"A recent study has found that Mozart's music does not have a positive effect on epilepsy patients, contradicting previous claims that it could alleviate symptoms."

The Sinfonia Concertante in E-flat is considered one of Mozart's notable masterworks, offering a delightful and lucid introduction to his music.

The study on the effects of music on memory was published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.

The property of Mozart's music believed to stimulate the nervous system is its high-frequency waves, specifically those above 3500 Hz, which can improve physiological function and increase concentration and memory.

"Recent research has found no reliable evidence to support the claim that Mozart's music, including his Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major, has a beneficial effect on cognitive performance or epilepsy symptoms, contradicting the idea of the Mozart Effect."

The tempo of Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major is approximately 132 BPM, which is within the preferred range of 120-140 BPM for both humans and rats.

Mozart's music is considered beneficial for therapy and cognitive performance, as supported by the concept of "The Mozart Effect", which suggests that listening to his music can temporarily improve mental performance.

The research results on the Mozart Effect were published in Scientific Reports, indicating that the myth about Mozart's music alleviating epilepsy symptoms has been dispelled due to lack of reliable evidence.

The babies in the study listened to Mozart's music for 20 minutes before a medical procedure.

The Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation funded research on the Mozart effect and its impact on memory in patients with cognitive impairment.

A study on the effects of Mozart's music on epilepsy was published in Scientific Reports, finding no reliable evidence of a beneficial effect.

"A recent study has found that Mozart's music does not have a positive effect on epilepsy patients, contradicting previous claims that it could alleviate symptoms."

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Scientists have dispelled the myth that Mozart ’ s music helps with epilepsy
Scientists from the University of Vienna have dispelled the myth that Mozart ’ s major sonata KV448 can alleviate the symptoms of epilepsy.
The results of the study are presented in the journal Scientific Reports.
According to the authors of the work, they could not find evidence of the above theory.
In the past, it was believed that Mozart ’ s music had many positive effects on a person, for example, it increases the intelligence of the fetus if a pregnant woman listened to it.
Recently, a number of studies have shown that KV448 sonata alleviates symptoms in patients with epilepsy.
In their work, scientists analyzed these studies, as well as other scientific literature.
As it turned out, there is no reliable evidence of the beneficial effect of the melody.
According to the authors, erroneous results could have been obtained due to selective reporting and small samples.
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The Sinfonia Concertante in E-flat is considered one of Mozart's notable masterworks, offering a delightful and lucid introduction to his music.

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When the music is Mozart’s, and the conversation is sublime

Where to begin with Mozart? Why not start at the top, with the Sinfonia Concertante.

There are, to be sure, more famous or popular on-ramps. There is the “Turkish March,” responsible for many an earworm. There is “Eine Kleine Nachtmusik,” known from countless commercials. And there is the dazzling Queen of the Night aria, in which the human voice dances at vertigo-inducing heights.

But if your goal is to develop not a passing fancy but rather a deep and abiding love of Mozart’s music — or to feed an affection already instilled — I can think of few better places to start than the Sinfonia Concertante in E-flat, K. 364. This three-movement score, to be performed by Boston Baroque on March 25 and 26, is at once an insider’s masterwork and, for newcomers, a delightfully lucid point of entry into the infectious joy, the wistful beauty, and the glowing sadness of Mozart’s world.

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The work’s uniqueness begins with its instrumentation — it is essentially a double concerto with the solo violin and, crucially, the solo viola accompanied by an orchestra. Pitched one-fifth beneath the violin, and lacking its brilliant E-string, the viola would not really come into its own as a solo instrument until the 20th century — but here it is on visionary display in a score probably written in 1779.

With its midrange amber warmth and its position near the heart of any chord, the viola was Mozart’s favorite instrument to play in chamber music settings. It has also been speculated that he may have written this solo viola part with the intention of playing it himself. Whatever the case, the instrument’s mellow spirit and wise timbre permeates this score. The scholar Charles Rosen has gone as far as describing the work’s “characteristic sound” as “the sonority of the viola translated into the language of the full orchestra.”

But more than simply offering a unique sound world, the Sinfonia Concertante is an exquisite study of two instrumental voices in relationship. That’s a word you might not associate with the concerto genre, more commonly connected with virtuosic display. Indeed Mozart’s own five violin concertos (already in the rear view mirror by the time he came to write this piece) furnish soloists with plenty of material with which to amuse and impress the ear. Even other double concertos — such as, most famously, the Brahms Double, for violin and cello — do not really challenge that conception but rather, at least in the case of the Brahms, thrillingly double down on it.

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But in Mozart’s work the solo lines are constantly in conversation. The first movement is full of both thoughtful dialogue and witty banter between violin and viola, imitative lines dispatched at times with playful one-upmanship. That pervasive dialogue, however, also means that one-half of each soloist’s performance is listening. The act of hearing an “other” is written into the music itself. In fact the two soloists’ fundamental sense of common cause, their unity of purpose, is established from their very first shared entrance, a simple E-flat held in perfect octaves for a sublime eight beats.

The work’s outer movements are both high-spirited excursions, the first with a grander public bearing, the last with a lightly tripping, carefree air. But the work’s central slow movement stands as the piece’s sad and noble heart, an ineffably beautiful series of solo lines laden with an unnamed yet unmistakable grief, leavened only slightly by a sense of reluctant acceptance.

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The orchestra here accompanies the soloists with empathy and care, until one point near the end of the movement, when the ensemble recedes into silence. It’s as if the well-wishing crowd has drifted away, the community has gone home, and the two mourners, having maintained their dignified composure in public, are now left to speak only with each other. For this moment, Mozart supplies a through-written double cadenza, 18 bars of time-stopping music that must be among the most soulful, poignant passages he ever composed.

The piece has been recorded countless times. Among my personal favorites are the father-son accounts of David and Igor Oistrakh, one of which, a performance conducted by Yehudi Menuhin, can be found on YouTube. Oistrakh père was a sovereign violinist, one of the greatest of the 20th century. But here, with a touching humility, a graceful gesture of parental deferral, he steps aside, allowing his son the privilege of playing the violin part, and taking up the viola lines himself with incomparable dignity and warmth.

In their hands the piece becomes a dialogue between generations across time, or one might say, becomes such a dialogue again. Mozart’s own complex relationship with his father, a violinist and pedagogue, hovers somewhere in the background behind all of these notes. As with all great works of art, there are layers within layers here — and a reservoir of meaning deep enough to last a lifetime.

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Jeremy Eichler can be reached at jeremy.eichler@globe.com, or follow him on Twitter @Jeremy_Eichler.

The study on the effects of music on memory was published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.

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Content: 4/25/23 · Research

The beneficial effects of music on memory may depend on how it is listened to

The initial results of the study of the 'Mozart effect' on neurodegeneration show that listening to classical music in the background has no benefits for learning
The research has been carried out with people experiencing mild cognitive impairment, and it did find individual differences when listening to 'high-arousal' music

Listening to 'high-arousal' music could have a positive effect on memory for people who are accustomed to using music as an emotional regulator (Image: Clem Onojeghuo, Unsplash)

Given the lack of effective treatments to counteract cognitive impairment, background music has traditionally been proposed as a possible therapeutic alternative for improving memory-related tasks. Its effect has long been the focus of debate, but this relationship has now been found to be possibly determined by new interindividual parameters, which means that it may be more complex than was previously thought. This is shown by research led by Marco Calabria, a researcher in the Cognitive Neurolab group of the Faculty of Health Sciences at the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), who is now considering new experiments.

The initial results of the Mozart effect and memory in patients with cognitive impairment (MEM-COG) study, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, suggest that listening to background classical music while performing memory tasks neither improves nor impairs learning levels among people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, listening to more 'high-arousal' music was found to have a possible positive effect on people who are accustomed to using music as an emotional regulator in their everyday lives, which suggests there is potential for further hypotheses and research.

The study, which has been published as open access in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, was carried out with patients at the neuropsychology unit of Barcelona's Hospital de Sant Pau, and involved researchers at the hospital, Montreal's Concordia University and Madrid's Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute.

There is no universal effect

"We found no general impact concerning the effect of music in terms of whether it had positive or negative effects on learning in cases of MCI, but we did find that it would be modulated for each individual. If people regularly use music as an emotional regulator in their daily life, such as to help them remain calm or for company, they will find it easier to obtain further benefits from music when they have to learn something new," explained Calabria, who has a PhD in Psychobiology.

The subjects of the study were people with mild amnestic cognitive impairment, i.e. they have memory problems as a result of an onset of neurodegeneration that is more specific in the parts of the brain dealing with aspects of learning and memory. The experiments consisted of observing 24 photographs of human faces. Participants were instructed to memorize them, and 10 minutes later, they were asked to look at a new series containing the previous 24 images and 24 new ones, in order to attempt to identify the ones that they had already seen.

A classical choice

The first test was performed with the subjects listening to classical music in the information consolidation phase but not in the recovery phase, while in the second exercise it was repeated with the auditory stimulus during both phases. However, no significant differences were observed in terms of results.

Classical music was used in these exercises because "it's a type of music that falls between relaxing and arousing, and has proven to be the most effective for enhancing memory". Furthermore, the fact that it is instrumental reduces the interference (that can come from lyrics) with the content that the participants have to learn in the memory task.

A ray of light

However, Calabria's team wanted to carry out a third experiment using popular music which was considered arousing rather than relaxing, and after a preliminary study, they used an instrumental version of Un rayo de sol (A ray of light), by the group Los Diablos. In that experiment, according to Calabria, the results suggested that "the use of music as a strategy for mood regulation is associated with better performance in memory tasks."

Ongoing research

This finding opens up the possibility of further research to continue exploring the role of interindividual preferences and attitudes towards music among patients with MCI. The group plans to continue the project until late 2024.

During this time, it will investigate whether background music could be more useful in other cognitive domains, such as in attention and concentration in patients with Parkinson's disease. The experiments will also involve the use of a new infrared spectroscopy device in the Neuro Lab, one of the recently opened new laboratories at the UOC, which will show the activation at the cerebral level while cognitive processes are taking place. This will help to determine whether or not there are any alterations in the brain's modulation, in which areas this takes place, and whether it depends on the type of person studied, regardless of the level of response to music.

In overall terms, this will help to find a type of marker which determines the people most likely to benefit from music in cognitive tasks. "The more we know about how background music shapes cognitive processes, the better the use we can make of music as a therapeutic tool in cognitive stimulation," concluded Calabria, an expert in the study of cognitive processes and a member of teaching staff on the UOC's Master's Degree in Neuropsychology.

This research project receives funding from the Ministry of Science and Innovation of the Government of Spain, and contributes to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) number 3, Good health and well-being.

Reference article:

Calabria, Marco et al. 'Background Music and Memory in Mild Cognitive Impairment: The Role of Interindividual Differences'. 1 Jan. 2023: 815 – 829. DOI: 10.3233/JAD-221051

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+34 619 413 823

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The UOC's research and innovation (R&I) is helping overcome pressing challenges faced by global societies in the 21st century by studying interactions between technology and human & social sciences with a specific focus on the network society, e-learning and e-health.

Over 500 researchers and more than 50 research groups work in the UOC's seven faculties, its eLearning Research programme and its two research centres: the Internet Interdisciplinary Institute (IN3) and the eHealth Center (eHC).

The university also develops online learning innovations at its eLearning Innovation Center (eLinC), as well as UOC community entrepreneurship and knowledge transfer via the Hubbik platform.

Open knowledge and the goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development serve as strategic pillars for the UOC's teaching, research and innovation. More information: research.uoc.edu.

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The property of Mozart's music believed to stimulate the nervous system is its high-frequency waves, specifically those above 3500 Hz, which can improve physiological function and increase concentration and memory.

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Content: Fung Ying Ying Little Red Book 5 Great Books to Read and Listen to Mozart? A Drink to Enhance Memory
Author: Colleen
Published: Updated:
Feng Ying Ying graduated with honors from the Department of Food and Nutrition of the University of Hong Kong in 2016, and returned to the campus last year to pursue a master ’ s degree in food industry management and marketing.
Screenshot of Feng Ying's Little Red Book
Feng Ying Ying shared a short video on the mainland social platform Little Red Book, sharing her five tips on reading, saying that not only love needs ritual, learning needs to be. "Serena Williams, the women 's tennis champion, listens to the same song every time she goes out, and will play tennis five times before kick-off." Feng Ying Ying Ying said she has a set of five strokes learning rituals. Better.
1. Create a learning atmosphere
Feng Ying-ying says that when studying, he will put some objects that can motivate him, such as books he likes, or write a memo of his own goals to remind him to study hard, "such as writing on the entrance to a nearby university, or hoping to get a grade in the exam."
Screenshot of Feng Ying's Little Red Book
2. Have a fixed learning time
Feng Ying Ying said that she is not used to staying up all night studying. She goes to bed before 12: 00 every night and usually gets up at 6: 00 in the morning to study. “Because the environment is quiet, less interference, and she will be more focused. ” Breakfast, going for a run, sweating, reading your favorite books, can make you look forward to getting up early. ”
Screenshot of Feng Ying's Little Red Book
3. Listen to music
Although some people suspect that listening to music is distracted during reading, Feng Ying said that the human brain has two attention systems, cognitive and non-cognitive attention systems, which "help us listen to music, especially pure music, our cognitive attention system will be less sensitive", thus making the attention in reading more concentrated and reducing the chance of distraction.
"Mozart's music contains many high-frequency waves above 3500 Hz", high-frequency waves can stimulate the spine to the brain's nervous system, improve physiological function, while listening to Mozart's music, the brain will be in the A-wave state of concentration and memory are going up.
Screenshot of Feng Ying's Little Red Book
4. Drink Green Tea
Feng Ying Ying said that Swiss research has confirmed that the extract in green tea can make the cognitive function of the brain better, can strengthen the human body's cognitive ability and memory, help us to refresh the mind, so that the state of reading is more effective.
Screenshot of Feng Ying's Little Red Book
5. Applying the Law of Attraction
According to the law of attraction, it is not enough to put a note on the goal in the learning environment, you can try to imagine that you have achieved the dream as much as possible, and use this sense of satisfaction to drive you to continue to work hard for the goal, "believe that you have got, you will get".
After the video was released, Internet users in both places also expressed support for Feng Ying Ying, "These films are very high quality", "Very good learning method, I hope I have a goal to go to the exam, can focus on attention", "This Ying Ying Ying is everyone 's favorite, more valuable content output", "I like to do the topic while listening to songs", "Looking forward to you to share learning goods" "There are also many netizens praised Feng Ying Ying's words are correct," she really lazy voice changed a lot, the expression ability is also super strong, in fact, continue to do the chair is also very good. "」

"Recent research has found no reliable evidence to support the claim that Mozart's music, including his Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major, has a beneficial effect on cognitive performance or epilepsy symptoms, contradicting the idea of the Mozart Effect."

The tempo of Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major is approximately 132 BPM, which is within the preferred range of 120-140 BPM for both humans and rats.

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Content: 2022 SU General Election Full Supplement

Illustration by Valery Perez

Rats have more rhythm than you think

By Sheroog Kubur, November 30 2022

Musicians have long sung about the power of music — we’re either slaves to it, losing control or just can’t fight the feeling to get up and dance. Keeping rhythm has been thought to be an exclusively human trait until recently, when a study in Tokyo, Japan discovered that rats are able to keep rhythm as well.

“Rats displayed innate — that is, without any training or prior exposure to music — beat synchronization most distinctly within 120–140 BPM (beats per minute),” said University of Tokyo associate professor Hirokazu Takahashi.

Keeping rhythm is something that had long been considered only a human trait because of the complex motor functions that go into the movements. It involves the speed that the brain is able to respond to something. While there are videos of animals dancing along to songs, like popular videos of birds moving along to the rhythm, this is more likely a case of being trained to respond to the beat than having innate beat synchronization.

Beat synchronization refers to how well we are able to keep in time with a musical beat. The study was conducted at the University of Tokyo and connected 10 rats to wireless, miniature accelerometers to measure their head movements. A one-minute clip of Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major was played at four different tempos, ranging from 75 per cent to 400 per cent of the original song. Twenty humans also participated in the study for comparison.

The song was played at various tempos on the assumption that, because rats already operate at a faster pace in terms of heartbeat and other body functions, they may prefer faster tempos.

However, the results of the study found that rats, much like humans, prefer a tempo of 120-140 BPM. This preference was also observed in the human participants. Mozart’s composition fell within this range at roughly 132 BPM.

“Our results suggest that the optimal tempo for beat synchronization depends on the time constant in the brain,” said Takahashi.

The study also included other pop songs like “Born This Way” by Lady Gaga and “Another One Bites the Dust” by Queen. Beat synchronization in non-human mammals was previously thought to be reactive — akin to jumping to a sudden noise — instead of predictive like in humans. The study suggests that beat synchronicity in rats isn’t purely reactive because of the change in movements alongside the changes in tempos.

“To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on innate beat synchronization in animals that was not achieved through training or musical exposure,” said Takahashi.

This isn’t the first time researchers have looked into the dancing capabilities of animals. Previous research into beat synchronization focused primarily on primates. In 2014, a group of researchers at the University of North Carolina found out that bonobos, a species that shares 98.7 per cent of their DNA with humans, were able to match the beat of drumming scientists with their own drumming. A 2013 study found that chimpanzees also display the ability to synchronize their movements with a beat as well. Researchers at the University of California found that the California sea lion is also able to bob its head along to a rhythm. In October of this year, a team discovered that harbour seals are also able to keep track of different rhythms.

The Tokyo research team plans on looking further into the effects of music and harmony on the human brain. Takahashi has expressed interest in music as it leads to a happier life and mechanisms that create cultural centres in the brain such as art and music.

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Mozart's music is considered beneficial for therapy and cognitive performance, as supported by the concept of "The Mozart Effect", which suggests that listening to his music can temporarily improve mental performance.

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Inicio » English » Inspiration » The Sound of Success: Ideas in Music for Concentration and Productivity

The Sound of Success: Ideas in Music for Concentration and Productivity

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Does music help you concentrate? Since we spend a lot of time in front of computers trying to finish our work, wouldn’t it be nice to listen to some of music to help concentrate? Well, music lovers, it seems like Mozart and Beethoven could actually help you with your productivity. Beethoven once said: «Music is where the spirit lives, thinks and invents.»

This relationship between music and the brain is an area that has been intensively explored in research. Many studies point to the ability of music to help employees be more productive and help children in their learning process more effectively. University research in France found that students who listened to music for an hour while reading, scored significantly higher on a questionnaire compared to a group of students who read without music.

Your attention span is better when listening to music

It seems that music for concentration puts students in a heightened emotional state, so that they can be more receptive to information. «It is possible that music causes a change in the learning environment and influenced students’ motivation to stay focused while reading, which led to better performance on a multiple-choice questionnaire,» concluded the french research team in a recent article.

But before you start playing any type, you have to find the music that works better for the type of work you are trying to carry do. For example, the classic from the Baroque period is said to do wonders for brain activity when you are studying or writing. But not all classical music is created equal, so dramatic changes and complicated fugue changes may not be as conducive as a smooth piano piece. So if you have to choose a composer, we would say Mozart. There seems to be evidence that Mozart’s improves mental performance: it is called «The Mozart Effect”.

Build a harmonious space

If you don’t like classical, the discreet sound found in ambient music may work well for you instead. What is the purpose of this if you are not at the airport, you ask? Well, for creative purposes, it’s better than emptiness and silence. According to one of its pioneers, musician Brian Eno: “Background music must be able to accommodate many levels of attention when listening, without forcing one in particular. It must be as ignorable as it is interesting ”.

In fact, researchers have shown that a moderate level of noise, such as that found in the environment, can actually get creative juices flowing. Music with especially low-lows or especially high-highs should be avoided. Certain types of jazz instrumental melodies can also get your brain working.

Music without lyrics

In general, if you are doing work that requires writing, you should avoid listening to music with lyrics as the words in a song are especially destructive to your concentration. Since hearing words activates the brain’s language center, attempting to perform tasks related to another language would be like trying to have a conversation while someone else is speaking to you. But, if you are a cartoonist, and you don’t deal with sentence construction, hearing letters may not have the same effect.

Finally, studies show that listening to music you’re already familiar with may be better if you really need to focus. New songs take you into the unknown and your brain will want to listen closely to see what comes next. With the music you are familiar with you know what to expect, so it doesn’t distract you from your work. And if you like the tune you’re listening to try not to whistle it while you work, as that will only distract you.

The post The Sound of Success: Ideas in Music for Concentration and Productivity appeared first on Mundo Hispanico

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The research results on the Mozart Effect were published in Scientific Reports, indicating that the myth about Mozart's music alleviating epilepsy symptoms has been dispelled due to lack of reliable evidence.

The babies in the study listened to Mozart's music for 20 minutes before a medical procedure.

Title:

Content: Mozart ’ s music eases babies ’ pain during medical procedures, study finds
29 August, 2023 Tuesday
12: 09 PM
Researchers have found that the soothing background music of composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart during medical procedures may somewhat relieve pain in newborns
This is reported by Science Alert.
It is noted that the test team from Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia was the first of its kind.
Scientists conducted a study among 100 infants at a hospital in New York.
Each child was born full-term, and at the time of the test he was about 2 days old.
Before medical workers took blood using the standard heel prick procedure, more than half of the babies listened to the soothing instrumental lullaby of the famous musician Mozart for twenty minutes.
At the same time, the other half waited silently.
As a rule, when newborns intend to conduct a small medical procedure, they are given sugar.
Two minutes before the heel injection, the babies were given sucrose to ease the pain a little.
The lullaby sounded during the injection and lasted about five minutes after that.
Parents were not allowed to physically hug their children during the study.
The team regularly assessed the babies ’ pain using facial expressions, crying, breathing, limb movements, and alertness as indicators.
The researchers were wearing noise-cancelling headphones, so they didn ’ t know if the music was playing or not.
Eventually, newborns exposed to Mozart showed a "statistically and clinically significant" decrease in scores on the Neonatal Pain Scale (NIPS), and this was true before, during, and after heel injection.
The authors conclude that "musical intervention is a light, reproducible and inexpensive tool for pain relief during minor procedures in healthy, full-term newborns."
Also today, there is a lot of evidence suggesting that music can significantly reduce pain in adults.
Research among newborns is a good opportunity for further research, especially because painkillers often cannot be used in infants.
According to American scientists, such results of the experiment may be a consequence of the fact that music distracts children from pain.
Previous studies among adults have shown that live, pleasant music eases pain more than gloomy and sad music.
This means that distraction cannot fully explain the results.
Perhaps there is something in the tempo, harmony or melody of a song that numbs a person ’ s brain, even if they ’ ve heard very little music before.
Scientists working on the current study say they are now interested in whether parental voices can calm newborns as much as Mozart.
Earlier, physicists from Finland conducted a study and found that sound can propagate through a perfect vacuum, but this requires appropriate conditions.
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The Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation funded research on the Mozart effect and its impact on memory in patients with cognitive impairment.

A study on the effects of Mozart's music on epilepsy was published in Scientific Reports, finding no reliable evidence of a beneficial effect.