Biohacking is a practice that involves making lifestyle tweaks to optimize health and promote longevity, with the goal of self-optimization and improving overall well-being.

This approach to health and wellness has gained popularity in recent years, with women entering the biohacking space and introducing flexibility and sustainability to the practice.

Physical strength is considered nonnegotiable for longevity and healthspan, with muscle mass being a predictor of longevity and healthspan.

In order to promote muscle mass and brain health, some biohacking enthusiasts use creatine supplements, which can be particularly beneficial for women who have lower endogenous creatine stores compared to men.

The biohacking culture is becoming more mainstream and inclusive of women, with apps like Wild.AI and Zero helping women make lifestyle adjustments based on their menstrual cycle.

Medical-grade health wearables like the Evie Ring are also being designed specifically for women, providing them with accurate and reliable health data.

Biohacking methods can be backed by scientific data from clinical research on nutrition and physical activity, providing a solid foundation for the practice.

In terms of specific methods and techniques, biohacking involves a range of approaches, including nutrition, sleep quality, and physical activity.

Intermittent fasting is a popular biohacking method, which involves restricting calorie intake for certain periods of time.

Sleep quality is also crucial for biohacking, with 30-40% of people sleeping too little and negatively impacting their overall health.

Hydration is essential for biohacking, with adequate water intake necessary for maintaining proper bodily functions.

Physical training should be intermittent with recovery periods, allowing the body to rest and repair itself.

Cognitive stimulation, such as learning new skills, is also important for biohacking, as it helps to keep the mind active and engaged.

Biohacking aims to modify dormant functional responses, including muscular and cardiovascular function, in order to optimize overall health.

Diagnosing aging involves tests like oxidative stress measurement and plethysmography, which can help identify areas for improvement.

Cold therapy can stimulate metabolism and reduce inflammation, making it a popular biohacking method.

Some notable biohacking enthusiasts, such as Jean Fallacara, have written extensively on the topic and have a large following on social media.

Jean Fallacara is the author of "Neuroscience Calisthenics" and has over 300,000 Instagram followers as @Cyborggainz.

Melanie Avalon is a certified holistic nutritionist and wine specialist who discusses biohacking tips and techniques on her podcast.

Biohacking involves achieving the Flow State and visualization, which can help individuals optimize their mental and physical performance.

Jean Fallacara emphasizes dedication and goal-setting in biohacking, highlighting the importance of a consistent and focused approach.

In addition to these methods and techniques, biohacking also involves changing nutrition and lifestyle for better health.

This can include cutting alcohol or taking supplements, such as collagen and protein supplements, which can help promote overall health and well-being.

Cold-water therapy is a biohacking method used for mental health, as it can help reduce stress and improve mood.

Removing inflammatory foods from the diet is also a biohacking technique, as it can help reduce inflammation and improve overall health.

Saunas and supplements, such as MCT oil, are used in biohacking for their health benefits, including improved mental clarity and reduced inflammation.

Keto creamer is also used as part of a biohacking routine, providing a source of healthy fats and energy.

Biohacking can be done with small, affordable changes, making it accessible to individuals of all backgrounds and income levels.

Overall, biohacking is a practice that involves making lifestyle tweaks to optimize health and promote longevity, with a range of methods and techniques available to individuals.

While some biohacking methods may be supported by scientific data from clinical research, it is essential to approach the practice with a critical and nuanced perspective, recognizing both the potential benefits and risks.

By incorporating a range of approaches, including nutrition, physical activity, and mental health practices, individuals can optimize their overall health and well-being, and potentially prolong their life.

However, it is crucial to prioritize a balanced and moderate approach to biohacking, avoiding extreme or unproven methods that may pose risks to overall health.

Ultimately, biohacking can be a valuable tool for individuals seeking to optimize their health and well-being, but it is essential to approach the practice with caution and careful consideration.

Biohacking is a practice that involves making lifestyle tweaks to optimize health and promote longevity, with the goal of self-optimization and improving overall well-being.

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Biohacking & Toxic Masculinity: How Women Dismantled The Boys Club

Author: Medical reviewer:
Beauty & Health Editor
By Jamie Schneider
Beauty & Health Editor
Jamie Schneider is the Beauty Editor at mindbodygreen. She has a B.A. in Organizational Studies and English from the University of Michigan, and her work has appeared in Coveteur, The Chill Times, and Wyld Skincare.
Medical review by
Bindiya Gandhi, M.D.
Physician
Dr. Bindiya Gandhi is an American Board Family Medicine–certified physician who completed her family medicine training at Georgia Regents University/Medical College of Georgia.
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Take a quick search for “biohacker” on TikTok (a tag with over 137 million views), and you’ll discover a slew of men discussing their muscle gains, testosterone levels, and cold plunge routines. You’ll see some women on the page, but the space is undoubtedly dominated by male energy. And think of the outspoken biohackers you may listen to on podcasts—chances are most of them are men, too.

This gendered approach to biohacking, while pervasive, is simply misguided. But now, women are asserting their authority in health optimization, and we expect their emphasis to soar in the year ahead.

Meet the experts

Molly Maloof. M.D.

Molly Maloof. M.D. provides health optimization and personalized medicine to high-achieving entrepreneurs, investors, and technology executives. Since 2012, she has worked as an advisor or consultant to more than 50 companies in the digital health, consumer health, and biotechnology industries. Her company, Adamo Bioscience, is working on sexual health optimization.

Gabrielle Lyon, D.O.

Gabrielle Lyon, D.O. is a board-certified family physician leading a disruption in modern medicine that focuses on the largest organ in the body: skeletal muscle. With a background that includes a combined research and clinical fellowship in geriatrics and nutritional sciences at Washington University and undergraduate training in nutritional sciences at the University of Illinois, she is a subject-matter expert on protein for health, performance, aging, and disease prevention.

Stacy Salvi

Stacy Salvi is the vice president of product and strategy at the medical device company Movano Health—the creator of the Evie Ring, the first medical-grade health wearable designed for women.

Mona Vand, PharmD

Mona Vand, PharmD studied pharmacy at Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences before developing her platform that shares holistic wellness advice.

Why biohacking isn’t just for “bros”

“Women are the original biohackers,” declares family physician, Molly Maloof, M.D. “Our hormones change throughout our lives, and this requires us to adapt accordingly.” Our biology means that women often need to constantly edit their health routines and experiment with lifestyle habits as time goes on. Isn’t that the very definition of biohacking?

Let's back up: Here at mindbodygreen, we think of “biohacking” as the practice of making lifestyle tweaks to optimize health and promote longevity. Not shortcuts—contrary to popular belief—but low-lift, everyday habits that complement and enhance an existing well-being routine. Think: optimizing your exercise regimen using tools and techniques (the “biohacks”) to enhance muscle growth. It’s essentially all about advancing health with “do it yourself” biology—a topic that can pique anyone’s interest, regardless of gender.

“[Women] have a most complex physiological lifecycle that requires us to track and manage fertility, pregnancy, breastfeeding, sexuality, perimenopause, and menopause. So we should be looking at biohacking as a path to even greater health and owning the opportunity to improve our lives,” says Maloof.

Yet many women feel intimidated to enter the biohacking scene as it exists today, turned off by the male-dominated energy in the room.

Women are the original biohackers

Molly Maloof, M.D

“Biohacking has always grabbed my attention, and I want to learn, but it sometimes makes me really stressed out, because I go into this state of perfectionism where I have to do all the things,” says doctor of pharmacy and wellness practitioner Mona Vand, PharmD. “The few biohackers that I followed were all males… it just doesn't really resonate with my energy.”

This male energy is not only frustrating but can potentially harm women’s health in the long run. After all, building muscle, prioritizing protein, and keeping an eye on various health metrics are crucial for longevity—in some cases, these proactive measures can save lives. When women don’t get involved, it can totally impact their well-being.

“Physical strength is nonnegotiable,” says functional medicine doctor Gabrielle Lyon, D.O. “I've been a physician since 2006, and I've never heard someone say, ‘I regret being physically strong.’” And the muscle-building space impacts more than just physiological changes, she says. “You optimize fertility, you make healthier babies, you help the epigenetics of your child,” Lyon adds. “You age better, your skin is better, you're less likely to fall and break a hip… There's nothing that doesn't get better the stronger you are.”

So let’s be clear: Dismantling the biohacking boy’s club is not just about helping women feel included; there are real health implications at stake here.

Why the biohacker space actually really needs a dose of feminine energy

I’d be remiss not to mention how biohacking culture can easily become synonymous with hustle culture (some experts don’t even like to use the term, as it implies you can achieve optimal health with quick fixes). But as more women enter the biohacking space, we expect it to become more intuitive and less about hitting every single benchmark. From there, we predict women will focus more on sustainable changes long-term instead of a gazillion quick hacks.

“I used to think it was a flex to do a million things at the same time and habit stack,” Vand recounts. “I now carve out time for doing things that have no efficiency to them, that are strictly for joy or rest and relaxation, versus benefiting my longevity or health. It can be a little bit obsessive when you get into this thought pattern, and I just don't resonate with it.”

This doesn’t mean biohacking will become “softer” as it embraces feminine energy. But there’s an opportunity here for women to introduce some much-needed flexibility into a space that has long felt needlessly rigid.

How the biohacker game is changing — and where it’s headed next

Thanks to a growing awareness that healthcare protocols should not be gendered, more women are now starting to pay attention to markers of performance like lean muscle, hormetic stressors, VO2 max, HRV, zone 2 training, etc. “Cold plunging, saunas, and harder, more physical activities are not just for the boys anymore,” adds Lyon—and we expect an even bigger shift to come in 2024.

“I think it’s super exciting to see biohacking become more mainstream and more women joining the conversation,” adds Maloof. She praises apps like Wild.AI, for women who aim to make lifestyle adjustments based on their menstrual cycle, and Zero, for women who want to dabble in time-restricted eating, both of which have helped to herald the shift.

Other existing health optimization companies are now inviting women into the conversation by introducing specific features informed by their unique physiology. WHOOP, for example, is currently working on upgrades to their popular health-tracking band: “We did a study recently where we learned a lot about how a woman's body changes during pregnancy and how her heart rate variability (HRV) will evolve. It'll decrease, and then about seven weeks before she gives birth, it will increase sharply,” explains Will Ahmed, WHOOP founder and CEO, on the mindbodygreen podcast

If a woman didn’t know that this was supposed to happen, she might look at this stark increase with a critical (or anxious) eye. “We've been able to take population-level data on pregnant women and now have a feature in the app, where a woman can see how her body is evolving alongside what other pregnant women are experiencing,” he adds.

Similarly, creatine supplements—from the ingredients to the packaging—are no longer marketed toward dudes looking to bulk up, and we are certainly here for it. After all, muscle mass is a predictor of longevity and healthspan, so supplements that promote it can help all of us “hack” our health in a big way.

And as Lyon notes, women have lower endogenous creatine stores compared to men (meaning, they have less available). And the amino acid has been associated with significantly increased muscle mass1 in both men and women, without increasing the risk of adverse outcomes2, like weight gain. “Most of the women in my practice will go on creatine, and they find anecdotally that it really improves both anaerobic and aerobic exercise performance,” Lyon shares.

Not to mention the supplement’s brain health perks: Taking creatine has been shown to benefit both working memory and processing speed3 as well as cognitive longevity4. “It is above and beyond simply sport performance,” adds Lyon, who has certainly seen an uptick in women curious about creatine.

As women feel intimidated (or even restricted) by biohacking spaces, some experts have taken it upon themselves to create new ones that center the feminine. For example, neuropsychophysiologist Kayla Osterhoff, MPH, offers a Women's Biohacking Mini Course, consisting of lifestyle routines and tips aligned with female physiology.

Osterhoff also recently presented at the 2023 Dragonfly Live Conference—among other female biohackers—to discuss the latest advancements in women's well-being and the “health revolution” that’s sweeping the mainstream. This conference aims to gather the “who's-who” in the health space to discuss cutting-edge strategies and innovations that optimize well-being—by having women biohackers at the forefront of the conversation, we can expect them to hit the main stage in a broader sense.

Or take the brand new Evie Ring, the first medical-grade health wearable designed for women, created by medical device company Movano Health. The technology ties hormonal information to a woman’s sleep, activity, and heart health data (among other metrics).

For instance, “If we notice a more restless night of sleep in the luteal phase, we'll point it out and also give some strategies for how somebody may attack their day, despite having not gotten as good of a night of sleep,” says Stacy Salvi, vice president of product and strategy at Movano Health. Similarly, “We know that there are cardiovascular implications when your estrogen drops, so they would want to keep a better look on the function of their heart,” she adds. “This would be something that they would be able to do from our app.”

Even the design itself was made with women in mind: The ring features an open band meant to accommodate how women’s fingers change in size throughout the day, so it can stay comfortable.

To avoid needless stress, Evie also limits the amount of goals you can set on the app. “You can only set three at a time, because we do not want to overwhelm [users] with a bunch of different things,” says Salvi. “I mean, I'm an overachiever. I probably would set every single goal and then fail at them.” And heaven knows we don’t need yet another way for busy, overwhelmed women to feel like they’re failing in a society with unsurmountable standards.

Forecasting the future

A woman walks up to the weight rack in 2024. She sees the usual suspects—bros pounding protein shakes and grunting through their bicep curls—but now she also sees a fair amount of women on the scene. They’ve got creatine supplements! Fitness trackers! Kettlebells! (And no, they aren’t pink.)

Granted, we still have a ways to go before women feel totally embraced by the biohacking space (we’d first have to close the centuries-long gender gap in science and medicine), but it’s clear that the arena is becoming way less of a boy’s club. “And the world is ready, my friend,” says Lyon. “The world is absolutely ready for this.”

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This approach to health and wellness has gained popularity in recent years, with women entering the biohacking space and introducing flexibility and sustainability to the practice.

Physical strength is considered nonnegotiable for longevity and healthspan, with muscle mass being a predictor of longevity and healthspan.

In order to promote muscle mass and brain health, some biohacking enthusiasts use creatine supplements, which can be particularly beneficial for women who have lower endogenous creatine stores compared to men.

The biohacking culture is becoming more mainstream and inclusive of women, with apps like Wild.AI and Zero helping women make lifestyle adjustments based on their menstrual cycle.

Medical-grade health wearables like the Evie Ring are also being designed specifically for women, providing them with accurate and reliable health data.

Biohacking methods can be backed by scientific data from clinical research on nutrition and physical activity, providing a solid foundation for the practice.

In terms of specific methods and techniques, biohacking involves a range of approaches, including nutrition, sleep quality, and physical activity.

Title:

Content: Home » biohacking, reprogramming mind and body to live better

biohacking, reprogramming mind and body to live better

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It’s called “biohacking” and it comes from Silicon Valley. Listen: The long life diet: the longevity formula is calorie restriction …

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It’s called “biohacking” and comes from Silicon Valley.

A relatively new word that comes from the union of “biology” and “hacker” and indicates the attempt to positively influence the functioning of the organism, by hacking, ie trying to “force”, one’s genetic heritage. A strategy to live better and longer launched years ago by Californian top managers and which then spread throughout the world. How to upgrade the “operating system” of the human body? No manipulation, here we are talking about “reprogramming” and new lifestyles. “Our genetic heritage has enormous unexpressed potential that can be activated,” he explains Fabio Piccinidoctor and psychoanalyst, researcher of Food Sciences of theMarche Polytechnic University, author of the book “Biohacking Techniques: how to optimize metabolism to increase health and longevity”. “Biohacking aims to activate epigenetic modifications by awakening dormant genes to enhance the body’s resources.” While genetics studies the structure of DNA, epigenetics the way genes express themselves, i.e. how much they are turned on or off. “We’re talking about a set of strategies that aim to strengthen the body from a physical and mental point of view, first of all through nutrition, sleep quality, physical activity, cognitive stimulation”. One of the pillars of biohacking and the intermittent fasting, Piccini adds, which plans to concentrate the diet in a precise time span of the day (to be followed always under medical supervision). «But it is equally important to take care of sleep, we know very well that sleep debt accelerates aging and that 30-40 percent of people sleep too little. Just as it is essential to check thehydration. Physical training must also be intermittent, with recovery periods in place to allow the muscle layers to rebuild. And then, you have to keep learning something at any age, another pillar of biohacking: studying music or a new language, for example, to counteract cognitive degeneration”.

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THE QUALITY OF LIFE

Sandra Milo is one of the supporters of this well-being and longevity strategy. «I’m lucky, at 90 I’m in full health and I still have a great desire to enjoy life. I don’t know if it’s a matter of genetics, nor do I think there is a “magic formula” of longevity, but I have certainly always been careful to lead a healthy life. There is nothing more beautiful than reaching old age with a smile and in full autonomy », says the actress who baptized the first Biohacking Suite in Rome. “Our mission is not so much to lengthen life but to improve its quality by lowering the rate of morbidity,” explains Dr. Claudio Urbani, specialist in regenerative medicine, neuroscience and stress therapy, head of the longevity center Umb. «Biohacking aims to modify dormant functional responses from non-use, from muscular or cardiovascular function to flexibility. It is about regaining possession of the body and the mind-body axis, starting with stress management». Diagnosing your own state of “aging” involves a series of tests. «The measurement of oxidative stress which measures the quantity of free radicals and indicates any inflammatory states, plethysmography to evaluate the functionality of the microcirculation of the legs, impedancemetry to study body composition, fat and lean mass, nutritional status and hydration level. And only after the check is a tailor-made program created for each person. Among the suggested therapies, there is also that of the cold which stimulates the metabolism and reduces inflammation ».

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Intermittent fasting is a popular biohacking method, which involves restricting calorie intake for certain periods of time.

Sleep quality is also crucial for biohacking, with 30-40% of people sleeping too little and negatively impacting their overall health.

Hydration is essential for biohacking, with adequate water intake necessary for maintaining proper bodily functions.

Physical training should be intermittent with recovery periods, allowing the body to rest and repair itself.

Cognitive stimulation, such as learning new skills, is also important for biohacking, as it helps to keep the mind active and engaged.

Biohacking aims to modify dormant functional responses, including muscular and cardiovascular function, in order to optimize overall health.

Diagnosing aging involves tests like oxidative stress measurement and plethysmography, which can help identify areas for improvement.

Cold therapy can stimulate metabolism and reduce inflammation, making it a popular biohacking method.

Some notable biohacking enthusiasts, such as Jean Fallacara, have written extensively on the topic and have a large following on social media.

Title:

Content: There were 802 press releases posted in the last 24 hours and 218,846 in the last 365 days.

Jean Fallacara Guest on The Melanie Avalon Biohacking Podcast

Melanie Avalon Biohacking Podcast with Jean Fallacara

The Melanie Avalon Biohacking Podcast Episode 156 with Jean Fallacara deep dive into Neuroscience Calisthenics and Cyborggainz

Way too many people want to perform, but they don't put the right parameter and setup in place”
— Jean Fallacara
BOSTON, MA, CANADA, August 11, 2022 /EINPresswire.com/ -- Cyborgmedia LLC, is pleased to announce that our CEO Jean Fallacara was invited guest on The Melanie Avalon Biohacking Podcast Episode 156 -
The episode is airing on iTunes, iHeart Radio, Spotify, and all other podcast platforms. Join best-selling author and actress Melanie Avalon as she interviews today’s leading health and wellness experts, going beyond the fads to bring you all the biohacking tips, tricks, and techniques to effortlessly upgrade your body, brain, and life.

In this episode, Melanie and Jean took a deep dive into human performance and biohacking speaking about Neuroscience Calisthenics, achieving the Flow State, Music and the Brain
Visualization and Goal Setting, Addiction and IQ, Dopamine Pathways, Quantum Science and more.

With close than 300,000 followers on Instagram @Cyborggainz, Jean shares his knowledge of neuroplasticity, science, biohacking, and cognitive functions to explain how to incorporate functional neuroscience into sports and fitness in order to redefine workouts and enhance the performance of body and brain.

“"Way too many people want to perform, but they don't put the right parameter and setup in place.
You want to start? Put some dedication into what you're doing. That's the first thing.”
“..once you set that goal, there is no plan B. Don't think about an escape plan. If You're not convinced, you're not dedicated to it”
Jean Fallacara

- About Jean Fallacara
Biohacker, Disruptor - Master of Chaos, Risk & Figuring it out- Jean is a Serial entrepreneur, Scientist, Author, Athlete and Public Speaker.
Already ranked
-Top 10 Entrepreneurs to Follow by LA WEEKLY,
-Top 10 Motivational Influencers Canada
-Top 10 Athletes Instagram Influencers In Montreal.

Author of the Book “Neuroscience Calisthenics: Hijack your Body Clock.” Jean is also Owner of Biohacker’s Update Magazine, world’s first magazine about Biohacking and Human Optimization. www.biohackersmagazine.com
He recently accepted a position as Managing Director at inTEST Corporation [NYSE: INTT], in 2021 after his group Z-Sciences was acquired.

About Melanie Avalon
Melanie holds a certification in Holistic Nutrition from the American Fitness Professionals & Associates (AFPA), and is certified as a Wine Specialist by the internationally renowned Wine And Spirits Education Trust (WSET), achieving a perfect score for Level II. Melanie studied in the literary-based “Thematic Option” honors program at the University of Southern California. While at USC, Melanie presented in the annual Thematic Option Research Conference, received the Louise Kerckhoff scholarship for her paper “Charcot's Oppressive Hysteria: Vindicated Today?,” and contributed her “Diary of A Crazy Woman” editorial series to the Delta Kappa Alpha film fraternity’s newsletter. She later Melanie published the #1 Amazon best seller, The What When Wine Diet: Paleo and Intermittent Fasting for Health and Weight Loss.

About Cyborgmedia LLC.
From Scientific & Business Consulting, to Articles Interviews Press TV Podcasts, TedX talks, Events & More.. Unlock full potential of Human, Environment, and organization.
Career development , learning, empowering natural talents and strengths where ever they are.

We Create The Future and Optimize Your Life and Business.

CyborgMedia LLC Manages, controls & operates:

-CYBORGGAINZ Pushing human performance forward, Running all sorts of experiments in order to optimize bodies, to achieve peak performance, and upgrade physical + mental performance. -

-BIOHACKERS MAGAZINE The first magazine about Biohacking and Self Optimization, Biohacker’s Update is entirely committed to sharing all the essential hacks, updates and trends from the Biohacking World with the community at large.

-NO PLAN-B PODCAST Hosted by Jean Fallacara, discussing human optimization and the future of Biohacking with the industry experts. Jean Fallacara, Serial Entrepreneur Master of Chaos, Risk & Figuring

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Melanie Avalon Biohacking Podcast with Jean Fallacara

Jean Fallacara is the author of "Neuroscience Calisthenics" and has over 300,000 Instagram followers as @Cyborggainz.

Melanie Avalon is a certified holistic nutritionist and wine specialist who discusses biohacking tips and techniques on her podcast.

Biohacking involves achieving the Flow State and visualization, which can help individuals optimize their mental and physical performance.

Jean Fallacara emphasizes dedication and goal-setting in biohacking, highlighting the importance of a consistent and focused approach.

In addition to these methods and techniques, biohacking also involves changing nutrition and lifestyle for better health.

Title:

Content: TV legend Davinia Taylor has revealed how well she is feeling after undertaking a new lifestyle that involves biohacking.

Biohacking occurs when someone changes their nutrition and lifestyle in order to make themselves healthier. Each person who biohacks does so in a different way whether it’s cutting out alcohol, taking supplements, or engaging in anti-ageing procedures.

Davinia – who starred in Hollyoaks – has explained that her biohacking involves cold-water therapy and removing inflammatory foods from her diet.

As a result of her new lifestyle, which also includes the use of saunas and supplements, Davinia has said that she now feels healthier than she ever has before.

Speaking to Hello! Davinia said that she entered a difficult period of poor mental health after the death of her mother when she was 35.

She added: “Boredom drove me to drink and then to eat unhealthily. I don’t want to go into my 50s feeling bored, so I had to find another way to get the dopamine I crave.”

On the techniques she uses for her biohacking, Davinia reveals that one of her routine acts is taking supplements from a company she founded. Known as WillPowders which contain collagen, protein, bone broth, and MCT (a healthy form of saturated fat) they have become an essential part of her routine.

Davinia explained: “If I don’t have my morning keto creamer and collagen, I’m going to end up binging on croissants or brownies. It’s how I’m wired after my 1980s upbringing.”

This isn’t the first time Davinia has spoken about biohacking. Earlier this year she told the Evening Standard that it wasn’t a case of taking big measures to improve one’s health.

She said: “There's so much doom and gloom… There's so much doom and gloom…There are so many little hacks you can do just to make yourself feel mentally better.”

Davinia highlighted the benefits of cold-water therapy, a method she said can be cheap to access: “The water’s freezing in this country two-thirds of the time. And on the few months a year when it’s not, just go to the supermarket, buy some ice bags and empty them into the bath.”

This can include cutting alcohol or taking supplements, such as collagen and protein supplements, which can help promote overall health and well-being.

According to the studies, how does intermittent fasting help?

Cold-water therapy is a biohacking method used for mental health, as it can help reduce stress and improve mood.

What are the health benefits of the practice of bathing in cold water?

It may reduce depression.
It may improve brain function.

Removing inflammatory foods from the diet is also a biohacking technique, as it can help reduce inflammation and improve overall health.

Saunas and supplements, such as MCT oil, are used in biohacking for their health benefits, including improved mental clarity and reduced inflammation.

Keto creamer is also used as part of a biohacking routine, providing a source of healthy fats and energy.

Biohacking can be done with small, affordable changes, making it accessible to individuals of all backgrounds and income levels.

Overall, biohacking is a practice that involves making lifestyle tweaks to optimize health and promote longevity, with a range of methods and techniques available to individuals.

While some biohacking methods may be supported by scientific data from clinical research, it is essential to approach the practice with a critical and nuanced perspective, recognizing both the potential benefits and risks.

By incorporating a range of approaches, including nutrition, physical activity, and mental health practices, individuals can optimize their overall health and well-being, and potentially prolong their life.

However, it is crucial to prioritize a balanced and moderate approach to biohacking, avoiding extreme or unproven methods that may pose risks to overall health.

Ultimately, biohacking can be a valuable tool for individuals seeking to optimize their health and well-being, but it is essential to approach the practice with caution and careful consideration.


The controversy surrounding Turkish President Erdogan's reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque in 2020 is a complex issue with significant historical and cultural implications.

The decision has been criticized by various countries and institutions, including Greece, the US, and Orthodox Christian institutions, who view it as an "ill-advised decision".

The Greek Orthodox Church has also decried the conversion, highlighting the importance of preserving the site's cultural and historical significance.

Erdogan's move has been seen as a political move to appeal to religio-nationalism, with some observers criticizing the Turkish Directorate of Religion's caretaking of the site.

The conversion has also been criticized for erasing multiculturalism and strengthening conservative support.

The site's designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site has also been a point of contention, with Turkey responding to UNESCO criticism as biased and political.

Despite the controversy, Turkey has introduced an entrance fee of $28 for tourists to visit the site, and has installed security cameras and emergency systems.

Conservation work has also been done on the site's marble and wooden railings, and headset guides are available in 23 languages for tourists.

However, the site's historical significance as both a Byzantine cathedral and an Ottoman mosque has been compromised by the conversion, with artwork of human figures being covered due to Islamic prohibitions.

The decision has also been criticized by Christian leaders and minority communities, who view it as a threat to their cultural and religious heritage.

The controversy surrounding Turkish President Erdogan's reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque in 2020 is a complex issue with significant historical and cultural implications.

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Content: [ditty_news_ticker id="27897"] Video Shows Fragments Falling from the Dome of Hagia Sophia - Orthodox Christian Laity

Video Shows Fragments Falling from the Dome of Hagia Sophia

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Source: Greek Reporter

A still from a recently released video shows visitors rushing to take cover as fragments fall from the dome of Hagia Sophia. Credit: Daily Motion/BirGün

A video from 2022 that came to light recently shows fragments falling on visitors from the dome of Hagia Sophia, the former epicenter of Christian worship at Constantinople, today’s Istanbul.

The footage released by the Turkish newspaper, BirGün, raises serious questions over the safety of the former Orthodox Christian cathedral, now a mosque.

BirGün notably quoted officials as saying that “pieces are falling from the roof, due to the humidity created by the crowd, but no precautions are being taken”.

The president of the Turkish Art History Association, Serif Yasar, argued for restoration of the monument as soon as possible, suggesting that “If Hagia Sophia is not restored, it will collapse with the first earthquake.”

The monument was restored as a mosque three years ago after serving as a museum from 1935-2020 and has since received 21 million visitors, according to Turkey’s tourism and culture minister.

Yasar added that when the church was a museum, the scientific council overseeing it urged that groups of no more than 25 people should be allowed to enter the building at any one time.

This enormous lift in visitation has likely brought to the forefront the need for repairs and it was indeed reported in September that the Turkish government had decided to start long-term maintenance of Hagia Sophia.

Turkey to implement visitor management policy at Hagia Sophia

In early October Turkish historian Ilber Ortayli expressed fears that the large number of visitors to Hagia Sophia could lead to a catastrophic structural failure if not addressed immediately.

Writing in the Hürriyet daily, Ortayli said that the monument, which attracts three million pilgrims annually apart from tourists, has undergone significant damage since its conversion into a mosque.

He asserted that even a modest number of 20-30 thousand people annually, including scientists, historians, archaeologists, representatives of the Muslim religion, politicians, and public officials, could be considered excessive for the endurance of the monument.

In June 2022 a number of tiles of the ancient marble floors in Hagia Sophia were damaged by heavy machines used to clean the site.

In April 2022, The Turkish Association of Art Historians stated that the historic Imperial Gate in Hagia Sophia had been badly damaged.

The group posted a picture clearly depicting the damage to the oak wood of the 15-century-old gate.

Turkey unveiled plans in late October for a visitor management policy at Hagia Sophia, including charging foreign tourists with an entrance fee to be implemented starting Jan. 15.

Minister of Culture and Tourism Mehmet Nuri Ersoy said that extensive restoration work is underway in various sections of Hagia Sophia, now a mosque, with plans to progress to other parts upon their completion.

He emphasized that, based on UNESCO’s recommendations, a visitor management plan would be enforced to enhance the quality and safety of visits while preserving the historical significance of the site.

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Officials argue for repairs to Hagia Sophia after footage shows fragments falling from the dome – Neos Kosmos

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The decision has been criticized by various countries and institutions, including Greece, the US, and Orthodox Christian institutions, who view it as an "ill-advised decision".

Title:

Content: After Hagia Sophia, Turkey converts a second ancient Byzantine church into a mosque

Hundreds of worshippers filled the narrow streets of Istanbul's Fatih district on Friday to hear the sounds of Friday prayers ringing out from the newly inaugurated Kariye Mosque.

Once known as the Chora Church, the site spent the last 79 years as a museum. But it is now the latest structure to be converted back into a mosque by the government of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, following the conversion of Hagia Sophia in 2020. While viewed as a triumph by many Turkish Muslims, the Greek Orthodox Church has decried it as an "ill-advised decision" that "makes a mockery of the Turkish government's commitment to religious tolerance and religious freedom."

Chora's conversion was announced shortly after Hagia Sophia's, but its opening for prayer was delayed by years of restoration work.

The showing for the first Friday prayers at Kariye was relatively quiet compared to Hagia Sophia, which drew hundreds of thousands who filled the streets with prayer rugs for blocks and blocks away from the building. By contrast, the crowd on Friday was relatively average for a mosque in one of Istanbul's more religiously conservative neighborhoods, where Friday worshippers frequently spill out onto the streets.

Both the Chora Church and Hagia Sophia are 4th-century Byzantine constructions. They spent nearly a millennium as Christian holy sites before being converted to mosques by the Ottomans after their conquest of Constantinople in the 15th century. Despite their conversions, they remained revered by Orthodox Christians. After the founding of a secular Turkish Republic in the early 20th century, the decision was made for both to be neither mosque nor church but simply museums.

"Both Hagia Sophia and Chora embodied Byzantine and Ottoman pasts, and they became symbols of co-existence and multi-faith living practices. Their conversion fundamentally implies a hierarchy, prioritizing the Islamic past over all other layers, Greek Orthodox, Armenian, Jewish, Syriac, et al," Dr. Özgür Kaymak, a lecturer and researcher on minority rights at Istanbul's MEF University, told Religion News Service in an email.

Rededicating the sites as mosques is more than just a status change. According to Islamic tradition, artwork of human figures are forbidden in places of prayer, while in Orthodox Churches, icons of Christ, saints and other biblical figures are a defining feature.

In Hagia Sophia, the mosaics of Jesus and Mary have been covered with curtains since the conversion. While Erdoğan promised Hagia Sophia would remain fully accessible and free to all visitors, Turkey reneged on that earlier this year, reimposing an entrance fee on tourists and relegating them to the upper level, while the main floor is exclusive to Muslim worshippers.

Observers have also criticized the Turkish Directorate of Religion's caretaking of the site, noting damage that did not exist when it was under the purview of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.

Though Chora is significantly smaller than Hagia Sophia, it is home to some of the best-preserved examples of late-Byzantine art, including mosaics, icons and frescoes, and is considered a UNESCO World Heritage site.

"For us it's a very important place because it remembers our culture and our traditions here," Father Evangelos Markantonis, an Orthodox priest who was leading a group of theology students to Chora on Friday, told Religion News Service.

"Though we cannot venerate as Orthodox Christians, we have to try to find things we can be united on. Only with dialogue and good deeds can we continue our lives," Markantonis, who is also a professor at the University of Athens, said when asked about the controversy.

Erdoğan had long refused calls from his right to convert churches like Hagia Sophia and Chora, telling supporters in 2018 to fill the nearby Sultan Ahmet Mosque (also known in English as the Blue Mosque) before they talked about needing to pray in Hagia Sophia.

Nonetheless, he made an about-turn in 2020.

"My dear nation, the conquest of Istanbul and the conversion of the Hagia Sophia into a Mosque are among the most glorious chapters in Turkish history," Erdoğan said at the time in a speech inaugurating the Hagia Sophia as a mosque.

"This is the most honorable day that Islam has been looking forward to, Greek Constantinople has become Turkish Istanbul," he added, quoting the Turkish poet Nazim Hikmet.

"The resurrection of Hagia Sophia heralds the liberation of the al-Aqsa Mosque. The resurrection of Hagia Sophia is the footsteps of the will of Muslims across the world to come out of the interregnum," Erdoğan said in his concluding remarks.

Chora's opening as the Kariye Mosque comes just weeks after Erdoğan's Justice and Development Party (AKP) suffered its largest electoral defeat in two decades during Turkey's nationwide municipal elections.

"The recent conversion of Chora into a mosque may be due to Erdoğan's many problems, including his geopolitical power politics, his appeal to religio-nationalism to revive his electoral popularity after the March elections or his tactic to divert attention from Turkey's economic downturn," Kaymak said.

Many analysts have attributed the loss to AKP bleeding votes to the more Islamist-leaning New Welfare Party, which has pressured Erdogan over his response to the Israel-Hamas war and humanitarian situation in the Gaza Strip.

Muslim worshippers at the mosque on Friday said they viewed its rededication as an Islamic site to be a national win for Turkey.

"This mosque is one of the symbols of the Conquest. We are proud and happy. There are very beautiful frescoes inside. They were also nicely renovated before they were closed. May it be good for our country and our nation," a bystander, Ahmet Öteyüzoğlu, told Turkish media.

"Thank God for these days. Not everyone has the opportunity in their lifetime," another bystander named Mehmet Çelik told the Turkish news service Anadolu Agency, in reference to having been able to pray at both the rededicated Hagia Sophia and Kariye Mosques.

However, Greece, the U.S. State Department and Orthodox Christian institutions worldwide have all criticized the decision to revert the structure into a mosque.

"I want to publicly express my intense dissatisfaction, interpreting the feelings of all Greek women and men, for the completely unnecessary conversion of a historic Byzantine temple, the Monastery of Chora, into a mosque. It is, I believe, an action that offends the rich history of Istanbul itself as a crossroads of cultures," Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis said shortly before leaving for Turkey for a planned meeting with Erdogan.

"We encourage the Turkish government to preserve and ensure access to sites and buildings that have hosted different religious communities in a way that respects their diverse histories," a State Department spokesperson said in response to questions from Greek media.

"The Turkish government's appropriation of both as the property of one faith group not only constitutes yet another sign of that government's contempt for Turkey's rich Orthodox Christian heritage but further imperils the religious freedom of the Ecumenical Patriarchate and the remaining Christians of that land," the Archons of the Ecumenical Patriarchate said in a statement.

© Religion News Service

How did Muslims and Orthodox Christians react to the reconversion?

Who was angered by the reconversion of Hagia Sophia in July 2020?

The Greek Orthodox Church has also decried the conversion, highlighting the importance of preserving the site's cultural and historical significance.

How did Muslims and Orthodox Christians react to the reconversion?

Who was angered by the reconversion of Hagia Sophia in July 2020?

Erdogan's move has been seen as a political move to appeal to religio-nationalism, with some observers criticizing the Turkish Directorate of Religion's caretaking of the site.

What political motivations influenced Erdogan's decision to reconvert Hagia Sophia?

Erdogan's decision was influenced by Turkey's Islamic resurgence.

The decision aimed to rally anti-Kemalist voters.

The conversion has also been criticized for erasing multiculturalism and strengthening conservative support.

Title:

Content: >
December 9, 2021

Christian leaders look forward to Turkey's new law on religious foundations

This is an issue of vital importance for local Christian communities whose places of worship are entrusted to and managed by their governing bodies

Religious minorities in Turkey are looking forward to the increasingly Islamo-nationalist government making good its promise of outreach to non-Muslims by giving them freedom to establish and run their religious and social institutions.

The Turkish government is preparing to issue a new regulation on the administrative management of foundations linked to non-Muslim faith communities, which have been paralyzed for years by a legislative impasse that blocks the renewal of their governing bodies.

This is an issue of vital importance for local Christian communities such as Armenians and Assyrians, whose places of worship – many of them historic --, other real estate and public institutions are entrusted to and managed by foundations.

Burhan Ersoy, head of the state-run Directorate of the Foundations, has confirmed that the plan for the drafting of a new regulation concerning the elections for the assignment of offices within the foundations has come into being, Fides reported.

The draft of the text has been drawn up, taking into account requests and proposals from the various minority communities, and it is expected that the new rules, after obtaining government approval, would be implemented by April 2022.

The previous electoral regulation for the top management of foundations had been suspended in 2013, after the government chose to establish new procedures to make the management of real estate more functional and transparent.

This led to some confusion with representatives of the various minority communities unable to come to a consensus to either accept or reject the new electoral rules, Ersoy said.

The Syrian Orthodox Christian Süleyman Can Ustabaşı, current representative of the non-Muslim Foundations within the Assembly of Foundations, has said that the structure of foundations and their membership profiles had changed over time.

The Turkish government already had consultations with the representatives of religious minorities to resolve the dispute over board elections for their foundations.

But Ustabaşı now urges Turkish authorities to carry out another consultation with representatives of minority communities before the new text is to be implemented in 2022.

The legal status of the Foundations is still based on the Peace Treaty of Lausanne, signed in 1923 by Turkey and the Entente powers (British Empire, France and Russian Empire) victorious from the First World War.

The treaty guaranteed equality before the laws and the freedom to promote and manage "religious and social institutions" for non-Muslim communities in Turkey.

However, the state had seized properties run by these foundations and had to contend with litigation as these foundations claimed the rights guaranteed by the Treaty of Lausanne.

Also, starting from 1936, legislative provisions had allowed foundations of non-Muslim communities to acquire new properties. But in 1974, this guarantee was canceled and the state begun seizing assets acquired by these foundations.

Between 2013 and 2018 about 1,084 properties were returned to the foundations linked to non-Muslim communities, and 20 places of worship restored and given back to the foundations, according to official data.

Greek Orthodox Laki Vingas, in a speech published by the Armenian-Turkish newspaper Agos, said that the legislative deadlock on the question of the regulation of the foundations has had a negative effect on the life of the different ecclesial communities.

The block in the processes of renewal of the governing bodies of foundations had led to the expulsion of young people from the institutions linked to their communities, and also that many voluntary activities were "unfortunately interrupted".

Non-Muslim places of worship

Within the general Assembly of the Turkish Foundations are some 167 minority foundations. The Turkish Greek community has 77, the highest number of foundations. The Armenian community has 54 and the Jewish community has 19 foundations.

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan after a cabinet meeting held on October 25 announced that authorities had put on the agenda the question of the elections of the directorates of the foundations linked to religious minorities.

He also spoke of fundamental tools for the management of assets and resources destined for non-Muslim places of worship.

The issue of the foundations come at a time when Turkish authorities have expelled more and more Protestant Christians -- foreigners and Turkish converts-- on grounds they constitute a "threat to national security".

Turkey had also recently transformed museums into mosques, such as the Hagia Sophia and the Church of the Holy Saviour in Chora.

Both churches had been turned into museums after the end of the Ottoman Empire and the establishment of modern Turkey.

The Church of the Holy Saviour in Chora was built by the Byzantines in the 5th century. The Ottomans then turned it into a mosque after they captured Constantinople in 1453. And it remained a Muslim worship space until the end of the Second World War when it was transformed into a museum.

The same happened to the Hagia Sophia Museum in Iznik, and the high-profile reconversion of the Hagia Sophia Museum, Istanbul's most identifiable monument.

Many observers believe that President Erdogan, weakened internally by a bad economy and a lack of political perspective, is compensating with erasing part of the country's multiculturalism, aimed at shoring up the ranks of his Islamo-nationalist base.

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The site's designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site has also been a point of contention, with Turkey responding to UNESCO criticism as biased and political.

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Content: Turkey’s iconic Hagia Sophia mosque to charge $28 entry fee for tourists

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Turkey’s Hagia Sophia mosque began charging tourists nearly $28 on Monday for entrance to the landmark site.

The UNESCO World Heritage site, renowned for its blue-tiled interior, will no longer allow free admission to foreigners, the Turkish tourism ministry announced.

For the latest headlines, follow our Google News channel online or via the app.

The former museum-turned mosque has a new entrance in front of the Topkapi Palace Museum open for tourists.

Tunnel entrance at Turkey's Hagia Sophia. (File photo)

The Hagia Sophia was a museum space from 1934 until 2020 when Turkey decided to change it to a mosque. Various historical reports say the mosque with byzantine architecture was an Orthodox cathedral decades ago.

“With the new application that will start on January 15 at the Hagia Sophia Mosque, tourists will be able to visit the mosque without disturbing the prayer environment,” the ministry said in a statement.

The entrance to the mosque will be “provided in a controlled manner through the tunnel and entrance ramp where visitors will be transported to the gallery floor and exited via the ramp in the northeast direction,” the statement said.

“Tourists who come to the gallery section will be able to see the sanctuary floor of the mosque and the Ottoman Period annexes, pass through the heaven-hell gate, and examine the Byzantine Period mosaics in this section,” it added.

Security cameras, fire detection and emergency announcement systems were reportedly installed in the mosque along the tour route. Cleaning and conservation work on the marble coverings and wooden railings on the gallery floor of the mosque was also carried out by restorers and conservators.

Visitors will also have access to a headset guide with QR codes where information on the sight is available in 23 languages.

People visit the Hagia Sophia, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, in Istanbul, Turkey, July 10, 2020. (Reuters)

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Turkey says UNESCO criticism of Hagia Sophia conversion ‘biased and political’

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Despite the controversy, Turkey has introduced an entrance fee of $28 for tourists to visit the site, and has installed security cameras and emergency systems.

Conservation work has also been done on the site's marble and wooden railings, and headset guides are available in 23 languages for tourists.

However, the site's historical significance as both a Byzantine cathedral and an Ottoman mosque has been compromised by the conversion, with artwork of human figures being covered due to Islamic prohibitions.

How did the role of Hagia Sophia change following the Ottoman conquest?

Sultan Mehmed II converted Hagia Sophia into a mosque,

Hagia Sophia became a central Islamic religious site for centuries

The decision has also been criticized by Christian leaders and minority communities, who view it as a threat to their cultural and religious heritage.

Who was angered by the reconversion of Hagia Sophia in July 2020?


The controversy surrounding Turkish President Erdogan's reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque in 2020 is a complex issue that has sparked intense debate and criticism from various quarters.

The Hagia Sophia, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, has a rich history as both a Byzantine cathedral and an Ottoman mosque, making its reconversion a highly sensitive topic.

According to sources, the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque was criticized for its religious undertones, with many observers viewing it as a move to erase multiculturalism.

The decision was also seen as a political move by Erdogan, aimed at shoring up his Islamo-nationalist base and strengthening conservative support.

The Greek Orthodox Church decried the conversion of the Chora Church into a mosque, which followed the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia, as ill-advised.

Greece also criticized Turkey's decision to convert the Hagia Sophia into a mosque, viewing it as a personal insult.

The US State Department and other countries also criticized the conversion of the Chora Church into a mosque, which is a UNESCO World Heritage site with well-preserved Byzantine art.

The reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque has also raised concerns about the preservation of its Byzantine mosaics, which are an integral part of its cultural and historical significance.

In an effort to address these concerns, Turkey has installed security cameras and systems at the Hagia Sophia, and offers a headset guide in 23 languages.

However, observers have criticized the Turkish Directorate of Religion's caretaking of the Hagia Sophia, citing concerns about the damage to the historic Imperial Gate in 2022.

Despite these concerns, the Hagia Sophia has attracted a large number of visitors since its reconversion, with 21 million visitors recorded.

The Turkish government has introduced an entrance fee for foreign tourists, which is currently set at $28.

The government has also announced plans for long-term maintenance and a visitor management policy to ensure the preservation of the Hagia Sophia.

Extensive restoration work is underway, and Turkey has committed to following UNESCO recommendations.

The controversy surrounding the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque is a complex issue that requires careful consideration of its cultural, historical, and religious significance.

In conclusion, the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque is a highly contested issue that has sparked intense debate and criticism from various quarters, with concerns raised about its religious undertones, political motivations, and impact on its cultural and historical significance.

The Turkish government's decision to convert the Hagia Sophia into a mosque has been criticized by many observers, including the Greek Orthodox Church, the US State Department, and other countries.

However, the Turkish government has taken steps to address concerns about the preservation of the Hagia Sophia, including the installation of security cameras and systems, and the introduction of a headset guide in 23 languages.

Ultimately, the controversy surrounding the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque highlights the need for careful consideration of its cultural, historical, and religious significance, and the importance of preserving this iconic landmark for future generations.

It is worth noting that the Chora Church, which was converted into a mosque in the 16th century, was officially reopened as a mosque by Erdogan in 2020.

The conversion of the Chora Church into a mosque was also criticized by Greece, which urged Turkey to protect Byzantine monuments.

In addition to the Chora Church, the Hagia Sophia Museum in Iznik was also reconverted into a mosque, as part of Erdogan's efforts to promote Islamo-nationalism.

The reconversion of these historic landmarks into mosques has been seen as a move to strengthen conservative support and shore up Erdogan's Islamo-nationalist base.

However, this move has been criticized by many observers, who view it as a threat to the cultural and historical significance of these iconic landmarks.

In the case of the Hagia Sophia, the reconversion into a mosque has resulted in the covering of its Byzantine mosaics, including those of Jesus and Mary, with curtains.

This move has been criticized by many observers, who view it as a threat to the cultural and historical significance of the Hagia Sophia.

The Turkish government's decision to reimpose an entrance fee on tourists at the Hagia Sophia has also been criticized, with many observers viewing it as a move to restrict access to this iconic landmark.

Despite these concerns, the Hagia Sophia remains a popular tourist destination, with many visitors drawn to its rich history and cultural significance.

In fact, the Hagia Sophia has attracted a large number of visitors since its reconversion, with 21 million visitors recorded.

The Turkish government's efforts to promote the Hagia Sophia as a tourist destination have been successful, with many visitors drawn to its rich history and cultural significance.

However, the controversy surrounding the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque remains a highly contested issue, with many observers criticizing the Turkish government's decision.

In conclusion, the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque is a complex issue that requires careful consideration of its cultural, historical, and religious significance.

The Turkish government's decision to convert the Hagia Sophia into a mosque has been criticized by many observers, including the Greek Orthodox Church, the US State Department, and other countries.

However, the Turkish government has taken steps to address concerns about the preservation of the Hagia Sophia, including the installation of security cameras and systems, and the introduction of a headset guide in 23 languages.

Ultimately, the controversy surrounding the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque highlights the need for careful consideration of its cultural, historical, and religious significance, and the importance of preserving this iconic landmark for future generations.

The controversy surrounding Turkish President Erdogan's reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque in 2020 is a complex issue that has sparked intense debate and criticism from various quarters.

The Hagia Sophia, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, has a rich history as both a Byzantine cathedral and an Ottoman mosque, making its reconversion a highly sensitive topic.

Title:

Content: After Hagia Sophia, Turkey converts a second ancient Byzantine church into a mosque

Hundreds of worshippers filled the narrow streets of Istanbul's Fatih district on Friday to hear the sounds of Friday prayers ringing out from the newly inaugurated Kariye Mosque.

Once known as the Chora Church, the site spent the last 79 years as a museum. But it is now the latest structure to be converted back into a mosque by the government of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, following the conversion of Hagia Sophia in 2020. While viewed as a triumph by many Turkish Muslims, the Greek Orthodox Church has decried it as an "ill-advised decision" that "makes a mockery of the Turkish government's commitment to religious tolerance and religious freedom."

Chora's conversion was announced shortly after Hagia Sophia's, but its opening for prayer was delayed by years of restoration work.

The showing for the first Friday prayers at Kariye was relatively quiet compared to Hagia Sophia, which drew hundreds of thousands who filled the streets with prayer rugs for blocks and blocks away from the building. By contrast, the crowd on Friday was relatively average for a mosque in one of Istanbul's more religiously conservative neighborhoods, where Friday worshippers frequently spill out onto the streets.

Both the Chora Church and Hagia Sophia are 4th-century Byzantine constructions. They spent nearly a millennium as Christian holy sites before being converted to mosques by the Ottomans after their conquest of Constantinople in the 15th century. Despite their conversions, they remained revered by Orthodox Christians. After the founding of a secular Turkish Republic in the early 20th century, the decision was made for both to be neither mosque nor church but simply museums.

"Both Hagia Sophia and Chora embodied Byzantine and Ottoman pasts, and they became symbols of co-existence and multi-faith living practices. Their conversion fundamentally implies a hierarchy, prioritizing the Islamic past over all other layers, Greek Orthodox, Armenian, Jewish, Syriac, et al," Dr. Özgür Kaymak, a lecturer and researcher on minority rights at Istanbul's MEF University, told Religion News Service in an email.

Rededicating the sites as mosques is more than just a status change. According to Islamic tradition, artwork of human figures are forbidden in places of prayer, while in Orthodox Churches, icons of Christ, saints and other biblical figures are a defining feature.

In Hagia Sophia, the mosaics of Jesus and Mary have been covered with curtains since the conversion. While Erdoğan promised Hagia Sophia would remain fully accessible and free to all visitors, Turkey reneged on that earlier this year, reimposing an entrance fee on tourists and relegating them to the upper level, while the main floor is exclusive to Muslim worshippers.

Observers have also criticized the Turkish Directorate of Religion's caretaking of the site, noting damage that did not exist when it was under the purview of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.

Though Chora is significantly smaller than Hagia Sophia, it is home to some of the best-preserved examples of late-Byzantine art, including mosaics, icons and frescoes, and is considered a UNESCO World Heritage site.

"For us it's a very important place because it remembers our culture and our traditions here," Father Evangelos Markantonis, an Orthodox priest who was leading a group of theology students to Chora on Friday, told Religion News Service.

"Though we cannot venerate as Orthodox Christians, we have to try to find things we can be united on. Only with dialogue and good deeds can we continue our lives," Markantonis, who is also a professor at the University of Athens, said when asked about the controversy.

Erdoğan had long refused calls from his right to convert churches like Hagia Sophia and Chora, telling supporters in 2018 to fill the nearby Sultan Ahmet Mosque (also known in English as the Blue Mosque) before they talked about needing to pray in Hagia Sophia.

Nonetheless, he made an about-turn in 2020.

"My dear nation, the conquest of Istanbul and the conversion of the Hagia Sophia into a Mosque are among the most glorious chapters in Turkish history," Erdoğan said at the time in a speech inaugurating the Hagia Sophia as a mosque.

"This is the most honorable day that Islam has been looking forward to, Greek Constantinople has become Turkish Istanbul," he added, quoting the Turkish poet Nazim Hikmet.

"The resurrection of Hagia Sophia heralds the liberation of the al-Aqsa Mosque. The resurrection of Hagia Sophia is the footsteps of the will of Muslims across the world to come out of the interregnum," Erdoğan said in his concluding remarks.

Chora's opening as the Kariye Mosque comes just weeks after Erdoğan's Justice and Development Party (AKP) suffered its largest electoral defeat in two decades during Turkey's nationwide municipal elections.

"The recent conversion of Chora into a mosque may be due to Erdoğan's many problems, including his geopolitical power politics, his appeal to religio-nationalism to revive his electoral popularity after the March elections or his tactic to divert attention from Turkey's economic downturn," Kaymak said.

Many analysts have attributed the loss to AKP bleeding votes to the more Islamist-leaning New Welfare Party, which has pressured Erdogan over his response to the Israel-Hamas war and humanitarian situation in the Gaza Strip.

Muslim worshippers at the mosque on Friday said they viewed its rededication as an Islamic site to be a national win for Turkey.

"This mosque is one of the symbols of the Conquest. We are proud and happy. There are very beautiful frescoes inside. They were also nicely renovated before they were closed. May it be good for our country and our nation," a bystander, Ahmet Öteyüzoğlu, told Turkish media.

"Thank God for these days. Not everyone has the opportunity in their lifetime," another bystander named Mehmet Çelik told the Turkish news service Anadolu Agency, in reference to having been able to pray at both the rededicated Hagia Sophia and Kariye Mosques.

However, Greece, the U.S. State Department and Orthodox Christian institutions worldwide have all criticized the decision to revert the structure into a mosque.

"I want to publicly express my intense dissatisfaction, interpreting the feelings of all Greek women and men, for the completely unnecessary conversion of a historic Byzantine temple, the Monastery of Chora, into a mosque. It is, I believe, an action that offends the rich history of Istanbul itself as a crossroads of cultures," Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis said shortly before leaving for Turkey for a planned meeting with Erdogan.

"We encourage the Turkish government to preserve and ensure access to sites and buildings that have hosted different religious communities in a way that respects their diverse histories," a State Department spokesperson said in response to questions from Greek media.

"The Turkish government's appropriation of both as the property of one faith group not only constitutes yet another sign of that government's contempt for Turkey's rich Orthodox Christian heritage but further imperils the religious freedom of the Ecumenical Patriarchate and the remaining Christians of that land," the Archons of the Ecumenical Patriarchate said in a statement.

© Religion News Service

How did the role of Hagia Sophia change following the Ottoman conquest?

Sultan Mehmed II converted Hagia Sophia into a mosque,

Hagia Sophia became a central Islamic religious site for centuries

What was the original historical and cultural significance of Hagia Sophia in the Byzantine Empire?

Served as the central church of Byzantine Christianity,

According to sources, the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque was criticized for its religious undertones, with many observers viewing it as a move to erase multiculturalism.

Title:

Content: >
December 9, 2021

Christian leaders look forward to Turkey's new law on religious foundations

This is an issue of vital importance for local Christian communities whose places of worship are entrusted to and managed by their governing bodies

Religious minorities in Turkey are looking forward to the increasingly Islamo-nationalist government making good its promise of outreach to non-Muslims by giving them freedom to establish and run their religious and social institutions.

The Turkish government is preparing to issue a new regulation on the administrative management of foundations linked to non-Muslim faith communities, which have been paralyzed for years by a legislative impasse that blocks the renewal of their governing bodies.

This is an issue of vital importance for local Christian communities such as Armenians and Assyrians, whose places of worship – many of them historic --, other real estate and public institutions are entrusted to and managed by foundations.

Burhan Ersoy, head of the state-run Directorate of the Foundations, has confirmed that the plan for the drafting of a new regulation concerning the elections for the assignment of offices within the foundations has come into being, Fides reported.

The draft of the text has been drawn up, taking into account requests and proposals from the various minority communities, and it is expected that the new rules, after obtaining government approval, would be implemented by April 2022.

The previous electoral regulation for the top management of foundations had been suspended in 2013, after the government chose to establish new procedures to make the management of real estate more functional and transparent.

This led to some confusion with representatives of the various minority communities unable to come to a consensus to either accept or reject the new electoral rules, Ersoy said.

The Syrian Orthodox Christian Süleyman Can Ustabaşı, current representative of the non-Muslim Foundations within the Assembly of Foundations, has said that the structure of foundations and their membership profiles had changed over time.

The Turkish government already had consultations with the representatives of religious minorities to resolve the dispute over board elections for their foundations.

But Ustabaşı now urges Turkish authorities to carry out another consultation with representatives of minority communities before the new text is to be implemented in 2022.

The legal status of the Foundations is still based on the Peace Treaty of Lausanne, signed in 1923 by Turkey and the Entente powers (British Empire, France and Russian Empire) victorious from the First World War.

The treaty guaranteed equality before the laws and the freedom to promote and manage "religious and social institutions" for non-Muslim communities in Turkey.

However, the state had seized properties run by these foundations and had to contend with litigation as these foundations claimed the rights guaranteed by the Treaty of Lausanne.

Also, starting from 1936, legislative provisions had allowed foundations of non-Muslim communities to acquire new properties. But in 1974, this guarantee was canceled and the state begun seizing assets acquired by these foundations.

Between 2013 and 2018 about 1,084 properties were returned to the foundations linked to non-Muslim communities, and 20 places of worship restored and given back to the foundations, according to official data.

Greek Orthodox Laki Vingas, in a speech published by the Armenian-Turkish newspaper Agos, said that the legislative deadlock on the question of the regulation of the foundations has had a negative effect on the life of the different ecclesial communities.

The block in the processes of renewal of the governing bodies of foundations had led to the expulsion of young people from the institutions linked to their communities, and also that many voluntary activities were "unfortunately interrupted".

Non-Muslim places of worship

Within the general Assembly of the Turkish Foundations are some 167 minority foundations. The Turkish Greek community has 77, the highest number of foundations. The Armenian community has 54 and the Jewish community has 19 foundations.

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan after a cabinet meeting held on October 25 announced that authorities had put on the agenda the question of the elections of the directorates of the foundations linked to religious minorities.

He also spoke of fundamental tools for the management of assets and resources destined for non-Muslim places of worship.

The issue of the foundations come at a time when Turkish authorities have expelled more and more Protestant Christians -- foreigners and Turkish converts-- on grounds they constitute a "threat to national security".

Turkey had also recently transformed museums into mosques, such as the Hagia Sophia and the Church of the Holy Saviour in Chora.

Both churches had been turned into museums after the end of the Ottoman Empire and the establishment of modern Turkey.

The Church of the Holy Saviour in Chora was built by the Byzantines in the 5th century. The Ottomans then turned it into a mosque after they captured Constantinople in 1453. And it remained a Muslim worship space until the end of the Second World War when it was transformed into a museum.

The same happened to the Hagia Sophia Museum in Iznik, and the high-profile reconversion of the Hagia Sophia Museum, Istanbul's most identifiable monument.

Many observers believe that President Erdogan, weakened internally by a bad economy and a lack of political perspective, is compensating with erasing part of the country's multiculturalism, aimed at shoring up the ranks of his Islamo-nationalist base.

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How did Muslims and Orthodox Christians react to the reconversion?

What political motivations influenced Erdogan's decision to reconvert Hagia Sophia?

Erdogan's decision was influenced by Turkey's Islamic resurgence.

The decision was also seen as a political move by Erdogan, aimed at shoring up his Islamo-nationalist base and strengthening conservative support.

What kind of domestic reaction did Erdogan's reconversion of Hagia Sophia receive?

What political motivations influenced Erdogan's decision to reconvert Hagia Sophia?

Erdogan's decision was influenced by Turkey's Islamic resurgence.

The Greek Orthodox Church decried the conversion of the Chora Church into a mosque, which followed the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia, as ill-advised.

How did Muslims and Orthodox Christians react to the reconversion?

Who was angered by the reconversion of Hagia Sophia in July 2020?

Greece also criticized Turkey's decision to convert the Hagia Sophia into a mosque, viewing it as a personal insult.

Title:

Content: Turkey officially opens the Byzantine church and museum "Khora" as a mosque (PHOTOS)
World News
"Kari Mosque" in the Museum and Monastery of "Khora"
Copy Link https: / / www.rt.com / xhpk
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan on Monday officially opened the Kari Mosque in Istanbul ’ s Byzantine Museum and Monastery of Khora, four years after the church dedicated a mosque to Muslims.
On Monday, Erdogan oversaw the official remote opening of the Khora mosque and a number of restored sites from the conference hall of his residence in Ankara.
Erdogan said during the opening ceremony, which was broadcast on Turkish television, "May it be a good start."
One of the first worshipers at the mosque told Anadolu Agency: “I have been waiting for its opening for four years, and I have been honored to pray in such a place. ”
Anadolu quoted another serum as saying: “Thank God for showing us these days, I hope we come here from time to time and do our prayers. ”
The site near the walls of the old city of Istanbul is famous for its fine mosaics and frescoes.
The church dates back to the 4th century, although the edifice took its present form during the 11th and 12th centuries.
Greece has criticized the Turkish government ’ s decision to return it to use as a mosque, accusing Ankara of “personal insult ” to another World Heritage site, saying the decisions to turn Hagia Sophia and Khora back into mosques are steps aimed at strengthening the support base of conservatives and the religious trend of Erdogan ’ s ruling party amid an economic downturn.
The museum was built "Khora" monastery, in 534, the building was converted into "Kari Mosque" at the beginning of the 16th century, it was used as a mosque for more than four centuries and was converted into a museum in 1945 by a Turkish ministerial decision.
In August 2020, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan signed a decree on the conversion of the Hagia Sophia Cathedral and the Kari Museum, known as a “bottomless church ” in Turkish, into mosques.
The conversion of the two churches into mosques was praised by Muslims, but drew criticism from Greece and other countries that urged Turkey to protect important Byzantine monuments, both of which have been listed as World Heritage Sites by the United Nations.
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How did Muslims and Orthodox Christians react to the reconversion?

Who was angered by the reconversion of Hagia Sophia in July 2020?

The US State Department and other countries also criticized the conversion of the Chora Church into a mosque, which is a UNESCO World Heritage site with well-preserved Byzantine art.

The reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque has also raised concerns about the preservation of its Byzantine mosaics, which are an integral part of its cultural and historical significance.

In an effort to address these concerns, Turkey has installed security cameras and systems at the Hagia Sophia, and offers a headset guide in 23 languages.

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Content: Turkey’s iconic Hagia Sophia mosque to charge $28 entry fee for tourists

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Turkey’s Hagia Sophia mosque began charging tourists nearly $28 on Monday for entrance to the landmark site.

The UNESCO World Heritage site, renowned for its blue-tiled interior, will no longer allow free admission to foreigners, the Turkish tourism ministry announced.

For the latest headlines, follow our Google News channel online or via the app.

The former museum-turned mosque has a new entrance in front of the Topkapi Palace Museum open for tourists.

Tunnel entrance at Turkey's Hagia Sophia. (File photo)

The Hagia Sophia was a museum space from 1934 until 2020 when Turkey decided to change it to a mosque. Various historical reports say the mosque with byzantine architecture was an Orthodox cathedral decades ago.

“With the new application that will start on January 15 at the Hagia Sophia Mosque, tourists will be able to visit the mosque without disturbing the prayer environment,” the ministry said in a statement.

The entrance to the mosque will be “provided in a controlled manner through the tunnel and entrance ramp where visitors will be transported to the gallery floor and exited via the ramp in the northeast direction,” the statement said.

“Tourists who come to the gallery section will be able to see the sanctuary floor of the mosque and the Ottoman Period annexes, pass through the heaven-hell gate, and examine the Byzantine Period mosaics in this section,” it added.

Security cameras, fire detection and emergency announcement systems were reportedly installed in the mosque along the tour route. Cleaning and conservation work on the marble coverings and wooden railings on the gallery floor of the mosque was also carried out by restorers and conservators.

Visitors will also have access to a headset guide with QR codes where information on the sight is available in 23 languages.

People visit the Hagia Sophia, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, in Istanbul, Turkey, July 10, 2020. (Reuters)

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Turkey says UNESCO criticism of Hagia Sophia conversion ‘biased and political’

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However, observers have criticized the Turkish Directorate of Religion's caretaking of the Hagia Sophia, citing concerns about the damage to the historic Imperial Gate in 2022.

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Content: [ditty_news_ticker id="27897"] Video Shows Fragments Falling from the Dome of Hagia Sophia - Orthodox Christian Laity

Video Shows Fragments Falling from the Dome of Hagia Sophia

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Source: Greek Reporter

A still from a recently released video shows visitors rushing to take cover as fragments fall from the dome of Hagia Sophia. Credit: Daily Motion/BirGün

A video from 2022 that came to light recently shows fragments falling on visitors from the dome of Hagia Sophia, the former epicenter of Christian worship at Constantinople, today’s Istanbul.

The footage released by the Turkish newspaper, BirGün, raises serious questions over the safety of the former Orthodox Christian cathedral, now a mosque.

BirGün notably quoted officials as saying that “pieces are falling from the roof, due to the humidity created by the crowd, but no precautions are being taken”.

The president of the Turkish Art History Association, Serif Yasar, argued for restoration of the monument as soon as possible, suggesting that “If Hagia Sophia is not restored, it will collapse with the first earthquake.”

The monument was restored as a mosque three years ago after serving as a museum from 1935-2020 and has since received 21 million visitors, according to Turkey’s tourism and culture minister.

Yasar added that when the church was a museum, the scientific council overseeing it urged that groups of no more than 25 people should be allowed to enter the building at any one time.

This enormous lift in visitation has likely brought to the forefront the need for repairs and it was indeed reported in September that the Turkish government had decided to start long-term maintenance of Hagia Sophia.

Turkey to implement visitor management policy at Hagia Sophia

In early October Turkish historian Ilber Ortayli expressed fears that the large number of visitors to Hagia Sophia could lead to a catastrophic structural failure if not addressed immediately.

Writing in the Hürriyet daily, Ortayli said that the monument, which attracts three million pilgrims annually apart from tourists, has undergone significant damage since its conversion into a mosque.

He asserted that even a modest number of 20-30 thousand people annually, including scientists, historians, archaeologists, representatives of the Muslim religion, politicians, and public officials, could be considered excessive for the endurance of the monument.

In June 2022 a number of tiles of the ancient marble floors in Hagia Sophia were damaged by heavy machines used to clean the site.

In April 2022, The Turkish Association of Art Historians stated that the historic Imperial Gate in Hagia Sophia had been badly damaged.

The group posted a picture clearly depicting the damage to the oak wood of the 15-century-old gate.

Turkey unveiled plans in late October for a visitor management policy at Hagia Sophia, including charging foreign tourists with an entrance fee to be implemented starting Jan. 15.

Minister of Culture and Tourism Mehmet Nuri Ersoy said that extensive restoration work is underway in various sections of Hagia Sophia, now a mosque, with plans to progress to other parts upon their completion.

He emphasized that, based on UNESCO’s recommendations, a visitor management plan would be enforced to enhance the quality and safety of visits while preserving the historical significance of the site.

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Officials argue for repairs to Hagia Sophia after footage shows fragments falling from the dome – Neos Kosmos

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Despite these concerns, the Hagia Sophia has attracted a large number of visitors since its reconversion, with 21 million visitors recorded.

The Turkish government has introduced an entrance fee for foreign tourists, which is currently set at $28.

The government has also announced plans for long-term maintenance and a visitor management policy to ensure the preservation of the Hagia Sophia.

Extensive restoration work is underway, and Turkey has committed to following UNESCO recommendations.

The controversy surrounding the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque is a complex issue that requires careful consideration of its cultural, historical, and religious significance.

In conclusion, the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque is a highly contested issue that has sparked intense debate and criticism from various quarters, with concerns raised about its religious undertones, political motivations, and impact on its cultural and historical significance.

How did Muslims and Orthodox Christians react to the reconversion?

What political motivations influenced Erdogan's decision to reconvert Hagia Sophia?

Erdogan's decision was influenced by Turkey's Islamic resurgence.

Who was angered by the reconversion of Hagia Sophia in July 2020?

The Turkish government's decision to convert the Hagia Sophia into a mosque has been criticized by many observers, including the Greek Orthodox Church, the US State Department, and other countries.

How did Muslims and Orthodox Christians react to the reconversion?

Who was angered by the reconversion of Hagia Sophia in July 2020?

However, the Turkish government has taken steps to address concerns about the preservation of the Hagia Sophia, including the installation of security cameras and systems, and the introduction of a headset guide in 23 languages.

Ultimately, the controversy surrounding the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque highlights the need for careful consideration of its cultural, historical, and religious significance, and the importance of preserving this iconic landmark for future generations.

It is worth noting that the Chora Church, which was converted into a mosque in the 16th century, was officially reopened as a mosque by Erdogan in 2020.

The conversion of the Chora Church into a mosque was also criticized by Greece, which urged Turkey to protect Byzantine monuments.

How did Muslims and Orthodox Christians react to the reconversion?

In addition to the Chora Church, the Hagia Sophia Museum in Iznik was also reconverted into a mosque, as part of Erdogan's efforts to promote Islamo-nationalism.

What political motivations influenced Erdogan's decision to reconvert Hagia Sophia?

Erdogan's decision was influenced by Turkey's Islamic resurgence.

The reconversion of these historic landmarks into mosques has been seen as a move to strengthen conservative support and shore up Erdogan's Islamo-nationalist base.

What kind of domestic reaction did Erdogan's reconversion of Hagia Sophia receive?

What political motivations influenced Erdogan's decision to reconvert Hagia Sophia?

Erdogan's decision was influenced by Turkey's Islamic resurgence.

However, this move has been criticized by many observers, who view it as a threat to the cultural and historical significance of these iconic landmarks.

In the case of the Hagia Sophia, the reconversion into a mosque has resulted in the covering of its Byzantine mosaics, including those of Jesus and Mary, with curtains.

How did the role of Hagia Sophia change following the Ottoman conquest?

Hagia Sophia became a central Islamic religious site for centuries

This move has been criticized by many observers, who view it as a threat to the cultural and historical significance of the Hagia Sophia.

The Turkish government's decision to reimpose an entrance fee on tourists at the Hagia Sophia has also been criticized, with many observers viewing it as a move to restrict access to this iconic landmark.

Despite these concerns, the Hagia Sophia remains a popular tourist destination, with many visitors drawn to its rich history and cultural significance.

What was the significance of Hagia Sophia's conversion into a museum in 1934?

made Hagia Sophia a major tourist attraction.

repositioned Hagia Sophia as a global cultural landmark.

In fact, the Hagia Sophia has attracted a large number of visitors since its reconversion, with 21 million visitors recorded.

What was the significance of Hagia Sophia's conversion into a museum in 1934?

made Hagia Sophia a major tourist attraction.

repositioned Hagia Sophia as a global cultural landmark.

The Turkish government's efforts to promote the Hagia Sophia as a tourist destination have been successful, with many visitors drawn to its rich history and cultural significance.

What was the significance of Hagia Sophia's conversion into a museum in 1934?

made Hagia Sophia a major tourist attraction.

repositioned Hagia Sophia as a global cultural landmark.

However, the controversy surrounding the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque remains a highly contested issue, with many observers criticizing the Turkish government's decision.

How did Muslims and Orthodox Christians react to the reconversion?

Who was angered by the reconversion of Hagia Sophia in July 2020?

In conclusion, the reconversion of the Hagia Sophia into a mosque is a complex issue that requires careful consideration of its cultural, historical, and religious significance.

What did the CALHSC president urge regarding decisions on Hagia Sophia?

Consider both Muslim and Christian voices

How did Muslims and Orthodox Christians react to the reconversion?

Who was angered by the reconversion of Hagia Sophia in July 2020?