**Summary: The Spiritual and Cultural Significance of Cats in Ancient Egypt**

Cats held a remarkable place in ancient Egyptian culture, highly valued both spiritually and practically.

Unlike other animals that were mainly utilitarian—such as dogs used for labor or hunting—cats were revered as sacred beings deeply intertwined with Egyptian beliefs, religion, and daily life.

**Spiritual Connection:**
The spiritual connection Egyptians felt with cats stemmed from the belief that cats possessed unique powers.

Their exceptional night vision led to associations with otherworldliness and protection from unseen threats.

Cats were thought to be guardians that could ward off evil spirits, snakes, and misfortune, further enhancing their mystique.

Many ancient Egyptians saw cats as intermediaries between the human and divine, a bridge between the mundane and the magical.

**Religious Reverence:**
Cats became closely linked with deities, especially Bastet (also known as Bast), the goddess of home, fertility, and protection.

Bastet was often depicted as a lioness or a woman with a cat’s head, highlighting the sacredness of cats.

She embodied both nurturing and fierce protective qualities, symbolizing the dual nature of cats themselves.

**Cultural Status in Daily Life:**
Domesticated cats in Egypt were not only beloved pets but also invaluable for their ability to control pests like mice and insects, contributing to household hygiene and food preservation.

Their presence was seen as both beneficial and divinely favored.

**Mourning Rituals and Expression of Grief:**
The deep spiritual bond between Egyptians and their cats is most poignantly reflected in their mourning practices.

When a cherished family cat died, entire households expressed their grief in visible ways—most notably by shaving off their eyebrows.

This act symbolized a period of mourning and loss, mirroring (and sometimes exceeding) the expressions of sorrow displayed for deceased human relatives.

Only when the family members’ eyebrows grew back would the formal mourning period end, underscoring the profound importance of the cat in their lives.

**Social and Material Value:**
Harming a cat in Egypt, accidentally or otherwise, was met with severe penalties, reflecting their elevated status.

Cats were often mummified and buried with great care, sometimes even alongside their owners, demonstrating a belief in companionship that transcended death.

**Conclusion:**
In summary, cats were highly valued in ancient Egypt for their spiritual, religious, and practical roles.

They were respected as magical protectors linked to divinity, mourned as family, and treasured for the harmony they brought to Egyptian homes.

The custom of shaving eyebrows when a cat died illustrates the unique, almost sacred bond Egyptians felt with their feline companions—a reverence that continues to capture human imagination today.

Here is a summarized report on why cats were so highly valued in ancient Egypt, including spiritual connections, their role in Egyptian culture, and the mourning ritual of shaving eyebrows:

**1.

Spiritual and Religious Significance**
- **Goddess Bastet**: In ancient Egypt, cats were closely linked to spirituality and divinity, most notably through the goddess Bastet (also known as Bast), daughter of the sun god Ra.

Bastet was depicted as a cat or a woman with a cat’s head, symbolizing protection, motherhood, fertility, and grace.

- **Guardians Against Evil**: Cats were believed to possess special abilities, such as warding off evil spirits, seeing hidden worlds, and even predicting the future.

Their mysterious nature made them revered as spiritual intermediaries with the divine.

- **Divine Protectors**: The belief extended to the idea that cats could regulate the energy of the home, bringing harmony, good luck, and defending the household against malevolent forces.

Cats were seen as protectors both in the physical and spiritual realms.

Social and Cultural Importance**
- **Mummification and Burial**: Egyptians honored cats by mummifying them and burying them in elaborate tombs, sometimes alongside their owners or with offerings.

Such burials highlight the deep respect and affection Egyptians had for cats, equating their worth with that of humans and royalty.

- **Cats as Family Members**: The emotional value placed on cats mirrored that of human family members.

There is evidence suggesting that the loss of a family cat could cause genuine grief and mourning in households.

Mourning Rituals**
- **Shaving Eyebrows**: When a family cat died, Egyptian families would shave off their eyebrows as a public sign of mourning and grief.

This act not only signified their sorrow but also demonstrated the cat's elevated status within the household.

The custom was specifically reserved for felines, reflecting their unique position in society.

Broader Magical and Supernatural Associations**
- **Omens and Signs**: Cats were associated with various omens and superstitions.

Seeing a cat in dreams was a favorable sign, and their presence at home symbolized protection and luck.

- **Cultural Taboos and Practices**: Cats were regarded with such reverence that certain behaviors around them were guided by taboos, e.g., avoiding prolonged eye contact, as it was believed to open a gateway to the otherworldly.

Cats in Daily Life and Death**
- **Mutual Bond**: Egyptians recognized the calming and healing presence of cats.

Cats would often comfort their owners during distress and seemed sensitive to human emotions.

- **Burial Practices**: Archaeological finds reveal that cats were often buried with their owners, or in special cemeteries, and offerings and mummification echo their sacred role.

**Conclusion**
Cats in ancient Egypt were far more than pets; they were spiritual guardians, symbols of divinity, and cherished family members.

Their unique qualities and believed supernatural abilities earned them immense respect.

Rituals such as the shaving of eyebrows during mourning reflect their deep integration into the spiritual and emotional lives of ancient Egyptians, cementing the cat’s status as both a beloved companion and a sacred being.

**Summary Nuggets: The Spiritual Significance of Cats in Ancient Egypt**

- **Deep Bonding and Domestication**: Cats were one of the first animals domesticated by humans, around 8,000 years ago.

The relationship began due to mutual benefits—cats controlled rodents that threatened food supplies, while humans provided food and shelter.

- **Spiritual and Cultural Significance**: Ancient Egyptians revered cats for their mysterious and independent nature.

Cats became symbols of grace, protection, and fertility, and were often associated with the divine.

Their presence in households was thought to bring good fortune and spiritual harmony.

- **Sacred Symbolism**: Cats were intimately tied to Egyptian spirituality and mythology.

The goddess Bastet (often depicted as a lioness or with a cat's head) embodied home, fertility, and protection.

She was a powerful deity, and cats were seen as her sacred animals.

To harm a cat was considered not just a crime, but a sacrilegious act.

- **Mourning Rituals**: The valuable role of cats extended into Egyptian mourning practices.

When a family cat died, owners would shave off their eyebrows as a public expression of grief.

The mourning period continued until their eyebrows grew back, signaling deep respect and spiritual connection to their feline companions.

- **Preservation after Death**: Cats were often mummified and buried with their owners, or in dedicated cat cemeteries.

This practice underscored the belief in an ongoing spiritual existence and the hope for protection in the afterlife.

- **Cats in Daily Life**: Cats had a practical purpose in keeping homes and grain stores free from pests, thus playing a significant economic and social role.

Their value is evident in art, sculpture, and tomb paintings, where they are depicted as beloved and respected members of the household.

- **Wider Perspective**: The special status of cats in Egypt was distinct from how animals were treated in other ancient cultures, further highlighted by archaeological studies and mummification practices aimed at better understanding ancient Egyptian life and beliefs.

- **Enduring Connection**: The deep symbolic relationship between Egyptians and their cats—expressed through mourning rituals, representation in art and religion, and careful mummification—reflects a profound spiritual bond that continues to resonate with many cat owners today who feel a similar soulful connection.

**Summary**: In ancient Egyptian culture, cats were not just pets but deeply spiritual beings.

Their revered status was marked by ritual mourning (shaving eyebrows), legal protection, association with the goddess Bastet, and prominent representation in daily life and the afterlife.

Their role blended practical utility with a profound sense of spiritual companionship, echoing the mysterious, soul-deep bond some people feel with their cats even today.

**Summary of Key Points with Focus on Ancient Egyptian Cats:**

- **Spiritual Connection in Ancient Egypt:**
Cats held profound spiritual and cultural significance in ancient Egyptian society.

They were closely associated with the goddess Bastet (sometimes spelled Bast), who was depicted as either a lioness or a woman with a cat's head.

Bastet represented protection, fertility, home, motherhood, and the warmth of the sun, but was also seen as a fierce defender of the pharaoh and the nation.

- **Reverence and Daily Life:**
Egyptians highly valued cats for both practical and spiritual reasons.

On a practical level, cats protected food supplies by hunting rodents and snakes, which in turn contributed to their revered status.

By extension, their role in safeguarding grain stores linked them symbolically to the prosperity and survival of the family and the community.

- **Cats as Family Members:**
Cats were treated with deep affection and were often considered part of the family.

**Summary: The Spiritual and Cultural Significance of Cats in Ancient Egypt**

Cats held a remarkable place in ancient Egyptian culture, highly valued both spiritually and practically.

Title:

Content: Home » Celebrating our fellow felines

Celebrating our fellow felines

by admin

Every August 8, animal lovers around the world come together to celebrate International Cat Day, a day dedicated to honoring and recognizing the presence and special role that cats have in our lives, this holiday has become an opportunity to highlight the importance of caring for and respecting our feline friends, as well as to raise awareness of the need to protect and preserve their well-being.

The role of the Cat in the History of Culture

Cats have played a significant role in various cultures and historical moments. From ancient Egypt, where they were considered symbols of divinity and associated with the goddess Bastet, to medieval Europe, where they were considered guardians of homes and farms due to their ability to keep rodent populations in check, cats have been around. present in human life in different ways.

In the Middle Ages, however, cats also faced hard times when they were linked with superstition and witchcraft, leading to persecution and slaughter. Fortunately, over time, the relationship between humans and cats has evolved towards a more harmonious and beneficial coexistence for both parties.

Education and care of cats

Photo: Pet City

Training a cat requires patience, understanding and knowledge. Here are some key tips to ensure your cat thrives happy and healthy.

Provide a suitable environment, make sure your home is safe and comfortable for your cat. Provide places for him to rest and hide, as well as toys and environmental enrichment to stimulate his mind.

Food and hydration, offers a balanced diet appropriate to the needs of your cat. It often provides fresh, clean water.

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Litter box, keep a clean and accessible litter box so your cat can eliminate. Clean the box regularly to avoid health problems and bad smells.

Health problems and bad odors. Socialization and Play Interact and play with your cat daily to keep him physically and mentally active. Play with toys and interaction with other animals can be beneficial

Veterinary Care Schedule regular visits to the vet to make sure your cat is up to date on vaccinations and health checks. This is essential to prevent and detect any medical problem in time.

Hygiene, brush your cat’s coat to keep it clean and reduce the formation of hairballs. Also, take care of their oral health by brushing their teeth or providing dental treats.

Respect and love, each cat has its own personality and needs. He respects his space and his quiet times, and show him love and affection according to his preferences.

fun facts about cats

Courtesy Week The sense of smell, although we don’t talk so much about their sense of smell as about their vision and hearing, cats have a highly developed sense of smell. They use their nose to explore and recognize the world around them. They are amazing, they are excellent jumpers and can jump up to six times their length in a single jump. This is partly due to the unique structure of their hind legs, which gives them great power and flexibility. Mysterious purr, cats are believed to purr not only when they are happy, but also when they are sick or injured. Purring could have healing properties and help in the regeneration of bones and tissues. Cats in space, the first cat to travel to space was named Felicette, also known as ‘Felix’. She was launched by the French Space Agency in 1963 and returned safely. Tail Communication Cats use their tails to communicate. A pricked tail usually indicates confidence and happiness, while a wagging tail could mean the cat is excited or agitated. Born hunters, domestic cats retain their hunting instincts. They can hunt insects, mice and other small animals, which is also a form of exercise and mental stimulation. Exceptional night vision, cats have cells in their eyes called rods, which allow them to see in low light conditions. Their night vision is up to six times better than that of humans.

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Unlike other animals that were mainly utilitarian—such as dogs used for labor or hunting—cats were revered as sacred beings deeply intertwined with Egyptian beliefs, religion, and daily life.

**Spiritual Connection:**
The spiritual connection Egyptians felt with cats stemmed from the belief that cats possessed unique powers.

Title:

Content: Are black cats really bad luck, and are more hurt at Halloween? Experts bust popular myths

·4 min read

National Black Cat Day is Thursday. Halloween isn't far behind. Each year during spooky season, rumors swirl that black cats will bring bad luck.

Also among the myths: Black cats are evil and not adoptable.

Others believe the dark-colored felines are in danger of being "irresponsibly adopted" and returned to shelters once Halloween ends.

But Christa Chadwick, vice president of shelter services at the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), said they aren't less likely to be adopted, there are just more black cats than cats of any other color. The black coloration gene in pets is dominant.

And there's no evidence to support the notion that they're in more danger around Halloween, she said.

"Black cats are not in peril on Halloween or any other day of the year," Chadwick told USA TODAY. "While black cats get wrapped up in outdated myths, the truth is that they’re just as sweet and lovable as the next feline."

'That's pure myth': Experts debunk the tale that black cats face more danger at Halloween

Reunited: Harriet the cat, who went missing in California, found nine years later in Idaho

What do black cats symbolize?

Jennifer Stott, executive director and cofounder of the Black Cat Rescue in Somerville, Massachusetts, has worked with black cats for 15 years.

In the U.S., black cats are sometimes deemed bad omens; some even have a reputation of being mean, and not as friendly as lighter-colored felines, she said.

Stottsaid black cats are "the underdogs of the cat world" because they are often overlooked.

She has also heard people argue that black cats aren't as pretty as those with other coat colors.

But in some countries, black cats are actually viewed as good luck, including in Japan and Scotland, according to History.com.

"For me, black cats have always sort of represented something a little magical in a positive way," Stott told USA TODAY.

She said black cats aren't any different from other cats, and she doesn't think coat color has any bearing on what cat personalities are like.

Are black cats actually bad luck? Here's what Americans think

Black cats have been involved in quite a few research projects over the past decade, including one done this fall by Champion Pet Foods and market research company OnePoll.

The companies conducted a survey among about 2,000 American cat owners and found that:

  • 41% of respondents think black cats bring good luck

  • 21% of participants think black cats bring bad luck

  • 30% don't think black cats bring any kind of luck

  • 8% aren't sure how they feel

Robert Carini, associate professor of sociology at the University of Louisville, led a study about cat coat colors and perceptions that was peer-reviewed and published in September 2020.

The team looked at coat color and its relation to adoptions, transfers, and the worst possible outcome, euthanasia, he said. Although the differences in numbers weren't large, cats with black coats did have some of the worst outcomes, he said.

"They didn't have a much higher chance," but "it still is a statistically detectable, higher proportion of them ultimately being euthanized rather than adopted or transferred, which includes fostering," he said.

Black cats and Halloween adoptions

Halloween doesn't impact black cat adoptions, according to Carini's research.

"It's kind of a shame that things may be looking this way for them," Carini told USA TODAY. "We didn't find it helped them in terms of their outcomes in the month of October over the two years of data that we had. We were hoping that black cats would get a break."

Stott from the Black Cat Rescue said it can be tough getting people to adopt them, both because of the belief that they bring bad luck and the fact that they physically fade into the background of cages in shelter settings.

But while many people think they are less likely to be adopted, they aren't, she said. They are more likely to be euthanized though.

And many people think black cats shouldn't be available for adoption in October, but not Stott.

In her eyes, halting adoptions is not the best thing to do. If black cats aren't adopted in October, other cats may end up in shelters that euthanize animals, she said.

"When people try to protect cats from this mythical possibility of hypothetical things that might happen to them, they are actually hurting real cats in real time," she said.

In October, her shelter takes advantage of the cats' association with Halloween, hosting special events, like this year's Halloween pizza party.

"A lot of people don't like to associate them too much with Halloween but we have found that if we keep things really positive and upbeat, that it can really spread goodwill," Stott said. "Most of our donations for the year, we do get in October, so that association to Halloween can be a positive thing."

Saleen Martin is a reporter on USA TODAY's NOW team. She is from Norfolk, Virginia – the 757 – and loves all things horror, witches, Christmas, and food. Follow her on Twitter at @Saleen_Martin or email her at sdmartin@usatoday.com.

This article originally appeared on USA TODAY: National Black Cat Day: Are they really bad luck? Experts weigh in

Their exceptional night vision led to associations with otherworldliness and protection from unseen threats.

Cats were thought to be guardians that could ward off evil spirits, snakes, and misfortune, further enhancing their mystique.

Many ancient Egyptians saw cats as intermediaries between the human and divine, a bridge between the mundane and the magical.

**Religious Reverence:**
Cats became closely linked with deities, especially Bastet (also known as Bast), the goddess of home, fertility, and protection.

Bastet was often depicted as a lioness or a woman with a cat’s head, highlighting the sacredness of cats.

She embodied both nurturing and fierce protective qualities, symbolizing the dual nature of cats themselves.

**Cultural Status in Daily Life:**
Domesticated cats in Egypt were not only beloved pets but also invaluable for their ability to control pests like mice and insects, contributing to household hygiene and food preservation.

Their presence was seen as both beneficial and divinely favored.

Title:

Content: Khasi epistemology

By Barnes Mawrie

“The Khasi people as a tribal community, do not have a scientifically and philosophically formulated epistemology.”

What distinguishes humans from animals is their brain structure. Humans have highly developed brains which are capable of thinking, reasoning and learning. We are endowed with the power to conceptualize and formulate ideas and systems of knowledge.
Every group of people in this world has its own method and approach towards learning. The science of learning as a branch of philosophy is known as epistemology. Epistemology is defined as “the theory of knowledge.” It is concerned with the mind’s relation to reality. What is it for this relation to be one of knowledge? Do we know things? And if we do, how and when do we know things? Western philosophical schools which have their origin in ancient Greek Philosophy, have a well formulated epistemology. It is characterized by a scientific approach to our understanding of the reality around us.
The Khasi people as a tribal community, do not have a scientifically and philosophically formulated epistemology. However, this does not mean that they do not have their own credible system of knowledge. In fact, in spite of its limitations in comparison to western epistemology, Khasi epistemology has many other aspects which surpass its western counterpart. If epistemology deals with the mind’s relation with reality and how this leads to knowledge and understanding of that reality, then we can apply this same principle to the Khasi’s perception of reality (visible and invisible, material and spiritual, concrete and abstract).
1) With regard to the relation of the mind with the invisible or spiritual reality, namely, God, spirits, devils, evil forces, ancestors etc, the Khasis perceive these realities from a perspective of otherworldly power that these realities possess. The mind perceives them as ultrahuman and supernatural entities who wield tremendous influence on humans and on the universe itself. The ancient Khasis employed their reason to conceive of such realities. Thus they formulated their ideas about God as U Blei and ascribe to him many titles which indicate his nature and power like U Blei u balah baïai (almighty), U Blei nongbuh nongthaw (Creator), u Blei uba pyndap pynbiang (sustainer) etc. The Khasis’ knowledge about the good nature spirits (ki blei) is derived from their perception of nature as the abode of God himself. Thus to simplify the idea of the omnipresence of God, they speak of spirits who inhabit their natural environment in the form of Leilum leiwah (spirits of mountains and rivers), Leikhlaw-leibtap (spirits of forests), Leishnong-leikhyrdop (spirits of villages) etc. Simultaneously, the Khasis perceive evil forces as co-existing with good beings. Their idea of evil is expressed by their belief in the existence of khyndai pateng ñiamra (nine layers below or hell) where ki ksuid ki khrei (devils) exist. Similarly, along with the good spirits (Lei) there exist side by side evil spirits (Suid) in our natural environment. While the good spirits bring blessing, the evil spirits cause sicknesses and suffering. Thus they speak of Suidlum-suidwah (evil spirits of mountains and forests), suidkhlaw-suidbtap (evil spirits of forests), Suidkrem-suidkroh (evil spirits of caves and crevices) etc.
2)There is a common belief that a weak and unfortunate person can be easily affected by such spirits and they call this “ngat lyngkhuh pakhuh.” For this reason, the Khasis would often appease these evil spirits more than they would do to the good spirits, for fear of being tormented by them.
3) With respect to the relation of the mind with the visible or concrete realities, the Khasis definitely have a deeper understanding of the visible reality around them
4) even more than the western people do.
a) With regard to the universe around them, namely, the visible heavenly bodies like the Sun, the Moon and the stars, the ancient Khasis perceive these as part and parcel of the human family. It is interesting to note that the Khasis never consider either the Sun or the Moon as gods unlike many other civilizations who tend to deify them. The Khasis have always correctly considered these realities as created beings and personified but not deified them in their myths and legends. Thus the Sun is spoken of as sister and the moon as Brother. It is interesting to note that much before NASA scientists prove the existence of ashy soil on the moon’s surface, the ancient Khasis have already known that, as evident in their folktale. This indicates the power of observation of the Khasis which helped them to identify realties around them even the distant ones.
b) With respect to their knowledge of the natural world, the Khasis have a much deeper and realistic perception of their natural environment. Unlike the western perception of the natural world which is basically peripheral, the Khasis’ knowledge of their natural environment is holistic and profound. Their intimate knowledge of Mother Nature springs from their close relationship with her. It is a knowledge that arises from a relationship of intimacy wherein they are able to communicate with her like humans do. If close relationship and intimacy is what leads to a deeper knowledge and understanding, then the Khasis’ knowledge of Mother Nature is deep and authentic. The fact that they are able to forecast natural events like storms, rain, good weather, bad weather, or to indicate what season would be best to cut down trees and bamboo, vindicates their scientific acumen and power of observation. Another important proof of their authentic understanding of nature, is their extensive knowledge of medicinal herbs which they very effectively use in treating various diseases and ailments or their knowledge of edible wild plants and fruits.
c) When it comes to their perception of the animal world, the Khasis’ knowledge and perception of these, go beyond the normal. The Khasis relate with the animal world just like they do with their fellow humans. They look upon the animals, birds and all living beings as part of the big family and they have the ability to communicate with these. The legend of a common market for humans and animals known as Iewluri-lura and the ancient belief that a common language existed between men and animals, prove the supernormal knowledge and perception of Khasis about the animal world which the western civilization had lost long ago. Many folktales and idioms relating to the animal world, clearly prove that the Khasis possess a credible knowledge of animal psychology.
d) With respect to knowledge and perception of human beings, the ancient Khasis’ understanding of human nature and psyche is clearly seen in their folktales, legends and idioms. However, what is more unique about their perception of human attitudes and behaviour, is closely intertwined with their perception of other living creatures. The Khasis observe human behavioral patterns and are able to categorize them accordingly. Thus we have idioms like “sew bnalad” (street dog) which refers to a particular shameless behaviour of a person. Take another idiom which says “miaw bamkhun” (cat devouring its offspring) which indicates a peculiar behaviour of parents who spoil their own children and ruin their future. Another popular idiom says “dong shimat” (one close-ended tube) signifying a typical behaviour of a person who cannot keep any secret. Yet another idiom says “khun jynreiñ” (flea child) signifying a perverse behaviour of children who bankrupt their own parents through their lavishness. There are so many such idioms which prove that the Khasis possess the ability to observe and understand different categories of human behaviour. However, what is unique and significant about Khasi behavioral psychology is its relationship to the natural world, thereby proving the interconnectedness of all species on this planet.
Perhaps we can discuss more extensively on Khasi epistemology based on further research and study. Nevertheless my intention here is to draw attention to the richness of our Khasi culture and tradition. I wish that soon we will be able to formulate our own Khasi Philosophy just like Indian Philosophy, Greek Philosophy or Chinese Philosophy etc.
In today’s world where people all over the world are seeking to reestablish their connectedness with the natural environment on account of the adverse impact of climate change, Khasi epistemology which is so linked to nature could serve as a model towards a holistic understanding and perception of the realities around us. This perhaps would liberate us from the grip of western epistemology which definitely has revealed many loopholes in it especially with regard to man’s relationship with his natural environment.

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**Mourning Rituals and Expression of Grief:**
The deep spiritual bond between Egyptians and their cats is most poignantly reflected in their mourning practices.

When a cherished family cat died, entire households expressed their grief in visible ways—most notably by shaving off their eyebrows.

Title:

Content: How Black Cats Became a Symbol of Bad Luck

Famous cat daddy Jackson Galaxy looks into the galvanizing history of black cats, particularly how they became enduring symbols of bad luck and superstition.

It’s true – black cats have been truly vilified throughout our history, from mythology to being burned at the stake as witches to… well every superstition you can think of.

Galaxy recounts how these beautiful cats got such a bad rap. The famous “Halloween Cat” pose, their association with witchcraft, and how the particularly zealous Pope Gregory IV eradicated Europe of all cats.

I gotta say if you gotta blame the demonization the official demonization of cats and especially black cats in the world starting in Europe it would be Pope Gregory IX. Thanks Pope Gregory IX, because in 1233 …he basically called out witches as worshiping a devil that was this shadowy half-man half cat I mean that basically made cats “cattis non-gratis”, especially in Europe.

Sadly, the bubonic plague spread freely across Europe as there were no cats to keep the rat population down.

By the 1300s it’s theorized anyway, that cat numbers were depleted so badly … that allowed the Bubonic Plague to just flourish. …The the more this went on the worse the rap was that black cats had on them.

The demonization got worse with the Salem witch trials and the propagation of superstition throughout history.

There is worshiping and there is vilifying and burning at the stake and all stops in between and that’s what the black cat has represented through time. …The Halloween cat and how badly misinterpreted that body position is. It is a surviving damning vision of the black cat especially when we associate during Halloween a witch and a black cat …These are vestiges of discrimination and wholesale slaughter of an innocent animal.

That being said, black cats are wonderful, sweet animals who, sadly, have a harder time getting adopted.

We gotta spread the word you guys black cats are good luck black cats are righteous … spread the word adopt a black cat today. Foster a black cat today.

This act symbolized a period of mourning and loss, mirroring (and sometimes exceeding) the expressions of sorrow displayed for deceased human relatives.

Title:

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CultureEgypt

Egypt unveils ancient workshops used to make mummies

1 hour ago

Archaeologists in Egypt have revealed two workshops that were used to embalm people and animals. Tombs were also opened up, featuring walls that depict daily life and images of an ancient priest.

https://p.dw.com/p/4Rtaf

Egyptian antiquities officials on Saturday revealed that a research team had unearthed human and animal mummification workshops as well as two tombs in the ancient burial ground of Saqqara.

The discovery follows an excavation lasting around a year near the sanctuary of the goddess Bastet and catacombs of mummified cats in Saqqara, some 30 kilometers (roughly 18.5 miles) south of Cairo.

What did the archaeologists find?

The embalming workshops, one in which humans were mummified with the other used for animals, date back to ancient Egypt's 30th dynasty — which reigned about 2,400 years ago.

Egypt's tourism and antiquities ministry said that in one of the workshops, the researchers had "found several rooms equipped with stony beds where the deceased lay down for mummification."

At the end of each bed were gutters that appeared to be needed for the mummification process.

There was also a collection of clay pots nearby to hold entrails and organs, and an assembly of other instruments and ritual vessels.

An initial study of the second workshop suggested it was used to mummify sacred animals.

Also part of the discovery were the tombs of two priests, one dating back to the 24th century BC and the other to the 14th century BC.

The earliest belonged to Ne Hesut Ba, who was the head of scribes and priest of the gods Horus and Maat in the Old Kingdom's fifth dynasty.

Mohamed Youssef, director of the Saqqara archaeological site said the tomb walls were decorated with depictions of "daily life, agriculture, and hunting scenes."

The second tomb was carved in rock and features depictions of the deceased himself, a New Kingdom priest named Men Kheber, "in different positions."

It also contained a 1-meter-long (roughly 1 yard) alabaster statue.

Push for tourists pays off

Egypt's government has strongly promoted new archaeological finds to international media and diplomats in recent years in the hope that such discoveries will help attract more tourists to the country.

Cairo aims to revive an industry that suffered from political turmoil and that was battered by the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic and fallout from the conflict in Ukraine.

Economic data showed tourism revenues climbing to $7.3 billion in the second half of 2022, a 25.7% increase compared with the previous year.

rc/msh (AFP, AP)

Only when the family members’ eyebrows grew back would the formal mourning period end, underscoring the profound importance of the cat in their lives.

**Social and Material Value:**
Harming a cat in Egypt, accidentally or otherwise, was met with severe penalties, reflecting their elevated status.

Cats were often mummified and buried with great care, sometimes even alongside their owners, demonstrating a belief in companionship that transcended death.

**Conclusion:**
In summary, cats were highly valued in ancient Egypt for their spiritual, religious, and practical roles.

They were respected as magical protectors linked to divinity, mourned as family, and treasured for the harmony they brought to Egyptian homes.

The custom of shaving eyebrows when a cat died illustrates the unique, almost sacred bond Egyptians felt with their feline companions—a reverence that continues to capture human imagination today.

Here is a summarized report on why cats were so highly valued in ancient Egypt, including spiritual connections, their role in Egyptian culture, and the mourning ritual of shaving eyebrows:

**1.

Title:

Content: As before, cats were used to ward off evil spirits: try it yourself
Where did the idea that cats ward off evil spirits come from?
1: 39
Since ancient times, cats have been famous for their mystery and special abilities.
In the world of folklore and legends, they often act as protectors against evil spirits and evil forces.
In antiquity and the Middle Ages it was believed that cats have a special sacred gift that helps them protect their homes and their owners from unfavorable energies.
In Egyptian mythology, cats were considered sacred animals associated with the goddess Bastet.
They were depicted as defenders of the home, as well as patrons of the family.
In medieval Europe, cats were often associated with magic and witchcraft, leading to their persecution during the Inquisition.
However, among the peoples of Scandinavia and Great Britain, cats were often seen as a symbol of protection from evil spirits.
In Scandinavian mythology, cats were considered companions of warriors and guides of souls of the dead on Asgard.
They were also supposed to be able to see hidden worlds and predict the future.
In the English folklore tradition, the black cat was considered a symbol of good luck and protection from evil spirits.
In medieval England, it was even believed that the owners of black cats have a special charm and protection from misfortune.
In Scotland, it was believed that if a black cat visits a house, it brings good luck and well-being to the family.
Traditions and legends about the protective power of cats are preserved in the modern world.
Many people still consider their furry friends not only faithful companions, but also mystical guardians, able to scare away evil spirits and bring harmony to the house.
Author Ilya Panferov
Ilya Panferov — freelance correspondent of Pravda.Ru

Spiritual and Religious Significance**
- **Goddess Bastet**: In ancient Egypt, cats were closely linked to spirituality and divinity, most notably through the goddess Bastet (also known as Bast), daughter of the sun god Ra.

Title:

Content: The mummy of a pet: why and why did the ancient Egyptians do this?
1: 43
The Egyptians showed special respect for their pets, their love was so great that they wanted these animals to have eternal life.
After death, pets were mummified and went through a complex burial process.
In ancient Egyptian worldview, four-legged and feathered creatures were considered sacred, divine and influencing their destinies.
They occupied an honorable place in the pantheon, and the gods were often depicted with animal heads.
Mummification was an integral part of this religious practice, emphasizing the special status of these creatures in the eyes of the Egyptians.
The Egyptians mummified various animals, believing that their gods could take different forms.
For example, the goddess Bast, the daughter of Ra, was depicted as a cat or a woman with a cat ’ s head.
This goddess symbolized well-being, joy, love and fertility.
The Egyptians especially revered cats for their ability to exterminate rodents, which was critical for preserving grain stocks, then considered valuable as gold.
Cats have also earned the nickname “sunny eye ” due to their ability to see in the dark.
This property made them important symbols in Egyptian mythology.
Archaeological studies conducted at the ancient Egyptian necropolis of Qubbet el-Hawa have uncovered the burial of crocodiles, one of which has been preserved in the form of a practically whole mummy, providing a unique look at the ancient rites and veneration of animals in this culture.
Author Petr Deryabin
Petr Deryabin – journalist, correspondent of Pravda.Ru news service

Bastet was depicted as a cat or a woman with a cat’s head, symbolizing protection, motherhood, fertility, and grace.

Title:

Content: The mummy of a pet: why and why did the ancient Egyptians do this?
1: 43
The Egyptians showed special respect for their pets, their love was so great that they wanted these animals to have eternal life.
After death, pets were mummified and went through a complex burial process.
In ancient Egyptian worldview, four-legged and feathered creatures were considered sacred, divine and influencing their destinies.
They occupied an honorable place in the pantheon, and the gods were often depicted with animal heads.
Mummification was an integral part of this religious practice, emphasizing the special status of these creatures in the eyes of the Egyptians.
The Egyptians mummified various animals, believing that their gods could take different forms.
For example, the goddess Bast, the daughter of Ra, was depicted as a cat or a woman with a cat ’ s head.
This goddess symbolized well-being, joy, love and fertility.
The Egyptians especially revered cats for their ability to exterminate rodents, which was critical for preserving grain stocks, then considered valuable as gold.
Cats have also earned the nickname “sunny eye ” due to their ability to see in the dark.
This property made them important symbols in Egyptian mythology.
Archaeological studies conducted at the ancient Egyptian necropolis of Qubbet el-Hawa have uncovered the burial of crocodiles, one of which has been preserved in the form of a practically whole mummy, providing a unique look at the ancient rites and veneration of animals in this culture.
Author Petr Deryabin
Petr Deryabin – journalist, correspondent of Pravda.Ru news service

- **Guardians Against Evil**: Cats were believed to possess special abilities, such as warding off evil spirits, seeing hidden worlds, and even predicting the future.

Title:

Content: As before, cats were used to ward off evil spirits: try it yourself
Where did the idea that cats ward off evil spirits come from?
1: 39
Since ancient times, cats have been famous for their mystery and special abilities.
In the world of folklore and legends, they often act as protectors against evil spirits and evil forces.
In antiquity and the Middle Ages it was believed that cats have a special sacred gift that helps them protect their homes and their owners from unfavorable energies.
In Egyptian mythology, cats were considered sacred animals associated with the goddess Bastet.
They were depicted as defenders of the home, as well as patrons of the family.
In medieval Europe, cats were often associated with magic and witchcraft, leading to their persecution during the Inquisition.
However, among the peoples of Scandinavia and Great Britain, cats were often seen as a symbol of protection from evil spirits.
In Scandinavian mythology, cats were considered companions of warriors and guides of souls of the dead on Asgard.
They were also supposed to be able to see hidden worlds and predict the future.
In the English folklore tradition, the black cat was considered a symbol of good luck and protection from evil spirits.
In medieval England, it was even believed that the owners of black cats have a special charm and protection from misfortune.
In Scotland, it was believed that if a black cat visits a house, it brings good luck and well-being to the family.
Traditions and legends about the protective power of cats are preserved in the modern world.
Many people still consider their furry friends not only faithful companions, but also mystical guardians, able to scare away evil spirits and bring harmony to the house.
Author Ilya Panferov
Ilya Panferov — freelance correspondent of Pravda.Ru

Their mysterious nature made them revered as spiritual intermediaries with the divine.

Title:

Content: As before, cats were used to ward off evil spirits: try it yourself
Where did the idea that cats ward off evil spirits come from?
1: 39
Since ancient times, cats have been famous for their mystery and special abilities.
In the world of folklore and legends, they often act as protectors against evil spirits and evil forces.
In antiquity and the Middle Ages it was believed that cats have a special sacred gift that helps them protect their homes and their owners from unfavorable energies.
In Egyptian mythology, cats were considered sacred animals associated with the goddess Bastet.
They were depicted as defenders of the home, as well as patrons of the family.
In medieval Europe, cats were often associated with magic and witchcraft, leading to their persecution during the Inquisition.
However, among the peoples of Scandinavia and Great Britain, cats were often seen as a symbol of protection from evil spirits.
In Scandinavian mythology, cats were considered companions of warriors and guides of souls of the dead on Asgard.
They were also supposed to be able to see hidden worlds and predict the future.
In the English folklore tradition, the black cat was considered a symbol of good luck and protection from evil spirits.
In medieval England, it was even believed that the owners of black cats have a special charm and protection from misfortune.
In Scotland, it was believed that if a black cat visits a house, it brings good luck and well-being to the family.
Traditions and legends about the protective power of cats are preserved in the modern world.
Many people still consider their furry friends not only faithful companions, but also mystical guardians, able to scare away evil spirits and bring harmony to the house.
Author Ilya Panferov
Ilya Panferov — freelance correspondent of Pravda.Ru

- **Divine Protectors**: The belief extended to the idea that cats could regulate the energy of the home, bringing harmony, good luck, and defending the household against malevolent forces.

Title:

Content: What is useful cat in the house: facts and omens
A cat in the house is always a good thing.
In ancient times, this animal was not just a pet or a talisman of luck: in some cultures, it was a deity.
Experts told about what benefits cats bring to their owners.
They say that a cat is a great talisman for happiness, but not only its gender and color are important.
Experts of the site dailyhoro.ru note that it is very important to name the cat correctly so that it brings happiness to the house.
That is why it is better to think about it especially carefully.
Facts about the benefits of cats
Cats are great at relieving stress and helping to become happier.
Simple statistical studies have shown that people who own cats become much happier and happier with their lives.
Cats treat depression.
According to surveys, about 70% of people after communicating with cats note an improvement in mood and a decrease in depressive thoughts.
A good night's sleep.
Cats provide it to everyone who has them.
Polls show that about half of people feel much calmer when their pet sleeps next to them.
Energy of Cats
Cats drive away evil spirits.
This is best handled by black pets.
In the house where the cat lives, you are unlikely to wake up from incomprehensible knocks and rustles.
Spirits do not like pets because they see and feel them.
Cats bring good luck.
Their energy has a beneficial effect on the luck of all households.
Especially strong in this regard are tricolor cats.
The cat regulates the energy of the house so that there is more harmony in it.
Where there is a cat, it always becomes calmer and emotionally warmer.
The cat senses energetic vibrations and can understand a person ’ s mood by its biofield.
That is why cats often come to us when we cry, when we feel bad and hurt.
Signs related to cats
To see a cat in a dream is good.
Expect good luck in business and insight in the spiritual realm.
In Europe, a common omen: if a cat sneezes once, it rains, and if he sneezes more than three times, it is to the disease of someone from the household.
If the cat reaches out to the guest, this is a very good sign for him and for the owner of the house.
This means that this person is a good one, and very favorable changes in life are waiting for him soon.
If guests come at the moment when the cat is washing, you need to be careful with words and deeds.
You can inadvertently offend the guest.
If the cat sleeps, curled up a tangle, it is cold.
If he hides his face, it will rain.
Source

Cats were seen as protectors both in the physical and spiritual realms.

Title:

Content: As before, cats were used to ward off evil spirits: try it yourself
Where did the idea that cats ward off evil spirits come from?
1: 39
Since ancient times, cats have been famous for their mystery and special abilities.
In the world of folklore and legends, they often act as protectors against evil spirits and evil forces.
In antiquity and the Middle Ages it was believed that cats have a special sacred gift that helps them protect their homes and their owners from unfavorable energies.
In Egyptian mythology, cats were considered sacred animals associated with the goddess Bastet.
They were depicted as defenders of the home, as well as patrons of the family.
In medieval Europe, cats were often associated with magic and witchcraft, leading to their persecution during the Inquisition.
However, among the peoples of Scandinavia and Great Britain, cats were often seen as a symbol of protection from evil spirits.
In Scandinavian mythology, cats were considered companions of warriors and guides of souls of the dead on Asgard.
They were also supposed to be able to see hidden worlds and predict the future.
In the English folklore tradition, the black cat was considered a symbol of good luck and protection from evil spirits.
In medieval England, it was even believed that the owners of black cats have a special charm and protection from misfortune.
In Scotland, it was believed that if a black cat visits a house, it brings good luck and well-being to the family.
Traditions and legends about the protective power of cats are preserved in the modern world.
Many people still consider their furry friends not only faithful companions, but also mystical guardians, able to scare away evil spirits and bring harmony to the house.
Author Ilya Panferov
Ilya Panferov — freelance correspondent of Pravda.Ru

Title:

Content: You will not miss us!
8,150 followers
10 archaeological finds that shed light on life in ancient Egypt
Incredible facts about Egypt.
Ancient Egypt is an amazing culture.
Monuments of that time, such as the Great Pyramids and the Sphinx, still hold people in awe today.
The interest of researchers is also caused by ancient Egyptian papyri.
After all, Egypt is one of the earliest cultures, whose representatives kept detailed records of everything that happened.
But even today, scientists know far from everything about the secrets of ancient Egypt, and researchers continue to make stunning discoveries.
1.
Meteorite iron
Metal of the sky.
In the Egyptian city of Girza in 1911, archaeologists found a tomb in which nine metal beads were stored.
Incredibly, it turned out that the beads appeared 2000 years earlier than in Egypt began to smelt iron.
Since then, historians have puzzled over where the ancient Egyptians got the iron for the beads.
The Egyptian hieroglyph, which meant iron, literally translates as "metal of the sky", which gives a very good reference to the understanding of its origin.
Because of the rarity of the metal, it was mostly associated with wealth and power.
It was mainly used to make jewelry and trinkets for the royal family, rather than weapons, as was customary later on.
In the 1980s, chemical analysis showed that the level of nickel in the beads was similar to that found in meteorites.
So the Egyptians thousands of years before they learned to smelt this metal, there was iron.
It may also explain the mystery of Tutankhamun ’ s dagger, made of iron and gold.
2.
Religious tattoos
The mummy of Deir el-Medina.
Today, people make tattoos for various reasons: to capture a loved one, to emphasize their dissimilarity with others or to talk about their interests.
The mummy, found in the village of Deir el-Medina, was confirmation that tattoos were in the ancient Egyptians.
The mummy of Deir el-Medina is a headless and armless torso that belonged to a woman who lived between 1300 and 1070 BC.
With the help of infrared light, 30 clearly distinguishable tattoos were found on her.
What is unique about this mummy is that she was tattooed during her lifetime, not after her death as a religious ritual.
Most of the symbols were dedicated to the powerful goddess Hathor.
Soon, three similar mummies were discovered, tattoos on which were also intended to express religious piety.
3.
Images of Demons
Demon In-mep.
As early as 4,000 years ago, the Egyptians were very afraid of demons.
However, until recently, scientists had no idea how the Egyptians represented them.
This was until two coffins dating back to the Middle Kingdom (about 4,500 years ago) were found, on which the world ’ s oldest depictions of demons were discovered.
One of them, called In-mep, was a mixture of a dog and a baboon, and the other, named Chery-Benut, was an incomprehensible creature with a human head.
The demons are depicted as two guards at the entrance to the tomb, but what they were actually responsible for is unknown.
Also on another coffin was an image of Ikenti, a demon that looked like a large bird with a cat ’ s head.
4.
Ancient Heart Disease
Princess Ahmos-Meriet Amon.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease of the arteries, which is very common today.
A sedentary lifestyle and a diet rich in fatty foods contribute to this disease.
Therefore, it is not surprising that doctors believed that atherosclerosis is a fairly new disease and it was not common in ancient populations.
Egyptologists have found that it was a very common disease thousands of years ago.
After studying 52 mummies at the National Museum of Antiquities in Cairo, it turned out that 20 of them had signs of calcification, meaning that they most likely suffered from atherosclerosis during their lifetime.
Their average age was about 45 years, and they lived in the 16th century BC.
One of the mummies belonged to the royal family, namely Princess Ahmos-Meriet-Amon, who lived in Thebes and died at the age of forty.
She is considered the oldest person who had coronary heart disease.
5.
Egyptian fashionistas
Hair extensions in ancient Egypt.
In modern days, when a woman ’ s hair begins to thicken, there are several ways to fix this.
Apparently, women in the past had the same problem because the remains of the woman that were found in the ruined Egyptian city of Amarna had 70 extensions of hair similar to those used today.
The hair was so well made that it has survived to this day, although the rest of the woman ’ s body decomposed (she died 3,300 years ago and was not mummified).
In the cemetery where the woman was buried, other bodies with henna colored hair were found.
6.
Mummified embryo
A 45-centimeter sarcophagus.
About 100 years ago, a 45-centimeter sarcophagus was excavated in Giza.
He was taken to Cambridge University, where he was sent to the vaults and forgotten about.
Initially, it was believed that separate organs were placed in the tiny coffin for some unknown reason.
But after a thorough MRI examination, it was discovered that it was actually a 16-18-week-old human embryo that had been mummified and buried in its own purpose-built sarcophagus, which contained intricate patterns and decorations.
7.
Cancer in the Egyptians
A 4,200-year-old mummy.
Like heart disease, cancer, until recently, was considered a purely modern disease.
This disease has never been mentioned in historical records.
However, this does not mean that cancer did not exist in the ancient world.
According to recent studies, two mummies, male and female, were found to have signs that they were suffering from cancer.
In 2015, a Spanish university found a mummy that showed signs of breast cancer damage.
The 4,200-year-old mummy is a woman who lived during the sixth dynasty of the pharaohs.
8.
The oldest papyrus
Official's log.
In 2011, archaeologist Pierre Tallet made a remarkable discovery in a remote area of Egypt, far from any civilization.
In thirty caves in a limestone rock discovered a kind of warehouse for storing boats in ancient Egypt.
But even more stunning was the discovery he made a few years later, in 2013, of a series of papyri inscribed on both sides in hieroglyphics and hieratic writing (an unofficial, everyday writing of the ancient Egyptians), with papyri being the oldest papyri ever discovered.
Among them was found the journal of an official named Merer, who led a group of 200 men responsible for providing materials and provisions to workers at the construction of the Great Pyramid.
9.
Brain drain in ancient Egypt
Description of the period of Persian occupation.
In 525 BC, the Persian king Cambyses captured the Egyptian capital Memphis.
After the conquest of Egypt, most of the great Egyptian minds and artists began to be taken to Persia to serve the empire there.
Only mediocre artists remained in Egypt, as can be seen from the coffin discovered in 2014.
Despite the fact that the body in the coffin was not found, scientists have found that the coffin dates back to about the years of the Persian occupation.
Interestingly, it was initially believed that the coffin was a fake, since it was made very rude and poorly.
However, it was later revealed that it was indeed the original.
There are many bizarre images on the coffin, including badly painted falcons (symbols of the god Horus) that look more like fish, four jars with the heads of four sons of Horus, which were described as "headless" and other blunders related to Egyptian mythology.
10.
Egyptian Sexual Spells
Scrolls of the third century.
In 2016, two papyrus scrolls of the third century AD were deciphered, which were written in Greek.
The 1700-year-old scrolls, which were found centuries ago, were stored at the University of Oxford in England.
And only now it turned out that they were written sexual spells designed to fall in love with another person.
The author of the spells is unknown, but they mention several Gnostic gods.
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Social and Cultural Importance**
- **Mummification and Burial**: Egyptians honored cats by mummifying them and burying them in elaborate tombs, sometimes alongside their owners or with offerings.

Title:

Content: As before, cats were used to ward off evil spirits: try it yourself
Where did the idea that cats ward off evil spirits come from?
1: 39
Since ancient times, cats have been famous for their mystery and special abilities.
In the world of folklore and legends, they often act as protectors against evil spirits and evil forces.
In antiquity and the Middle Ages it was believed that cats have a special sacred gift that helps them protect their homes and their owners from unfavorable energies.
In Egyptian mythology, cats were considered sacred animals associated with the goddess Bastet.
They were depicted as defenders of the home, as well as patrons of the family.
In medieval Europe, cats were often associated with magic and witchcraft, leading to their persecution during the Inquisition.
However, among the peoples of Scandinavia and Great Britain, cats were often seen as a symbol of protection from evil spirits.
In Scandinavian mythology, cats were considered companions of warriors and guides of souls of the dead on Asgard.
They were also supposed to be able to see hidden worlds and predict the future.
In the English folklore tradition, the black cat was considered a symbol of good luck and protection from evil spirits.
In medieval England, it was even believed that the owners of black cats have a special charm and protection from misfortune.
In Scotland, it was believed that if a black cat visits a house, it brings good luck and well-being to the family.
Traditions and legends about the protective power of cats are preserved in the modern world.
Many people still consider their furry friends not only faithful companions, but also mystical guardians, able to scare away evil spirits and bring harmony to the house.
Author Ilya Panferov
Ilya Panferov — freelance correspondent of Pravda.Ru

Such burials highlight the deep respect and affection Egyptians had for cats, equating their worth with that of humans and royalty.

Title:

Content: As before, cats were used to ward off evil spirits: try it yourself
Where did the idea that cats ward off evil spirits come from?
1: 39
Since ancient times, cats have been famous for their mystery and special abilities.
In the world of folklore and legends, they often act as protectors against evil spirits and evil forces.
In antiquity and the Middle Ages it was believed that cats have a special sacred gift that helps them protect their homes and their owners from unfavorable energies.
In Egyptian mythology, cats were considered sacred animals associated with the goddess Bastet.
They were depicted as defenders of the home, as well as patrons of the family.
In medieval Europe, cats were often associated with magic and witchcraft, leading to their persecution during the Inquisition.
However, among the peoples of Scandinavia and Great Britain, cats were often seen as a symbol of protection from evil spirits.
In Scandinavian mythology, cats were considered companions of warriors and guides of souls of the dead on Asgard.
They were also supposed to be able to see hidden worlds and predict the future.
In the English folklore tradition, the black cat was considered a symbol of good luck and protection from evil spirits.
In medieval England, it was even believed that the owners of black cats have a special charm and protection from misfortune.
In Scotland, it was believed that if a black cat visits a house, it brings good luck and well-being to the family.
Traditions and legends about the protective power of cats are preserved in the modern world.
Many people still consider their furry friends not only faithful companions, but also mystical guardians, able to scare away evil spirits and bring harmony to the house.
Author Ilya Panferov
Ilya Panferov — freelance correspondent of Pravda.Ru

- **Cats as Family Members**: The emotional value placed on cats mirrored that of human family members.

There is evidence suggesting that the loss of a family cat could cause genuine grief and mourning in households.

Title:

Content: Experts told where the expression “the cat cried ” came from
2022-11-12 13: 53
Language is unthinkable without phraseology.
Surely many of us have heard the expression “horse in apples ”,“ dog in the hay ”, “stupid as a goose ”.
The origin of the expression is easy to understand: cats were tamed thousands of years ago and lived next to people even more than other livestock.
The cat could also personify the gods: in Egypt, the goddess Bastet had the head of a cat, and in the Slavs, the god Veles could take the form of a cat.
Cats were always kept close to home, like mousetraps and amulets: the cat, according to legend, could negotiate with the spirits living in the places where they built a dwelling.
This is how the tradition of launching a cat first on a housewarming party was born.
From there, perhaps, and so close attention to these animals.
Of course, no one has ever seen tears in the eyes of cats.
Abundant secretion of eye fluid occurs only when the animal is sick.
At the same time, a similar phenomenon in cats is observed hardly more often than in other domestic animals, and why it was the cat who was honored to “cry ” about an acute deficiency, one can only guess.
However, there is another version, quite exotic.
It is associated with the so-called “difficulties of translation ”.
Here is a direct analogy with the "Jolly Roger", which was born as a result of the hearing of the English.
Perhaps the same was true of the Slavs.
In Arabic, there is the expression “qat nailaq, ” which literally means“ not enough money. ”
Probably, the Eastern peoples, which sharply ran out of the source of material goods, compared themselves with weeping animals.
This was as unthinkable as a sharp decline in income.
However, this version was not widely distributed.
Nevertheless, she has a right to life, especially since the crying cat and "kat nailak" have approximately the same meaning.
With the only difference that a crying cat symbolizes the lack of not only money, but also other things.
Posted by: Angelina Krent

Title:

Content: UkrainskUKR
EnglishENG
PolskiPOL
russianRUS
Among the graves of cats, dogs and monkeys.
In the cemetery of pets in Egypt found letters written by ancient Roman generals
2 minutes
567
An ancient pet cemetery in Egypt has become a find for a rare Roman history.
Along with carefully constructed tombs for more than 200 beloved cats, dogs and monkeys, archaeologists have found letters written 1900 years ago by the hands of nearby Roman centurions.
The burial ground, dating from the first and second centuries, is located in Berenice, a port on the Red Sea in southern Egypt built by the Roman emperor Tiberius.
The Osipino team first discovered the cemetery in 2011, and since then they have been slowly digging it up, writes Smithsonian.
Among the tombs of cats, dogs and exotic monkeys, researchers found pottery, Roman coins, and more recently several letters written on papyrus by military officers commanding units of the Roman legions.
Among the graves of the animals, researchers found countless ostracons – pieces of pottery with engraved inscriptions – but papyri are the first paper texts found at the site.
These sources of knowledge about the ancient inhabitants of Berenice come from the era of Emperor Nero, a brutal Roman ruler of the mid-first century.
During his reign, Berenick was the center of intercontinental trade, through which goods flowed from India, Arabia and East Africa.
The port was home to regional merchants, Roman trade chiefs, and, as historians have long suspected, but never before justified, a division of the Roman army.
The newly found correspondence contains several names of the alleged Roman centurions: Haosus, Lucinius, and Petronius.
In one letter, Petronius asks Lucinia, who is in Berenice, about the prices of some exclusive goods.
Petronius writes that he sends money through the "dromedary", a division of Roman soldiers traveling by camel, and tells Lucinia to provide the soldiers with veal and poles, "writes Science in Poland.
Researchers believe that the ancient Romans probably kept papyri in a nearby office, which was later destroyed by accidentally distributing its contents to a pet cemetery.
The letters are the latest evidence of developed Roman trade found in the cemetery, according to a statement: the skeletons of several buried monkeys recently identified as macaques originating from India show that the Romans imported non-utilitarian animals across the oceans.
These primates, along with long-haired cats and miniature dogs, were "elite pets," and many were buried with toys, pottery, or other companion animals.
“It is difficult to combine the image of the commanders of the ancient foreign legion with such animals, which were“ treated as family members ”, but our findings clearly show that the military elite surrounded themselves with elite domestic animals and led an exclusive lifestyle, ” comments scientist Marta Osypinska Institute of Archaeology of Wroclaw University.
Earlier OBOZ.UA said that experts have identified the most terrible sound in the world.
It's called the Death Whistle.
Only verified information we have in the Telegram-channel OBOZ.UA and Viber.
Don't be fooled by fakes!

Mourning Rituals**
- **Shaving Eyebrows**: When a family cat died, Egyptian families would shave off their eyebrows as a public sign of mourning and grief.

This act not only signified their sorrow but also demonstrated the cat's elevated status within the household.

The custom was specifically reserved for felines, reflecting their unique position in society.

Title:

Content: As before, cats were used to ward off evil spirits: try it yourself
Where did the idea that cats ward off evil spirits come from?
1: 39
Since ancient times, cats have been famous for their mystery and special abilities.
In the world of folklore and legends, they often act as protectors against evil spirits and evil forces.
In antiquity and the Middle Ages it was believed that cats have a special sacred gift that helps them protect their homes and their owners from unfavorable energies.
In Egyptian mythology, cats were considered sacred animals associated with the goddess Bastet.
They were depicted as defenders of the home, as well as patrons of the family.
In medieval Europe, cats were often associated with magic and witchcraft, leading to their persecution during the Inquisition.
However, among the peoples of Scandinavia and Great Britain, cats were often seen as a symbol of protection from evil spirits.
In Scandinavian mythology, cats were considered companions of warriors and guides of souls of the dead on Asgard.
They were also supposed to be able to see hidden worlds and predict the future.
In the English folklore tradition, the black cat was considered a symbol of good luck and protection from evil spirits.
In medieval England, it was even believed that the owners of black cats have a special charm and protection from misfortune.
In Scotland, it was believed that if a black cat visits a house, it brings good luck and well-being to the family.
Traditions and legends about the protective power of cats are preserved in the modern world.
Many people still consider their furry friends not only faithful companions, but also mystical guardians, able to scare away evil spirits and bring harmony to the house.
Author Ilya Panferov
Ilya Panferov — freelance correspondent of Pravda.Ru

Broader Magical and Supernatural Associations**
- **Omens and Signs**: Cats were associated with various omens and superstitions.

Seeing a cat in dreams was a favorable sign, and their presence at home symbolized protection and luck.

- **Cultural Taboos and Practices**: Cats were regarded with such reverence that certain behaviors around them were guided by taboos, e.g., avoiding prolonged eye contact, as it was believed to open a gateway to the otherworldly.

Title:

Content: It is better to avoid: why you can not look the cat in the eye
For many years, cat owners have been afraid to look their pets in the eye.
Owners of cats often meet their eyes with their favorite.
For a long time, a variety of mystical properties have been attributed to the cat ’ s gaze.
The Egyptians worshiped them, and the medieval Inquisition considered them to be the helpers of the devil.
It is interesting, but still many cat owners are afraid to look into the eyes of their pets.
Back to 10,000 years ago.
It was then that people tamed the first cats.
Then they protected food supplies from rodent pests, and man, in turn, provided them with the opportunity to hunt on their territory, protected the cat from larger and dangerous predators.
After the complete domestication of cats with the suppression of most of the natural instincts did not happen.
Deep in the subconscious are the instincts of wild ancestors.
Why not look the cat in the eye?
One of the reasons can be considered the discomfort experienced by the cat in direct visual contact with another animal.
Such discomfort can result in retaliatory aggression, and in any other form of demonstration of unpleasant feelings: the animal can vocalize, look away or go to another room.
No matter what kind of response direct eye contact leads to, it is important to remember that for an animal it is stress that is best avoided.
It is also said that if you look into the eyes of a cat for a long time, you can see the otherworldly world.
And although this is just a children's horror story, experts and zoopsychologists still do not recommend looking into the eyes of a pet for a long time.
The reason, however, is not mystical in nature.
What to do if the cat looks in the eyes?
If the cat itself goes to eye contact and stares at the owner in the eyes.
In the language of the predator, such behavior would mean either direct aggression, disrespect or neglect.
Of course, through such a fawning look, the cat can simply beg for a favorite delicacy or for any other reason try to attract attention.
Zoopsychologists agree that a close prolonged look in the eyes should be stopped.
This should be done mainly by switching the attention of the animal to other objects, but do not raise your voice and do not strive in any other way to aggravate the situation, even if only jokingly.
Read the latest news telegram from the editorial office of Glavred.
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Author: Sergey Kushch
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Cats in Daily Life and Death**
- **Mutual Bond**: Egyptians recognized the calming and healing presence of cats.

Cats would often comfort their owners during distress and seemed sensitive to human emotions.

- **Burial Practices**: Archaeological finds reveal that cats were often buried with their owners, or in special cemeteries, and offerings and mummification echo their sacred role.

Title:

Content: As before, cats were used to ward off evil spirits: try it yourself
Where did the idea that cats ward off evil spirits come from?
1: 39
Since ancient times, cats have been famous for their mystery and special abilities.
In the world of folklore and legends, they often act as protectors against evil spirits and evil forces.
In antiquity and the Middle Ages it was believed that cats have a special sacred gift that helps them protect their homes and their owners from unfavorable energies.
In Egyptian mythology, cats were considered sacred animals associated with the goddess Bastet.
They were depicted as defenders of the home, as well as patrons of the family.
In medieval Europe, cats were often associated with magic and witchcraft, leading to their persecution during the Inquisition.
However, among the peoples of Scandinavia and Great Britain, cats were often seen as a symbol of protection from evil spirits.
In Scandinavian mythology, cats were considered companions of warriors and guides of souls of the dead on Asgard.
They were also supposed to be able to see hidden worlds and predict the future.
In the English folklore tradition, the black cat was considered a symbol of good luck and protection from evil spirits.
In medieval England, it was even believed that the owners of black cats have a special charm and protection from misfortune.
In Scotland, it was believed that if a black cat visits a house, it brings good luck and well-being to the family.
Traditions and legends about the protective power of cats are preserved in the modern world.
Many people still consider their furry friends not only faithful companions, but also mystical guardians, able to scare away evil spirits and bring harmony to the house.
Author Ilya Panferov
Ilya Panferov — freelance correspondent of Pravda.Ru

**Conclusion**
Cats in ancient Egypt were far more than pets; they were spiritual guardians, symbols of divinity, and cherished family members.

Their unique qualities and believed supernatural abilities earned them immense respect.

Rituals such as the shaving of eyebrows during mourning reflect their deep integration into the spiritual and emotional lives of ancient Egyptians, cementing the cat’s status as both a beloved companion and a sacred being.

**Summary Nuggets: The Spiritual Significance of Cats in Ancient Egypt**

- **Deep Bonding and Domestication**: Cats were one of the first animals domesticated by humans, around 8,000 years ago.

Title:

Content: Why do so many people love raising cats?
Cats are one of the first animals domesticated by man, about 8 thousand years ago humans domesticated this type of animal, and a mutually beneficial relationship between the two parties, as it was used to eliminate the rodents that surrounded their places of residence.
Domestic cats have had their ancestors spread from Southwest Asia to Europe since 4400 BC, according to the National Geographic.
Cat breeding is spread all over the world, and it reaches many people to the stage of obsession with cats, attention, care, connotation and petting..
They are almost a substitute for the company and company of men, and some see these meek and gentle beings as an alternative to the cruelty of the world.
As Charles Dickens once said, “There is no greater gift than the love of a cat. ”
Burroughs says, “My relationships with my cats have saved me from loneliness and deadly ignorance. ”
In the veterinary clinic where I treat street cats, a man would come every day, sit for hours in front of his sick cat ’ s cage and call her with a wounded sadness: Kitty.
He feeds her with tenderness and then goes home sad and finds no one to welcome him. ”
Cats pass the survival test.
The number of cats in the world is estimated at 600 million cats, and in 2018 humans kept about 373 million pet cats in their homes, and this huge number represents a success in the animal kingdom rivaled only by the success of humans and dogs in maintaining their species.
According to the Open Culture platform, most humans cannot resist cats emotionally; "with their small heads, large charming eyes, sad gaze that evokes pity and kindness, soft fur, emotional contact with human feet, putting themselves at their mercy, our ability to carry them easily, play with them, and humanize them by dressing them as brides. May, her water that reminds us of the voice of the children, her care for us and her jumping into our arms in our moments of melancholy. ”
How do cats think?
This question was raised by the British writer Siren Kali, in an article in the British newspaper "The Guardian", answering that she loves her cat Larry; "As he looks at me with his charming eyes and gestures to me gently, he is my favorite voice in the world.
I love my little kitten, Cady, as she follows me around the house, moans in a low voice to express her desire to play with me, I love the feel of Larry's hair on my feet at night, and Cady caresses my eyelids as she wakes me up in the morning. "
How do I know what these kids really think and feel?
Dr. Carlo Siracusa, of the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, answers the question, “Although cats are the most common pets in homes after dogs, we know relatively little about them, and this is partly due to practical problems. ”
However, according to Syracuse, "there is a historical stigma that haunts humanity in its dealings with cats," she has been abused and has not received fair treatment over time.
In the Middle Ages, cats were seen as companions of witches (Gargamel and his cat Harhur in the children's series Smurfs, for example), and were sometimes tortured and burned.
Philosopher and writer John Gray, author of “The Philosophy of Cats and the Meaning of Life, ” says,“ They have been labelled evil, though cats only want to live by their own nature. ”
A study by French researchers published in the journal Animal Cognition found a close relationship between cats and their owners.
Charlotte de Mozon, author of the study, said: “We found that when cats heard their owners use a high-pitched voice directed at them, their reaction was stronger than when they heard their owner speaking normally to another adult.
"What was very surprising in our results was that cats did not react when the sound came from a stranger; cats only interact with their owners."
The study, published in The New York Times, explained that cats “pay close attention to their caretakers, not just what they say, but how they say it too. ”
Pros and Cons
The platform "Environmental-Conscience" published a number of positives and negatives in the breeding of cats, the most important of which are the following:
Pros
Cats give you companionship and may help reduce your overall stress level.
It can help you deal with emotional issues and overcome difficult times in your life.
Having a cat can help you become more responsible.
Cats can make you laugh, feel happy, and improve your mood and overall life.
Cats are very important for older people who have left their children and are living alone.
Having a cat can be great if you have small children, as they can spend a lot of time playing with it.
Cons
• You have to take care of your cat, and this can take a lot of time and effort from you.
Caring for cats costs money, especially when they get sick because of the high costs of a veterinarian.
• You have to clean your cat litter box regularly, and your house may smell somewhat unpleasant.
Cats may scratch your new furniture.
• Cats can lose a lot of hair and dirty your home.
Traveling with cats is not easy and costs money.
Having a cat is a long-term commitment, so you can ’ t give it up or throw it on the street.
Source: Websites

The relationship began due to mutual benefits—cats controlled rodents that threatened food supplies, while humans provided food and shelter.

- **Spiritual and Cultural Significance**: Ancient Egyptians revered cats for their mysterious and independent nature.

Cats became symbols of grace, protection, and fertility, and were often associated with the divine.

Their presence in households was thought to bring good fortune and spiritual harmony.

Title:

Content: General Supervision
Elham Aboul Fath
Editor-in-Chief
Thank you for your patience.
General Supervision
Elham Aboul Fath
Editor-in-Chief
Thank you for your patience.
Praise the ancient Egyptians.
American magazine publishes exciting study on Egyptian crocodile mummies
The American magazine "PLoS ONE" specialized in science and medicine published the results of a new study that included exciting details about the archaeological discovery recently announced in an Egyptian archaeological site and contained the mummies of 10 crocodiles mummified in a unique way praising the efforts of the ancient Egyptians in embalming.
The discovery of the ten mummies inside a tomb at the Dome of the Hawa near Aswan sheds more light on the mummification practices of ancient Egypt.
At first glance, some might think they ’ re looking at living crocodiles swimming in the mud, but they ’ re really just mummies of crocodiles that died about 2,500 years ago.
Crocodiles were preserved in a ritual likely dedicated to honoring Sobek, a fertility god who was worshiped in ancient Egypt and associated with Nile crocodiles.
Details of the exciting discovery were published in the scientific journal PLoS ONE on Wednesday, and it was an adult crocodile of two different species and not as it used to be when mummies of young or young crocodiles were found.
Archaeologists have previously found the remains of other mummified crocodiles, but most of them were young and were not as well as in the new discovery.
Pia de Cooper, an archaeologist at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences and co-author of the study, said: "Most of the time we were dealing with the remains of broken parts, but seeing that we have 10 crocodiles in a grave is rare.
In 2018, researchers discovered seven small tombs under a Byzantine-era landfill.
The mummified crocodiles were found in a cemetery, sandwiched between a waste site and four human burials believed to date back to around 2100 BC.
Five of the mummified crocodiles contained only the heads of the animals, while the other five were of varying completeness.
Based on the shape of the skull and the arrangement of the bone plates or scales, the research team hypothesized that the majority of the crocodiles in the cemetery were Crocodylus and the remainder were Crocodylus niloticus.
Salima Ikram, a professor general of Egyptology at the American University in Cairo, who was not involved in the study, said the information provided insight into the nature of the ancient Egyptians' understanding of the distinct behaviors of these two species of crocodiles and how they dealt with them.
"While type 2 can devour you, type 1 is relatively safe and humans can swim with it in the same pool."
The head of the research team, Spanish Egyptologist Jimenez Serrano, said: “The discovery of these mummies offers us new insights into ancient Egyptian religion and how it treated these animals as sacrifices. ”
Crocodiles have played a prominent role in Egyptian culture for thousands of years, not only because of their association with ancient Egyptian gods, but also because they are a source of food and also because their fat is used as a medicine to treat body pain and baldness.
Stuffed animals, including ibis, cats, and baboons, are relatively common finds in Egyptian tombs.

- **Sacred Symbolism**: Cats were intimately tied to Egyptian spirituality and mythology.

The goddess Bastet (often depicted as a lioness or with a cat's head) embodied home, fertility, and protection.

She was a powerful deity, and cats were seen as her sacred animals.

To harm a cat was considered not just a crime, but a sacrilegious act.

- **Mourning Rituals**: The valuable role of cats extended into Egyptian mourning practices.

When a family cat died, owners would shave off their eyebrows as a public expression of grief.

The mourning period continued until their eyebrows grew back, signaling deep respect and spiritual connection to their feline companions.

- **Preservation after Death**: Cats were often mummified and buried with their owners, or in dedicated cat cemeteries.

This practice underscored the belief in an ongoing spiritual existence and the hope for protection in the afterlife.

Title:

Content: On the occasion of the establishment of the Iraqi Air Force...
An Iraqi eagle with seven lives.
A perfect understanding.
2023-04-22T11: 55: 00.000000Z
The brave Iraqi army, especially its brilliant pilots, are celebrating these days the 92nd anniversary of the founding of their heroic air force, protector of the clear sky of Iraq, the shield of its land, and the watchful eye of its borders.On this occasion, dear to the heart of every Iraqi citizen patriotic and jealous of his country, and from its history full of heroism, and achievements witnessed by brothers and friends. As part of the travel of this ancient institution, here is one of the stories of one of the brave vultures of the air, strange and funny in its timing, took place during the 1970s of the last century and deserved to be called a distinction (an Iraqi eagle with seven lives) and we write the details below in full honesty:
The cat is usually described as having seven lives, and anyone who has survived a certain death multiple times is referred to as (like a cat with seven lives...!) .This common and circulating proverb leads us to wonder in its meaning: Will cats come back to life if they are weaned seven times...?! What is the good reason for this saying or this myth and why cats in particular...?
The ancient pharaohs believed that a cat has more than one soul, and that it is able to survive various accidents, and whenever it survives a fatal accident, one of its seven souls is lost.
Or does man have a second spirit, as the Pharaohs believe, and man by his nature chooses what he wants and when he wants, but in the end he is guided by the destinies of God, who does not want to return to his will and glory?
As an example of what we have mentioned, the Russian monk Rasputin had a spiritual power to heal, and also a miraculous power to survive the poison of cyanide, the bullets of pistols, and the chains of iron, until he drowned and died after a great effort.
Our modern military history reminds us of real evidence and facts stranger than fiction.
A glaring example of this is what happened to the English officer Adrian Carton de Weyart, who participated in the Boer War in Africa in 1899 and then World War I and World War II.
From these wars he received plagues and misfortunes, unless any of his colleagues received them.
He was shot in the leg, then in the chest and abdomen, lost his ear, and a bullet pierced his head and came out without damage, and was injured by multiple fragments of his body until his left hand was amputated, and one of his eyes was taken out, and his plane fell in the open sea near Egypt, but he survived until he reached the coast swimming, and was imprisoned for two years in captivity camps.
Churchill sent him with a delegation to China as the official representative of Britain, but his plane fell into the sea and all the passengers died except him.
He died of natural causes in 1963 at the age of 83, and received high honors and honors during his long service, which are awarded only for valor in the face of the enemy.
He published a book called "Happy Odyssey" in which he said, "Frankly...
I enjoyed the war...!) and such stories, paradoxes and destinies applied relatively to a young Iraqi pilot officer who recently graduated, did what every pilot does during his first hours of flight in military aircraft with a fixed or mobile wing, but what differed from them was exposed to unfortunate and even fatal accidents that are not enviable.
Anyone who hears their scenarios and details does not conclude in his imagination that this pilot has inevitably died of these accidents, but the will of God is the greatest and His providence is the strongest of all calamities and tribulations.
Iraqi pilot Mohammed Tarek Sayed Hamid, a recent graduate of the Air Force College in 1970, specialized in piloting the Mi-21, a supersonic combat aircraft that was at the time one of the most modern and sophisticated military aircraft in the world.
The pilot Tarek, who was at the beginning of his aerial climb, faced three major air crashes.
He was then in the flower of his youth and the beginning of his life as a military pilot dreaming of flying his wing and proud to defend his country and boasting when he penetrated the sky leaving behind the people of the ground.The first incident happened to him when he was flying his Mi-21 PFM, in a (training) flight on July 16, 1972, which is the day and the date that can not be forgotten in his life as a lieutenant pilot.
In that flight, he was the target of the training and the other pilot was the target.
During the intersection, as he approached the target aircraft, a problem occurred in the aircraft, where the engine rotation (RPM) slowed to the lowest degree of rotation (Idle Run), which is at an altitude of 5,500 m.
The pilot Tarek, was converting the altitude to his speed in order to be able to control the aircraft trying effort to reach the base, and the commander of the squadron was also in the air with a double plane asked him about his height and location and told him now at a height of 4 thousand meters, and in the case of gradual decline.
He replied to the command of the squadron: When you reach a height of two thousand meters and the engine of the aircraft did not respond, you have to prepare to throw yourself out of the plane! The plane reached an altitude of 1800 m and told his order so the commander said: Eject now from the plane...!
But the pilot Tarek did not eject, contrary to the order issued to him, and this was a big mistake from him believing that he would reach the runway in the final landing area.
The plane reached an altitude of 300 meters, until the wheels came down from the belly of the plane and the plane fell at frightening speed towards the ground and perpendicular.
Here the pilot decided to press the lever of the ejection chair to go out before the plane crashed into the ground and exploded, to land the parachute in a confused position and his contact with the ground was shocking, and the wind speed at the time 20 m / s, fell to the ground strongly and the parachute took him and dragged him 150 m on the ground until he managed to control and freedom after he was injured and multiple bruises in his body and glided His skin.
He was immediately taken by ambulance to Habbaniya Military Hospital and stayed there for four days for treatment and treatment.
He was then granted sick leave for 21 days, which was a beautiful occasion and a golden opportunity to get married and enjoy sick leave in appearance, but honey in reality, and this is the will of God that saved the pilot Tariq, from the cage of death to enter the golden cage after bad luck...!
* * *
The second incident occurred on 26 / 1 / 1975, less than three years after the first incident and in the same model as the previous Mic 21 aircraft but double cabin and pilot Mohamed Tarek had been raised at the time to the rank of first lieutenant. That day, within the normal flight curriculum, he had an air combat sortie called (one against one). The aircraft is requesting to send two officers to inspect the MIK-21, a dual aircraft after its engine was replaced by a new one.
The commander of the squadron decided to go to the laboratory to conduct the examination himself, accompanied by the first lieutenant pilot Mohammed Tariq, and postpone his combat training flight to another time, and this is another luck that knocked his doors.
And the worst of bad luck is to be content with it.
The two officers picked up the plane from the aircraft parking lot and the squadron command sat in the front cockpit while the pilot, Mohamed Tariq, sat in the rear cockpit to monitor the meters.
The plane was turned on, and its meter pointer started operating normally on the ground.
Then the plane took off until it reached an altitude of 5 thousand meters, and the pilot began to make a rotation of the plane and some vertical maneuvers and aerial games and then climbed to an altitude of 11,000 meters and the plane broke the sound barrier.
Upon landing and returning to the airport and reaching an altitude of 6,000 meters, pilot Tarek heard an unusual bang followed by a few seconds when the engine was turned off.
He tried to start it a second and a third time, but the engine did not respond, and the red oil pressure light glowed to indicate that the engine had stopped completely and was damaged, and then the light of burning, that is, the engine was hit by fire inside, so the pilot in the front cabin tried to extinguish, but his efforts failed and they are at this high altitude between the sky and the ground...!
In these critical moments, between death and life, the pilot made the decisive decision to throw their chairs up and let the plane fall to the ground with a lifeless, flammable mass, which is about 1,800 meters high.
In the meantime, the pilot Tarek, who is in the air what is known as temporary fainting, which lasts for a few seconds, woke up from his fainting after and found himself in the sky suspended under his umbrella and his colleague also suspended, and he falls with him to the ground, so he thanked God for his survival and mourned his luck on this difficult task, but luck sometimes supports the brave...!
While he was approaching the ground, the pilot saw Tarek, a helicopter approaching him, and he was suspicious and afraid that the pilot of this helicopter did not see him and the possibility of hitting the fan of the plane or cutting the ropes of the parachute, and this is another fatal situation and the same as the case of those who run from the rain comes cold...!
However, it turned out that the helicopter was in the air at the moment of the failure of the fighter plane and picked up a distress call by radio and went to rescue the pilots. The area where the pilots were supposed to land is the areas adjacent to the Diyala River and was in a flood at the time, so that the water covered all the lands adjacent to the river. The helicopter immediately transferred them to Al-Rashid Military Hospital and took them to the X-rays, which showed that the pilot Tareq, broke a refractory in the seventh and twelfth vertebrae of his spine and pain in his back remained with him until today, but most importantly, God saved his soul again and gave him a new life, after playing the carving. It ’ s a bad turn again!
* * *
The third incident occurred this time with a helicopter, not a fighter jet.
As is well known, the consequences of the crash of such aircraft almost inevitable death of the crew and their survival rate is very small because they do not contain an emergency landing parachute or other safety precautions.
Luck seems to come to those who don ’ t.
Fate withdrew him to go to the air base in his military uniform to receive his monthly salary.
After receiving his salary, he went to the site of Air Control for Peace on his fellow pilots and technicians.
As he sat next to them, he noticed a beam from the CRDF device showing the direction of the plane and the connection to the airport.
In the air at the time was a formation of four aircraft, three of which began to land and the fourth disappeared from the radar device.In the meantime, the commander of the air base entered the control room to see the situation and was briefed, and here the pilot Tariq, alerted him about the signal in the CRDF device, asked the commander of the base Do you know the area well?
He answered in the affirmative and the commander said to him: Then go to the helicopter that is ready to fly now with its pilot and take with you a medical rescue crew and go to the area to find them...!
But the pilot Tarek, did not tell his commander at that moment, that he is officially licensed and confirmed in the daily orders, and this means a military violation, whether by the commander or the pilot himself!
The pilot Tarek, in his personal car, went to the parking lot and found the plane ready to take off with its crew and minutes later the plane took off and sat the pilot Tarek, between the pilots who pilot the plane and directed them to the area that appeared on the CRDF screen, and actually they reached the area and the plane was seen crouching on the ground and there are clear traces of the plane to the ground for about 100 meters Inside, he was martyred as first lieutenant pilot Imad Abdul Wahid.
The pilot of the search plane was close to the martyr pilot, and when he was sure that he suffered a psychological shock made him absent-minded unable to act and can not continue to drive the plane, the plane fell from a height of twenty meters, and could not even the second pilot of control the plane crashed into the ground strongly and rolled four times and took off the side door and began to flow fuel from the reserve tank Tariq and his fellow pilots Get them whipped just in time before the plane burns.
A few days later a rescue plane came to take them to Al-Rasheed Military Hospital to conduct routine medical tests on them, and the pilot Tarek, had broken his finger and dangled from his place, in contrast, the X-ray results of his vertebrae sliding originally in an earlier accident, returned to normal was a strange paradox for the doctor, as was foreshadowed two days after happy news that he had a new child Hey, Sally...
He entertained and forgot the bitterness of this incident and blessed himself for a new life free from its missteps and evil.
* * *
These fatal incidents did not dissuade Tarek, and did not demoralize him, but continued to challenge combat and operational aviation and his natural love for them with his fellow pilots in the air bases throughout the years that followed.
When the sounds of the war drums between Iraq and Iran began to be heard, and with it began the Iranian violations and provocative attacks against the cities and towns of Iraq on September 4, 1980, and with the increase of the combat readiness of the air force in all bases, reconnaissance aircraft, including the pilot Mohammed Tariq, began to roam the skies of Iraq in a reconnaissance and photographic mission massing the Iranian ground units along the eastern border of Iraq until September 22, 1980. A total war on land, air and sea between the two countries was ignited to last eight lean years in which Iraq lost thousands of its sons, including irreplaceable qualified pilots, priceless fighter planes and great material losses. Thus, the life of Mohammed Tariq, as a military pilot, graduated in its course and rose positions naturally and obtained a master ’ s degree from the Faculty of Staff in 1980 / cycle 46, and worked as a teacher at the University. Al-Bakr for Military Studies, until he retired in 1992, after a distinguished service in the Iraqi army for almost a quarter of a century, in which he tasted bitter and sweet, during which he traveled thousands of kilometers and spent hundreds of hours, flying in the sky of the homeland, and the divine care saved him from certain death many times during his service in peace and war, to rest forever on the ground among his family and children. From there he began to prepare and write his memoirs so that his heroic saga with his other colleagues would remain a beacon for the young pilots and lessons learned in life and survival, victory and victory against the enemies of the homeland.
As his predecessor, the English officer Adrian, said, the pilot Tarek will write in his memoirs: "Frankly...
I enjoyed flying...
And no soul knows what it earns tomorrow, and no soul knows which land it will die; surely Allah is All-Knowing, All-Knowing.
Shafaq Live
Shafaq Live

- **Cats in Daily Life**: Cats had a practical purpose in keeping homes and grain stores free from pests, thus playing a significant economic and social role.

Their value is evident in art, sculpture, and tomb paintings, where they are depicted as beloved and respected members of the household.

Title:

Content: Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
I'm sorry.
Mohamad Elbaz
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Editors
I'm sorry.
Mohamad Elbaz
with 5 artefacts.
Egypt tops the list of the 50 most beautiful pieces of art in the world
The European website "Boride Panda" said that human talent knows no borders, as the world knew art from the beginning of humanity, and many civilizations remained present until the modern era because of the arts, especially the Pharaonic civilization in ancient Egypt, which is still greatly admired by scientists and artists.
He continued: Pharaohs excelled in a lot of arts, including sculpture, painting, architecture and engineering, as well as some other civilizations that excelled in carving structures, where wonderful things range from small but amazing creations such as hand-carved coins bearing the faces of former rulers to huge and giant structures such as the Colosseum in Rome.
Although some of these masterpieces have been around for thousands of years, they still fascinate the world.
Egypt has the most beautiful art.
The site pointed out that 5 Egyptian artifacts were among the best 50 archaeological artifacts around the world, including a huge stone painted by the well-preserved state cart of Pharaoh Thutmose IV (R. 1401-1388 BC of the 18th Dynasty), showing the pharaoh beating his enemies, was discovered from his tomb Kv43, Luxor, Egypt, and the stone painting was placed in the Museum of Egyptian Civilization in Cairo.
He continued that the other piece is an ancient porcelain ring depicting a mother cat with cats that would be a charming and important artifact in the context of ancient Egyptian culture, and porcelain is a type of polished material that was commonly used in ancient Egypt and has many decorative and functional uses, and these objects were often made with great skill and attention to detail.
He added that the third piece is a witness extracted from the sunken city of Heraklion, the fourth piece is a bust of Pharaoh Userkaf, the founder of the Fifth Dynasty and builder of the first Egyptian sun temple in Abu Sir, and the fifth piece belongs to the huge statues of Pharaoh Amenhotep III on the west bank of the Nile, in Luxor.

- **Wider Perspective**: The special status of cats in Egypt was distinct from how animals were treated in other ancient cultures, further highlighted by archaeological studies and mummification practices aimed at better understanding ancient Egyptian life and beliefs.

- **Enduring Connection**: The deep symbolic relationship between Egyptians and their cats—expressed through mourning rituals, representation in art and religion, and careful mummification—reflects a profound spiritual bond that continues to resonate with many cat owners today who feel a similar soulful connection.

**Summary**: In ancient Egyptian culture, cats were not just pets but deeply spiritual beings.

Their revered status was marked by ritual mourning (shaving eyebrows), legal protection, association with the goddess Bastet, and prominent representation in daily life and the afterlife.

Their role blended practical utility with a profound sense of spiritual companionship, echoing the mysterious, soul-deep bond some people feel with their cats even today.

**Summary of Key Points with Focus on Ancient Egyptian Cats:**

- **Spiritual Connection in Ancient Egypt:**
Cats held profound spiritual and cultural significance in ancient Egyptian society.

Title:

Content: Luoyang website home news County people voice e-newsletter website submission Luoyang community
News | Photo | Luo Yang
The cat has to be hired to see the ancient fancy pet cat.
Your current location ： Home > News > Luoyang > Classic Luoyang > River Luo Guangji Source: Luoyang Network 2022.08.11 08: 13
August 8 is International Cat Day.
Collector Ma Wei loved dogs when he was young, and he loved cats when he was older, because cats would sell their love, and he did not have to go out every day to walk, which was more suitable for elderly people with less sharp legs.
People who like to rob cats and pet cats laugh at themselves as "cat slaves."
Cats are ancient.
Today, the cat is more casual, the ancients have a sense of ceremony, want to bring a cat home, have to prepare a "bride price", choose a auspicious day.
From cat to slave.
Chinese cats have been domesticated for thousands of years.
In the beginning, the reason why the Holuo ancestors raised cats was simple: cats would catch mice and help humans expel rats and protect food.
In the Book of Songs of the Zhou Dynasty, there is a "rat", which refers to the plague of rats in ancient times, and people expect that "rats and mice will not eat my millet".
Rats naturally do not listen to advice, and it is only effective to have a cat to deal with them.
The cat even once ascended the altar because of its skillful mousetrap.
There is a custom of sacrificing cats in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.
Luoyang is the eastern Zhou Wang City, the status of the cat can be imagined.
There are domesticated domestic cats in the Han Dynasty.
A famous official of the Western Han Dynasty, Dongfang Shuo, said in a letter to General Huo Qiao, "Qiqi, Green Ear, Ganghong, Huanliu, and all the good horses in the world will hunt rats in the deep palace, which was not as good as a lame cat."
From this, it is inferred that there are cats in the royal palaces of Changan in the capital of the Western Han Dynasty and Luoyang in the capital of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
During the Tang and Song Dynasties, cat raising gradually became a trend, and cats were popular from the court to the people.
In places such as Luoyang, the eastern capital of the Tang Dynasty, and Bianliang, Tokyo, in the Northern Song Dynasty, the popularity of cats is self-evident.
According to the Song book "Tokyo Dream Hualu", there are shops selling cat food in Bianliang Market in Holuo District. The Song Dynasty people affectionately called the cat "Utrinu" and regarded the cat as a family member.
Bring salt as a dowry.
Since the cat is regarded as a family member, the cat is naturally not abrupt.
The process of bringing cats into the house in the Song Dynasty was full of ceremony and very exquisite.
Whether it is to buy a cat or to adopt a kitten at the home of relatives and friends, you must first turn over the imperial calendar, such as the "Xiang Ji Bei Tong Book", select a "Na Cat" auspicious day, and then prepare a dowry, come to the door to ask the cat.
The bride price is either a bag of sugar, two bags of tea, or a bag of salt, a string of fish, or sesame, jujube, etc. The key is to express your feelings. Even if you adopt a stray kitten, you should bring a bunch of small fish to your mother.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, Huang Tingjian was disturbed by rats and slept rough all night. He heard that other people ’ s cats had a litter of kittens, and he quickly “bought fish to wear willow cicadas ” and took the small fish to ask the cat.
The Song Dynasty poet Lu Yu was shy in his pocket, could not afford to buy fish, and asked the cat to go home to guard the books with salt, "wrapped in salt to welcome the small villain, protect the mountain house thousands of books", "cold felt to eat no fish", quite ashamed of the cat.
Let the cat say goodbye to the cook.
"Cat Court" and other ancient books said, please the cat also have to sign the "cat deed", and the cat agreed to mutual help and love, shovel the shit officer must be kind to the cat, the cat has to catch the mouse, and ask God to protect the cat from loss.
When you go to pick up the cat, you should put the cat in a cloth bag or cover the cat's head with a cloth, and put it in a bucket (or bucket).
When you encounter a ravine on the road, you have to fill it with stones.
In order to allow the cat to live in harmony with other family members, the cat must first "visit the dock" - let the cat pay homage to the "head of the family" and the family dog, and then put the chopsticks brought back into the mound, it is said that the cat will not pull at home.
According to modern cat slaves, the ancient people's "cat law" is scientific: they may have long found that the cat has territorial consciousness, so a chopstick with the smell of the cat mother (the original owner's house) inserted into the mound, made of the original "cat litter basin".
Cats are curious, jumping up and down everywhere to play, in order to prevent the little cat from getting lost, the ancients also summarized a set of "anti-lost cat big law".
For example, "the first kitten to return, with a pig liver one or two pieces, with the cat out of the door, with a fine bamboo branch whip, put home and then with the liver two pieces."
It is to let the kitten long memory, honest at home there is pig liver to eat, go out to be beaten, so many training several times, the cat will not dare to run around.
There is another way more interesting: "The cat who lost the stove god, but with rope around the stove chessboard, for a few days the cat (back)." Cats like to sleep next to the warm stove, so pray that the god of the stove will show his power to attract the cat back.
There is also a kind of "scissors big method" that has been handed down to the present day: put a bowl of water on the stove, put a pair of scissors flat on the bowl, the scissors open to point to the door or window, and then call the cat's name, and the cat will go home.
These are the unknowns, and they are not easy to say.
Modern people more believe in the power of information dissemination, lost the cat, send a circle of friends, is certainly better than asking for the kitchen king. (Luo newspaper, Luoyang network reporter Zhang Lina)
[Editor: Ma Jiajia]
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They were closely associated with the goddess Bastet (sometimes spelled Bast), who was depicted as either a lioness or a woman with a cat's head.

Title:

Content: The cat becomes the goddess Baxter! 2 Meow to look: Are you also suffering?
Editorial Center / General Report
2022-09-02 13: 35: 40
In Egyptian mythology, Bastet is the goddess of the head of the cat, also known as the goddess of the cat, the goddess of pregnancy and childbirth, who was once a goddess of war, and slowly transformed into the guardian of the family, symbolizing the warmth and joy of the family.
And the Japanese master uses "simple one thing", so that their two black cats into the goddess Bastet, they look at each other high and low, as if to comfort each other: "It seems that you can not escape the master's claws ah ~".
This is an advertisement, please continue reading.
On the 1st, the Lord posted a message saying that he put a fruit net on his cat ’ s head to make it look noble and cute, and his wife laughed and said that he was like the Egyptian goddess Bastet. Soon after he ate the marrow and made another cat change, and two black cats forced to become goddesses, one standing on a higher cupboard, with the door as the center. They look down at each other, and they look at each other with a thousand words in their eyes.
Netizens reply "My cat also has imitation haha", "round eyes are so cute", "Sorry, I did the same thing to my parents' cat" XDD "," My dog has been played by my wife before, but it looks good (laughs) ".
(Editor: Li Huiting)
This is an advertisement, please continue reading.

Bastet represented protection, fertility, home, motherhood, and the warmth of the sun, but was also seen as a fierce defender of the pharaoh and the nation.

Title:

Content: The cat becomes the goddess Baxter! 2 Meow to look: Are you also suffering?
Editorial Center / General Report
2022-09-02 13: 35: 40
In Egyptian mythology, Bastet is the goddess of the head of the cat, also known as the goddess of the cat, the goddess of pregnancy and childbirth, who was once a goddess of war, and slowly transformed into the guardian of the family, symbolizing the warmth and joy of the family.
And the Japanese master uses "simple one thing", so that their two black cats into the goddess Bastet, they look at each other high and low, as if to comfort each other: "It seems that you can not escape the master's claws ah ~".
This is an advertisement, please continue reading.
On the 1st, the Lord posted a message saying that he put a fruit net on his cat ’ s head to make it look noble and cute, and his wife laughed and said that he was like the Egyptian goddess Bastet. Soon after he ate the marrow and made another cat change, and two black cats forced to become goddesses, one standing on a higher cupboard, with the door as the center. They look down at each other, and they look at each other with a thousand words in their eyes.
Netizens reply "My cat also has imitation haha", "round eyes are so cute", "Sorry, I did the same thing to my parents' cat" XDD "," My dog has been played by my wife before, but it looks good (laughs) ".
(Editor: Li Huiting)
This is an advertisement, please continue reading.

- **Reverence and Daily Life:**
Egyptians highly valued cats for both practical and spiritual reasons.

On a practical level, cats protected food supplies by hunting rodents and snakes, which in turn contributed to their revered status.

By extension, their role in safeguarding grain stores linked them symbolically to the prosperity and survival of the family and the community.

Title:

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1. 1.
Traditional Chinese New Year Customs and Traditional Culture
2. 2.
Catalog CATALOG Origin of the Spring Festival Origin of the twelve zodiac signs Spring Festival Traditional customs Spring Festival Traditional cuisine
3.3.
Traditional Chinese New Year Markets and Traditional Culture
4.4.
On the eve of the Spring Festival this year, people in Peach Blossom Village were helping the old and young to take refuge in the mountains.
Some villagers have closed their windows and locked their doors, some have packed their bags, some have led cattle to chase sheep, and people everywhere are shouting and hissing, and there is a panic scene.
At this time, who cares for the old man who begged.
Only an old woman in the eastern part of the village gave the old man some food, and advised him to quickly go up the mountain to avoid the "Year" beast, the old man smiled and said: If my mother-in-law let me stay at home for a night, I will certainly drive the "Year" beast away.
The old woman looked at him with surprise, and saw him with a childlike face, hale and hearty spirit.
But she continued to persuade, begging the old man to laugh and not speak. Her mother-in-law, helpless, had to leave home and go to the mountain to take refuge.
Legend has it that in ancient China, there was a monster called "Year", with long tentacles and unusual ferocity. "Year" lived deep in the sea and crawled ashore every New Year's Eve, devouring livestock and harming human lives.
Therefore, every New Year's Eve, people in villages and villages help the old and young to flee to the mountains to avoid the harm of the "Year" beast.
5. 5.
The origin of the Spring Festival came at midnight, when the "Year" beast broke into the village.
It found that the atmosphere in the village was different from previous years: the old woman's house in the east of the village, the door was covered with red paper, and the candles in the house were bright.
Nearly the door, the hospital suddenly heard the sound of "bang bang bang", "year" shuddering, no longer dare to move forward.
It turns out that the "year" is the most afraid of red, fire and explosion.
At this time, the door of her mother-in-law's house was wide open, and an old man in a red robe in the hospital was laughing.
The next day was the first day of the first lunar month, and the people who came back from the refuge were surprised to see that the village was safe and sound.
At this time, the old woman came to her senses and hurriedly told the villagers about the promise of begging the old man. The villagers crowded to the old woman 's house, only to see the red paper on the door of her mother-in-law' s house, a pile of unburned bamboo in the courtyard is still "snapped", and several red candles in the house are still shining.
In order to celebrate the auspicious arrival, the ecstatic villagers have changed their clothes and put on new hats to say hello to their relatives and friends.
The incident spread quickly in the surrounding villages, and people knew how to drive away the "Year" beast.
Since then, every year on New Year's Eve, families have put red couplets and set off firecrackers.
In the morning, they will greet each other with a warm welcome.
This custom has spread more and more widely, and has become the most solemn traditional festival of Chinese folk.
6.6.
Traditional Chinese New Year CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONAL CULTURE
7. 7.
A folk story about the origin of the twelve zodiac signs says that Emperor Xuan Yuan wanted to choose twelve animals to serve as palace guards, and the cat put the mouse on the list, but the mouse forgot, and the cat missed the date, and the cat sought revenge when he saw the mouse.
Originally, the cow was first pushed, but the old rat secretly climbed up the back of the cow to take the lead, the rat was first, and the cow was second. The tiger and the dragon were not convinced, and were sealed as the god of mountains and sea, and ranked behind the rat and the cow.
Now the rabbit again refused to accept, to race with the dragon, and the rabbit ran in front of the dragon. The dog was not happy, and was punished to the bottom of the rabbit. The snake, the horse, the sheep, the monkey, the chicken, and the pig came again, and the dog was second in the bottom.
The above legend also explains why the zodiac has no cats.
In fact, ancient China did not have a cat, the home of the domestic cat in Africa Sudan, later introduced to Egypt, from Egypt to China, when the zodiac had long been formed.
8.8.
The origin of the twelve zodiac signs: rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, chicken, dog, pig
9 9.
TRADITIONAL CHINESE NEW YEAR CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONAL CULTURE
10. 10.
In ancient times, people thought that the Lord of the Kitchen would bring happiness to the family and bless the peace of the family in the coming year.
Therefore, every year on the twenty-third day of the lunar month, every household sacrifices to the god of the stove, asking him to speak more good words and auspicious words after heaven.
This ritual of sending the stove god is called "sending the stove" or "expressing the stove".
On New Year ’ s Eve, we will bring back the “stove god ” again.
For this reason, on the evening of the 23rd of the lunar month, the portraits or photos of the Lord of the Kitchen and his ancestors should be hung on the wall, prepared with wine and tributes, and accepted the worship of the people until the New Year's Eve.
However, when the sacrifice is made, the Kanto sugar should be melted and applied to the mouth of the Lord of the Cooker, so that the Lord of the Cooker would not say bad things.
Stove sugar (also known as Kanto sugar) is a kind of maltose also known as Mash sugar, sticky, it is pumped into a strip of sugar stick called "Kanto sugar", pulled into a flat round is called "sugar melon".
Put it outside in winter, because the weather is cold, the cucumber is solid and there are some tiny bubbles inside, and it tastes crisp and sweet and crisp.
Sacrifice stove
11. 11.
The people say, "On the twenty-fourth day of the lunar month, the dust sweeps the house."
After the festival was held, the preparations for the New Year were officially started.
Sweeping dust is the year-end sweeping, the north is called "sweep house", the south is called "Shan dust".
It is a common practice of the Chinese people to sweep away dust before the Spring Festival.
On the day of the dust sweeping, the whole family started to clean the house and the courtyard, scrub the pots and bowls, remove the bedding, and clean the New Year.
In fact, people use the harmonic sound of "dust" and "Chen" to express the will to remove Chen and eliminate the old.
According to Lu's Spring and Autumn, there was a custom to sweep dust during the Spring Festival in China during the Yao and Shun era.
According to the folk saying: because of the harmony of "dust" and "Chen", the new year sweeping dust has the meaning of "except Chen Buxin", and its intention is to sweep all "poor luck" and "bad luck" out of the door.
Or on the twenty-third, twenty-fourth and twenty-seventh days, they call it “dust. ”
On the 24th of the lunar month, the practice of sweeping houses and thoroughly cleaning the interior and exterior of courtyards is a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation, which has accumulated in the long history of paying attention to hygiene and preventing diseases in winter.
12. 12.
There is a custom of pasting the door god throughout the Chinese New Year.
The first door god was carved into peach wood as a human shape, hanging next to the door, and later painted as a door god figure posted on the door.
In the legend, the two brothers in Shen Ta and Yu Lei specialize in regulating ghosts, and have them guard the door, and the big and small evil ghosts dare not enter to harm.
After the Tang Dynasty, there were paintings of Zhong Kui in the hometown of Zhong Kui blessing the town house, Zhong Kui the door god, and portraits of Qin Qiong and Wei Chi Jingde as the door god, as well as paintings of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei as the door god.
The door gods have a left door and a right door, and the descendants often draw a pair of door gods into a text and a force.
The door god is divided into three categories: the first category is the "door god", which is attached to the door or the whole door, about four or five feet high and about two or three feet wide.
The second category is the "God of the Street Gate", which is more attached to the small street door, about two feet high and about one foot wide.
These two goddesses are a black face and a white face.
White left and black right, white good and easy, black and evil, each hand is the same.
The third category is the "door god", which is slightly smaller than the street door god, and is also a black and white god, but also a black and white god is a sitting image.
13. 13.
The Spring Festival couplet is also called "door to door", "spring post", is a kind of couplet, because it is posted during the Spring Festival, so the name.
One of the sources of the Spring Festival couplet is the peach charm, so there is the verse "thousands of families pupil pupil pupil pupil pupil day, always replace the new peach for the old charm".
At first, people used peach wood to carve a human figure to hang beside the door to avoid evil, then painted the door god on the peach wood, and finally simplified to write the name of the door god on the direct peach wood board.
Another source of spring couplets is spring stickers.
The ancient people put up the word "Yi Chun" in the spring day, and gradually developed into the Spring Festival couplet.
The Spring Festival couplets, also known as door pairs, spring stickers, couplets, pairs, peach amulets, etc. It depicts the background of the times with neat, matching, concise and exquisite words, expressing good wishes.
14. 14.
New Year pictures are also common in urban and rural areas, and the thick black and colorful New Year pictures have added a lot of happy and festive atmosphere to thousands of families.
These have the folk function of praying and decorating the residence.
Chinese New Year painting is an ancient folk art in China, which reflects the customs and beliefs of the people and places people's hopes on the future.
Like the Spring Festival couplets, it originated from the "Door God".
With the rise of wood printing, the content of New Year's paintings is not limited to monotonous themes such as the door god, and has become rich and colorful.
Chinese New Year paintings have appeared in three important producing areas: Suzhou Peach Blossom Wook, Tianjin Yang Liuqing and Shandong Weifang.
15. 15.
Pasting window flowers is an ancient Chinese holiday custom, and people in many parts of China like to put various kinds of paper-cut window flowers on the windows during the Chinese New Year. The window flowers not only brighten the festive atmosphere, but also bring people a beautiful enjoyment, which integrates decorative, euphoric and practical.
Paper cutting is a very popular folk art, deeply loved by people for thousands of years, because it is mostly attached to the window, so people generally call it "window flowers".
The contents of the window flowers are rich and the subject matter is wide.
Because the buyers of window flowers are mostly farmers, window flowers also have fairy tales, drama stories and other themes.
In addition, the image of the flower, bird and worm fish and the zodiac are also very common.
With its unique generalization and exaggeration, the window flower displays the auspicious things and the beautiful wishes to the fullest, and decorates the festival with a red flame and a happy atmosphere.
16.
Hanging lanterns The Spring Festival hangs red lanterns symbolizing the significance of reunion to create a festive atmosphere.
Later, lanterns became a symbol of Chinese celebration.
Through the inheritance and development of the lighting artists of the past generations, a rich variety and superb level of craftsmanship have been formed.
From the variety: palace lamps, gauze lamps, chandeliers and so on.
From the shape of the points, there are characters, landscapes, flowers and birds, dragon and phoenix, fish and insects, etc., in addition to there are special horse lanterns for people to enjoy.
The Chinese lanterns are made of bamboo, wood, rattan, straw, animal horns, metal, silk and other materials produced in various regions.
Among the lanterns made in ancient China, the palace lanterns and gauze lanterns are the most famous.
17.
It is said that on the 29th day of the lunar month, “Go to the grave and ask your ancestors for a great offering. ”
The worship of ancestors has long existed in China.
Seeing death as life is not only an important symbol of filial piety, but also a virtue of honoring the old and respecting the old.
The Spring Festival is a big festival, and the ceremony of visiting the graves is especially solemn.
When we go to the grave to ask for our ancestors, most areas ask for their ancestors in the morning of the 29th.
According to the Book of the Four People of the Han Dynasty, "The new moon of the first month is for the first month, and the wife is kowtow, and the father is Jie."
In the Spring Festival, the ancestors of the Chinese people were worshiped and worshiped, and their sons and grandsons were given pepper wine to their parents to celebrate their birthdays and to celebrate their birthdays.
18. 18.
Chinese folk have the habit of keeping the year on New Year's Eve, commonly known as "boil the year".
The New Year's Eve dinner begins with the New Year's Eve meal, which must be eaten slowly, and some people have to eat until midnight from the time of the light.
Some people, whether adults or children, can not sleep all night.
According to the chronicle of Jing Chu, there was a custom of eating New Year's Eve dinner at least in the Northern and Southern Dynasties.
The custom of keeping the New Year is not only to cherish the years that have passed like water, but also to place good hopes on the coming New Year.
19. 19.
Old Beijingers, especially pay attention to the "New Year", so there will be: "children small children do not greedily, after the eighth year is the new year, the eight porridge, drink a few days, Miles Lala 23, sugar melon stick, 24, sweep the house, 25, fried tofu, 26, stewed mutton, 27, kill the rooster, 28, the face hair, 29, steamed steamed bread, 30, The night before, the night before, and the night after. ”
The Chinese folk songs listed the Laba porridge, fried tofu, stewed mutton, and so on, which are all delicacies of the old Beijing during the Spring Festival.
The annual reunion dinner fully shows the mutual respect and mutual love of family members of the Chinese nation, which makes the relationship between the family closer.
The reunion of the family often makes the "head of the family" in the spirit of comfort and satisfaction, the elderly see their children and grandchildren, the family together to talk about the family, the past care and raising their children in vain, this is how happy, and the younger generation can also take this opportunity to express gratitude to their parents for their support.
20. 20.
New Year's Eve refers to the evening of the last day of the lunar month, which is connected with the beginning and end of the first day of the first lunar month.
During this period, activities are centered around removing the old and welcoming the new, and eliminating disasters and praying for blessings.
During the Zhou and Qin dynasties, every year, the imperial palace will hold a ceremony of "jumping the bell Kui" and "Da Nuo", beating drums to drive out the ghosts of pestilence, known as "elimination", and later also called the day before the elimination of the night for small removal, that is, the night of the new year.
21.
New Year's money is given by the elders to the younger generation, and some families are eating New Year's Eve dinner, everyone is not allowed to go around the table, and when everyone has finished eating, the elders are sent to the younger generation, and encourage children and grandchildren to learn to grow up and be good people in the new year.
Some families are parents who wait for their children to sleep at night and put them under their pillows, and more children are gathered in the main hall, shouting happy new year for grandparents, parents and mothers, kneeling in line, and then reaching out for red envelopes.
The old man was still not busy enough, pretentious, from bargaining to siege and groping, and finally dug out the red envelopes of the old ancestors.
The old man was overjoyed at the scene, believing that it was a good sign for the New Year.
It is a folklore activity that integrates family ethics.
22.
22. Firecrackers and firecrackers are a traditional folk custom of the Han nationality, which has a history of more than 2,000 years and is said to be aimed at driving away a monster called the Year.
The sound of firecrackers rattled the sky over the whole land of China.
At this time of "three yuan", "the yuan of the year, the yuan of the month, and the yuan of the time," some places still put "prosperous fire" in the courtyard to show that the prosperity and prosperity of the sky.
At this time, there are bright lights in the house, brilliant sparks in front of the court, and the sound of the sky outside the house has pushed the lively atmosphere of New Year's Eve to the highest level.
This sound firecracker has entrusted the working people of the Han nationality with a beautiful desire to eliminate evil, avoid disasters and pray for blessings.
Chinese folk have "open the door firecrackers".
That is, at the beginning of the new year, the first thing that every household opens its doors is to set off firecrackers with the sound of beeping and honking firecrackers.
Firecrackers can create a festive and lively atmosphere, is a festival of entertainment activities, can bring people joy and auspiciousness.
23. 23.
During the Spring Festival, one of the important activities is to go to the homes of relatives, friends and neighbors to congratulate the Chinese New Year, formerly known as New Year.
According to the social relations between the two countries, there are four types of visits to each other: one is to visit relatives.
On the first day you must go to your father-in-law's house and bring a gift.
After entering the door, he first kowtow to the Buddha statue, ancestral images, and tablets, and then kneel to the elders in turn.
You can stay to eat and play.
The second is a courtesy visit.
If you are older than yourself, you should still take the initiative to kneel, and the master should walk down your seat to do a supporting gesture.
This kind of situation is generally not suitable for sitting for a long time, and the two kinds of polite words will have to leave.
When the Lord returns, He will return.
Thank you for the sexual visit.
Those who have been ungrateful to others for the past year (such as lawyers, doctors, etc.) must buy some gifts to send and take the opportunity of the New Year to express their gratitude.
Four of them are a series of visits.
For the neighbors of the neighborhood, there is not much to do in the past, but you can say that when we meet, we just go to the courtyard and meet each other with fists and say: "Congratulations on getting rich", "Yishun Baishun", and sit in the house for a while, without much etiquette.
24 24.
Southern people welcome the god of wealth in the first five months of the month.
According to folklore, the god of wealth is the god of the five ways.
The so-called five roads, refers to the east, southwest and north, meaning to go out five roads, all can get money.
The fifth day of the month is the day of the birth of God.
He said, "The road to this day is a journey to God in the midst of five sacrifices."
The so-called five roads, when it is east and south north of the middle ear. "Shanghai has the custom of snatching the road in the old calendar year.
On the fourth midnight of the first month of the month, prepare sacrifices, cakes, incense candles, and other things, and ring gongs and beat drums to burn incense and worship, and pay reverence to the god of wealth.
The fifth day of the popular legend is the birth of the god of wealth, for the city of profit, so it was preceded by the fourth day of the first, named "grab the road head", also known as "receive the god of wealth", "sacrifice the god of wealth".
The five worshippers are the goddess of the house, the god of the stove, the god of earth, the god of the gate, and the god of walking. The so-called "road head", that is, the god of the five worshippers.
It is believed that only by being able to receive the manifestation of the god of wealth can one become rich.
Therefore, every Chinese New Year, at 50: 00 on the first day of the first lunar month (after 24: 00 on the fourth day of the first lunar month), people open doors and windows, burn incense and set off firecrackers, light fireworks, and welcome the god of wealth.
After the god of wealth, we also have to eat roadside wine, often eat until dawn.
We all hope to be rich, and hope that the god of wealth can bring gold and silver treasures to the family and become rich in the new year.
25. 25.
People's Day is also known as "People's Day", "People's Day", "People's Day", "People's Day" and "People's Day".
According to legend, after creating animals such as chickens, dogs, pigs, cattle and horses, Nu Wa created people on the seventh day, so this day is the birthday of humans. In the Han Dynasty, people began to observe the festival, and Wei Jin began to pay attention to it.
Ancient people wear the custom of "people win", people win is a kind of headwear, from the Jin Dynasty began to cut the ribbon for flowers, cut the ribbon for people, or engraving gold foil for people to paste the screen, also wear on the hair.
In some areas in the south, people have the custom of "fishing for fish and raw" on the people's day, when fishing for fish and raw materials, often many people encircle a building, fish meat, ingredients and sauce are poured into a large plate, everyone stands up, wave chopsticks, fish, and mouth will continue to shout: "fishing ah!"
Raise, raise, raise, raise, raise, raise, raise, raise, raise, raise, raise, raise, raise, raise, raise, raise, raise
People will eat "spring cake rolls" and "box dishes" (cooked meat food) on this day, and spread pancakes in the courtyard, "smoked sky".
26.
The Lantern Festival, also known as the Upper Yuan Festival, the Lunar New Year's Eve or the Lantern Festival, is the first important festival after the Spring Festival.
The first month is the first month of the lunar calendar, the ancients called the night "supper", so the first full moon of the year on the fifteenth day of the Lantern Festival.
The Lantern Festival began more than 2,000 years ago in the Qin Dynasty. Emperor Wen ordered the 15th day of the first lunar month to be designated as the Lantern Festival.
When Sima Qian created the "beginning calendar", the Lantern Festival has been identified as a major festival.
Traditional customs go out to enjoy the moon, light the flame, like to guess the lantern riddle, eat the Lantern, pull the rabbit lamp and so on.
In addition, the Lantern Festival has also added traditional folk performances such as playing dragon lanterns, playing lions, walking on stilts, rowing drought-stricken boats, twisting Yangtze songs and playing Taiping drums.
27.
TRADITIONAL CHINESE NEW YEAR CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONAL CULTURE
28 28.
There are many famous dumplings for New Year's Eve dinner, different from the north and south, there are dumplings, wontons, long noodles, yuanxiao, etc., and each has its own attention.
People in the north used to eat dumplings for the New Year (the custom of eating dumplings was passed down from the Han Dynasty), which means to take the old and the new to replace the old.
And because the shape of white dumplings is like silver yuan treasure, a pot end on the table symbolizes the "New Year big wealth, yuan treasure rolled in" meaning.
Some people make dumplings, but also put a few coins after boiling water disinfection into it, saying that who eats first, can make more money.
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On the first day of the Chinese New Year, Shanghai people eat dumplings, rice cakes, rice cakes, rice cakes and cloud cake.
In addition, eating soybean sprouts (also known as "Ruyi dishes") symbolizes everything is good, and eating sprouts (made with broad beans) means getting rich.
Sichuan: On New Year's Eve, Sichuan people generally eat hot pot, and eat Tangyuan in the early morning, which means reunion.
30. 30.
Tang Yuan Lantern Festival eat Tang Yuan, a reunion. Tang Yuan is one of the representative snacks of China and has a long history.
It is said that Tang Yuan originated in the Song Dynasty.
At that time, there was a rise in various places to eat a novel food, that is, using various kinds of bait to make stuffing, and using glutinous rice flour to rub into a ball.
Because this kind of glutinous rice ball boiled in the pot and floated and sank, it was first called "floating yuan zi", and later some areas changed "floating yuan zi" to "yuan xiao."
31. 31.
"Laba porridge" is also called "seven treasure porridge" and "five taste porridge", not only fragrant and sweet, but also can smooth the stomach, saliva, so it is quite popular for people to eat.
With the development of the times, more and more colorful Laba porridge has developed into a snack with local flavor.
It is a traditional festival, but also a prelude to the New Year, which can be said to have opened the prelude to the Spring Festival.
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Sugar fruit In the traditional Chinese New Year, sugar fruit has many auspicious meanings, so it is one of the foods that can not be replaced.
During the New Year, friends eat some sweets and take the meaning of "sweet honey".
How can you eat without nuts? Melon seeds, walnuts, almonds, jujubes, pistachios, peanuts, pine nuts, pumpkin seeds, etc., to entertain friends and family, gathered together happily.
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Traditional Chinese New Year Markets and Traditional Culture
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Editor's Notes
• Heng Hao Meijia https: / / sppt.taobao.com /
• Heng Hao Meijia https: / / sppt.taobao.com /
• Heng Hao Meijia https: / / sppt.taobao.com /
• Heng Hao Meijia https: / / sppt.taobao.com /
• Template from https: / / www.ppthui.com [PPT]
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- **Cats as Family Members:**
Cats were treated with deep affection and were often considered part of the family.