Greenland has rich deposits of rare-earth minerals, gold, iron-ore, and uranium, attracting interest from several companies.

The government provides grants to support the local economy, benefiting potential mining companies.

Rare earth mineral deposits in Greenland include the Surftog Carbonatite complex.

The Surftog complex contains neodymium and praseodymium deposits, essential for electric vehicles and wind turbines.

NEO has a Greenland exploration license for rare earth metals and plans an Estonian magnet plant.

Greenland's rare earth deposits are becoming accessible due to climate change, though their estimated value is unknown.

The Kuannersuit region is one of the world's largest rare earth mines.

Greenland's Tanbreez mine holds an estimated 19 million tons of rare earth oxides.

The Tanbreez mine holds over half of the world's rare earth resources, with separation factories to be built in the US and Europe.

Guanast has the world's second-largest rare earth reserves, accounting for 10% of global production.

KoBold Metals is searching for metals in Greenland for electric cars, spending $15 million in mid-western Greenland.

AEX Gold holds 690sqkm of licenses in south Greenland and aims to restart the Nalunaq mine within two years.

The global Rare Earth Elements market is expected to reach $3906.3 million by 2028, growing at a 5.6% CAGR.

China dominates global rare earth mining at over 70%, and the country processes 90% of the global rare earth magnetic volume.

Billionaires like Bezos, Gates, and Bloomberg are investing in Greenland's mineral extraction through companies like KoBold Metals.

Extracting rare earth minerals in Greenland is expected to be challenging due to equipment needs and potential environmental harm.

AEX Gold and NEO plan to use renewable energy and sustainable mining practices to address challenges.

The EU's Copernicus Satellite Programme aids Greenland's mineral exploration and the country is eligible for EU research programs.

Greenland has rich deposits of rare-earth minerals, gold, iron-ore, and uranium, attracting interest from several companies.

Title:

Content: AEX Gold aims to invest in Greenland through its new gold mining project

Traditionally known for its fishing and hunting industries, Greenland is fast becoming the next significant area of exploration for mining businesses. The largest island in the world, Greenland remains one of the least populated areas worldwide with 56,000 citizens, and it has sought to attract local and foreign investment across a number of new projects.

The island’s current position remains complex. A sovereign government, it is positioned under the Danish kingdom who provide grants to support its local economy. To further its independence and bolster its economy to create increased tax revenue, Greenland has embraced the exploration of new mining projects as well as utilising all the renewable and local resources it has to offer.

Rich in rare-earth minerals, gold, iron-ore, uranium, in addition to hydro and wind power, Greenland’s favourable legal framework and robust infrastructure, particularly in South Greenland, have factored into AEX Gold’s vision to explore through its Greenlandic subsidiary, Nalunaq Gold Mine, situated in the Nanortalik Gold belt, Southern Greenland.

Acquiring an existing Exploitation Licence in 2015, the company is at the advanced exploration stage of its Nalunaq property, including the previously operating Nalunaq Gold Mine.   It also holds Exploration Licences at the early exploration stage Vagar and Tartoq properties.

Hosting a high-grade NI 43-101 compliant gold resource estimate of 263k oz (inferred) at 18.7 g/t and a number of regional exploration targets, AEX Gold has undertaken three years of exploration at Nalunaq, developing an updated geological model and an extension of the main vein strike length up to 1km.

“The government is very supportive, so it's about having a sound exploration strategy. We are very much focused on that, as we have an asset package that we think we can grow and create a lot of value,” explains Chief Executive Officer, Eldur Olafsson.

Originating from Iceland, Olafsson has gained extensive experience of the local geography. Focusing on mining projects in Greenland since 2012, he has analysed the country’s potential against the backdrop of environmental responsibilities and associated legalities with partner SRK Exploration Services. Through this process, the business has turned its attentions solely towards gold exploration.

“The known gold deposits in Greenland are in an area where the climate is mild and, given our experience, logistics are relatively easy. Gold opportunities are easier to finance than larger base metals projects and our perception was that we could fully fund projects like these through our support here in Iceland and in the UK market,” he explains.

“We started looking for opportunities in the South Greenland Gold Province and became aware of this historically producing mine. We were attracted by the extremely high-grade potential of the resource and the fact that the project had significant infrastructure in place.  We believed there were significant opportunities to materially improve the mining operation that had been run by previous operators.”

Extensive exploration

Throughout the exploration of high-grade resources, Olafsson is proud to remain hands on and is regularly seen on site. By undertaking various technical studies, AEX has gained the ability to comprehensively analyse similar types of assets with potential.  After acquiring the Nalunaq project in 2015 the company has continued to expand its portfolio. Whilst Nalunaq encompasses the required licence to explore and recommence production at the old gold mine, they own the larger Vagar exploration licence, situated a few kilometres to the west of the mine, where AEX believes the ground is prospective for the discovery of further Nalunaq-type deposits.  In addition, they also own the early stage Tartoq Project to the North West of Nalunaq. Each licence area is at a different stage of exploration which supports AEX’s aim of having a continuous pipeline of projects being brought into production.

“We have a total of 690sqkm of licences in south Greenland and we're the only active listed gold company in Greenland. Previous operators undertook very little forward-looking exploration once the mine was in production.  It's a very under-explored region so we intend to recommence production within the next two years at Nalunaq in order to support our exploration in the larger licences in the next 5-10 years,” he says.

“Iceland is a short distance from Greenland, so logistically it’s good for us. Additionally, in Iceland you need to be really self-sufficient, and the same can be said for those in Greenland. We don't have as many people or the multitude of services that you would have in other countries which encourages you to think creatively,” he adds.

Consequently, the company has sought to maximise efficiency whilst keeping costs down, yet all the time adding increased value across its operations.

By acquiring a high-grade deposit, less material is needed to be broken down, lowering AEX Gold’s carbon footprint. Everything taken out of the mine from underground will be processed and shipped out to a different processing facility, or processed on site adhering to the current environmental guidelines. Historically, electricity has been generated through the use of traditional fossil fuels, something which is steadily changing throughout Greenland.

“We're using oil to put in generators or to power mobile mining equipment which is high cost both in monetary and environmental terms.   Greenland currently has five hydroelectric power plants and they are looking at building more in south Greenland,” says Olafsson.

Seeing huge opportunities, he explains that the use of hydropower and wind power would complement AEX Gold’s operations, not only in its existing exploration activities, but with the implementation of an electric mining fleet with electricity being obtained from local renewable resources.

Providing local opportunities

In the future, it will be essential for Greenland to gain further revenue to unlock opportunities and services for its citizens. This is something Olafsson believes that AEX Gold can help with due to its knowledge of Iceland as it has many similarities to Greenland and has been through a period of comparable change.

“Greenland is in a similar position to Iceland not so long ago. Iceland didn't have a high education rate and wasn’t wealthy compared to other European countries, with economic and cultural activities that were very insular. We are now at the highest level of all parameters in terms of education, wealth per family, etc. and this has stemmed from improving the breadth of schooling and creating opportunities for people to grow and develop outside of the traditional areas of agriculture and fisheries.

“Our aim is that the majority of employees will be Greenlandic, but it will take time. Greenland has a large number of people competing for jobs in the fisheries and tourist centres. It is important that Greenlanders are able to access programmes that will allow them to consider other career options. In Iceland we are importing a lot of people to work in different industries in our country because we don't have enough people. This might be the case for Greenlanders as well if the anticipated growth of the Mining Sector materialises but we want to ensure that, where possible, we use local people first before looking elsewhere.

“The Greenlandic Government provides good support for those who seek education.  There are an increasing number of Greenlandic students attending Danish Universities so that now, for example, we are seeing well qualified Greenlandic geologists available for employment.  There has been a Mining School at Sisimiut for the last 10 years which provides local qualified labour who can take advantage of opportunities in the Mining sector.  You need skilled labour and as we own a mine that was in production for 10 years previously, there is a fair bit of local knowledge that we have been able to use during our exploration work and which we are keen to utilise going forward,” he says.

“We are creating revenue for local communities, creating highly skilled jobs, and are providing benefits where local communities can live better lives and grow as individuals. We need to create opportunities for young people.”

Additionally, by working with local businesses as well as those who have been operating in Greenland for some time, AEX has made a conscious effort to hire companies which can support its growth. AEX have therefore acquired a longstanding relationship with Cartwright Drilling, due to the company’s extensive experience in Greenland and subsequent knowledge of the island’s government systems, processes and practices.

Planning to mine high-grade resources using significant infrastructure already in place, AEX Gold holds extensive licences managed by an experienced team. Previous operations produced between 50,000 to 100,000 ounces a year at 15.4 grams/ton produced and this has provided a benchmark for the company, who will utilise this cash flow to explore the wider region in the long-term.

“We have a five-year plan where we want to get into production at Nalunaq and use the cash generated to fund exploration in the wider district.   We envisage investing a significant amount in exploration assets to provide a portfolio of different deposits that we can bring into production. We are creating a company that has a long-term mission in Greenland to build up local know how to support our aim of ramping up to very profitable production across a number of projects,” notes Olafsson.

“It will create a dramatic effect on the local community and hopefully be a springboard for unlocking much larger potential in Greenland. There are plenty of deposits that have been found, but you have to be able to develop them. You can only do that that with support and cooperation from the local people who believe in your vision.”

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What does Greenland's Tanbreez mine contain?

The government provides grants to support the local economy, benefiting potential mining companies.

Rare earth mineral deposits in Greenland include the Surftog Carbonatite complex.

Title:

Content: A Canadian company has been granted a license to mine rare metals in Greenland.
© AP Photo / David Goldman Greenland ice melt August 3, 2017
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Toronto ’ s New Performance Materials, one of the few rare earth metal processors outside China, has obtained an exploration license in Greenland from Hudson Resources in Vancouver (Canada).
Washington - Sputnik.
“Through a special-purpose entity, NEO plans to explore and develop the Surfertog project to further diversify its global sources of rare earth ore and expand the supply chains that feed the company ’ s rare earth ore separation facility in Estonia, ” it said in a statement.
NEO CEO Constantine Karianopoulos told the New York Times that his goal was to reduce the company ’ s exposure to volatile global crude prices.
NEO buys semi-processed raw materials from Russia, the United States and Australia.
"Collects Rare Minerals"...
China enters the world of "space mining" with the launch of the first robot...
A picture.
The Surftog Carbonatite complex contains mineral deposits rich in neodymium and praseodymium, which are essential components of the rare earth permanent magnet used in electric vehicles, wind turbines, high-efficiency electric motors and pumps that help reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
NEO also plans to build a new permanent magnet manufacturing plant in Estonia to supply European manufacturers of electric and hybrid vehicles, wind turbines, and energy-efficient electric motors and pumps, the statement said.
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The Surftog complex contains neodymium and praseodymium deposits, essential for electric vehicles and wind turbines.

NEO has a Greenland exploration license for rare earth metals and plans an Estonian magnet plant.

Greenland's rare earth deposits are becoming accessible due to climate change, though their estimated value is unknown.

Title:

Content: The government of Greenland, which is located in the Arctic, said on Monday it had revoked the license of a Chinese mining company to mine an iron ore deposit near the capital, Nuuk.
The move has dealt a blow to efforts by Chinese companies to gain a foothold in the resource-rich Arctic region.
China ’ s General Nice took control of the Isua mine in 2015, replacing bankrupt London Mining.
Junan became the first Chinese company to acquire mining rights in Greenland.
Greenland is an autonomous region of Denmark and is rich in minerals.
As a result of the warming climate, waterways have been opened, allowing the resources of the Arctic Island to be developed and utilized.
The Greenland government pointed out that the mine was idle and Junan did not pay the agreed guarantee and therefore withdrew its license.
Once Junan returns the license, Greenland will re-offer it to interested companies.
At present, the government of Greenland has asked Junan to return all the geological data, pay the remaining 1.5 million Danish kroner (about $226,000) of the deposit, and clean up the mine.
The London mine, which was granted mining rights in 2013, initially planned to employ 2,000 Chinese workers to mine, with a goal of supplying about 15 million tonnes of iron ore to China each year.
Greenland banned uranium mining this year, blocking mining in the Kuannersuit region, one of the world ’ s largest rare earth mines and partly owned by a Chinese company.
Junan tried to buy an abandoned naval base in Greenland from Denmark in 2016, but sources told Reuters at the time that the Danish authorities had rejected the proposal for security reasons.
# Greenland # Junan # Mining # China # Mining

The Kuannersuit region is one of the world's largest rare earth mines.

Greenland's Tanbreez mine holds an estimated 19 million tons of rare earth oxides.

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Content: Greenland to mine rare earths in 2024 | Economic Horizontal | DW | 30.07.2023
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Greenland to mine rare earths in 2024
According to the German "Economic Weekly" reported that a mining company has obtained permission from the Greenland government to mine rare earths on the island.
The company said production could begin next year.
Tanbreez Mining, a mining company, plans to mine rare earths in Greenland next year, according to the Economic Weekly.
“We can start production next year, ” said Greg Barnes, a geologist and owner of the company. Greenland ’ s deputy minister for minerals confirmed to the journal that a mining licence had been issued.
Barnes said the Tanbreez mine "contains more than half of the world's rare earth resources" and has 19 million tons of rare earth oxides.
Of these, 30% are highly favored heavy rare earth elements.
Rare earth contains a total of 17 kinds of metal elements, the properties of each metal are different.
Each metal has a unique industrial value.
Some of them are irreplaceable.
They are used, for example, in the manufacture of electric vehicles or wind turbines.
Last year, about two-thirds of Germany ’ s rare earths came from China. Mining such as rare earths is difficult and often harmful to the environment, as rare earths are often associated with iron ore, and the chemical process of refining often requires the use of acidic substances.
What is Rare Earth?
Barnes, owner of Tanbreez Mining, told Economic Weekly that to start mining for rare earths in Greenland, a factory would be needed to separate rare earths from heterosexual rocks.
Currently there are only such factories in Russia and China.
But one such plant will be built in the United States in the coming months.
There are also plans to build a factory in Europe.
Thanks to technological advances, the equipment that separates rare earths currently costs only $40 million.
According to Barnes, China paid 1.7 billion U.S. dollars for the equipment 13 years ago.
In January, Swedish state-owned mining company LKAB announced the discovery of Europe ’ s largest rare earth deposit to date.
But the company said it would take 10-15 years for the rare earth mine, located in Kiruna in northern Sweden, to be available to the market.
EU Plans to Diversify Rare Earth Supply Chain
(Agence France-Presse, Economic Weekly)
© 2023 Deutsche Welle Copyright Notice: All content in this article is protected by copyright law and may not be used without special permission from Deutsche Welle.
Any misconduct will lead to recovery and criminal prosecution.
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What does Greenland's Tanbreez mine contain?

The Tanbreez mine holds over half of the world's rare earth resources, with separation factories to be built in the US and Europe.

What does Greenland's Tanbreez mine contain?

Guanast has the world's second-largest rare earth reserves, accounting for 10% of global production.

Title:

Content: Greenland ban on uranium mining prevents Chinese companies from expanding rare earths
November 13, 2021 17: 33
Eastern Network Television
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As part of its Arctic strategy, China has supported the mining of rare earths in Greenland by Australia ’ s Greenland Minerals, a Chinese-owned subsidiary of Shenghe Resources, through the Belt and Road Initiative.
However, Greenland ’ s parliament passed a new law banning uranium mining and halting the development of rare earth deposits at Kuannersuit, the southern tip of Greenland.
China's rare earth mining accounts for more than 70% of the global mining volume, and China's rare earth magnetic processing volume accounts for 90% of the global processing volume.
Sungho Resources, one of the world ’ s largest producers of rare earth materials, acquired a 12.5% stake in Greenland Minerals in 2016, making it the largest shareholder in the latter.
Guanast in southern Greenland is home to the world ’ s second-largest reserves of rare earths and uranium after China, accounting for 10% of the world ’ s rare earth production.
Since former US President Donald Trump proposed the idea of buying Greenland in 2019, the rich rare earth resources of Guanaster in southern Greenland have attracted attention.
Greenland ’ s local parliament was elected early on April 6. In the end, the pro-environmental left-wing Inuit Ataqatigiit party won the election, and its leader, Mute Egede, became the new prime minister.
He declared that he would do everything in his power to stop the Guanast Rare Earth Mine project.
In response, Greenland ’ s parliament has passed a new bill aimed at banning exploration of uranium deposits, as well as other radioactive deposits such as thorium, and halting the development of rare earth deposits at the southern tip of Greenland.

KoBold Metals is searching for metals in Greenland for electric cars, spending $15 million in mid-western Greenland.

Title:

Content: Science and Technology
Gates and Bezos pay $15 million to search for metals for electric cars
Thanks for reading the news about technology: Gates and Bezos pay $15 million to search for metals for electric cars and now with the details of the news
KoBold Metals, a mineral exploration company backed by Bill Gates, Jeff Bezos, former New York mayor Michael Bloomberg and founder of Bridgewater Associates, Ray Dalio, has entered into a joint venture with London-based Bluejay Mining to search for nickel, copper, cobalt and platinum used in electric vehicles in Greenland.
KoBold will spend about $15 million through 2024 to help Bluejay locate natural resources as part of the Disko-Nuussuaq project in mid-western Greenland.
Kurt House, CEO of Coppold, said: “The Disco area has seen a rare convergence of events in Earth ’ s history that could have led to the formation of world-class battery mineral deposits.
“We are excited to invest in Greenland ’ s emerging mineral sector and partner with Bluejay in light of its strong track record in Greenland and the outstanding potential of the Disko project. ”
Copper, nickel, cobalt and lithium are essential metals needed to produce electric vehicle batteries, and as a result, nickel demand growth from electric vehicles is expected to increase 14 times between 2030.
About 50% of the world ’ s cobalt, another major material for the manufacture of electric vehicles, is found in the Democratic Republic of Congo, and KoBold uses artificial intelligence, machinery and computing to search for raw materials for electric vehicles (EVs).
Bo Stensgaard, CEO of Bluejay, said: “We are delighted to have a partner at the Tech Innovation Summit for New Exploration Methods, backed by some of the world ’ s most successful investors.
In addition, Bluejay retains the ability to self-finance to maintain 49% ownership through production, giving external public investors the opportunity to invest alongside a private investment entity of this size.
You may also read.

How much is Kobold investing with Bluejay to search for electric car material in Greenland?

AEX Gold holds 690sqkm of licenses in south Greenland and aims to restart the Nalunaq mine within two years.

The global Rare Earth Elements market is expected to reach $3906.3 million by 2028, growing at a 5.6% CAGR.

Title:

Content: Uncategorized

Rare Earth Elements Market, Global Outlook and Forecast 2022-2028

Rare Earth Element is one of a set of seventeen chemical elements in the periodic table, specifically the fifteen lanthanides, as well as scandium and yttrium. Scandium and yttrium are considered rare-earth elements because they tend to occur in the same ore deposits as the lanthanides and exhibit similar chemical properties.
This report contains market size and forecasts of Rare Earth Elements in global, including the following market information:
Global Rare Earth Elements Market Revenue, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, ($ millions)
Global Rare Earth Elements Market Sales, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, (MT)
Global top five Rare Earth Elements companies in 2021 (%)
The global Rare Earth Elements market was valued at 2659.4 million in 2021 and is projected to reach US$ 3906.3 million by 2028, at a CAGR of 5.6% during the forecast period.
The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2021, While China is Forecast to Reach $ Million by 2028.
Cerium Segment to Reach $ Million by 2028, with a % CAGR in next six years.
The global key manufacturers of Rare Earth Elements include Arafura, Alkane Resources, Avalon Rare Metals, China Rare Earth Holdings, Indian Rare Earths, Lynas, Great Western Minerals, Greenland Minerals & Energy and Rare Element Resources, etc. In 2021, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.
We surveyed the Rare Earth Elements manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.
Total Market by Segment:
Global Rare Earth Elements Market, by Type, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (MT)
Global Rare Earth Elements Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2021 (%)
Cerium
Dysprosium
Erbium
Europium
Gadolinium
Holmium
Lanthanum
Lutetium
Neodymium
Praseodymium
Global Rare Earth Elements Market, by Application, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (MT)
Global Rare Earth Elements Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2021 (%)
Magnets
Catalysts
Metallurgy
Polishing
Glass
Phosphors
Ceramics
Other
Global Rare Earth Elements Market, By Region and Country, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (MT)
Global Rare Earth Elements Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2021 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
Key companies Rare Earth Elements revenues in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies Rare Earth Elements revenues share in global market, 2021 (%)
Key companies Rare Earth Elements sales in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), (MT)
Key companies Rare Earth Elements sales share in global market, 2021 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
Arafura
Alkane Resources
Avalon Rare Metals
China Rare Earth Holdings
Indian Rare Earths
Lynas
Great Western Minerals
Greenland Minerals & Energy
Rare Element Resources
Molycorp
Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare Earth Hi-Tech
Frontier Rare Earths

Download FREE Sample of this Report @ https://www.statsmarketresearch.com/download-free-sample/7131409/global-rare-earth-elements-forecast-2022-2028-651

Table of content

1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Rare Earth Elements Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Rare Earth Elements Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Rare Earth Elements Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Rare Earth Elements Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Rare Earth Elements Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global Rare Earth Elements Sales: 2017-2028
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Rare Earth Elements Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Rare Earth Elements Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Rare Earth Elements Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Rare Earth Elements Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Rare Earth Elements Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Rare Earth Elements Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers Rare Earth Elements Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Rare Earth Elements Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Rare Earth Elements Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Rare Earth Elements Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type – Global Rare Earth El

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China dominates global rare earth mining at over 70%, and the country processes 90% of the global rare earth magnetic volume.

Billionaires like Bezos, Gates, and Bloomberg are investing in Greenland's mineral extraction through companies like KoBold Metals.

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CNN reports that some of the world ’ s wealthiest people are funding large treasure hunts using helicopters and signal transmitters on Greenland ’ s west coast.
The climate crisis is causing Greenland ’ s ice to melt at unprecedented rates, ironically creating an opportunity for investors and mining companies looking for a treasure trove of important minerals capable of powering clean energy transitions.
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Search for minerals in Greenland
Many billionaires, including Jeff Bezos, Michael Bloomberg and Bill Gates, are betting that what lies beneath the surface of the hills and valleys of Disco Island and Greenland ’ s Noswak Peninsula are important enough minerals to power millions of electric vehicles.
Speaking to CNN, Kobold Metals CEO Kurt House said: “We are looking for a deposition that will be the largest or second largest nickel and cobalt deposition in the world. ”
The disappearance of Arctic ice – both on land and in the ocean – highlights a unique dichotomy: Greenland is the zero point for the effects of climate change, but it could also be the zero point for the search for the minerals needed to provide solutions to this crisis.
For their part, representatives of Kobold Metals, a California-based mineral exploration company, said the billionaires ’ club is supporting the company financially.
Bezos, Gates and Bloomberg did not respond to requests from CNN for comment on the news, and Kobold Metals is partnering with Bluejay Mining to find precious and rare metals in Greenland, which are essential for building the electric vehicles and huge batteries needed to store renewable energy.
The Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland said Greenland could be a hot spot for coal, copper, gold, rare earth elements and zinc.
The Greenland government has conducted several assessments on ice-free land and is aware of the country ’ s “ability to diversify the national economy through mineral extraction, ” the agency said.
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Extracting rare earth minerals in Greenland is expected to be challenging due to equipment needs and potential environmental harm.

AEX Gold and NEO plan to use renewable energy and sustainable mining practices to address challenges.

The EU's Copernicus Satellite Programme aids Greenland's mineral exploration and the country is eligible for EU research programs.

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EU and Greenland sign strategic partnership on raw material value chains
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The European Union has signed a memorandum of understanding with the Government of Greenland in Brussels to establish a strategic partnership to develop sustainable raw material value chains.
Greenland ’ s vast natural wealth is a key asset for reaping the benefits of global value chains, as it seeks to diversify its economy in a sustainable way, while 25 of the 34 critical raw materials identified by the Commission as strategically important for European industry and green transformation can be found in Greenland.
The Executive Vice President of the European Green Deal, Enterprise Relations and Foresight of the European Commission, Maros Sivčović, signed the Memorandum of Understanding with the Government of Greenland represented by the Minister of Business, Trade, Mineral Resources, Justice and Gender Equality, Naga Nathanelsen.
The signing of the MoU will contribute to the development of sustainable projects along the raw materials value chains and the deployment of the necessary infrastructure for their development.
The MoU provides for close cooperation between Greenland and the EU in five important areas; among which is the development of economic and industrial integration of the value chains of vital raw materials and other raw materials.
This includes networking, joint project development, creating and promoting new business models, attracting investments, supporting access to finance, facilitating business linkages, developing and integrating support for economic diversification and ensuring the smooth functioning and resilience of value chains.
Foster collaboration to leverage high environmental, social and international governance (ESG) standards, to ensure that Greenland ’ s mineral sector serves as a lever for sustainable and inclusive economic growth while creating local and local value.
This includes the sustainable exploitation of mineral resources in close dialogue with the Greenland community of individuals, organisations, institutions and other stakeholders, taking fully into account the unique nature of Greenland ’ s pristine lands and applying high environmental, social and governance standards set out in legislation, conventions, guidelines and best practices.
Deploy the infrastructure needed to develop raw material value chains.
This includes taking into account the specificities of Greenland's transport and energy infrastructure needs, taking into account Arctic or sub-Arctic conditions, and supporting the mobilization of funding for such infrastructure.
Capacity building and skills development along raw material value chains.
This includes developing skills at all levels in the raw materials industry and wider society.
Greenland is eligible to participate in the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation and provides Earth observation data thanks to the European Copernicus Satellite Programme which offers promising opportunities related to mineral exploration, sediment mapping and mining monitoring including waste management and environmental impact monitoring.
according to the statement.


Greenland is rich in rare-earth minerals and gold, making it a potential hub for mining activities.

The country has a favourable legal framework for mining, which could attract investors and corporations.

AEX Gold has acquired 690sqkm of licences in south Greenland, indicating a growing interest in the region's mineral resources.

The Nalunaq Gold Mine has a high-grade NI 43-101 compliant gold resource estimate, which could be a significant draw for mining companies.

Greenland has five hydroelectric power plants with more planned, providing a potential source of renewable energy for mining operations.

The country's hydro and wind power potential could also support the extraction and processing of rare earth minerals.

The estimated value of Greenland's rare earth minerals is significant, with the global rare earth trade representing about $1.5 billion.

The location of possible deposits of rare earth minerals in Greenland includes the Kuannersuit mine, the Guanast deposit, and other areas identified by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland.

The ease or difficulty of extraction of rare earth minerals in Greenland can vary depending on the method used, with new methods such as biosorption and using cyanobacteria aiming to make the process more efficient and environmentally friendly.

Several companies, including AEX Gold, NEO, and Greenland Minerals, have expressed interest in or begun developing means of extracting and exploiting Greenland's rare earth minerals.

The EU has also signed a strategic partnership with Greenland on raw materials, aiming to support the country's mineral sector development and promote sustainable raw material value chains.

China's Shenghe Resources, through its subsidiary Greenland Minerals, has expressed interest in developing the rare earth resources in Greenland.

However, the Greenland parliament has banned uranium mining and rare earth development at Kuannersuit, which may impact the plans of companies like Greenland Minerals.

The extraction and processing of rare earth minerals in Greenland can be difficult and require significant technical expertise and equipment.

The technical requirements for extracting rare earth minerals in Greenland include the need for a factory to separate the minerals from rocks and the use of acidic substances for refining.

The cost of developing a rare earth mine in Greenland can be high, with the Baimsky GOK project in Russia costing over $8.5 billion for infrastructure.

In comparison, the cost of building a rare earth refinery in Australia is estimated to be around $675-800 million.

The current state of infrastructure development in Greenland is robust in the south, but investments are needed to develop the necessary infrastructure for large-scale mining operations.

The EU and Greenland's strategic partnership aims to address these infrastructure needs and develop sustainable raw material value chains.

The partnership also considers Arctic transport and energy needs, as well as capacity building and skills development.

Overall, investing in Greenland's rare earth mineral sector carries both potential benefits and risks, and investors will need to carefully consider these factors before making a decision.

Greenland is rich in rare-earth minerals and gold, making it a potential hub for mining activities.

Title:

Content: AEX Gold aims to invest in Greenland through its new gold mining project

Traditionally known for its fishing and hunting industries, Greenland is fast becoming the next significant area of exploration for mining businesses. The largest island in the world, Greenland remains one of the least populated areas worldwide with 56,000 citizens, and it has sought to attract local and foreign investment across a number of new projects.

The island’s current position remains complex. A sovereign government, it is positioned under the Danish kingdom who provide grants to support its local economy. To further its independence and bolster its economy to create increased tax revenue, Greenland has embraced the exploration of new mining projects as well as utilising all the renewable and local resources it has to offer.

Rich in rare-earth minerals, gold, iron-ore, uranium, in addition to hydro and wind power, Greenland’s favourable legal framework and robust infrastructure, particularly in South Greenland, have factored into AEX Gold’s vision to explore through its Greenlandic subsidiary, Nalunaq Gold Mine, situated in the Nanortalik Gold belt, Southern Greenland.

Acquiring an existing Exploitation Licence in 2015, the company is at the advanced exploration stage of its Nalunaq property, including the previously operating Nalunaq Gold Mine.   It also holds Exploration Licences at the early exploration stage Vagar and Tartoq properties.

Hosting a high-grade NI 43-101 compliant gold resource estimate of 263k oz (inferred) at 18.7 g/t and a number of regional exploration targets, AEX Gold has undertaken three years of exploration at Nalunaq, developing an updated geological model and an extension of the main vein strike length up to 1km.

“The government is very supportive, so it's about having a sound exploration strategy. We are very much focused on that, as we have an asset package that we think we can grow and create a lot of value,” explains Chief Executive Officer, Eldur Olafsson.

Originating from Iceland, Olafsson has gained extensive experience of the local geography. Focusing on mining projects in Greenland since 2012, he has analysed the country’s potential against the backdrop of environmental responsibilities and associated legalities with partner SRK Exploration Services. Through this process, the business has turned its attentions solely towards gold exploration.

“The known gold deposits in Greenland are in an area where the climate is mild and, given our experience, logistics are relatively easy. Gold opportunities are easier to finance than larger base metals projects and our perception was that we could fully fund projects like these through our support here in Iceland and in the UK market,” he explains.

“We started looking for opportunities in the South Greenland Gold Province and became aware of this historically producing mine. We were attracted by the extremely high-grade potential of the resource and the fact that the project had significant infrastructure in place.  We believed there were significant opportunities to materially improve the mining operation that had been run by previous operators.”

Extensive exploration

Throughout the exploration of high-grade resources, Olafsson is proud to remain hands on and is regularly seen on site. By undertaking various technical studies, AEX has gained the ability to comprehensively analyse similar types of assets with potential.  After acquiring the Nalunaq project in 2015 the company has continued to expand its portfolio. Whilst Nalunaq encompasses the required licence to explore and recommence production at the old gold mine, they own the larger Vagar exploration licence, situated a few kilometres to the west of the mine, where AEX believes the ground is prospective for the discovery of further Nalunaq-type deposits.  In addition, they also own the early stage Tartoq Project to the North West of Nalunaq. Each licence area is at a different stage of exploration which supports AEX’s aim of having a continuous pipeline of projects being brought into production.

“We have a total of 690sqkm of licences in south Greenland and we're the only active listed gold company in Greenland. Previous operators undertook very little forward-looking exploration once the mine was in production.  It's a very under-explored region so we intend to recommence production within the next two years at Nalunaq in order to support our exploration in the larger licences in the next 5-10 years,” he says.

“Iceland is a short distance from Greenland, so logistically it’s good for us. Additionally, in Iceland you need to be really self-sufficient, and the same can be said for those in Greenland. We don't have as many people or the multitude of services that you would have in other countries which encourages you to think creatively,” he adds.

Consequently, the company has sought to maximise efficiency whilst keeping costs down, yet all the time adding increased value across its operations.

By acquiring a high-grade deposit, less material is needed to be broken down, lowering AEX Gold’s carbon footprint. Everything taken out of the mine from underground will be processed and shipped out to a different processing facility, or processed on site adhering to the current environmental guidelines. Historically, electricity has been generated through the use of traditional fossil fuels, something which is steadily changing throughout Greenland.

“We're using oil to put in generators or to power mobile mining equipment which is high cost both in monetary and environmental terms.   Greenland currently has five hydroelectric power plants and they are looking at building more in south Greenland,” says Olafsson.

Seeing huge opportunities, he explains that the use of hydropower and wind power would complement AEX Gold’s operations, not only in its existing exploration activities, but with the implementation of an electric mining fleet with electricity being obtained from local renewable resources.

Providing local opportunities

In the future, it will be essential for Greenland to gain further revenue to unlock opportunities and services for its citizens. This is something Olafsson believes that AEX Gold can help with due to its knowledge of Iceland as it has many similarities to Greenland and has been through a period of comparable change.

“Greenland is in a similar position to Iceland not so long ago. Iceland didn't have a high education rate and wasn’t wealthy compared to other European countries, with economic and cultural activities that were very insular. We are now at the highest level of all parameters in terms of education, wealth per family, etc. and this has stemmed from improving the breadth of schooling and creating opportunities for people to grow and develop outside of the traditional areas of agriculture and fisheries.

“Our aim is that the majority of employees will be Greenlandic, but it will take time. Greenland has a large number of people competing for jobs in the fisheries and tourist centres. It is important that Greenlanders are able to access programmes that will allow them to consider other career options. In Iceland we are importing a lot of people to work in different industries in our country because we don't have enough people. This might be the case for Greenlanders as well if the anticipated growth of the Mining Sector materialises but we want to ensure that, where possible, we use local people first before looking elsewhere.

“The Greenlandic Government provides good support for those who seek education.  There are an increasing number of Greenlandic students attending Danish Universities so that now, for example, we are seeing well qualified Greenlandic geologists available for employment.  There has been a Mining School at Sisimiut for the last 10 years which provides local qualified labour who can take advantage of opportunities in the Mining sector.  You need skilled labour and as we own a mine that was in production for 10 years previously, there is a fair bit of local knowledge that we have been able to use during our exploration work and which we are keen to utilise going forward,” he says.

“We are creating revenue for local communities, creating highly skilled jobs, and are providing benefits where local communities can live better lives and grow as individuals. We need to create opportunities for young people.”

Additionally, by working with local businesses as well as those who have been operating in Greenland for some time, AEX has made a conscious effort to hire companies which can support its growth. AEX have therefore acquired a longstanding relationship with Cartwright Drilling, due to the company’s extensive experience in Greenland and subsequent knowledge of the island’s government systems, processes and practices.

Planning to mine high-grade resources using significant infrastructure already in place, AEX Gold holds extensive licences managed by an experienced team. Previous operations produced between 50,000 to 100,000 ounces a year at 15.4 grams/ton produced and this has provided a benchmark for the company, who will utilise this cash flow to explore the wider region in the long-term.

“We have a five-year plan where we want to get into production at Nalunaq and use the cash generated to fund exploration in the wider district.   We envisage investing a significant amount in exploration assets to provide a portfolio of different deposits that we can bring into production. We are creating a company that has a long-term mission in Greenland to build up local know how to support our aim of ramping up to very profitable production across a number of projects,” notes Olafsson.

“It will create a dramatic effect on the local community and hopefully be a springboard for unlocking much larger potential in Greenland. There are plenty of deposits that have been found, but you have to be able to develop them. You can only do that that with support and cooperation from the local people who believe in your vision.”

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What does Greenland's Tanbreez mine contain?

30% of oxides are highly sought after heavy rare earth metals

The country has a favourable legal framework for mining, which could attract investors and corporations.

Why AEX consider Greenland a favorable mining location?

AEX Gold has acquired 690sqkm of licences in south Greenland, indicating a growing interest in the region's mineral resources.

The Nalunaq Gold Mine has a high-grade NI 43-101 compliant gold resource estimate, which could be a significant draw for mining companies.

Greenland has five hydroelectric power plants with more planned, providing a potential source of renewable energy for mining operations.

The country's hydro and wind power potential could also support the extraction and processing of rare earth minerals.

The estimated value of Greenland's rare earth minerals is significant, with the global rare earth trade representing about $1.5 billion.

Title:

Content: Expert: Algeria is sleeping on a precious treasure
Money and Business
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Economist Abdelkader Soleimani considered that Algeria sleeps on an "inexhaustible treasure" and a considerable wealth, where there are 38 classical minerals on its soil, along with a significant stockpile of rare metals.
He pointed out that these minerals or dust, although important, require exploitation.
He stressed the need to control the technology of extraction and refining because they are toxic materials and control the tracks of mining, any conversion from dust to alloys, with the need for a formative system, a general orientation and a clear economic vision.
Economist Abdelkader Soleimani said in a statement to Al-Khobar: "It is beautiful that Algeria has an important stock of rare earth or minerals, whether the reserve is in the range of 10 or 20 percent, because there are no studies and accurate surveys in the field, but the valuation of such minerals will require control of extraction and refining technology, as they are toxic materials as well as mining."
The expert pointed out that rare earth metals or rare earth elements as defined by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, are a group of 17 chemical elements in the periodic table, specifically scandium, etrium, and lanthanides, and rare earths have become an important material in green manufacturing, but the problem lies in the difficulty of extraction and processing, especially as they are very polluted to nature, which requires control of technology and qualified labor. and refining. ”
The expert pointed out that rare earth or rare earth has returned to the forefront, especially with the statement of French President Emmanuel Macron on the possibility of cooperation between Algeria and France in the development of these minerals or rare earth, adding that "the world is witnessing a huge technological revolution and means of communication such as phones, for example, when we take the iPhone, we find that it contains eight rare metals. The exploitation and development of the exploitation of these minerals, and the intensification of competition between China, America and Britain in particular, makes them important. ”
Soleimani noted in the same context, "The trade of rare earth represents about $1.5 billion, but its importance lies in its multiple and diverse uses, including military, technological and electric vehicles.
It is noted that minerals are present in most countries, but the refining and conversion process is especially present in China, because exploiting them requires heavy and modern equipment and very sophisticated technological means, the huge capacity of mining in China makes it control 85% of the production and trade of rare soil oxide and 90% of magnetic materials.
On the other hand, the economist stressed that President Abdelmadjid Tebboune has already stressed the value of natural resources, pointing out the importance of adopting accurate studies and surveys to determine the actual capacities, whether in terms of stocks or reserves, to ensure attracting investments in the field, with the adoption of a vision to ensure a surplus of value, with the establishment of factories for refining, conversion and mining. For example, the amount of iron converted is sold at about $500 per ton, for example, that is, ensure the production of wealth, employ labor, activate a handling network and achieve comprehensive and sustainable development, with the achievement of metal poles in mining production and conversion.
The expert stressed the need for training and qualification in the field of mining, while establishing partnerships with countries experienced in the field, whether for China, South Africa or others, and avoiding the export or sale of raw materials.
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The location of possible deposits of rare earth minerals in Greenland includes the Kuannersuit mine, the Guanast deposit, and other areas identified by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland.

Title:

Content: The government of Greenland, which is located in the Arctic, said on Monday it had revoked the license of a Chinese mining company to mine an iron ore deposit near the capital, Nuuk.
The move has dealt a blow to efforts by Chinese companies to gain a foothold in the resource-rich Arctic region.
China ’ s General Nice took control of the Isua mine in 2015, replacing bankrupt London Mining.
Junan became the first Chinese company to acquire mining rights in Greenland.
Greenland is an autonomous region of Denmark and is rich in minerals.
As a result of the warming climate, waterways have been opened, allowing the resources of the Arctic Island to be developed and utilized.
The Greenland government pointed out that the mine was idle and Junan did not pay the agreed guarantee and therefore withdrew its license.
Once Junan returns the license, Greenland will re-offer it to interested companies.
At present, the government of Greenland has asked Junan to return all the geological data, pay the remaining 1.5 million Danish kroner (about $226,000) of the deposit, and clean up the mine.
The London mine, which was granted mining rights in 2013, initially planned to employ 2,000 Chinese workers to mine, with a goal of supplying about 15 million tonnes of iron ore to China each year.
Greenland banned uranium mining this year, blocking mining in the Kuannersuit region, one of the world ’ s largest rare earth mines and partly owned by a Chinese company.
Junan tried to buy an abandoned naval base in Greenland from Denmark in 2016, but sources told Reuters at the time that the Danish authorities had rejected the proposal for security reasons.
# Greenland # Junan # Mining # China # Mining

The ease or difficulty of extraction of rare earth minerals in Greenland can vary depending on the method used, with new methods such as biosorption and using cyanobacteria aiming to make the process more efficient and environmentally friendly.

Title:

Content: Oct 18, 2023

Bacteria could be the key to a safer, greener way of processing rare-earth metals

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Shewanella oneidensis could be used to expand the supply of rare-earth metals used in electric vehicles, wind turbines and other environmental technologies, according to Cornell’s Buz Barstow. China currently dominates the market for the minerals.

The word “bacteria” doesn’t exactly evoke positive images, but scientists at Cornell University recently discovered a novel way to replicate and use a bacterium from Oneida Lake in New York state.

It’s called Shewanella oneidensis, and it has a special affinity for the rare-earth elements — such as so-called lanthanides, metals that are important for clean, renewable energy technology.

The bacteria can be used to process rare-earth metals through a method called biosorption, which is considered safer and less taxing on the environment than current means of extraction.

Marketplace’s Lily Jamali discussed the findings with Buz Barstow, a professor of biological and environmental engineering at Cornell and a lead researcher on the project.

The following is an edited transcript of their conversation.

Buz Barstow: So it enables us to make, we think, [an] extremely scalable, environmentally friendly process for separating individual lanthanides — exactly the thing you need for electric vehicles, wind turbines, superconductors. And it lets you do it not just, say, in China or other sort of less advanced economies. This is a process that we think is good enough, is environmentally friendly enough, to let us do this in the more advanced nations with more stringent environmental regulations. So it avoids us getting into this — my program manager, he called it eco-colonialism, where we externalize the CO2 problem. We say, “We want to solve this environmental problem, so we’re going to create these other environmental problems over in this other country.” This technology and technologies like it let us avoid that dilemma.

Lily Jamali: And why is that a better alternative to how we process rare-earth elements today?

Barstow: That’s a great question. It doesn’t involve any harsh chemicals. So today, we rely on a solvent extraction process to purify them. So organic solvents, they have a tendency to be carcinogenic. They’re terrible for the environment in other ways as well. We also use what’s called an organophosphorus-based extractant as well. That’s a molecule, again, carcinogenic, that has a small preference for one or a small number of rare-earths. Because that doesn’t have an enormous preference for any one rare-earth, you have to do this sort of successive enrichment process. So you need gallons and gallons and gallons of it. And you need sort of incredibly long separation processes as well. So there’s loads of potential for leakage as well.

Jamali: So in addition to being more environmentally sustainable, is this approach that researchers are working on, is it also more scalable?

Barstow: I would like to think so. We’re not the only people who are working on biological approaches to separating rare-earth elements. I can think of at least two colleagues — Joey Cotruvo at Penn State, Cecilia Martinez-Gomez at [the University of California] Berkeley — who are also coming up with bio-approaches. And they’re taking sort of, you know, very different approaches to the one we are. I’d like to think Shewanella and biosorption, in general, it has a lower specificity than their approaches. But it’s easier to get the rare-earths off the surface of the absorbing agent. So it might make for a faster, more scalable process. Also, biosorption doesn’t require that you purify anything, either. All it requires is biomass. We just have to grow cells, that’s really easy, doesn’t require any purification.

Jamali: When do you think we could see this in real life, a test run, a pilot?

Barstow: You know, I think it’s like, where there’s a will, there’s a way. I’d like to think that there’s enough momentum behind these technologies, there’s enough interest to fund them. I’ll use this opportunity to give a plug for my grad student, Sean Medin. Sean was the first author on this paper. and he and Alexa Schmitz — Alexa was my first postdoc [researcher] in my lab — founded a company called Reegen to commercialize this technology and also technology for engineering microbes to dissolve rocks to get rare-earths out of them as well. What they’ve done is they have opened up the opportunity for sort of commercial investment in this.

More on this

According to the U.S. Geological Survey, China is the global leader in rare-earth metals, producing 70% of the world’s supply.

But a report from the Yale School of the Environment finds that has come at a cost to the country in the form of serious water and soil pollution issues.

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Several companies, including AEX Gold, NEO, and Greenland Minerals, have expressed interest in or begun developing means of extracting and exploiting Greenland's rare earth minerals.

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Content: A Canadian company has been granted a license to mine rare metals in Greenland.
© AP Photo / David Goldman Greenland ice melt August 3, 2017
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Toronto ’ s New Performance Materials, one of the few rare earth metal processors outside China, has obtained an exploration license in Greenland from Hudson Resources in Vancouver (Canada).
Washington - Sputnik.
“Through a special-purpose entity, NEO plans to explore and develop the Surfertog project to further diversify its global sources of rare earth ore and expand the supply chains that feed the company ’ s rare earth ore separation facility in Estonia, ” it said in a statement.
NEO CEO Constantine Karianopoulos told the New York Times that his goal was to reduce the company ’ s exposure to volatile global crude prices.
NEO buys semi-processed raw materials from Russia, the United States and Australia.
"Collects Rare Minerals"...
China enters the world of "space mining" with the launch of the first robot...
A picture.
The Surftog Carbonatite complex contains mineral deposits rich in neodymium and praseodymium, which are essential components of the rare earth permanent magnet used in electric vehicles, wind turbines, high-efficiency electric motors and pumps that help reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
NEO also plans to build a new permanent magnet manufacturing plant in Estonia to supply European manufacturers of electric and hybrid vehicles, wind turbines, and energy-efficient electric motors and pumps, the statement said.
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Content: Greenland ban on uranium mining prevents Chinese companies from expanding rare earths
November 13, 2021 17: 33
Eastern Network Television
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As part of its Arctic strategy, China has supported the mining of rare earths in Greenland by Australia ’ s Greenland Minerals, a Chinese-owned subsidiary of Shenghe Resources, through the Belt and Road Initiative.
However, Greenland ’ s parliament passed a new law banning uranium mining and halting the development of rare earth deposits at Kuannersuit, the southern tip of Greenland.
China's rare earth mining accounts for more than 70% of the global mining volume, and China's rare earth magnetic processing volume accounts for 90% of the global processing volume.
Sungho Resources, one of the world ’ s largest producers of rare earth materials, acquired a 12.5% stake in Greenland Minerals in 2016, making it the largest shareholder in the latter.
Guanast in southern Greenland is home to the world ’ s second-largest reserves of rare earths and uranium after China, accounting for 10% of the world ’ s rare earth production.
Since former US President Donald Trump proposed the idea of buying Greenland in 2019, the rich rare earth resources of Guanaster in southern Greenland have attracted attention.
Greenland ’ s local parliament was elected early on April 6. In the end, the pro-environmental left-wing Inuit Ataqatigiit party won the election, and its leader, Mute Egede, became the new prime minister.
He declared that he would do everything in his power to stop the Guanast Rare Earth Mine project.
In response, Greenland ’ s parliament has passed a new bill aimed at banning exploration of uranium deposits, as well as other radioactive deposits such as thorium, and halting the development of rare earth deposits at the southern tip of Greenland.

What is one of the global key REE manufacturers?

What is one of the global key REE manufacturers?

What is one of the global key REE manufacturers?

The EU has also signed a strategic partnership with Greenland on raw materials, aiming to support the country's mineral sector development and promote sustainable raw material value chains.

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Content: Friday 01 December 2023
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
Abdurrahim Ali
Editor-in-Chief
Dalia Abdul Rahim
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editorial Board
Abdurrahim Ali
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The world.
EU and Greenland sign strategic partnership on raw material value chains
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The European Union has signed a memorandum of understanding with the Government of Greenland in Brussels to establish a strategic partnership to develop sustainable raw material value chains.
Greenland ’ s vast natural wealth is a key asset for reaping the benefits of global value chains, as it seeks to diversify its economy in a sustainable way, while 25 of the 34 critical raw materials identified by the Commission as strategically important for European industry and green transformation can be found in Greenland.
The Executive Vice President of the European Green Deal, Enterprise Relations and Foresight of the European Commission, Maros Sivčović, signed the Memorandum of Understanding with the Government of Greenland represented by the Minister of Business, Trade, Mineral Resources, Justice and Gender Equality, Naga Nathanelsen.
The signing of the MoU will contribute to the development of sustainable projects along the raw materials value chains and the deployment of the necessary infrastructure for their development.
The MoU provides for close cooperation between Greenland and the EU in five important areas; among which is the development of economic and industrial integration of the value chains of vital raw materials and other raw materials.
This includes networking, joint project development, creating and promoting new business models, attracting investments, supporting access to finance, facilitating business linkages, developing and integrating support for economic diversification and ensuring the smooth functioning and resilience of value chains.
Foster collaboration to leverage high environmental, social and international governance (ESG) standards, to ensure that Greenland ’ s mineral sector serves as a lever for sustainable and inclusive economic growth while creating local and local value.
This includes the sustainable exploitation of mineral resources in close dialogue with the Greenland community of individuals, organisations, institutions and other stakeholders, taking fully into account the unique nature of Greenland ’ s pristine lands and applying high environmental, social and governance standards set out in legislation, conventions, guidelines and best practices.
Deploy the infrastructure needed to develop raw material value chains.
This includes taking into account the specificities of Greenland's transport and energy infrastructure needs, taking into account Arctic or sub-Arctic conditions, and supporting the mobilization of funding for such infrastructure.
Capacity building and skills development along raw material value chains.
This includes developing skills at all levels in the raw materials industry and wider society.
Greenland is eligible to participate in the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation and provides Earth observation data thanks to the European Copernicus Satellite Programme which offers promising opportunities related to mineral exploration, sediment mapping and mining monitoring including waste management and environmental impact monitoring.
according to the statement.

China's Shenghe Resources, through its subsidiary Greenland Minerals, has expressed interest in developing the rare earth resources in Greenland.

What countries are invested in Greenland Minerals corp?

What is one of the global key REE manufacturers?

However, the Greenland parliament has banned uranium mining and rare earth development at Kuannersuit, which may impact the plans of companies like Greenland Minerals.

What has Greenland's new prime minister Mute Egede pledged to do regarding Kuannersuit rare earth mining?

Which Greenland rare earth deposits has its Parliament prohibited from developing?

The extraction and processing of rare earth minerals in Greenland can be difficult and require significant technical expertise and equipment.

The technical requirements for extracting rare earth minerals in Greenland include the need for a factory to separate the minerals from rocks and the use of acidic substances for refining.

Title:

Content: Greenland to mine rare earths in 2024 | Economic Horizontal | DW | 30.07.2023
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Greenland to mine rare earths in 2024
According to the German "Economic Weekly" reported that a mining company has obtained permission from the Greenland government to mine rare earths on the island.
The company said production could begin next year.
Tanbreez Mining, a mining company, plans to mine rare earths in Greenland next year, according to the Economic Weekly.
“We can start production next year, ” said Greg Barnes, a geologist and owner of the company. Greenland ’ s deputy minister for minerals confirmed to the journal that a mining licence had been issued.
Barnes said the Tanbreez mine "contains more than half of the world's rare earth resources" and has 19 million tons of rare earth oxides.
Of these, 30% are highly favored heavy rare earth elements.
Rare earth contains a total of 17 kinds of metal elements, the properties of each metal are different.
Each metal has a unique industrial value.
Some of them are irreplaceable.
They are used, for example, in the manufacture of electric vehicles or wind turbines.
Last year, about two-thirds of Germany ’ s rare earths came from China. Mining such as rare earths is difficult and often harmful to the environment, as rare earths are often associated with iron ore, and the chemical process of refining often requires the use of acidic substances.
What is Rare Earth?
Barnes, owner of Tanbreez Mining, told Economic Weekly that to start mining for rare earths in Greenland, a factory would be needed to separate rare earths from heterosexual rocks.
Currently there are only such factories in Russia and China.
But one such plant will be built in the United States in the coming months.
There are also plans to build a factory in Europe.
Thanks to technological advances, the equipment that separates rare earths currently costs only $40 million.
According to Barnes, China paid 1.7 billion U.S. dollars for the equipment 13 years ago.
In January, Swedish state-owned mining company LKAB announced the discovery of Europe ’ s largest rare earth deposit to date.
But the company said it would take 10-15 years for the rare earth mine, located in Kiruna in northern Sweden, to be available to the market.
EU Plans to Diversify Rare Earth Supply Chain
(Agence France-Presse, Economic Weekly)
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The cost of developing a rare earth mine in Greenland can be high, with the Baimsky GOK project in Russia costing over $8.5 billion for infrastructure.

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Content: The delayed Arctic.
Why does the development of natural resources of the Arctic zone of Russia stall - 07.08.2023 Ukraina.ru
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The delayed Arctic.
Why does the development of natural resources of the Arctic zone of Russia stall?
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Journalists and some experts like to talk about the innumerable riches of the Russian Arctic, and officials like to talk about its investment potential.
But the reality is much more complicated.
Mineral resources
The resource potential of the Arctic shakes the imagination, provoking fantasies about billions of states.
In the Arctic zone, most of the Russian reserves of gold (40%), chromium and manganese (90%), platinum metals (47%), indigenous diamonds (100%), vermiculite (100%), coal, nickel, antimony, cobalt, tin, tungsten, mercury, apatite (50%), phlogopite (60 – 90%) are concentrated.
The total estimated estimated resources of coal lying here are estimated at at least 780 billion tons, of which 599 billion tons are energy and more than 81 billion tons are coking.
It also produces 100% of diamonds, antimony, apatite, phlogopite, vermiculite, rare and rare earth metals, 98% of platinoids, 95% of gas, 90% of nickel and cobalt, 60% of copper and oil.
The total value of mineral resources in the depths of the Arctic regions of Russia is estimated to exceed $30 trillion.
Two thirds of that amount comes from energy.
And the total value of the explored reserves is 1.5 – 2 trillion dollars.
However, all this wealth is extremely difficult to get to, but it is even more difficult to start mining.
The problems are mass, they do not have an easy solution.
First, the Arctic zone has an extremely harsh climate, which imposes restrictions on the work of people, requires the use of special equipment (for example, shift buses), as well as special approaches in construction (pile foundations instead of tape).
Secondly, the Arctic territories, with the rare exception of the Murmansk and Arkhangelsk regions, are located at a considerable distance from transport communications, among which the railway plays a crucial role in the context of mining.
As a result, the farther away from the coastline, the higher the transport costs and the greater the dependence on the northern delivery, limited by a short navigation period and the presence of a specialized fleet, in particular icebreakers.
Simply put, there is no railway and a river / sea nearby – there is no chance of development: neither the equipment to start, nor the raw materials to take out.
Thirdly, the Arctic zone is not spoiled by the electric power infrastructure: power plants, power lines and power substations.
For any serious industrial equipment, tens (or even hundreds) of megawatts of power are needed.
The power plant itself is not taken from nowhere: it is not just necessary to build it, which rests on logistics, but also to provide fuel, as a rule, with fossil fuels, that is, to stretch a gas pipeline or lay a railway to deliver coal.
And if you look at the map of the energy system of Russia (not even the newest one is suitable), then its focal character in the Far East and the Arctic will immediately become noticeable.
As a result, any Arctic project, with the exception of providing settlements where both diesel and renewable energy are used, as well as military facilities, does not have a chance to implement due to the lack of electricity generation.
However, even in the Murmansk region or Siberia, the distance to the nearest power line can be tens of kilometers, which inevitably affects the cost of any mining project.
Thus, the extraction of anything in the Arctic inevitably rests on infrastructure issues (transport, electricity) and stumbles over harsh climatic conditions, including permafrost.
As a result, the huge resource potential of the Arctic beyond its hydrocarbon part, extracted on the shelf, should be treated very calmly, understanding the difficulties with the extraction of these minerals.
It is doubly safe to treat the assessment of the Arctic wealth, measured in trillions of dollars.
Now these riches are not worth anything since it is almost impossible to get them, and in 5-10 years their value in monetary terms will only increase due to inflation.
Thus, the farther away from the coastline, the more difficult it is to supply a large industrial enterprise and the higher the cost of an investment project for mining.
What will happen after Ukraine?
In 2007, a Russian polar expedition led by Arthur Chilingarov on a deep-sea vehicle reached the bottom of the Arctic Ocean under the North Pole and installed a Russian flag there.
How much does it cost to master the Artic
To understand the scale of the Arctic challenge, it is enough to give a few examples.
The first example.
Development of the Udokan copper deposit in the Trans-Baikal Territory, which is located at a respectable distance from the southern border of the Arctic zone of Russia.
Udokan is the largest in Russia and one of the largest undeveloped copper deposits in the world.
Work on “Udokan copper ” began in 2008, but commissioning work“ under load ” on the coarse crushing plant was carried out only in June 2023, that is, 15 years after the registration of a legal entity for the development of the deposit.
The launch of the first stage of the project for the development of a field with reserves of over 26.7 million tons of copper cost $2.9 billion, the launch of the second stage of the plant will cost $4 billion.
To develop the deposit, Udokan built 17 km of roads with a carriageway width of 6 meters, modernized railway infrastructure, and reconstructed the airport in the village of Chara.
Plus, from the nearest Chara substation, the company extended the transmission line to its substations with a capacity of 50 and 146 MW.
And this is not the Arctic, but the Trans-Baikal Territory, where there is something to pull power lines and lay railway branches.
Second example.
Baimsky GOK at the Chukotka gold-copper deposit Peschanka.
It is another of the largest undeveloped copper deposits in the world with reserves of 9.9 million tons of copper and 16.6 million ounces of gold.
The projected cost of capital construction of the entire infrastructure, which will allow processing 70 million tons of ore annually, will exceed $8.5 billion.
The GOK will be launched no earlier than 2028.
The power system of Chukotka is cut off from the Unified Power System of Russia, so for the Baimsky GOK, Rosatom Corporation is building four nuclear floating power units (PEB) on RITM-200 reactors with a capacity of 106 MW each, the construction cost of which in 2021 was estimated at 190.2 billion rubles.
Products from the GOK will be exported along the Northern Sea Route.
It is metals and raw materials that will be the main cargo transported on the NSR - container transportation on the NSR will always lose due to the need for ice wiring, as well as the smaller size of ice class container ships (the more containers the ship carries, the cheaper the cargo delivery).
The development of the NSR, unlike raw materials projects, is financed by the state: the plan for the development of the NSR until 2035 involves the allocation of 1.79 trillion rubles and an increase in cargo traffic along the NSR to 80 million tons by 2024 (34 million tons of cargo were transported in 2022, 2 million tons more than the plan) and 150 million tons by 2030.
It is assumed that the implementation of the plan will bring the Russian economy more than 13.2 trillion rubles of tax revenues and 31.5 trillion rubles of added value until 2035.
As you can see, the development of the NSR does not make sense without the extraction of minerals, and their extraction is impossible without the NSR.
What will happen after Ukraine?
Today, almost all the leading countries of the world show interest in the Arctic.
This also applies to those countries whose territory is located very far from the North Pole – including China, which is investing huge sums in its Arctic projects and is already preparing to build its own icebreaker fleet.
There's money.
So far.
As expected, the main problems in the development of the Arctic are technology and money.
Last year was extremely stressful for Russian business: ferrous metallurgy was under sanctions, oil companies lost access to the markets of unfriendly countries, and many investment projects stalled.
The already mentioned Baimsky GOK was built with the participation of KAZ Minerals, but the company stopped operating in Russia due to sanctions and transferred shares to Trianon Limited, owned by KAZ Minerals shareholders.
And such examples, if you delve into the topic, will be enough.
The situation is not so rosy with the financial issue: for the implementation of Arctic projects, money is needed from both corporations and the state.
However, the state is now actively financing hostilities, the integration and restoration of new territories into Russia, as well as national projects.
Accordingly, its ability to accelerate the development of the Arctic is limited, as well as the capabilities of corporations that had to restructure their investment plans on the go and not all raw materials projects are built into them.
The company "Elgaugol", controlled by "A-Property" Albert Avdolyan, is building a private railway line for the export of coal from the Elinsky deposit in Yakutia.
The fact is that the state Russian Railways is already implementing the project of expanding the Eastern Polygon (BAM and Transsib), so it cannot pull the construction of the railway branch.
And the Northern Latitudinal Passage, an important transport component of the development of the Arctic, was put on pause in November 2022 for the sake of the speedy expansion of the Eastern Polygon.
Therefore, the speed of implementation of Arctic projects depends on the general state of the Russian economy and finances, as well as the ability of the federal authorities to find a reasonable balance between the desire to replenish the federal budget and the needs of large businesses.
Alexei Podberezkin: If NATO sends its ships to the Arctic, nature itself will act on the side of RussiaSweden and Finland are relatively small states with tiny armed forces, so they add little to the strengthening of NATO ’ s combat capability, says Alexei Podberezkin, Director of the Center for Military-Political Studies at MGIMO
Of course, the basic level of funding for Arctic programs will remain, but additional money could seriously accelerate the project, which will be implemented not only by our children, but also by our grandchildren.
Otherwise, the postponed Arctic awaits us, but it will not cease to be ours - no one else has the spirit to live in the latitudes of Norilsk.
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In comparison, the cost of building a rare earth refinery in Australia is estimated to be around $675-800 million.

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Content: Truth, Inspiration, Hope.

Govts Utilizing Mine Waste to Beat China on Green Energy Goals

100,000 tons of rare earths each year end up in waste from producing phosphoric acid alone
Victor resides in the Netherlands and writes about freedom and governmental and social changes to the democratic form of nations.
Published: April 10, 2023

Several mine waste refining projects have started worldwide in a longshot effort to meet the demand for the green energy revolution and beat market leader China along the way.

Sweden, South Africa, and Australia are among the countries that hope to wean off their dependency on China for their supply of rare earths, a market that is 90 percent dominated by Beijing

These mine waste by-products, in many cases, can be processed into substances vital for powering electric vehicles (EV) and wind turbines; however, the yield from these processes would hardly make a dent in satisfying the surging demand of a world that has set its sights on net-zero carbon emissions by 2040.

Sweden

One of those companies that took the challenge is Swedish state-owned iron ore miner LKAB, which has set out to extract phosphorus for fertilizer, fluorine, and gypsum in addition to rare earths from mining debris or by-products.

Material from an initial stage of iron ore processing, currently deposited in a tailings dam, Europe’s largest known deposit of rare earth oxides, will be retained and go through further treatment stages.

“We want to make sure we extract as much value as possible, and when we come to the critical minerals, we have those in our ores already,” said David Hognelid, LKAB’s chief strategy officer for unique products.

LKAB will be sending its material for separation to Norway’s REEtec, in which it is the biggest shareholder.

Commodity trader Mercuria also bought a stake in REEtec for a new division that targets metals needed for the energy transition.

“REEtec fits the narrative of building processing capacity for rare earths in the part of the supply chain where we think there’s a bottleneck,” said Guillaume de Dardel, head of energy transition metals at Mercuria.

“The company’s technology has a lower environmental footprint than the legacy solvent extraction process essentially used for rare earths separation in China.”

South Africa and Australia

In South Africa, Rainbow Minerals also plans to process waste stacks from years of phosphate mining.

Rainbow Minerals will employ a novel method based on ion chromatography, a technique widely used in pharmaceutical and other industries created by the American business K-Technologies.

The largest such project, however, is currently underway in Australia, where the manufacturer of mineral sands, Iluka, is preparing to process 1 million tons of stockpiled by-products that have been accumulating at its Eneabba site since the 1990s.

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It is constructing a rare earths refinery slated to open in 2025 that, together with the required infrastructure, is anticipated to cost between $675 million and $800 million, aided by government grants.

Low-hanging fruits

There are 16.2 million tons of unexploited rare earths in 325 mineral sands deposits worldwide, Australia’s RMIT University estimates. Meanwhile, the Idaho National Laboratory said 100,000 tons of rare earths each year end up in waste from producing phosphoric acid alone.

The projects mentioned above target output of over 10,000 tons of key elements neodymium and praseodymium (NdPr) oxide by 2027 by processing material from mineral sands, fertilizer, and iron ore operations, Reuters estimated based on figures from consultants Adamas Intelligence.

“These projects are the low-hanging fruit in the supply chain at the moment,” said Ryan Castilloux, managing director at Adamas.

But these low-hanging fruits only make up 8 percent of the expected demand for the two vital ores, essential for making permanent magnets to power EV and wind turbine motors.

“There’s more demand growth coming in the near to medium term than production, so there’s an opportunity for these readily accessible sources of supply,” Castilloux figured.

But however profitable the short-term prospects for Adamas and others may be, they will only be for a relatively short period. They can only serve to cut the expected deficit in the materials by half at most, Adamas and the Reuters analysis showed.

Reuters contributed to this article.

The current state of infrastructure development in Greenland is robust in the south, but investments are needed to develop the necessary infrastructure for large-scale mining operations.

The EU and Greenland's strategic partnership aims to address these infrastructure needs and develop sustainable raw material value chains.

The partnership also considers Arctic transport and energy needs, as well as capacity building and skills development.

Overall, investing in Greenland's rare earth mineral sector carries both potential benefits and risks, and investors will need to carefully consider these factors before making a decision.