"Recent research does not support the Mozart Effect, as a study found no significant differences in cognitive performance when subjects listened to classical music during information consolidation or both phases."

"A recent study published in Scientific Reports found no evidence to support the Mozart Effect, suggesting that Mozart's music does not have a beneficial effect on cognitive performance or alleviate symptoms in patients with epilepsy."

"Classical music, specifically Mozart's, has been shown to improve cognitive performance, including spatial reasoning tasks, and can help slow cognitive decline in older adults."

"A recent study by the University of Vienna found no evidence to support the claim that Mozart's music, specifically his sonata KV448, has a beneficial effect on epilepsy patients, contradicting previous beliefs about the 'Mozart Effect'."

The Mozart Effect suggests that listening to Mozart's music can temporarily improve cognitive performance, particularly in tasks related to intellectual abilities.

The Mozart Effect can improve tasks that require concentration and memory, such as reading, by stimulating the brain's nervous system with high-frequency waves and putting the brain in a state of concentration.

"The Mozart Effect, which suggests that listening to Mozart's music can improve cognitive performance, has been largely debunked by recent research. A study by the University of Vienna found no reliable evidence to support the claim that Mozart's music alleviates symptoms of epilepsy, casting doubt on its overall effectiveness."

The Mozart Effect suggests that listening to Mozart's music can improve mental performance, particularly when studying or writing.

"The Mozart Effect can improve cognitive performance, particularly in spatial reasoning tasks, and classical music is the most helpful type of music for this purpose."

One of Mozart's notable masterworks is the Sinfonia Concertante in E-flat, K. 364.

One of Mozart's notable masterworks is his Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major.

One of Mozart's notable masterworks is the K. 491 piano concerto in C minor.

One of Mozart's notable masterworks is his 'K. 491' piano concerto, which is known for being composed in a minor key and having a stormy rhetoric in its first movement.

One of Mozart's notable masterworks is his piano concerto K. 491.

The study on the effects of music on memory was published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.

A recent study published in 2023 investigated the effects of background music on memory in individuals with mild cognitive impairment, which may have implications for the use of music as a therapeutic tool in cognitive stimulation.

Mozart's music is believed to stimulate the nervous system by contributing to the development of intellectual abilities, as shown by psychologist Francis Rauscher's experiment in 1995.

The property of Mozart's music believed to stimulate the nervous system is its high-frequency waves, which can improve physiological function and increase concentration and memory.

Recent research has found no reliable evidence to support the idea that Mozart's music has a beneficial effect on epilepsy, casting doubt on the notion that his music can stimulate the nervous system in a specific way.

Mozart's music is believed to stimulate the nervous system and improve cognitive performance, particularly in spatial reasoning tasks, due to its complex and harmonious melodies.

Mozart's music is believed to stimulate the nervous system due to its complex and harmonious structure, which can improve cognitive performance, particularly in spatial reasoning tasks.

The tempo of Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major is approximately 132 BPM.

Mozart's music is considered beneficial for therapy due to its high-frequency waves, which can stimulate the brain's nervous system and improve physiological function, leading to increased concentration and memory.

Mozart and Beethoven's music is believed to have a positive effect on concentration and productivity, making it a potential candidate for therapy.

Mozart's music is considered beneficial for therapy and cognitive performance, with evidence suggesting it can improve mental performance, known as the "Mozart Effect".

Mozart's music is considered to have a positive effect on cognitive performance and is often used in music therapy to improve spatial reasoning tasks.

"Classical music, particularly Mozart's, is considered best for therapy due to its positive effects on cognitive performance and memory recall."

"The effects of classical music can last for hours or even days after the music stops, as evidenced by its impact on people with dementia, where it can improve mood, behavior, and cognitive function."

The effects of classical music, specifically Mozart's music, can last for a short period of time, approximately two minutes, but may not be long-lasting, as evidenced by a study on pain relief in newborns.

The genre of music suggested to improve mental abilities is "high-arousal" music, which may include classical music, as it can have a positive effect on memory for certain individuals.

Classical music, including Mozart's, is suggested to improve mental abilities due to its therapeutic effect on the body and mind.

Classical music, specifically Mozart, is suggested to improve mental abilities.

The genre of music suggested to improve mental abilities is classical music, specifically Mozart.

The genre of music suggested to improve mental abilities is classical music, specifically Mozart, due to its high-frequency waves that can stimulate the brain's nervous system and improve physiological function.

"Listening to classical music, such as Mozart's, can have a positive effect on concentration and productivity, as supported by psychologist Francis Rauscher's experiment in 1995."

Listening to Mozart's music can improve concentration and productivity by stimulating the brain's nervous system and putting it in a state of concentration, which can lead to improved cognitive performance.

Mozart's music, particularly his smooth piano pieces, can have a positive effect on concentration and productivity, as evidenced by 'The Mozart Effect'.

"Music can improve concentration and productivity, with the Mozart Effect suggesting that listening to Mozart's music can temporarily improve cognitive performance. Certain types of music, such as ambient and jazz instrumental melodies, can be effective in enhancing creativity and focus."

"Music can affect concentration and productivity, with lyrics being potentially distracting for writing tasks, while familiar music may be beneficial for focus."

The University of Tokyo led a study on the effect of classical music, specifically Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major, on beat synchronization in rats and humans.

The Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) led a study on the effect of classical music, which was led by researcher Marco Calabria.

Concordia University, along with other institutions, led a study on the effect of classical music on cognitive impairment.

The study on classical music's effect is related to the University of Catalonia (UOC), as one of the researchers is a member of the teaching staff on the UOC's Master's Degree in Neuropsychology.

The University of Bern in Switzerland led a study on classical music's effect, analyzing audience members' reactions to different musical styles.

The research results were published in the journal Scientific Reports.

The research results on the Mozart Effect were published in the journal Pediatrics.

The research results of the Mozart effect study were published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.

The research results on the effect of background music on cognitive tasks were published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.

The research results on the Mozart Effect were published in Scientific Reports, indicating that Mozart's music does not have a beneficial effect on epilepsy symptoms.

The University of Bern study analyzed 132 audience members across three concerts.

The University of Bern study involved 100 participants, all of whom were babies, with 54 of them exposed to Mozart's music.

According to scientists, Mozart's music has a therapeutic effect on the brain due to its high-frequency waves, which can stimulate the nervous system and improve physiological function, leading to improved cognitive performance.

Mozart's music is believed to have a therapeutic effect on cognitive function, particularly in spatial reasoning tasks, as supported by the concept of "The Mozart Effect".

"Classical music, particularly Mozart's, has been shown to have a positive therapeutic effect and can help improve cognitive performance, making it a potentially useful tool for improving students' performance."

Classical music, particularly Mozart, has a therapeutic effect on the brain, improving cognitive performance and reducing the risk of dementia.

"Mozart's music has been found to have a therapeutic effect, with a study showing that it can reduce pain in newborns undergoing medical tests, which supports the idea of the Mozart Effect."

Classical music promotes the production of hormones such as dopamine, serotonin, and oxytocin in the brain, which can increase the sense of pleasure and ease, while also reducing stress hormone cortisol levels.

The babies listened to Mozart's music for 20 minutes before and during the blood collection, and an additional 5 minutes after the blood collection, totaling 25 minutes.

The Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation funded the research on the effects of music on memory.

The research on music's impact on cognitive processes, including memory, is funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of the Government of Spain, and may have implications for understanding the Mozart Effect.

The study on the Mozart effect was published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.

The study on classical music was published in Scientific Reports.

The study on the effect of classical music on newborns was published in the journal Pediatrics.

"Recent research does not support the Mozart Effect, as a study found no significant differences in cognitive performance when subjects listened to classical music during information consolidation or both phases."

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Content: 4/25/23 · Research

The beneficial effects of music on memory may depend on how it is listened to

The initial results of the study of the 'Mozart effect' on neurodegeneration show that listening to classical music in the background has no benefits for learning
The research has been carried out with people experiencing mild cognitive impairment, and it did find individual differences when listening to 'high-arousal' music

Listening to 'high-arousal' music could have a positive effect on memory for people who are accustomed to using music as an emotional regulator (Image: Clem Onojeghuo, Unsplash)

Given the lack of effective treatments to counteract cognitive impairment, background music has traditionally been proposed as a possible therapeutic alternative for improving memory-related tasks. Its effect has long been the focus of debate, but this relationship has now been found to be possibly determined by new interindividual parameters, which means that it may be more complex than was previously thought. This is shown by research led by Marco Calabria, a researcher in the Cognitive Neurolab group of the Faculty of Health Sciences at the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), who is now considering new experiments.

The initial results of the Mozart effect and memory in patients with cognitive impairment (MEM-COG) study, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, suggest that listening to background classical music while performing memory tasks neither improves nor impairs learning levels among people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, listening to more 'high-arousal' music was found to have a possible positive effect on people who are accustomed to using music as an emotional regulator in their everyday lives, which suggests there is potential for further hypotheses and research.

The study, which has been published as open access in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, was carried out with patients at the neuropsychology unit of Barcelona's Hospital de Sant Pau, and involved researchers at the hospital, Montreal's Concordia University and Madrid's Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute.

There is no universal effect

"We found no general impact concerning the effect of music in terms of whether it had positive or negative effects on learning in cases of MCI, but we did find that it would be modulated for each individual. If people regularly use music as an emotional regulator in their daily life, such as to help them remain calm or for company, they will find it easier to obtain further benefits from music when they have to learn something new," explained Calabria, who has a PhD in Psychobiology.

The subjects of the study were people with mild amnestic cognitive impairment, i.e. they have memory problems as a result of an onset of neurodegeneration that is more specific in the parts of the brain dealing with aspects of learning and memory. The experiments consisted of observing 24 photographs of human faces. Participants were instructed to memorize them, and 10 minutes later, they were asked to look at a new series containing the previous 24 images and 24 new ones, in order to attempt to identify the ones that they had already seen.

A classical choice

The first test was performed with the subjects listening to classical music in the information consolidation phase but not in the recovery phase, while in the second exercise it was repeated with the auditory stimulus during both phases. However, no significant differences were observed in terms of results.

Classical music was used in these exercises because "it's a type of music that falls between relaxing and arousing, and has proven to be the most effective for enhancing memory". Furthermore, the fact that it is instrumental reduces the interference (that can come from lyrics) with the content that the participants have to learn in the memory task.

A ray of light

However, Calabria's team wanted to carry out a third experiment using popular music which was considered arousing rather than relaxing, and after a preliminary study, they used an instrumental version of Un rayo de sol (A ray of light), by the group Los Diablos. In that experiment, according to Calabria, the results suggested that "the use of music as a strategy for mood regulation is associated with better performance in memory tasks."

Ongoing research

This finding opens up the possibility of further research to continue exploring the role of interindividual preferences and attitudes towards music among patients with MCI. The group plans to continue the project until late 2024.

During this time, it will investigate whether background music could be more useful in other cognitive domains, such as in attention and concentration in patients with Parkinson's disease. The experiments will also involve the use of a new infrared spectroscopy device in the Neuro Lab, one of the recently opened new laboratories at the UOC, which will show the activation at the cerebral level while cognitive processes are taking place. This will help to determine whether or not there are any alterations in the brain's modulation, in which areas this takes place, and whether it depends on the type of person studied, regardless of the level of response to music.

In overall terms, this will help to find a type of marker which determines the people most likely to benefit from music in cognitive tasks. "The more we know about how background music shapes cognitive processes, the better the use we can make of music as a therapeutic tool in cognitive stimulation," concluded Calabria, an expert in the study of cognitive processes and a member of teaching staff on the UOC's Master's Degree in Neuropsychology.

This research project receives funding from the Ministry of Science and Innovation of the Government of Spain, and contributes to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) number 3, Good health and well-being.

Reference article:

Calabria, Marco et al. 'Background Music and Memory in Mild Cognitive Impairment: The Role of Interindividual Differences'. 1 Jan. 2023: 815 – 829. DOI: 10.3233/JAD-221051

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Sònia Armengou Casanovas
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+34 619 413 823

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The UOC's research and innovation (R&I) is helping overcome pressing challenges faced by global societies in the 21st century by studying interactions between technology and human & social sciences with a specific focus on the network society, e-learning and e-health.

Over 500 researchers and more than 50 research groups work in the UOC's seven faculties, its eLearning Research programme and its two research centres: the Internet Interdisciplinary Institute (IN3) and the eHealth Center (eHC).

The university also develops online learning innovations at its eLearning Innovation Center (eLinC), as well as UOC community entrepreneurship and knowledge transfer via the Hubbik platform.

Open knowledge and the goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development serve as strategic pillars for the UOC's teaching, research and innovation. More information: research.uoc.edu.

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"A recent study published in Scientific Reports found no evidence to support the Mozart Effect, suggesting that Mozart's music does not have a beneficial effect on cognitive performance or alleviate symptoms in patients with epilepsy."

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Scientists have dispelled the myth that Mozart ’ s music helps with epilepsy
Scientists from the University of Vienna have dispelled the myth that Mozart ’ s major sonata KV448 can alleviate the symptoms of epilepsy.
The results of the study are presented in the journal Scientific Reports.
According to the authors of the work, they could not find evidence of the above theory.
In the past, it was believed that Mozart ’ s music had many positive effects on a person, for example, it increases the intelligence of the fetus if a pregnant woman listened to it.
Recently, a number of studies have shown that KV448 sonata alleviates symptoms in patients with epilepsy.
In their work, scientists analyzed these studies, as well as other scientific literature.
As it turned out, there is no reliable evidence of the beneficial effect of the melody.
According to the authors, erroneous results could have been obtained due to selective reporting and small samples.
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"Classical music, specifically Mozart's, has been shown to improve cognitive performance, including spatial reasoning tasks, and can help slow cognitive decline in older adults."

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The doctor ’ s words / When the mentally retarded person meets the familiar sound
In 2023, an estimated 6.7 million Americans aged 65 and older have Alzheimer ’ s disease.
Dementia in the elderly is an incurable disease. It is easy for patients to become isolated, because they will feel isolated and helpless about their own uselessness, and they are used to being alone in order to avoid embarrassment.
In the latter stages, they often lose the ability to communicate with people around them.
It is very painful for the patients themselves and the caregivers and family members who care for them.
In recent years, it has been found that music therapy can intervene and make up for this lack of progress.
It also increases the patient ’ s engagement with the surrounding environment and reduces many neurological symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, and unexplained tantrums.
In other words, when people with dementia are unable to connect with their loved ones, that is, when they are unable to speak their language, music is the last bridge to interact with each other.
Q1: Do people with dementia have special feelings about music?
A1: According to nearly a decade of research by the Department of Neurology at Northwestern University, it has been found that even though people with dementia lose language and other memories, memories related to music often remain in the brain.
This is because areas of the brain involved in musical memory (e.g., the cerebellum) are not affected until late in the disease process.
Familiar music can help people with dementia recover certain aspects of their memory, make them feel calm, and greatly improve their mood.
Q2: Why do people with dementia remember their favorite songs?
A2: Although suffering from severe dementia, it means that a person has very little memory of their past.
Even if you can ’ t remember your son ’ s name, familiar songs that you ’ ve heard and sung will always come to mind.
Q3: In addition to music, is listening to the radio good for elderly people with dementia?
A3: In fact, the radio can not only provide good music, but also play emotional dialogue, which can truly relieve the loneliness of the dementia patient and bring comfort and peace.
Q4: How do people with dementia react to music?
A4: According to the research of clinical psychiatrists, it is found that people with dementia who are generally slow to respond to music, especially to their favorite music.
Hearing a familiar concert naturally shows a pleasant response, such as smiling or moving your body or even starting to dance.
And it seems to produce a unique and powerful stimulus response to familiar music that awakens the patient ’ s past personal and social connections.
In theory, if music can evoke memories, it may also help patients evoke other memories or related memories of that period.
In several studies, it has been consistently found that music tends to evoke more positive and positive memories from life than other clues.
Q5: Can music also prevent cognitive decline?
A5: Playing and listening to music can help slow the decline of cognitive function in older adults, according to a new study in Medical Journal Today.
Active note vibrations increase gray matter in certain areas of the brain and increase the plasticity of brain cells. Although music does not reverse or prevent brain cell shrinkage due to aging, it can slow cognitive decline.
Q6: What kind of music is most helpful?
A6: Studies have proved that classical music is the best choice.
The International Institute of Science calls this phenomenon the "Mozart effect."
It is recommended to listen to classical music such as Mozart, Bach, Beethoven and other famous composers.
Classical music seems to move the brain more easily than other music, is best suited for concentration, and is more able to produce substantial effects in absorbing new information.
Q7: Do musicians suffer from dementia?
A7: According to the International Institute of Science, a study of twins reported that musicians have a 64% lower risk of developing mild cognitive impairment or dementia.
The analysis of two other studies found that musicians had an average 59% lower risk of dementia.
Training and performance, which can be attributed to music, stimulates the brain and improves its ability to respond to the outside world.
Q8: Which organ is most stimulated by music?
A8: Although most activities such as visual art, computing, and language are mainly only half of the brain.
But music is one of the few that can pass through the auditory nerve and stimulate neurons on both sides of the brain at the same time.
Q9: How does music react in the brain?
A9: Music can promote the production of hormones dopamine and serotonin in the brain.
These are neurotransmitters that increase the sense of pleasure and ease.
There is also the so-called love hormone - oxytocin.
At the same time, research evidence shows that music can help reduce levels of the stress hormone cortisol, instantly relieving feelings of anxiety and depression.
Q10: How long does the music last?
A10: It ’ s a concern that in people with dementia, music can improve mood, behavior, and in some cases cognitive function, which, according to the Clinical Psychiatric Society, lasts for hours or even days after the music stops.
Q11: Can people without dementia benefit from music?
A11: A recent study suggests that playing an instrument and actively listening to music can help slow cognitive decline in people aged 62-78.
This study once again determined that musical activity increases the gray matter in many areas of the brain. Gray matter is an essential nerve tissue in the brain and spinal cord.
In particular, it plays an important role in psychology, memory, mood and movement. The increase in gray matter also increases the plasticity of the brain ’ s nerves – the brain ’ s ability to reconnect itself, which is important for learning cognition and memory preservation.
In addition to actively playing music, the 2023 study also showed that long-term music training, regardless of the age of the participants, can bring potential functional benefits to the brain and help keep the brain young and slow down aging.
(The author is a practicing physician in the Greater Washington area)
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"A recent study by the University of Vienna found no evidence to support the claim that Mozart's music, specifically his sonata KV448, has a beneficial effect on epilepsy patients, contradicting previous beliefs about the 'Mozart Effect'."

The Mozart Effect suggests that listening to Mozart's music can temporarily improve cognitive performance, particularly in tasks related to intellectual abilities.

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Test: How educated are you?
A quiz will tell you if you are as smart as you think you are.
Having a reputation of an educated person and an intellectual interlocutor is honorable and pleasant.
Many people would like to shine in the company of mind, savvy and wit, but it turns out that not everyone.
Good news for those who were already desperate - intelligence can be pumped with the help of special classes and exercises.
It is worth paying attention to them if you want to become smarter.
The first and most obvious advice that experts give is to read more.
It is desirable not a tape in social networks, but serious literature, in which there are complex constructions, and rare words, and detailed sentences.
In second place in the ranking of doping for the brain - listening to classical music.
In 1995, psychologist Francis Rauscher experimentally found that Mozart ’ s works contribute to the development of intellectual abilities.
Researchers also recommend training your memory.
To do this, you need to allocate a little time every day (half an hour will be enough) for memorizing poems.
In school years, many hated to learn rhymed lines by heart, and meanwhile this is a very useful activity for the brain.
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The Mozart Effect can improve tasks that require concentration and memory, such as reading, by stimulating the brain's nervous system with high-frequency waves and putting the brain in a state of concentration.

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Content: Fung Ying Ying Little Red Book 5 Great Books to Read and Listen to Mozart? A Drink to Enhance Memory
Author: Colleen
Published: Updated:
Feng Ying Ying graduated with honors from the Department of Food and Nutrition of the University of Hong Kong in 2016, and returned to the campus last year to pursue a master ’ s degree in food industry management and marketing.
Screenshot of Feng Ying's Little Red Book
Feng Ying Ying shared a short video on the mainland social platform Little Red Book, sharing her five tips on reading, saying that not only love needs ritual, learning needs to be. "Serena Williams, the women 's tennis champion, listens to the same song every time she goes out, and will play tennis five times before kick-off." Feng Ying Ying Ying said she has a set of five strokes learning rituals. Better.
1. Create a learning atmosphere
Feng Ying-ying says that when studying, he will put some objects that can motivate him, such as books he likes, or write a memo of his own goals to remind him to study hard, "such as writing on the entrance to a nearby university, or hoping to get a grade in the exam."
Screenshot of Feng Ying's Little Red Book
2. Have a fixed learning time
Feng Ying Ying said that she is not used to staying up all night studying. She goes to bed before 12: 00 every night and usually gets up at 6: 00 in the morning to study. “Because the environment is quiet, less interference, and she will be more focused. ” Breakfast, going for a run, sweating, reading your favorite books, can make you look forward to getting up early. ”
Screenshot of Feng Ying's Little Red Book
3. Listen to music
Although some people suspect that listening to music is distracted during reading, Feng Ying said that the human brain has two attention systems, cognitive and non-cognitive attention systems, which "help us listen to music, especially pure music, our cognitive attention system will be less sensitive", thus making the attention in reading more concentrated and reducing the chance of distraction.
"Mozart's music contains many high-frequency waves above 3500 Hz", high-frequency waves can stimulate the spine to the brain's nervous system, improve physiological function, while listening to Mozart's music, the brain will be in the A-wave state of concentration and memory are going up.
Screenshot of Feng Ying's Little Red Book
4. Drink Green Tea
Feng Ying Ying said that Swiss research has confirmed that the extract in green tea can make the cognitive function of the brain better, can strengthen the human body's cognitive ability and memory, help us to refresh the mind, so that the state of reading is more effective.
Screenshot of Feng Ying's Little Red Book
5. Applying the Law of Attraction
According to the law of attraction, it is not enough to put a note on the goal in the learning environment, you can try to imagine that you have achieved the dream as much as possible, and use this sense of satisfaction to drive you to continue to work hard for the goal, "believe that you have got, you will get".
After the video was released, Internet users in both places also expressed support for Feng Ying Ying, "These films are very high quality", "Very good learning method, I hope I have a goal to go to the exam, can focus on attention", "This Ying Ying Ying is everyone 's favorite, more valuable content output", "I like to do the topic while listening to songs", "Looking forward to you to share learning goods" "There are also many netizens praised Feng Ying Ying's words are correct," she really lazy voice changed a lot, the expression ability is also super strong, in fact, continue to do the chair is also very good. "」

"The Mozart Effect, which suggests that listening to Mozart's music can improve cognitive performance, has been largely debunked by recent research. A study by the University of Vienna found no reliable evidence to support the claim that Mozart's music alleviates symptoms of epilepsy, casting doubt on its overall effectiveness."

The Mozart Effect suggests that listening to Mozart's music can improve mental performance, particularly when studying or writing.

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The Sound of Success: Ideas in Music for Concentration and Productivity

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Does music help you concentrate? Since we spend a lot of time in front of computers trying to finish our work, wouldn’t it be nice to listen to some of music to help concentrate? Well, music lovers, it seems like Mozart and Beethoven could actually help you with your productivity. Beethoven once said: «Music is where the spirit lives, thinks and invents.»

This relationship between music and the brain is an area that has been intensively explored in research. Many studies point to the ability of music to help employees be more productive and help children in their learning process more effectively. University research in France found that students who listened to music for an hour while reading, scored significantly higher on a questionnaire compared to a group of students who read without music.

Your attention span is better when listening to music

It seems that music for concentration puts students in a heightened emotional state, so that they can be more receptive to information. «It is possible that music causes a change in the learning environment and influenced students’ motivation to stay focused while reading, which led to better performance on a multiple-choice questionnaire,» concluded the french research team in a recent article.

But before you start playing any type, you have to find the music that works better for the type of work you are trying to carry do. For example, the classic from the Baroque period is said to do wonders for brain activity when you are studying or writing. But not all classical music is created equal, so dramatic changes and complicated fugue changes may not be as conducive as a smooth piano piece. So if you have to choose a composer, we would say Mozart. There seems to be evidence that Mozart’s improves mental performance: it is called «The Mozart Effect”.

Build a harmonious space

If you don’t like classical, the discreet sound found in ambient music may work well for you instead. What is the purpose of this if you are not at the airport, you ask? Well, for creative purposes, it’s better than emptiness and silence. According to one of its pioneers, musician Brian Eno: “Background music must be able to accommodate many levels of attention when listening, without forcing one in particular. It must be as ignorable as it is interesting ”.

In fact, researchers have shown that a moderate level of noise, such as that found in the environment, can actually get creative juices flowing. Music with especially low-lows or especially high-highs should be avoided. Certain types of jazz instrumental melodies can also get your brain working.

Music without lyrics

In general, if you are doing work that requires writing, you should avoid listening to music with lyrics as the words in a song are especially destructive to your concentration. Since hearing words activates the brain’s language center, attempting to perform tasks related to another language would be like trying to have a conversation while someone else is speaking to you. But, if you are a cartoonist, and you don’t deal with sentence construction, hearing letters may not have the same effect.

Finally, studies show that listening to music you’re already familiar with may be better if you really need to focus. New songs take you into the unknown and your brain will want to listen closely to see what comes next. With the music you are familiar with you know what to expect, so it doesn’t distract you from your work. And if you like the tune you’re listening to try not to whistle it while you work, as that will only distract you.

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"The Mozart Effect can improve cognitive performance, particularly in spatial reasoning tasks, and classical music is the most helpful type of music for this purpose."

One of Mozart's notable masterworks is the Sinfonia Concertante in E-flat, K. 364.

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When the music is Mozart’s, and the conversation is sublime

Where to begin with Mozart? Why not start at the top, with the Sinfonia Concertante.

There are, to be sure, more famous or popular on-ramps. There is the “Turkish March,” responsible for many an earworm. There is “Eine Kleine Nachtmusik,” known from countless commercials. And there is the dazzling Queen of the Night aria, in which the human voice dances at vertigo-inducing heights.

But if your goal is to develop not a passing fancy but rather a deep and abiding love of Mozart’s music — or to feed an affection already instilled — I can think of few better places to start than the Sinfonia Concertante in E-flat, K. 364. This three-movement score, to be performed by Boston Baroque on March 25 and 26, is at once an insider’s masterwork and, for newcomers, a delightfully lucid point of entry into the infectious joy, the wistful beauty, and the glowing sadness of Mozart’s world.

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The work’s uniqueness begins with its instrumentation — it is essentially a double concerto with the solo violin and, crucially, the solo viola accompanied by an orchestra. Pitched one-fifth beneath the violin, and lacking its brilliant E-string, the viola would not really come into its own as a solo instrument until the 20th century — but here it is on visionary display in a score probably written in 1779.

With its midrange amber warmth and its position near the heart of any chord, the viola was Mozart’s favorite instrument to play in chamber music settings. It has also been speculated that he may have written this solo viola part with the intention of playing it himself. Whatever the case, the instrument’s mellow spirit and wise timbre permeates this score. The scholar Charles Rosen has gone as far as describing the work’s “characteristic sound” as “the sonority of the viola translated into the language of the full orchestra.”

But more than simply offering a unique sound world, the Sinfonia Concertante is an exquisite study of two instrumental voices in relationship. That’s a word you might not associate with the concerto genre, more commonly connected with virtuosic display. Indeed Mozart’s own five violin concertos (already in the rear view mirror by the time he came to write this piece) furnish soloists with plenty of material with which to amuse and impress the ear. Even other double concertos — such as, most famously, the Brahms Double, for violin and cello — do not really challenge that conception but rather, at least in the case of the Brahms, thrillingly double down on it.

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But in Mozart’s work the solo lines are constantly in conversation. The first movement is full of both thoughtful dialogue and witty banter between violin and viola, imitative lines dispatched at times with playful one-upmanship. That pervasive dialogue, however, also means that one-half of each soloist’s performance is listening. The act of hearing an “other” is written into the music itself. In fact the two soloists’ fundamental sense of common cause, their unity of purpose, is established from their very first shared entrance, a simple E-flat held in perfect octaves for a sublime eight beats.

The work’s outer movements are both high-spirited excursions, the first with a grander public bearing, the last with a lightly tripping, carefree air. But the work’s central slow movement stands as the piece’s sad and noble heart, an ineffably beautiful series of solo lines laden with an unnamed yet unmistakable grief, leavened only slightly by a sense of reluctant acceptance.

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The orchestra here accompanies the soloists with empathy and care, until one point near the end of the movement, when the ensemble recedes into silence. It’s as if the well-wishing crowd has drifted away, the community has gone home, and the two mourners, having maintained their dignified composure in public, are now left to speak only with each other. For this moment, Mozart supplies a through-written double cadenza, 18 bars of time-stopping music that must be among the most soulful, poignant passages he ever composed.

The piece has been recorded countless times. Among my personal favorites are the father-son accounts of David and Igor Oistrakh, one of which, a performance conducted by Yehudi Menuhin, can be found on YouTube. Oistrakh père was a sovereign violinist, one of the greatest of the 20th century. But here, with a touching humility, a graceful gesture of parental deferral, he steps aside, allowing his son the privilege of playing the violin part, and taking up the viola lines himself with incomparable dignity and warmth.

In their hands the piece becomes a dialogue between generations across time, or one might say, becomes such a dialogue again. Mozart’s own complex relationship with his father, a violinist and pedagogue, hovers somewhere in the background behind all of these notes. As with all great works of art, there are layers within layers here — and a reservoir of meaning deep enough to last a lifetime.

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Jeremy Eichler can be reached at jeremy.eichler@globe.com, or follow him on Twitter @Jeremy_Eichler.

One of Mozart's notable masterworks is his Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major.

Title:

Content: 2022 SU General Election Full Supplement

Illustration by Valery Perez

Rats have more rhythm than you think

By Sheroog Kubur, November 30 2022

Musicians have long sung about the power of music — we’re either slaves to it, losing control or just can’t fight the feeling to get up and dance. Keeping rhythm has been thought to be an exclusively human trait until recently, when a study in Tokyo, Japan discovered that rats are able to keep rhythm as well.

“Rats displayed innate — that is, without any training or prior exposure to music — beat synchronization most distinctly within 120–140 BPM (beats per minute),” said University of Tokyo associate professor Hirokazu Takahashi.

Keeping rhythm is something that had long been considered only a human trait because of the complex motor functions that go into the movements. It involves the speed that the brain is able to respond to something. While there are videos of animals dancing along to songs, like popular videos of birds moving along to the rhythm, this is more likely a case of being trained to respond to the beat than having innate beat synchronization.

Beat synchronization refers to how well we are able to keep in time with a musical beat. The study was conducted at the University of Tokyo and connected 10 rats to wireless, miniature accelerometers to measure their head movements. A one-minute clip of Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major was played at four different tempos, ranging from 75 per cent to 400 per cent of the original song. Twenty humans also participated in the study for comparison.

The song was played at various tempos on the assumption that, because rats already operate at a faster pace in terms of heartbeat and other body functions, they may prefer faster tempos.

However, the results of the study found that rats, much like humans, prefer a tempo of 120-140 BPM. This preference was also observed in the human participants. Mozart’s composition fell within this range at roughly 132 BPM.

“Our results suggest that the optimal tempo for beat synchronization depends on the time constant in the brain,” said Takahashi.

The study also included other pop songs like “Born This Way” by Lady Gaga and “Another One Bites the Dust” by Queen. Beat synchronization in non-human mammals was previously thought to be reactive — akin to jumping to a sudden noise — instead of predictive like in humans. The study suggests that beat synchronicity in rats isn’t purely reactive because of the change in movements alongside the changes in tempos.

“To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on innate beat synchronization in animals that was not achieved through training or musical exposure,” said Takahashi.

This isn’t the first time researchers have looked into the dancing capabilities of animals. Previous research into beat synchronization focused primarily on primates. In 2014, a group of researchers at the University of North Carolina found out that bonobos, a species that shares 98.7 per cent of their DNA with humans, were able to match the beat of drumming scientists with their own drumming. A 2013 study found that chimpanzees also display the ability to synchronize their movements with a beat as well. Researchers at the University of California found that the California sea lion is also able to bob its head along to a rhythm. In October of this year, a team discovered that harbour seals are also able to keep track of different rhythms.

The Tokyo research team plans on looking further into the effects of music and harmony on the human brain. Takahashi has expressed interest in music as it leads to a happier life and mechanisms that create cultural centres in the brain such as art and music.

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The Gauntlet

One of Mozart's notable masterworks is the K. 491 piano concerto in C minor.

Title:

Content: Friday, February 11, 2022

PBO’s “Narrowband” Approach to Mozart

Last night in Herbst Theatre the Philharmonia Baroque Orchestra (PBO), led by Music Director Richard Egarr, presented a program devoted entirely to music by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The title of the program was Mozart the Radical, but there was just as much radicalism in Egarr’s approach to preparing the program. Three of the compositions were composed in the same year, 1786. In chronological order these were the K. 491 piano concerto in C minor, the K. 504 “Prague” symphony in D major, and the K. 505 “concert scene” for soprano voice and piano, which begins with the recitative “Ch’io mi scordi de te.” (When was the last time a program was prepared with successive entries from Ludwig Ritter von Köchel’s catalog?)

The remaining work was another concert scene, composed the following year while Mozart was preparing the premiere of his K. 527 Don Giovanni opera. The piece was the next entry in Köchel’s catalog, the K. 528 concert scene “Bella mia fiamma, addio.” The program thus almost constituted a “snapshot” of a very productive period in Mozart’s life.

The program was also adventurous in beginning with one of the only two piano concertos Mozart composed in a minor key. Indeed, a listener unfamiliar with the classical music repertoire could easily believe that K. 491 was composed by Ludwig van Beethoven, not just for the minor key but for the stormy rhetoric that dominates the first movement. The listener with a more accurate sense of history could easily believe that this was an initial “warm-up” in preparation for all those intense moments in Don Giovanni.

Egarr conducted K. 491 from the keyboard, working with what was probably the largest complement of winds and brass that Mozart summoned for a piano concerto. What is of particular interest are the ways in which each distinctive instrumental sonority makes its own unique contribution to a rich palette of sonorities. As a former clarinet player I was especially drawn to the many imaginative motifs assigned to the pair of those instruments. However, the real joy of this listening experience came from appreciating the relation between all those instrumental sonorities and the often ferocious passages for the solo piano work, undoubtedly played by Mozart with all the intensity he could muster.

Equally stimulating was Egarr’s account of the K. 504 symphony. This is one of Mozart’s three-movement symphonies, omitting the stately minuet that is supposed to intervene between the slow movement and the finale. The D major key made for just the right complement to the minor key rhetoric of the piano concerto, suggested that Egarr had selected them as a matched set of bookends for his program. Like K. 491, this music is rich in its diversity of instrumental sonorities, even if the wind resources were more modest (and both trumpets and timpani were omitted).

Soprano Elizabeth Watts, featured in the middle portion of Richard Egarr’s all-Mozart program (courtesy of PBO)

Those bookends framed the vocal performances of soprano Elizabeth Watts, making her PBO debut. An orchestral setting is not the most conducive to dramatic rhetoric; but Watts found just the right combination of phrasing and body language to draw the audience into the intensity of her texts. Both of these vocal works amount to dispositional reflections on a broader narrative context. However, Watts’ interpretations kept the attentive listener focused on the immediate present, rather than trying to establish that context for each of the texts.

These concert arias tend to receive relatively little attention in concert programming. This is particularly true of K. 505, in which a piano enhances the soprano’s rhetorical turns, leaving the instrumental ensemble to “fill in the background.” However, if the thematic content was unfamiliar, the dramatic qualities of Watts’ interpretations left the attentive listener curious about other works in this particular category of the Mozart catalog.

One of Mozart's notable masterworks is his 'K. 491' piano concerto, which is known for being composed in a minor key and having a stormy rhetoric in its first movement.

One of Mozart's notable masterworks is his piano concerto K. 491.

The study on the effects of music on memory was published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.

A recent study published in 2023 investigated the effects of background music on memory in individuals with mild cognitive impairment, which may have implications for the use of music as a therapeutic tool in cognitive stimulation.

Mozart's music is believed to stimulate the nervous system by contributing to the development of intellectual abilities, as shown by psychologist Francis Rauscher's experiment in 1995.

The property of Mozart's music believed to stimulate the nervous system is its high-frequency waves, which can improve physiological function and increase concentration and memory.

Recent research has found no reliable evidence to support the idea that Mozart's music has a beneficial effect on epilepsy, casting doubt on the notion that his music can stimulate the nervous system in a specific way.

Mozart's music is believed to stimulate the nervous system and improve cognitive performance, particularly in spatial reasoning tasks, due to its complex and harmonious melodies.

Mozart's music is believed to stimulate the nervous system due to its complex and harmonious structure, which can improve cognitive performance, particularly in spatial reasoning tasks.

The tempo of Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major is approximately 132 BPM.

Mozart's music is considered beneficial for therapy due to its high-frequency waves, which can stimulate the brain's nervous system and improve physiological function, leading to increased concentration and memory.

Mozart and Beethoven's music is believed to have a positive effect on concentration and productivity, making it a potential candidate for therapy.

Mozart's music is considered beneficial for therapy and cognitive performance, with evidence suggesting it can improve mental performance, known as the "Mozart Effect".

Mozart's music is considered to have a positive effect on cognitive performance and is often used in music therapy to improve spatial reasoning tasks.

"Classical music, particularly Mozart's, is considered best for therapy due to its positive effects on cognitive performance and memory recall."

"The effects of classical music can last for hours or even days after the music stops, as evidenced by its impact on people with dementia, where it can improve mood, behavior, and cognitive function."

The effects of classical music, specifically Mozart's music, can last for a short period of time, approximately two minutes, but may not be long-lasting, as evidenced by a study on pain relief in newborns.

Title:

Content: Study: Playing Mozart lullabies may ease pain in newborn blood tests
A randomized double-blind clinical trial involving 100 infants showed that playing Mozart lullabies may help reduce pain in newborns undergoing foot and blood tests, according to a medical research paper published in the journal Pediatrics, a professional academic journal of Springer Nature.
Lead author and corresponding author Saminathan Anbalagan of the Lincoln Center for Medical Mental Health in the United States, in collaboration with colleagues, measured the pain levels of newborns who received a heel blood test in New York City between April 2019 and February 2020 as part of routine screening for conditions such as jaundice and phenylketonuria.
Babies in the study were born at an average of 2 days, 39 weeks of gestation, 53% were male and 61% Hispanic.
As part of standard care, all babies were given 0.5 ml of sugar water 2 minutes before the heel blood was taken.
A researcher wearing noise-cancelling headphones assessed the pain levels of infants before, during and after heel blood collection. The pain levels were assessed based on the infant ’ s facial expressions, crying, breathing patterns, body movements and alertness.
Fifty-four of the 100 babies listened to Mozart lullabies for 20 minutes before and during the blood collection, followed by five minutes after the blood collection, while the other babies did not listen to any music.
The authors also considered the potential effects of other sensory inputs on pain levels, so the blood was always taken in a quiet, dimly lit, and temperature-appropriate room, and no pacifiers or physical soothing was given to the baby.
In this study, the authors observed that the two groups of infants had similar pain levels before blood collection, with a median pain score of 0 (up to 7).
But during and after blood sampling, the median pain in babies who listened to Mozart lullabies was significantly lower than in babies who did not listen to music.
After listening to the lullaby, the pain score was 4 points, the pain score was 0 points after one minute of blood sampling, and the pain score was 0 points after two minutes of blood sampling, while the pain score of infants who did not listen to music was 7 points, and the pain score was 5.5 points after one minute of blood sampling, and 2 points after two minutes.
They did not observe a significant difference in pain scores between the two groups of infants three minutes after the end of the blood collection.
The authors conclude that the findings suggest that playing recorded music may be an effective way to relieve pain in newborns undergoing minor surgery.
They believe that future studies could investigate whether recordings of parents' voices can also reduce pain in newborns during minor surgery, and explore the effect of physical soothing by caregivers other than music on pain levels.
I'm reading.

The genre of music suggested to improve mental abilities is "high-arousal" music, which may include classical music, as it can have a positive effect on memory for certain individuals.

Classical music, including Mozart's, is suggested to improve mental abilities due to its therapeutic effect on the body and mind.

Title:

Content: Back to top
Information-analytical portal
We have been working since 2003.
Songs without words.
Giovanni Marradi
Music heals.
Psychologists say that the coincidence of natural biorhythms and musical rhythms enhances the effects of sounds on the body.
The therapeutic effect of music on a person was noted in ancient times.
In the 1st century BC, a music and medical center was specially built in Parthia, which treated mental feelings and longing.
Modern Western universities train professional doctors-music therapists.
In 2003, the Russian Ministry of Health officially recognized music therapy.
The greatest therapeutic effect, according to scientists and doctors, has classical music, which normalizes the heart rate and increases the level of immunoglobulin in the blood.
This is explained by the fact that the rhythms of classical music and the rhythms of the human heart coincide (60-70 beats per minute), which explains their beneficial effect on all basic functions of the body.
Over the course of life, a person ’ s preferences change in food, drink, clothing, people, and much more.
And in music.
To the music of classical composers, thanks to all-Union radio and foreign "voices", came in a distant childhood.
At the same time, he discovered the world of "songs without words" - this is sometimes called instrumental music, which today is created by interesting, talented composers and performers.
Some would like to remember.
* * *
The melodies of this composer are often used for music therapy.
Giovanni Marradi (not to be confused with pop singer Gianni Morandi) - composer, world-famous pianist, arranger, teacher, animator, author of books and films about music was born in 1952 in Italy.
After his parents moved to Lebanon, he studied composition and piano technique at the Russian Conservatory in Beirut from the age of eight with classical pianist Mikhail Cheskinov.
Then there were years of wandering around Europe, performing for a symbolic fee in bars and hotels, finding your way in music.
After moving to the United States in 1984, he settled in Las Vegas, where he became friends with Frank Sinatra.
Patience and work have been successful.
Giovanni has recorded more than 150 million-selling albums worldwide.
Having once heard his bright, filled with hopes for the best melodies, you return to them again and again, you listen and sometimes you literally feel the delight of the soul flying up.
Alexander Chashev
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Classical music, specifically Mozart, is suggested to improve mental abilities.

The genre of music suggested to improve mental abilities is classical music, specifically Mozart.

The genre of music suggested to improve mental abilities is classical music, specifically Mozart, due to its high-frequency waves that can stimulate the brain's nervous system and improve physiological function.

"Listening to classical music, such as Mozart's, can have a positive effect on concentration and productivity, as supported by psychologist Francis Rauscher's experiment in 1995."

Listening to Mozart's music can improve concentration and productivity by stimulating the brain's nervous system and putting it in a state of concentration, which can lead to improved cognitive performance.

Mozart's music, particularly his smooth piano pieces, can have a positive effect on concentration and productivity, as evidenced by 'The Mozart Effect'.

"Music can improve concentration and productivity, with the Mozart Effect suggesting that listening to Mozart's music can temporarily improve cognitive performance. Certain types of music, such as ambient and jazz instrumental melodies, can be effective in enhancing creativity and focus."

"Music can affect concentration and productivity, with lyrics being potentially distracting for writing tasks, while familiar music may be beneficial for focus."

The University of Tokyo led a study on the effect of classical music, specifically Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major, on beat synchronization in rats and humans.

The Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) led a study on the effect of classical music, which was led by researcher Marco Calabria.

Concordia University, along with other institutions, led a study on the effect of classical music on cognitive impairment.

The study on classical music's effect is related to the University of Catalonia (UOC), as one of the researchers is a member of the teaching staff on the UOC's Master's Degree in Neuropsychology.

The University of Bern in Switzerland led a study on classical music's effect, analyzing audience members' reactions to different musical styles.

Title:

Content: Advertisement

Humans
PUBLISHED

Audience Members At Classical Music Gigs Can Physically Sync Up

Listening to live music can be a whole-body experience, and it turns out you might even be sharing that experience with your neighbor.

Laura Simmons

Laura Simmons

Editor and Staff Writer

Laura is an editor and staff writer at IFLScience. She obtained her Master's in Experimental Neuroscience from Imperial College London.

Editor and Staff Writer

62Shares

Nothing feels quite like the shared experience of hearing live music in a room full of other people. But new research is demonstrating how that experience may go far beyond how we feel, by showing how physiological processes can sync up across audience members at a classical music concert.

The study, led by Wolfgang Tschacher from the University of Bern in Switzerland, analyzed 132 audience members across three concerts given by string quintets in Berlin, Germany. The repertoire was the same across all the concerts: Beethoven’s Op. 104 in C minor, a piece called Epitaphs by contemporary Australian composer Brett Dean, and Johannes Brahms’ Op. 111 in G major. Each piece represents a different musical style.

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Before and after each concert, the participants were asked to complete questionnaires about their personality traits and mood. During the performance, they wore wearable sensors to measure their heart rate, breathing, and the electrical conductivity of their skin, which is a measure of excitement.

As well as this, the researchers had cameras trained on the audience from above to monitor the participants’ movements.

The hypothesis was that all of these physiological parameters would synchronize across the participants as they experienced the music, and that there would be some association with the listeners’ personality traits. This kind of synchronization has been observed in humans during social interactions, and previous research had hinted that listening to music would have the same effect, but this was one of the first projects to study this effect specifically in concert audiences.

In their paper, the authors write that “substantial evidence of physiological and movement synchrony between audience members was found.” The greatest level of synchronization was in breathing rates, although all of the physiological parameters were affected apart from patterns of inhaling and exhaling. Body movements were also synchronized, despite the fact that the audience members were seated in dimmed lighting and distanced from each other due to COVID protocols in place at the time.

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When they looked at the personality questionnaire date, the team found that those who scored more highly for agreeableness or openness were more likely to become synchronized with their fellow audience members, while the opposite was true for those with more neurotic or extroverted traits. This makes sense when you consider that traits of agreeableness and openness are often associated with people who are sociable and trusting of others.

The authors suggested that extroverted people could be placing more emphasis on the social experience of being with people, rather than the music itself, possibly explaining why they were less likely to synchronize.

There were some limitations to the data collection because the researchers prioritized comfort over the quality of the information gathered – a fair trade-off since the participants had to sit through an entire concert wearing a selection of sensors. However, the authors do note that this compromised some of the data, particularly that of heart rate. They suggest that future research could partially correct these issues with more careful placement of the wearables.

Music has long been an essential feature of humanity. It evokes memories; it can change the physical structure of our brains; and although tales of it leading to madness are apocryphal, it can certainly transport us to another time and place. When we experience music alongside other people, its effects are magnified and shared – as this research demonstrates, at least for some of us, in a very real way.

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The study is published in the journal Scientific Reports

ARTICLE POSTED IN

Humans
  • music,

  • movement,

  • breathing,

  • heart rate,

  • human body,

  • physiology,

  • classical music,

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The research results were published in the journal Scientific Reports.

The research results on the Mozart Effect were published in the journal Pediatrics.

The research results of the Mozart effect study were published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.

The research results on the effect of background music on cognitive tasks were published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.

The research results on the Mozart Effect were published in Scientific Reports, indicating that Mozart's music does not have a beneficial effect on epilepsy symptoms.

The University of Bern study analyzed 132 audience members across three concerts.

The University of Bern study involved 100 participants, all of whom were babies, with 54 of them exposed to Mozart's music.

According to scientists, Mozart's music has a therapeutic effect on the brain due to its high-frequency waves, which can stimulate the nervous system and improve physiological function, leading to improved cognitive performance.

Mozart's music is believed to have a therapeutic effect on cognitive function, particularly in spatial reasoning tasks, as supported by the concept of "The Mozart Effect".

"Classical music, particularly Mozart's, has been shown to have a positive therapeutic effect and can help improve cognitive performance, making it a potentially useful tool for improving students' performance."

Classical music, particularly Mozart, has a therapeutic effect on the brain, improving cognitive performance and reducing the risk of dementia.

"Mozart's music has been found to have a therapeutic effect, with a study showing that it can reduce pain in newborns undergoing medical tests, which supports the idea of the Mozart Effect."

Classical music promotes the production of hormones such as dopamine, serotonin, and oxytocin in the brain, which can increase the sense of pleasure and ease, while also reducing stress hormone cortisol levels.

The babies listened to Mozart's music for 20 minutes before and during the blood collection, and an additional 5 minutes after the blood collection, totaling 25 minutes.

The Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation funded the research on the effects of music on memory.

The research on music's impact on cognitive processes, including memory, is funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of the Government of Spain, and may have implications for understanding the Mozart Effect.

The study on the Mozart effect was published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.

The study on classical music was published in Scientific Reports.

The study on the effect of classical music on newborns was published in the journal Pediatrics.


The Egyptian goddess associated with cats is Bast, who symbolized well-being, joy, love, and fertility, and was often depicted as a cat or a woman with a cat's head.

"Cats were highly valued in ancient Egyptian culture due to their association with the goddess Bastet, who had the head of a cat."

In ancient Egyptian culture, cats were highly valued for their spiritual significance and protective powers, as evident from the goddess 'Bast' who was depicted as a cat's head and transformed into a black cat to protect humans.

"Cats were highly valued in ancient Egypt due to their association with gods, such as the goddess Bastet, who had the head of a cat."

Cats were highly valued in ancient Egypt due to their association with the goddess Bastet and their ability to personify gods, indicating a strong spiritual connection.

Cats were considered symbols of divinity in ancient Egyptian culture, as evidenced by the goddess Bastet having the head of a cat.

Cats played a significant role in ancient Egyptian households due to their spiritual connections, including being associated with the goddess Bastet. They were valued for their ability to negotiate with spirits and were often kept close to home.

In ancient Egypt, cats were highly valued for their spiritual significance, particularly their association with the goddess 'Bast' who protected humans from evil spirits.

Ancient workshops for mummification were discovered in Saqqara, an ancient burial ground approximately 30 kilometers south of Cairo.

The ancient Egyptian goddess Bast was depicted with a cat's head and symbolized well-being, joy, love, and fertility, reflecting the spiritual significance of cats in ancient Egyptian culture.

"Cats were highly valued in ancient Egypt due to their spiritual significance and association with the goddess Bast, who symbolized well-being, joy, love, and fertility."

The Egyptian goddess associated with cats is Bast, who symbolized well-being, joy, love, and fertility, and was often depicted as a cat or a woman with a cat's head.

Title:

Content: The mummy of a pet: why and why did the ancient Egyptians do this?
1: 43
The Egyptians showed special respect for their pets, their love was so great that they wanted these animals to have eternal life.
After death, pets were mummified and went through a complex burial process.
In ancient Egyptian worldview, four-legged and feathered creatures were considered sacred, divine and influencing their destinies.
They occupied an honorable place in the pantheon, and the gods were often depicted with animal heads.
Mummification was an integral part of this religious practice, emphasizing the special status of these creatures in the eyes of the Egyptians.
The Egyptians mummified various animals, believing that their gods could take different forms.
For example, the goddess Bast, the daughter of Ra, was depicted as a cat or a woman with a cat ’ s head.
This goddess symbolized well-being, joy, love and fertility.
The Egyptians especially revered cats for their ability to exterminate rodents, which was critical for preserving grain stocks, then considered valuable as gold.
Cats have also earned the nickname “sunny eye ” due to their ability to see in the dark.
This property made them important symbols in Egyptian mythology.
Archaeological studies conducted at the ancient Egyptian necropolis of Qubbet el-Hawa have uncovered the burial of crocodiles, one of which has been preserved in the form of a practically whole mummy, providing a unique look at the ancient rites and veneration of animals in this culture.
Author Petr Deryabin
Petr Deryabin – journalist, correspondent of Pravda.Ru news service

"Cats were highly valued in ancient Egyptian culture due to their association with the goddess Bastet, who had the head of a cat."

Title:

Content: Experts told where the expression “the cat cried ” came from
2022-11-12 13: 53
Language is unthinkable without phraseology.
Surely many of us have heard the expression “horse in apples ”,“ dog in the hay ”, “stupid as a goose ”.
The origin of the expression is easy to understand: cats were tamed thousands of years ago and lived next to people even more than other livestock.
The cat could also personify the gods: in Egypt, the goddess Bastet had the head of a cat, and in the Slavs, the god Veles could take the form of a cat.
Cats were always kept close to home, like mousetraps and amulets: the cat, according to legend, could negotiate with the spirits living in the places where they built a dwelling.
This is how the tradition of launching a cat first on a housewarming party was born.
From there, perhaps, and so close attention to these animals.
Of course, no one has ever seen tears in the eyes of cats.
Abundant secretion of eye fluid occurs only when the animal is sick.
At the same time, a similar phenomenon in cats is observed hardly more often than in other domestic animals, and why it was the cat who was honored to “cry ” about an acute deficiency, one can only guess.
However, there is another version, quite exotic.
It is associated with the so-called “difficulties of translation ”.
Here is a direct analogy with the "Jolly Roger", which was born as a result of the hearing of the English.
Perhaps the same was true of the Slavs.
In Arabic, there is the expression “qat nailaq, ” which literally means“ not enough money. ”
Probably, the Eastern peoples, which sharply ran out of the source of material goods, compared themselves with weeping animals.
This was as unthinkable as a sharp decline in income.
However, this version was not widely distributed.
Nevertheless, she has a right to life, especially since the crying cat and "kat nailak" have approximately the same meaning.
With the only difference that a crying cat symbolizes the lack of not only money, but also other things.
Posted by: Angelina Krent

In ancient Egyptian culture, cats were highly valued for their spiritual significance and protective powers, as evident from the goddess 'Bast' who was depicted as a cat's head and transformed into a black cat to protect humans.

Title:

Content: Cat Cold Knowledge ｜ 4 Mysterious Legends of Black Cats Are Black Cats a Symbol of Good Luck or Bad Luck?
Author: Wang Meow Planet
Published: Updated:
Black cats are a symbol of bad luck.
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Take a look at the mysterious legends of the four black cats!
▼ ▼ ▼ The Mysterious Legend of the Black Cat ▼ ▼
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Are black cats really cute?
The black cat looks very mysterious, in fact, super caring and loving, like to stay close to the slave.
A black cat is a tiger cat.
Tiger spotted is a characteristic of cats, not a breed, and can be called a tiger spotted cat with stripes and markings.
Look and see ~ Black cats are not necessarily all black, and some of their hair is brown in the sun!
Black cats are a symbol of auspiciousness in Japan!
Peach Blossom: Single women with black cats can make love smoother!
Black cats are the most powerful.
Black cats are different everywhere.
Taiwan: Unlucky
The older generation thought that the black cat with white feet would jump over the body and the body would rise.
China: Escape from Evil Town
The house is haunted, and black cats are invited to walk around the house to help ward off evil spirits.
Ancient Egypt: The Protector of the Black Cat
The ancient Egyptian goddess "Bast" is a cat's head, and at night will be transformed into a black cat to protect the human body and drive away the evil spirit.
Italy: Death is near.
Legend has it that if a black cat is seen lying on a patient ’ s bed, it means death is near.
Although there are many mysterious legends about black cats, they are actually very cute and close to people!
Further reading: The cat immediately meows after defecating is to invite the cat owner to enjoy it?
5 reasons behind it.
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[This article is reproduced with permission from Wang Meow Planet.]
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"Cats were highly valued in ancient Egypt due to their association with gods, such as the goddess Bastet, who had the head of a cat."

Cats were highly valued in ancient Egypt due to their association with the goddess Bastet and their ability to personify gods, indicating a strong spiritual connection.

Cats were considered symbols of divinity in ancient Egyptian culture, as evidenced by the goddess Bastet having the head of a cat.

Cats played a significant role in ancient Egyptian households due to their spiritual connections, including being associated with the goddess Bastet. They were valued for their ability to negotiate with spirits and were often kept close to home.

In ancient Egypt, cats were highly valued for their spiritual significance, particularly their association with the goddess 'Bast' who protected humans from evil spirits.

Ancient workshops for mummification were discovered in Saqqara, an ancient burial ground approximately 30 kilometers south of Cairo.

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CultureEgypt

Egypt unveils ancient workshops used to make mummies

1 hour ago

Archaeologists in Egypt have revealed two workshops that were used to embalm people and animals. Tombs were also opened up, featuring walls that depict daily life and images of an ancient priest.

https://p.dw.com/p/4Rtaf

Egyptian antiquities officials on Saturday revealed that a research team had unearthed human and animal mummification workshops as well as two tombs in the ancient burial ground of Saqqara.

The discovery follows an excavation lasting around a year near the sanctuary of the goddess Bastet and catacombs of mummified cats in Saqqara, some 30 kilometers (roughly 18.5 miles) south of Cairo.

What did the archaeologists find?

The embalming workshops, one in which humans were mummified with the other used for animals, date back to ancient Egypt's 30th dynasty — which reigned about 2,400 years ago.

Egypt's tourism and antiquities ministry said that in one of the workshops, the researchers had "found several rooms equipped with stony beds where the deceased lay down for mummification."

At the end of each bed were gutters that appeared to be needed for the mummification process.

There was also a collection of clay pots nearby to hold entrails and organs, and an assembly of other instruments and ritual vessels.

An initial study of the second workshop suggested it was used to mummify sacred animals.

Also part of the discovery were the tombs of two priests, one dating back to the 24th century BC and the other to the 14th century BC.

The earliest belonged to Ne Hesut Ba, who was the head of scribes and priest of the gods Horus and Maat in the Old Kingdom's fifth dynasty.

Mohamed Youssef, director of the Saqqara archaeological site said the tomb walls were decorated with depictions of "daily life, agriculture, and hunting scenes."

The second tomb was carved in rock and features depictions of the deceased himself, a New Kingdom priest named Men Kheber, "in different positions."

It also contained a 1-meter-long (roughly 1 yard) alabaster statue.

Push for tourists pays off

Egypt's government has strongly promoted new archaeological finds to international media and diplomats in recent years in the hope that such discoveries will help attract more tourists to the country.

Cairo aims to revive an industry that suffered from political turmoil and that was battered by the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic and fallout from the conflict in Ukraine.

Economic data showed tourism revenues climbing to $7.3 billion in the second half of 2022, a 25.7% increase compared with the previous year.

rc/msh (AFP, AP)

The ancient Egyptian goddess Bast was depicted with a cat's head and symbolized well-being, joy, love, and fertility, reflecting the spiritual significance of cats in ancient Egyptian culture.

"Cats were highly valued in ancient Egypt due to their spiritual significance and association with the goddess Bast, who symbolized well-being, joy, love, and fertility."