Different governments are implementing various measures to prevent borrowings in their state languages, with some countries having laws regulating borrowings, especially from English.

Ukraine, for instance, has a law ensuring Ukrainian as the state language, with fines for violating the law ranging from 3,400 to 11,900 hryvnia.

In Russia, the government prohibits foreign words at the state level, except for those without Russian analogues, and has laws regulating language use in official relations and correspondence.

The Russian government also proposes simplifying the language of laws to avoid complex terms and borrowed words, with the aim of making laws simple and understandable for citizens.

Italy has drafted a bill to ban English language use, imposing a 100,000 euro fine for violations, in an effort to promote Italian language use and protect local culture.

Additionally, Russia has adopted a law restricting foreign words in the language, regulating foreign and non-literary words usage, and strengthening control over language norms in government.

The law applies to education, media, and advertising, and prohibits non-literary words and expressions, with exceptions made for words without Russian analogues.

According to UNESCO, 6,700 languages are under threat of disappearance, highlighting the importance of language preservation efforts.

Russia's language policy is considered one of the best globally, with institutional infrastructure for language support in bilingual regions and a focus on preserving languages of small peoples.

Overall, these efforts demonstrate that governments are taking steps to regulate borrowings and promote their state languages, with varying approaches and levels of success.

Different governments are implementing various measures to prevent borrowings in their state languages, with some countries having laws regulating borrowings, especially from English.

Title:

Content: Politics 2022-07-14T16: 11: 37 + 03: 00
Ukrainian News
The language ombudsman accuses Zelensky, Arrestovich and Kim of violating the law on language and threatens fines
The language ombudsman accuses Zelensky, Arrestovich and Kim of violating the law on language and threatens fines
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Taras Kremin.
Photo: umoloda
Commissioner for the Protection of the State Language Taras Kremin notes that President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, Advisor to the Head of the Office of the President Oleksiy Arestovich and Head of the Mykolaiv Regional State Administration and Head of the Regional Military Administration Vitaly Kim violated the law on ensuring the functioning of the Ukrainian language as the state language, according to which fines of up to 12 thousand hryvnia are provided.
This is stated in the message of the language ombudsman on the website, Ukrainian news reports.
The review of the use of state language by officials was conducted from March 1 to June 30 through a selective survey of broadcasting, official pages of central executive bodies, local self-government bodies, military administrations, on the Internet platforms Youtube, Facebook, Telegram, as well as through a search for key queries with the names of heads of bodies and their deputies on the Youtube network.
According to the report of the review, the working language of the activities of state authorities, local governments, enterprises, institutions and organizations of state and communal ownership was state.
At the same time, the service in a non-state language is recorded in the activities of some officials of local councils, heads of military administrations, heads of municipal enterprises.
Cases of the use of non-state language were both on television, and on the pages of social networks and Telegram channels.
Thus, communication in a non-state language was recorded by 8 heads of military administrations, 15 officials of local self-government bodies, 2 heads of institutions of communal ownership.
In particular, the language law was violated by Zelensky, Arestovich, Kim, Advisor to the Minister of Internal Affairs of Ukraine Anton Gerashchenko, Head of the Military Administration of Kryvyi Rih Oleksandr Vilkul, Chairman of the Luhansk Regional State Administration, Head of the Regional Military Administration Serhiy Gaidai, Mariupol Mayor Vadim Boychenko, Kharkiv Mayor of Melitopol Ivan Fedorov, Dnipro Head Boris Filatov.
For example, it is noted that the President violated the language law during a meeting with foreign guests - British businessman Richard Branson on June 29 and actor and director Sean Penn on June 28.
The Ombudsman notes that there are currently far fewer cases of using a non-state language on TV channels than in March and April this year, but some officials continue to violate the language law.
"As early as July 16, such actions may have consequences in the form of administrative penalties - warnings and fines," Kremin said.
July 16 comes into force subparagraph 1 of paragraph 7 of the section "Final and transitional provisions" of the law on language, which imposes fines.
Since then, the Commissioner will be able to fine officials of state authorities and local self-government, heads and employees of enterprises, institutions and organizations of all forms of ownership, other individuals who violate the law.
According to the results of the protocol on an administrative offense, a decision may be made to recover in the form of a warning or a fine from 3,400 to 8,500 hryvnia, if the violation is committed for the first time, or from 8,500 to 11,900 hryvnia - for a repeated violation within a year.
As reported by Ukrainian News, from July 16, all sites must enter Ukrainian-language versions.
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Ukraine, for instance, has a law ensuring Ukrainian as the state language, with fines for violating the law ranging from 3,400 to 11,900 hryvnia.

In Russia, the government prohibits foreign words at the state level, except for those without Russian analogues, and has laws regulating language use in official relations and correspondence.

Title:

Content: 22 February 2023, 17: 37
The Federation Council approved the law on the prohibition of the use of foreign words at the state level
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The Federation Council approved a law implying the inadmissibility of the use of foreign words at the state level.
The exception will be those words that have no analogues in the Russian language and which at the same time are contained in normative dictionaries.
“When using the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation, the use of words and expressions that do not meet the standards of the modern Russian literary language (including obscene language) is not allowed, ” the law states.
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The norms are understood as language tools and rules for their use, reflected in normative dictionaries and reference books.
The government on the basis of proposals of the Commission will approve the list of regulatory dictionaries and requirements for them.
It is also understood that they will reflect a list of foreign words, which are acceptable due to the lack of analogues.
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The composition and procedure of the government commission will also be approved by the Cabinet.
According to the law, the state language of the Russian Federation must be used in official relations and official correspondence of all organizations, both with Russians and with foreign citizens.
In addition, the addresses of senders and recipients of telegrams, parcels, postal orders within Russia, information for consumers of goods and services, and so on should be drawn up in the state language.
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The Russian government also proposes simplifying the language of laws to avoid complex terms and borrowed words, with the aim of making laws simple and understandable for citizens.

Title:

Content: Communists are asking for clarity
The Deputy of the Moscow City Duma proposes to simplify the language of laws
The Deputy of the Moscow city Duma Elena Yanchuk (CPRF) this week will submit a bill, which proposes to simplify the language of the capital ’ s regulations.
Modern laws, in her opinion, are overloaded with complex turnovers, highly specialized terms and bureaucratic jargon.
This does not allow people whose lives are regulated by these norms to fully understand them and influence the change in their content, Ms. Yanchuk believes.
United Russia says that developments in this direction are already underway, in particular, in the field of replacing foreign analogues of Russian words.
The bill proposes to supplement Article 11 of the law “On legal acts of the city of Moscow ” with a norm on the simplification of their language: the presentation should be“ simple and understandable ”, which means that when writing they should avoid “clerisms, professional jargons, borrowed words and complex syntactic constructions ”.
In the explanatory note, Elena Yanchuk refers to the scientific monograph of 2018 of the Research Institute of Problems of the State Language of St. Petersburg University, which notes that the language of legislative acts is understood by “no more than five percent of the country ’ s residents ”.
According to the MP, the complexity of the presentation of laws “leads to misunderstanding between the government and society ”, and the correction of the situation will contribute to the“ development of civil society ” and “the implementation of fundamental constitutional principles. ”
In particular, Ms. Yanchuk notes that according to the law on legal acts, residents of the capital “are subjects of lawmaking ”, but it is“ difficult without a deep understanding ” of the laws, which makes it necessary to state them “in a simple and understandable language. ”
The Communist also recalls the experience of other countries: in particular, New Zealand, which adopted a similar law last fall, and the United States, which enshrined similar rules in 2010.
To prove the necessity of changing the language of laws, Elena Yanchuk researched several regulations of Moscow with the help of linguists.
They pointed to the accumulation of involved turnover and the frequent use of highly specialized and foreign language terms (for example, “sequestration of expenses ” and“ listing of securities ”).
Ms. Yanchuk emphasizes that her initiative does not imply the introduction of any restrictions for ordinary people and concerns only the unjustified use of foreign words.
“The bill does not set the task of inventing or selecting Russian synonyms for all words borrowed from other languages, of which there are many in our language, ” the explanatory note says.
It should be noted that on December 13, the State Duma adopted in the first reading a bill clarifying the procedure for the use of foreign words at the state level.
The document proposes to oblige officials to observe the “norms of the Russian literary language ”, comparing them and permissible foreign words with reference books to be developed by the government.
Proposals to cleanse the language of laws from unnecessary clerisms are periodically expressed, since this is dictated by the need for an unambiguous understanding of the meaning of the document, the head of the Moscow City Duma Commission on Legislation Alexander Semennikov (United Russia) told Kommersant.
There are developments in this direction, the deputy noted, citing the above-mentioned law “On the state language ” as an example.
“In addition, there is judicial and law enforcement practice of interpretation of terms and verbal blocks, — said Mr. Semennikov. — It is clear that in one day it is impossible to change, because there is a huge array of already adopted laws, set out in a certain style and lexical uniformity.
Simultaneously go from the language, conditionally, "War and Peace" to the syllable of the fairy tale about Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka is unreal. "
However, the bill has not yet been submitted to the city Duma, and to look at what is written and how it is written, “it will be interesting, ” the deputy added.
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Italy has drafted a bill to ban English language use, imposing a 100,000 euro fine for violations, in an effort to promote Italian language use and protect local culture.

Title:

Content: Italian govt drafts bill that seeks to ban English language

RomeEdited By: C KrishnasaiUpdated: Apr 01, 2023, 03:15 PM IST

Calling for the Italian language to be protected and nurtured, the draft bill claims that English “demeans and mortifies” Italians, and called on all public and private bodies to use the “language of Dante” to promote their goods and services, reports Reuters news agency. Photograph:(Reuters)

Story highlights

The bill, which has been drafted by lawmakers of the nationalist Brothers of Italy party, aims to promote Italian language and imposes a fine of up to 100,000 euros ($108,750) if found violating the rule

Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni’s party has proposed legislation that seeks to prohibit public and private bodies in the country from using foreign terms, especially English, in official communications.

The bill, which has been drafted by lawmakers of the nationalist Brothers of Italy party, aims to promote Italian language and imposes a fine of up to 100,000 euros ($108,750) if found violating the rule.

In order to become a law, the bill has to be approved by both houses of parliament. But there was no indication of when this might happen.

“It is not just a matter of fashion, as fashions pass, but Anglomania (has) repercussions for society as a whole,” said the text of the draft bill.

Calling for the Italian language to be protected and nurtured, the draft bill claims that English “demeans and mortifies” Italians, and called on all public and private bodies to use the “language of Dante” to promote their goods and services, reports Reuters news agency.

The draft also specifies that all job related applications, including names and acronyms, should be spelt out in Italian, with foreign words allowed only if they are impossible to translate.

The bill said the widespread use of English in Europe was “even more negative and paradoxical” given that Britain had quit the European Union.

The draft bill comes at a time when the incumbent far-right government takes measures to what it calls preserving the local culture.

Recently, it banned the use of laboratory-produced food to safeguard the country’s agri-food heritage.

When the Brothers of Italy party took office last October, it added the English term “Made in Italy” to the name of the industry minister, while Meloni occasionally drops foreign words into her speeches.

(With inputs from agencies)

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Additionally, Russia has adopted a law restricting foreign words in the language, regulating foreign and non-literary words usage, and strengthening control over language norms in government.

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Content: Partners news
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The state Duma adopted a law on the restriction of foreign words in the Russian language
The State Duma adopted in the second and third readings the law on the state language.
It regulates the use of foreign and non-literary words.
This is reported by RIA Novosti.
Russian language.
altapress.ru
According to the published document, the purpose of the bill is to increase the importance of the Russian language as the state language throughout the country.
In particular, to strengthen control over the observance of its norms by civil servants and citizens.
The law deals with education, state systems, registered media, advertising, and cinema.
First of all, the bill does not allow the use of non-literary words and expressions, including obscene language.
The exception is foreign words, which have no analogue in the Russian language.
In connection with the law, a mandatory linguistic examination of draft normative acts will be introduced to check their compliance with the norms and rules of the Russian language.
They will also make a list of dictionaries.
They will fix the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
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The law applies to education, media, and advertising, and prohibits non-literary words and expressions, with exceptions made for words without Russian analogues.

According to UNESCO, 6,700 languages are under threat of disappearance, highlighting the importance of language preservation efforts.

Title:

Content: - A plus A.
Yousef bin Trad Al Saadoun
The depletion and gradual disappearance of languages has become an issue of concern to the world, given its serious consequences for the disappearance of identities and the international cultural diversity of which language is the main base.
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ’ s (UNESCO) publication, “A Decade to Prevent the Disappearance of 3,000 Languages, ” showed that of the 7,000 languages currently spoken in the world, 6,700 are under threat, with 3,000 likely to disappear before the end of the century, with an average of one every two weeks.
The Arabic language is an important pillar of human cultural diversity, it is: the language of the Holy Quran, and one of the richest languages in vocabulary spoken by more than 450 million people.
To consolidate their position among the world ’ s languages, the Arab countries have made efforts on the international scene out of pride in their great language.
On December 18, 1973, the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution 3190 to adopt Arabic as the official language of the General Assembly and its subsidiary bodies.
She has also established centers to spread her learning across the globe, such as the King Salman International Arabic Language Academy.
Despite the importance of these international efforts, the Arabic language is in dire need of stronger patronage at home.
It faces obstacles and inaction from some of its people, and multiple external arrows that seek to marginalize it and eat away at its functions in Arab societies, thus fearing the threat to its existence.
Some of the manifestations of the suffering experienced by the Arabic language in its homelands:
Teaching curricula in foreign languages (English and French), and attracting international schools, depriving young people of receiving education in their mother tongue.
The intensity of the presentation of programs and films in foreign languages to the Arab public and private media, especially directed at children.
Requirements of proficiency in foreign languages for employment in public and private institutions, and omitting the importance of the requirement of mastering the Arabic language in writing and speaking.
The affliction of some elites, official, social, cultural, media and expatriate families, who exalt all that is Arabic, and boast of using foreign terminology.
The complacency of governments and individuals in protecting the Arabic language by allowing the adoption of foreign languages in: seminars, conferences, lectures, media and advertising, and the adoption of foreign names for shops, companies, events, initiatives and private and public projects.
So much contempt for the mother tongue that foreign terms are written in Arabic letters.
The absence of effective official bodies competent to assume the tasks of protecting the Arabic language, and the absence of deterrent sanctions.
Limited effective community engagement to protect the national language.
Since language is the anchor of the identity of peoples, the cohesion of their unity, the link between the past, the present and the future, without it no nation will realize who it is?
And where did it come from?
It will not be able to clearly define the future of its tracks.
The lessons of history prove that there is no survival for a nation whose people have abandoned their language.
Therefore, the Arab countries must realize that their continuation depends on their adherence to their Arabic language, as the loss of religion, identity and entity is lost, and the languages and cultures of other nations dominate the coming generations and subject them to their subordination and domination.
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with its wise leadership with determination and zeal for Arab identity, deserves to unite the Arab nation and document their cohesion, through the formulation of an initiative to protect the Arabic language and its adoption at the next Arab summit to be hosted by Riyadh.
It may be appropriate for such an initiative to include the following elements:
1.
Strengthen the tendency of the Arab peoples to respect and defend their national language, and intensify media programs in support of this goal.
2.
Obliging public and private institutions to use the Arabic language in all their dealings, documents and agreements.
3.
Teaching curricula at all levels of education in Arabic, and reducing the spread of international schools in the Arab world.
4.
Expanding the production of programs and films aimed at children in Arabic, and dubbing foreign programs and films in Arabic before their presentation in the local media.
5.
Requirement of fluency in speaking and writing in Arabic when joining public and private jobs.
6.
Establish strong bodies for the protection of the Arabic language, such as anti-corruption bodies, and equip them with legislation that ensures the implementation of deterrent sanctions for all violations committed.
7.
The imposition of the Arabic language as a fixed official language for seminars, conferences and events held on the Arab territories.
8.
Arabization of the names of all shops, companies, events, initiatives and projects in the Arab countries.
9.
Establishing civil society organizations specialized in protecting the Arabic language and supporting their activities.
10.
The one who does not have the loyalty and appreciation of his mother tongue by mastering and speaking it is not good to hope for his homeland and his nation, does not rely on him.
Conclusion:
From the words of the poet Turki bin Hamid:
Our people, do not multiply the vices.
Show me an expansion fissure.
Life is in God & apos; s hands, we will create
The right of the pastor Salah the parish
We take the risk and age, it must be Zayle.
In the wake of danger, we drink sweet fruit.
If only we had passengers.
Otherwise, our homes are ignorant.
No, no, no, no, no, no, no, no
God ’ s Spirit comes to him and gives him a silver.

Russia's language policy is considered one of the best globally, with institutional infrastructure for language support in bilingual regions and a focus on preserving languages of small peoples.

Title:

Content: All news
UNESCO said that Russia can offer the world leadership in the preservation of languages
In every bilingual and even multilingual region in Russia, an institutional infrastructure for language support has been created and is functioning, said Deputy Chairman of the Intergovernmental Council of the UNESCO Information for All Programme Yevgeny Kuzmin.
Moscow, December 16.
/ TASS /.
Russia needs to start studying the preservation of languages   of small peoples abroad, the Russian side can offer the world leadership in these issues.
This was stated on Thursday by Deputy Chairman of the Intergovernmental Council of the UNESCO program “Information for all ” Eugene Kuzmin at the forum FADN“ Language policy in the Russian Federation ”.
“We can offer the world leadership in the preservation of languages.
Russia can teach people in other countries language policy and realistic methods of preserving the languages and cultures of indigenous peoples. <... > We need to start work on studying the preservation of languages of small peoples in foreign countries and in general in interesting places, "he said.
Kuzmin noted that in Russia, as well as in the world as a whole, languages are marginalized.
“This is a global civilizational process: minority peoples are assimilated, mixed marriages, the outflow of rural population to cities and other regions, urbanization, the desire of people to get a good higher education in capitals and abroad, ” he explained.
At the same time, in every bilingual and even multilingual region in Russia, an institutional infrastructure for language support has been created and is functioning.
According to him, all institutions work well and as can prevent the marginalization of languages, contributing to their preservation and even revitalization.
"In Russia, this is happening better than in many other, if not all, multilingual countries," he added. - Although international comparative studies have not been conducted here, it can be argued that Russian language policy is one of the best, if not exemplary.
Russia can offer the world to develop criteria, parameters of language policy, criteria for its evaluation in each direction, initiate and lead such studies in order to identify the best policies and practices.
We have every opportunity in this country. ”
Kuzmin also drew attention to the UNESCO Atlas of Languages.
“It is us, not the Anglo-Saxons, who should decide at what level of danger our languages are and understand what the vitality index is, and then, judging by the atlas, we have at the same level of vulnerability the Chuvash language in Russia with 1.5 million Chuvash and the language of the Indian tribe in the United States with a population of 250 people, ” he added.
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Overall, these efforts demonstrate that governments are taking steps to regulate borrowings and promote their state languages, with varying approaches and levels of success.

Title:

Content: The ban on foreign borrowings in the Russian language - what should be feared - RIA Novosti Crimea, 16.02.2023
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Radio "Sputnik in Crimea"
The ban on foreign borrowings in the Russian language – what should be feared
Philologists: in the fight against foreign borrowings in the language, it is important to prevent excesses
© Fotolia / daria rizaDictionary of the Russian language.
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SIMFEROPOL, Feb 16 – RIA Novosti Crimea, Alexey Goncharov.
The main risk of the law adopted by the State Duma on the restriction of the use of foreign words is the excesses that can be allowed in the struggle for the purity of the Russian language.
This opinion was expressed by the interviewed website RIA Novosti Crimea and radio "Sputnik in Crimea" experts.
Chancellery is no less an enemy
On Thursday, the State Duma in the second and third reading adopted amendments to the federal law "On the state language of the Russian Federation".
The law, in particular, prohibits the use of foreign words at the state level, with the exception of those that do not have common Russian-language analogues.
Deputies also approved a list of areas where Russian is mandatory for use.
These include information for consumers of goods, works and services, as well as the education sector, state and municipal information systems.
Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor of the Institute of Philology of the Crimean Federal University.
Vernadsky Vladimir Orekhov believes this law is correct and necessary, since the Russian language needs protection.
However, the main problem is how this document will work in practice.
"Indeed, there can be excesses, and on the part of officials, who in many cases are themselves a source of stupid borrowing.
It is this category that often distorts the Russian language with stationery and borrowings, inventing some new formulas.
To make a beautiful project or report, you need to call the old with new words, preferably foreign, and, passing the old for new, somehow raise your prestige.
And then it already diverges, ” the expert explained in comments to RIA Novosti Crimea.
Orekhov also does not believe that young people are the main source of borrowing in the language.
According to him, youth slang is changing so quickly that such loanwords rarely take root for a long time.
At the same time, what is recorded in official documents, already, as they say in a well-known saying, "you can not cut down with an axe."
Down with the Chancellery: Officials Were Requested to Speak Human > >
“Most of the borrowings that this law is designed to save us from are in official documents of different levels.
This also applies to the capital institutions, but to a greater extent provincial.
This is a kind of fashion – to show your knowledge using incomprehensible foreign words.
How to deal with it, I have no recipe.
On the other hand, this law in itself can change this fashion in the administrative environment.
In this case, he by the very fact of his existence will correct the situation, ” the philologist suggested.
Russia will support the creation of an organization to promote the Russian language – Putin
According to Orekhov, the mechanisms that will be able to effectively implement the norms of this law should be developed through a wide public discussion, with the involvement of school teachers, university teachers, cultural figures and all those who are involved in the development of the Russian language.
Define clear criteria
Director of the Crimean Republican Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education, Doctor of Philology, Professor Alexander Rudyakov is also sure that the law adopted by the State Duma and the protection of the Russian language in general is a good thing.
But the question arises: where is the criterion that distinguishes foreign words from non-foreign ones.
After all, in our language there are many Russian words that are originally borrowed from other languages.
"My wife is a German, we often argue with her.
She believes that the word "barrier" is a German word.
And I, a simple Russian, I am convinced that this is a Russian word.
Therefore, it is important that there are clear criteria for all this.
That's what we're talking about.
The law is excellent, but it is important how it will be applied and what criteria will be there, ” the expert said on the radio “Sputnik in Crimea ”.
Another important fact to pay special attention to is professional universal terminology, said Rudyakov.
“In many branches of knowledge, say, in the banking sector, there are words that are, in principle, international.
It is probably not very smart to isolate yourself from the terminology that is inherent in this area.
Another thing is not to drag it into our public vocabulary.
This is also very important to understand and comply with, ” explained the philologist.
"Adapt and switch to Russian": how the schools of Kherson region work > >
At the same time, the professor agreed that today in a number of areas, including administrative and media, there is an excessive use of foreign words, which can be easily and simply replaced by Russian-language analogues.
"When you hear 'communicate', 'collaboration' - the hand reaches for the gun.
Somewhere I read the information that a "Children's Collaboration House" was built in Vladivostok.
That's what's scary, you know.
These are obvious excesses, ” said the doctor of science.
Rudyakov, who is also a member of the Council on the Russian language under the President of Russia, assured that he will raise questions regarding the new law at the next meeting of the organization on March 2.
Read also on RIA Novosti Crimea:
Quoting the classics: how and why great writers quarreled
Than English-language words interfere in advertising – the opinion of senators from the Crimea
Russia will support the creation of an organization to promote the Russian language – Putin
Leave the “barn ” and“ dog ” alone: a linguist about the law on the protection of language
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The query about governments preventing borrowings in their state languages and regulating borrowings, especially from English, is a significant concern for many countries, as seen in the various sources provided.

Ukraine, for instance, has a law ensuring Ukrainian as the state language, with fines for violating the law ranging from 3,400 to 12,000 hryvnia, depending on the severity and frequency of the offense.

This law applies to officials and state authorities, as well as regulates language use on TV and social networks, requiring Ukrainian-language versions on all sites from July 16.

In Russia, the government has proposed simplifying the language of laws to avoid complex terms and borrowed words, with the Moscow City Duma bill aiming to make laws simple and understandable for citizens.

Additionally, Russia has adopted a law restricting foreign words in the language, regulating foreign and non-literary words, and strengthening control over language norms in education and media.

The law prohibits non-literary words and expressions, including obscene language, but exempts foreign words without Russian analogues.

A mandatory linguistic examination of draft acts will be introduced, and the law applies to state systems, media, advertising, and cinema.

Russia also regulates language use in official relations and correspondence, requiring the state language to be used in official documents and communications.

Normative dictionaries define acceptable language standards and exceptions, and the government commission approves the list of regulatory dictionaries and requirements.

Foreign words are allowed if no Russian analogue exists, and the Russian language is mandatory for official use with citizens and foreigners.

In Italy, the government has drafted a bill to ban English language use, imposing a 100,000 euro fine for violations, with the aim of promoting Italian language and culture.

The bill requires job applications to be in Italian, and foreign words are allowed only if impossible to translate.

The Italian government seeks to protect the local language, and the bill needs approval from both houses of parliament.

In contrast, the Kurdistan Region President protects Kurdish language and dialects, promoting linguistic diversity and celebrating International Mother Language Day annually.

The President supports language and culture protection, and the Kurdish language and dialects are developed and protected.

Russia has also been recognized by UNESCO for its language preservation efforts, with institutional infrastructure for language support in bilingual regions.

The country preserves languages through language policy and cultural methods, and UNESCO recognizes Russia's language preservation efforts as potentially exemplary.

However, not all countries have laws regulating language borrowings, as seen in the case of Belgium, Italy, and the US, where bankruptcy laws vary by country, but no laws regulating language borrowings from English were found.

In fact, a search for laws regulating language borrowings from English found no relevant information.

On the other hand, Russia bans foreign borrowings in the state language, with exceptions made for words without Russian analogues.

The law restricts foreign words at the state level, and Russian is mandatory in certain areas like education and consumer information.

Mechanisms for implementing the law will be developed through public discussion, and clear criteria are needed to distinguish foreign from non-foreign words.

Professional terminology should be exempt from the law, and excessive use of foreign words can be replaced with Russian analogues.

In conclusion, based on the provided sources, it is evident that some governments, such as Ukraine, Russia, and Italy, are actively trying to prevent borrowings in their state languages and regulate borrowings, especially from English.

These efforts include laws, regulations, and policies aimed at promoting the use of the state language and limiting the use of foreign words, particularly in official contexts.

However, the effectiveness and implementation of these measures vary, and some countries may not have laws or regulations in place to address language borrowings.

The query about governments preventing borrowings in their state languages and regulating borrowings, especially from English, is a significant concern for many countries, as seen in the various sources provided.

Title:

Content: Politics 2022-07-14T16: 11: 37 + 03: 00
Ukrainian News
The language ombudsman accuses Zelensky, Arrestovich and Kim of violating the law on language and threatens fines
The language ombudsman accuses Zelensky, Arrestovich and Kim of violating the law on language and threatens fines
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Taras Kremin.
Photo: umoloda
Commissioner for the Protection of the State Language Taras Kremin notes that President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, Advisor to the Head of the Office of the President Oleksiy Arestovich and Head of the Mykolaiv Regional State Administration and Head of the Regional Military Administration Vitaly Kim violated the law on ensuring the functioning of the Ukrainian language as the state language, according to which fines of up to 12 thousand hryvnia are provided.
This is stated in the message of the language ombudsman on the website, Ukrainian news reports.
The review of the use of state language by officials was conducted from March 1 to June 30 through a selective survey of broadcasting, official pages of central executive bodies, local self-government bodies, military administrations, on the Internet platforms Youtube, Facebook, Telegram, as well as through a search for key queries with the names of heads of bodies and their deputies on the Youtube network.
According to the report of the review, the working language of the activities of state authorities, local governments, enterprises, institutions and organizations of state and communal ownership was state.
At the same time, the service in a non-state language is recorded in the activities of some officials of local councils, heads of military administrations, heads of municipal enterprises.
Cases of the use of non-state language were both on television, and on the pages of social networks and Telegram channels.
Thus, communication in a non-state language was recorded by 8 heads of military administrations, 15 officials of local self-government bodies, 2 heads of institutions of communal ownership.
In particular, the language law was violated by Zelensky, Arestovich, Kim, Advisor to the Minister of Internal Affairs of Ukraine Anton Gerashchenko, Head of the Military Administration of Kryvyi Rih Oleksandr Vilkul, Chairman of the Luhansk Regional State Administration, Head of the Regional Military Administration Serhiy Gaidai, Mariupol Mayor Vadim Boychenko, Kharkiv Mayor of Melitopol Ivan Fedorov, Dnipro Head Boris Filatov.
For example, it is noted that the President violated the language law during a meeting with foreign guests - British businessman Richard Branson on June 29 and actor and director Sean Penn on June 28.
The Ombudsman notes that there are currently far fewer cases of using a non-state language on TV channels than in March and April this year, but some officials continue to violate the language law.
"As early as July 16, such actions may have consequences in the form of administrative penalties - warnings and fines," Kremin said.
July 16 comes into force subparagraph 1 of paragraph 7 of the section "Final and transitional provisions" of the law on language, which imposes fines.
Since then, the Commissioner will be able to fine officials of state authorities and local self-government, heads and employees of enterprises, institutions and organizations of all forms of ownership, other individuals who violate the law.
According to the results of the protocol on an administrative offense, a decision may be made to recover in the form of a warning or a fine from 3,400 to 8,500 hryvnia, if the violation is committed for the first time, or from 8,500 to 11,900 hryvnia - for a repeated violation within a year.
As reported by Ukrainian News, from July 16, all sites must enter Ukrainian-language versions.
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Ukraine, for instance, has a law ensuring Ukrainian as the state language, with fines for violating the law ranging from 3,400 to 12,000 hryvnia, depending on the severity and frequency of the offense.

This law applies to officials and state authorities, as well as regulates language use on TV and social networks, requiring Ukrainian-language versions on all sites from July 16.

In Russia, the government has proposed simplifying the language of laws to avoid complex terms and borrowed words, with the Moscow City Duma bill aiming to make laws simple and understandable for citizens.

Title:

Content: Communists are asking for clarity
The Deputy of the Moscow City Duma proposes to simplify the language of laws
The Deputy of the Moscow city Duma Elena Yanchuk (CPRF) this week will submit a bill, which proposes to simplify the language of the capital ’ s regulations.
Modern laws, in her opinion, are overloaded with complex turnovers, highly specialized terms and bureaucratic jargon.
This does not allow people whose lives are regulated by these norms to fully understand them and influence the change in their content, Ms. Yanchuk believes.
United Russia says that developments in this direction are already underway, in particular, in the field of replacing foreign analogues of Russian words.
The bill proposes to supplement Article 11 of the law “On legal acts of the city of Moscow ” with a norm on the simplification of their language: the presentation should be“ simple and understandable ”, which means that when writing they should avoid “clerisms, professional jargons, borrowed words and complex syntactic constructions ”.
In the explanatory note, Elena Yanchuk refers to the scientific monograph of 2018 of the Research Institute of Problems of the State Language of St. Petersburg University, which notes that the language of legislative acts is understood by “no more than five percent of the country ’ s residents ”.
According to the MP, the complexity of the presentation of laws “leads to misunderstanding between the government and society ”, and the correction of the situation will contribute to the“ development of civil society ” and “the implementation of fundamental constitutional principles. ”
In particular, Ms. Yanchuk notes that according to the law on legal acts, residents of the capital “are subjects of lawmaking ”, but it is“ difficult without a deep understanding ” of the laws, which makes it necessary to state them “in a simple and understandable language. ”
The Communist also recalls the experience of other countries: in particular, New Zealand, which adopted a similar law last fall, and the United States, which enshrined similar rules in 2010.
To prove the necessity of changing the language of laws, Elena Yanchuk researched several regulations of Moscow with the help of linguists.
They pointed to the accumulation of involved turnover and the frequent use of highly specialized and foreign language terms (for example, “sequestration of expenses ” and“ listing of securities ”).
Ms. Yanchuk emphasizes that her initiative does not imply the introduction of any restrictions for ordinary people and concerns only the unjustified use of foreign words.
“The bill does not set the task of inventing or selecting Russian synonyms for all words borrowed from other languages, of which there are many in our language, ” the explanatory note says.
It should be noted that on December 13, the State Duma adopted in the first reading a bill clarifying the procedure for the use of foreign words at the state level.
The document proposes to oblige officials to observe the “norms of the Russian literary language ”, comparing them and permissible foreign words with reference books to be developed by the government.
Proposals to cleanse the language of laws from unnecessary clerisms are periodically expressed, since this is dictated by the need for an unambiguous understanding of the meaning of the document, the head of the Moscow City Duma Commission on Legislation Alexander Semennikov (United Russia) told Kommersant.
There are developments in this direction, the deputy noted, citing the above-mentioned law “On the state language ” as an example.
“In addition, there is judicial and law enforcement practice of interpretation of terms and verbal blocks, — said Mr. Semennikov. — It is clear that in one day it is impossible to change, because there is a huge array of already adopted laws, set out in a certain style and lexical uniformity.
Simultaneously go from the language, conditionally, "War and Peace" to the syllable of the fairy tale about Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka is unreal. "
However, the bill has not yet been submitted to the city Duma, and to look at what is written and how it is written, “it will be interesting, ” the deputy added.
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Additionally, Russia has adopted a law restricting foreign words in the language, regulating foreign and non-literary words, and strengthening control over language norms in education and media.

Title:

Content: Partners news
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The state Duma adopted a law on the restriction of foreign words in the Russian language
The State Duma adopted in the second and third readings the law on the state language.
It regulates the use of foreign and non-literary words.
This is reported by RIA Novosti.
Russian language.
altapress.ru
According to the published document, the purpose of the bill is to increase the importance of the Russian language as the state language throughout the country.
In particular, to strengthen control over the observance of its norms by civil servants and citizens.
The law deals with education, state systems, registered media, advertising, and cinema.
First of all, the bill does not allow the use of non-literary words and expressions, including obscene language.
The exception is foreign words, which have no analogue in the Russian language.
In connection with the law, a mandatory linguistic examination of draft normative acts will be introduced to check their compliance with the norms and rules of the Russian language.
They will also make a list of dictionaries.
They will fix the norms of the modern Russian literary language.
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The law prohibits non-literary words and expressions, including obscene language, but exempts foreign words without Russian analogues.

A mandatory linguistic examination of draft acts will be introduced, and the law applies to state systems, media, advertising, and cinema.

Russia also regulates language use in official relations and correspondence, requiring the state language to be used in official documents and communications.

Title:

Content: 22 February 2023, 17: 37
The Federation Council approved the law on the prohibition of the use of foreign words at the state level
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The Federation Council approved a law implying the inadmissibility of the use of foreign words at the state level.
The exception will be those words that have no analogues in the Russian language and which at the same time are contained in normative dictionaries.
“When using the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation, the use of words and expressions that do not meet the standards of the modern Russian literary language (including obscene language) is not allowed, ” the law states.
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The norms are understood as language tools and rules for their use, reflected in normative dictionaries and reference books.
The government on the basis of proposals of the Commission will approve the list of regulatory dictionaries and requirements for them.
It is also understood that they will reflect a list of foreign words, which are acceptable due to the lack of analogues.
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The composition and procedure of the government commission will also be approved by the Cabinet.
According to the law, the state language of the Russian Federation must be used in official relations and official correspondence of all organizations, both with Russians and with foreign citizens.
In addition, the addresses of senders and recipients of telegrams, parcels, postal orders within Russia, information for consumers of goods and services, and so on should be drawn up in the state language.
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Normative dictionaries define acceptable language standards and exceptions, and the government commission approves the list of regulatory dictionaries and requirements.

Foreign words are allowed if no Russian analogue exists, and the Russian language is mandatory for official use with citizens and foreigners.

In Italy, the government has drafted a bill to ban English language use, imposing a 100,000 euro fine for violations, with the aim of promoting Italian language and culture.

Title:

Content: Italian govt drafts bill that seeks to ban English language

RomeEdited By: C KrishnasaiUpdated: Apr 01, 2023, 03:15 PM IST

Calling for the Italian language to be protected and nurtured, the draft bill claims that English “demeans and mortifies” Italians, and called on all public and private bodies to use the “language of Dante” to promote their goods and services, reports Reuters news agency. Photograph:(Reuters)

Story highlights

The bill, which has been drafted by lawmakers of the nationalist Brothers of Italy party, aims to promote Italian language and imposes a fine of up to 100,000 euros ($108,750) if found violating the rule

Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni’s party has proposed legislation that seeks to prohibit public and private bodies in the country from using foreign terms, especially English, in official communications.

The bill, which has been drafted by lawmakers of the nationalist Brothers of Italy party, aims to promote Italian language and imposes a fine of up to 100,000 euros ($108,750) if found violating the rule.

In order to become a law, the bill has to be approved by both houses of parliament. But there was no indication of when this might happen.

“It is not just a matter of fashion, as fashions pass, but Anglomania (has) repercussions for society as a whole,” said the text of the draft bill.

Calling for the Italian language to be protected and nurtured, the draft bill claims that English “demeans and mortifies” Italians, and called on all public and private bodies to use the “language of Dante” to promote their goods and services, reports Reuters news agency.

The draft also specifies that all job related applications, including names and acronyms, should be spelt out in Italian, with foreign words allowed only if they are impossible to translate.

The bill said the widespread use of English in Europe was “even more negative and paradoxical” given that Britain had quit the European Union.

The draft bill comes at a time when the incumbent far-right government takes measures to what it calls preserving the local culture.

Recently, it banned the use of laboratory-produced food to safeguard the country’s agri-food heritage.

When the Brothers of Italy party took office last October, it added the English term “Made in Italy” to the name of the industry minister, while Meloni occasionally drops foreign words into her speeches.

(With inputs from agencies)

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The bill requires job applications to be in Italian, and foreign words are allowed only if impossible to translate.

The Italian government seeks to protect the local language, and the bill needs approval from both houses of parliament.

In contrast, the Kurdistan Region President protects Kurdish language and dialects, promoting linguistic diversity and celebrating International Mother Language Day annually.

Title:

Content: February 22, 2023
Lalish Media Network
A daily electronic newspaper published under the supervision of the High Commission of the Lalish Cultural and Social Center in Duhok - Kurdistan Iraq
President of the Kurdistan Region: A tribute to the pens that serve the mother tongue and those who protect the diversity of languages and cultures in Kurdistan
President of the Kurdistan Region: A tribute to the pens that serve the mother tongue and those who protect the diversity of languages and cultures in Kurdistan
The President of the Kurdistan Region, Nechirvan Barzani, on Tuesday, February 21, to protect and develop the Kurdish language and all languages and dialects in Kurdistan.
The President of the Kurdistan Region, wrote in a tweet on his Twitter account: “On the International Mother Language Day we emphasize the protection and development of the Kurdish language and all languages and dialects in Kurdistan. ”
He added: "Greetings to the pens that serve the mother tongue and those who protect the plurality of languages and cultures in Kurdistan and work for coexistence."
Every year, 21 February, the peoples of the world, including the Kurdish people, celebrate International Mother Language Day in order to promote awareness of linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism.
The day was decided at the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in November 1999.
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The President supports language and culture protection, and the Kurdish language and dialects are developed and protected.

Russia has also been recognized by UNESCO for its language preservation efforts, with institutional infrastructure for language support in bilingual regions.

Title:

Content: All news
UNESCO said that Russia can offer the world leadership in the preservation of languages
In every bilingual and even multilingual region in Russia, an institutional infrastructure for language support has been created and is functioning, said Deputy Chairman of the Intergovernmental Council of the UNESCO Information for All Programme Yevgeny Kuzmin.
Moscow, December 16.
/ TASS /.
Russia needs to start studying the preservation of languages   of small peoples abroad, the Russian side can offer the world leadership in these issues.
This was stated on Thursday by Deputy Chairman of the Intergovernmental Council of the UNESCO program “Information for all ” Eugene Kuzmin at the forum FADN“ Language policy in the Russian Federation ”.
“We can offer the world leadership in the preservation of languages.
Russia can teach people in other countries language policy and realistic methods of preserving the languages and cultures of indigenous peoples. <... > We need to start work on studying the preservation of languages of small peoples in foreign countries and in general in interesting places, "he said.
Kuzmin noted that in Russia, as well as in the world as a whole, languages are marginalized.
“This is a global civilizational process: minority peoples are assimilated, mixed marriages, the outflow of rural population to cities and other regions, urbanization, the desire of people to get a good higher education in capitals and abroad, ” he explained.
At the same time, in every bilingual and even multilingual region in Russia, an institutional infrastructure for language support has been created and is functioning.
According to him, all institutions work well and as can prevent the marginalization of languages, contributing to their preservation and even revitalization.
"In Russia, this is happening better than in many other, if not all, multilingual countries," he added. - Although international comparative studies have not been conducted here, it can be argued that Russian language policy is one of the best, if not exemplary.
Russia can offer the world to develop criteria, parameters of language policy, criteria for its evaluation in each direction, initiate and lead such studies in order to identify the best policies and practices.
We have every opportunity in this country. ”
Kuzmin also drew attention to the UNESCO Atlas of Languages.
“It is us, not the Anglo-Saxons, who should decide at what level of danger our languages are and understand what the vitality index is, and then, judging by the atlas, we have at the same level of vulnerability the Chuvash language in Russia with 1.5 million Chuvash and the language of the Indian tribe in the United States with a population of 250 people, ” he added.
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The country preserves languages through language policy and cultural methods, and UNESCO recognizes Russia's language preservation efforts as potentially exemplary.

However, not all countries have laws regulating language borrowings, as seen in the case of Belgium, Italy, and the US, where bankruptcy laws vary by country, but no laws regulating language borrowings from English were found.

Title:

Content: The debtor and the creditor will always be in the same sled
6: 23.
We still can ’ t figure out what the market economy is eating with.
We are increasingly faced with such phenomena as the destruction of production, unemployment, dismissal.
The reverse side of the statements that told us about market prosperity, and then drove from Russia to NATO countries “economists ” is the threat to be in poverty not only for an ordinary citizen, but also for a businessman who seems to be afloat today.
But failure to comply with the rules of market mechanisms is fraught with problems, which ultimately equates the poor and the rich before God and the law.
This sign of equality is called bankruptcy.
A state where our debts begin to exceed our income at a high rate.
"Do not eat raw tomatoes on an empty stomach," said Comrade Bender.
To bankruptcy or to mandatory debt collection around the world reverent attitude.
After all, the financial fall of one person should not lead to the fall of another.
This is strictly monitored by the state.
But if the state becomes a debtor, then this is already called default, which is compared only with a loss in the war.
Russia also has its own legal framework, which considers the subject of insolvency.
Nevertheless, even the authorities themselves have been talking for thirty years about the need to "slightly clarify the norms", "it is necessary to develop and adopt", "it was not possible to solve the problem".
So our debtors can still sleep peacefully, while in the EU countries have to pay on all bills.
In Belgium, both the debtor and the creditor are protected.
In this country, the prosecutor ’ s office, for example, plays no role within the framework of the bankruptcy law.
The main task is the mutual settlement of the interests of various parties, which allows you to protect the debtor, who is under a heavy burden of debt, from the claims of its creditors (in the order of enforcement proceedings) due to the globalization of its economic situation.
At the same time, protecting the interests of creditors.
In Italy, at the request of the administrator, the sale of immovable property of the debtor is organized by a bankruptcy trustee.
To carry out the sale, the bankruptcy trustee organizes an auction.
This is a general rule that applies to immovable property.
However, the insolvency representative must prove that a direct sale on the basis of a private agreement is more advantageous in the interests of the bankruptcy proceedings.
In the United States, as soon as the bankruptcy procedure begins, there is a respite: the automatic suspension of creditor claims.
At the same time, none of the creditors existing at the time of the commencement of the bankruptcy procedure, including the tax authorities, can not recover their claims.
This is done to ensure the equality of creditors and the rehabilitation of the debtor.
Another distinctive feature of bankruptcy is that the debtor (if he remains the owner of his property) or the manager have cancellation rights, allowing them to cancel any transaction concluded within a certain period (90 days) before filing for bankruptcy.
Such a measure facilitates the return of payments or property that can be used for settlements with creditors.
In Germany, the main exchange coin is the land.
Here, the ownership of land is mainly in private and private economic ownership.
As an important economic commodity, it is of great importance as an investment of property, as well as an object of pledge, especially since the quota of equity of the German economy is less than 20%.
Thus, foreclosure of real estate also has an important economic value with a corresponding impact on the participants.
A few tips on how not to go bankrupt
It is clear that a financial problem can arise for everyone.
And not just because you're a pathological embezzler.
This is possible if your company or enterprise simply went bankrupt, inflation exceeded all conceivable limits, or your “favorite ” default occurred.
But do not panic, and put the cost of a harsh diet and quit your bad habits, without taking a step without taking into account.
If you don ’ t see options for reducing costs, it only means one thing – you didn ’ t look well.
You can save thousands of rubles a month if you use public transport instead of a car and take sandwiches from home.
If it never occurred to you before to make an estimate of your expenses and income, now it is time to do it closely.
First of all, write down your past income and expenses, outline a list for the near future.
After analyzing the bills, you can make sure that excessive spending, for example, on the May holidays or due to the fact that you constantly forget to turn off the lights in the bathroom, deprived you of one good thing or even a trip for a couple of days to a holiday home.
An interesting note: never buy food on an empty stomach.
Be sure to buy more than required.
Try to take what you have planned, or better on the list.
And remember the truth: time is money.
By spending extra time, you can earn extra money.
And don ’ t be afraid of fatigue: you get tired of thinking about debt and lack of money.
And the penultimate touch: in the United States, millions of people have already fallen into the number of bankruptcies, and the mark of bankruptcy will remain in bank documents for ten years.
The result is obvious: for many years you will be denied a loan.
Of course, we can refer to the Old Testament, which says:
“Forgiveness consists in that every lender who lends to his neighbor forgives his debt and does not collect from his neighbor or from his brother, for forgiveness is proclaimed for the sake of the Lord. ”
And if they listen to the good news, that is the question.
Author Sergey Lebedev
Sergei Valentinovich Lebedev — freelance correspondent of Pravda.Ru
Editor Elena Timoshkina
Elena Timoshkina — Editor-in-Chief of Pravda.Ru *

In fact, a search for laws regulating language borrowings from English found no relevant information.

On the other hand, Russia bans foreign borrowings in the state language, with exceptions made for words without Russian analogues.

Title:

Content: The ban on foreign borrowings in the Russian language - what should be feared - RIA Novosti Crimea, 16.02.2023
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Radio "Sputnik in Crimea"
The ban on foreign borrowings in the Russian language – what should be feared
Philologists: in the fight against foreign borrowings in the language, it is important to prevent excesses
© Fotolia / daria rizaDictionary of the Russian language.
Archive photo
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SIMFEROPOL, Feb 16 – RIA Novosti Crimea, Alexey Goncharov.
The main risk of the law adopted by the State Duma on the restriction of the use of foreign words is the excesses that can be allowed in the struggle for the purity of the Russian language.
This opinion was expressed by the interviewed website RIA Novosti Crimea and radio "Sputnik in Crimea" experts.
Chancellery is no less an enemy
On Thursday, the State Duma in the second and third reading adopted amendments to the federal law "On the state language of the Russian Federation".
The law, in particular, prohibits the use of foreign words at the state level, with the exception of those that do not have common Russian-language analogues.
Deputies also approved a list of areas where Russian is mandatory for use.
These include information for consumers of goods, works and services, as well as the education sector, state and municipal information systems.
Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor of the Institute of Philology of the Crimean Federal University.
Vernadsky Vladimir Orekhov believes this law is correct and necessary, since the Russian language needs protection.
However, the main problem is how this document will work in practice.
"Indeed, there can be excesses, and on the part of officials, who in many cases are themselves a source of stupid borrowing.
It is this category that often distorts the Russian language with stationery and borrowings, inventing some new formulas.
To make a beautiful project or report, you need to call the old with new words, preferably foreign, and, passing the old for new, somehow raise your prestige.
And then it already diverges, ” the expert explained in comments to RIA Novosti Crimea.
Orekhov also does not believe that young people are the main source of borrowing in the language.
According to him, youth slang is changing so quickly that such loanwords rarely take root for a long time.
At the same time, what is recorded in official documents, already, as they say in a well-known saying, "you can not cut down with an axe."
Down with the Chancellery: Officials Were Requested to Speak Human > >
“Most of the borrowings that this law is designed to save us from are in official documents of different levels.
This also applies to the capital institutions, but to a greater extent provincial.
This is a kind of fashion – to show your knowledge using incomprehensible foreign words.
How to deal with it, I have no recipe.
On the other hand, this law in itself can change this fashion in the administrative environment.
In this case, he by the very fact of his existence will correct the situation, ” the philologist suggested.
Russia will support the creation of an organization to promote the Russian language – Putin
According to Orekhov, the mechanisms that will be able to effectively implement the norms of this law should be developed through a wide public discussion, with the involvement of school teachers, university teachers, cultural figures and all those who are involved in the development of the Russian language.
Define clear criteria
Director of the Crimean Republican Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education, Doctor of Philology, Professor Alexander Rudyakov is also sure that the law adopted by the State Duma and the protection of the Russian language in general is a good thing.
But the question arises: where is the criterion that distinguishes foreign words from non-foreign ones.
After all, in our language there are many Russian words that are originally borrowed from other languages.
"My wife is a German, we often argue with her.
She believes that the word "barrier" is a German word.
And I, a simple Russian, I am convinced that this is a Russian word.
Therefore, it is important that there are clear criteria for all this.
That's what we're talking about.
The law is excellent, but it is important how it will be applied and what criteria will be there, ” the expert said on the radio “Sputnik in Crimea ”.
Another important fact to pay special attention to is professional universal terminology, said Rudyakov.
“In many branches of knowledge, say, in the banking sector, there are words that are, in principle, international.
It is probably not very smart to isolate yourself from the terminology that is inherent in this area.
Another thing is not to drag it into our public vocabulary.
This is also very important to understand and comply with, ” explained the philologist.
"Adapt and switch to Russian": how the schools of Kherson region work > >
At the same time, the professor agreed that today in a number of areas, including administrative and media, there is an excessive use of foreign words, which can be easily and simply replaced by Russian-language analogues.
"When you hear 'communicate', 'collaboration' - the hand reaches for the gun.
Somewhere I read the information that a "Children's Collaboration House" was built in Vladivostok.
That's what's scary, you know.
These are obvious excesses, ” said the doctor of science.
Rudyakov, who is also a member of the Council on the Russian language under the President of Russia, assured that he will raise questions regarding the new law at the next meeting of the organization on March 2.
Read also on RIA Novosti Crimea:
Quoting the classics: how and why great writers quarreled
Than English-language words interfere in advertising – the opinion of senators from the Crimea
Russia will support the creation of an organization to promote the Russian language – Putin
Leave the “barn ” and“ dog ” alone: a linguist about the law on the protection of language
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The law restricts foreign words at the state level, and Russian is mandatory in certain areas like education and consumer information.

Mechanisms for implementing the law will be developed through public discussion, and clear criteria are needed to distinguish foreign from non-foreign words.

Professional terminology should be exempt from the law, and excessive use of foreign words can be replaced with Russian analogues.

In conclusion, based on the provided sources, it is evident that some governments, such as Ukraine, Russia, and Italy, are actively trying to prevent borrowings in their state languages and regulate borrowings, especially from English.

These efforts include laws, regulations, and policies aimed at promoting the use of the state language and limiting the use of foreign words, particularly in official contexts.

However, the effectiveness and implementation of these measures vary, and some countries may not have laws or regulations in place to address language borrowings.