The J-10 fighter jet has been exported to several countries, including Pakistan, which has purchased 35-40 J-10C aircraft in a deal worth about $1.5 billion.

Pakistan is the only foreign buyer of the J-10, with the J-10CE being the export model of the J-10C.

The J-10C has been praised for its excellent high-altitude and high-speed performance, as well as its improved maneuverability at medium and low altitude.

The J-10C has also been compared to other fighter jets, including the F-16, with some sources suggesting that it has multiple performance advantages, including improved fifth-generation avionics and a lower operating cost.

The J-10C has been described as a 4.5-generation medium-sized fighter jet, with a larger AESA radar than the JF-17 Block 3 and the ability to carry fourth-generation air-to-air missiles.

The J-10C has been nicknamed the "air fighting king" in the Chinese Air Force due to its excellent maneuverability in close combat and its ability to track and attack multiple targets simultaneously.

The J-10C has advanced avionics systems and airborne weapons, including PL-10 and PL-15 missiles, and has participated in the Zhuhai Air Show.

The J-10C has medium-close air control and strike capabilities, and has been inducted into the 15 Squadron of the Pakistan Air Force.

The J-10C has electronic warfare countermeasures, including reduced radar cross section, and combines AESA radars with air-to-air missiles.

The J-10CE has improved avionics and network-centric warfare capabilities, and is expected to become the Pakistan Air Force's elite fighter.

Other countries, including Iran, Turkey, and Sudan, have also shown interest in purchasing the J-10C, citing its cost-effectiveness and improved performance.

The J-10C has a range of 2,500 kilometers and a payload of 1.9 tons, making it a highly versatile fighter jet.

The J-10C has 11 mounting points for weapons and can carry laser-guided missiles and GPS-guided bombs, making it a highly effective strike aircraft.

The J-10C has a single engine and single vertical tail configuration, and its price is half that of the F-16.

The J-10C uses active phased array radar and has made public appearances in recent years, including a parade in 2017.

The J-10C has been compared to the Rafale, with some sources suggesting that it has better maneuverability and carries more missiles.

However, the J-10C's radar system has been criticized for being limited by its engine power, and its design has been questioned for its lack of stealth capabilities.

Despite these limitations, the J-10C remains a highly capable fighter jet, with advanced avionics and weaponry, and is expected to play a significant role in the regional balance of power.

The J-10C's export success is a significant milestone for China's aviation industry, and demonstrates the country's growing capabilities in designing and manufacturing advanced fighter jets.

Overall, the J-10C is a highly advanced fighter jet with improved combat effectiveness, and is expected to be a major player in the regional balance of power for years to come.

The J-10 fighter jet has been exported to several countries, including Pakistan, which has purchased 35-40 J-10C aircraft in a deal worth about $1.5 billion.

Title:

Content: China
China wants to smell.
China 's main fighter jet J-10C first export to Pakistan to fight India' s "gusty wind" procurement engine improved long-range missile deal key
(Ming Pao News) Pakistan's military confirmed on Wednesday (5) that it is buying multi-purpose J-10C fighters from China in response to the introduction of French Rafale fighters by the Indian Air Force. The J-10C is the main equipment of the People's Liberation Army Air Force, and once a deal is reached, it will be the most advanced fighter aircraft exported by China in history and will also be the Pakistan Air Force's strongest fighter.
It has been rumored that the number of J-10Cs exported to Pakistan is 35 to 40, and the price is about 1.5 billion US dollars (about 11.7 billion Hong Kong dollars).
Speaking at a press conference, Maj. Gen. Babar Iftikhar, a spokesman for Pakistan ’ s army, said: “This is a step to upgrade our air force and get the best possible technology because we know what the other side (India) is getting. ”
"Our opponents are using one excuse after another to keep buying the latest equipment," Iftihal warned.
Any conventional imbalance in the region is dangerous, "and" it will lead us into a race to buy more equipment. "
It is expected to purchase more than 30 aircraft, each about $390 million.
This is the first time the Pakistani military has made it clear that it is buying Chinese J-10s, but Iftihar did not say how many will be purchased.
China has not commented on this.
According to the military self-media "white wolf view of the world" on December 23 last year, since the service in 2006, the Chinese Air Force has been equipped with nearly 500 J-10C, becoming the Chinese Air Force's largest number of fighter aircraft.
Its foreign trade version of the J-10CE is also of interest to many countries, including Ukraine and "Pakistan Railway" (the nickname of the mainland people for Pakistan), Pakistan is ready to sign with China 35 to 40 aircraft, worth about 1.5 billion US dollars, each less than 50 million US dollars (about 390 million Hong Kong dollars).
"China Times" reported that this arms case is China's long-awaited defense deal, from the beginning of the J-10A until the J-10C deal, in addition to the Indian purchase of wind, J-10C successfully replaced the turbofan -10 vector thrust engine and decided to match the PL-15 long-range air-to-air missile, is Pakistan willing to finalize the deal two key factors.
Low-price export of Huamou real war inspection J-10C
Another eye-catching item is the price, which was first reported at the 2018 Zhuhai Airshow at $70 million per aircraft, and is now about $50 million.
China is willing to sell to Pakistan at such a low price, in addition to friendly relations, but also considering that the India-Pakistan border may be the only battlefield that can allow the J-10C to have a combat test.
The report also said that last year, China and Pakistan agreed to the export of the Perila-15 (PL-15) long-range air-to-air missile, in addition to the use of the Pakistan Dragon Block 3, can also be equipped with the newly purchased J-10C.
It is believed that after importing the J-10C, its active phased array radar plus the long-range air-to-air missile, as long as it grasps the opportunity and uses it properly, it has the opportunity to defeat the fighter jet.
In 2015, India announced the purchase of 36 French fighter aircraft, worth US $8 billion (about HK $62.4 billion), with a unit price of nearly US $300 million (about HK $2.3 billion).
Pakistan: March National Day parade will see J-10 formation
Pakistan ’ s interior minister, Sheikh Rasheed Ahmad, also revealed plans to buy Chinese fighters at a public event last week, saying that a squadron of 25 J-10s will participate in Pakistan ’ s Independence Day parade on March 23 and that the flyby ceremony “will be conducted by the Pakistan Air Force in response to the (Indian) gusty fighters. ”
The 25 J-10Cs are believed to be the first aircraft to be delivered to Pakistan.
■ Ming Pao reporting hotline: inews @ mingpao.com / 9181 4676
Related words: Gust fighter J-10C Pakistan
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How much does it cost Pakistan to import J-10C Fighters from China?

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Pakistan is the only foreign buyer of the J-10, with the J-10CE being the export model of the J-10C.

Title:

Content: Chinese Army J-10 Crossing the Strait Central Line Ministry of Defense: Strict Monitoring of Missiles
Reporters Lu Chiung-chang / reporting from Taipei
The Ministry of Defense said that since 0600 hours yesterday (8) to 0600 hours, six sorties (including one over the middle line of the strait) and three ships have been detected, and activities around the Taiwan Strait have continued.
The military uses mission aircraft, ships and shore missile systems to closely monitor and respond.
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According to the plan released by the Ministry of Defense, the Chinese People's Liberation Army entered the airspace around the Taiwan Strait, and one of the PLA's J-10 fighters crossed the northern end of the Strait Central Line and immediately turned back.
In the 1980s, Israel Aerospace (IAI) developed the Lavi based on the F-16, but production was canceled due to opposition from the United States.
Since then, Chengdu Aircraft Company has cooperated with Lion to develop new fighters. Although Israel and China ended cooperation after 1989, Chengdu Aircraft Company continued to develop and develop the J-10A in 1998, and completed the test flight of the J-10A, and completed mass production two years later.
The J-10A adopts a single engine, a single vertical tail, and a single wing pneumatic configuration in the dual delta wing, which is characterized by excellent high altitude and high speed performance, and the front delta wing can improve the maneuverability of medium and low altitude, which can effectively shorten the take-off and landing distance.
J-10 fighter after service with Su-27SK, Su-30MKK, J-11 and other fighters formed a high and low match. Although the price of the J-10A is only half that of the F-16, but due to poor reliability, the supporting domestic engine development into a bottleneck, resulting in poor export performance.
After the production of the J-10A, Chengdu Aircraft Company started a performance improvement and improvement program in 2004, and the J-10B was successfully tested in December 2008. The J-10B abandoned the rectangular intake channel design and switched to a Rampless integrated intake channel similar to the FC-1, and continued to improve the launch of the J-10C. 2017 In June, the J-10C participated in the 90th anniversary parade of the People's Liberation Army, making its first public appearance, and the J-10C was replaced with an active phased array radar.
The Pakistan Air Force is the only foreign procurement unit of the J-10, ordering 36 J-10CE fighters, and J-10CE is the export model of the J-10C.
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Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

The J-10C has been praised for its excellent high-altitude and high-speed performance, as well as its improved maneuverability at medium and low altitude.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

The J-10C has also been compared to other fighter jets, including the F-16, with some sources suggesting that it has multiple performance advantages, including improved fifth-generation avionics and a lower operating cost.

Title:

Content: Turkey replaces F-16 with Chinese fighter jet
Wednesday 08 March 2023 - 12: 09 GMT
Kagri Erhan, a member of the Security Council and Foreign Policy of the Turkish Presidency, announced that Ankara is expected to abandon its requests for American-made fourth-generation F-16C / D fighter jets due to the availability of a better alternative.
World - Turkey
The Turkish official noted that the “$20 billion cost package ” and the availability of more cost-effective options, notably the Chinese J-10C, could make such a rollout a reality.
"Now we have other options such as the Chinese plane that was sold to Pakistan, the Russian planes and also the Eurofighter," he said.
According to Miltary Watch, Pakistan began receiving Chinese J-10C fighters in February 2022.
The Chinese fighter is of the same weight as its American counterpart, the F-16, but it is several decades newer with multiple features and performance advantages, especially in terms of armament, flight and flight performance.
It is a lightweight single-engine fighter with low operating cost and improved fifth-generation avionics.
Chinese aircraft also have similar capabilities and in most respects are superior to their American counterparts, in addition to requiring less maintenance needs and much faster delivery time.
Although Turkey is the largest foreign operator of the US F-16, with about 250 in service, which means the new aircraft can be easily integrated with existing training and logistics systems and weapons, China has in the past modified its fighters to be able to operate US weapons at the request of foreign customers.
One of the main advantages of the Chinese fighter is its very low cost compared to its American counterpart, due to the fact that China manufactures large quantities of them, unlike the American.
Turkey ’ s preference for lightweight fighters makes the Chinese single-engine aircraft an effective and pioneering option.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

What is the price of J-10 Fighter that China exports?

The J-10C has been described as a 4.5-generation medium-sized fighter jet, with a larger AESA radar than the JF-17 Block 3 and the ability to carry fourth-generation air-to-air missiles.

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Content: Adsence Ads 300X250
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PAF formally inducts Rafale rival China-made J-10C fighter jets

Web Desk BOL News

11th Mar, 2022. 02:25 pm
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KAMRA: The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) formally inducted a modern Chinese-made J-10C multi-role combat aircraft also known as “vigorous dragon” during a ceremony held at Kamra Airbase on Friday.

Prime Minister Imran Khan attended the induction ceremony of the single-engine fighter jet at the invitation of Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) Air Chief Marshal Zaheer Ahmad Babar, along with other federal ministers and the Chinese ambassador.

During the ceremony, The Prime Minister has witnessed a thrilling flypast of various aircraft formations, including the newly inducted J10C, F-16s, JF-17s, and Mirages, which displayed a sophisticated array of avionics and weaponry.

Read more: PAF’s acquisition of J10-C

Following the flypast, the Prime Minister witnessed the landing of five J-10C aircraft, which have been inducted into the 15 Squadron.

The J-10C is larger and can be outfitted with a bigger active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar than the JF-17 Block 3 uses.

The aircraft can carry fourth-generation air-to-air missiles such as the short-range PL-10 and the beyond-visual-range PL-15.

According to a foreign media report, China will deliver a total of 25 J-10C fighter jets to Pakistan, significantly increasing the country’s military capability to defend airspace.

Read more: J-10C induction ceremony: Pakistan knows how to protect its boundaries, says Imran

After being tested in Chengdu, the first batch of combat aircraft arrived in Pakistan a few days ago.

Images of a Pakistan Air Force (PAF) J-10C fighter jet with the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) markings recently surfaced on social media and were widely circulated by media outlets.

Chinese analysts have praised the latest defence cooperation between China and Pakistan, saying that the move is significant for both countries because it strengthens the Pakistani military’s combat capabilities, promotes China’s aviation equipment, and serves regional security interests.

“The J-10C will significantly improve the Pakistan Air Force’s combat capabilities,” Chinese analysts predicted.

“The J-10C is a 4.5-generation medium-sized fighter jet that is more powerful than the China-Pakistan jointly developed lightweight fighter jet, the JF-17, which is currently in service with the Pakistan Air Force,” Shi Hong, Executive Chief Editor of Shipborne Weapons, told the Global Times.

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How is J-10C Fighter compared with JF-17, another jet fighter that China exports?

J-10 can be outfitted with a bigger active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

What missiles can China's J-10 FIghters carry?

The J-10C has been nicknamed the "air fighting king" in the Chinese Air Force due to its excellent maneuverability in close combat and its ability to track and attack multiple targets simultaneously.

Title:

Content: Three years in a row to crush the J-16-10C "Golden Helmet" competition to win the close combat
▲ The southern combat zone air force "Yunling Red Hawk" equipped with J-10C fighter aircraft.
(Photo / Reproduced from Chinese military website)
Special correspondent Chen Meng-meng / Comprehensive report
The PLA Air Force ’ s annual “Golden Helmet ” award competition has recently begun, and the J-10C once again pressed the J-16 to obtain the dominant position of the martial arts.
It is understood that this is the J-10C has won this highest honor for three consecutive years since 2019, especially its ability to kill in close-range combat, which has frequently made famous fighters such as the J-16 and the Su-35 suffer, and thus the aircraft has enjoyed the reputation of "air fighting king" in the Chinese Air Force.
According to the official WeChat account of the Southern Air Force, “Southern Air Force ”, the test of the“ Golden Helmet -2021 ” of the Air Force has come to an end. The team of the Southern Air Force pilots Gao Benchao and Yang Shuai won the crown and won two “Golden Helmets ”. It is clear that they are armed with J-10C fighters.
▼ Two pilots from the Southern Combat Air Force ’ s “Yunling Red Hawk ” won the highest honor of the 2021“ Golden Helmet ”.
(Photo / Reprinted from WeChat public number "Southern Air Force")
Official reports revealed that in the final showdown, the enemy aircraft quickly rose to a high altitude, using its equipment advantages to first launch people and launch missiles, at which time Gao Benchao and Yang Shuai were in danger and successfully avoided missile attacks.
At the second entry, the two sides fought from the middle to the close, after several dogfights, the final high Ben super successfully suppressed the enemy, and then seized the favorable opportunity to attack the enemy, complete the double kill, and achieve a victory in this crucial battle.
According to public information, Gao Benchao's unit is the Yunling Red Hawk, an air force brigade in the southern combat zone, which is nicknamed the "Great Red Hawk Brigade" by mainland military fans because of the large Red Hawk mark painted on its aircraft.
This aviation brigade stationed in the southwest region, once won three gold helmets in one fell swoop and became famous in the first war of the Chinese Air Force Golden Helmets.
Interestingly, the brigade's predecessor was the first fully equipped and formed fighter J-10 regiment, and in 2016 began to load J-10C fighters in bulk.
As the latest improvement model of the J-10 series of fighters, the biggest improvement of the J-10C is to replace the active phased array radar, which greatly increases the effective detection distance to air targets, and at the same time, it is also equipped with a large number of missile warning devices to further improve survivability, and the infrared detection tracking system allows the aircraft to detect opponents through infrared means.
In terms of weapon configuration, the J-10C can carry a variety of China's latest domestic air-to-air missiles, including the Perke-15 long-range radar guided missile and the Perke-10 infrared fighting missile.
After many air battles in the past, although the J-10C aircraft radar is inferior to the J-16, this "quasi-stealth fighter" occupies an advantage in radar reflection signal characteristics, effectively reducing the distance locked by the J-16 airborne phased array radar.
The pilots successfully avoided the deadly attack of the missile, after optimizing the rear duck layout of the J-10C, pulled to the close combat against the J-16, Su-35 such a conventional layout aircraft, obviously excellent maneuverability has become the key to victory.
▼ J-16 can not win at the middle distance, and the battle line is obviously not as close as -10C. (Graph / CFP)
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The J-10C has advanced avionics systems and airborne weapons, including PL-10 and PL-15 missiles, and has participated in the Zhuhai Air Show.

Title:

Content: Zhuhai Air Show _ A large number of PLA aircraft gathered J-10C and many weapons arrived at night
Author: Su Zimu
Published: Updated:
The latest Zhuhai Air Show is about to open on September 28, and a large number of PLA aircraft are beginning to gather.
Among them, the J-10C fighter aircraft participated in the exhibition for the first time.
The news of the comprehensive network on September 22, when the evening was approaching, the J-10C that participated in the Zhuhai Air Show appeared in the sky above the Zhuhai airport.
It is reported that this is the first time that J-10C participated in the Zhuhai Air Show.
According to the observation of the scene, the J-10C carries a number of weapons systems, including auxiliary fuel tanks. The J-10C is an improved model on the basis of the J-10B. It has a great difference between the J-10B and the J-10A.
Unlike the rest of the display army, the J-10C's transition is close to the "actual combat", in addition to the day and night, but also in the strange airport landing, during which the J-10C did not observe the runway by cutting into the runway above the airport runway, but directly targeted the runway for landing.
The J-10C is a third-generation supersonic multipurpose fighter independently developed by China, equipped with advanced avionics systems and multi-type advanced airborne weapons, with medium-close air control and accurate strike capabilities against ground and sea targets.
On 22 September, in addition to the J-10C of the combat troops, there were also J-10A and J-10S from the Chinese Air Force's August 1 flight performance team, and a total of seven J-10A / S fighters arrived in Zhuhai.
At that time, the Chinese Air Force's 81 Flight Performance Team will perform a flight performance.
Prior to the official performance, the Air Force's August 1 flight performance team will conduct related training activities, and there will be other aircraft display activities.
The J-16D electronic warfare aircraft will be unveiled for the first time (please click on the big picture to browse):
+ 4
Today, the PLA has been equipped with a series of fighter aircraft, in addition to the J-10 series, there are also new models such as the J-16 and J-20.
In addition, the J-16D electronic warfare aircraft will also be unveiled at the air show for the first time.
At present, it is known that the main fighter models of China Airlines participating in the air show are J-20, J-10A / S / C, J-16D, J-7A, J-6N, Air Police-500, Air Submersible -200, Y-20, Z-10, Z-8L, Z-8L, Z-8, J-9, J-19, J-10, J-Dragon, etc.
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What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

What may some improvements made in China's J-10 Fighter help Pakistan Airforce?

Enable Pakistan Air Force to carry more missiles to perform combat missions

What missiles can China's J-10 FIghters carry?

What specific models of missiles can China's J-10 FIghters carry?

The J-10C has medium-close air control and strike capabilities, and has been inducted into the 15 Squadron of the Pakistan Air Force.

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

The J-10C has electronic warfare countermeasures, including reduced radar cross section, and combines AESA radars with air-to-air missiles.

Title:

Content: The Pakistan Air Force has just imported a new J-10CE fighter from China, which has attracted the attention of foreign media to China's self-designed and developed 4-generation fighter.
Foreign media also noted a new discovery that has not been reported in the past: this batch of J-11CEs has a similar gold cockpit cover to the US military F-22, its function should be as a low-visibility coating, indicating that the J-10CEs have been fundamentally improved from the basic 4-generation fighter base.
From the first J-10A fighter put into use in 2005, to the appearance of the most advanced variant of the J-10C in the spring of 2018, the performance of this fighter has been fundamentally improved from the relatively basic fourth-generation fighter.
The most significant improvements include new avionics, network-centric warfare capabilities, helmet sights, and electronic warfare countermeasures, and the combination of AESA radars with the Peri-15 and Peri-10 air-to-air missiles. Although not built around stealth capabilities like the fifth-generation fighter, the J-10C ’ s radar cross section has been significantly reduced.
Pakistan ’ s purchase of the J-10CE is considered more likely to take part in combat than China ’ s own fighter jets, due to repeated clashes along the India-Pakistan border over the years.
As a result, the purchase of Pakistan has raised a lot of concern about the future performance of this fighter.
Foreign media pointed out that one feature of the J-10CE has attracted considerable attention, that is, the fighter's golden cockpit cover, which is very rare on the 4th generation fighter, but has been seen on the J-20 and the American F-22 Raptor fighter.
Under certain lighting conditions, the cockpit cover of the J-10CE is golden yellow due to an indium oxide tin conductive film coating between the optical glass layers.
This color coating is mainly used to scatter radio waves from the cockpit to reduce the radar cross-sectional area of the fighter.
This feature is one of several new technologies introduced by Pakistan, which is also the first country in the region to benefit from the technology. With the J-10CE expected to become the elite fighter in the Pakistan Air Force in the next few years, its golden cockpit cover symbolizes the aircraft ’ s status.
Article source: US media: Pakistan J-10CE has F22 style cockpit cover status is not ordinary
# J-10CE # F-22 # Pakistan # China # Fighter

How is J-10C Fighter compared with JF-17, another jet fighter that China exports?

J-10 can be outfitted with a bigger active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

What missiles can China's J-10 FIghters carry?

The J-10CE has improved avionics and network-centric warfare capabilities, and is expected to become the Pakistan Air Force's elite fighter.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Other countries, including Iran, Turkey, and Sudan, have also shown interest in purchasing the J-10C, citing its cost-effectiveness and improved performance.

Title:

Content: Retired general pointed out on May 29 that the old equipment of Iran's air force, coupled with continued European and American sanctions, led to the continuous crash of US-made F-5 and other aircraft; experts believe that in Russia's arms supply chain also fell into instability due to sanctions, China's large-scale J-10C will become the most likely option for Iran's next generation of fighters.
An Iranian Air Force F-7 fighter jet crashed on May 24 about 124 miles (200 kilometers) east of central Isfahan, killing two of its pilots; its American-made F-5 fighter jet crashed in February this year and in June last year in northwestern Tabriz and southwestern Tabriz. In Dezful, four pilots were killed.
Retired Brigadier General Kioumars Heidarian told Iran International, a London-based Persian-language satellite news channel, that no country can completely avoid aviation accidents, but the difficulty of importing parts and equipment for the Iranian Air Force under European and American sanctions, coupled with the aging of the fleet, has led to repeated accidents.
Military expert Paul Iddon pointed out in Forbes that the outside world had originally speculated that Iran would procure the next generation of fighters in the 2020s or early 2030s, which could replace heavy fighters such as the F-14 and F-4 with the Russian-made Su-30SM or Su-35, and light fighters such as the MiG-29 with the Continental J-10C.
However, under European and American sanctions, Russia may face serious supply chain problems; coupled with advanced equipment such as the J-10C equipped with active electronic scanning array (AESA) radar and the Perak 15 (PL-15) long-range air-to-air missile, Iran may only purchase the J-10C.
However, Eden also said that since the Iranian Revolutionary Guard (IRGC) is the country's most powerful armed force, and it would prefer to spend money on ballistic missiles and drones rather than import advanced fighters to foreign countries, the Iranian Air Force may not be allowed to replace its old fighters at all.
Sanctions Cause Iran's High Rate of Air Force Accidents - Veteran Pilot
Iran's Vintage Fighter Jets Keep Falling Out of the Sky
# Russia # China # Iran # J-10 # F-5

Title:

Content: The American F-16...
Information on the Chinese J-10C fighter
© AFP 2023 / KARIM SAHIBChinese J-10 fighter
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The Chinese J-10 is touted as the best alternative to the US fourth-generation F-16, which has led some countries to consider acquiring it.
China has produced about 350 such aircraft since they entered service in 2005, according to Military Factory.
The aircraft has a single crew and is used by China and Pakistan and is designed for aerial combat missions with a variety of weapons.
Turkey to replace F-16 with Chinese fighter jet
Photos & Videos
What are the technical specifications of the J-10?
Length: 15.5 meters.
Distance between wings: 9.7 meters.
Height: 4.7 meters.
Weight of empty aircraft: 9.7 tons.
The total weight of the aircraft is 18.5 tons.
Speed: 2,336 km / h.
Altitude: 20,000 meters.
Range: 1800 kilometers.
What is the arming of the J-10?
The Chinese J-10 has six under-wing and five under-hull external suspension points that allow it to carry a large external payload of weapons, including air-to-air missiles, laser-guided bombs and other types of conventional bombs, as well as a 23 mm internal machine gun.
There are several versions of the aircraft, some with one seat and others with two seats for training tasks, including:
The J-10A is a single-seat multirole fighter.
J-10B: Marine version with twin-engine engines.
J-10C: An upgraded version of the B version with an electronic radar and infrared guidance system for missiles.
© AFP 2023 / WANG ZHAO Chinese J-10 fighter
The Chinese J-10 fighter.
The J-10C is an upgraded export version, which Turkey may acquire as a replacement for the U.S. F-16 fighter jets.
Earlier, a Turkish presidential official said Ankara was expected to abandon the U.S. F-16 fighter jets due to the availability of a better alternative in the Chinese J-10 signal.
© SputnikWhat are the capabilities of the Chinese J-16 fighter?
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Title:

Content: Russia ’ s poor performance on the Ukrainian battlefield has become a global laughingstock, and it is expected that Russia, as an arms exporter, will lose a large number of orders and turn to China.
As a matter of fact, the Russian-Ukrainian war is still at a stalemate, and the old Russian military customer, Sudan, an Islamic state in North Africa, has decided to buy the J-10C fighter that China has strongly promoted in recent years. If the two sides are determined, Sudan will be the second customer of China's J-10C export after Pakistan.
Turkish media International Defense Analysis (IDA) recently reported the news, but did not specify the amount and price of the purchase, which may be that the details of the sales contract are still under negotiation.
If the price of export to Pakistan is estimated at 40 million US dollars, the price of Sudan's purchase may be higher, because Pakistan's order is the first order of J-10C export, the price is naturally more favorable, and now Sudan's purchase to China is mainly Russia's image destruction, not the price factor; The aim is to counter India ’ s established French Tornado fighter, US-made F-16 and Indian Su-30MKI, but Sudan does not currently have this need, and may only be equipped with the shorter range PL-10, but this part may have little impact on the price.
At the beginning of this year, Pakistan officially released the news of the purchase of J-10C, there are unconfirmed rumors that J-10C may appear in Africa a second customer, which is more likely to be Sudan, and the purchase of the model will not be J-10C, the cooperation between China and Pakistan JF-17 Dragon is also one of the options, after all, JF-17 uses more customers.
With an area of nearly 2 million square kilometers, the Islamic state of Sudan in North Africa is the third largest country in Africa. Its name Sudan means "black land" in official Arabic.
Sudan, ruled by a military government, has long been plagued by the Darfur conflict and South Sudan's independence, and has been named the "most unstable country in the world".
Economically based on agricultural and animal husbandry processing products, the military has long been supported by the former Soviet Union and Russia, and the existing weapons are mostly Russian-Chinese systems, and there are a small number of US-French weapons.
The aircraft purchased from China and Russia are mostly old models, such as China's Keang-5, J-7, FTC-2000, etc. The Russian-made MiG-23, MiG-29, Su-24, Su-25, etc., a total of about 40 ~ 50 aircraft.
The FTC-2000, also known as the Jian-9, is considered to be the third generation trainer, so there has been a need to update the fighter fleet for many years.
From the perspective of the composition of the Sudanese Air Force, it is still the largest number of Russian-made fighters, so it is the most likely to buy Russian-made fighters again.
Although the French surge is also actively in contact, the price of each aircraft is as high as 100 to 200 million US dollars to deter the sultan.
Since this year, the Russian Air Force and fighter aircraft have shown everyone ’ s surprise, which has seriously hit the outside world ’ s perception of Russian-made military fire, so the J-10C seized the opportunity as early as the contact, although it has not yet achieved actual combat results, but also Pakistan began to use on the tense India-Pakistan border, there are not many buyers in the international search, in the current atmosphere, the J-10C deal is finally Get a breakthrough.
The size of Sudan's air force is small, if the first batch of J-10C is purchased, the number should only be more than 10, about enough to form a squadron.
In recent years, China has pushed J-10C internationally, and many countries have expressed interest. In addition to Thailand in Southeast Asia and Argentina in South America, some countries in the Middle East and Africa have also been considered.
Especially after Russia ’ s performance in Ukraine has become an international laughingstock, many customers who used Russian-made aircraft in the past should turn to China.
In addition to fighter aircraft, other ground weapons or various types of frigates, unmanned ships and now the most popular drones, will also be due to the performance of the Russian army and China get a large number of orders.
Since fighter trading has always been the largest trading item in the international arms market, if China ’ s J-10C can have a big win in this wave of Russian orders, it will significantly boost China ’ s ranking in the global arms market share.
According to the 2021 ranking of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, the United States ranked first in arms transactions for the year with 39%, Russia ranked second with 19%, France ranked third with 11%, and China ranked fourth with 4.9%.
And France ’ s share of the increase mainly comes from India and the Middle East countries to buy surge fighters, China J-10C this year has Pakistan ’ s deal, if coupled with Sudan ’ s order, it may surpass France to become the world ’ s fourth largest arms exporter in 2022, if the J-10C can thus open the market, and even in a few years may surpass Russia, to become only the United States defense industrial power.
Source: Headlines Revealed on Facebook.com
# J-10C # SUDAN # JET # ARMY # RUSSIA

Which African country may purchase China's J-10 FIghter?

Which country may purchase China's J-10 Fighter as an alternative to the U.S. F-16 Fighters?

Which African country may purchase China's J-10 FIghter?

Which country may purchase China's J-10 Fighter as an alternative to the U.S. F-16 Fighters?

Which African country may purchase China's J-10 FIghter?

Which country may purchase China's J-10 Fighter as an alternative to the U.S. F-16 Fighters?

The J-10C has a range of 2,500 kilometers and a payload of 1.9 tons, making it a highly versatile fighter jet.

Title:

Content: If the J-20 is China ’ s top and most popular fighter, then the J-10C should be given the most expectations, because the CCP believes it is a more competitive fighter in the international arms market in recent years. Although the J-10 was designed in the 1980s, after many improvements and upgrades, it has spawned at least 11 models, and its export model, the J-10C, has gradually opened up the international market. There was a lot of praise in the beginning.
Foreign military analysts believe that after continuous upgrading, the J-10 fighter will be able to use by the 2040s, becoming the United States F-15's most powerful competitor.
The initial design was a 3rd generation fighter architecture, but the constantly upgraded J-10 series has been included in the 4th generation fighter by many experts, it has more than 11 mounting points under the fuselage and wing, and can carry an astonishing number of weapons, including laser-guided missiles, GPS-guided and glide bombs, as well as general air-to-air and ground attack ammunition.
The J-10 was designed by Chengdu Aircraft Design Institute (611) and manufactured by Chengdu Aircraft Company. It was designed in the 1990s, when the PLA developed its own fighter aircraft with a program called the "Destroying Project Plan". It was the No. 10 project, hence the name J-10.
The original concept was to extensively use the technology of the 1980s US F-15 and F-16 fighter aircraft and new fighter manufacturing concepts. The chief designer was Song Wenchong, which first flew in 1998 and entered service in 2003.
With a range of 2,500 kilometers and a payload of 1.9 tons, the J-10 has appeared in at least 11 types of aircraft after years of modification on this basis, making it the largest number of derivative aircraft in China.
According to the British Institute for International Strategic Studies (IISS) estimates, the Chinese air force currently has at least 540 J-10s, which can be assembled on a large scale to deal with super large battles.
The "Global Defense" website has carefully analyzed the latest J-10 upgrade to a phased array radar, which can control multiple modes of fire control radar and track 10 targets at the same time. If it is a semi-active radar, it can attack 2 targets at the same time, and if it is an active radar, it can attack 4 targets at the same time.
Analysis pointed out that the ability to track and attack multiple targets at the same time is very important for modern aircraft, and this ability can also be matched to the AN / APG-63 (V1) radar on the F-15.
Later, Boeing again updated the active phased array radar version of the F-15, allowing the F-15 to follow 14 targets simultaneously and attack six of them simultaneously.
This upgrade is said to maintain a nominal advantage over the J-10 fighter that has replaced the active phased array radar.
The upgrade of the J-10 is also the most noteworthy, including the replacement of its domestic engine WS-10B, and the 2018 Zhuhai Air Show was also the first time that the J-10B was equipped with a thrust vector jet engine for a difficult flight performance, which won the attention of many international media and heated discussion on the Internet.
Since then, the WS-10 engine has gradually replaced the Russian AL-31 engine, and some of the J-20 fighters have been switched to the WS-10.
In addition, military experts also noted that the new version of the J-10 also uses a water drop type cockpit cover, allowing the pilot to have a wider and nearly 360-degree all-round view.
Analysts believe that after the radar, fire control, avionics, cockpit covers and engines have been upgraded, the J-10 has the ability to fly into the 2040s, and in recent years began to complete transactions in the international market, proving that nearly 20 years of continuous upgrading and improvement has achieved considerable results, and will also become a very strong international competitor for the United States F-15 fighter.
However, to compare the F-15 with the J-10, some people may think that it is not fair.
Because the F-15 architecture was determined in the late 1960s, it first flew in the early 1970s; in contrast, the J-10 was determined in the early 1980s, and it first flew in the late 1990s.
The theoretical basis of the original design is more than 10 years apart, and the final design is more than 20 years apart.
From the design background difference analysis, the F-15 is a high thrust ratio, low wing load, low resistance high-speed air superiority fighter designed by the US military according to the experience of the Vietnam War and the failure of the F-4 Phantom fighter. Air and ground attack aircraft.
Therefore, some analysts believe that if we want to compare, J-10 may be more suitable to take the F-16 as the target.
Coupled with the tense situation in the Taiwan Strait in recent years, there are more and more people are more concerned about the comparison of the J-10 and Taiwan's main air force fighter F-16.
Source: Headlines Revealed on Facebook.com
# J-10 # fighter # J-20 # F-15 # Chengdu Aircraft Company

The J-10C has 11 mounting points for weapons and can carry laser-guided missiles and GPS-guided bombs, making it a highly effective strike aircraft.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

What may some improvements made in China's J-10 Fighter help Pakistan Airforce?

Enable Pakistan Air Force to carry more missiles to perform combat missions

The J-10C has a single engine and single vertical tail configuration, and its price is half that of the F-16.

What is the price of J-10 Fighter that China exports?

The J-10C uses active phased array radar and has made public appearances in recent years, including a parade in 2017.

How is J-10C Fighter compared with JF-17, another jet fighter that China exports?

J-10 can be outfitted with a bigger active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

The J-10C has been compared to the Rafale, with some sources suggesting that it has better maneuverability and carries more missiles.

Title:

Content: What's new

J 10 CP is really a good Enough to Counter Rafale and S 400

Super Falcon

ELITE MEMBER
Jul 3, 2008
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Guys there are some facts we blindly ignore as patwaris

If j 10 brings same weapon package as thunder the major difference wont be much and russian engine do not produce enogh power to let AESA radar of J 10 work at its full potential

Only. Difference is
Better manuverability
Carry more missiles

For me its not enough

India have signed a deal to upgrade all rafales to F4 varient standard which has better protection with dummy target to save it self from imminent destruction

Rafale has better instantaneous turn rate than j 10
J 10 has some major flaws

Super Falcon

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I dont agree paf made a right choice it is a panic tion

We should have thoight of gripens in small numbers
Gripen had worlds best EW suits

And complimented with Erieye AWACS in paf

Not a wise choice
I have faith in PAF.
Good but there should be sense

Paf did failed in kargil by not buying bvr missiles on time but india did this is why india bombed tiger hill our jets could not stopped them due to bvr with mirages

We lost it we lost ASW atlantique also

Accept the facts. Dont put faith blindly

Fact is there r some weaknesses which ignored

I have faith on ALLAH but dosent. Mean i do nothing
J 10 against sukhois and mirages will do better but rafale dont have chance

Last edited:

Super Falcon

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I think psf wasting time and money on un necesary things guy in video mentioned beautyfully weknesses which are very genuine

Users Who Are Viewing This Thread (Total: 4, Members: 3, Guests: 1)

Top Bottom

What may some improvements made in China's J-10 Fighter help Pakistan Airforce?

Enable Pakistan Air Force to carry more missiles to perform combat missions

However, the J-10C's radar system has been criticized for being limited by its engine power, and its design has been questioned for its lack of stealth capabilities.

Despite these limitations, the J-10C remains a highly capable fighter jet, with advanced avionics and weaponry, and is expected to play a significant role in the regional balance of power.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

The J-10C's export success is a significant milestone for China's aviation industry, and demonstrates the country's growing capabilities in designing and manufacturing advanced fighter jets.

What has China said about its J-10C Fighter?

It is the most competitive fighter jet in the international arms market in recent years.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Overall, the J-10C is a highly advanced fighter jet with improved combat effectiveness, and is expected to be a major player in the regional balance of power for years to come.

What has China said about its J-10C Fighter?

It is the most competitive fighter jet in the international arms market in recent years.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter


Saharan dust storms are expected to bring hazy skies and breathing troubles to San Antonio, TX, especially for those with respiratory illnesses like asthma.

The dust storms can cause respiratory issues and worsen air quality, and the city should invest in digital inclusion and smart infrastructure to enhance its resilience.

Saharan dust storms can reduce solar energy production by up to 80%, but forecasting and proactive management can mitigate their effects.

Implementing early warning systems, like Doppler radar, can help San Antonio, TX, mitigate the effects of Saharan dust storms on air quality and human health.

The city should work with international organizations to develop early warning systems for dust storms within four years.

Saharan dust storms have varying impacts, including suppressing hurricanes and fertilizing ocean life, which the city should consider when preparing for the storms.

The Saharan Air Layer, from June to November, prevents storms, gives Texas skies a milky hue, and causes orange horizons at sunrise and sunset.

The city should prepare for Saharan dust storms' potential health impacts, including respiratory issues and allergies, by taking measures like staying indoors during high dust periods.

The city's preparations should include measures to mitigate dust storms' effects on the power grid, traffic, and public health.

The city should collaborate with international organizations to develop early warning systems for dust storms using advanced technologies like IoT sensors and AI-based forecasting.

The city should weigh the costs and benefits of mitigating Saharan dust storms, including cleaning solar panels and improving air quality.

The city's preparations should be guided by the latest research on Saharan dust storms, developed in consultation with international organizations, residents, and researchers.

San Antonio, TX, can reduce the impacts of Saharan dust storms by working together and taking a proactive approach.

Saharan dust storms are expected to bring hazy skies and breathing troubles to San Antonio, TX, especially for those with respiratory illnesses like asthma.

Title:

Content: Breaking News
More () »

San Antonians may want to stay indoors next week. Here's why.

A noticeable change in the air will arrive to the Alamo City next week.

SAN ANTONIO — San Antonio skies could look quite different next week but not in the way we're hoping for.

As San Antonians eagerly wait for rain to break our triple-digit temperatures another common occurrence will pick-up next week known as Saharan dust.

The dust is a combination of sand and dust traveling from North Africa across the Atlantic that peaking in late June through mid-August.

Light amounts of Saharan dust have arrived to the Alamo City this past week but will become more noticeable. Therefore, if you have asthma, COPD or any other type of respiratory illness you will want to stay indoors as much as possible during this time.

Timing of Saharan dust:

Monday - Little changes will be in the forecast as heavier amounts of dust remain over the gulf coast.

Credit: KENS 5 Weather

Tuesday - A large moderate level of Saharan dust will move into South Texas and San Antonio by late afternoon. San Antonians may notice hazy skies and trouble breathing if you're more sensitive to dusty air. But the dust doesn't stop here.

Credit: KENS 5 Weather

Wednesday - By mid-week Saharan dust ramps up continuing to build and push farther north stretching to the Dallas area. The continuing flow of the dust is partly due to a high pressure bringing a southeasterly flow to help pump the dust toward South Texas.

Credit: KENS 5 Weather

Thursday - As the week progresses dust levels continue to rise and could affect air quality levels. For those with any respiratory illnesses they should avoid outdoor activity including vigorous exercise. Also try to keep windows and doors closed. We will continue to monitor this development next week.

Credit: KENS 5 Weather

As dust increases across the area, San Antonians will notice more vibrant sunrises and sunsets. However, during the afternoons the sky appears a more milky white color.

Before You Leave, Check This Out

How does Saharan dust affect immediate weather?

What are the negative health effects of Saharan dust?

What areas of the Americas have been affected by Saharan dust storms?

What areas of the US have been affected by Saharan dust storms?

The dust storms can cause respiratory issues and worsen air quality, and the city should invest in digital inclusion and smart infrastructure to enhance its resilience.

How does Saharan dust affect immediate weather?

What are the negative health effects of Saharan dust?

Saharan dust storms can reduce solar energy production by up to 80%, but forecasting and proactive management can mitigate their effects.

Title:

Content: EventsPodcast
Find us!
Announcement
How does dust from the Sahara Desert affect solar energy?
Copyright euronews
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Written by Jeremy Wilks
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Research shows that dust storms coming from the Sahara Desert can severely damage solar energy production.
So, what can be done to better manage this problem?
Climate Now reports from Andalusia on efforts to beat the dust.
Announcement
On this month ’ s episode of Climate Now, we set out to southern Spain to report on the growing problem of Sahara dust, which has a significant impact on solar power generation.
Our visit to southern Spain comes as the Copernicus Climate Change Authority announced that we have seen the highest ever recorded temperature for May 2024, registering a temperature rise of 0.65 ° C above the 1991-2020 average.
This is the 12th consecutive month with the highest recorded temperature for the month in question.
In May 2024, we witnessed extreme weather conditions in many areas.
Floods in Brazil have displaced more than half a million people, temperatures in the Delhi region of India hit 49.9 degrees Celsius, its highest recorded to date, and Finland issued a heatwave warning of temperatures rising to more than 27 degrees Celsius.
In Europe, heavy rains led to flooding in southwestern Germany, Belgium, and northern Italy.
Massive losses in solar power generation due to Sahara dust
The dust of the Sahara Desert in Europe is famous for turning its skies orange, which reduces air quality and leaves a fine layer of dust on the roofs of homes and cars.
On the other hand, it causes another growing problem known as “dirty ” solar cells.
At Gianni University in Andalusia, we met with Dr. Eduardo Fernández and Professor Florencia Almonacid, who were among the authors of a recent paper that found that the severe dirt on the panels in March 2022 reduced solar capacity by up to 80 percent.
Dr Fernandez told Euronews: “It felt like we were on Mars where everything turned red. ”
March 2022 saw extreme weather, but even small amounts of dust could reduce the amount of sunlight reaching solar cells by 15%, and with the rapid growth of solar energy in Europe, losses from dirt could account for billions of euros a year.
Therefore, the research team at Jian University is using photovoltaic laboratories to find solutions.
Some scientists focus on developing dust-resistant layers, while others look at how dust accumulates with different weather conditions, such as high and low temperatures, and low rainfall.
There are many variables that need to be taken into account.
For example, dust grains may be of different sizes or colors, and can affect how well solar panel installations perform.
Even design elements make a difference, such as whether a painting is frameless or has a solid lip around its tip.
Professor Almonacid says that Sahara dust is particularly problematic: "Sahara dust particles are very fine.
It ’ s especially hard to clean. ”
The Cost and Benefit Dilemma of Solar Panel Cleaning
Renewable energy company Sonnedix faces the grime challenge every day, monitoring production from each solar power generation site and carefully calculating when cleaning PV panels is commercially feasible.
The cost of cleaning is considerable – around €400-500 per megawatt – so there are difficult choices to make depending on how the power plant is priced.
Joanne Fernandez, chief operating officer of the company, told Euronews: “As you generate electricity, every kilowatt-hour is important for the plant ’ s revenue, so this dust weather has a big impact. ”
He is now working with meteorologists to help plan cleaning sessions according to dirt weather conditions, and the amount of rainfall, as light spray may increase the soiling of the panels, and heavy rain may wash them away for free.
“Severe dust storms coming from the Sahara desert could actually lead to a significant reduction in production within the network, and this could cause a significant problem for the network operator, ” he explains.
“So forecasting, forecasting, and the ability to proactively manage the network is the most important, ” he says.
Announcement
Have dust storms from the Sahara increased due to climate change?
The recent increase in dust storms coming from the Sahara desert could be the result of natural climate variability, or it could be caused by something else.
A spokesman for the Copernicus Meteorological Authority told Euronews: “Although the arrival of dust plumes from the Sahara to Europe is not unusual, there has been an increase in the intensity and frequency of such weather conditions in recent years, and may be attributed to changes in atmospheric circulation patterns. ”
There is some speculation that these changes in atmospheric air circulation patterns are linked to climate change.
Dust expert Dr. Eduardo Fernandez says: “Scientists are always cautious about drawing conclusions, and that should be the case, right? ”
“But what we ’ re seeing is that there ’ s been a dramatic increase in extreme weather conditions, not just in terms of slabs getting dirty, but also in terms of rainfall and wind blowing.
“We are recording more dust storms coming from the Sahara, and they are increasingly penetrating into larger areas in northern Europe, and there is, of course, suspicion that global warming is the cause, ” he concludes.
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What are the negative effects of Saharan dust storm on infrastructure?

Implementing early warning systems, like Doppler radar, can help San Antonio, TX, mitigate the effects of Saharan dust storms on air quality and human health.

How can the authorities prepare for a Saharan dust storm?

How does Saharan dust affect immediate weather?

What areas of the Americas have been affected by Saharan dust storms?

What areas of the US have been affected by Saharan dust storms?

The city should work with international organizations to develop early warning systems for dust storms within four years.

Title:

Content: The amount of dust in the world's air worsened in 2022, according to the United Nations World Meteorological Organization.
The organization called for more research on the relationship between climate change and increasing sandstorm hotspots.
The rise in dust is attributed to increased emissions from areas such as West Central Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, the Iranian Plateau, and northwest China.
WMO President Petteri Taalas stressed that human activities affect sandstorms and dust storms.
Higher temperatures, drought and increased evaporation lead to lower soil moisture, which, together with poor land management, contributes to more frequent sand and dust storms.
The annual WMO report analyses the occurrence and risks of dust storms and highlights their impact on society.
The report revealed that the global average annual dust surface concentrations in 2022 were slightly higher than in 2021.
In 2021, the figure was 13.5 micrograms per cubic meter, while in 2022 it rose to 13.8 micrograms per cubic meter.
The Baudeli region of Chad recorded the highest estimated annual average surface dust concentration, ranging from 900 to 1,200 micrograms per cubic meter.
In the southern hemisphere, central Australia and the west coast of South Africa recorded the highest concentrations, ranging from 200 to 300 micrograms per cubic metre.
Dust storms have far-reaching effects, contributing to the dark sky and damaging air quality.
Nearly 2,000 million tons of dust enter the atmosphere each year, affecting economies, ecosystems, weather and climate, even in areas thousands of kilometers away, the report said.
While natural processes play a role, poor water and land management also contributes significantly.
The bulletin highlighted three major incidents in 2022, including an “exceptional dust outbreak ” from North Africa over Spain and Portugal, which exceeded EU air quality regulations.
Another severe dust storm occurred in the Middle East, resulting in reduced visibility across the region.
In addition, a dust storm on farmland in the eastern United States affected agricultural activities.
Taalas stressed the importance of addressing the effects of sand and dust storms on health, transport and agriculture.
The publication called for more research on the relationship between dust storms and climate change, as this region remains largely unexplored.
The World Meteorological Organization aims to establish early warning systems for weather disasters around the world within four years to mitigate the worsening effects of climate change, including dust storms.

How can the authorities prepare for a Saharan dust storm?

Saharan dust storms have varying impacts, including suppressing hurricanes and fertilizing ocean life, which the city should consider when preparing for the storms.

Title:

Content: Hurricane Killer? Here are some things you may not know about Saharan dust

Dust from Africa moves across the Atlantic every year from late spring to early fall

It’s a common visitor in the summer months: dust from the Saharan Desert. Hazy skies and occasional allergies are common issues caused by the dust. But did you know that this layer of dust is more interesting than it appears? Here are some things you may not know about Saharan dust:

KEY TAKEAWAYS

  • Millions of tons of dust are transported across the Atlantic every year
  • Nutrient-rich Saharan dust plays a crucial role in the global ecosystem
  • Dust suppresses hurricane development

WHOLE LOTTA DUST!

Every year, from late spring to early fall, trade winds transport 180 million tons of dust from the Saharan Desert across the Atlantic Ocean. Impressively, that’s as much as 4.5 million 18-wheelers full of dust!

NATURE’S BEST FRIEND

Saharan dust is often rich in nutrients like iron and phosphorus. As the dust settles over the ocean, it fertilizes algae and plankton, allowing them to grow and flourish in an otherwise barren environment. These organisms are vital sources of food for ocean life.

Similarly, as the dust settles over land, areas like the Amazon rainforest benefit from the extra nutrients.

HURRICANE EXTINGUISHER

The African dust that moves across the Atlantic Ocean is also called the Saharan Air Layer (SAL). The SAL occurs in waves at the same time as Atlantic hurricane season, from June through November.

It’s known that the SAL limits hurricane development and strength. This is because tropical storms like hurricanes need deep, rich moisture from the surface to the top of the atmosphere to survive. Since the air carrying Saharan dust is usually dry, it can prevent storms from forming and suppress existing storms from growing and strengthening.

DUST’S IMPACT ON TEXAS

While a dense plume of dust sometimes causes minor allergy-like symptoms for some, the most noticeable impact is on Texas skies. A haze often forms on the horizon, giving an ordinarily clear, blue sky a milky hue during the day.

At sunrise and sunset, the horizon can appear brilliantly orange because, with dust in the air, sunlight has more particles to bounce off.

About the Author

Sarah Spivey is a San Antonio native who grew up watching KSAT. She has been a proud member of the KSAT Weather Authority Team since 2017. Sarah is a Clark High School and Texas A&M University graduate. She previously worked at KTEN News. When Sarah is not busy forecasting, she enjoys hanging out with her husband and cat, and playing music.

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Title:

Content: US Markets Loading... H M S In the news

How 4 US cities are building resilience by focusing on clean energy, innovation, and smart infrastructure

  • Honolulu, San Antonio, Boston, and Raleigh-Durham have been investing in residents and the planet.
  • For example, Honolulu's efforts are focused on public transit, clean energy, and waste management.
  • Cities like San Antonio and Raleigh have digital inclusion and expanding jobs at the forefront.
  • This article is part of a series focused on American cities building a better tomorrow called "Advancing Cities."

Last summer, the Honolulu City Council approved the city's first-ever Climate Action Plan, a detailed strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 45% over the next five years and reach carbon neutrality by 2045. The plan had been years in the making and involved community meetings, working groups with stakeholders including local utility companies and other partners, and resident engagement.

"There was a lot of work already underway, a lot of things that were already city priorities," Matthew Gonser, Honolulu's chief resilience officer, who leads the city's sustainability efforts, told Insider. "But it's exciting having this formalized and articulated in terms of the direct relationship and connection to both efficiency opportunities, cost-saving opportunities, and then driving down emissions over time."

Honolulu's Resilience Office, which is in charge of tracking climate change's impacts on the island of Oahu and ensuring the city and its residents are prepared, is focusing on transportation, building energy use, and waste management — areas that contribute the most greenhouse gas emissions, he said. The office's sustainability plan includes electrifying ground transportation, increasing walking and biking paths and accessibility, expanding energy efficiency and renewable energy, and decreasing solid waste amounts.

Honolulu is one of four cities that Insider featured in its "Advancing Cities" series last year. The city isn't alone in making progress in its efforts to become more resilient. Here's a look at how the Hawaiian capital, along with San Antonio, Boston, and Raleigh-Durham, are also driving innovation and looking to the future.

Honolulu, Hawaii, is homing in on water use

In addition to public transit, clean energy, and waste management, water efficiency is another key part of Honolulu's resiliency and sustainability efforts, which Gonser said is more important than ever. The Navy's Red Hill Bulk Fuel Facility recently leaked petroleum and contaminated the water supply in Oahu. To make sure the island doesn't run out of clean water, the water utility requested that residents reduce their water usage by 10%.

"This could be an issue for a long time, but it really drives home the point that efficiency across energy and water brings security and savings, and really a respect for the resources," he added. Gonser says the issue has also highlighted the need for better processes to track water and energy use, which is something his office is working on.

The resilience office also introduced Bill 22 at the city council to establish better benchmarking and reporting requirements for buildings on their water and energy use.

San Antonio, Texas, is committed to digital equity and smart city technology

Digital inclusion has been a priority for San Antonio's Office of Innovation since a city survey in 2019 revealed many residents lacked broadband connectivity, digital literacy, and access to devices. Last year, the city hired Candelaria Mendoza as its digital inclusion administrator to continue the commitment.

SA Digital Connects, a public-private-community partnership, was established to create a roadmap to expand connectivity in San Antonio and the greater Bexar County and implement the city's Digital Equity Plan.

"Digital access is a foundational component that creates a domino effect to education to workforce development to economic development," Mendoza told Insider.

San Antonio is also developing a smart city plan in collaboration with residents and the city's research and development team, which will be released by the end of the year.

"We're having stakeholder conversations to identify key priorities for how we can leverage data, technology, and open innovation to improve public services," smart city administrator Emily Royall told Insider.

This month, the Texas Smart Cities Summit will bring stakeholders together to discuss topics like infrastructure, cybersecurity, digital services, and public participation. Royall said the city also hosts SmartSA Sandbox, outdoor, festival-style events, where the public can engage with smart technology. Around 600 people attended the last event in October, Royall added.

San Antonio's R&D League, which uses data and research to discover new ideas and create policies, has been working to secure grants and conducting experiments to help the city plan for the next decade, Kate Kinnison, R&D administrator, told Insider. The goal is for the R&D League to distribute grants to "lay a foundation for all the transformative work that needs to happen in San Antonio," she said.

Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina, is focusing on workforce and economic development

Over the past year, the city of Raleigh transitioned its economic development office from the city to a partnership between the city, the Raleigh Chamber of Commerce, and Wake County Economic Development.

In September, Kyle Touchstone was hired as director of Raleigh Economic Development and has been focused on recruiting companies to the Research Triangle area and ensuring a talented workforce is in place to staff these businesses.

Biotech firm Amgen announced plans to build a new plant set to open in 2025 in the area. Fujifilm Diosynth Biotechnologies is also building a $2 billion facility that will bring 700 jobs, and Apple is investing in a $1 billion campus in North Carolina.

To ensure that there's enough tech talent to fill these jobs, Touchstone told Insider that local universities are expanding their engineering and computer science programs.

"We're a community that was built on innovation," he said. "It's at our core, and we'll continue to see innovation play a major role in our future."

In nearby Durham, city officials are planning to open applications for the Innovate Durham program, which turns the city into a test lab for new ideas, in mid-April. The program was put on hold in 2020 and pared down in 2021 because of the pandemic.

"This year, we're trying to make sure that the companies are paired well to find real solutions that could turn into sustainable solutions that continue after the cohort ends," Mary Grace Stoneking, the International City/County Management Association (ICMA) local government management fellow for the city, told Insider.

The city is also being intentional about engaging minority- and women-owned businesses and startups, Andrew Holland, Durham's assistant director for strategy and performance, told Insider.

Durham is continuing to embrace data to make citywide decision-making processes more equitable, Stoneking said. Its budget equity tool and scoring matrix rank budget requests from city departments based on equity, including which areas of the city they're focused on and which populations will be affected. This has also involved training other city departments in how to use data and how to collect data around racial equity, she added.

Residents are also engaged in capital improvement projects (CIP) to ensure equity. Holland said residents sit on the CIP committee with city staff and help score project requests, and residents receive a stipend for their time.

Boston, Massachusetts, is examining ways to make its energy grids more efficient and adapt to smart technology

The Boston Smart Utilities Program outfitted Boston's streetlights with smart sensors, WiFi, and cameras to learn more about traffic and pollution. Now, the city is conducting a lighting audit to see where the technology can be expanded.

As part of deploying smart city technology, the city is examining the long-term maintenance and ownership of the technology and the data it produces, Travis Anderson, senior infrastructure and energy planner at the Boston Planning and Development Agency, told Insider.

"What department will be responsible for it? How is the data collected?" he said. "We want to ensure privacy, of course."

Boston is also studying ways to decarbonize district energy microgrids, which are energy systems that provide thermal and electrical energy for buildings onsite. But some of that energy, even though it's efficient, is cogenerated with fossil fuels.

Anderson said they're planning to wrap up the study this summer and release a report, which will guide the city's project teams in their district energy analyses and look at new energy technology.

"Often you think of infrastructure as this static solution, but we're looking at it in a way in which we can adapt it and have it be effectively smart for new technology that emerges down the line," he said.

Boston is looking at increasing resiliency overall, too. Working with the city's energy office, Anderson said they need to ensure that energy grids can handle the "smart tech integration across the city."

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