The Elgin Marbles are a collection of ancient Greek sculptures removed from the Parthenon in Athens by Lord Elgin in the early 19th century, and their presence in the British Museum is the subject of ongoing controversy and a long-standing dispute between Greece and the UK.

Greece has been seeking the return of the Elgin Marbles for over 200 years, with the Greek government claiming that the marbles were stolen and sparking a dispute with the UK.

The British Museum refuses to return the marbles, citing a 1963 Act of Parliament that stops the museum from permanently returning the marbles.

The UK government has no plans to change the law protecting the British Museum's collection, but Labour leader Keir Starmer is open to a potential loan deal for the marbles.

The Paris Convention prohibits the illicit import of cultural property and recognizes illicit import as a main cause of cultural heritage loss, which could potentially be applied to the case of the Elgin Marbles.

UNESCO conventions aim to protect cultural heritage and have been involved in the issue of the Elgin Marbles, with UNESCO recognizing the inter-governmental nature of the issue.

The International Court of Justice may hear cases related to artifact return, including the Elgin Marbles, and international law could play a role in facilitating their return.

Greece and the UK are close to reaching an agreement on the return of the Parthenon sculptures, with secret talks between the British Museum director and the Greek prime minister having taken place.

The proposed 'cultural exchange' agreement between the UK and Greece may facilitate the return of the Elgin Marbles, with the British Museum seeking a mutually acceptable loan deal with Greece.

A partnership agreement between the UK and Greece is being discussed, which may enable the display of the marbles in Athens and London.

The UK Prime Minister opposes the loan of the marbles to Greece, and the UK government has a firm position on the marbles' ownership.

Greece seeks the permanent return of the sculptures to Greece, but the UK refuses to return the Parthenon marble to Greece permanently.

A loan deal proposed for the Elgin Marbles' return to Greece includes Greek treasures being displayed in London, but the UK government has no plans to change the existing regulations on Elgin Marbles.

The British Museum chair, George Osborne, backs a loan deal, and Labour leader Keir Starmer is open to a potential loan deal.

However, Rishi Sunak is skeptical of the loan deal due to return concerns, and the UK is wary of setting a precedent for returning looted items.

The 1963 Act of Parliament stops the British Museum from permanently returning the Marbles, posing a significant obstacle to repatriation.

Greek premier Kyriakos Mitsotakis is to meet UK leaders to discuss the Marbles, in an effort to find a resolution to the dispute.

The British Museum has housed the Marbles in a dedicated room, but many Greek artworks are in storage and unseen.

Greece has called for repatriation over 200 years ago, and the Greek prime minister advocates for the marbles' reunification.

The British Museum has cared for the Elgin Marbles for generations, but Greece has demanded their return since 1832.

The proposed cultural exchange agreement between the UK and Greece could provide a resolution to the dispute, with the potential for the Elgin Marbles to be returned to Greece while also promoting cultural cooperation and exchange between the two countries.

The return of the Elgin Marbles could strengthen the UK's Global Britain standing and shape future UK-Greece relations.

The Greek prime minister has urged the UK to return the Elgin Marbles, citing their cultural and historical significance.

The UK museums' return of the Asante Gold to Ghana in a loan deal may pave the way for handling repatriation disputes like the Elgin Marbles, with the deal potentially setting a precedent for future artifact returns.

The British Museum is exploring an arrangement for the Elgin Marbles to travel to Greece, which could be a step towards a potential resolution.

The return of the Elgin Marbles could have significant implications for the UK's cultural heritage policies, with many considering it a matter of rectifying past thefts and injustices.

The British Museum's trustees own the marbles, but many people believe they should be returned to Greece, with 54% of surveyed people agreeing that the sculptures should be returned.

The UK's cultural heritage policies may be affected by the return of the Elgin Marbles, with the potential for a shift in the way the UK approaches the repatriation of cultural artifacts.

The Elgin Marbles are not the only cultural artifacts that the UK is being asked to return, with Nigeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, and China also seeking the return of cultural relics.

The British Museum is seeking a "Parthenon partnership" with Greece, which could potentially include a cultural exchange and the loan of other artifacts.

The return of the Elgin Marbles is a complex issue, with different attitudes and opinions on the matter, but many agree that it is a matter of respecting the cultural heritage of Greece.

The UK and Greece are close to reaching an agreement on the return of the Parthenon sculptures, with the British Museum ready to talk to the Greek government about the sculptures.

Greece has been demanding the return of the sculptures for decades, and the British Museum has proposed sharing the sculptures with Greece.

However, the British Museum law bars the return of the Elgin Marbles, and the UK government has no plans to change the statute on Elgin Marbles.

The British Museum requires recognition of Britain as the rightful owner for negotiations, but Greece insists on the return of the Parthenon sculptures.

No specific loan duration or display conditions were mentioned in the provided documents, but a cultural exchange deal is being negotiated between the UK and Greece.

The deal may include the British Museum hosting archaeological treasures from Greece, and Greece offering to loan treasures to the British Museum.

Talks for the Elgin Marbles' return are at an advanced stage, with the British Museum and the Greek prime minister in talks.

A partnership agreement between the UK and Greece is being discussed, which may enable the display of the marbles in Athens and London.

The UK Prime Minister opposes the loan of the marbles to Greece, and the UK government has a firm position on the marbles' ownership.

Greece seeks the permanent return of the sculptures to Greece, but the UK refuses to return the Parthenon marble to Greece permanently.

A loan deal proposed for the Elgin Marbles' return to Greece includes Greek treasures being displayed in London, but the UK government has no plans to change the existing regulations on Elgin Marbles.

The British Museum chair, George Osborne, backs a loan deal, and Labour leader Keir Starmer is open to a potential loan deal.

However, Rishi Sunak is skeptical of the loan deal due to return concerns, and the UK is wary of setting a precedent for returning looted items.

The 1963 Act of Parliament stops the British Museum from permanently returning the Marbles, posing a significant obstacle to repatriation.

Greek premier Kyriakos Mitsotakis is to meet UK leaders to discuss the Marbles, in an effort to find a resolution to the dispute.

The British Museum has housed the Marbles in a dedicated room, but many Greek artworks are in storage and unseen.

Greece has called for repatriation over 200 years ago, and the Greek prime minister advocates for the marbles' reunification.

The British Museum has cared for the Elgin Marbles for generations, but Greece has demanded their return since 1832.

The proposed cultural exchange agreement between the UK and Greece could provide a resolution to the dispute, with the potential for the Elgin Marbles to be returned to Greece while also promoting cultural cooperation and exchange between the two countries.

The return of the Elgin Marbles could strengthen the UK's Global Britain standing and shape future UK-Greece relations.

The Greek prime minister has urged the UK to return the Elgin Marbles, citing their cultural and historical significance.

The UK museums' return of the Asante Gold to Ghana in a loan deal may pave the way for handling repatriation disputes like the Elgin Marbles, with the deal potentially setting a precedent for future artifact returns.

The British Museum is exploring an arrangement for the Elgin Marbles to travel to Greece, which could be a step towards a potential resolution.

The return of the Elgin Marbles could have significant implications for the UK's cultural heritage policies, with many considering it a matter of rectifying past thefts and injustices.

The British Museum's trustees own the marbles, but many people believe they should be returned to Greece, with 54% of surveyed people agreeing that the sculptures should be returned.

The UK's cultural heritage policies may be affected by the return of the Elgin Marbles, with the potential for a shift in the way the UK approaches the repatriation of cultural artifacts.

The Elgin Marbles are not the only cultural artifacts that the UK is being asked to return, with Nigeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, and China also seeking the return of cultural relics.

The British Museum is seeking a "Par

The Elgin Marbles are a collection of ancient Greek sculptures removed from the Parthenon in Athens by Lord Elgin in the early 19th century, and their presence in the British Museum is the subject of ongoing controversy and a long-standing dispute between Greece and the UK.

Title:

Content: Opinion

Bring them home

At the end of August, it was reported that around 2,000 artefacts, including gold jewellery and gems, had been stolen from the British Museum over a long period of time.

Chairman of the trustees, George Osborne acknowledged that the museum’s reputation has suffered as a result of its mishandling of the thefts, which sparked outrage after it was revealed that most of the stolen antiquities may never be recovered due to the museum’s poor record keeping, raising questions about security and leadership.

For decades, the British Museum has argued that the Parthenon Marbles should not be returned to Greece since the country lacks a suitable location for their display.

The Acropolis Museum, on the other hand, has solidified its place among the world’s top ten best museums and is the go-to museum in Athens where one can readily understand why Greece is considered the cradle of Western civilization. So, why not return the Parthenon marbles to their rightful home, and how did they end up in the British Museum in the first place?

In the early 1800s, when British aristocrat Lord Elgin sailed home from Greece, he also shipped to England some of the greatest treasures of antiquity, which included a collection of Greek statues and carved frieze panels that once decorated the Parthenon in Athens.

The so-called Elgin Marbles were later sold to the British government with the approval of the Ottomans who ruled Greece at the time and became the most storied artefacts in the British Museum’s collection. They also became the subject of perhaps the world’s most notorious cultural dispute.

The British maintain that the marbles were legally acquired and they belong in a universal museum alongside other artefacts, excluding the 2,000 that were now reportedly stolen. The Greeks, on the other hand, view them as looted treasures that form the cornerstone of their national heritage.

For decades, the issue of the Parthenon Marbles has been on the agenda of the Unesco Intergovernmental Committee for Promoting the Return of Cultural Property (ICPRCP). In fact, it was Melina Mercouri, the Greek Minister of Culture at the time, who raised the matter of their return during the 1982 Unesco World Conference.

Although the forum ruled in favour of the cause, stating that restitution of works illegally removed from their countries of origin is a fundamental principle of people-to-people cultural relations, Mercouri’s British counterpart responded that the UK Government “could not intervene in the affairs of a private establishment like the British Museum.”

While efforts are underway to retrieve the stolen antiquities, the British Museum’s collections may never be recovered because the museum’s records only identify the collection as a whole and fail to list the individual pieces.

This is not the first time the museum’s image as a safe keeper of global treasures has been called into doubt. The poor condition of the British Museum’s western block has been recorded numerous times. Images of water leaking into the Parthenon gallery were broadcast on Greek television in 2018, resulting from a cracked glass ceiling pane. Although the glass was replaced with new fixings and no sculptures were destroyed, a leaking roof in 2021 resulted in water seeping through, once again, delaying the reopening of the Greek galleries following the pandemic.

The British Museum claimed that none of the statues had been damaged and the issue was addressed. However, for Greece, these events demonstrate that the British Museum is failing to care for the Parthenon Marbles, reinforcing the country’s legitimate claim that the sculptures be permanently returned to Athens.

Earlier this year, the British Museum moved closer to a landmark agreement with Athens that could result in the return of the marbles. Although existing legislation makes it illegal to give away treasures, Osborne is reportedly seeking to repatriate the Parthenon Marbles as part of a cultural exchange that would see other Greek antiques displayed at the British Museum. Over half of the British people support their repatriation to Greece.

Hundreds of statues from the Archaic and Classical periods can be found at the ultramodern Acropolis Museum. The top level is the museum’s showcase, which provides a visual link to the Acropolis and allows visitors to view both the monument and its sculptures. The majority of the Parthenon Marbles will be displayed there upon their anticipated return.

The Parthenon Sculptures were made in Greece by Greeks to honour the glory of Greece. They represent millions of people’s cultural identities. Greece is their true home. It is where they belong.

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Greece has been seeking the return of the Elgin Marbles for over 200 years, with the Greek government claiming that the marbles were stolen and sparking a dispute with the UK.

Title:

Content: Greek premier to meet Starmer and Sunak in renewed push to return Elgin marbles

Kyriakos Mitsotakis due to meet Rishi Sunak and Keir Starmer in London next week

Matt Mathers
Saturday 25 November 2023 23:43
Comments
Elgin Marbles: British Museum lends statue

Greek prime minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis is set to raise the issue of the Parthenon sculptures with the UK next week.

He is reportedly due to hold talks with Labour leader Keir Starmer on Monday and prime minister Rishi Sunak on Tuesday and will raise the subject with both.

The Financial Times reported that Mr Starmer was open to a potential loan deal that would see parts of the ancient sculptures returned. Labour declined to comment.

The 2,500-year-old sculptures, also known as the Eglin Marbles, were taken from Athens to Britain by agents of Thomas Bruce, the 7th Earl of Eglin, in the early 19th century and never returned. Greece says they were stolen, sparking a bitter and long-running dispute with the UK.

Housed in their own dedicated room, the sculptures of Olympian gods and goddesses, centaurs and warriors are among the greatest at the British Museum.

A 1963 Act of Parliament stops the British Museum from permanently handing them back.

George Osborne, the museum’s chair and the former Conservative Party MP and chancellor, has backed a loan deal.

“I hope we’ll find a way to partner with Greece so that a portion of the Marbles spend part of their time in Athens . . . and we see more of their treasures in return,” he wrote in The Spectator last week. Mr Osborne conceded that “we may well not succeed” but that it was “surely worth the effort”.

The proposed deal, which Mr Osborne and Mr Mitsotakis have held secret talks over, would allow the sculptures to return to Athens in exchange for Greek treasures being displayed in London.

Many of the artworks in question are in storage in museum vaults and have never before been seen.

Mr Mitsotakis, who has said it is his “passion” to get the sculptures back, is scheduled to meet both party leaders next week. He intends to raise the issue in both meetings, a person close to him told the FT.

Mr Sunak is said to be not opposed to the idea of a loan deal but sceptical that the sculptures would ever be returned if they were loaned to Greece, according to the paper.

No 10 has been contacted for comment.

A UK government spokesperson told the FT: “The UK has cared for the Elgin Marbles for generations.

“Our galleries and museums are funded by taxpayers because they are a huge asset to this country. “

We share their treasures with the world, and the world comes to the UK to see them. The collection of the British Museum is protected by law, and we have no plans to change it.”

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The British Museum refuses to return the marbles, citing a 1963 Act of Parliament that stops the museum from permanently returning the marbles.

The UK government has no plans to change the law protecting the British Museum's collection, but Labour leader Keir Starmer is open to a potential loan deal for the marbles.

The Paris Convention prohibits the illicit import of cultural property and recognizes illicit import as a main cause of cultural heritage loss, which could potentially be applied to the case of the Elgin Marbles.

Title:

Content: Why we need a G20 League of Looted Nations to take on the museums

As G20 has members from both sides — the looted and the looters — there is a wonderful opportunity to form an official consensus regarding fast repatriation of items of invaluable cultural significance. Pooling information and devising mechanisms that can cut red-tape would be a huge achievement

Reshmi Dasgupta May 18, 2023 21:27:30 IST

Replica of the Koh-i-Noor diamond. Image courtesy: Wikimedia Commons/ aiva

When it comes to looted antiquities, it is not often that the looters and the looted gather in the same forum. The G20 is one such, and serendipitously India — one of the most looted — is the chair this year. China, another nation whose treasures repose in museums around the world, is also a member. And despite the ongoing froideur over borders and other issues, looted antiquities is one point on which they cannot but agree. Is it not time, then, for a bold new initiative?

It could be called the League of Looted Nations. And given the widespread belief that the United Nations is now just a tax-free sinecure rather than a body that makes a real difference anymore, India’s move for a consensus on repatriation of important items of cultural heritage to the countries they belong to could be just what is needed. More so as repositories of these treasures — whether publicly or privately owned — have been able to fob off single-nation efforts.

On #InternationalMuseumDay, it is time to rethink the role of museums in this. Tourists marvel at displays in museums and galleries, sparing little thought as to how they got there. Museums and universities have recently been erasing the Sackler name from galleries, libraries and halls donated by the family as their fortune came from opioids. Benefits begotten from slavery are also being rejected. Why is there no similar protest against illegal antiquities in museums abroad?

Mainly because there has been no concerted effort by looted nations to publicise the stealing of their cultural heritage — and its ramifications. The issue has so far been conveniently regarded as the domain of individual nations not a common problem that unifies many. So each looted country takes its case to the offending nation, with limited success. The public of the nations where looted cultural heritage is displayed in museums remains largely unaware of the issues.

Take the long and so far futile battle of Greece to get back the so-called Elgin Marbles — segments of the Parthenon — from the British Museum. Such has been the difficulty to get the British to budge that a move by the current BM head George Osborne to “loan” the priceless friezes back to Greece is being seen as a victory. No one is calling out the brazenness of the British! How can something that belongs to Greece be “loaned” to it by those who carted it off?

India has also been fighting for the return for antiquities, although the Kohinoor gets most of the publicity on this count. The fact is that the diamond is just the most blingy of the treasures that the British got from India via questionable means during the Raj. There are many more Indian treasures in their clutches, including huge sections of the Amaravati Stupa, Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s throne, the copper Sultanganj Buddha and Tipu Sultan’s sword, ring and wooden tiger.

The then British Prime Minister David Cameron wasn’t kidding when on a visit to India in 2010 he ruled out the return of the Kohinoor saying. “If you (Britain) say yes to one, you suddenly find the British Museum would be empty. I think, I am afraid to say… it is going to have to stay put.” Some Indian artefacts have indeed been returned by the UK since 2010, but notably, none of those mentioned above. Clearly wider and more sustained action is needed to get results.

That is why India’s emphasis on righting wrongs in the cultural space at G20 is timely. In the 21st century there is no basis for the old canard that museums and private collections (mostly in Western nations and former colonial powers) offer more secure spaces than the countries’ treasures had been “obtained” from. As these columns have always asserted, such institutions have been committing a crime against nations by continuing to keep their cultural heritage.

The West so far has done mostly lip service on the matter of protecting and returning looted cultural artefacts. And bureaucratic red-tape has ensured that the return of antiquities is delayed. Meanwhile, priceless “collections” in museums that clearly have no business to be there rather than in the places of worship or other monuments they were looted from, continue to be displayed and “studied” by scholars. Including those from the countries they were looted from!

The Paris Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property signed in 1970 under the aegis of UNESCO (and endorsed by 143 nations so far) laid down admirably specific conditions. But antiquities of many nations including India are still in museums and collections when they could not have been procured by means acceptable by today’s standards as looting no longer qualifies.

Article 2 of the convention says, “Parties to this Convention recognize that the illicit import, export and transfer of ownership of cultural property is one of the main causes of the impoverishment of the cultural heritage of the countries of origin of such property and that international co-operation constitutes one of the most efficient means of protecting each country’s cultural property against all the dangers resulting there from.” What has this “recognition” achieved?

The document also virtuously states that “Parties undertake to oppose such practices with the means at their disposal, and particularly by removing their causes, putting a stop to current practices, and by helping to make the necessary reparations…The import, export or transfer of ownership of cultural property effected contrary to the provisions adopted under this Convention by the States Parties thereto, shall be illicit.” More sound and fury signifying nothing.

Obviously so, as the notorious Subhash Kapoor’s trade in illegal antiquities from India and elsewhere flourished abroad after 1970. He and many others cocked a snook at these toothless pronouncements, particularly Article 7 which said member states would take “necessary measures…to prevent museums and similar institutions… from acquiring cultural property originating in another State Party which has been illegally exported” after this convention “took effect”.

The convention also says that at the request of an aggrieved country (via diplomatic channels and with supporting documents), the nation to which cultural property had been illegally imported should “take appropriate steps to recover and return” those items but with a caveat that “the requesting State shall pay just compensation to an innocent purchaser or to a person who has valid title to that property”. How can any title be ‘valid’ if it belongs to another country?

By that logic, of course, Greece should simply pay Britain for the return of the Parthenon pieces carted off by Lord Elgin and India should do the same to get the Kohinoor back — after some solid haggling, presumably. Of course, given Britain’s dire economic situation at present, this may seem an attractive proposition—monetise the treasures Britons stole in centuries past, to tide over its crisis today. But there is little reason for looted nations to oblige.

As G20 has members from both sides — the looted and the looters — there is a wonderful opportunity to form an official consensus regarding fast repatriation of items of invaluable cultural significance. Pooling information and devising mechanisms that can cut red-tape would be a huge achievement. Of course then institutions like the British Museum will have to come to terms with their own past — and display non-looted alternatives in their emptied galleries.

The author is a freelance writer. Views expressed are personal.

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UNESCO conventions aim to protect cultural heritage and have been involved in the issue of the Elgin Marbles, with UNESCO recognizing the inter-governmental nature of the issue.

Title:

Content: Greece asks Britain to return Parthenon statue British Museum: a popular heritage
▲ Part of the Greek Parthenon, now in the British Museum.
(Photo / Reuters)
Journalist Lin Yen-chen / Comprehensive Report
Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis said in a speech in Paris on the 12th that the Parthenon statue in the British Museum should be returned as soon as possible, and that the British side should enter into negotiations as soon as possible to achieve this goal.
Prime Minister Boris Johnson said in March that Britain was the rightful owner of the Parthenon and refused to return the 2,500-year-old statue to Greece.
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson has stressed that the United Kingdom legally owns the Parthenon.
(Photo / Reuters)
Speaking at UNESCO ’ s 75th anniversary event, Mitsotakis said UNESCO took a key step in September when it recognised the inter-governmental nature of the problem and therefore the obligation to return the Parthenon was entirely in the UK.
Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis believes Britain has a duty to return the Parthenon.
(Photo / Dazhi Imaging / Associated Press)
Since independence in 1832, Greece has been demanding the return of the statues to Britain, where they are known as Elgin Marbles because it was the British diplomat Lord Elgin who removed them from Greece, which was then ruled by the Ottoman Empire, in the early 19th century.
The British Museum refused to return and claimed that the stone carvings were acquired by a legal contract between the Earl of Elgin and the Ottoman Empire, and that the statues were the common heritage of everyone.
Mitsotakis stressed that the existing Parthenon statue in London must be reunited with most of the other statues in Athens as soon as possible.
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The International Court of Justice may hear cases related to artifact return, including the Elgin Marbles, and international law could play a role in facilitating their return.

Title:

Content: Libya seeks return of second-century British artifacts (video)
Culture and Art
Libya seeks return of second-century British artifacts
Copy Link https: / / www.rt.com / svez
The British real estate company "Crown" is facing a lawsuit filed by Libya for the return of artifacts, according to the Irish newspaper "Independent".
The pieces are columns in Windsor Great Park, which the company oversees on behalf of Queen Elizabeth and dates back 2,000 years.
Crown Properties has been asked to either return the artifacts to the North African country or provide evidence that they were not stolen.
Libya is seeking to return the antiquities to the ancient site of Libdeh amicably in principle, but if that is not possible it will turn to UNESCO or enter into a legal dispute by filing a case against the Queen in the United Kingdom courts or the International Court of Justice, arguing that the artifacts were illegally taken by British officials in the 19th century.
Libyan lawyer Mohamed Shaaban said: "We say it was stolen and it should be returned as a matter of moral obligation.
“British values are about doing the right thing, and I think the right thing is returning these artifacts. ”
A legal battle could be fought in the UK courts, or the International Court of Justice, to secure the ornate assortment of stone and marble columns and pedestals.
The ornate collection of stone and marble columns and pedestals was constructed at Leptis Magna in Libya (now Great Lepda) in the 2nd century AD and remained there even after falling into ruin, but in the 19th century it was shipped from Tripoli to the United Kingdom by British diplomat Hanmer Warrington where it was said to be a gift, but Libya claims there is no evidence that it was given as a gift.
Libya informs that the pieces were stolen that the Greek government claimed that the Parthenon marble was illegally taken from Athens by Lord Elgin from 1801 to 1812, the same time the columns were taken from Libya.
Source: The Irish Independent
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Greece and the UK are close to reaching an agreement on the return of the Parthenon sculptures, with secret talks between the British Museum director and the Greek prime minister having taken place.

Title:

Content: Parthenon Sculptures: Agreement to Return Parthenon Marbles to Greece Arrives at Advanced Stage - Reports
• Kitty Razel
• Cultural Affairs Editor
Greece and Britain are close to reaching an agreement to return Parthenon sculptures (also known in Britain as the Elgin Marbles) to Greece, according to a Greek newspaper.
The Nea newspaper reported that the director of the British Museum, George Osborne, the former Chancellor of the Exchequer, held secret talks with the Greek prime minister.
Greece has been demanding the return of the statues for decades.
The British Museum said it was "ready to talk to anyone, including the Greek government" in order to reach a partnership on the subject.
The Parthenon sculptures are considered by many to be among the most important works of art that are being debated for return to their countries of origin.
Carved from the Parthenon Temple in Athens in the 19th century by British diplomat and military officer Lord Elgin, the sculptures were brought to Britain by the British government and placed in the British Museum in 1816.
The marble statues were among those decorated in the 2,500-year-old temple, which was carved by the sculptor Phidias.
The exhibition of the Parthenon Gallery at the Acropolis Museum in Greece was built more than a decade ago to display sculptures there.
In addition to the original marble sculptures that remain in Greece, the exhibition includes plaster copies of those other original marble sculptures that are currently housed in the British Museum and other foreign museums.
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Ta Nea reported that meetings were held with Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis for the first time in London in 2021.
Osborne held preliminary talks with Mitsotakis about the fate of the Greek sculptures at the Greek ambassador's home in Mayfair, and also met with the Greek foreign minister.
He later met with the Greek foreign minister and the Greek minister of state, the paper said.
Mitsotakis met Osborne again this week at the Berkeley Hotel in London.
A Greek source familiar with the matter told the paper that an agreement was almost complete, but important details were still under discussion, that agreement on it was difficult but not impossible, and that tangible progress had been made.
Osborne told LBC that an agreement on Parthenon sculptures was under consideration and could be accomplished if neither party had preconditions or red lines.
A spokesman for the British Museum said the museum had previously called for a partnership on Parthenon sculptures with Greece, adding: “We are seeking a long-term and positive partnership with countries and communities around the world, and that includes Greece of course. ”
"We are acting legally and we will not dismantle our great collection of sculptures, they tell a unique story of human history," the museum said, which may be the most important obstacle to reaching an agreement with Greece.
The Horniman Museum and Gardens in London has signed a partnership agreement on 72 of its holdings, the Bronzes of Benin, with Nigeria over ownership of the artefacts.
The pieces were looted by British troops from the city of Benin, in what is now Nigeria, in 1897.
The museum ’ s director, Nick Merriman, said: “We are in the final stages of getting museums to recognize the era of colonial history. ”
Horniman has been able to act as a charity, and is governed by laws different from those governing national institutions.
British law prohibits the British Museum from relinquishing parts of its holdings, including 900 Benin bronzes, as well as Parthenon sculptures.
I had prepared a report in October on the efforts of the then Minister of Culture, Lord Vizin, to explore the possibility of changing the law.
The Ministry of Culture, Media and Sport said: “The British Museum is prohibited by law from transporting items except in a few exceptional circumstances, and the government is not considering changing this law. ”
Lord Vizi is currently the director of the Parthenon Project, an organization founded by Greek businessman John Levas.
Last summer, the association conducted a survey of 2,000 people about the return of the sculptures to Greece, which found that 54 percent of those surveyed said the sculptures should be returned, while 16 percent disagreed.
The claimants' view was that it originally belonged to Greece.
The Parthenon project is campaigning for a mutually satisfactory solution, and news from the talks suggests that a solution is close.
The project aims to reach an agreement in the interest of both parties, centered on a cultural partnership between the two countries.
According to the Te Nea report, the partnership is at the center of talks between the two sides, and the talk is about the return of the sculptures to Greece while the British Museum hosts archaeological treasures from Greece that have not been exhibited abroad before.
British officials have proposed that London and Athens share the sculptures and have explored the possibility of returning part of them to Greece.
The Greek government is not expected to settle for any solution that does not include the permanent return of the sculptures to Greece.

The proposed 'cultural exchange' agreement between the UK and Greece may facilitate the return of the Elgin Marbles, with the British Museum seeking a mutually acceptable loan deal with Greece.

Title:

Content: LONDON (Reuters) - The historic Greek treasure of Elgin Marbles is nearing its return to its country of origin, 200 years after it was moved and ended up in the British Museum.
The Parthenon marble, seen as a symbol of freedom in Greece, was controversially moved out of the country by a British diplomat in a move that ignited a debate that lasted more than two centuries.
Greece has made repeated requests for the sculptures to be returned after they were controversially removed from one of the world ’ s most historic landmarks.
Prime Minister Rishi Sonak had been scheduled to meet his Greek counterpart Kyriakos Mitsotakis on Tuesday, but Downing Street canceled the arrangement and sent Deputy Prime Minister Oliver Duden instead.
The head of the British Museum, former Conservative Chancellor George Osborne, is pushing for a temporary loan to be returned to Greece, and is believed to have drawn up a deal.
But both Sonak and Labour leader Sir Keir Starmer say they will not support a change to the British Museum law that currently bars their return.
The museum said it was continuing "constructive discussions" about their possible return.
Gin Marble
The Algin marble is 17 sculptures that are 2,500 years old.
His pieces were part of a frieze that adorned the ancient Parthenon temple at the Acropolis in Athens, Greece.
The marbles make up about half of the 160-meter-long frieze of the Parthenon Temple, which is considered one of the greatest cultural monuments in the world.
These sculptures are seen as symbols of freedom in Greece, where they are known as Parthenon marble.
British diplomat Lord Elgin removed the sculptures from the majestic Parthenon temple in the early 19th century.
At that time, he was ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, which ruled Greece.
Beginning in 1801, Lord Elgin is said to have supervised the removal of the marble and shipped it to the UK in 170 boxes.
He is said to have claimed to have obtained permission from the Ottoman Empire to move the marble, but despite massive documentation from that period, nothing was found to support his actions.
In the United Kingdom, Lord Elgin received support and criticism, and sold it to the United Kingdom government in 1816 before the marble was transferred to the custody of the British Museum.
The beginning and evolution of the dispute
The controversy between Greece and Britain can be traced back to when the marble first arrived in Britain due to criticism of its removal.
In 1832, Greece gained independence from the Ottoman Empire before it began trying to recover sculptures and other works of art taken from the country.
In the early 1980s, the actress and then Greek Minister of Culture, Melina Mercury, reignited the campaign when she made it her mission to secure the return of marble sculptures.
In 1983, she met with the director of the British Museum, Dr. David Wilson, in London to demand the return of the sculptures.
She continued to press the museum and the British government until her death in 1994.
Despite other requests and high-level media coverage, no agreement was reached in the years that followed.
A new campaign
In 2009, Greece stepped up its marble recovery campaign after opening a new museum at the foot of the Acropolis Hill, hoping one day to house it.
In 2014, human rights lawyer Amal Clooney called on Britain to start talks with Greece over the return of the Elgin marble.
The lawyer, who is the wife of Hollywood star George Clooney, said: "This is an injustice that has been going on for a long time, in a world full of intractable conflicts."
In 2015, Greece ruled out any legal action against the UK over Elgin Marbles.
In May 2022, the so-called Fagan fragment — a piece showing the foot of the ancient Greek goddess Artemis seated — was permanently returned to Athens from a museum in Italy.
It was originally part of the eastern frieze of the temple dating back to the 5th century BC.
The British reaction
In 2022, there were calls to make it easier for UK museums to consider returning cultural objects, but the government rejected them.
Former Conservative culture minister Lord Vaizi also headed a new body aimed at returning Elgin marble to Greece.
The refusal came after then-Prime Minister Boris Johnson told the Greek prime minister during talks at Downing Street in 2021 that the sculpture issue was "a matter for the curators of the British Museum".
Then, at the beginning of December, George Osborne, the head of the British Museum, reportedly held secret talks with the Greek prime minister about the possibility of returning the marble sculptures.
Negotiations between former Treasury Secretary Osborne and Kiriakos Mitsotakis have been taking place in London since November 2021, according to the Greek daily Ta Nea.
The Greek prime minister has on numerous occasions called for the relocation of the sculptures, and even offered to lend other treasures to the British Museum in return.
A spokesman for Project Parthenon, a campaign advocating the return of marble sculptures, hailed the talks as a “positive sign ” that a“ win-win solution ” to the centuries-old debate could be reached.
Possible deal?
In December last year, Downing Street said there were no plans to change the law that prohibits the museum from disposing of objects in its collection except in very limited circumstances.
A spokesman for the prime minister said: “The Parthenon sculptures are legally owned by trustees and are practically independent of the government. ”
Last month, the British Museum issued a statement saying it would not dismantle its collection “because it tells a unique story of our common humanity, ” but added that it wanted to forge a new“ Parthenon partnership ” with Greece.
The talks in Westminster were used by former culture minister Lord Vaizi to press again for the return of the sculptures.
He said that the frieze in Athens "resembles a film that was cut in half and half of it was moved against the will of its owners to another country."
After cancelling the bilateral meeting between Sonak and Mitsotakis on Tuesday, the Greek leader said he was "disappointed".
Mr Sonak said the UK “has no plans to change our approach ” but“ did not ask him [Mr Mitsotakis] what short-term or new ideas have been put forward ”.
Starmer and Mitsotakis Meet
Opposition Labour leader Sir Kiir Starmer met Mitsotakis on Monday.
A source close to Labour leader Sir Kiir Starmer told the Financial Times he was unlikely to change the law if he won the next election.
"We are committed to the current law, but if a mutually acceptable loan deal can be agreed between the British Museum and the Greek government, we will not stand in the way."
Is the agreement possible?
The head of the National Museum, George Osborne, is understood to have drawn up a deal with Athens, according to the Daily Telegraph.
Current legislation bars the museum from legally granting treasures, but Osborne is said to be seeking to repatriate the antiquities as part of a long-term "cultural exchange."
But this loan deal is not expected to permanently end the long-running dispute.
The article was prepared from the site of (Sky News) British channel:
https: / / news.sky.com / story / elgin-marbles-what-are-they-and-how-did-they-end-up-in-the-british-museum-12779617

A partnership agreement between the UK and Greece is being discussed, which may enable the display of the marbles in Athens and London.

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Content: UK refuses to return Parthenon marble to Greece
Daily Morning and Agencies
Istanbul, Turkey
Posted at 16.01.2023 11: 13
Last update at 16.01.2023 11: 14
Elgin marble sculpture at the British Museum in London (French)
Britain ’ s culture minister has ruled out a permanent return of Parthenon marble to Greece amid reports that a “cultural exchange ” has almost been agreed with Athens.
Minister Michelle Donilan told BBC Radio that the deal, reportedly negotiated by British Museum chief George Osborne, was not about the permanent return of ancient sculptures to Greece.
Donilan said this was "not final or permanent", referring to the deal by Osborne, former finance minister under former prime minister David Cameron.
Such a move would “open the door to the question of the full contents of our museums. ”
The sculpture, also known as Elgin marble, was taken from the Parthenon Temple in the Acropolis of Athens in the early 19th century by British diplomat Thomas Bruce, nicknamed the 8th Earl of Elgin.
Secret talks between Osborne and Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis were reportedly held for a year.
The Daily Telegraph earlier this month, citing media sources, said the reported deal, effectively a loan agreement for the sculpture, could result in the 2,500-year-old relics returning “sooner rather than later. ”
Such an arrangement could circumvent the legal ban on the museum dismantling its huge collection.
Donilan said separately: “Museums are not able to return artifacts legally permanently, which I fully agree with. ”
“A lot of people talked about lending the sculpture for 100 years, which I don ’ t think is in line with the spirit of legislation at all, ” she said, adding that this was not what Osborne was planning to do.
She added that the UK does not want to give up things that have become "national property...
It was seen by people from all over the world, "which the state took great care to preserve.
Elgin VIII took the sculpture when he was British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, and Greece today insists that the marble artifact was stolen, so Athens has waged a long campaign for its return while the UK asserts it was legally obtained.
The return of the marble sculpture remains a highly sensitive topic as the British Museum ’ s huge collection includes many items that other countries now consider looted after being taken over by the builders of the British Empire while the government is wary of setting such a precedent.

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Home > News > Parthenon marbles are to remain in the British Museum

Parthenon marbles are to remain in the British Museum

The museum might yet arrange for the sculptures to be loaned. But Sunak stated that there are no plans to change the statute, which specifies that the museum can only dispose of pieces in its collection under certain circumstances.

British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak has ruled out amending a regulation that prevents the British Museum from permanently returning the Parthenon marbles to Greece.

Sunak confirmed that they have no intention of altering the existing regulations, which limit the museum’s ability to sell or dispose of pieces in its collection except under specific circumstances.

Sunak is unlikely to break with the stances of his two predecessors, who were both against any kind of loan of the marbles to Greece.

“The UK has cared for the Elgin Marbles for generations. Our galleries and museums are funded by taxpayers because they are a huge asset to this country,” Sunak told reporters on his plane as he flew to the United States on monday

“We share their treasures with the world, and the world comes to the UK to see them. The collection of the British Museum is protected by law, and we have no plans to change it.”

Since its independence in 1832, Greece has repeatedly demanded the return of the statues known as the Elgin Marbles, which were stolen from the Parthenon temple in Athens by British ambassador Lord Elgin in the early nineteenth century, while Greece was under Ottoman domination.

George Osborne, a former finance minister and the chair of the British Museum, has been collaborating with Greece to develop a new agreement that would enable the Parthenon sculptures to be displayed in both Athens and London. The Parthenon Project, which has received support from politicians across various parties in the UK, announced on Sunday that a long-term cultural partnership agreement could potentially facilitate the return of the British Museum’s Parthenon collection to Greece.

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The UK Prime Minister opposes the loan of the marbles to Greece, and the UK government has a firm position on the marbles' ownership.

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Greek prime minister tries to broker deal for return of Parthenon marbles

Kyriakos Mitsotakis offers to loan Greek treasures to British Museum if ‘stolen’ sculptures are returned to Acropolis

The Greek prime minister has demanded that the 2,500-year-old Parthenon marbles, which he accuses Britain of stealing, be returned to Greece, and even offered to loan some of his country’s treasures to the British Museum in an attempt to broker a deal.

Kyriakos Mitsotakis told the Daily Telegraph that the sculptures, also known as the Elgin marbles, belong in the Acropolis Museum in Athens.

However, Boris Johnson has previously ruled out returning them on the grounds that they were acquired legally.

Mitsotakis said: “Our position is very clear. The marbles were stolen in the 19th century; they belong in the Acropolis Museum and we need to discuss this issue in earnest.

“I am sure that if there was a willingness on the part of the government to move we could find an arrangement with the British Museum in terms of us sending abroad cultural treasures on loan, which have never left the country.”

The marbles were removed from the Acropolis more than 200 years ago by Lord Elgin in circumstances that have spurred one of the world’s most famous cultural rows and have long been the subject of dispute.

Mitsotakis said he would raise the issue with Johnson when the two meet next week for talks that could shape future relations between the two countries.

“Refusing to discuss the topic seems to me, given the context of everything that has been happening in terms of the return of cultural treasures, to be rather an anachronistic approach,” he added.

“It would be a fantastic statement by what Boris calls Global Britain if they were to move on this and look at it through a completely different lens.”

But Johnson dismissed the appeal for their return to Greece earlier this year, telling the Greek newspaper Ta Nea: “I understand the strong feelings of the Greek people – and indeed prime minister Mitsotakis – on the issue.

“But the UK government has a firm, longstanding position on the sculptures, which is that they were legally acquired by Lord Elgin under the appropriate laws of the time and have been legally owned by the British Museum’s trustees since their acquisition.”

Greece has long called for the reunification of the sculptures, displayed in museums across Europe but mostly in London, and says it is integral to understanding the artworks in the context of the Acropolis.

Greece seeks the permanent return of the sculptures to Greece, but the UK refuses to return the Parthenon marble to Greece permanently.

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Content: Greece is trying to bring back the sculptures of the ancient Parthenon from London
In Greece, the campaign for the return of the ancient Parthenon sculptures taken from Athens from Great Britain has intensified again.
Against this background, the British called on Greece to actively “partnership on the Parthenon ”, but to negotiate the return of cultural values refused.
Greece considers the export of the Parthenon sculptures to the UK illegal and insists on their return.
The British Museum does not discuss this issue, and states that a prerequisite for any negotiations on the Parthenon sculptures is recognition of Britain as their rightful owner.
In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the British envoy to Constantinople, Lord Elgin, took out a huge number of works of ancient Greek art, which was bought by the British Museum.
The collection includes, among other things, pediment statues and metopes of the Athenian Parthenon, Caryatid of Erechtheion, and a statue of Dionysus.
The British Museum claims that Elgin had permission to export - the so-called firman vizier.
The Greeks claim that there were no permits for the export of the sculptures, and Firman assumed only the possibility to make drawings of the statues.
In February 2019, scientists from the Acropolis Museum proved that there were no documents for the export of artifacts.
After that, Greece resumed efforts to return the statues of the Parthenon.

A loan deal proposed for the Elgin Marbles' return to Greece includes Greek treasures being displayed in London, but the UK government has no plans to change the existing regulations on Elgin Marbles.

The British Museum chair, George Osborne, backs a loan deal, and Labour leader Keir Starmer is open to a potential loan deal.

However, Rishi Sunak is skeptical of the loan deal due to return concerns, and the UK is wary of setting a precedent for returning looted items.

The 1963 Act of Parliament stops the British Museum from permanently returning the Marbles, posing a significant obstacle to repatriation.

Greek premier Kyriakos Mitsotakis is to meet UK leaders to discuss the Marbles, in an effort to find a resolution to the dispute.

The British Museum has housed the Marbles in a dedicated room, but many Greek artworks are in storage and unseen.

Greece has called for repatriation over 200 years ago, and the Greek prime minister advocates for the marbles' reunification.

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Content: Stephen Fry calls returning Elgin Marbles to Greece 'A classy thing at last'

THE ELGIN Marbles' return to Greece would be "a classy act" by the UK, says Stephen Fry.

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UK has 'no obligation' to return Elgin Marbles says Widdecombe

Greece has called for the repatriation of the collection of Elgin Marbles for more than 200 years – ever since they were taken from the Parthenon in 1802 on the order of Lord Elgin, Britain's then-ambassador to the Ottoman Empire. Mr Fry, who said he is "very keen" to see the sculptures be returned to Athens, has been the latest to join the debate over the home of the monumental artwork.

The actor and broadcaster suggested the marbles be replaced with a virtual experience.

He stressed that with modern technology the carvings can be replicated using lasers.

He said: "So the British Museum would have a Parthenon experience and you go in and see this fabulous technology using AR helmets or whatever you want to wear and you see how the originals were perfectly reproduced and out in place and you watch them being packed up and put on the train."

The sculptures, which sit at the London-based institution, have not been available to be publicly viewed for nearly a year due to ongoing maintenance work and the coronavirus pandemic.

The British Museum is to reopen its Greek galleries to the public on Monday, December 13.

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Critics argue the Elgin Marbles, which sit at the British Museum, should be repatriated to Greece (Image: Getty)

Mr Fry, 64, said: "I know a lot of people say 'we've looked after them' and it's certainly true we've looked after them, but it would be such a classy act.

"I promise you one million Athenians would come on to the street to welcome them.

"They mean so much to the Greeks, they are part of the nature of what Athens is."

The British Museum houses 15 metopes, 17 pedimental figures and 75 metres of the original frieze.

50 metres remain in Athens and other parts are in museums across Europe.

Comedian Stephen Fry called returning the artwork would be 'a classy act' from Britain's side (Image: Getty)

The sculptures have been a subject of debate ever since the were taken from Greece in 1802 (Image: Getty)

Mr Fry claimed a move such as returning the Elgin Marbles is what the country needs: "There would be a hand-shake ceremony and suddenly people would for once look at Britain and say that was a classy act.

"It would be a classy thing and Britain hasn't done a classy thing for some time."

Greek prime minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis, speaking to the FT ahead of a foreign policy trip to the UK last month, said: "If I were in the PM's shoes and I were thinking out of the box in terms of global Britannia, and the idea of Britain really playing a role in the post-Brexit world, [it] would be a fantastic coup for public diplomacy if they were to look at this from a different perspective."

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Kyriakos Mitsotakis advocates for 'reunification' of Elgin Marbles

Greek prime minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis has urged Boris Johnson to return the marbles to Athens (Image: Getty)

Then, during his visit to London, he urged Prime Minister Boris Johnson to return the priceless ancient sculptures to Greece, again presenting it as a chance for the UK to strengthen its Global Britain standing.

Mr Johnson has so far not shown signs he intends to return the Elgin Marbles.

Speaking to the Greek paper Ta Nea earlier this year, he claimed: "The UK government has a firm, longstanding position on the sculptures.

"They were legally acquired by Lord Elgin under the appropriate laws of the time and have been legally owned by the British Museum’s trustees since their acquisition."

This aligns with the view outlined on the British Museum’s website, which backs Lord Elgin's efforts to bring the marbles to the UK in the early 19th century: "His actions were thoroughly investigated by a parliamentary select committee in 1816 and found to be entirely legal, prior to the sculptures entering the collection of the British Museum by act of parliament."

The British Museum has cared for the Elgin Marbles for generations, but Greece has demanded their return since 1832.

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Content: You are here
Home > News > Parthenon marbles are to remain in the British Museum

Parthenon marbles are to remain in the British Museum

The museum might yet arrange for the sculptures to be loaned. But Sunak stated that there are no plans to change the statute, which specifies that the museum can only dispose of pieces in its collection under certain circumstances.

British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak has ruled out amending a regulation that prevents the British Museum from permanently returning the Parthenon marbles to Greece.

Sunak confirmed that they have no intention of altering the existing regulations, which limit the museum’s ability to sell or dispose of pieces in its collection except under specific circumstances.

Sunak is unlikely to break with the stances of his two predecessors, who were both against any kind of loan of the marbles to Greece.

“The UK has cared for the Elgin Marbles for generations. Our galleries and museums are funded by taxpayers because they are a huge asset to this country,” Sunak told reporters on his plane as he flew to the United States on monday

“We share their treasures with the world, and the world comes to the UK to see them. The collection of the British Museum is protected by law, and we have no plans to change it.”

Since its independence in 1832, Greece has repeatedly demanded the return of the statues known as the Elgin Marbles, which were stolen from the Parthenon temple in Athens by British ambassador Lord Elgin in the early nineteenth century, while Greece was under Ottoman domination.

George Osborne, a former finance minister and the chair of the British Museum, has been collaborating with Greece to develop a new agreement that would enable the Parthenon sculptures to be displayed in both Athens and London. The Parthenon Project, which has received support from politicians across various parties in the UK, announced on Sunday that a long-term cultural partnership agreement could potentially facilitate the return of the British Museum’s Parthenon collection to Greece.

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The proposed cultural exchange agreement between the UK and Greece could provide a resolution to the dispute, with the potential for the Elgin Marbles to be returned to Greece while also promoting cultural cooperation and exchange between the two countries.

The return of the Elgin Marbles could strengthen the UK's Global Britain standing and shape future UK-Greece relations.

The Greek prime minister has urged the UK to return the Elgin Marbles, citing their cultural and historical significance.

The UK museums' return of the Asante Gold to Ghana in a loan deal may pave the way for handling repatriation disputes like the Elgin Marbles, with the deal potentially setting a precedent for future artifact returns.

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Content: UK museums strike loan deal to return Asante Gold to Ghana that was looted over 100 years ago

25 January 2024, 07:25 | Updated: 25 January 2024, 07:27

By Jenny Medlicott

The UK is returning a selection of Asante Gold looted from Ghana over 100 years ago in a historic loan deal.

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The British Museum has struck a deal to return 15 pieces of the gold to Ghana and the Victoria & Albert Museum (V&A) 17 pieces, under a new three-year loan deal.

Loan deals are used as a way to enable collections to return to their countries of origin.

The Ghanian loan deal, which can be extended by an additional three years, was agreed with Otumfo Osei Tutu II, the current Asante king known as the Asantehene.

Some national museums in the UK, including the V&A and British Museum, are prohibited from permanently returning such items to their countries of origin.

The items will reportedly go on display at the Manhyia Palace Museum in Kumasi, the capital of the Asante region, to celebrate the Asantehene's silver jubilee.

Tristram Hunt, director of the V&A, said the gold items taken from the court of the Asante King are the equivalent of "our Crown Jewels".

Mr Hunt also said when museums "hold objects with origins in war and looting in military campaigns, we have a responsibility to the countries of origin to think about how we can share those more fairly today.

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"It doesn't seem to me that all of our museums will fall down if we build up these kind of partnerships and exchanges,” he told the BBC.

It is hoped the historic deal will pave the way for handling other repatriation disputes - potentially including the long-running dispute over the Elgin Marbles.

Ghana’s chief operation said he hoped the deal would bring a “a new sense of cultural co-operation” following years of anger.

However, some have expressed concern that accepting the items on loan could be seen as acceptance of the UK’s ownership of the contested items.

Most of the items were taken during 19th-century wars between the British and the Asante.

A sword of state and gold badges worn by officials charged with cleansing the soul of the king are among the items to be returned.

The artefacts are seen as a symbol of the Asante royal government and are believed to hold the spirits of former Asante kings.

As for other contested artefacts held by British museums, in the case of the Elgin Marbles, a senior British Museum has source said the museum was “still exploring if there is an arrangement that would allow some of the Parthenon sculptures to travel to Greece”.

It is hoped deals such as these could help provide a solution to former colonial nations requesting the return of their cultural treasures.

The British Museum is exploring an arrangement for the Elgin Marbles to travel to Greece, which could be a step towards a potential resolution.

The return of the Elgin Marbles could have significant implications for the UK's cultural heritage policies, with many considering it a matter of rectifying past thefts and injustices.

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Content:
Send Them Home

The Elgin Marbles, actually the Parthenon Marbles, have been Greek for over two thousand years and still are in every way except location. They were taken, realistically stolen, by Lord Elgin in the early 1800s and most people believe should be returned but that is actually illegal under British Museum Act 1963 and offers to ‘lend’ them are insulting.

One of the most obvious concerns that many museums have is that they would be emptied of items that were acquired, a weasel word for stolen, during times when the attitudes were different. Different attitudes do not condone theft.

Let’s return the thefts of the past to their rightful owners and put the past attitudes in the rubbish bin of time.

Dennis Fitzgerald,
Melbourne, Australia

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The British Museum's trustees own the marbles, but many people believe they should be returned to Greece, with 54% of surveyed people agreeing that the sculptures should be returned.

The UK's cultural heritage policies may be affected by the return of the Elgin Marbles, with the potential for a shift in the way the UK approaches the repatriation of cultural artifacts.

The Elgin Marbles are not the only cultural artifacts that the UK is being asked to return, with Nigeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, and China also seeking the return of cultural relics.

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Content: Explainer

Beyond the Elgin Marbles: Which other famous artefacts has the UK been urged to give back?

British museums are bulging with items taken from other countries with - or in many cases without - permission. Greece has made high-profile demands for the return of the Elgin Marbles. Sky News looks at some of the other countries calling for the UK to hand back precious items.

Why you can trust Sky News

Greece has long called for Britain to hand back the Elgin Marbles - 17 sculptures controversially removed from the ancient Parthenon temple 200 years ago.

UK officials have discussed legal ways they could block any export of the sculptures, Sky News understands, as Downing Street cancelled a meeting between Prime Minister Rishi Sunak and his Greek counterpart.

But Greece is not alone in demanding the return of artefacts held by British museums.

Here, Sky News looks at some of the other countries calling for the UK to hand back precious items.

Benin Bronzes - Nigeria

Nigeria has called for the return of the Benin Bronzes - and renewed its demand after it emerged earlier this year that 2,000 artefacts had been stolen from the British Museum.

The artefacts, which date back as far as the 16th century, were taken from Benin City after British forces invaded the Kingdom in modern day Nigeria in 1897.

"They are the subject of loot. They were illegally taken out of the country," said Abba Isa Tijani, director of Nigeria's National Commission for Museums and Monuments, speaking to Sky News in August.

"It is irrespective whether they are safe there. That is not an issue. The issue is that these are stolen artefacts, and they should be returned to Nigeria to the communities that they belong to."

Mold gold cape and Moel Hebog shield - Wales

Thefts at the British Museum also prompted demands for Welsh artefacts to be returned to Wales.

The Mold gold cape, which is around 4,000 years old, and the Moel Hebog shield, thought to be from between the 12th and 10th centuries BC, were among the items in the museum's collection with a Welsh connection.

Liz Saville Roberts, Plaid Cymru MP for Dwyfor Meirionnydd, said the argument that items were safer in London "no longer holds water".

She added: "These items belong to everyone but they belong especially to us in Wales and we have the means for them to play a part in the way we interpret our history."

The Rosetta Stone - Egypt

Egypt petitioned for the return of the Rosetta Stone, saying the "key to the decipherment of hieroglyphs is an icon of our Egyptian identity".

The demand for the British Museum to hand back the artefact, which was taken by the British in 1801 after being uncovered by the French, gained more than 200,000 signatures.

The Maqdala collection - Ethiopia

Crosses, religious texts and a shield were among the items of the Maqdala collection returned to Ethiopia in 2021.

But more artefacts looted by British soldiers during the Battle of Maqdala in 1868 remain in British museums.

Receiving the items, Ethiopia's ambassador to the UK ambassador, Teferi Melesse Desta said: "To honour the memory of Maqdala, I once again renew the calls made by countless Ethiopians before me for museums, collectors and holders of Maqdala heritage to return [these items].

"It is my hope that in the Maqdala returns to come, the relations between our two nations and people can deepen and grow from strength to strength."

Hoa Hakananai'a sculpture - Easter Island/Rapa Nui

In 2018, a delegation from Easter Island asked the British Museum to return a seven-foot tall basalt sculpture known as Hoa Hakananai'a, which means "the stolen or hidden friend" in the Rapa Nui language.

It is believed to date from around 1200 AD. It was removed from the island in 1868 and given as a gift to Queen Victoria.

"This is no rock," Carlos Edmunds, president of the Council of Elders, told the Guardian. "It embodies the spirit of an ancestor, almost like a grandfather. This is what we want returned to our island - not just a statue."

Items from Omdurman battlefield - Sudan

Sudan has demanded the return of artefacts and body parts taken by British soldiers at the Battle of Omdurman in 1898.

Two skulls, a banner and a suit of armour were among the items Sudan want returned.

Cultural relics - China

China joined demands for the return of artefacts after the British Museum theft scandal with an editorial in state-run newspaper The Global Times.

It said there were 23,000 Chinese cultural items in the museum's collection, including statues, bronzes, scrolls "and other extremely valuable national treasures".

"It's difficult to trace how exactly China lost them to the British Museum, but most Chinese collections were certainly looted or stolen by Britain when it created and later took advantage of China's crisis, or even directly robbed China," the editorial said.

"As long as Britain cannot prove which collection was acquired legally and honestly, then the mother country of these collections has the right to seek their repatriation."

Read more:
What are the Elgin Marbles?
British Museum reveals types of items believed to have been stolen

Neanderthal skulls - Gibraltar

In 2018, Gibraltar asked for the return of two Neanderthal skulls display at the Natural History Museum.

The skulls, belonging to an adult woman and a child, are the "best-studied human fossils in the world", according to the Natural History Museum.

"It is only right that such significant items come back home where they will be cherished and well looked after," Gibraltar's minister for heritage said at the time.

The British Museum is seeking a "Parthenon partnership" with Greece, which could potentially include a cultural exchange and the loan of other artifacts.

The return of the Elgin Marbles is a complex issue, with different attitudes and opinions on the matter, but many agree that it is a matter of respecting the cultural heritage of Greece.

Title:

Content:
Send Them Home

The Elgin Marbles, actually the Parthenon Marbles, have been Greek for over two thousand years and still are in every way except location. They were taken, realistically stolen, by Lord Elgin in the early 1800s and most people believe should be returned but that is actually illegal under British Museum Act 1963 and offers to ‘lend’ them are insulting.

One of the most obvious concerns that many museums have is that they would be emptied of items that were acquired, a weasel word for stolen, during times when the attitudes were different. Different attitudes do not condone theft.

Let’s return the thefts of the past to their rightful owners and put the past attitudes in the rubbish bin of time.

Dennis Fitzgerald,
Melbourne, Australia

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The UK and Greece are close to reaching an agreement on the return of the Parthenon sculptures, with the British Museum ready to talk to the Greek government about the sculptures.

Greece has been demanding the return of the sculptures for decades, and the British Museum has proposed sharing the sculptures with Greece.

However, the British Museum law bars the return of the Elgin Marbles, and the UK government has no plans to change the statute on Elgin Marbles.

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Home > News > Parthenon marbles are to remain in the British Museum

Parthenon marbles are to remain in the British Museum

The museum might yet arrange for the sculptures to be loaned. But Sunak stated that there are no plans to change the statute, which specifies that the museum can only dispose of pieces in its collection under certain circumstances.

British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak has ruled out amending a regulation that prevents the British Museum from permanently returning the Parthenon marbles to Greece.

Sunak confirmed that they have no intention of altering the existing regulations, which limit the museum’s ability to sell or dispose of pieces in its collection except under specific circumstances.

Sunak is unlikely to break with the stances of his two predecessors, who were both against any kind of loan of the marbles to Greece.

“The UK has cared for the Elgin Marbles for generations. Our galleries and museums are funded by taxpayers because they are a huge asset to this country,” Sunak told reporters on his plane as he flew to the United States on monday

“We share their treasures with the world, and the world comes to the UK to see them. The collection of the British Museum is protected by law, and we have no plans to change it.”

Since its independence in 1832, Greece has repeatedly demanded the return of the statues known as the Elgin Marbles, which were stolen from the Parthenon temple in Athens by British ambassador Lord Elgin in the early nineteenth century, while Greece was under Ottoman domination.

George Osborne, a former finance minister and the chair of the British Museum, has been collaborating with Greece to develop a new agreement that would enable the Parthenon sculptures to be displayed in both Athens and London. The Parthenon Project, which has received support from politicians across various parties in the UK, announced on Sunday that a long-term cultural partnership agreement could potentially facilitate the return of the British Museum’s Parthenon collection to Greece.

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The British Museum requires recognition of Britain as the rightful owner for negotiations, but Greece insists on the return of the Parthenon sculptures.

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Content: Greece is trying to bring back the sculptures of the ancient Parthenon from London
In Greece, the campaign for the return of the ancient Parthenon sculptures taken from Athens from Great Britain has intensified again.
Against this background, the British called on Greece to actively “partnership on the Parthenon ”, but to negotiate the return of cultural values refused.
Greece considers the export of the Parthenon sculptures to the UK illegal and insists on their return.
The British Museum does not discuss this issue, and states that a prerequisite for any negotiations on the Parthenon sculptures is recognition of Britain as their rightful owner.
In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the British envoy to Constantinople, Lord Elgin, took out a huge number of works of ancient Greek art, which was bought by the British Museum.
The collection includes, among other things, pediment statues and metopes of the Athenian Parthenon, Caryatid of Erechtheion, and a statue of Dionysus.
The British Museum claims that Elgin had permission to export - the so-called firman vizier.
The Greeks claim that there were no permits for the export of the sculptures, and Firman assumed only the possibility to make drawings of the statues.
In February 2019, scientists from the Acropolis Museum proved that there were no documents for the export of artifacts.
After that, Greece resumed efforts to return the statues of the Parthenon.

No specific loan duration or display conditions were mentioned in the provided documents, but a cultural exchange deal is being negotiated between the UK and Greece.

Title:

Content: Greece is trying to bring back the sculptures of the ancient Parthenon from London
In Greece, the campaign for the return of the ancient Parthenon sculptures taken from Athens from Great Britain has intensified again.
Against this background, the British called on Greece to actively “partnership on the Parthenon ”, but to negotiate the return of cultural values refused.
Greece considers the export of the Parthenon sculptures to the UK illegal and insists on their return.
The British Museum does not discuss this issue, and states that a prerequisite for any negotiations on the Parthenon sculptures is recognition of Britain as their rightful owner.
In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the British envoy to Constantinople, Lord Elgin, took out a huge number of works of ancient Greek art, which was bought by the British Museum.
The collection includes, among other things, pediment statues and metopes of the Athenian Parthenon, Caryatid of Erechtheion, and a statue of Dionysus.
The British Museum claims that Elgin had permission to export - the so-called firman vizier.
The Greeks claim that there were no permits for the export of the sculptures, and Firman assumed only the possibility to make drawings of the statues.
In February 2019, scientists from the Acropolis Museum proved that there were no documents for the export of artifacts.
After that, Greece resumed efforts to return the statues of the Parthenon.

The deal may include the British Museum hosting archaeological treasures from Greece, and Greece offering to loan treasures to the British Museum.

Talks for the Elgin Marbles' return are at an advanced stage, with the British Museum and the Greek prime minister in talks.

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Reports say a deal to return Elgin Marbles to Greece is at an "advanced stage"

The Greek daily newspaper, Ta Nea, says talks have been taking place between the British Museum and the Greek prime minister since November last year.

The Greek daily newspaper, Ta Nea, says talks have been taking place between the British Museum and the Greek prime minister since November last year.

Also on the programme: an alternative to plastic; and the story of how a fossil, which lay unnoticed in a drawer for over half a century, has advanced our understanding of the origins of reptiles.

(Picture: One of the Parthenon Statues, also known as the Elgin Marbles. Credit: Reuters)

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A partnership agreement between the UK and Greece is being discussed, which may enable the display of the marbles in Athens and London.

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Home > News > Parthenon marbles are to remain in the British Museum

Parthenon marbles are to remain in the British Museum

The museum might yet arrange for the sculptures to be loaned. But Sunak stated that there are no plans to change the statute, which specifies that the museum can only dispose of pieces in its collection under certain circumstances.

British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak has ruled out amending a regulation that prevents the British Museum from permanently returning the Parthenon marbles to Greece.

Sunak confirmed that they have no intention of altering the existing regulations, which limit the museum’s ability to sell or dispose of pieces in its collection except under specific circumstances.

Sunak is unlikely to break with the stances of his two predecessors, who were both against any kind of loan of the marbles to Greece.

“The UK has cared for the Elgin Marbles for generations. Our galleries and museums are funded by taxpayers because they are a huge asset to this country,” Sunak told reporters on his plane as he flew to the United States on monday

“We share their treasures with the world, and the world comes to the UK to see them. The collection of the British Museum is protected by law, and we have no plans to change it.”

Since its independence in 1832, Greece has repeatedly demanded the return of the statues known as the Elgin Marbles, which were stolen from the Parthenon temple in Athens by British ambassador Lord Elgin in the early nineteenth century, while Greece was under Ottoman domination.

George Osborne, a former finance minister and the chair of the British Museum, has been collaborating with Greece to develop a new agreement that would enable the Parthenon sculptures to be displayed in both Athens and London. The Parthenon Project, which has received support from politicians across various parties in the UK, announced on Sunday that a long-term cultural partnership agreement could potentially facilitate the return of the British Museum’s Parthenon collection to Greece.

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The UK Prime Minister opposes the loan of the marbles to Greece, and the UK government has a firm position on the marbles' ownership.

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Content: You are here
Home > News > Parthenon marbles are to remain in the British Museum

Parthenon marbles are to remain in the British Museum

The museum might yet arrange for the sculptures to be loaned. But Sunak stated that there are no plans to change the statute, which specifies that the museum can only dispose of pieces in its collection under certain circumstances.

British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak has ruled out amending a regulation that prevents the British Museum from permanently returning the Parthenon marbles to Greece.

Sunak confirmed that they have no intention of altering the existing regulations, which limit the museum’s ability to sell or dispose of pieces in its collection except under specific circumstances.

Sunak is unlikely to break with the stances of his two predecessors, who were both against any kind of loan of the marbles to Greece.

“The UK has cared for the Elgin Marbles for generations. Our galleries and museums are funded by taxpayers because they are a huge asset to this country,” Sunak told reporters on his plane as he flew to the United States on monday

“We share their treasures with the world, and the world comes to the UK to see them. The collection of the British Museum is protected by law, and we have no plans to change it.”

Since its independence in 1832, Greece has repeatedly demanded the return of the statues known as the Elgin Marbles, which were stolen from the Parthenon temple in Athens by British ambassador Lord Elgin in the early nineteenth century, while Greece was under Ottoman domination.

George Osborne, a former finance minister and the chair of the British Museum, has been collaborating with Greece to develop a new agreement that would enable the Parthenon sculptures to be displayed in both Athens and London. The Parthenon Project, which has received support from politicians across various parties in the UK, announced on Sunday that a long-term cultural partnership agreement could potentially facilitate the return of the British Museum’s Parthenon collection to Greece.

Top

Greece seeks the permanent return of the sculptures to Greece, but the UK refuses to return the Parthenon marble to Greece permanently.

Title:

Content: Greece is trying to bring back the sculptures of the ancient Parthenon from London
In Greece, the campaign for the return of the ancient Parthenon sculptures taken from Athens from Great Britain has intensified again.
Against this background, the British called on Greece to actively “partnership on the Parthenon ”, but to negotiate the return of cultural values refused.
Greece considers the export of the Parthenon sculptures to the UK illegal and insists on their return.
The British Museum does not discuss this issue, and states that a prerequisite for any negotiations on the Parthenon sculptures is recognition of Britain as their rightful owner.
In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the British envoy to Constantinople, Lord Elgin, took out a huge number of works of ancient Greek art, which was bought by the British Museum.
The collection includes, among other things, pediment statues and metopes of the Athenian Parthenon, Caryatid of Erechtheion, and a statue of Dionysus.
The British Museum claims that Elgin had permission to export - the so-called firman vizier.
The Greeks claim that there were no permits for the export of the sculptures, and Firman assumed only the possibility to make drawings of the statues.
In February 2019, scientists from the Acropolis Museum proved that there were no documents for the export of artifacts.
After that, Greece resumed efforts to return the statues of the Parthenon.

A loan deal proposed for the Elgin Marbles' return to Greece includes Greek treasures being displayed in London, but the UK government has no plans to change the existing regulations on Elgin Marbles.

Title:

Content: You are here
Home > News > Parthenon marbles are to remain in the British Museum

Parthenon marbles are to remain in the British Museum

The museum might yet arrange for the sculptures to be loaned. But Sunak stated that there are no plans to change the statute, which specifies that the museum can only dispose of pieces in its collection under certain circumstances.

British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak has ruled out amending a regulation that prevents the British Museum from permanently returning the Parthenon marbles to Greece.

Sunak confirmed that they have no intention of altering the existing regulations, which limit the museum’s ability to sell or dispose of pieces in its collection except under specific circumstances.

Sunak is unlikely to break with the stances of his two predecessors, who were both against any kind of loan of the marbles to Greece.

“The UK has cared for the Elgin Marbles for generations. Our galleries and museums are funded by taxpayers because they are a huge asset to this country,” Sunak told reporters on his plane as he flew to the United States on monday

“We share their treasures with the world, and the world comes to the UK to see them. The collection of the British Museum is protected by law, and we have no plans to change it.”

Since its independence in 1832, Greece has repeatedly demanded the return of the statues known as the Elgin Marbles, which were stolen from the Parthenon temple in Athens by British ambassador Lord Elgin in the early nineteenth century, while Greece was under Ottoman domination.

George Osborne, a former finance minister and the chair of the British Museum, has been collaborating with Greece to develop a new agreement that would enable the Parthenon sculptures to be displayed in both Athens and London. The Parthenon Project, which has received support from politicians across various parties in the UK, announced on Sunday that a long-term cultural partnership agreement could potentially facilitate the return of the British Museum’s Parthenon collection to Greece.

Top

The British Museum chair, George Osborne, backs a loan deal, and Labour leader Keir Starmer is open to a potential loan deal.

However, Rishi Sunak is skeptical of the loan deal due to return concerns, and the UK is wary of setting a precedent for returning looted items.

The 1963 Act of Parliament stops the British Museum from permanently returning the Marbles, posing a significant obstacle to repatriation.

Greek premier Kyriakos Mitsotakis is to meet UK leaders to discuss the Marbles, in an effort to find a resolution to the dispute.

The British Museum has housed the Marbles in a dedicated room, but many Greek artworks are in storage and unseen.

Greece has called for repatriation over 200 years ago, and the Greek prime minister advocates for the marbles' reunification.

The British Museum has cared for the Elgin Marbles for generations, but Greece has demanded their return since 1832.

Title:

Content: You are here
Home > News > Parthenon marbles are to remain in the British Museum

Parthenon marbles are to remain in the British Museum

The museum might yet arrange for the sculptures to be loaned. But Sunak stated that there are no plans to change the statute, which specifies that the museum can only dispose of pieces in its collection under certain circumstances.

British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak has ruled out amending a regulation that prevents the British Museum from permanently returning the Parthenon marbles to Greece.

Sunak confirmed that they have no intention of altering the existing regulations, which limit the museum’s ability to sell or dispose of pieces in its collection except under specific circumstances.

Sunak is unlikely to break with the stances of his two predecessors, who were both against any kind of loan of the marbles to Greece.

“The UK has cared for the Elgin Marbles for generations. Our galleries and museums are funded by taxpayers because they are a huge asset to this country,” Sunak told reporters on his plane as he flew to the United States on monday

“We share their treasures with the world, and the world comes to the UK to see them. The collection of the British Museum is protected by law, and we have no plans to change it.”

Since its independence in 1832, Greece has repeatedly demanded the return of the statues known as the Elgin Marbles, which were stolen from the Parthenon temple in Athens by British ambassador Lord Elgin in the early nineteenth century, while Greece was under Ottoman domination.

George Osborne, a former finance minister and the chair of the British Museum, has been collaborating with Greece to develop a new agreement that would enable the Parthenon sculptures to be displayed in both Athens and London. The Parthenon Project, which has received support from politicians across various parties in the UK, announced on Sunday that a long-term cultural partnership agreement could potentially facilitate the return of the British Museum’s Parthenon collection to Greece.

Top

The proposed cultural exchange agreement between the UK and Greece could provide a resolution to the dispute, with the potential for the Elgin Marbles to be returned to Greece while also promoting cultural cooperation and exchange between the two countries.

The return of the Elgin Marbles could strengthen the UK's Global Britain standing and shape future UK-Greece relations.

The Greek prime minister has urged the UK to return the Elgin Marbles, citing their cultural and historical significance.

The UK museums' return of the Asante Gold to Ghana in a loan deal may pave the way for handling repatriation disputes like the Elgin Marbles, with the deal potentially setting a precedent for future artifact returns.

The British Museum is exploring an arrangement for the Elgin Marbles to travel to Greece, which could be a step towards a potential resolution.

The return of the Elgin Marbles could have significant implications for the UK's cultural heritage policies, with many considering it a matter of rectifying past thefts and injustices.

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Send Them Home

The Elgin Marbles, actually the Parthenon Marbles, have been Greek for over two thousand years and still are in every way except location. They were taken, realistically stolen, by Lord Elgin in the early 1800s and most people believe should be returned but that is actually illegal under British Museum Act 1963 and offers to ‘lend’ them are insulting.

One of the most obvious concerns that many museums have is that they would be emptied of items that were acquired, a weasel word for stolen, during times when the attitudes were different. Different attitudes do not condone theft.

Let’s return the thefts of the past to their rightful owners and put the past attitudes in the rubbish bin of time.

Dennis Fitzgerald,
Melbourne, Australia

Related Articles

The British Museum's trustees own the marbles, but many people believe they should be returned to Greece, with 54% of surveyed people agreeing that the sculptures should be returned.

The UK's cultural heritage policies may be affected by the return of the Elgin Marbles, with the potential for a shift in the way the UK approaches the repatriation of cultural artifacts.

The Elgin Marbles are not the only cultural artifacts that the UK is being asked to return, with Nigeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, and China also seeking the return of cultural relics.

The British Museum is seeking a "Par

The British Museum is seeking a "Par

The British Museum is seeking a "Par