Green walls provide several environmental benefits, including air purification, improved air quality, temperature regulation, and cleaner air, by absorbing carbon dioxide and emitting oxygen.

Green walls provide environmental benefits such as air purification, temperature regulation, and reduction of noise and heat island effect, ultimately improving the urban environment.

Green walls provide environmental benefits such as temperature regulation and potentially air purification, which can lead to improved air quality and cleaner air.

Green walls provide environmental benefits including air purification and improved air quality.

Green walls provide environmental benefits such as air purification and temperature regulation, leading to improved air quality and a cleaner environment.

Green walls can help reduce noise pollution, in addition to their other environmental benefits such as air purification and temperature regulation.

Green walls can provide environmental benefits including noise reduction and temperature regulation.

Green walls can help reduce noise levels, providing an additional environmental benefit.

Green walls provide environmental benefits including temperature regulation and air purification.

"Green walls have environmental benefits including temperature regulation, as they can reduce indoor temperature by about 1.8 ℃, in addition to the mentioned benefits of noise reduction and protection from noise."

"Green walls contribute to indoor climate control by regulating temperature, which can result in energy savings."

"Green walls can help regulate indoor temperature and mitigate temperature changes, contributing to a more comfortable and sustainable living space."

"Green walls can help with indoor climate control by regulating temperature and mitigating temperature changes, as evidenced by their ability to reduce indoor temperature by about 1.8 ℃."

"Green walls can help with indoor climate control by regulating temperature and mitigating temperature changes, as evidenced by a study that showed a 5°C reduction in wall temperature in residential buildings."

Green walls can help with indoor climate control by regulating temperature and mitigating temperature changes, with a reported indoor temperature difference of 3 °C to 5 °C.

Homeowners should consider suitable plants for their green wall, taking into account factors such as climate, lighting, and desired texture and appearance.

Homeowners should consider suitable plants and different climates when choosing plants for their green wall, taking into account factors such as soil type, illumination, and plant compatibility.

Homeowners should consider the climate and lighting conditions when choosing plants for their green wall, selecting plants that thrive in similar conditions.

Homeowners should consider factors like climate, soil, light, watering, and nutrition when choosing plants for their green wall, and select plants that are compatible with each other and the wall's conditions.

When choosing plants for a green wall, homeowners should consider the climate and select plants that are suitable for the conditions, ensuring the plants are comfortable and thrive.

Green walls can reduce indoor temperature by approximately 1.8 degrees Celsius, as indicated by study results mentioned in the source document.

A green wall provides the aesthetic benefit of beautification by inviting nature into a home and creating a verdant display.

A green wall provides the aesthetic benefit of beautification, giving a space a living and textured appearance.

A green wall provides the aesthetic benefit of beautification, as implied by the use of organic elements and mounted plant displays to create a harmonious facade.

A green wall provides the aesthetic benefit of beautification, enhancing the visual appeal of a space and improving the quality of life.

A green wall provides the aesthetic benefit of beautification, transforming spaces into small oases.

For a green wall, suitable plants include pothos, heart leaf philodendrons, and prayer plants, which can thrive in various light conditions, making them versatile for different climates.

"Suitable plants for green walls include lily bamboo, firecracker red, Yunnan yellow carnation, turtle, Boston kidney fern, hydrangea, African pansy or panthera, which can be selected based on space planning and installation requirements."

"Plants that can thrive in a variety of soil types and illumination levels may be suitable for green walls in different climates, including arunkus, calamus, verbeinika, kaluzhnitsa, milkweed, and others."

"Dwarf phlox, oxalis, alternator dust cover, obrieta, stonecrops, and santolina are potential plant species for green walls due to their compact growth habits and decorative foliage."

"The choice of plants for green walls depends on the climate and region, and using local flora can be a suitable option."

The type of plants recommended for a vertical garden are low-maintenance plants, which can thrive in a controlled environment with sensors monitoring their hydration and nutrient levels.

Low-maintenance plants are recommended for vertical gardens, as they can ensure the long-term operation of the landscape.

For a vertical garden, it's recommended to use low-maintenance plants that can thrive in the given environment and require less upkeep.

Low-maintenance plants are recommended for vertical gardens, as they are easy to care for and can thrive in vertical wall planters.

The recommended plants for a vertical garden are low-maintenance and can survive in a tropical climate.

"Customized landscape designs can adapt to the local climate by making adjustments to the layout, considering factors such as soil type and groundwater level, to create functional and sustainable outdoor spaces."

Customized landscape designs adapt to the local climate by considering factors such as soil type, illumination, and plant compatibility.

Customized landscape designs, such as the one used in the Hing Neutral Parking Lot, can adapt to the local climate by incorporating greening concepts that provide environmental benefits.

Vertical green walls can reduce indoor temperature by 1.8 ℃.

Vertical gardens provide the environmental benefit of improving air quality.

"Vertical gardens provide environmental benefits by improving air quality through the reduction of pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide, suspended particulates, and ozone."

Vertical gardens can improve air quality by absorbing carbon dioxide and emitting oxygen, making them a beneficial addition to urban environments.

Vertical gardens provide environmental benefits, including improving air quality by purifying the air.

"Vertical gardens improve air quality by purifying the air and cooling down the temperature, as evident from the example of the school in Chiayi City that installed a green wall."

Green walls can help regulate temperature by reducing the heat island effect.

Indoor green walls can help regulate temperature, which in turn saves energy costs for cooling indoor spaces.

Indoor green walls can help regulate temperature, which is a practical benefit.

Indoor green walls can help regulate temperature, in addition to purifying the air, making them a practical choice for indoor spaces.

Indoor green walls have a practical benefit of temperature regulation, as they can reduce indoor temperature by about 1.8 ℃.

Vertical greenization, such as vertical gardens, can help reduce the urban heat island effect, which is a significant environmental benefit.

Vertical greenization achieves the environmental benefit of reducing the urban heat island effect by cooling down the temperature.

"Vertical greenization achieves the environmental benefit of reducing the urban heat island effect by lowering temperatures and providing a natural cooling effect, as evidenced by the reduction of wall temperature in residential buildings."

Vertical greenization can help reduce the urban heat island effect, creating a cooler and more comfortable environment.

Vertical greenization can help reduce the urban heat island effect by lowering the temperature of exposed walls and creating a cooler environment.

Indoor green walls have a positive impact on mental health.

Pothos, heart leaf philodendrons, and prayer plants are suitable for green walls in low-light situations.

Green wall structures can be made of various materials, including arches, fences, grids, walls, columns, trellises, and even dry trees.

Green wall structures can be made of various materials, including wood, plastic, and foam.

"Green wall structures can be made from a variety of materials, including recycled items and PVC pipes, offering flexibility in design and construction."

Green wall structures can be made of various materials, including PVC pipe.

Green wall structures can be made of various materials, including plants, flowers, trees, steel, and cement, to create a sustainable and environmentally friendly building environment.

Green walls provide several environmental benefits, including air purification, improved air quality, temperature regulation, and cleaner air, by absorbing carbon dioxide and emitting oxygen.

Title:

Content: LIFESTYLE Lifestyle
Nederland ’ s “Vertical Forest ” social housing combines environmental protection and aesthetics to enhance the quality of life
by Cecilia
/ 2021.10.17
Housing problems, land problems, property slavery, and high property prices have all become symbols of Hong Kong, and it is common for overseas places to have high-quality public housing or social housing, and in the Netherlands, Einhaven has just completed a "vertical forest" social housing covered with plants, which combines greenery, environmental protection and aesthetics.
Photo by Stefano Boeri Architetti
Designed by Italian architecture studio Stefano Boeri Architetti, the social house in Yanhaofen, Netherlands, known as the Trudo Vertical Forest, is 18 stories high and 70 meters tall and has 125 units. The balcony protruding between each unit has different width, height and depth.
Low-income people and young people starting families can improve living conditions even for citizens who can ’ t afford private housing, and apply the concept of urban afforestation as a possibility to improve the urban environment and cope with climate change.
Photo by Stefano Boeri Architetti
Trudo Vertical Forest uses white as the main color overall, and is surrounded by solar reflective glass bars, the planting balcony is equipped with sensors to monitor the hydration and nutrient levels of the soil, even the novice planting do not have to worry.
Don ’ t underestimate the amount of plants in a single building that can absorb more than 50 tons of carbon dioxide and emit more than 13 tons of oxygen each year. It makes sense to call it a “vertical forest ”.
Solar panels on the roof provide some of the energy consumed by the building, while reservoirs and rainwater harvesting systems are installed to irrigate the plants.
Photo by Stefano Boeri Architetti
In terms of indoor environment, each 50 square meters (about 538 square feet) unit can be reconfigured according to people, and the floor height is at least 3.5 meters. Although foreigners are relatively tall, they are also full of space.
Each unit has its own balcony, each with a tree and 20 shrubs.
The design takes into account the doubling of the weight and size of each plant ’ s life cycle, and there is a dedicated gardener to take care of it, who does not enter the house, but hangs down outside the building to maintain and trim the plants.
This is not the first time that the concept of “vertical forest ” has been heard, and it has been implemented around the world. However, this time, as a social housing, it is also a big attraction, and I hope to see it in Hong Kong one day.
Photo by Stefano Boeri Architetti

Green walls provide environmental benefits such as air purification, temperature regulation, and reduction of noise and heat island effect, ultimately improving the urban environment.

Title:

Content: City car park green beautification to create a small oasis
▲ Taichung City Government has vigorously promoted green beautification and expanded the planting of green fences in parking lots and crane yards, so that parking lots become small oases.
(Photo / courtesy of Taichung City Government, same as below)
Life Center / General Report
Taichung City is currently building a number of three-dimensional parking lot, after the completion of the parking space in addition to a large increase, the Transportation Bureau also launched a green beautification plan, the parking lot into a small oasis in the city.
As of February this year (113), a total of 59 parking lots and 2 towing yards, including Shuinan Central Park, Chuangyan 22, 26, Dajia Liming Parking Lot, Houli Fuxing Parking Lot, etc., have been successfully landscaped.
▲ The green beautification operation of the parking lot is ongoing, and the selection of durable varieties ensures the long-term operation of the landscape.
"Taichung City Government attaches importance to the voice of the public, improve the parking lot environment, green beautification has become a dazzling highlight of the city!" Transportation Secretary Ye Zhaofu explained that the core of the parking lot renovation plan is to expand green beautification, choose plant varieties with beautification environment and durability, to ensure that the green fence can maintain a beautiful landscape in long-term operation, while having a good impact on the environment.
In the future, we will continue to plant rich and diverse green plants around various parking lots and towing yards to build a green ecological barrier.
▲ The Hing Neutral Parking Lot, which is under construction, integrates aesthetics, environmental protection and ecology with the plan of “Vertical Park of Parking Lot ”.
In addition to beautifying the existing parking lot, the Taichung Municipal Transportation Bureau also combines greening concepts with greening concepts for the parking lot currently under construction. For example, the Hing Neutral Parking Lot, which is expected to open in 114 years, is different from the traditional green landscape design. Make the wall green effect, so that the parking lot looks like a three-dimensional forest in the park, integrating beauty, environmental protection and ecology, providing a green barrier that can purify the air, reduce noise and heat island effect, and improve the urban environment.
The park concept is integrated into the parking lot design, and the size of the parking lot is reduced to increase the area of green space. The event plaza and urban ribbon multi-purpose space are planned on Chenggong Road and Hing Chung Street.
(Taichung City Government Advertisement)
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Green walls provide environmental benefits such as temperature regulation and potentially air purification, which can lead to improved air quality and cleaner air.

Title:

Content: More construction owners apply for subsidies to increase the garden high-rise green space area doubled in 10 years
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Our high-rise green space has increased significantly, more than doubling in size over the past 10 years, from 60 hectares in 2013 to 155 hectares.
In addition to more new builders incorporating high-rise green spaces or rooftop gardens into their blueprints, more and more owners of older buildings are applying to the National Park Service for subsidies to add or convert their roofs into green spaces.
In an interview with the Lianhe Zaobao, the senior director of the National Park Service's landscaping department, Sophie Ann, revealed that since 2009, about 300 projects have applied for grants for high-rise green spaces or vertical landscaping.
Owners who receive the allowance must ensure that the green space of the tall building is maintained for at least five years.
According to the Park Service, only five applicants no longer maintain green spaces for high-rise buildings due to financial or other factors.
The Park Service annually reviews whether the green spaces in tall buildings are still lush and provides horticultural advice when needed, such as introducing heat-resistant and heat-resistant landscape plants to replace poorly grown flowers and trees.
The Park Service would not disclose how much subsidy has been allocated so far, but stressed that the purpose of the subsidy is to encourage more owners to pay attention to the benefits of high-rise green space, in line with Singapore ’ s 2030 Green Plan, to implement the vision of 200 hectares of high-rise green space.
In fact, many builders choose to set up garden green space in tall buildings or rooftops, or plant vertical flowers and trees in the outer layer of the building, while greening the building environment of steel cement, it also saves energy costs for cooling indoor space.
Rooftop gardens can "cool" the surface of a building by 6 degrees Celsius and reduce the surrounding temperature by 4 degrees Celsius, Sufian said.
In addition, when the solar panel is placed on the roof, if green plants are also planted below it, the solar panel can be prevented from overheating and the charging efficiency can be improved.
More intensive planting of various plants along the roadside
Green buildings such as vertical greening are a topic of concern in recent years, and integrating green space and natural habitat in new towns and residential areas can be one of the compromise solutions to balance urban development and conservation, and offset the plundering and depletion of the natural environment by development projects.
About 40 percent of Singapore's land area is covered by green vegetation, many of which are naturally formed forests in the past half century.
After the urban development of the 1970s, many rural and agricultural land was cleared, and tropical tree species that are easier to reproduce and grow quickly were planted, and many sub-forests were scattered everywhere.
Over the years, the Park Service has also grown more dense and numerous plants per hectare of road land than in the past.
In the past, most of the plants on both sides of the road were of the same species. "This is not a wise move, because if a certain species of tree is infected, it will affect a lot of trees," said Mr Woo Chao-shing, Senior Director of Roads and Landscape of the Park Service.
As a result, over the years, more diverse species of shrubs and trees have been added to create a sense of stratification along roadsides or open spaces, attracting more butterflies and birds, etc. “And this will improve the fragmentation of green spaces caused by urbanization, strengthen ecological cohesion, repair roads and increase the destruction of nature by building more houses. ”
"When cities develop, we have to compensate by planting more plants in the same area of green corridors, or by choosing plants that grow faster to get back to the lush feeling of the past as soon as possible," Hu said.
To this end, the Park Service launched the rewilding project three years ago, deliberately ignoring the green corridors of 24 locations, reducing the number of routine pruning of branches and weeds and creating a sense of overgrown grass.
"We deliberately allow nature to grow freely, increasing its biodiversity and saving manpower, as long as it does not block the entrance of drainage channels or obstruct the passage of pedestrians," Hu said.
However, some residents are concerned about mosquito breeding, and "we will consider it on a case-by-case basis before deciding whether to expand the area under the plan."
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Green walls provide environmental benefits including air purification and improved air quality.

Title:

Content: Prince’s Landscape Pte Ltd Now Provides Singapore Properties with Vertical Green Walls

Prince’s Landscape Pte Ltd is famous for its vertical wall planters, green walls and flower backdrop in Singapore. The company caters to residential and commercial clients as well.

Singapore, 2023-Jan-04 — /EPR Network/ — Prince’s Landscape Pte Ltd, the leading landscaping company in Singapore is offering vertical green walls to commercial and residential properties. Whether it is a retail showroom or a high rise, the vertical green wall is an innovative approach towards introducing nature amidst the concrete jungle.

The company uses quality vertical wall planters, ensuring the healthy growth of the plants. These vertical walls are easy to maintain, assemble, install, disassemble, and reinstall. The technique used by Prince’s Landscape Pte Ltd ensures the user does not have to spend much time tending and taking care of the plants.

Along with green walls, the company also provides clients with exquisite flower backdrops in Singapore to complement the greenery around them. It’s a long-term investment as a green wall can last up to 25 years.

Vertical walls by Prince’s Landscape Pte Ltd come with some unique features:

  • Custom design to suit the client’s needs.
  • Minimal watering of the green wall plants.
  • Ultra-low maintenance ensured.
  • Quick installation due to a modular system.
  • Use of plants that can survive in a tropical climate.

Why choose a vertical green wall?

  • Reduces waste of energy.
  • Improves air quality.
  • Makes the structure sustainable.
  • The space becomes more fire-resistant.
  • Minimizes ambient noise.

The general installation cost for a vertical green wall by Prince’s Landscape Pte Ltd ranges between $200 per square meter and $1200 per square meter, depending on the design, the kind of plants used and the installation process.

About the company:

One of the oldest nurseries in Singapore, Prince’s Landscape Pte Ltd has 50 years of experience in the industry. Started out humbly as a flower shop, Prince’s Landscape Pte Ltd have evolved into a full-fledged landscape design and installation specialist.

Contact Details

Telephone: 65 6763 7000

Fax: 65 6892 2700

WhatsApp: +65 8838 3479

Email: buzz@prince.com.sg

Address: 53 Sungei Tengah Road, Singapore 698998

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Green walls provide environmental benefits such as air purification and temperature regulation, leading to improved air quality and a cleaner environment.

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Content: Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi City, Chiayi County, Chiayi
The school received an environmental subsidy of NT $220,000 two years ago to plant large Dumbo flowers to form a green wall, which helps to cool down the temperature and purify the air, and also to install an automatic sprinkler system to maintain the ecology of the green wall.
According to the Environmental Protection Bureau of Chiayi City Government, since 2019, the Environmental Protection Department has promoted the vertical air green wall project. Since 2019, three schools, including Xingjia, Jiabei Elementary School and Jiabei Elementary School, have installed climbing plants on the school's daughter wall and the balcony of the classroom.
The Environmental Protection Bureau of the Chiayi Municipal Government said that this year, the Environmental Protection Agency expanded the target of subsidies, in addition to the original subsidies of public middle school, public elementary school, public preschool institutions, public welfare groups, public facilities, environmental protection night market, civic activity center and other venues, air green wall subsidies of 3,000 to 6,000 yuan per square meter, single subsidy ceiling of 400,000 yuan.
According to the Municipal Environmental Protection Agency, according to the results of the study, vertical green walls can reduce the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), suspended particulates (PM10) by about 40% and 60%, but also reduce the concentration of indoor fine suspended particulates (PM2.5) by about 10%, ozone by about 30%, and indoor temperature reduction by about 1.8 ℃.
According to the city's Environmental Protection Bureau, the appropriate plant types are lily bamboo, firecracker red, Yunnan yellow carnation, turtle, Boston kidney fern, hydrangea, African pansy or panthera, and can be selected according to the space planning and installation requirements, so that the space is more beautiful.
# Green Wall # Cooling # EPB # EPD # Planting

Green walls can help reduce noise pollution, in addition to their other environmental benefits such as air purification and temperature regulation.

Green walls can provide environmental benefits including noise reduction and temperature regulation.

Title:

Content: Special enterprises / transportation advantages are difficult to shake the Yuanxiong Green Wo to attract Nanke people to buy in one place
This Newsletter
According to the National Development Council, Nanke officially overtook Bamboo with about 458.5 billion yuan in sales in the first four months of this year. Nanke is the largest semiconductor R & D center in Taiwan. Nanke is the driving force behind Tainan ’ s economic engine. Most semiconductor manufacturers TEL Group, UMC, ASML, Merck and other card expansion, continue to expand the South Taiwan Science and Technology Corridor, will bring 93,000 jobs. Driven by the Nanke elite and surrounding supply chain, high income and high consumption population, creating huge residential demand, becoming the strongest driving force to support the real estate market. And...
Tainan housing market has always been driven by national highways and fast roads, especially along the interchange, which is a hidden driving force for people to start. For example, 5 minutes straight to the North Outer Ring Changhe Road ramp, to the east of the South Branch; to the west to Annan, North District, Central and Western District, Anping, about 15 minutes away from the South Branch and the urban area, the number of registered households reached 118, the unit price of the house fell between 370,000 ~ 460,000 yuan. Large construction companies such as Chunfu, Jingcheng, Hongpu, Changhe, Qiuhong, and Hefa Construction have purchased land in this area, and tens of billions of new projects are waiting to be launched.
In addition, the new city and Shanhua area, which are the same Nanke living circle, saw the highest transaction record of “World Nanke ” in Xinhe District, New City, with the highest transaction record of $453,000 per square meter, and the average price of about $400,000 in“ Zong Dashan ” in New City. The two houses sold for $412,000.
Since the return to the market fundamentals, the choice of "value preservation location" and "livable products" has gradually moved from the outer suburbs of Nanke to the first ring of Nanke urban area. With ease, buyers are more willing to move to the urban area, and rezoned areas at the transportation hub are the first choice.
"Yuan Xiong Luo Wo" is located at the first row of 40m Wing On Road, the water green dike corner, the base covers an area of about 1550 square meters, which is the core of the rezoning area.
This is an advertisement, please continue reading.
The project 's marketing manager, Huang Ding-chun, said that the young working group of the park attaches importance to life style, especially the sense of community. "Yuan Xiong Green Wo" plans 244 households to maintain the sense of household quality and community operation. The design uses "windmill configuration", "jump balcony", "inclined roof greening", indoor configuration 5 + 5mm glued glass, YKK airtight window, to achieve the effect of noise reduction, cooling and energy saving, plus the electric parking frame reservation planning, rainwater recycling design, quite in line with the current emphasis on the concept of green sustainability.
There are also many public facilities in the community, including indoor and outdoor views of the atrium, including garden pool, gym, yoga room, multi-purpose shared lounge, children's play room, outdoor leisure area, etc.
The public architecture echoes the architecture and landscape, incorporating the bionic mimicry of nature into the design inspiration, creating a native sense of space style, extending the outdoor greenery, and the overall community area from the inside out is like a city garden, which is a natural and quiet area in the city, and at the same time introducing new design trends to Tainan.
See more of the benefits of “Far Hero Green Wo ”
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Green walls can help reduce noise levels, providing an additional environmental benefit.

Green walls provide environmental benefits including temperature regulation and air purification.

"Green walls have environmental benefits including temperature regulation, as they can reduce indoor temperature by about 1.8 ℃, in addition to the mentioned benefits of noise reduction and protection from noise."

"Green walls contribute to indoor climate control by regulating temperature, which can result in energy savings."

"Green walls can help regulate indoor temperature and mitigate temperature changes, contributing to a more comfortable and sustainable living space."

"Green walls can help with indoor climate control by regulating temperature and mitigating temperature changes, as evidenced by their ability to reduce indoor temperature by about 1.8 ℃."

"Green walls can help with indoor climate control by regulating temperature and mitigating temperature changes, as evidenced by a study that showed a 5°C reduction in wall temperature in residential buildings."

Title:

Content: Africa Has Its First Chief Heat Officer. Five Things Should Be On Her Agenda

24 February 2023
analysis

Freetown's heat officer can set an example to Africa and the world as temperatures and risks rise.

Eugenia Kargbo has an unusual job: she is the city of Freetown's chief heat officer. Her role in Sierra Leone's capital is the first of its kind in Africa. She has been tasked with raising public awareness about extreme heat, improving responses to heat waves, and collecting, analysing and visualising heat impact data for the city, which is home to 1.2 million people.

Freetown is increasingly threatened by dangerous temperatures. In 2017, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ranked Sierra Leone third, after Bangladesh and Guinea Bissau, on its list of countries most vulnerable to climate change.

The risks are concentrated in its capital and largest city, Freetown, where some 35% of the population live in 74 informal settlements like Kroo Bay, often in disaster-prone areas like the seafront or hillsides. Houses are densely built and typically temporary structures made of "heat trapping" materials. Services that supports cooling, such as water and electricity, are usually inadequate.

As an architect whose work includes researching ways to reduce heat in African cities, I think the creation of an Heat Officer position is a good move. The world's cities are almost all getting hotter and, as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has warned, temperatures will only keep rising.

But, while this is a global challenge, African cities are unique. The significant proportion of urban dwellers who are poor and those whose living conditions do not provide adequate shelter from the elements make the African context unique and deserving special attention.

With these realities in mind, here are five things I'd suggest should be on the agenda of both Kargbo and any other heat officer appointed elsewhere on the continent in future.

1. Take a diverse approach to urban greening

Nature-based approaches are a great way to address increasing temperatures linked to climate change. Scholars have established positive links between green infrastructure, temperature moderation and even health outcomes in African cities as well as elsewhere in the world.

This has informed a growing number of tree-planting initiatives and the development of urban parks. But it is important that municipalities move beyond only these kinds of spaces. African cities are becoming densely populated; that means less space will be available for greening initiatives on land.

Vertical systems of building (for example on walls, roofs, columns) and urban infrastructure (for example on bridges, road furniture) should be explored to make up for the lack of space on the ground.

In the last few years, I have led the design and development of experimental vertical gardens in low-income areas of Nigeria and Tanzania. We have shown that these vertical gardens reduce wall temperature of residential buildings by as much as 5°C in Dar es Salaam. The gardens have other benefits like providing fresh vegetables for household consumption. Similar ways of growing vegetation vertically have been seen elsewhere in the world, including in Mexico City.

2. Strengthen the link between heat and health

Exposure to extreme heat usually comes with health problems - and can even kill people, as I and many other scholars have documented. It exacerbates underlying health conditions.

One area of concern when it comes to the heat-health nexus in African countries is that mosquito numbers increase in higher temperatures. This means malaria and other diseases transmitted by mosquitoes might become significant problems for Freetown and other African cities.

These health problems are further complicated by the fact that many city dwellers across the continent can't access adequate and affordable health care. Community health initiatives within cities and efforts to ramp up health services in qualitative and quantitative terms must be integral to heat adaptation plans and actions.

3. Focus on early warning and improved awareness

It is far better to be proactive than reactive. Heat vulnerability patterns within Freetown and other African cities must be studied and used to make sense of weather predictions in order to inform warning systems.

In the warning systems, for example, an alert level can be triggered when the weather forecast shows three or more consecutive days with daytime maximum temperature and humidity above a threshold of, say, 30°C. Other levels of alerts can correspond with higher temperatures. This sort of system has been implemented in Toronto, Canada, with good outcomes. A recent study of urban areas in Ontario (the province where Toronto is located) shows that early warnings may have meant fewer heat-related illnesses severe enough to warrant hospital or clinic visits.

4. Encourage the transfer of knowledge

Cities can adapt to heat faster when they share knowledge and experiences. Some scholars argue that inter-city collaboration and knowledge-sharing can enhance municipalities' resilience and improve urban residents' skills to deal with heat-related issues.

Kargbo's work will generate many lessons that can be shared with other African cities; she, too, will learn from other cities' successes and failures.

5. Let locals lead

While there is plenty to learn from more developed countries outside Africa, it is important to also draw from local indigenous knowledge and practices. An examination of knowledge and awareness about climate-related and environmental problems in African traditional society shows there is much to be learned from indigenous systems.

Top-down approaches are not enough. They must be complemented by bottom-up approaches in the planning, funding, execution and assessment of heat adaptation initiatives.

Inclusion is also important because it shifts power to those who are most affected by heat - people living in low-income and informal areas are disproportionately affected. Involving them enhances the impacts of initiatives and interventions.

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Olumuyiwa Adegun is a Senior Lecturer, Department of Architecture, Federal University of Technology, Akure.

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Green walls can help with indoor climate control by regulating temperature and mitigating temperature changes, with a reported indoor temperature difference of 3 °C to 5 °C.

Title:

Content: Health · Life
In response to the hot summer weather, various measures are taken everywhere -
Cool in summer.
August 04, 2021 07: 53 Source: People 's Daily Overseas Edition
The monsoon climate in China is remarkable, and the summer is generally high temperature.
Since entering the small heat and heat festival, the maximum daily temperature in many places has reached more than 35 ° C.
In order to cope with the high temperature and heat, various places have introduced a variety of heat prevention and cooling measures to reduce the impact of high temperatures on people's lives and production, and protect the masses from a cool summer day.
Care for outdoor workers to send a summer gift package
"This year, the project department prepared summer supplies for us early, although the weather is hot, but everyone's enthusiasm for work is higher." In the summer of the Xiongan New Area in Hebei Province, large-scale development and construction are in full swing.
Workers are stepping up construction on the resettlement housing project in the Rongdong area.
Tian Yaliang, a worker, said that the project department set up a free collection point of green bean congee in the workers' living area, and equipped with huixiang Zhengqi water and ice blocks, and workers can receive free of charge when they go to and from work.
In the hot summer, a group of outdoor workers, such as construction workers, sanitation workers, takeaway brothers, express brothers, etc., are busy in the hot sun, insist on working in the high temperature, and serve everyone's production and life with hard work and sweat.
On July 27, the highest temperature in Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, exceeded 40 ° C on that day, becoming the first provincial capital city to exceed 40 ° C this year.
Since July, the Federation of Trade Unions of Fuzhou City has continued to carry out special sympathy activities for the prevention of summer heat and cooling.
It is reported that from July to August this year, the trade unions at and above the county level in Fuzhou will invest 8 million yuan in the city to carry out a special summer-cooling campaign, focusing on frontline workers in urban sanitation, public transportation, key engineering construction, postal delivery and other industries. The committee's role is to urge enterprise units to standardize labor production under high temperature weather, ensure the health of employees' workplaces, etc., and help enterprise units to prevent epidemic, reduce temperature and promote production.
As the temperature continues to rise, the national electricity load and daily power generation have exceeded the historical peak, and the power industry has ushered in the key period of "peak summer".
In recent days, frontline personnel of the power supply bureau in Baoan District of Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, are still working under the hot sun to ensure the safety of residents.
The two power supply personnel, wearing long-sleeved protective clothing, helmets and heavy insulated gloves on their hands, were sent to mid-air by an insulated boom truck to carry out live operations.
The workers who came down from the lifting platform were covered with sweat, and the sweat had soaked through the clothes.
While ensuring that users in the area feel at ease with electricity, the Baoan Power Supply Bureau also makes every effort to do a good job of summer employee labor protection and summer cooling, rationally and evenly arrange outdoor construction operations, improve operating conditions, and shorten continuous operating time.
All power supply stations are equipped with emergency medicine boxes to provide employees with general labor protection supplies and more than 20 kinds of drugs such as Xia Sang Ju granules and cooling oil.
Green bean soup, chrysanthemum tea, patchouli qi water, dragon tiger people Dan, cool oil, more breathable summer uniforms... I visited and found that many outdoor workers such as express brothers, traffic police, sanitation workers have received the company or street community organizations to provide summer prevention materials and drugs.
In addition, the service stations that can drink water, summer vacation and rest also give care to outdoor workers.
On July 27, Jinchuan District, Jinchang City, Gansu Province, held a "summer to send cool" activity and outdoor workers' station award ceremony at the door of the Jinchang Agricultural Commercial Bank on Huanhuan Road.
The ceremony marked the opening of 26 "outdoor workers' stations" in accordance with the standards of "six one" (a bronze logo, a set of sofa coffee table, a water dispenser, a microwave oven, a mobile phone charging pile, a toilet place). Workers provide warm heart services and build a harbor of love.
In June this year, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions issued the Notice on Doing a Good Job in 2021, requiring trade unions at all levels to make doing a good job in the labor protection of workers in high-temperature and hot weather operations an important part of the trade unions' service and protection of workers' rights and interests.
According to the National Federation of Trade Unions' rights and interests protection minister Su Bin in July 22 held a "trade union care for outdoor workers" press conference, according to incomplete statistics, so far, trade unions at all levels integrated social resources, self-construction, co-construction and other ways, has built 78217 outdoor workers service stations, a total investment of 938 million yuan, covering more than 59 million people who serve migrant workers as the main body of outdoor workers.
Implementation of paid leave to pay high temperature allowance
Old tree birds, clouds roll and wave.
The mountains are lush with green trees, the streams are shallow, and only the sound of cicadas indicate that this is a midsummer July day.
Recently, Mr. Yang, a citizen of Chongqing, took his annual leave to take his father to the four hills in the city for summer vacation.
Wangxiangtai waterfall fell from the highest place, water flowers flapping face, bring the unique cool in the forest. "than in the air-conditioned room, the old man still prefer to walk around."
The mountains are cool, breathe fresh air, and proper outdoor activities are good for the old man's body. "Mr. Yang told the author, using the opportunity of paid leave to take his family to avoid the summer in the hottest time of the year, he has planned for a long time.
Entering the "three volts", hot and humid, more people choose to take vacation and summer vacation.
The regulations, which have been in force since 2008, stipulate that workers who have worked continuously for more than one year shall enjoy paid annual leave, and workers shall enjoy the same salary income during the annual leave as during the normal period of work.
Employees who have completed one year of work or less than 10 years of work shall have five days of annual leave; those who have completed 10 years or less shall have 10 days of annual leave; and those who have completed 20 years shall have 15 days of annual leave.
National statutory holidays and rest days are not counted as annual leave.
In addition to the implementation of paid leave, workers in hot weather also enjoy a number of guarantees in accordance with the law.
In June 2012, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Affairs and other four departments formulated the "summer cooling measures management measures", in the high temperature weather, the employer should according to the production characteristics and specific conditions, take reasonable arrangements of working hours, rotation, appropriate increase in the high temperature working environment workers rest time and reduce labor intensity, reduce high temperature outdoor work and other measures.
Workers who work at high temperatures are entitled to post allowances in accordance with the law.
Specifically, if the employer arranges workers to engage in outdoor open-air work in hot weather above 35 ° C and cannot take effective measures to reduce the temperature of the workplace to below 33 ° C, it shall issue a high temperature allowance to the workers and include it in the total salary.
The high temperature allowance standard shall be formulated by the provincial human resources and social security administration department in conjunction with relevant departments, and adjusted in due course according to the situation of social and economic development.
In June this year, the Guangdong Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security issued a notice to increase the Guangdong high temperature allowance to 300 yuan per person per month, such as the number of days to convert the high temperature allowance, 13.8 yuan per person per day.
This standard is doubled from the 150 yuan / month standard in 2012, which will directly benefit 300,000 front-line sanitation workers and more than 3 million construction workers, and increase the high temperature allowance for front-line workers.
In order to reduce the impact of continuous high temperature weather on workers' work and health, the Fujian Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security issued a notice recently, requiring all employers to make scientific and reasonable arrangements for work, pay high temperature subsidies in full, and must not take the way of summer cooling drinks offset.
For high temperature allowance, it is calculated according to the actual high temperature days of 12 yuan / day in May, and 260 yuan / month from June to September or 12 yuan / day according to the actual high temperature days.
The relevant person in charge of the labor inspection department of the Fujian Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Affairs said that in addition to the provision of high temperature allowance, all employers should scientifically and reasonably arrange work according to production characteristics and specific conditions, and take appropriate measures to increase the rest time of workers and reduce outdoor work during high temperature to ensure safe production.
Planting trees to make green spray to create a cool city
On the Second and Third Ring Road in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, one can't see the steel and cement of the modern city, and instead it is a verdant green.
Ms. Jin, who lives on the edge of the third ring, will pass this "urban forest" formed by mountain tigers at work every day.
"A piece of green oil, when you see it, it feels very cool.
Sometimes traffic jams, just under the shade to stop for a while, not in a hurry. "Ms. Jin sighed to the author:" The greening of the city will indeed affect the mood, more green, you will feel the city's cool more, the summer heat less. "
It is reported that the climbing tiger has a long life cycle and is easy to grow, and climbing on a cement viaduct can reduce the temperature of the exposed wall by 3 ° C to 6 ° C.
At present, more than 190,000 square meters of climbing tigers have been planted on 4,280 piers of the Second and Third Ring Road in Chengdu, and more than half of the piers have reached a greening height of 8 to 12 meters, which is like a green waterfall.
The urban heat island effect is obvious, in order to cool the city and create a livable environment for residents, various ways have been made to create a cool city.
In Beijing, Gongdeji Temple Park, which opened at the end of June, is located in Haidian District, Beijing, and is the "Three Mountains and Five Gardens" (a general term for the cultural heritage of various historical periods represented by the imperial gardens of the Qing Dynasty in the northwestern suburbs of Beijing).
Three mountains refer to Xiangshan, Yuquan Mountain, Wanshou Mountain, and five gardens refer to Jingyi Garden, Jingming Garden, Summer Palace, Yuanming Garden, and Changchun Garden.)
The core area of the historical and cultural scenic spot. In the evening, the sunset is dyed with red sky, and the people in the park are gradually increasing.
Ms. Qi, who lives nearby, brought her children to the park and said, "My family lives nearby and I often come here recently. It is very comfortable to come in in the summer."
Gongdeji Park covers an area of about 10 hectares, which is full of trees and lush flowers, overlooking from the air, like a green jewel inlaid between the "three mountains and five gardens".
According to reports, different from ordinary parks, Gongdeji Park adheres to the urban forest concept in its design and carries out large-scale "green".
The park not only retains the tall trees with good growth, but also adds a variety of evergreen trees, deciduous trees and herbs to create a well-defined and distinctive urban forest space, providing a pleasant summer retreat for the surrounding residents.
Stereoscopic greening is also one of the important forms of urban greening.
In addition to the ecological role and the function of beautifying the city, in the aspect of building energy conservation, three-dimensional greening landscape also plays a small role.
It is reported that in the hot summer, there is a three-dimensional green surface and no three-dimensional green surface temperature difference of up to 7 ° C or more, indoor temperature also has a temperature difference of 3 ° C to 5 ° C.
In June this year, Shanghai's Jingan District Greening Management Center completed the construction of green walls and flower boxes on Chengdu North Road and Xinzha Road.
On the green wall of Chengdu North Road, huge walls are decorated with different colors and different looks of plants, and a series of representative building silhouettes are outlined on the wall with LED lights.
In Xinzha Road, the combination of flower boxes, rattan and hanging flower boxes adds color to the monotonous wall surface.
By the end of 2020, Shanghai has built a total of 475,000 square meters of three-dimensional greening and more than 30,000 elevated columns, which has greatly improved the quality of the urban ecological environment and brought a hint of coolness to the citizens in midsummer.
In Chongqing, the spray cooling method came in handy.
Recently, the traditional landscape area of Shancheng Lane in Chongqing has opened a spray cooling system, which brings cool feeling to the residents through extremely fine white water mist, and alleviates the discomfort caused by the heat.
People walk under the spray, the mist continuously spits out, and the moist water mist falls on the exposed skin, absorbs the heat in the air and vaporizes, which brings a refreshing moist feeling.
It is reported that when the temperature reaches more than 30 ° C, the spray cooling device spray for 15 minutes, the temperature will be reduced by more than 6 ° C within a range of 3 meters.
Previously, Chongqing's Liangjiang New Area also built a "smart cool road".
When the outside temperature reaches the set value and infrared sensing pedestrians approach, the intelligent cooling system will automatically start spraying and cooling, forming a cool, pleasant, healthy and environmentally friendly ecological corridor.
Walking in such an environment, people can not only enjoy the beautiful scenery of the mountain city, but also enjoy the cozy feeling of cool water under the scorching sun.
(This newspaper interns Zhang Yiran, Yang Yichen, Guo Shiying, Zhang Xinyue also contributed to this writing)
(Editor: Sun Hongli, Yang Di)
Related News

Homeowners should consider suitable plants for their green wall, taking into account factors such as climate, lighting, and desired texture and appearance.

Title:

Content: Invite nature into your home by creating a verdant "living wall" display

Humans need plants to survive.

We eat them, drink them, use them as medicine, and even decorate with them in order to bring joy to our daily lives.

Once you start caring for a couple of houseplants, it's easy to spiral into an obsession with our magnificent, leafy friends. If your collection of 20-plus houseplants isn't enough to satiate your need for greenery in your home anymore, why not take it to the next level with a full-blown living wall?

Living walls, or vertical gardens as they're sometimes called, are made up of an array of live plants that are planted vertically and can range in size from just a few square feet to entire walls in large atrium spaces.

However, larger installations can cost upwards of $125-$225 per square foot of wall and aren't exactly feasible for renters or homeowners who are on a strict budget or have limited space.

While you can certainly contract a company to install a living wall in your home, there are also local and handcrafted options to consider depending on your budget, your lifestyle and what look you're going for.

click to enlarge
Chiana McInelly photo
Dominic Villareal in front of A Modern Plantsman's living wall display.

Dominic Villareal, the owner of A Modern Plantsman, weighed his own options when expanding his Colfax plant store to downtown Spokane in late 2021.

"My partner and I were scoping out the local plant scene, and we noticed immediately that there was a lack of living wall installations in Spokane," he says. "There are no plant stores or nurseries in the area that have one."

When Villareal secured the space for his shop on the main floor of the Hotel Indigo building, he began designing a plant wall that was eye-catching as well as functional for his customers. The plant wall, constructed by Villareal himself, features wooden shelves that are just deep enough to hide the pots that the plants reside in, giving it the appearance of a living wall.

"That's very doable for a home setting," he says. "You can take the pots off the shelf for easy watering and care."

Villareal recommends plants that trail for any DIY living wall project, but also says that including plants of different heights can give the wall a much more textured and varied appearance.

"Start with plants like pothos, heart leaf philodendrons and prayer plants," Villareal says. "Prayer plants specifically can deal with very low-light situations, which is perfect for a home installation. They'll disguise any nonnatural elements of the wall once they start to trail down."

Previous owner of Sage + Moss and seasoned houseplant parent Annecia Paulson recommends utilizing organic elements when creating your display for ease of watering and a more harmonious facade.

The most common way to do this is by creating mounted plant displays. Mounted plants are plants that have been affixed onto an object using moss or other organic materials.

"Creating mounted plants is actually a really easy process," she says. "You simply remove most of the dirt from the roots, place the plant on the piece of bark and then attach it using sphagnum moss and fishing line."

The upkeep and care of mounted plants lie in the choice of wood, Paulson says.

"Using cork bark is the best option — it's lightweight and naturally mold-resistant. Just soak the whole thing in water, let it drip dry and then hang it on your wall using Command hooks or string. Super simple," she says.

If the trial and error of diving in headfirst just isn't your thing, many area plant stores, including A Modern Plantsman, offer workshops on how to create mounted plants and products that can assist you in your journey to creating a living wall.

"We really try to act as a resource for people in the community," Villareal says. "We want to help people learn how to do these things. I've already gone through the trial and error of the projects that people attempt at home, so I'm happy to give people that knowledge." ♦

Lila Shaw Girvin: Gift of a Moment @ Northwest Museum of Arts & Culture

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About The Author

Madison Pearson

Madison Pearson is the Inlander's Listings Editor, managing the calendar of events and regularly contributing to the Arts & Culture section of the paper. She joined the staff in 2022 after graduating from Eastern Washington University.

Homeowners should consider suitable plants and different climates when choosing plants for their green wall, taking into account factors such as soil type, illumination, and plant compatibility.

Title:

Content: The flower bed of perennials: the rules of creation, beautiful plants and their combinations
19.05.2022
12 min.
Landscape design
Registration of the yard of a private house is a mandatory stage.
The same is true for dachas: the time when these areas were intended only for growing crops has long passed into oblivion.
Now part of any adjacent territory is occupied by flower beds: large or small, high or low.
Most owners prefer to create beds from perennials.
Such a living decor transforms the garden, pleases and inspires the owners throughout the season.
If you follow the rules of creating flower beds, know the features of the placement of plants, then you can get a flower bed with perennials that will bloom continuously.
However, before starting work, future designers will have to learn a lot of useful information, as well as get acquainted with the schemes of spectacular flower beds from perennials.
Flowers from perennials: their pros and cons
The popularity of such compositions has won rightfully, since the planting of perennial flower crops guarantees:
• decorative flower beds throughout the season;
• the ability to grow medicinal plants on the site;
• unpretentiousness of plants due to the ability to tolerate low temperatures;
• ease of care: with proper planting, weed control is minimized;
• savings: gardeners do not have to spend annually on seeds or buy seedlings;
• the chance to create a flower garden in almost any part of the site: perennials are not so capricious, so they can grow in the shade, on sandy soil, in the lowland, etc.
The most important advantage of such compositions is their dynamism due to the change of flowering plants.
For the beds of spectacular perennials is very interesting to watch.
This occupation is unlikely to bore anyone, because throughout the season the flower picture will constantly change.
A successful scheme of perennial flower beds makes it possible not to make adjustments to the order of planting crops for a long time.
On the other hand, such a flower garden can be diversified by bright annual plants.
Disadvantages of incredibly colorful compositions are difficult to find.
A relative disadvantage can be considered a reduced decorativeness of flower beds after planting.
The reason is understandable: first, the root system of plants develops intensively.
However, the next year, flower beds from perennials will amaze their owners with lush flowering.
Flower beds with perennials: the choice of suitable plants
When searching for ideal candidates, take into account the location of the site under the flower garden, as well as:
• type of soil;
• degree of illumination;
• compatibility of plants by color and type.
One of the main tasks for the creator of a flower bed of perennial flowers is the selection of candidates according to their preferences, since all plants in the flower garden should be comfortable.
For example, marshy soil is suitable for arunkus (volzhanka), calamus marsh and verbeinika, kaluzhnitsa, milkweed, garden chamomile (nivyanika) and yarrow.
Fertile land loves the bell, liatrice, lily, lupine, mallow.
Dry soil will not become a threat to gailardia, cloves, cosmea (Mexican aster), lavender, phlox, enotera.
Clay and loam will not be a problem for the growth and flowering of aquilegia (catchment), asters, daylilies, peonies and tulips.
The degree of illumination of flower beds with perennials is the second important factor.
Shadow and penumbra are suitable conditions for aquilegia, anemones, astilba, badan, geyhera (with dark foliage), lily of the valley, cuffs, primrose, as well as for ferns and host.
Sun-loving "pets" include:
• Adonis;
• helenium;
• heliopsis;
• Delphinium;
• Kniphofia;
• bell;
• lavender;
• lily and lily;
• monarch;
• chrysanthemum;
• rudbekiya;
• yarrow;
• meadow sage.
As for the compatibility of candidates, all selected plants must meet the requirements for soil, light, watering and nutrition.
Be sure to take into account the size of crops, and the speed of their growth.
They are also selected by color scheme.
In this case, the combination is chosen by the designer: the colors can be both contrasting and complementary.
Features of creating long-term compositions
The development of a flowerbed scheme and the creation of a flower garden of continuous flowering is equated with art, and for good reason.
When designing it, it is necessary to take into account how the composition will look in a certain period of time.
The ideal in this case is one - a flower bed that blooms throughout the summer: flowering plants replace those whose buds are just beginning to bloom.
Planning of flower beds from perennials begins after the completion of zoning of the territory.
When creating a living decoration, pay attention to several important points:
1.
Plants are selected for climatic conditions in the area.
All “residents ” of the flower beds should be comfortable.
2.
Complex relief makes it possible to correctly enter the flower garden, the lack of the site to turn into its dignity.
3.
Plants are better planted less often than usual.
If most seeds germinate, the crops can interfere with each other.
Not all flowers are suitable for the abundance of sun.
Those plants that love shade, it is better to plant in a flower garden next to the shrub, at the fence, etc.
Drawing up a plan and scheme of beds from perennials
Independent development of a flower garden from perennials is not an easy task, since sketches will require a lot.
The author needs to imagine and capture on paper what the flower bed will look like in each short period of time.
Ideally, it should be a month.
What can not be forgotten?
Beginner designers need to remember that some cultures after flowering do not look the best.
An example is bulbous varieties.
In order for the flower garden not to lose its attractiveness during this period, other plants should close the withering foliage.
Annual or biennial plants are considered as candidates for this role.
There is another important point - the impression that a composition should make.
The flower garden, located in the center of the site, must look spectacular from any angle.
The flowerbed, which is located at the fence or wall of the building, should be attractive to viewers who are in the house, or walking along the garden paths.
Candidates are selected for growth.
Plants should not block each other throughout the season.
Taking care of them is another important condition.
The ideal option is a flowerbed, allowing easy access to each culture.
Only in this case, watering, pruning or garter will not be a serious problem.
Tried, ready-made flower bed schemes
Creating a spectacular flower bed for a novice gardener often becomes an extremely difficult task.
Therefore, they can begin to study this art by good examples.
These can be called the following schemes of flower beds from perennials.
Types of flower beds from perennials
The first task of the site owners is to choose the shape, size and type of the future composition.
There are a lot of options to choose from.
Monoflower beds or monochrome flower beds
These are the simplest options for flowerbeds.
Monoflowerbeds - "monochromatic flower beds", which consist of only one species of plants, sometimes one variety.
Popular flowers for them are azaleas, asters, marigolds, irises, cannes, lavaters, daylilies, petunias and salvia.
A typical, self-sufficient mono-flowerbed is the rosary.
For it, you can use both monochrome and multicolored varieties of roses.
Monochrome decor is a flower bed in which there are cultures of the same color or shade.
Both compositions can have any shape.
The most popular are square, diamond-shaped, round and oval flower beds.
In a monochrome case, it is important to select plants so that the flower garden is decorative throughout the season.
Ringed
Such flower beds encircle an object or object.
Examples are wood, sculpture, gazebo, etc.
In this case, the cultures are planted traditionally, picking them up in height.
Inside the flower beds have the highest, on the outer radius - the shortest plants.
Carpet
This unusual and spectacular decor is characterized by a very dense landing.
Ideal candidates for carpet beds are dwarf plants that have multi-colored foliage.
Eligible candidates:
• dwarf (styloid) phlox;
• sourness (oxalis, clover of happiness);
• Alternator dust cover;
• obrieta (aubretia), stonecrops (sedum);
• sushenitsa (gnafalium), santolina.
Carpet flower beds from perennials are not the simplest decor, so it can be rarely seen in suburban areas.
Such compositions are very difficult to create, and caring for them is extremely time-consuming work, because a living carpet should always look impeccable.
Elevated
This is the name of flowers that rise above the surface of the earth.
Their height is 50-100 cm, width is a maximum of 150 cm. These parameters guarantee that the care of plants will not cause difficulties.
Elevated beds are universal.
They can be round and oval, square, rectangular, polygonal or multi-level.
Such flower beds are ideal for any place of the adjacent territory: the choice largely depends on the characteristics of a particular site.
Fences for "elevated compositions" are made of various materials.
The boxes are constructed from:
• stone, brick;
• concrete, concrete blocks;
• rods, logs, boards, rails;
• from metal mesh (gabions), etc.
For planting in flower beds, located in partial shade or in the shade, suitable ageratum, marigolds, verbena, lionfish, petunia and hosts.
Decorative cereals are often found in elevated flower beds.
Examples of effective “residents ”:
• gray fescue;
• giant grass;
• miscanthus (fan);
• blue prayer (blue cereal);
• evergreen sheep (helictotrichon);
• pennisetum (bristles bristles or shaggy);
• pampas grass (cortaderia).
Elevated compositions, framed by natural stones, can turn into an unusual alternative to rock gardens.
The role of emphasis in such flower beds is played by dwarf conifers - pine, spruce, juniper, yew, thuja.
To level the "severity" of the stone, low-growing alpine cultures are planted near the fence.
Upright
These are three-dimensional compositions that are created using a rigid frame.
Vases with flowers are fixed on it.
Such flower beds can be a voluminous figure, a screen or an arch.
Vertical flowers-walls are often used for zoning the site.
Floating
These are improvised islands that either drift along the water surface, or are constantly located in a certain place of the reservoir.
Such floating flower beds with perennials are not too difficult to create.
For planting plants, a light, floating base is used - a container with cells.
Among the possible candidates are structures made of wood, plastic or foam.
Before creating a box of lumber, all workpieces must be treated with water-repellent impregnation.
If ordinary containers are used, then small holes are drilled in the bottom first.
Then the container is covered with geotextile so that the covered soil remains in the floating flower garden.
Buoyancy such a bright island will be able to give mounting foam applied to the bottom, or several pieces of foam.
The most original option is the use of noodles (aquanoodles, "swimming sticks").
Plants with a surface root system, or moisture-loving crops, are planted in containers.
Potential "waterfowl" candidates for aqua beds:
• calamus marsh;
• astilba;
• geyhera;
• marsh iris;
• calla;
• reed;
• swimsuit;
• daylilies;
• bluegrass;
• sedge;
• furry;
• sundew;
• formium;
• host;
• jasnotka (deaf nettle).
To fix the floating flower bed in any place, a cable and an anchor are used.
To hide unattractive sides, they are decorated with moss, which easily tolerates high humidity.
A very unusual, spectacular solution - island flower beds decorated with LED lights.
Other types of living decor
Flower beds from perennials can have different sizes, shapes and area.
Living ornaments are of several types.
Mountain compositions
This category includes rock gardens and rockeries.
In such elements of landscape design take part lithophytes (petrophytes) and representatives of inanimate nature - stones.
The main role in rock gardens (alpine slides) is assigned to rock plants.
In the more gentle rockeries (stone gardens), they are only an addition to the composition of rocks.
Curbs
Ribbon flower beds are very narrow flower beds that become a bright frame for pedestrian and garden paths, for large flower beds, beds, etc. The best candidates for creating a "living border" are short, unpretentious and hardy perennials.
The classic parameters of such curb tapes: width - up to 50 cm, height - up to 40 cm.
Rabatki
These are “narrow flower beds or flower beds. ”
We have rabatki called rectangular long flower beds, or wide wavy ribbons.
They are broken along walls, fences or garden paths.
They can be unilateral and bilateral.
Plants in such a correct “bed ” are planted in a certain order, fragments of the pattern are more often repeated.
The maximum width is 3 m. Its length is at least 3 times the width, but this parameter is not limited.
Modular flower beds
Such clearly defined compositions consist of repeating sectors, each of them receives its own fence.
The advantages of modular decor are the possibility of combining annuals and perennials, shrubs, as well as the “participation ” of decorative crumbs (for example, marble or granite).
Each sector may be intended for only one variety of plants or decor.
The main disadvantage of such modular “paintings ” is the large area that they take away from the site.
Mixborders
"Mixed borders" are complex flower beds that consist of several rows and tiers.
They can be located at the house, at the fence, or in the center of the lawn.
Ornamental perennial plants in them guarantee continuous flowering from spring to autumn.
They are supplemented with annual and biennial cultures.
Symmetry, orderliness in the mixborder is not, their peculiarity is naturalness.
However, compliance with tiredness is mandatory.
In the background are the tallest plants, and low-growing flowers serve as a frame for them.
The space between “giants ” and“ dwarfs ” is given to medium-sized cultures.
"Lonely" solitaires
The simplest solution is to create a small, but spectacular flower-solitaire.
This decoration consists of only one ornamental plant.
These compositions are placed in the most prominent places of the sites so that they are perfectly visible from all sides.
This solution is chosen if you plan to create a flower bed in a small summer cottage, or in the garden, where there is not too much free space.
This option is likely to appeal to those owners who prefer conciseness and restraint in landscape design.
The role of the solitaire will be performed by trees, perennial tall applicants.
The “singles ” include:
• Arunkus (Volzhanka, Darmera);
• birch bark;
• violist;
• Veronica;
• Delphinium;
• canna;
• lupine;
• Malva;
• rodgersia;
• rudbekiya;
• cimicifuga (klopogon);
• peony;
• sconnik purple;
• phlox.
Other worthy candidates for a single flower garden are ornamental cereals and herbs.
For example, the adornment of the soloist is able to become a pink-flowered veinik, meadow foxtail, miscanthus, prayer, haired mulenbergia, sand elimus (pyreinik), mane barley.
Selection of plants
For beautiful beds of perennials, perennial, annual and biennial plants can be used.
Other popular candidates are herbaceous plants and ornamental cereals, which can become the main accent of the composition.
Cultures blooming in spring
These are usually bulbous plants.
The best option is those crops that do not require digging after flowering.
For decorating flower beds suitable gabranthus, crocuses, muscari (viper onions), daffodils, chionodox, cyclamen.
Tuber and rhizome perennials - anemone, brunner, kaluzhnitsa, frost, erantis (spring).
The decoration of the flower garden can be Veronica, irises, primrose, phlox styloid.
Plants that bloom in summer
The list of these colors is very extensive, so you can cite only a small part of the candidates.
Summer flowering plants include astilba, verbeiniki, cloves, bells, lilies and daylilies, nivyaniki, stonecakes and rudbekii.
It is impossible not to mention the bright annuals, without which no elegant flower bed can do.
The list includes alissum, amaranth and summer varieties of asters, marigolds, lobelia, nasturtium, petunias, zinnia.
Dilute perennial plants can and biennial: viola, cloves, mallow, daisies, digitalis.
Cultures blooming in autumn
At this time, there is no longer enough summer, bright colors, but autumn-flowering perennials are able to transform a faded garden.
Bright autumn, the owners will be presented with anemones (windmills), timeless, hirkan Dubrovnik, heleniums, dahlias, goldenrod, bloodsuckers, octyabrinki (perennial autumn asters), rudbekii, chrysanthemums and fuchsia, cymicifugi.
Flower beds from perennials are able to transform the garden, bring a sense of celebration and inspire the owners to "new feats".
About what flower beds you can decorate the territory, the following video will tell:
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Homeowners should consider the climate and lighting conditions when choosing plants for their green wall, selecting plants that thrive in similar conditions.

Homeowners should consider factors like climate, soil, light, watering, and nutrition when choosing plants for their green wall, and select plants that are compatible with each other and the wall's conditions.

When choosing plants for a green wall, homeowners should consider the climate and select plants that are suitable for the conditions, ensuring the plants are comfortable and thrive.

Green walls can reduce indoor temperature by approximately 1.8 degrees Celsius, as indicated by study results mentioned in the source document.

A green wall provides the aesthetic benefit of beautification by inviting nature into a home and creating a verdant display.

A green wall provides the aesthetic benefit of beautification, giving a space a living and textured appearance.

A green wall provides the aesthetic benefit of beautification, as implied by the use of organic elements and mounted plant displays to create a harmonious facade.

A green wall provides the aesthetic benefit of beautification, enhancing the visual appeal of a space and improving the quality of life.

A green wall provides the aesthetic benefit of beautification, transforming spaces into small oases.

For a green wall, suitable plants include pothos, heart leaf philodendrons, and prayer plants, which can thrive in various light conditions, making them versatile for different climates.

"Suitable plants for green walls include lily bamboo, firecracker red, Yunnan yellow carnation, turtle, Boston kidney fern, hydrangea, African pansy or panthera, which can be selected based on space planning and installation requirements."

"Plants that can thrive in a variety of soil types and illumination levels may be suitable for green walls in different climates, including arunkus, calamus, verbeinika, kaluzhnitsa, milkweed, and others."

"Dwarf phlox, oxalis, alternator dust cover, obrieta, stonecrops, and santolina are potential plant species for green walls due to their compact growth habits and decorative foliage."

"The choice of plants for green walls depends on the climate and region, and using local flora can be a suitable option."

Title:

Content: The combination of nature and metropolis: in China built a tower with a “vertical forest ”
2 min
In the Chinese Huangan (Hubei province) completed two of the five towers of the residential complex with a “vertical forest ”.
A couple of weeks ago, people started moving in here.
According to Dezeen, the two residential towers of the complex have a height of 80 meters and are covered with more than 400 trees, as well as other plants and greenery.
The building was designed by the Italian studio Stefano Boeri Architetti.
The architects designed the object so that the foliage on the balconies fit perfectly into the design of the facade.
Studio founder Stefano Boeri said that this version of the towers is characterized by the presence of opening bay windows with indoor plants.
Thus, residents will be able to enjoy the environment of nature, being in the urban space.
The studio used the vegetation of the local flora, using about 400 species of trees.
Among them are Ginkgo biloba, Osmanthus fragrans, Acer griseum, Ligustrum lucidum and Chimonanthus praecox.
Also on the facade "grow" 4620 bushes and various herbs in an area of 2.4 thousand square meters.
According to the developers of the project, this amount of greens will be able to absorb 22 tons of carbon dioxide per year and produce oxygen in return.
According to the architect, China has recently seen a trend of greening cities, which allows more to absorb dust, which is one of the main factors of air pollution in cities.
Easyhome Huanggang Vertical Forest City Complex is the first vertical complex to open in China, and Boeri believes such buildings could be particularly suitable for the country.
As reported by NERUHOMI, the first part of the multifunctional complex was opened in Shanghai before the New Year, the authors of the project of which were inspired by the Hanging Gardens of Semiramis from Babylon.
Author:
Vladimir Grishenko
Journalist / Editor
Education – graduated from Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Institute of Journalism.
I have been working in the profession for more than 15 years.
My favorite topics are economics and politics, I understand cryptocurrencies and markets, I am interested in real estate.
On the resource NERUKHOMI since May 2020.
All articles by the author
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The type of plants recommended for a vertical garden are low-maintenance plants, which can thrive in a controlled environment with sensors monitoring their hydration and nutrient levels.

Low-maintenance plants are recommended for vertical gardens, as they can ensure the long-term operation of the landscape.

For a vertical garden, it's recommended to use low-maintenance plants that can thrive in the given environment and require less upkeep.

Low-maintenance plants are recommended for vertical gardens, as they are easy to care for and can thrive in vertical wall planters.

The recommended plants for a vertical garden are low-maintenance and can survive in a tropical climate.

"Customized landscape designs can adapt to the local climate by making adjustments to the layout, considering factors such as soil type and groundwater level, to create functional and sustainable outdoor spaces."

Title:

Content: How to equip the territory around a private house: "helpers" and solutions
18.05.2023
10 min.
Adjacent territory
All “freshly baked ” and even“ experienced ” owners of suburban housing have to think about the question of how to equip the territory around a private house.
The task before them is not easy, because its design depends on what impression will make the main building and the site as a whole.
Successful landscape design of the yard of a private house will not only make possession respectable, but will also be able to turn it into the most comfortable place, a real pride of the owners.
However, before getting down to business, future designers need to get acquainted with the rules of decorating the adjacent territory, with the decorative elements used and with interesting ideas.
Landscaping and landscape design
It seems that these are synonyms, but it is not quite so.
The improvement of the site implies only technical work.
These include paving paths and sites, the construction and installation of a fence, gates, as well as preliminary preparation of the territory (drainage, communications, landscaping, etc.).
Landscape design is a more complex project, so it requires more serious costs.
In this case, we can talk about creativity, since the author has to choose a lot of plants, pavements, and various decorative elements.
Usually, the improvement of the adjacent territory is the prerogative of the engineer, and the landscape design is engaged in a designer or architect.
However, if the entire front of the work is going to be performed by the owners of the suburban area, then they should become "masters of all trades".
And in this case, the task before them is almost impossible.
Yes, if the territory is not very large, then they are quite able to cope on their own.
Almost “boundless space ” and many different ideas are a good reason to invite specialists.
Making the yard of a private house with his own hands: large elements-assistants
Those who have just completed the construction of the house, the most difficult, as they have yet to decide what to be on their site.
In this case, you need to get acquainted with the elements that will help make the pastime of the owners pleasant, and the rest complete.
The list of worthy candidates can include:
• gazebo, ideal option - a structure with any hearth and furniture for eating, it can be open or closed;
• canopy, which often turns into a comfortable summer kitchen, and "part-time" - in the dining room in the fresh air;
• swimming pool: it can also be open or closed, protected by a simple canopy, an “advanced ” pavilion, etc.
For families with small children, the best option would be an adjacent territory with a playground.
Possible elements:
• slides;
• carousels;
• rocking chairs;
• swing;
• sandboxes;
• suspended bridges, etc.
Multifunctional complex "for parents' rest" can be bought, and you can make such a saving design yourself.
In a small homemade area can enter a slide, swing, sandbox and horizontal bar.
Landscaping and landscaping of the territory in front of a private house: sequence
To imagine what work “waits ” for them ahead, future designers need to get acquainted with its stages.
There are a lot of them:
• cleaning of the house and territory after construction (repair);
• its zoning, construction of auxiliary facilities (gazebo, swimming pool, pond, fence, etc.);
• creation of garden paths, sites (paving stones, paving slabs,
• rubber coating for playgrounds);
• acquisition and delivery of fertile land, sand, gravel and fertilizers, the creation of a drainage system for the site;
• planting large plants and assembling decorative structures for gardening (arches, hedges, pergolas, trellis);
• creation of a lawn, flower beds (flower beds, rock gardens, rockeries, mixborders, etc.), planting stunted trees and shrubs.
The last stages are the design of children ’ s and / or sports grounds, recreation areas, installation of lighting devices and decorative elements.
Improvement of the territory of a private house: the first steps
It is not necessary to be a designer to create a paradise on earth in miniature.
In search of inspiration and good examples, you can:
• find special literature on the improvement of the territory at a private house;
• watch on TV programs dedicated to the landscape design of the adjacent territory.
Finally, you can just go to the Internet to find very successful, cute solutions that can be transferred to “your own soil ”.
Designing
From which side to approach the arrangement of the adjacent territory of a private house?
This question is not idle, because many owners do not even have an idea of   where to start such large-scale work.
The answer is simple: the first mandatory stage in almost any business is the preparation of a plan, a project.
In this case, its authors take into account several factors:
• relief of the territory;
• size and configuration of the site;
• availability of buildings, sites, pedestrian zones;
• location of the house and other buildings, trees, shrubs, etc.
To a greater extent, the choice of design option depends on the relief of the adjacent territory.
Not very serious drops will give a chance to relatively "painless" and quickly level the surface.
Otherwise, serious costs cannot be avoided.
A possible way out in such a situation is the creation of terraces with the help of retaining walls, stairs, etc.
These elements are often constructed of stone (gabions) or brick.
A large house area makes it possible to make real everything that its owners want to see at home.
And on the contrary: a modest plot is a reason to choose only what is extremely necessary for the family, but in this case, the owners have several solutions.
Adjustments to the layout can make the type of soil and too high level of groundwater.
The fact is that such a problem area may require an effective drainage system.
The adjacent territory should not only please the eye, but also be functional, as convenient and “friendly ” as possible, and for all family members without exception.
Therefore, when planning a yard near a private house, they are always interested in the opinion of each household and, if possible, take into account all his wishes.
Functions of the adjacent territory
First of all, the authors need to determine exactly which zones will be more attractive to all family members.
There are several potential options.
The owners can consider the following “candidates ”:
1.
Recreation area.
Most often it is located near a natural or artificial reservoir.
There is often installed a barbecue (barbecue, grill, simple brazier, etc.).
2.
Area given to plants.
Potential residents of the site are fruit trees, berry shrubs, thermophilic crops (greenhouse) or flowers (greenhouse).
3.
Areas designed for active recreation.
Here you can rightfully include the pool (inflatable, frame, concrete, brick, block), sports and children's playground.
In order to maximize the improvement of the territory around the private house, many owners build extensions to the main building.
Some owners prefer open verandas, others - terraces.
The latter objects can be located separately, away from the house: for example, on a natural elevation.
Possible location of zones
Even in a spacious adjacent territory, there may not be enough space for everything that the owners would like to build or equip.
In this case, there are several exits:
1.
If there is a lack of space in the suburban area, then several zones can be combined.
For example, a recreation area may be located next to fruit trees.
It can turn into a dining room.
2.
Veranda, terrace - structures that by default become landscaped places, under or without a roof.
However, some functions can take on even a relatively spacious porch.
There you can arrange a small recreation area.
The third potential option is very compact functional areas.
Potential elements of improvement of the territory of a private house
There is a lot of such decor, but it should be noted only those “man-made creatures ” that can be found in almost any area:
1.
A variety of compositions and decorations from plants - flower beds, hedges, pergolas, etc.
2.
Garden paths, paths.
They can be considered as separate decorative elements, but they are also demarcators of different areas of the yard.
For their improvement, natural stones and paving slabs (paving stones), pebbles, small gravel are used.
The most short-lived option would be a path made of tree cuts.
Not very tall plants are often used to fence pedestrian zones.
Other popular elements of landscape design include arches, swings, small fountains, fences, garden furniture, ceramic products for growing plants and garden figures.
Separately, it is necessary to mention the lighting devices that transform the adjacent territory in the dark.
They help to highlight its functional areas, paths and paths.
Autonomous LED lights become an ideal illumination for plants, decorative elements, fountains and ponds.
What should be on the site plan?
When working on the layout of the territory of a private house, the sketch must note:
• all buildings on the site, including those that are attached to the building;
• capital pools, which will require laying of pipes;
• compositions of plants and stones (rock gardens, rockeries);
• natural or artificial reservoirs (ponds);
• places for planting shrubs and trees;
• garden paths and platforms;
• places for future beds.
The plan should be marked fences, lighting and decorative elements.
Design stages
A beautiful adjacent territory in the future almost guarantees an appeal to professionals.
On the other hand, only the owners can take into account every detail, create a unique ensemble, make it as convenient, unique, non-standard.
Development of a design project of a suburban area consists of several stages:
1.
First of all, the plan is applied to those objects that are already available "in real".
Then add all the elements that the owners only plan to build.
First they mark the main building, then additional buildings.
It is a bath, swimming pool, gazebo, garage, greenhouse, terrace, etc.
2.
If the recreation area does not yet exist, then the central part of the adjacent territory is more often chosen for it.
However, a large area makes it possible to arrange it at a distance from the house: for example, in the shade of trees, near the (future) reservoir, at the maximum distance from the entrance gate.
3.
After the completion of these stages, they proceed to the definition of territories that will be given for planting, and places for an artificial reservoir.
Since we are talking about flower beds, in this case it is necessary to take into account that plants need certain conditions (light or shadow, protection from strong wind, etc.).
The swimming pool will require communications.
Last of all, they are developing a lighting project for the site.
The main objects include the entrance to the house (porch, veranda, terrace), garage gate.
In addition, often illuminate decorative elements, spectacular trees, stairs and paths.
Registration of the adjacent territory of a private house
In this case, there are quite a few ways.
Without some "decorators" does not do any suburban area, others are less common.
Live jewelry
Landscaping of the adjacent territory is considered one of the most important stages of its improvement.
Different types of plants are used for it - trees and various shrubs, flowers, ornamental cereals, etc. Possible decorations of the site - numerous spectacular flower beds, hedges, lawns, etc.
The most attractive for most owners engaged in gardening of the garden are spectacular "many-sided" flower beds, elevated alpine slides and more concise, high and strict stone gardens.
When decorating the territory with plants, be sure to pay attention to the combination of their colors, the height and flowering period.
In addition, several other important features of cultures are taken into account.
This is the period of their life (annual, biennial, perennial), thermophilicity or the ability to withstand the cold in winter, as well as the requirements for the conditions for growth and development - to the place (sun, shade), watering, soil, etc.
Varieties of flower beds
There are a lot of such compositions.
Among the popular applicants:
• Alpine slides and rockeries (stone gardens);
• monoflowerbeds (one culture, the color can be different);
• monochrome flower beds (different flowers, inflorescences of the same color or one, close shade).
Other popular varieties of living decor are arabesques, borders, rabatki, mixborders and modular flower beds that require a relatively large area.
Possible green decor
In landscape design, various decorative containers are actively used - cones, cubes, vases and flowerpots.
For “life ” they are suitable:
• conifers (their dwarf varieties);
• thermophilic plants (brugmansia, camellia, citrus fruits);
• various herbs (lavender, marjoram and thyme, rosemary, savory).
Recently, vertical gardening is gaining popularity.
This is the name of a composition consisting of a supporting element and plants.
The support for such a spectacular decoration can be an arch, a fence, a grid, a wall, a column, a grid, a trellis and even a dry tree.
More often, climbing plants are used for these structures.
The same type of living decoration includes hanging compositions, for which various containers are used (vases, pipes, containers).
Potential crops for vertical gardening:
• Actinidia colomicta and grapes (Amur, maiden);
• sweet peas and caprifol (honeysuckle), clematis;
• Chinese lemongrass, nasturtium and climbing rose;
• pumpkin and beans (decorative), hops ordinary.
Plants can be annual or perennial.
The optimal solution is considered a combination of these cultures, since annuals make a variety, bloom lush, bright and relatively long.
If there is a natural or artificial reservoir on the site, then moisture-loving plants are often planted on its banks.
The frame for it can be astilba, brunner, mountain snake (snake), darmera, verbeinik, garden geranium, creeping zhivuchka, marsh kaluzhnitsa, Siberian iris, sedge, fern or host.
Organization of places for rest
It must be said that this zone is one of the most important zones that makes rest pleasant, relaxing, useful.
And in this case, the leaders of sympathy are several applicants.
Arbor
Such small but functional buildings can be open or closed.
The first structures are used only in the warm season, the second can serve the owners all year round.
Some gazebos have a rather modest size, they are designed for 5-6 people.
Other buildings can accommodate up to 18-20 vacationers.
Inside each structure there are chairs (benches) and a table.
Mangal zone
The most popular option is a protected hearth located under a canopy or in a gazebo.
However, there are also “fire zones ” left under the open sky.
To ensure the safety of holidaymakers, the space near the grill (grill, barbecue, stove) laid out non-combustible material.
To protect the floor, paving, porcelain tiles are often used, for walls - brick, clinker (terracotta) tiles, etc. As a rule, any focus is located at a considerable distance from trees and shrubs.
Water objects
Swimming pools are built or purchased for recreation on hot days.
Small reservoirs (ponds, fountains, waterfalls) give a chance to find "reservoirs" in miniature, even in areas of modest area.
They can be an ornament, but any water source can solve several problems.
Water bodies increase the humidity of the air, level (visually) not quite perfect relief, and also serve as drainage with excess moisture in the area.
Swings
This attribute of country life is no less popular.
Garden swing can be seen in almost every area.
They allow you to relax, read or sleep comfortably.
Such designs are easiest to buy, but they can be assembled with their own hands.
No doubt, on how to equip the territory around a private house, no one will tell better than someone who has been doing it for a long time.
For example, a useful and very informative guide can be the following popular video:
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How to arrange the area around a private house

Customized landscape designs adapt to the local climate by considering factors such as soil type, illumination, and plant compatibility.

Customized landscape designs, such as the one used in the Hing Neutral Parking Lot, can adapt to the local climate by incorporating greening concepts that provide environmental benefits.

Vertical green walls can reduce indoor temperature by 1.8 ℃.

Vertical gardens provide the environmental benefit of improving air quality.

"Vertical gardens provide environmental benefits by improving air quality through the reduction of pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide, suspended particulates, and ozone."

Vertical gardens can improve air quality by absorbing carbon dioxide and emitting oxygen, making them a beneficial addition to urban environments.

Vertical gardens provide environmental benefits, including improving air quality by purifying the air.

"Vertical gardens improve air quality by purifying the air and cooling down the temperature, as evident from the example of the school in Chiayi City that installed a green wall."

Green walls can help regulate temperature by reducing the heat island effect.

Indoor green walls can help regulate temperature, which in turn saves energy costs for cooling indoor spaces.

Indoor green walls can help regulate temperature, which is a practical benefit.

Indoor green walls can help regulate temperature, in addition to purifying the air, making them a practical choice for indoor spaces.

Indoor green walls have a practical benefit of temperature regulation, as they can reduce indoor temperature by about 1.8 ℃.

Vertical greenization, such as vertical gardens, can help reduce the urban heat island effect, which is a significant environmental benefit.

Vertical greenization achieves the environmental benefit of reducing the urban heat island effect by cooling down the temperature.

"Vertical greenization achieves the environmental benefit of reducing the urban heat island effect by lowering temperatures and providing a natural cooling effect, as evidenced by the reduction of wall temperature in residential buildings."

Vertical greenization can help reduce the urban heat island effect, creating a cooler and more comfortable environment.

Vertical greenization can help reduce the urban heat island effect by lowering the temperature of exposed walls and creating a cooler environment.

Indoor green walls have a positive impact on mental health.

Pothos, heart leaf philodendrons, and prayer plants are suitable for green walls in low-light situations.

Green wall structures can be made of various materials, including arches, fences, grids, walls, columns, trellises, and even dry trees.

Green wall structures can be made of various materials, including wood, plastic, and foam.

"Green wall structures can be made from a variety of materials, including recycled items and PVC pipes, offering flexibility in design and construction."

Title:

Content: Categories: Articles, Crop productionPublished On: 13th October 2023

Hobby or small-holder farmers: Vertical farming may be the way to go

By 7 min read

aquaculture-5990470_1280

Stackable planters can be purchased from local hardware or nursery suppliers to create your own vertical farm.

The need to optimise farming and improve yields on small plots of land is increasingly important. Due to challenges of water scarcity, limited arable land and high inputs costs, innovative solutions such as vertical farming can help to overcome these struggles.

Vertical farming is an approach whereby farmers cultivate certain crops vertically in stacked layers, in order to maximise space and increase yields. This is usually achieved by planting these crops in containers, structures, or stackable pots.

Most often, these structures incorporate aquaponics, hydroponics or aeroponic techniques. All of these are methods used in controlled environments, with various factors such as the water flow, lighting control, temperature, and substrate controlled by the farmer, unlike traditional farming practices.

Vertical farming has many benefits

The most obvious benefit of vertical farming is maximised land use. This method allows farmers to grow more crops in a smaller footprint, making it ideal for areas with limited land availability. But there are other benefits too:

Production throughout the year: Since the environment of vertical farms are more controlled, it is possible to cultivate a crop more than once a year, or to ensure that you have a consistent yield throughout the year – depending on the crop type of course. Any seasonal constraints are removed and production is more efficient.

Water conservation: Less water is used in these systems.with only the precise amount of water needed to provide the plants with sustenance. Where farms are located in greenhouses or indoors, less evaporation also occurs.

Low environmental impact: When less space is needed to grow more food, there is a lower impact on the environment. Less natural vegetation needs to be cleared to accommodate soil based farming.

Improved control over growing conditions: When coupled with greenhouse systems, factors such as light intensity, temperature and humidity can be regulated. However, the plants are more dependent on the farmer to provide nutrients as there is little to no soil used as a substrate. Farmers can exercise strict control over when which fertilisers are used.

How to start a vertical farm

If you are looking to start a vertical farm, you need to first allocate space. You will need a space to put up the vertical structures where it has ample natural light, and where the structures can be safe from animals. People often want to put vertical gardens in warehouses and storerooms, but it is very costly to provide enough artificial lighting to try and make up for the lack of sunlight.

If you plan on adding ventilation to a greenhouse, temperature control systems or any other high tech additions, remember to consider access to electricity or solar power. If solar is your choice, take note the for every hectare of artificial lighting you may need up to five hectares of solar panels to provide enough electricity.

There also needs to be a space where you can add drainage so access water can drain from your vertical farm.

Next, you will need to look at the crops you would like to grow as this will determine  your growing method.

Structures for vertical farming:

Vertical wall gardens

Vertical wall gardens are one of the simplest and most cost-effective ways to start vertical farming in cities where you have walls, and limited horisontal space. You can use recycled materials such as old pallets, wooden crates, or plastic bottles as planting containers. These containers can be attached to a vertical frame or wall, creating a vertical garden. This method is excellent for growing herbs, small vegetables, and even certain fruits like strawberries.

Tower gardens

Tower gardens are vertical systems that allow plants to grow in stacked layers. PVC pipes can be used to create vertical planting towers. Plants are placed in holes drilled into the pipes, and a water and nutrient solution is circulated through the system. PVC pipes are relatively inexpensive and can be found at local hardware stores. Tower gardens are suitable for growing a variety of leafy greens and herbs.

Hanging gardens

Hanging gardens are an excellent option for small spaces. You can use hanging pots, recycled containers, or even fabric pouches attached to a frame or railing. These hanging containers can be filled with a lightweight growing medium and used for cultivating herbs, lettuce, and other compact crops. Hanging gardens utilise vertical space effectively and are relatively low-cost to set up.

Hydroponic systems

Hydroponic systems, where plants are grown in water without soil, can be affordable if you opt for a simple DIY setup. You can create a basic raft system using foam boards floating on a nutrient solution. Alternatively, a wick system, where a wick draws nutrient solution from a reservoir to the plants, is inexpensive and easy to set up. These DIY hydroponic systems are suitable for growing various vegetables and herbs.

Shelve system

As the name suggests, shelves are used to create rows of vertical gardens. Similar to wall- or hanging gardens, containers with substrate is used keep the plants in. Pots or trays are stacked on the shelves in a tray of water, or is connected to driplines that provide the plants with water.

A wall garden constructed with PVC pipe. (Source: Pixabay)

Planting a (vertical) garden and watching it grow

Some crops are not compatible with vertical systems – do not try to plant maize or pumpkins in this system. But there are still a multitude of other crops that can be used. Here are a few you can research:

  1. Herbs:

Herbs such as basil, cilantro, mint, thyme, and parsley are vital flavours that are in constant demand. They require relatively little space and grow well in vertical systems. Additionally, herbs are high-value crops because they have a quick turnover, allowing for multiple harvests throughout the year.

  1. Salad greens

Leafy greens like lettuce, spinach, arugula, and kale are popular choices for vertical farming. They are not only nutritious but also have a short growth cycle, making them ideal for continuous harvesting. Salad greens are versatile and are used in various culinary dishes, making them high in demand and a profitable choice for vertical farms.

  1. Microgreens

Microgreens are young edible plants harvested at an early stage. They are incredibly popular in high-end restaurants and farmer’s markets due to their intense flavour and high nutritional content. Microgreens can include varieties like radishes, mustard greens, and pea shoots. Despite their small size, microgreens are considered high-value crops because they can be sold at a premium price.

  1. Strawberries

Strawberries are a popular fruit that can be grown vertically in towers or hanging systems. They have a relatively high market price and are favoured by consumers for their sweetness and freshness. Vertical farming allows for efficient use of space, making it possible to grow a significant quantity of strawberries in a small area.

  1. Gourmet mushrooms

Gourmet mushrooms such as oyster mushrooms, shiitake, and maitake have gained popularity in culinary circles. They can be grown vertically in specially designed containers or shelves. Mushrooms have a relatively high market price, making them a profitable choice for vertical farms.

When choosing high-value crops for your vertical farming system, consider the local market demand, climate suitability, and your expertise in cultivating specific crops. Conduct market research and engage with local chefs, restaurants, and grocery stores to understand their requirements and preferences. By selecting the right combination of high-value crops, you can optimise your vertical farm’s profitability and contribute to the sustainable growth of your agricultural venture.

Shelves can also be used to create vertical gardens. (Source: Vecteezy)

For emerging farmers in sub-Saharan countries, vertical farming represents a pathway to overcome traditional agricultural challenges and create a more sustainable, efficient, and profitable farming enterprise. By harnessing the benefits of vertical farming, these farmers can contribute significantly to the local economy, local supply chain and food security.

J.M. and Marsh, J. (2022) How Africa can develop its own version of Vertical Farming, Agrilinks. Available at: https://agrilinks.org/post/how-africa-can-develop-its-own-version-vertical-farming

Vertical farming in Africa with Tower Farms (2022) Agrotonomy. Available at: https://agrotonomy.com/vertical-farming-in-africa-with-tower-farms/

Vertical Farming South Africa: 4 companies making a big impact (2022) Indoor Grow Farmer. Available at: https://indoorgrowfarmer.com/vertical-farming-south-africa/#:~:text=Vertical%20farming%20in%20South%20Africa,conditions%20to%20accommodate%20vertical%20farming.

B.Bugbee (2015) Why vertical farming won’t save the planet. www.youtube.com/watch?v=ISAKc9gpGjw&feature=youtu.be

Deel hierdie artikel.

Green wall structures can be made of various materials, including PVC pipe.

Green wall structures can be made of various materials, including plants, flowers, trees, steel, and cement, to create a sustainable and environmentally friendly building environment.