The European Union and corporations like KoBold Metals and Bluejay Mining have expressed interest in extracting rare earth minerals in Greenland, which has vast natural wealth and 25 of the 34 critical raw materials identified by the Commission.

The European Union and certain corporations have expressed interest in extracting rare earth minerals in Greenland, with the EU signing a Memorandum of Understanding to develop sustainable projects and raw materials value chains.

"Corporations and countries, including the European Union, KoBold Metals, and Bluejay Mining, have shown interest in extracting rare earth minerals in Greenland, with support from the National Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland."

"KoBold Metals and Bluejay Mining are two companies that have expressed interest in extracting rare earth minerals in Greenland, with a $15 million investment to find materials for electric vehicles."

"KoBold Metals and Bluejay Mining are jointly searching for rare earth minerals in Greenland, with a focus on nickel, copper, cobalt, and platinum used in electric vehicles, as part of the Disko-Nuussuaq project."

"Greenland is estimated to have significant rare earth mineral deposits, with 25 of the 34 critical raw materials important for European industry and green transformation found in the country."

"Significant rare earth mineral deposits are estimated to be located in central western Greenland, among other places, and companies such as Greenland Minerals & Energy are involved in the industry."

"Significant rare earth mineral deposits are estimated to be located in central western Greenland, the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Western Australia, and the Sulima-West-Deposit, with companies like Kobold Metals exploring and extracting these minerals in regions like Western Australia."

Significant rare earth mineral deposits are estimated to be located in Central western Greenland, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Western Australia, and Sulima-West-Deposit, with companies like Kobold Metals and Bluejay investing in exploration and extraction efforts in Greenland.

Rare earth mineral deposits have been found in Greenland, specifically in Kwane Bay, and there is a high demand for these minerals due to the EU's reliance on imports.

"A significant discovery of over 1 million tonnes of rare earth metals has been made by LKAB in Lapland, Sweden, which could impact the supply of these crucial components for electronics and clean energy technology in Europe."

"LKAB discovered 1 million tonnes of rare earth metals in Lapland, which could be a significant building block for Europe's supply."

"A significant discovery of over 1 million tons of rare earth metals has been made by LKAB in Lapland, Sweden, which could impact the global supply and trade security for these crucial components used in electronics and clean energy."

"A Swedish mining company has discovered rare earth deposits in the far north of the country, estimated to contain 585 million tons of ore, which could be a significant factor in the production of electric vehicles and wind turbines."

A rare earth mineral discovery in Sweden is estimated to contain over 1 million tons of rare earth oxides, according to the state-owned mining company Luosa-Kiruna Mountain.

"A discovery of over 1 million tons of rare earth metals has been made in Sweden, which could be significant for Western consumers and provide a boost to Europe's hunt for trade security."

AEX Gold is a corporation involved in Greenland's mineral development, with a focus on exploring and extracting gold and other minerals in the region.

"Greenland Technologies Holding Corp. and AEX Gold are corporations involved in Greenland's mineral development, with Greenland Technologies Holding Corp. creating and selling heavy, industrial equipment for commercial production."

"Greenland Technologies Holding Corp. is involved in Greenland's mineral development through its development and manufacturing of drivetrain systems for the mining industry."

Greenland Technologies is a corporation involved in Greenland's mineral development, which may include rare earth minerals.

AEX Gold is a corporation involved in Greenland's mineral development, specifically through a new gold mining project.

The Norwegian government has informed the European Commission, specifically Ursula von der Leyen, about their mining plans to avoid misunderstandings.

China holds 36.67% of the world's rare earth reserves.

China holds approximately 30% of global rare earth reserves.

Tanbreez Mining has been granted permission to extract rare earth minerals in Greenland, with production slated to begin in 2024, and the mine is estimated to contain over half of the world's rare earth resources.

Vital Metals is developing the Tardiff deposit.

Vital Metals is developing the Tardiff deposit.

Vital Metals is developing the Tardiff deposit at Nechalacho.

Shenghe Resources Holding, a Chinese corporation, has expressed interest in Greenland's rare earth minerals through its subsidiary Greenland Minerals.

The United States and China are significant players in the Global Rare Earth Elements Market, with China currently dominating the scene and the United States having a critical mineral strategy in place.

"The United States and China are significant players in the Global Rare Earth Elements Market."

China and the United States are significant players in the Global Rare Earth Elements Market due to their large production and reserves of rare earth elements.

The United States and China are significant players in the Global Rare Earth Elements Market, with China currently holding a near-monopoly and the US having historically been a major supplier.

China and the United States are significant players in the Global Rare Earth Elements Market, with China dominating the market in terms of mining and processing volume.

"Greenland's attractive mining environment is due to its favourable legal framework, making it an appealing location for mining businesses, including those interested in rare earth minerals."

Greenland's favourable legal framework and supportive government make it an attractive location for mining businesses, particularly for gold exploration.

China's new regulations on rare earth supplies will come into effect on October 1, but the provided information does not address the investor's questions about Greenland's rare earth minerals.

Mosaic, a phosphate mining company, is funding research on extracting rare earth elements from phosphate ore.

Mosaic, a phosphate mining company, is funding research on extracting rare earth elements from phosphate ore, which could contribute to domestic supply in the United States.

Brazilian Rare Earths Limited is a company interested in extracting rare earth minerals, with ongoing projects in rare earth provinces.

Naja Nathanielsen, the Minister of Business, Trade, Mineral Resources, Justice and Gender Equality, signed the memorandum of understanding on behalf of Greenland.

KoBold Metals and BHP will conduct their metal search in western Australia.

KoBold Metals and BHP are partnering to search for metals in Australia, which will potentially be used in Tesla car batteries.

The European Union and corporations like KoBold Metals and Bluejay Mining have expressed interest in extracting rare earth minerals in Greenland, which has vast natural wealth and 25 of the 34 critical raw materials identified by the Commission.

Title:

Content: Friday 01 December 2023
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
Abdurrahim Ali
Editor-in-Chief
Dalia Abdul Rahim
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editorial Board
Abdurrahim Ali
Editor-in-Chief
Dalia Abdul Rahim
The world.
EU and Greenland sign strategic partnership on raw material value chains
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The European Union has signed a memorandum of understanding with the Government of Greenland in Brussels to establish a strategic partnership to develop sustainable raw material value chains.
Greenland ’ s vast natural wealth is a key asset for reaping the benefits of global value chains, as it seeks to diversify its economy in a sustainable way, while 25 of the 34 critical raw materials identified by the Commission as strategically important for European industry and green transformation can be found in Greenland.
The Executive Vice President of the European Green Deal, Enterprise Relations and Foresight of the European Commission, Maros Sivčović, signed the Memorandum of Understanding with the Government of Greenland represented by the Minister of Business, Trade, Mineral Resources, Justice and Gender Equality, Naga Nathanelsen.
The signing of the MoU will contribute to the development of sustainable projects along the raw materials value chains and the deployment of the necessary infrastructure for their development.
The MoU provides for close cooperation between Greenland and the EU in five important areas; among which is the development of economic and industrial integration of the value chains of vital raw materials and other raw materials.
This includes networking, joint project development, creating and promoting new business models, attracting investments, supporting access to finance, facilitating business linkages, developing and integrating support for economic diversification and ensuring the smooth functioning and resilience of value chains.
Foster collaboration to leverage high environmental, social and international governance (ESG) standards, to ensure that Greenland ’ s mineral sector serves as a lever for sustainable and inclusive economic growth while creating local and local value.
This includes the sustainable exploitation of mineral resources in close dialogue with the Greenland community of individuals, organisations, institutions and other stakeholders, taking fully into account the unique nature of Greenland ’ s pristine lands and applying high environmental, social and governance standards set out in legislation, conventions, guidelines and best practices.
Deploy the infrastructure needed to develop raw material value chains.
This includes taking into account the specificities of Greenland's transport and energy infrastructure needs, taking into account Arctic or sub-Arctic conditions, and supporting the mobilization of funding for such infrastructure.
Capacity building and skills development along raw material value chains.
This includes developing skills at all levels in the raw materials industry and wider society.
Greenland is eligible to participate in the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation and provides Earth observation data thanks to the European Copernicus Satellite Programme which offers promising opportunities related to mineral exploration, sediment mapping and mining monitoring including waste management and environmental impact monitoring.
according to the statement.

The European Union and certain corporations have expressed interest in extracting rare earth minerals in Greenland, with the EU signing a Memorandum of Understanding to develop sustainable projects and raw materials value chains.

"Corporations and countries, including the European Union, KoBold Metals, and Bluejay Mining, have shown interest in extracting rare earth minerals in Greenland, with support from the National Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland."

"KoBold Metals and Bluejay Mining are two companies that have expressed interest in extracting rare earth minerals in Greenland, with a $15 million investment to find materials for electric vehicles."

Title:

Content: Gates, Bezos-backed AI startup looking for metal, expected to be used in Tesla car batteries
2021 / 9 / 12 13: 29: 46 Source: NetEase Technology Author: Yang Shengzhong Editor: Jiang Ge
On September 12, it was reported that KoBold Metals, an artificial intelligence startup backed by Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates and Amazon founder Jeff Bezos, has partnered with BHP Billiton, the world ’ s second largest mining group, to find metals for Tesla electric cars.
Kurt House, chief executive of Kobold Metals, said the company would work with BHP to find metals such as lithium, nickel, cobalt and copper in Australia.
House also said the three-year partnership could also help get the nickel used in Tesla cars.
In July, BHP signed an agreement with Tesla to supply nickel for the automaker ’ s batteries.
"If we find nickel and cobalt, these supplies are likely to end up being part of the agreement," House said.
We can easily contribute to that in the future, "he said.
“Tesla ’ s technology is great, there ’ s no doubt that they ’ re a leader in the electric vehicle market, ” House said, adding that Kobold Metals ’ goal is to help the entire electric vehicle industry.
Kobold Metals, a private mineral exploration company based in Silicon Valley, uses AI to gather data on where to drill the raw materials used for electric vehicles.
House did not give an exact figure on how much money the two companies might spend on the project, but said they would pay tens of millions of dollars over the next two years.
He disclosed that the exploration will begin in western Australia, covering 500,000 square kilometers of land.
House said the companies chose Australia because the country has the right materials for electric vehicles and high labor and environmental standards.
"We can basically guarantee that any discoveries we make there will be made in an ethical and environmentally friendly way," he said.
According to Kobold Metals, one of the company ’ s major investors is Breakthrough Energy Ventures, a climate and technology fund funded by Gates, Bezos and Bloomberg founder Michael Bloomberg.
House said Gates and Bezos would have an impact on the electric car metal search, but he said he could not disclose how much Gates' fund had invested in the project.
Other investors in Kobold Metals include renowned Silicon Valley venture capital firm Andreessen Horowitz and Norwegian state-owned energy company Equinor.
In August, Kobold Metals said it would invest $15 million with mining company Bluejay to find materials for electric vehicles in Greenland.
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How much is Kobold investing with Bluejay to search for electric car material in Greenland?

"KoBold Metals and Bluejay Mining are jointly searching for rare earth minerals in Greenland, with a focus on nickel, copper, cobalt, and platinum used in electric vehicles, as part of the Disko-Nuussuaq project."

Title:

Content: Science and Technology
Gates and Bezos pay $15 million to search for metals for electric cars
Thanks for reading the news about technology: Gates and Bezos pay $15 million to search for metals for electric cars and now with the details of the news
KoBold Metals, a mineral exploration company backed by Bill Gates, Jeff Bezos, former New York mayor Michael Bloomberg and founder of Bridgewater Associates, Ray Dalio, has entered into a joint venture with London-based Bluejay Mining to search for nickel, copper, cobalt and platinum used in electric vehicles in Greenland.
KoBold will spend about $15 million through 2024 to help Bluejay locate natural resources as part of the Disko-Nuussuaq project in mid-western Greenland.
Kurt House, CEO of Coppold, said: “The Disco area has seen a rare convergence of events in Earth ’ s history that could have led to the formation of world-class battery mineral deposits.
“We are excited to invest in Greenland ’ s emerging mineral sector and partner with Bluejay in light of its strong track record in Greenland and the outstanding potential of the Disko project. ”
Copper, nickel, cobalt and lithium are essential metals needed to produce electric vehicle batteries, and as a result, nickel demand growth from electric vehicles is expected to increase 14 times between 2030.
About 50% of the world ’ s cobalt, another major material for the manufacture of electric vehicles, is found in the Democratic Republic of Congo, and KoBold uses artificial intelligence, machinery and computing to search for raw materials for electric vehicles (EVs).
Bo Stensgaard, CEO of Bluejay, said: “We are delighted to have a partner at the Tech Innovation Summit for New Exploration Methods, backed by some of the world ’ s most successful investors.
In addition, Bluejay retains the ability to self-finance to maintain 49% ownership through production, giving external public investors the opportunity to invest alongside a private investment entity of this size.
You may also read.

"Greenland is estimated to have significant rare earth mineral deposits, with 25 of the 34 critical raw materials important for European industry and green transformation found in the country."

"Significant rare earth mineral deposits are estimated to be located in central western Greenland, among other places, and companies such as Greenland Minerals & Energy are involved in the industry."

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Content: Uncategorized

Rare Earth Elements Market, Global Outlook and Forecast 2022-2028

Rare Earth Element is one of a set of seventeen chemical elements in the periodic table, specifically the fifteen lanthanides, as well as scandium and yttrium. Scandium and yttrium are considered rare-earth elements because they tend to occur in the same ore deposits as the lanthanides and exhibit similar chemical properties.
This report contains market size and forecasts of Rare Earth Elements in global, including the following market information:
Global Rare Earth Elements Market Revenue, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, ($ millions)
Global Rare Earth Elements Market Sales, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, (MT)
Global top five Rare Earth Elements companies in 2021 (%)
The global Rare Earth Elements market was valued at 2659.4 million in 2021 and is projected to reach US$ 3906.3 million by 2028, at a CAGR of 5.6% during the forecast period.
The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2021, While China is Forecast to Reach $ Million by 2028.
Cerium Segment to Reach $ Million by 2028, with a % CAGR in next six years.
The global key manufacturers of Rare Earth Elements include Arafura, Alkane Resources, Avalon Rare Metals, China Rare Earth Holdings, Indian Rare Earths, Lynas, Great Western Minerals, Greenland Minerals & Energy and Rare Element Resources, etc. In 2021, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.
We surveyed the Rare Earth Elements manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.
Total Market by Segment:
Global Rare Earth Elements Market, by Type, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (MT)
Global Rare Earth Elements Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2021 (%)
Cerium
Dysprosium
Erbium
Europium
Gadolinium
Holmium
Lanthanum
Lutetium
Neodymium
Praseodymium
Global Rare Earth Elements Market, by Application, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (MT)
Global Rare Earth Elements Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2021 (%)
Magnets
Catalysts
Metallurgy
Polishing
Glass
Phosphors
Ceramics
Other
Global Rare Earth Elements Market, By Region and Country, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (MT)
Global Rare Earth Elements Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2021 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
Key companies Rare Earth Elements revenues in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies Rare Earth Elements revenues share in global market, 2021 (%)
Key companies Rare Earth Elements sales in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), (MT)
Key companies Rare Earth Elements sales share in global market, 2021 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
Arafura
Alkane Resources
Avalon Rare Metals
China Rare Earth Holdings
Indian Rare Earths
Lynas
Great Western Minerals
Greenland Minerals & Energy
Rare Element Resources
Molycorp
Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare Earth Hi-Tech
Frontier Rare Earths

Download FREE Sample of this Report @ https://www.statsmarketresearch.com/download-free-sample/7131409/global-rare-earth-elements-forecast-2022-2028-651

Table of content

1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Rare Earth Elements Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Rare Earth Elements Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Rare Earth Elements Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Rare Earth Elements Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Rare Earth Elements Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global Rare Earth Elements Sales: 2017-2028
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Rare Earth Elements Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Rare Earth Elements Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Rare Earth Elements Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Rare Earth Elements Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Rare Earth Elements Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Rare Earth Elements Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers Rare Earth Elements Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Rare Earth Elements Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Rare Earth Elements Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Rare Earth Elements Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type – Global Rare Earth El

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What is one of the global key REE manufacturers?

"Significant rare earth mineral deposits are estimated to be located in central western Greenland, the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Western Australia, and the Sulima-West-Deposit, with companies like Kobold Metals exploring and extracting these minerals in regions like Western Australia."

Significant rare earth mineral deposits are estimated to be located in Central western Greenland, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Western Australia, and Sulima-West-Deposit, with companies like Kobold Metals and Bluejay investing in exploration and extraction efforts in Greenland.

Rare earth mineral deposits have been found in Greenland, specifically in Kwane Bay, and there is a high demand for these minerals due to the EU's reliance on imports.

Title:

Content: People 's Network > > International
Large-scale rare earth mine found in Sweden threatens to ease EU ’ s rare earth shortage
January 19, 2023, 16: 34 | Source: Xinhua Network
Small number
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, January 19, (International observation) Sweden found large rare earth mines may be difficult to alleviate the "rare earth shortage" in the European Union.
Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Binbin
Sweden's state-owned mining company Luosa-Kiruna Mountain has announced that it has discovered a rare earth deposit in the Kiruna region of northern Sweden, containing more than 1 million tons of rare earth oxides.
It is the largest known rare earth deposit in Europe.
Analysts believe that although this discovery will help the EU to ease the situation of highly dependent on imports of rare earths, the EU's "rare earth shortage" is unlikely to have significant changes in the short term.
“A long way from discovery to development. ”
Jan Mostrom, chief executive of Luosa-Kiruna Mountain, said recently that the scale of rare earths in Kiruna has yet to be determined.
The company plans to submit a mining concession application this year, and it is expected to take several years to explore the deposits and the conditions for sustainable mining.
Rare earth is known as "industrial vitamins" and is widely used in metallurgy, military, petrochemical, glass ceramics, agriculture and new materials.
But the EU relies almost entirely on imports for rare earths.
"There is a long way to go from discovery to real mining," Mostrom said.
"It will take at least 10 to 15 years to start mining the deposit and supply it to the market," he said.
Several rare earth deposits have previously been found in Europe, such as in Kwane Bay in Greenland and Norrachel in Sweden.
However, because these sites are located near the Arctic, the need for local environmental protection has led to the development of the project is not smooth.
Ross Embleton, a researcher at Wood Mackenzie Consulting in the United Kingdom, believes that unless the approval process is shortened, the newly discovered deposit will not have an impact on the global supply of rare earths in the short term.
New opportunities for the Swedish industry
European Commission President von der Leyen said that the EU ’ s demand for rare earths is expected to increase fivefold by 2030, and that rare earths and lithium will “soon be more important than oil and gas. ”
For Sweden, the discovery of rare earth minerals will help reshape its image as an EU mining powerhouse, giving it a bigger role in the EU ’ s green transition.
The website of the French newspaper Le Monde pointed out that in the past decade, metal prices have been depressed, and mining exploration activities in Sweden have decreased sharply, but there are signs of recovery in the recent past.
It is also reported that this spring, the European Commission will introduce measures to strengthen its own supply of key raw materials, which means that Sweden's rare earth project may receive EU support.
Short-term changes to the pattern.
The European Union has been trying to diversify the rare earth supply chain for several years.
After the escalation of the crisis in Ukraine, the EU is more eager to push forward the process, especially to seek to strengthen its own supply within the EU.
However, the rare earth industry chain involves a series of procedures such as mining and separation, and the rare earth mineral reserves alone are not enough, which is also an important reason for the EU to get rid of its import dependence.
Geologists from the Swedish Geological Survey pointed out that Europe currently lacks the comprehensive capacity to process rare earth metals and manufacture intermediate products. “We also need to focus on the entire industry chain of rare earth metals, such as rare earth permanent magnets for wind turbines or electric vehicle engines. ”
Analysts stressed that the European rare earth industry chain is incomplete, the lack of advanced technology, talent and other supporting resources required, which will lead to the production of rare earth products cost too high, lack of competitiveness, and thus lead to the lack of incentives for enterprises to invest in this industry.
Experts pointed out that because China has the advantages of technology patents and industrial scale in processing links such as refining, many European companies choose to cooperate with China to process and extract raw materials, which is more economical.
Argus Media, an international independent pricing agency involved in energy and commodity markets, believes that some companies are pushing for a supply chain for rare earth products in Europe, "but the road to production of rare earth products is very difficult and requires huge investment and political will."
(Edited by: Cui Dege, Xu Xiangli)
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"A significant discovery of over 1 million tonnes of rare earth metals has been made by LKAB in Lapland, Sweden, which could impact the supply of these crucial components for electronics and clean energy technology in Europe."

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Content: Sweden's new rare-earth metal find likely big deal for Western consumers

Sweden has discovered what is billed as Europe's biggest deposit of rare earth minerals - a crucial component of electronics and clean energy technology - giving a significant boost to the continent's hunt for trade security.

LKAB, the Swedish state-owned mining company, announced Thursday that it found deposits of more than 1 million tonnes of rare earth metals in the country's far northern Lapland province.

Products ranging from smartphones to electric vehicles and even military jets require these rare earth elements, which are not currently mined in Europe, the company said. Much of the world's supply comes from China, which has used them as a geopolitical tool.

LKAB president Jan Mostrom said in a statement that the find could be a "significant building block" for Europe, which faces a "supply problem." But the company also said that it would take at least a decade before the rare earth minerals discovered hit the market.

READ MORE:
* GM reaches supply deals for electric vehicle motor magnets
* Why rare earths are a Five Eyes hot topic
* The race against China's 'rare earths weapon'
* Rare earth could be common in NZ

Here's what to know about this major discovery and what it means for Western consumers.

What are rare earth minerals and where are they found?

Rare earths are not actually that rare. They are a group of 17 chemical elements, composed of scandium, yttrium and lanthanides, according to the US Geological Survey.

But mining rare earth minerals is complex, as supply is not concentrated in one location. Mining them also affects the environment, since their ores can be laced with radioactive materials such as thorium and uranium. Refining the minerals can generate toxic and radioactive waste, which poses environmental and health risks if not properly disposed of.

China hosts the majority of the world's reserve of rare earth minerals and is the world's leading supplier. (The United States was the largest producer several decades ago.) While Brazil and Vietnam have significant reserves, they lag far behind in mining them.

Access to the minerals became an issue in the trade war with China during the administration of US President Donald Trump. Beijing threatened to cut off exports to the United States in 2019 to retaliate against Trump's measures, pushing prices up and prompting Trump to sign an executive order increasing domestic production. The Biden administration has also pushed for investments in that supply chain.

Other countries have also moved to reduce their reliance on China. Australia is spending millions to develop a rare earths mine and processing plant in its Northern Territory.

What are rare earth minerals used for?

Multiple household goods, including televisions, computers, smartphones and lighting use rare earth minerals. Yttrium and europium, for instance, light up iPhone displays and allow them to vibrate.

They are also key elements of US-made defence systems, including night-vision technology, jets and armoured-vehicle alloys.

Rare earth minerals are critical for the global clean energy transition, as they are components of the magnets used in electric vehicles and wind turbines - although recently some companies have developed motors for electric vehicles that do not require rare earths.

What does Sweden's discovery mean for the climate?

LKAB's find was welcomed in Europe, which has faced energy challenges amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The European Union also has a goal of becoming climate neutral by 2050.

In September, a senior EU official said Europe's climate ambitions were at risk without reliable supply chains. "Take China, with its quasi-monopoly on rare earths and permanent magnets and prices rising by 50-90% in the past year alone," wrote Thierry Breton, an EU commissioner. "Supply of raw materials has become a real geopolitical tool."

The European Raw Materials Alliance notes that while the European Union has a massive electric-motor manufacturing sector, "it is almost fully import dependent" when it comes to rare earth permanent magnets.

Swedish Deputy Prime Minister Ebba Busch said Thursday that Europe's independence from Russia and China would begin with this mine.

Political leadership in the continent, she said, "must give the industry the conditions to switch to green and fossil-free production."

The Washington Post

"LKAB discovered 1 million tonnes of rare earth metals in Lapland, which could be a significant building block for Europe's supply."

"A significant discovery of over 1 million tons of rare earth metals has been made by LKAB in Lapland, Sweden, which could impact the global supply and trade security for these crucial components used in electronics and clean energy."

Title:

Content: Democracy Dies in Darkness

Sweden’s new rare-earth metal find likely big deal for Western consumers

Sweden has discovered what is billed as Europe’s biggest deposit of rare earth minerals — a crucial component for electronics and clean energy needs — giving a significant boost to the continent’s hunt for trade security.

LKAB, the Swedish state-owned mining company, announced Thursday that it found deposits of more than 1 million tons of rare earth metals in the country’s far northern Lapland province.

Products ranging from smartphones to electric vehicles and even military jets require these rare earth elements which are not currently mined in Europe, the company said. Much of the world’s supply comes from China, which has used them as a geopolitical tool.

LKAB President Jan Mostrom said in a statement that the find could be a “significant building block” for Europe, which faces a “supply problem.” But the company also said that it would take at least a decade before rare earth minerals from the find hit market.

Here’s what to know about this major discovery and what it means for Western consumers.

What are rare earth minerals and where are they found?

Rare earths are not actually that rare. They are a group of 17 chemical elements, composed of scandium, yttrium and lanthanides, according to the U.S. Geological Survey.

But mining rare earth minerals is complex, as supply is not concentrated in one location. Mining them also impacts the environment, since their ores can be laced with radioactive materials such as thorium and uranium. Refining the minerals can also generate toxic and radioactive waste, which poses environmental and health risks if not properly disposed of.

China hosts a majority of the world’s reserve of rare earth minerals and is the world’s leading supplier of the product. (The United States was the largest producer several decades ago.) While Brazil and Vietnam have significant reserves, they lag far behind in mining it.

China hints it will choke off U.S. ‘rare earths’ access. But it’s not that easy.

Access to the minerals became an issue during the Trump administration’s trade war with China. Beijing threatened to cut off exports to the United States in 2019 to retaliate against Trump’s measures, pushing prices up, prompting Trump to sign an executive order increasing domestic production. The Biden administration has also pushed for investments in that supply chain.

Other countries have also moved to reduce their reliance on China. Australia is spending millions to develop a rare earths mine and processing plant in its Northern Territory.

What are rare earth minerals used for?

Multiple household goods, including televisions, computers, smartphones, and lighting use rare earth minerals. Yttrium and europium, for instance, light up iPhone displays and allow them to vibrate.

They are also key elements of U.S.-made defense systems, including night vision technology, jets and armored vehicle alloys.

Rare earth minerals are critical for the global clean energy transition, as they are components of the magnets used in electric vehicles and wind turbines. Though recently, some companies have developed motors for electric vehicles that do not require rare earths.

What does Sweden’s discovery mean for the climate?

LKAB’s find was welcomed in Europe, which has faced energy challenges amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The European Union also has a goal of becoming climate neutral by 2050.

In September, a senior E.U. official said that Europe’s climate ambitions were at risk without reliable supply chains. “Take China, with its quasi-monopoly on rare earths and permanent magnets and prices rising by 50-90% in the past year alone,” wrote Thierry Breton, an E.U. commissioner. “Supply of raw materials has become a real geopolitical tool.”

The European Raw Material Alliance notes that while the European Union has a massive electric-motor manufacturing sector, “it is almost fully import dependent” when it came to rare earth permanent magnets.

Swedish Deputy Prime Minister Ebba Busch said Thursday that Europe’s independence from Russia and China will begin with this mine.

Political leadership in the continent, she said, “must give the industry the conditions to switch to green and fossil-free production.”

"A Swedish mining company has discovered rare earth deposits in the far north of the country, estimated to contain 585 million tons of ore, which could be a significant factor in the production of electric vehicles and wind turbines."

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Content: Largest rare earth deposits found in EU
Friday ، 13 January 2023 03: 30 PM
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Fatma Shawky
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A Swedish mining company says it has found the largest rare earth deposits in the European Union in the far north of the country, which accounts for a large part of European needs, according to the Spanish newspaper Portavolio.
The discovery will be a major factor in the production of electric vehicles and wind turbines.
This first discovery of the deposits, named Per Geijer, suggests that they contain 585 million tons of ore, where apatite containing phosphorus and other rare elements are found.
Lounges have been set up to access the deposits 700 metres from the Kiruna iron mine to verify depth and detail, and it is expected to wait a year or two to see when these reserves can start to be exploited, which at current rates will take 10 or 15 years.
Swedish Energy and Industry Minister Ebba Bosch said the discovery "shows that there are important results of the green transition" and will help the EU bloc reduce its dependence on other countries for these essential minerals for electricity.
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A rare earth mineral discovery in Sweden is estimated to contain over 1 million tons of rare earth oxides, according to the state-owned mining company Luosa-Kiruna Mountain.

"A discovery of over 1 million tons of rare earth metals has been made in Sweden, which could be significant for Western consumers and provide a boost to Europe's hunt for trade security."

AEX Gold is a corporation involved in Greenland's mineral development, with a focus on exploring and extracting gold and other minerals in the region.

Title:

Content: AEX Gold aims to invest in Greenland through its new gold mining project

Traditionally known for its fishing and hunting industries, Greenland is fast becoming the next significant area of exploration for mining businesses. The largest island in the world, Greenland remains one of the least populated areas worldwide with 56,000 citizens, and it has sought to attract local and foreign investment across a number of new projects.

The island’s current position remains complex. A sovereign government, it is positioned under the Danish kingdom who provide grants to support its local economy. To further its independence and bolster its economy to create increased tax revenue, Greenland has embraced the exploration of new mining projects as well as utilising all the renewable and local resources it has to offer.

Rich in rare-earth minerals, gold, iron-ore, uranium, in addition to hydro and wind power, Greenland’s favourable legal framework and robust infrastructure, particularly in South Greenland, have factored into AEX Gold’s vision to explore through its Greenlandic subsidiary, Nalunaq Gold Mine, situated in the Nanortalik Gold belt, Southern Greenland.

Acquiring an existing Exploitation Licence in 2015, the company is at the advanced exploration stage of its Nalunaq property, including the previously operating Nalunaq Gold Mine.   It also holds Exploration Licences at the early exploration stage Vagar and Tartoq properties.

Hosting a high-grade NI 43-101 compliant gold resource estimate of 263k oz (inferred) at 18.7 g/t and a number of regional exploration targets, AEX Gold has undertaken three years of exploration at Nalunaq, developing an updated geological model and an extension of the main vein strike length up to 1km.

“The government is very supportive, so it's about having a sound exploration strategy. We are very much focused on that, as we have an asset package that we think we can grow and create a lot of value,” explains Chief Executive Officer, Eldur Olafsson.

Originating from Iceland, Olafsson has gained extensive experience of the local geography. Focusing on mining projects in Greenland since 2012, he has analysed the country’s potential against the backdrop of environmental responsibilities and associated legalities with partner SRK Exploration Services. Through this process, the business has turned its attentions solely towards gold exploration.

“The known gold deposits in Greenland are in an area where the climate is mild and, given our experience, logistics are relatively easy. Gold opportunities are easier to finance than larger base metals projects and our perception was that we could fully fund projects like these through our support here in Iceland and in the UK market,” he explains.

“We started looking for opportunities in the South Greenland Gold Province and became aware of this historically producing mine. We were attracted by the extremely high-grade potential of the resource and the fact that the project had significant infrastructure in place.  We believed there were significant opportunities to materially improve the mining operation that had been run by previous operators.”

Extensive exploration

Throughout the exploration of high-grade resources, Olafsson is proud to remain hands on and is regularly seen on site. By undertaking various technical studies, AEX has gained the ability to comprehensively analyse similar types of assets with potential.  After acquiring the Nalunaq project in 2015 the company has continued to expand its portfolio. Whilst Nalunaq encompasses the required licence to explore and recommence production at the old gold mine, they own the larger Vagar exploration licence, situated a few kilometres to the west of the mine, where AEX believes the ground is prospective for the discovery of further Nalunaq-type deposits.  In addition, they also own the early stage Tartoq Project to the North West of Nalunaq. Each licence area is at a different stage of exploration which supports AEX’s aim of having a continuous pipeline of projects being brought into production.

“We have a total of 690sqkm of licences in south Greenland and we're the only active listed gold company in Greenland. Previous operators undertook very little forward-looking exploration once the mine was in production.  It's a very under-explored region so we intend to recommence production within the next two years at Nalunaq in order to support our exploration in the larger licences in the next 5-10 years,” he says.

“Iceland is a short distance from Greenland, so logistically it’s good for us. Additionally, in Iceland you need to be really self-sufficient, and the same can be said for those in Greenland. We don't have as many people or the multitude of services that you would have in other countries which encourages you to think creatively,” he adds.

Consequently, the company has sought to maximise efficiency whilst keeping costs down, yet all the time adding increased value across its operations.

By acquiring a high-grade deposit, less material is needed to be broken down, lowering AEX Gold’s carbon footprint. Everything taken out of the mine from underground will be processed and shipped out to a different processing facility, or processed on site adhering to the current environmental guidelines. Historically, electricity has been generated through the use of traditional fossil fuels, something which is steadily changing throughout Greenland.

“We're using oil to put in generators or to power mobile mining equipment which is high cost both in monetary and environmental terms.   Greenland currently has five hydroelectric power plants and they are looking at building more in south Greenland,” says Olafsson.

Seeing huge opportunities, he explains that the use of hydropower and wind power would complement AEX Gold’s operations, not only in its existing exploration activities, but with the implementation of an electric mining fleet with electricity being obtained from local renewable resources.

Providing local opportunities

In the future, it will be essential for Greenland to gain further revenue to unlock opportunities and services for its citizens. This is something Olafsson believes that AEX Gold can help with due to its knowledge of Iceland as it has many similarities to Greenland and has been through a period of comparable change.

“Greenland is in a similar position to Iceland not so long ago. Iceland didn't have a high education rate and wasn’t wealthy compared to other European countries, with economic and cultural activities that were very insular. We are now at the highest level of all parameters in terms of education, wealth per family, etc. and this has stemmed from improving the breadth of schooling and creating opportunities for people to grow and develop outside of the traditional areas of agriculture and fisheries.

“Our aim is that the majority of employees will be Greenlandic, but it will take time. Greenland has a large number of people competing for jobs in the fisheries and tourist centres. It is important that Greenlanders are able to access programmes that will allow them to consider other career options. In Iceland we are importing a lot of people to work in different industries in our country because we don't have enough people. This might be the case for Greenlanders as well if the anticipated growth of the Mining Sector materialises but we want to ensure that, where possible, we use local people first before looking elsewhere.

“The Greenlandic Government provides good support for those who seek education.  There are an increasing number of Greenlandic students attending Danish Universities so that now, for example, we are seeing well qualified Greenlandic geologists available for employment.  There has been a Mining School at Sisimiut for the last 10 years which provides local qualified labour who can take advantage of opportunities in the Mining sector.  You need skilled labour and as we own a mine that was in production for 10 years previously, there is a fair bit of local knowledge that we have been able to use during our exploration work and which we are keen to utilise going forward,” he says.

“We are creating revenue for local communities, creating highly skilled jobs, and are providing benefits where local communities can live better lives and grow as individuals. We need to create opportunities for young people.”

Additionally, by working with local businesses as well as those who have been operating in Greenland for some time, AEX has made a conscious effort to hire companies which can support its growth. AEX have therefore acquired a longstanding relationship with Cartwright Drilling, due to the company’s extensive experience in Greenland and subsequent knowledge of the island’s government systems, processes and practices.

Planning to mine high-grade resources using significant infrastructure already in place, AEX Gold holds extensive licences managed by an experienced team. Previous operations produced between 50,000 to 100,000 ounces a year at 15.4 grams/ton produced and this has provided a benchmark for the company, who will utilise this cash flow to explore the wider region in the long-term.

“We have a five-year plan where we want to get into production at Nalunaq and use the cash generated to fund exploration in the wider district.   We envisage investing a significant amount in exploration assets to provide a portfolio of different deposits that we can bring into production. We are creating a company that has a long-term mission in Greenland to build up local know how to support our aim of ramping up to very profitable production across a number of projects,” notes Olafsson.

“It will create a dramatic effect on the local community and hopefully be a springboard for unlocking much larger potential in Greenland. There are plenty of deposits that have been found, but you have to be able to develop them. You can only do that that with support and cooperation from the local people who believe in your vision.”

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Eldur Olafsson

"Greenland Technologies Holding Corp. and AEX Gold are corporations involved in Greenland's mineral development, with Greenland Technologies Holding Corp. creating and selling heavy, industrial equipment for commercial production."

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Market Overview

6 Companies That Could Fix Domestic Battery Supply Problem Using Little To No Emissions In The Mining of Essential Minerals

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  • It's said that a deficit in graphite and nickel could thwart EV production post-2022.
  • Contrary to popular belief, North American companies already have the power to begin domestic battery production, mining and processing essential minerals on U.S. and Canadian soil.
  • Genuinely ESG-friendly mining and mineral exploration companies are teaming up with heavy industrial equipment manufacturers to create all-electric mining and production equipment.
  • Companies are creating 100% carbon-free, off-grid power sources that would enable cleaner mining and exploration practices for a truly emissions-free production cycle.
  • Tesla is erring in applying for tariff-free imports from China, as opposed to accessing pure deposits just miles away.

When we talk about the essential elements of an electric vehicle battery, graphite — more often than not — seems to be left out of the conversation.

This changed recently when news got out that there may be a global graphite deficit, starting in 2022. This comes at a time when the industry is preparing for a major EV boom, and demand from the battery sector is expected to rise by 30% annually until 2030, as reported by Electrek.

The demand for domestic battery products may all be in vain unless something is done, otherwise, to save it.

While making the point that China controls 84% of the global supply of graphite on this planet, OilPrice's Tom Kool notes that there are no domestic manufacturing plants in the U.S. to supply automotive-grade graphite at scale; because graphite isn’t battery-ready straight out of the ground, it must be processed.

While synthetic graphite production is possible, it’s nowhere nearly as affordable or environmentally-friendly as the original. This mean a broken supply chain must first be fixed in order for the global energy transition — that Goldman Sachs has dubbed the “great battery race” — to continue and for total electrification to thrive.

WWR And NMG Could Change The Game For Graphite In Domestic Battery Production

Graphite is a key element that forms the anode of lithium batteries. Without it, a trillion-dollar EV market ceases to exist. Without it, there’s no EV revolution, no carbon-free future and no reason to go “all in” on EV.

And while the supply chain has already been disrupted and companies are forging exclusive partnerships with producers overseas, this may simply not be true. In fact, three companies come to mind that negate this fact, and they’ve just been waiting for their time to shine.

One company is Westwater Resources Inc. (NYSE: WWR), an explorer and developer of US-based mineral resources essential to clean energy production – including graphite. In 2018, the company purchased Alabama Graphite in order to expand its minerals list before going full-force into its new graphite production company in 2020 with the sale of its uranium assets in Texas and New Mexico to the enCore Energy Corp.

The Coosa Graphite Project is known as one of “the most advanced graphite projects in the contiguous United States of America.” This year, Westwater Resources shared its plans to invest $202 million in order to develop a “one-of-a-kind” production facility that would allow the company to process graphite at a mass scale.

By early 2023, the facility is expected to begin processing an estimated 8,050 metric tons of graphite concentrate per year. The company also anticipates raw material to be supplied from outside sources until at least 2028.

While there’s speculation that the global graphite market is extremely undervalued, in 2019, the entire market was said to be valued at $14.9 billion — and it’s expected to be valued at around $22 billion by 2027. But with countries adopting an all-electric future, it is likely to even exceed that, by far.

According to OilPrice, “The average HEV needs up to 10 kgs of graphite. The average EV requires up to 70 kgs. A Tesla Model S needs even more. Every million EVs require around 75,000 tonnes of natural graphite.”

Batteries contain almost 30% graphite — a third of the most essential materials included in an EV battery. When the demand for EVs begins soaring out of control, so will the demand and price for graphite, and the industry needs to be prepared.

North of the U.S., Canada’s Nouveau Monde Graphite Inc. (NYSE: NMG)\ is making major waves in not just graphite but the mining industry in general. A battery materials company based out of Québec, Nouveau Monde believes that with a higher set of standards and a stronger emphasis on accountability, it’s possible to eliminate harmful emissions from the mining process and to ensure that battery production supports not only green energy but also safeguards human rights while promoting health and environmental sustainability.

The company was founded with the tenacity to fight centuries-old sentiment that mining companies are terrible for the environment.

As part of the Global Battery Alliance, Nouveau Monde has built a strong reputation for upholding strict ESG standards, its due diligence in the field, and self-accountability. It joins others within the organization to promote sustainability and accountability across the entire battery materials value chain.

“Battery minerals cannot power a sustainable energy revolution unless their extraction and value-added transformation are done on a zero-harm basis,” said Arne H. Frandsen, Chairman of Nouveau Monde. “We aim at being a catalyst for growth and shared value for people and the environment in which we live. We, as a team, develop what’s projected to be North America’s largest anode-quality natural graphite operation, supporting the electrification of mobility as well as the renewable energy storage markets.”

In August 2021, the company joined other battery manufacturers, automakers, technology companies, governments, and international organizations as a thought leader and one of the first battery materials producers in the alliance. They want to be part of the solution, working tirelessly to build alliances in the name of a decarbonized economy and more dependable mining activities.

Other members of the Global Battery Alliance (GBA) include the Alliance for Responsible Mining (ARM), BMW Group (OTC: BMWYY), LG Chem, Microsoft (NASDAQ: MSFT), SK Innovation, Umicore (OTC: UMICY), UN Environment, Volkswagen Group (OTC: VWAGY), Volvo Group (OTC: VLVLY), Google (NASDAQ: GOOGL), Renault (OTC: RNLSY), Honda Motor Co (NYSE: HMC), Infrastructure and Energy Alternatives Inc. (NASDAQ: IEA), Johnson Matthey (OTC: JMPLY) and the World Bank Group.

Through this globally-backed organization, companies work to develop a more responsible, traceable and efficient battery ecosystem and low-carbon economy.

In August 2021, Nouveau Monde received its own CAD$4.25 million grant to build a graphite purification processing plant from the federally funded Sustainable Development Technology Canada program. Mining.com reported that this plant is currently in phase 1 and fully capable of producing spherical graphite products that contain less than 500 ppm of impurities.

What About The Other Elements In EV Battery Production?

Processed graphite, either natural or synthetic, makes up more than 95% of the anode in lithium-ion batteries. Positive electrodes, otherwise known as cathodes, however, tend to be comprised, more or less, of nickel and cobalt.

Nickel makes up as much as 80% of the material that goes into EV batteries. So, it’s no wonder that the U.S. recently added nickel and zinc to its critical minerals list, deeming it essential to the future of the U.S. economy, global technologies and the companies that use such minerals for production.

Pure nickel, in its own right, has also been listed as scarce. While it’s the fifth most common element on earth and occurs extensively in the earth's crust and core, nickel is rarely found by itself in nature, and it’s becoming harder and harder to come by.

Driven partially by the Covid-19 vaccine rollouts — according to the International Nickel Study Group (INSG), global nickel demand is expected to rise to 2.8 million tonnes this year and to 3 million tonnes in the next, “resulting in a projected nickel deficit of 134,000 tonnes in 2021 and a surplus of 76,000 tonnes in 2022.” The group also warned of disruptions in production in places like China and Indonesia.

According to the USGS, “The United States relies on refined nickel imports for around half of its annual consumption.” In fact, the top three nickel suppliers in 2020 were Canada at 42% of the total supply, Norway at 10% and Finland at 9%.

Because of a broken supply chain in North America, battery-grade nickel is in high demand due to its unique ability to power lithium-ion batteries in EVs, and any tariffs or restrictions placed on such materials would pose a serious supply chain risk for global battery manufacturing.

In December, Tesla Inc. (NASDAQ: TSLA) requested a tariff waiver for graphite and other imported materials from China, as essential to its EV battery production and vehicle lines, CNBC reported. But, little did it know that it didn’t have too far to go. Nouveau Monde itself is said to be using a much greener, hydro-electrification process than the chemical-laden process used in China, where most of the world’s spherical graphite is produced.

In the U.S., pure nickel is hard to come by — but, in Canada — it is a different story.

Near the Tesla Gigafactory 1, a lithium-ion battery and electric vehicle component factory in Storey County, Nevada, there’s a Canadian-based mineral exploration company that provides just that.

In addition to lithium and copper, Surge Battery Metals Inc. (OTC: NILIF) has been paving the way for domestic EV battery production. This company has secured the land and licensing for various mineral-rich deposits in mining-friendly jurisdictions.

In every project the company undertakes, Surge Battery Metals takes the necessary steps to cut back on carbon-heavy, greenhouse gas emissions at all stages of production – from underground ore mining to processing and refining.

The company currently has six different exploration sites under its belt, partnering with leading mining companies in each region.

A report by Surge Battery Metals notes that “EV manufacturers are calling for more supply of nickel because nickel quantities are increasing in batteries, as they increase the amount of charge a battery can hold, thus allowing the EV’s to travel greater distances.”

It notes that one such company is Tesla, whose production target is 20 million cars by 2030, and the company's founder Elon Musk has stated that a "large contract would be signed if a company could produce nickel with a lowered carbon footprint by using more environmentally-friendly ways of mining.”

With Canada to the north and Surge Battery Materials just a few miles around the corner, Tesla would be saving a whole lot more time and quite a few more dollars, securing these materials from home.

Caterpillar And Greenland Technologies For Zero-Emissions Mining

Through this same sentiment, Nouveau Monde has teamed up with Caterpillar Inc. (NYSE: CAT) to design the world’s first all-electric mine in Metawine, Canada.

While Caterpillar is providing Nouveau Monde with the essential vehicles it needs to carry out this mission, it’s not quite clear if the company plans to make this machinery available to others outside of the organization or if they will become commercially available.

In the meantime, Greenland Technologies Holding Corp. (NASDAQ: GTEC) has already become the first company to create and sell heavy, industrial equipment, including lithium-powered forklifts, excavators and front loaders, directly to consumers and for commercial production.

The company has collaborated within several market sectors to understand the direct needs of each market with the ultimate goal of pioneering change in the electrification of industries traditionally dominated by heavy-emission internal-combustion systems.

Greenland Technologies is a developer and manufacturer of drivetrain systems for materials handling, industrial machinery, electric vehicles (EVs) and electric industrial vehicles — and could prove a godsend to the mining industry in general, should mines begin adopting the technologies the company already has to offer.

Off-Grid Electrification Adds Additional Leverage To Heavy Mining Operations

In addition to electric industrial powered vehicles, a company called Worksport Ltd. (NASDAQ: WKSP) (NASDAQ: WKSPW) and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Terravis Energy, will be providing additional electrification that will enable mining operations to take place entirely off-grid and without the need of existing power lines or cables.

Worksport is a global leader in tonneau covers and accessories for pickup trucks. In the last few years, it has been working diligently to develop solar and hydrogen-powered energy storage solutions and are said to be releasing those products later this spring.

Products include a solar-powered tonneau that can power an entire electric truck, camper or RV (which would come in handy in rocky terrains and places where miners are expected to stay on-site for more than a few days in a row). It can also be used on a gas-powered vehicle to power a separate COR battery unit, which is also able to power various electric vehicles, job sites and emergency response equipment.

In addition to their SOLIS and COR products, Worksport would also be launching its non-parasitic EV chargers later this year. These stand-alone, fast-charge units will fully charge an EV in less than 2 hours and are totally grid-free and 100% carbon neutral — which can mean everything to a remote mining operation that decides to use a fully-electric industrial vehicle. Likewise, solar covers and battery units can be used for power tools, lighting rigs and even communications.

Forward Thinking

The International Energy Agency (IEA) reported in September that both electric mobility and low-carbon energy sectors could demand 25 times more graphite by 2040 than we see today.

By 2030, more than 145 million electric cars, buses, vans and freightliners expect to hit the public roadways. Not included in this mix is the multi-billion-dollar electric UTV industry, which is now considered one of the fastest-growing EV sectors globally – estimated by Yahoo! Finance to grow to $9 billion by 2025, while the entire electric vehicle market reaches more than $396.9 billion by 2028.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) desperately called for stronger protections against climate change and for the environment, alerting the world of an incoming "code red for humanity," BBC reported

Emissions are dropping — but they’re still high. The supply chain is falterin — and, pseudo-ESGs are beginning to leave a bad taste in investors’ mouths.

Going forward, it will be about fulfilling demand, producing batteries domestically, setting standards and leading by example. Society may be entering a long energy transition period, with many organizations lacking the means to immediately “go green.”

However, the chicken-and-egg situation becomes a lot clearer through companies such as Worksport, Greenland Technologies, Caterpillar.

To that effect, the mining and metals industry plays a significant role in the global energy transition. The commodities it mines, such as lithium, nickel, cobalt, and graphite, are necessary for ushering in a clean energy future, requiring that it seize the opportunity to deliver on the transition to clean energy.

DISCLAIMER: The author of this article holds stock in one or more of the above companies mentioned above. This article is meant to inform and educate. It does not and should not constitute as financial advice.

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"Greenland Technologies Holding Corp. is involved in Greenland's mineral development through its development and manufacturing of drivetrain systems for the mining industry."

Greenland Technologies is a corporation involved in Greenland's mineral development, which may include rare earth minerals.

AEX Gold is a corporation involved in Greenland's mineral development, specifically through a new gold mining project.

The Norwegian government has informed the European Commission, specifically Ursula von der Leyen, about their mining plans to avoid misunderstandings.

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Content: Advertisement

Norway’s deep-sea mining plans could put it on collision course with the EU

Frazer Norwell - [email protected]

The European Parliament has voted in favour of expressing its deep concerns over Norway's plans to mine the seabed in the Arctic for precious minerals

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A European Parliament resolution on Wednesday raised concerns over Norway’s plans to carry out deep-sea mining plans and the impact it could have on EU fisheries, food security, Arctic marine biodiversity and the potential impacts on neighboring countries, environmental news publication ENDS Europe reported.

Despite not being a member of the European Union, Norway is bound to Europe by the EEA Agreement which sees Norway adopt European laws and directives in exchange for access to the single market.

On January 9th, Norway’s parliament voted through proposals for commercial scale deep-sea mining, making it the first country in the world to do so.

Around 280,000 square kilometers of the Norwegian continental shelf could be opened up for deep-sea mining.

The decision was supported by a coalition of parties inside and outside of government. The Conservative Party, Labour Party, Centre Party and Progress Party all voted in favour of the proposal.

Norway’s Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre has rejected early criticism of the proposal.

“What has been talked about in the European Parliament in recent days... of what Norway is doing does not match reality,” Støre said to Norwegian newswire NTB on Wednesday .

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“Norway is used to claims and statements being made about our management of the marine areas. It has always been the case, whether it has been about whaling or gas operations, or as now, that we have a map of what minerals we have on the seabed,” he also said.

He said that the government had penned a letter to President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, to avoid misunderstandings on the matter.

“I have used the opportunity in recent days to inform European colleagues about what Norway is actually doing. It is not like we are going to give the green light to mining on the seabed. There is not a single project that is under consideration, and not a single green light has been given,” Støre said.

Those in favour of the proposal say that the minerals that could be extracted from the seabed are essential for the global transition to green industries.

Scientists, environmental groups and politicians have raised serious concerns about the potential ecological impact of deep-sea mining. A geological survey by the Norwegian government has also expressed reservations.

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Experts also argue that the current gaps in scientific understanding of deep-sea ecosystems meaning that it would be too soon to even begin exploration of the seabed for minerals like cobalt, copper, zinc.

The minerals are used in a number of key green energy technologies such as batteries, electric car engines, wind turbines, solar cells, and power lines.

Norway doesn’t expect actual mining activity to begin until the early 2030s and has said that the issuance of licenses would be dependent on environmental studies.

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See Also

China holds 36.67% of the world's rare earth reserves.

Title:

Content: According to foreign media reports, a large amount of rare earth resources have been discovered in the northwestern Turkish province of Eskişehir, which contains about 694 million tons of rare earth metals. It is estimated that these reserves can meet the needs of the world for 1,000 years, which can bring a lot of profits and jobs to Turkey.
The mainland media pointed out that after checking the news, Turkey did claim to find a huge rare earth reserve at the end of June, but still do not know the types and reserves of its rare earth mineral resources, and the mainstream international financial media and industry media have not confirmed the true content of this news.
Russia's "Satellite News Agency" quoted the "Turkish Daily" reported that a large number of rare earth resources have been found in the northwestern Turkish province of Eskişehir, and the ore deposit contains about 694 million tons of rare earth, which may bring billions of dollars in benefits to Turkey after processing.
Turkish Federation of Mining and Metals Exporters, member Megyn Ceginich, said the rare earth reserves found in Turkey are enough to meet the world ’ s 1,000-year needs, “which will create jobs for locals and young people. ”
Rare Earth (Rare Earth), or rare earth metals, is the collective name of the 17 metal chemical elements in Group III of the Element Cycle Table, including scandium, yttrium, and lanthanides. Rare earth is known as "modern industrial vitamins" due to its wide range of end-use applications.
Rare earth elements also play a vital role in the clean energy transition.
Neodymium, propane, propane and terbium are key to the production of permanent magnets for electric vehicles (EVs) and wind turbines. Yttrium and scandium can be used in some types of hydrogen electrolysis tanks.
In terms of volume, neodymium is the most important.
In nature, rare earth elements mainly exist in the form of rare earth minerals (REO), which are difficult to separate.
The concentration of rare earth resources distribution is higher, and the four rare earth resources countries account for more than 90% of the total rare earth reserves.
According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS) data show that the global rare earth reserves have been maintained at 120 million tons since the decline of 130 million tons in 2015, and China's rare earth reserves in 2021 were 44 million tons, accounting for 36.67%, and the proportion of perennial mining has been reduced but still far exceeds other countries.
This was followed by Vietnam with 18.33%, Brazil with 17.5% and Russia with 17.5%.
The total amount of rare earth reserves in the top four countries in the world is as high as 90%.
China's "overseas network" pointed out that China is the world's largest rare earth reserves of the country, but also established a relatively complete rare earth industry chain and industrial system, is the world's largest rare earth producer, exporter and application country.
The mainland media "Phoenix network" pointed out that Turkey found a large number of rare earth resources topic in the Chinese network attracted attention, once ranked at the forefront of the micro-blog hot search list, has been nearly 100 million times read, but the content of the message has many doubts.
For example, the fact that enough rare earth reserves to last the earth for millennia can only generate “billions of dollars ” in benefits for Turkey is clearly a disproportionate misinformation.
The news of the discovery of a huge amount of rare earth resources in Turkey was announced by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan after a cabinet meeting on June 28.
According to Erdogan, Beylikova is an important rare earth mine in Turkey and the second largest reserve in the world after China.
A production facility is being built here that will process 1,200 tons of ore per year.
Turkish media subsequently reported extensively on this, saying that the 694 million tons of rare earth reserves are the second largest in the world, behind only China ’ s 800 million tons.
Turkey finds large reserves of rare earth resources sufficient to meet global demand for 1,000 years
Read more: Turkey finds huge amounts of rare earth enough for global use for thousands of years?
# Rare Earth # Turkey # Reserves # Resources # China

China holds approximately 30% of global rare earth reserves.

Title:

Content: Last week, China announced plans to merge three of its main rare earth metal companies, Minmetals Rare Earth, Chinalco Rare Earth & Metals Co, and China Southern Rare Earth Group Co into a yet-to-be-named company.

Rare earths are elements which are critical for the manufacture of electronic components and high-tech alloys necessary for civilian and defence applications. They are not rare per se, but they are often found in combination with other elements, with the extraction process being expensive and polluting.

Presently, China enjoys a near-monopoly of rare earths, as in 2019 it produced 90% of the world’s rare earths, alloys, and permanent magnets. Also, it has an estimated 36 million tonnes of rare earth reserves, which is around 30% of global reserves. In comparison, the US has estimated 13 million tonnes of rare earths reserves, which is 13% of the global total. Other countries such as Australia, Russia, India, and Brazil also have substantial reserves.

China was not always the world’s leading rare earths producer. Up until the 1980s, 99% of the world’s rare earths supply was provided by the US as a by-product of its mining operations for titanium, zircon, and phosphate. However, due to changes in US regulations, voluntary transfer of intellectual property, and absence of industrial policy, China was able to capture the rare earths market for itself.

Analysts believe that China’s near-monopoly of rare earth metals gives it a trump card in its rivalry with the US for global dominance, and it has shown a willingness to weaponize the trade. China can choose to ban the export of rare earth metals to countries or companies it deems a threat to its interests.

This year, China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology last month proposed draft controls on the production and export of 17 rare earth metals that are crucial for the manufacture of US F-35 fighter jets and other high tech weaponry.

Last year, China considered a ban on rare earth exports to Lockheed Martin, Boeing and Raytheon due to US arms sales to Taiwan. Also, in 2010 China enacted a de facto ban on rare earth exports to Japan in response to maritime clashes over the disputed Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands. However, China’s de facto ban was ineffective, as Japan quickly established its own rare earths supply chain.

China’s approach to rare earths is largely driven by domestic factors. It aims to develop green technologies and renewable energy to compensate for environmental damage from rare earth mining. Further, China’s economic strategy to become a technological leader gives it an incentive to dominate the rare earths trade, thereby influencing downstream industries, and in the process strengthening the economic credentials and legitimacy of the ruling Communist Party.

However, China’s rare earth reserves are not infinite. Environmental pollution and increasingly scarce reserves are pushing Chinese rare earth companies to find alternative sources abroad. To that end, China has been increasing its geopolitical footprint for rare earths in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

Developing countries with substantial rare earth deposits may find themselves in the position of Middle Eastern countries after the discovery of oil in their territories. However, as with oil such situation with rare earths may open a Pandora’s box for these countries.

First, the environmental and social consequences of rare earth mining can trigger further social and political instability in these countries. In Ecuador, China’s strategy of elite co-optation to sidestep social and environmental safeguards has led to protests among the country’s indigenous community.

Second, the revenues from rare earth metals can strengthen autocratic rule. In Myanmar, revenues from the country’s significant rare earth exports to China are allegedly used to fund pro-junta militias in the country’s ongoing insurgency.

Third, these countries can pursue an omni-balancing approach between China and other interested parties, such as the US, Japan, and Australia. Such strategy involves playing one side against the other to ensure that no major player takes control of these countries’ strategic rare earth industries. However, this strategy is inherently risky, as these major players may perceive such approach as duplicity, and eventually assert their interests heavy-handedly.

Tanbreez Mining has been granted permission to extract rare earth minerals in Greenland, with production slated to begin in 2024, and the mine is estimated to contain over half of the world's rare earth resources.

Title:

Content: Greenland to mine rare earths in 2024 | Economic Horizontal | DW | 30.07.2023
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Economic stratification
Greenland to mine rare earths in 2024
According to the German "Economic Weekly" reported that a mining company has obtained permission from the Greenland government to mine rare earths on the island.
The company said production could begin next year.
Tanbreez Mining, a mining company, plans to mine rare earths in Greenland next year, according to the Economic Weekly.
“We can start production next year, ” said Greg Barnes, a geologist and owner of the company. Greenland ’ s deputy minister for minerals confirmed to the journal that a mining licence had been issued.
Barnes said the Tanbreez mine "contains more than half of the world's rare earth resources" and has 19 million tons of rare earth oxides.
Of these, 30% are highly favored heavy rare earth elements.
Rare earth contains a total of 17 kinds of metal elements, the properties of each metal are different.
Each metal has a unique industrial value.
Some of them are irreplaceable.
They are used, for example, in the manufacture of electric vehicles or wind turbines.
Last year, about two-thirds of Germany ’ s rare earths came from China. Mining such as rare earths is difficult and often harmful to the environment, as rare earths are often associated with iron ore, and the chemical process of refining often requires the use of acidic substances.
What is Rare Earth?
Barnes, owner of Tanbreez Mining, told Economic Weekly that to start mining for rare earths in Greenland, a factory would be needed to separate rare earths from heterosexual rocks.
Currently there are only such factories in Russia and China.
But one such plant will be built in the United States in the coming months.
There are also plans to build a factory in Europe.
Thanks to technological advances, the equipment that separates rare earths currently costs only $40 million.
According to Barnes, China paid 1.7 billion U.S. dollars for the equipment 13 years ago.
In January, Swedish state-owned mining company LKAB announced the discovery of Europe ’ s largest rare earth deposit to date.
But the company said it would take 10-15 years for the rare earth mine, located in Kiruna in northern Sweden, to be available to the market.
EU Plans to Diversify Rare Earth Supply Chain
(Agence France-Presse, Economic Weekly)
© 2023 Deutsche Welle Copyright Notice: All content in this article is protected by copyright law and may not be used without special permission from Deutsche Welle.
Any misconduct will lead to recovery and criminal prosecution.
DW.COM

What company has obtained permission to extract Greenland's rare earths?

What does Greenland's Tanbreez mine contain?

Vital Metals is developing the Tardiff deposit.

Title:

Content: Advertisement

Vital Metals shifts focus to Tardiff deposit with new Chinese investment

Vital Metals’ future in the Northwest Territories is unclear, but the company’s plan to focus on the Tardiff deposit at Nechalacho remains promising, according to Tom Hoefer, executive director of the NWT and Nunavut Chamber of Mines.

“It’s a significant deposit, and it’s much bigger than the one they test mined,” Hoefer said. “So that’s the prize, I would say – at this point, anyway.”

Australian-owned Vital Metals commenced operations at Nechalacho in 2021. The site, which sits about 100 kilometres southeast of Yellowknife, produces rare earth elements (REE), critical minerals used in electronics, green energy, automotive, aerospace, military defence and more.

Until recently, Vital Metals had plans to build a processing facility in Saskatoon. Processed assets would then be sold to Norwegian firm REEtec before being further processed and moved to other parts of Europe for various uses. However, in late September, after spending millions of dollars on the construction of the Saskatoon plant, the company made a stunning revelation.

“In summary we’ve demonstrated that the Saskatoon facility doesn’t make economic sense for us to operate, so we’ve decided to terminate that facility,” Vital Metals chairman Richard Crookes said in a video statement. “We’ve placed the holding company, Vital Metals Canada Ltd. into bankruptcy and we’ve terminated our offtake agreement with REEtec.”

Crookes, who was listed as the point of contact in Vital Metals’ recent news releases, did not respond to three requests for an interview about the company’s current situation, or that of its subsidiary Cheetah Resources, which owns Nechalacho.

The GNWT’s department of Industry, Tourism and Investment would not comment on the status of either company, but noted that “Cheetah Resources has not attained commercial production as defined by section 68 of the NWT Mining Regulations,” which means that the company is not currently required to file a royalty return.

Focus on Tardiff

Vital Metals’ announcement about its Saskatoon plant coincided with its decision to focus on Tardiff, which Crookes called a “very large, high-grade, shallow” deposit and “a fantastic asset in a great jurisdiction.”

Soon after the announcement was made, the company hired a new managing director in Geordie Mark, the former head of mining research at Haywood Securities, a Vancouver-based investment firm.

Weeks later, in late October, Vital Metals unveiled what it called a “cornerstone investment” from a Singaporean subsidiary of Chinese REE company Shenghe Resource Holdings. The investment “will allow the company to establish a new leadership team, and to progress development of the large-scale Tardiff deposit,” stated the news release announcing the deal.

The homepage of Vital Metals’ website claims that the company aims to “become the lowest cost producer of mixed rare earth oxide outside of China,” yet a Chinese firm will now share in any success the NWT project has.

‘Head-scratcher’

While Crookes did not respond to multiple requests for an interview, Hoefer noted that Shenghe likely doesn’t have enough ownership in the company to have controlling interest, but called Vital Metals’ decision to get involved with a Chinese firm “a head-scratcher.”

“If you research the critical mineral strategies of places like the United States and Canada, one of the reasons for having the strategy is also because China is dominating the scene with critical minerals,” he said. “There’s a concern because critical minerals are also used in defense and other strategic things. There’s concern over monopolization of critical minerals out of China.”

No matter how Vital Metals’ future unfolds, Hoefer believes prospects for the critical mineral industry in the territory are bright, and contends that the company has helped show the industry’s potential.

“Certainly the world has a strong demand for rare earths as with all of these critical minerals,” he said. “That’s why these minerals are called critical.

“[Vital Metals] mined the smaller deposit [at Nechalacho] so that they could do proof of concept that they could establish a supply chain of rare earth elements from Canada all the way through to final product, and they did that,” he added.

“I think it’s a tremendous stride that they proved that that could happen with stuff from the Northwest Territories.”

The NWT’s critical minerals industry could become all the more critical in the coming years, with the territory’s three remaining diamond mines all nearing closure. The critical minerals industry won’t replace the diamond mines, but it can help fill the void – provided that the government can entice companies to start digging, Hoefer said.

“The Northwest Territories, and Nunavut for that matter, are hugely attractive from a geological potential,” he said. “Where they suffer is from things like lack of infrastructure, or overly complex regulatory systems, or their geography, which increases the costs. That’s where governments need to start realizing that, yes, we’ve got great potential, but to unlock that potential, we’re going to have to roll up our sleeves and do something about it.

“I think sometimes people think that the reason we have mines is because the mines have come and decided to do what they want to do, but the reality is it’s governments that have a responsibility.”

Tom Taylor, Local Journalism Initiative Reporter, NWT News/North

Vital Metals is developing the Tardiff deposit.

Vital Metals is developing the Tardiff deposit at Nechalacho.

Shenghe Resources Holding, a Chinese corporation, has expressed interest in Greenland's rare earth minerals through its subsidiary Greenland Minerals.

Title:

Content: Greenland ban on uranium mining prevents Chinese companies from expanding rare earths
November 13, 2021 17: 33
Eastern Network Television
More News Clips
As part of its Arctic strategy, China has supported the mining of rare earths in Greenland by Australia ’ s Greenland Minerals, a Chinese-owned subsidiary of Shenghe Resources, through the Belt and Road Initiative.
However, Greenland ’ s parliament passed a new law banning uranium mining and halting the development of rare earth deposits at Kuannersuit, the southern tip of Greenland.
China's rare earth mining accounts for more than 70% of the global mining volume, and China's rare earth magnetic processing volume accounts for 90% of the global processing volume.
Sungho Resources, one of the world ’ s largest producers of rare earth materials, acquired a 12.5% stake in Greenland Minerals in 2016, making it the largest shareholder in the latter.
Guanast in southern Greenland is home to the world ’ s second-largest reserves of rare earths and uranium after China, accounting for 10% of the world ’ s rare earth production.
Since former US President Donald Trump proposed the idea of buying Greenland in 2019, the rich rare earth resources of Guanaster in southern Greenland have attracted attention.
Greenland ’ s local parliament was elected early on April 6. In the end, the pro-environmental left-wing Inuit Ataqatigiit party won the election, and its leader, Mute Egede, became the new prime minister.
He declared that he would do everything in his power to stop the Guanast Rare Earth Mine project.
In response, Greenland ’ s parliament has passed a new bill aimed at banning exploration of uranium deposits, as well as other radioactive deposits such as thorium, and halting the development of rare earth deposits at the southern tip of Greenland.

What countries are invested in Greenland Minerals corp?

What is one of the global key REE manufacturers?

Which company has become the largest sharesholder in Greenland Minerals?

The United States and China are significant players in the Global Rare Earth Elements Market, with China currently dominating the scene and the United States having a critical mineral strategy in place.

"The United States and China are significant players in the Global Rare Earth Elements Market."

China and the United States are significant players in the Global Rare Earth Elements Market due to their large production and reserves of rare earth elements.

The United States and China are significant players in the Global Rare Earth Elements Market, with China currently holding a near-monopoly and the US having historically been a major supplier.

China and the United States are significant players in the Global Rare Earth Elements Market, with China dominating the market in terms of mining and processing volume.

"Greenland's attractive mining environment is due to its favourable legal framework, making it an appealing location for mining businesses, including those interested in rare earth minerals."

Why AEX consider Greenland a favorable mining location?

Greenland's favourable legal framework and supportive government make it an attractive location for mining businesses, particularly for gold exploration.

Why AEX consider Greenland a favorable mining location?

China's new regulations on rare earth supplies will come into effect on October 1, but the provided information does not address the investor's questions about Greenland's rare earth minerals.

Title:

Content: China tightens rare earth regulations amid rising global competition

Company News

by Glenn Dyer

Are the growing number of rare earth projects in Australia and elsewhere starting to force China onto the back foot?

The likes of Lynas (and its expanded product line from 2025), Iluka, Northern Minerals, and Arafura (Nolans) are starting to be felt globally, along with projects in the US, Canada, southern Africa, Sweden, and Norway.

Chinese interests tried to sneak a takeover of Northern Minerals before being stopped by the Australian government last month.

China is obviously starting to feel the heat, and it has reacted defensively by restricting exports of some rare minerals, such as germanium and gallium. Now, the controls are being expanded.

For a tightly controlled, Communist Party-run country, it's odd that ownership has never been made explicit for such a key mineral.

On Saturday, the Chinese government unveiled a list of rare earth regulations aimed at protecting supplies in the name of national security.

The new rules, which start on October 1, will cover the mining, smelting, and trade in rare earths used to make products from magnets in electric vehicles to consumer electronics.

The regulations, issued by the State Council or cabinet, state that rare earth resources belong to the state, and that the government will oversee the development of the industry around rare earths.

That’s a group of 17 minerals, of which China has, in recent years, become the world's dominant producer, accounting for nearly 90% of global refined output.

Their global industrial significance is such that, under a law that entered into force in May, the EU set ambitious 2030 targets for domestic production of minerals crucial in the green transition—particularly rare earths due to their use in permanent magnets that power motors in EVs and wind energy.

The EU sees demand rising sixfold in the decade to 2030 and sevenfold by 2050.

The new Chinese regulations state the State Council will establish a rare earth product traceability information system.

Enterprises operating in rare earth mining, smelting, separation, and the export of rare earth products will be required to establish a product flow record system, shall "truthfully" record the flow, and shall enter it into the traceability system, the State Council said in a statement on Saturday.

China already last year introduced restrictions on exports of the elements germanium and gallium, used widely in the chip-making sector, citing the need to protect national security and interests.

It also banned the export of technology to make rare earth magnets, in addition to imposing a ban on technology to extract and separate rare earths.

Those rules fanned fears that restrictions in rare earth supplies might increase tensions with the West, particularly the United States, which accuses China of using economic coercion to influence other countries. Beijing denies the claim.

China's rare earth regulations also come as the EU gears up to impose provisional tariffs on Chinese EVs on July 4 to protect the 27-state bloc from what it says is a flood of EVs produced with unfair state subsidies, though both sides have said they plan talks on the proposed tariffs.

Glenn Dyer

Glenn Dyer has been a finance journalist and TV producer for more than 40 years. He has worked at Maxwell Newton Publications, Queensland Newspapers, AAP, The Australian Financial Review, The Nine Network and Crikey.

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Mosaic, a phosphate mining company, is funding research on extracting rare earth elements from phosphate ore.

Title:

Content: Rare earth minerals — metals that are critical components for much of the technology in use today — are in high demand, but experts say most of the country’s supply is imported.

What You Need To Know

  • Researchers study what it would take to source rare earth elements during the process used to make fertilizer

  • The lab’s research is funded primarily through the U.S. Department of Energy

  • Grant money was also awarded more recently by Mosaic, the largest phosphate mining company in Florida

But now, researchers with the Florida Industrial and Phosphate Research Institute say there is an opportunity to tap into a domestic supply in Florida.

The research is taking place at the institute’s lab on the Florida Polytechnic Institute campus in Bartow, where they have been studying what it would take to source rare earth elements during the process used to make fertilizer.

The elements can be found in high concentrations in phosphate ore, which is already being mined by fertilizer companies. Researchers say there is the potential for fertilizer companies to add in an extra step during their production process to gather those elements.

“We get that from them, we can break it down with the leaching apparatus, pull the rare earths out of that," said lab manager Aaron Medley.

Medley says if Florida’s fertilizer companies adopt the new process, the United States could start supplying the bulk of its own rare earth minerals domestically, with 50% of what’s needed coming from Florida alone.

The lab’s research is funded primarily through the U.S. Department of Energy.

However, grant money was also awarded more recently by Mosaic, the largest phosphate mining company in Florida.

Spectrum News reached out to Mosaic for more information, but has yet to hear back.

Mosaic, a phosphate mining company, is funding research on extracting rare earth elements from phosphate ore, which could contribute to domestic supply in the United States.

Brazilian Rare Earths Limited is a company interested in extracting rare earth minerals, with ongoing projects in rare earth provinces.

Title:

Content:
Brazilian Rare Earths Limited (ASX:BRE) Announces New Rare Earth Discovery - The Pele Project

(MENAFN- ABN Newswire)

Brazilian Rare Earths Limited (ASX:BRE) is pleased to report the first batch of re-assay results from the Rio Tinto exploration dataset and the receipt of new assays from BRE drilling across the Rocha da Rocha Rare Earth Province in Bahia, Brazil.
- Discovery of a new district-scale rare earth exploration project, named the 'Pele Project', located circa 60km southwest of Monte Alto
- The Pele Project is highly prospective for ultra-high grade REE-Nb-Sc mineralisation with a district-scale exploration target area that is +30 times larger than Monte Alto
- Pele discovered using the exploration pathfinders that successfully delineated the world-class ultra-high grade Monte Alto Project, including intense geophysical anomalies, confirmed hard rock REE outcrops and high-grade monazite sands at surface
- Initial ground reconnaissance at Pele Target 1 has discovered the largest continuous hard rock monazite outcrop found since exploration commenced at the province, and it currently extends over a strike of ~30m (open) within a larger 1km NNE potential outcrop trendline
- This large-scale monazite outcrop recorded gamma readings comparable to the ultra-high grade REENb-Sc mineralisation at Monte Alto, which returned exceptional grades of up to 5.9% (59,100ppm) NdPr, 3,229ppm DyTb , 1.5% niobium and 352ppm scandium
- High-grade monazite sand intercepts of up to 11.5% TREO from the first batch of re-assays from Rio Tinto drill holes across the Pele exploration target, with assays pending for 220 high-priority drill holes (2,700m) that cover Pele's intense geophysical anomalies
- Comprehensive gamma line surveys will be expedited over the highly prospective 15km exploration corridors on Pele Targets 1-4 in preparation for a maiden diamond drilling program
A new rare earth discovery, the Pele Project, has been made ~60km southwest of Monte Alto. This greenfield discovery is highly prospective for ultra-high grade REE-Nb-Sc mineralisation, with multiple exploration pathfinders indicating the scale of a world-class rare earth mineralised system.
Pele contains the most extensive area of intense geophysical anomalies within BRE's province-scale ~4,000km2 landholdings. Pele Target 1 is distinguished by the largest continuous hard rock monazite cumulate outcrop discovered since exploration commenced at the province, and it currently extends over a strike of ~30m (open) within a larger 1km NNE potential hard rock outcrop trendline.
The latest assay results from the wider regional exploration program and the initial results from the Rio Tinto re-assay program confirm the exceptional potential for new rare earth discoveries across BRE's landholdings.
These exploration landholdings were strategically acquired to secure control of the Volta do Rio Plutonic Suite mineralised trendline that stretches over 160km down the spine of the Rocha da Rocha Rare Earth Province (Figure 2*).
The Volta do Rio Plutonic Suite (VRPS) is hosted within the Archean age Jequie Complex and forms the prime exploration target zone for ultra-high grade REE-Nb-Sc mineralisation. The VRPS is distinguished by a bimodal formation of granitoids and REE-Nb-Sc rich leucogranites. The high-grade REE-Nb-Sc leucogranites are layered within the province scale VRPS from the separation progression of the parent magma.
Brazilian Rare Earths' CEO and MD, Bernardo da Veiga, commented:
"Less than two years after the discovery of the Monte Alto project we are pleased to announce our fourth greenfield rare earth project at this world-class rare earth province.
The Pele Project is district-scale rare earth project with an exploration target area that is over 30 times larger than the Monte Alto Project. The scale of the exploration opportunity is exceptional and the recent discovery of a massive monazite mineralised outcrop at Pele Target 1 indicates the potential for a major rare earth endowment.
With the proven Monte Alto exploration pathfinders already at hand at Pele, and the extensive assay results from the Rio Tinto dataset now imminent, we now intend to accelerate plans for a maiden diamond drilling program at Pele."
Monte Alto Project - Successful Exploration Pathfinders
The discovery of the world-class Monte Alto project was based on three key exploration pathfinders:
- Geophysical anomaly: BRE's proprietary airborne radiometric survey defined an intense geophysical anomaly over Monte Alto
- Monazite sands: Auger drilling at Monte Alto intersected high grade (+1% TREO) monazite sands near surface. These monazite sands represent a highly weathered 'outcrop' of REE-Nb-Sc mineralisation and a significant indicator for potential ultra-high grade REE-Nb-Sc mineralisation at depth
- Hard rock REE-Nb-Sc outcrops: The discovery of REE-Nb-Sc boulders and outcrops supported the exploration model for ultra-high grade REE-Nb-Sc mineralisation at depth
BRE completed a comprehensive gamma line survey at Monte Alto to map a high-grade monazite sand corridor which then underpinned the design of the maiden diamond drilling program. This maiden diamond drilling program successfully discovered ultra-high grade REE-Nb-Sc mineralisation at Monte Alto.
Pele Project Discovery - Confirmed Exploration Pathfinders
The Pele Project has been discovered using the same exploration pathfinders that were successfully proven at the ultra-high grade Monte Alto Project.
- Geophysical anomaly: Airborne radiometric survey data across the Pele Project area defines a cumulative 15km chain of intense geophysical anomalies for targeted exploration
- Monazite sands: The first batch of re-assays from Rio Tinto auger drilling returned high grades of up to 11.5% TREO. As with Monte Alto, the exploration model is that these monazite sands represent highly weathered 'outcrops' of REE-Nb-Sc mineralisation
- Hard rock outcrops: Initial field reconnaissance at Pele discovered extensive monazite cumulate outcrops with comparable gamma readings to the ultra-high grade mineralisation at Monte Alto
Pele Geophysical Anomaly
Analysis of the airborne radiometric data over the Pele Project identified an extensive chain of intense anomalies recurring on the eastern and western limbs of the regional Tres Bracos syncline. These anomalies across Pele Targets 1-4 have a cumulative strike of ~15km and define a highly prospective exploration target area that is over 30 times larger than the Monte Alto project (Figure 4*).
Pele Ground Reconnaissance - Large-scale Monazite Outcrop Discovery
The BRE exploration team recently conducted initial ground reconnaissance exploration over the southern zone of the Pele Project area (Pele Target 1). A gamma spectrometry survey quickly discovered the largest continuous hard rock monazite outcrop found since exploration commenced at the province, which currently extends over a strike of ~30m (open) within a larger 1km NNE potential outcrop trendline (Figure 4 and 5*).
BRE geophysicists used a RS-230 Portable Gamma Spectrometer positioned over the outcrops to measure a Count of gamma particles Per Second (CPS). There is an established strong correlation between high CPS readings and the high grade REE-Nb-Sc mineralisation at the Monte Alto project.
Gamma spectrometry has thus proven to be an effective method to identify primary high-grade REE-Nb-Sc mineralisation throughout the entire province. This ground based geophysical survey method led to the discovery of REE-Nb-Sc mineralisation at the Monte Alto, Velhinhas and Sulista projects.
High CPS values were recorded at multiple outcrops along an extensive 1km trendline at Pele Target 1, located at the south-western extent of the Pele Project exploration area (Figure 4*). Ground based surveys recorded CPS values ranging from 12,000 to the maximum detectible level of 65,500 at sites R589 and R590 (see Figure 6*).
These gamma survey sites define a large-scale monazite cumulate outcrop that currently strikes ~30m and is open (Figure 7*), within a larger 1km NNE potential hard rock outcrop trendline. The recorded CPS values are comparable to those measured for the ultra-high grade REE-Nb-Sc mineralisation at Monte Alto and represent an intensity of ~20 to 50 times the background CPS values for the region.
Rio Tinto Re-Assay Program
The highest priority Rio Tinto auger drill samples that cover the VRPS and key geophysical anomalies have now been dispatched for re-assay. Exploration assay results for over 11,000m of these high-priority drill holes are expected in the coming months.
The first batch of the rare earth re-assays that cover the Pele target confirmed shallow mineralisation with grades of +1% TREO, and monazite sands have been visually confirmed in the drill hole samples. Significant assays from the surface saprolite include:
- 19m at 4.2% TREO from 0.5m, with 20.8% of NdPr and 1.2% of DyTb (AMBX3124)
- 14m at 0.5% TREO from surface, with 19.4% of NdPr and 0.9% of DyTb (AMBX3141)
- Including 3.5m at 10.7% TREO from 3.5m, with 19.2% of NdPr and 0.9% of DyTb, and
- 1m at 10.4% TREO from 13m, with 20.8% of NdPr and 1.1% of DyTb (AMBX3141 - open at depth)
- 2m at 1.1% TREO from 9m, with 19.5% of NdPr and 0.6% of DyTb (AMBX1492)
The first batch of re-assays included results from 152 Rio Tinto drill holes at the Pele target with an average depth of 14m. These holes targeted the upper laterite layer and, as such, the REE enriched saprolite horizons below this depth remain largely untested. The highest-grade rare earth assay value of 0.5m at 11.5% TREO was intersected at the end of hole MBX3141 at 13, with the mineralisation open at depth. BRE will deploy auger and sonic drilling to extend the exploration into the REE enriched saprolite horizons.
As illustrated in Figure 8* below, the Pele exploration target area is extensively covered by shallow Rio Tinto auger drilling and there are 220 pending re-assay results (~2,700m) that are expected to be received in the coming months.
Surface Drilling at Monte Alto and Velhinhas Projects
In addition to the Phase II diamond drilling campaign underway at the Monte Alto project, an auger drilling program has advanced across the project area to extend the monazite sand resource estimate of 25.2 Mt at 1.0% TREO.
Auger drilling across the Monte Alto exploration project area continues to discover shallow high-grade rare earth mineralisation. Significant new rare earth assays include:
- 21 at 1.9% TREO from surface, with 13.3% of NdPr and 0.7% of DyTb (STU0957)
- Including 1.9m at 10.4% TREO from 20m, with 14.4% of NdPr and 0.8% of DyTb (STU0957 - open at depth)
- 19m at 4.8% TREO from surface with 14.9% of NdPr and 0.8% of DyTb (STU0969 - open at depth)
- Including 7.5m at 10.5% TREO from 0.5m, with 14.5% of NdPr and 0.8% of DyTb (STU0969)
- 15m at 2.6% TREO from 9m, with 18.1% of NdPr and 0.9% of DyTb (STU0551)
Significant new assays from the shallow auger drilling exploration program at the Velhinhas project include:
- 13 at 0.9% TREO from surface, with 17.8% of NdPr and 0.9% of DyTb (STU0596 - open at depth)
- Including 4m at 2.8% TREO from 4m, with 18.0% of NdPr and 0.9% of DyTb (SSU0097)
- 19m at 1.3% TREO from surface, with 17.1% of NdPr and 0.7% of DyTb (STU0867)
- Including 5m at 4.6% TREO from 4m, with 17.3% of NdPr and 0.6% of DyTb (STU0867)
Next Steps
The highest priority Rio Tinto auger drill samples that cover the VRPS and key geophysical anomalies have now been dispatched for re-assay. Exploration assay results for over 11,000m from these high-priority drill holes are expected in the coming months.
At Pele Target 1, detailed ground reconnaissance and gamma line surveys will be expedited over the potential 1km monazite cumulate outcrop trendline. Once the extensive outcrops and surface rock formations are systematically mapped, this highly prospective exploration trendline will be drill ready for step-back holes to explore the full extent of the mineralised system at depth.
Comprehensive gamma line surveys will be conducted over the highly prospective ~15km exploration corridors at Pele Targets 2, 3 and 4 to assist with the design of targeted diamond drilling exploration programs.
The Phase II extension and infill diamond drilling campaign at the Monte Alto project remains on schedule and is expected to be completed by mid-year.
At the Sulista Project, the diamond drillhole to twin the historical high-grade REE-Nb-Sc intercept has been completed and dispatched with the historical core samples for laboratory assays. Mineralized intercepts +1% TREO from within the historical database of ~5,000m of auger drill holes have also been sent for laboratory reassay with results expected early in the second quarter. Ground based reconnaissance and gamma line surveys are now underway across the Sulista exploration project area to map the full extent of surface rare earth mineralisation.
*To view tables and figures, please visit:
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Bernardo da Veiga MD and CEO Brazilian Rare Earths ...

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