese culture.
Can't we just use it like this?
* Hong Kong examples can still be used *
In fact, it is also necessary for Hong Kong to attach importance to the status of English, not only because English is one of the official languages, but also to enable the next generation to maintain their own
Hong Kong has a traditional advantage in English, and because Hong Kong faces a complicated international environment, it is necessary to maintain Hong Kong's international financial center and trade.
Ecentricity requires effective communication with people all over the world.
The Financial Secretary, the Secretary for Justice and other senior officials of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region have recently stressed that
Working hard to tell the story of Hong Kong, and mastering English can do more with less, as demonstrated by a speech 30 years ago.
In November 1992, when I was working as a political reporter in Hong Kong, the interviewer asked me to go to the Mandarin Oriental Hotel with a colleague.
The main speaker at the dinner was the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB) founding party chairman Tsang Yok-sing.
At that time, the DAB was only a few months old, especially in Hong Kong.
Expatriates want to know the positioning of the organization and the future direction of development, TSANG Yucheng used this opportunity to introduce the DAB in detail in English.
The concept, positioning, structure, composition and basic direction of the future.
He was thorough, precise, and brief in his answers.
Pip.
The participants were more satisfied, and he also achieved the established goal: to tell the story of the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB).
This was an early priority for the DAB.
To the DAB and TSANG Yi-chung's English is a prerequisite for success.
Hong Kong ’ s renowned current affairs commentator and former journalist based in the United States, Cheung Siu-wai
* Signed and / or unsigned articles published by Economic Times, the relevant content is the author ’ s personal opinion and does not represent the endorsement of Economic Times.
Its role is to provide a platform for free speech.
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