China’s J-10 fighter jet has entered the international export market, with the most notable purchase being by Pakistan.

Pakistan officially confirmed its acquisition of the J-10C variant to strengthen its air force capabilities.

The induction of J-10C jets into the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) was partially motivated by the need to counterbalance India’s acquisition of Rafale jets from France.

Reports indicate that the J-10C delivery comprised at least 25 aircraft for the PAF.

Pakistani officials and pilots have generally praised the J-10C for its advanced avionics, radar systems, and multirole capabilities.

The J-10C’s integration with Chinese-made PL-15 and PL-10 air-to-air missiles has been cited as an advantage for PAF operations.

Public statements from PAF leadership highlight the J-10C’s suitability for modern air combat and its interoperability with other Chinese platforms in their inventory, such as the JF-17.

Media coverage emphasizes that the J-10C offers considerable value for money and presents a credible alternative to Western designs.

Chinese state media and commentators describe the J-10C as a symbol of China’s progress in indigenous military aviation, noting significant improvements in engine reliability and sensor fusion.

Military analysts underline that China has focused on continuous upgrades to the J-10 series, especially with enhanced WS-10 engines aiming for performance parity with Western fighters.

Aviation experts in both China and Pakistan have highlighted the J-10C’s fly-by-wire controls, integrated electronic countermeasures, and modern targeting systems.

Media from India and the West occasionally question the reliability and combat performance of Chinese jets, but acknowledge the J-10’s growing relevance in regional air power balances.

Aside from Pakistan, there have been periodic speculative reports about interest from other countries, but no confirmed J-10 export deals beyond Pakistan as of 2024.

Commentators note that the J-10’s competitive pricing, ease of integration with Chinese weaponry, and full technology transfer potentially appeal to nations unable to purchase Western aircraft.

Despite positive feedback, some defense analysts caution that Chinese fighter exports often face skepticism over real-world combat performance and after-sales support.

Overall, the J-10C’s entry into Pakistan’s fleet marks the jet’s only confirmed export success to date, with the PAF expressing confidence in its capabilities.

China has invested heavily in Russian engines, spending half a billion dollars to equip its fighter jets, including the J-10.

The PLA Air Force aims to achieve air superiority, focusing on both manned and unmanned aircraft in its force structure.

US military experts claim China is capable of launching complex missile, air, and cyber operations.

Both the Chinese and US leadership are closely monitoring the development and deployment of new combat aircraft models.

Open sources indicate that the Pentagon is reorganizing its air force against a backdrop of rising global security tensions and great power competition.

The PLA Air Force recently showcased its new military aircraft, including updated models of the J-10, as part of its modernization efforts.

Despite this, China originally relied on imported Russian engines for its J-10 fighters, citing delays in domestic engine development.

At present, there is limited confirmation of major overseas sales of the J-10 outside China, though it has been offered to various countries.

Iranian pilots have reportedly shown interest in Chinese fighter jets, and China has demonstrated the J-10 to several potential international buyers.

However, some buyers, such as Iran, have instead opted for Russian-made Su-35 fighters under contract.

Chinese military aircraft, including the J-10, are sometimes seen operating alongside their Russian counterparts, especially in joint or training missions.

While Chinese pilots are actively showcasing their aircraft, including the J-10, overseas uptake remains limited so far.

Observers have noted that prospective buyers such as India remain skeptical, particularly regarding Chinese radar systems and electronic warfare capabilities.

Discussion among Indian military sources notes a preference for better radar technology, a perceived limitation of the J-10 when compared to its Western or Russian counterparts.

Media commentators and military analysts in Asia Times and other outlets acknowledge China’s rapid air force build-up but observe the J-10 faces competition from both U.S. and Russian aircraft in the global export market.

Reports highlight that even as China expands exports of its military hardware, the J-10’s adoption by foreign air forces is still at an early stage, with no large-scale exports publicly confirmed.

The J-10, as part of China’s broader aerospace ambitions, continues to be evaluated by potential buyers, with mixed views on its radar, avionics, and operational performance.

As of now, the consensus is that while the J-10 demonstrates China’s progress in indigenous fighter development, its export market penetration is limited, and it faces challenges in matching the reputation and capabilities of established competitors.

The Chinese J-10 made its debut in November 2016 at the Zhuhai Air Show in Guangdong, China.

China’s Air Force operates an advanced fleet including the J-20, with over 50 in service by 2021, but the J-10 is a primary 4.5-generation workhorse.

With increasing international attention, China is offering the J-10 for export, positioned against options such as the American F-16, Russian jets, and the Eurofighter.

The J-10 features a length of 23 meters, a height of 5 meters, a maximum speed of 2,468 kilometers per hour, and a range of 5,926 kilometers according to Aero Corner.

Each J-10 costs between $100 million and $120 million per unit.

The J-10 features considerable firepower, boasting six under-wing and five under-fuselage hardpoints which can carry air-to-air missiles, laser-guided bombs, conventional bombs, and a 23mm internal cannon.

The J-10C is the latest, export-focused variant, equipped with electronic radar and infrared missile guidance.

Pakistan is currently the main customer for the J-10C, acquiring these jets as part of a broader strategy for modernizing its air force.

Pakistani officials have stated the acquisition provides cost-effective modern capabilities and sees the J-10 as an alternative to Western and Russian models.

Dealers and potential buyers have noted Chinese jets are attractive due to similar combat capabilities, lower maintenance needs, and faster delivery times compared to American aircraft.

There has been speculation about other countries such as Turkey considering the J-10 to replace older fleets, but no confirmed purchases outside Pakistan as of this time.

Commentators have noted that while Chinese pilots have demonstrated strong proficiency with the J-10, observers emphasize the importance of seeing sustained in-service results before determining their overall effectiveness.

Chinese military manufacturers and state media promote the J-10 and other indigenous fighter projects as evidence of a rapidly advancing defense industry, driven partly by rising regional tensions.

Western defense commentators remain cautious, highlighting gaps in Chinese engine technology and accusing China of leveraging espionage to close the technological gap with the West.

International media coverage often compares the J-10C to the US F-16, noting comparable performance in some aspects but expressing reservations about the true combat potential until further operational data is available.

The J-10 fighter jet, developed by China in the 1990s as part of its "Destroying Project Plan", first flew in 1998 and entered service in 2003 with chief designer Song Wenchong.

The J-10 has a range of 2,500 kilometers and a payload of 1.9 tons, with at least 11 derivative types making it the Chinese fighter with the largest number of variants.

Upgrades to the J-10 series include the integration of active phased array radar, giving it multi-target tracking and attack capabilities comparable to the AN/APG-63(V1) radar used on the F-15.

Analysts state the J-10C should be seen as China's most competitive fighter in the international market, potentially best compared to the US F-16.

China's ability to indigenously develop advanced engines, particularly the turbofan-10C with FADEC technology and a thrust of over 130 kN, is seen as a significant step in supporting the J-10 and its variants.

The J-10's development supplied China with an alternative to Western fighters, which it could not import due to technical and economic barriers.

The Pakistan Air Force is the first foreign customer of the J-10CE, the export version of the fighter, which has drawn widespread attention from foreign media.

Reports note that Pakistan’s acquisition of the J-10CE mirrors its need for advanced fighters, and coverage has highlighted its advanced cockpit, reminiscent of the US F-22, underlining the jet’s technological leap.

There has been significant interest and speculation in international defense circles regarding the operational performance of Pakistan's new J-10CE fighters.

Media commentary points out that the J-10, while not matching the very latest 5th generation fighters, offers a credible, cost-effective alternative for air forces unable to procure Western platforms.

Chinese sources emphasize that the output of the J-10 is set to increase year on year, cementing its role as a backbone of China's own air force and a key product for export.

Further export customers for the J-10 beyond Pakistan have yet to be confirmed as of 2023.

Contemporary evaluation places the J-10 series as an important step in China’s journey towards advanced self-reliant military aviation and a significant entry on the global fighter market.

China’s J-10 fighter jet has entered the international export market, with the most notable purchase being by Pakistan.

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India’s AMCA ‘Stealth Fighters’ Enter Production Stage, How Does It Jet Stack-Up Against China’s J-20 Mighty Dragon?

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India’s AMCA ‘Stealth Fighters’ Enter Production Stage, How Does It Jet Stack-Up Against China’s J-20 Mighty Dragon?

BySakshi Tiwari

March 21, 2022

The fifth-generation J-20 ‘Mighty Dragon’ is a prized possession of the Chinese PLA Air Force. With India’s prototype of AMCA going into production, will the Chinese stealth fighters have a potential challenger right across the border?

The Chengdu J-20 is a single-seat, multi-role stealth fighter that serves as a symbol of China’s growing air power as the plane has been featured prominently in military parades and air shows across the country.

Last year, the J-20 reportedly entered mass production after replacing the Russian AL-31F Turbofan engine with a domestically built WS-10. According to Chinese plans, the current WS-10C engine is further to be replaced by the latest and more advanced WS-15.

Chinese jets have traditionally been powered by Russian-made engines. China has long sought to develop its own engine and gain maximum flexibility, freeing itself from the constraints imposed by Russian engines. The successful integration of WS-15 on J-20s could be the next big breakthrough in self-sufficiency for China.

China’s next-generation turbofan engine, the WS-15, which is to dramatically boost the performance of the J-20 stealth fighter jet, has completed rigorous testing.

The WS-15 engine has undergone several tests, according to China Central Television (CCTV), after the WS-10, China’s first independently developed high performance, high thrust turbofan engine with afterburner, was installed on fighter jets such as the J-10, J-11, and J-20 since 2016.

The WS-15 has a low bypass ratio and is capable of thrust vector control, according to CCTV. It was developed for fifth-generation heavy and medium fighter jets. The J-20s were supposed to be integrated with the WS-15, but due to test failures, China decided to stick to the WS-10C.

The Chinese military now has a fleet of roughly 50 J-20s. New J-20s will be equipped with the WS-15 engine, said a report of South China Morning Post.

China has been relentlessly working to close the gap with the US Air Force and the upgrades that it is carrying out to the WS-10 engines are aimed at challenging the F-22 Raptors of the US.

This year, China will begin upgrading the J-20 engines by incorporating thrust vectoring technology to get it closer to the performance of the American F-22 Raptor, as previously reported by EurAsian Times.

File Image: J-20
The J-20 has also often been compared with another fifth-generation fighter Aircraft in the US arsenal, the F-35. China is reportedly on track to increase the production of its J-20 aircraft. This was perhaps in response to the American plan to field more than 2,000 F-35 stealth jets across its three armed services, besides Japan’s multibillion-dollar F-35 acquisition.

China had dispatched J-20s to air bases in Xinjiang following a bloody encounter with Indian forces at Galwan in eastern Ladakh in June 2020.

India’s AMCA Warplane

India’s Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) recently announced the proverbial “metal cutting” for the first prototype of the country’s next-generation fighter jet, the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft.

The maiden flight of the AMCA is scheduled for 2024-25, with serial production beginning in 2030, EurAsian Times had reported.

According to reports, the Indian Air Force has committed to 40 AMCA Mk-1 fighters, as well as at least 100 Mk-2 variants and some unmanned aircraft. Like the Chinese J-20, the stealthy AMCA is also going to have ‘super cruise’ capabilities.

With AMCA, India will enter the exclusive club of countries with fifth-generation stealth warplanes. So far, the US (F-35 and F-22 Raptors), Russia (Su-57), and China (J-20) have built such fighters.

An AMCA model displayed during Aero India 2021 (Wikimedia Commons)
Although it is unknown how the AMCA, which is yet to be manufactured, will exactly compete with the Chinese J-20,

According to Aeronautical Development Agency chief Girish Deodhare, the AMCA will be available in stealth and non-stealth variants and will be produced in two stages: an AMCA MK1 with an existing GE414 afterburning turbofan engine that powers the LCA Tejas, and an AMCA Mk2 with a new, more powerful engine that will be developed in collaboration with a foreign player.

India and France are now reportedly close to reaching an agreement for the joint development of a 125KN engine that will power AMCA. The deal is expected to be signed in the near future.

Some experts have speculated that the Indian Air Force would model its futuristic aircraft AMCA on the American F-35. If true, this could ensure greater interoperability between the Indian and US Air Forces and could come as a massive headache for the PLAAF.

AMCA will be a single-seat all-weather swing-role stealth fighter jet with twin turbofan engines. It will be capable of a wide range of operations, including air superiority, ground strikes, enemy air defense suppression, and electronic warfare. China is reportedly working on a two-seat variant of the J-20.

AMCA is designed for super-cruise capability and a reduced radar cross-section. Both these features that the AMCA strives to include are already present in the J-20 Mighty Dragon. Further, J-20 took its first flight a decade ago and was inducted in 2017 whereas the AMCA is yet to see the light of the day.

The 20-ton AMCA fighter would be able to carry one-and-a-half tons of armament in internal weapon bays in its stealth mode. The non-stealth variant would carry weapons, targeting and observation pods, as well as fuel tanks on external pylons under the wings and fuselage.

Further, like the indigenous LCA Tejas that wields Python missiles, Astra BVRAAM, Vympel R-77, and R-73 air-to-air missiles, the Kh-59ME TV guided stand-off missile and the Kh-59MK laser-guided stand-off missiles, the AMCA could be integrated with similar weapons. Just as India sought HAMMER missiles for LCA, advanced missiles could also be imported for the AMCA.

Indian media reported that the AMCA could be equipped with Directed Energy Weapons (DEWs) just as China’s J-20 is believed to get the DEWs, as previously revealed by a Global Times report.

The AMCA’s avionics suite will comprise modern radars and electronic warfare capabilities with “sixth-generation characteristics.” The plane will have a very low radar cross-section for better stealth, as well as AI-based technologies and an upgraded cockpit display with a touch screen interface.

All these specifications are expected to put the aircraft on par with the J-20. According to reports, the AMCA will also incorporate thrust-vectoring engines. The J-20 is on course to upgrade its WS-10 engines with thrust vectoring technology while the WS-15 already possesses this technology aimed at achieving better maneuverability.

Both the Chinese J-20 and Indian AMCA have air superiority as their primary objectives. While the Chinese Air Force developed its fifth-generation fighter years ago, the addition of a similar aircraft to IAF’s arsenal could create a balance of power between the two adversaries that are locked in a prolonged border standoff.

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Its a long long way from production stage. Some bits are being assembled but that does not mean its entered production.
It will be some years before it flies

baqai

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i don't understand how can they jump from one project to another without finishing the first one?

i mean LCA is still not finished, the aircraft has not been inducted in the Airforce, not seen any combat, not seen any real life flying yet it is up for sale.

Reminds me of our politicians ... project hu na hu inauguration karwa du apnay naam ki

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i don't understand how can they jump from one project to another without finishing the first one?

i mean LCA is still not finished, the aircraft has not been inducted in the Airforce, not seen any combat, not seen any real life flying yet it is up for sale.

Reminds me of our politicians ... project hu na hu inauguration karwa du apnay naam ki

Have you thought of the possibility that they have different teams for different projects?

Moreover, for the AMCA and the multi-role helicopter projects, the majority of the ownership is expected to be owned by a consortium of private sector companies with HAL being the minority stake holder. There is a huge difference in the working cultures of private and public sector companies in India.

Indos

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Its a long long way from production stage. Some bits are being assembled but that does not mean its entered production.
It will be some years before it flies

Yup, that is just a tiny part production, similar like KF21/IFX program there are some parts being produced in early 2019 despite detail design completion was in September 2019 ( for single seat variant), KF 21 roll out is in 2021 April.

So if we compare AMCA with KF21/IFX program, so AMCA prototype roll out will likely be in 2024 and test flight is in 2025 with assumption the development goes smoothly from now until the flight test.

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An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Pakistan officially confirmed its acquisition of the J-10C variant to strengthen its air force capabilities.

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PAF formally inducts Rafale rival China-made J-10C fighter jets

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KAMRA: The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) formally inducted a modern Chinese-made J-10C multi-role combat aircraft also known as “vigorous dragon” during a ceremony held at Kamra Airbase on Friday.

Prime Minister Imran Khan attended the induction ceremony of the single-engine fighter jet at the invitation of Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) Air Chief Marshal Zaheer Ahmad Babar, along with other federal ministers and the Chinese ambassador.

During the ceremony, The Prime Minister has witnessed a thrilling flypast of various aircraft formations, including the newly inducted J10C, F-16s, JF-17s, and Mirages, which displayed a sophisticated array of avionics and weaponry.

Read more: PAF’s acquisition of J10-C

Following the flypast, the Prime Minister witnessed the landing of five J-10C aircraft, which have been inducted into the 15 Squadron.

The J-10C is larger and can be outfitted with a bigger active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar than the JF-17 Block 3 uses.

The aircraft can carry fourth-generation air-to-air missiles such as the short-range PL-10 and the beyond-visual-range PL-15.

According to a foreign media report, China will deliver a total of 25 J-10C fighter jets to Pakistan, significantly increasing the country’s military capability to defend airspace.

Read more: J-10C induction ceremony: Pakistan knows how to protect its boundaries, says Imran

After being tested in Chengdu, the first batch of combat aircraft arrived in Pakistan a few days ago.

Images of a Pakistan Air Force (PAF) J-10C fighter jet with the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) markings recently surfaced on social media and were widely circulated by media outlets.

Chinese analysts have praised the latest defence cooperation between China and Pakistan, saying that the move is significant for both countries because it strengthens the Pakistani military’s combat capabilities, promotes China’s aviation equipment, and serves regional security interests.

“The J-10C will significantly improve the Pakistan Air Force’s combat capabilities,” Chinese analysts predicted.

“The J-10C is a 4.5-generation medium-sized fighter jet that is more powerful than the China-Pakistan jointly developed lightweight fighter jet, the JF-17, which is currently in service with the Pakistan Air Force,” Shi Hong, Executive Chief Editor of Shipborne Weapons, told the Global Times.

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Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

The induction of J-10C jets into the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) was partially motivated by the need to counterbalance India’s acquisition of Rafale jets from France.

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Content: Mock Attack On U.S. Navy Vessels Underway During Chinese Fighter’s ‘Unsafe Intercept’

The Chinese Navy staged a simulated attack on U.S. Navy warships in the South China Sea earlier this month.

byThomas Newdick| PUBLISHED Dec 30, 2022 12:31 PM
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The Chinese Navy simulated an attack on a U.S. Navy task group in the South China Sea on December 21, the same day that a Chinese J-11 fighter jet intercepted a U.S. Air Force RC-135 surveillance aircraft, in what the Pentagon termed an “unsafe maneuver.” While a video of the intercept was released yesterday, which you can read more about here, further details are now becoming available pointing to a large-scale Chinese exercise in the South China Sea, involving the aircraft carrier Shandong, as well as other undisclosed bomber and fighter aircraft.

“As part of that exercise, a strike group led by the Shandong simulated attacks on a U.S. Navy formation,” an official from an unnamed Asian country disclosed to the Financial Times. It was while this was happening that the armed People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) J-11BSH Flanker fighter jet intercepted the RC-135. That incident occurred within international airspace.

It’s now clear that there was significant air and naval activity in the South China Sea at the time, which also included refueling sorties above the Bashi Channel, the highly strategic straits which run from the southern end of Taiwan to the northern tip of the island of Luzon in the Philippines.

Intense Chinese military activity in the South China Sea is hardly unusual, although it’s interesting to note that, in this case, the exercise scenario apparently targeted U.S. Navy vessels specifically.

At the same, time, U.S. surveillance and maritime patrol aircraft are also regular visitors to the South China Sea, and the Bashi Channel in particular.

Indeed, it’s highly conceivable that the RC-135 that was intercepted was monitoring the same Chinese military drill as it unfolded in the air and in the waters of the South China Sea. In the past, the SCS Probing Initiative, hosted by the Peking University in Beijing, has claimed that “The U.S. military conducts three to five sorties to the South China Sea every day.”

On December 21, according to the SCS Probing Initiative, the U.S. military sent three P-8A maritime patrol aircraft, one RC-135V surveillance aircraft, and one E-3G airborne early warning and control aircraft from Clark Air Base and Kadena Air Base to operate over the South China Sea and south of the Taiwan Strait. The RC-135V in question could very well have been the one intercepted by the J-11.

Meanwhile, the PLAN’s most recently inducted aircraft carrier, Shandong, has also conducted previous exercises in the region, as have U.S. Navy carrier strike groups.

In fact, the intensity of U.S. carrier operations in the South China Sea has picked up in recent years. In July 2020, for example, two Nimitz class aircraft carriers, the USS Nimitz and USS Ronald Reagan took part in the first dual-carrier exercise held there in six years.

Notably, as of December 21, the PLAN also had another carrier task group conducting large-scale exercises, this time with Liaoning operating in the Philippine Sea. The ability of the PLAN to carry out simultaneous large-scale carrier operations in two different locations is a significant one, as carriers and out-of-area operations become more central to its concept of operations.

Overall, the events of December 21 reflect the patterns of activity that are increasingly commonplace for both China and the United States in the region.

Beijing claims the bulk of the South China Sea as its sovereign territory, contributing to this being the region’s most hotly contested body of water. Such claims are bolstered by China’s construction of controversial man-made islands in the region. These outposts have become increasingly militarized, part of China’s strategy for enforcing its expansive territorial claims despite significant international opposition. The same strategy also involves paramilitary vessels that are used to impede other nations’ access to fishing areas and energy resources.

In addition, the Bashi Channel serves as an important passageway from the South China Sea in the broader Pacific to the east, especially for Chinese submarines. These include the ballistic missile submarines at the sprawling Yulin Naval Base on Hainan Island, at the northern end of the South China Sea, which constitute an increasingly important part of Beijing’s strategic nuclear forces.

For the U.S. military, meanwhile, there is a clear requirement to monitor Chinese activities in the region, including exercises, but also gathering any kind of intelligence that could shed light on the capabilities of PLAN aircraft and ships, as well as tactics, techniques, and procedures. Of course, a close intercept by a J-11 on a U.S. strategic reconnaissance asset can also reveal critical intelligence details.

While the precise location of the RC-135 intercept, and of the simulated attacks on the U.S. Navy by the Shandong strike group, remain unclear, the issue of Taiwan also plays into the geopolitical backdrop of these and similar incidents.

The Chinese leadership has taken an increasingly aggressive stance toward Taiwan in recent years, while officials in the United States are now more openly expressing concerns that Beijing may seek to take control of the island sooner rather than later. The PLAN’s ability to frustrate any U.S. Navy operations that might be undertaken in support of Taiwan is clearly fundamental to success

As to the RC-135’s encounter with the J-11, a U.S. military spokesperson has confirmed to Reuters that the Chinese jet actually came within 10 feet of the surveillance plane’s wing, but 20 feet from its nose. It was the position of the Chinese jet off the nose of the RC-135 which reportedly caused the U.S. aircraft to take evasive maneuvers to avoid a collision.

The video that has been presented doesn’t appear to show the J-11 in extremely close proximity to the RC-135, or undertaking overtly hazardous maneuvers, something that former RC-135 pilot and contributor to The War Zone, Robert S Hopkins III, has observed:

Still, the Chinese Flanker is shown coming close to the RC-135 in a manner in which keeping visual separation may have been impeded for the pilot flying the fighter and we don't know what else happened that was not shown in the video. But by the DoD's account, some evasive maneuvering occurred, which we do not see.

Regardless, the Pentagon clearly considers that the action by the J-11 fits within a wider pattern of “dangerous behavior” by Chinese military aircraft, especially over the highly contested South China Sea.

Repeated incidents have been described variously as risky or unprofessional, although it’s also apparent that these encompass a range of different actions by the Chinese aircraft, some of which are clearly more dangerous than others.

In July, Gen. Mark Milley, chairman of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, said that China had become more aggressive in its intercepts of U.S. and allied military aircraft. U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin has also raised his concerns about this issue in a recent meeting with Chinese Minister of Defense Wei Fenghe.

Some actions by Chinese aircraft in recent months have been more overtly threatening. A case in point is the incident in May this year, when an Australian P-8A was damaged by countermeasures launched by a Chinese J-16 Flanker fighter jet over the South China Sea, according to the Australian Department of Defense.

In an incident that you can read more about here, the J-16 is said to have cut across and in front of the Australian patrol plane before releasing chaff, which is normally used to blind and confuse radars, but which would cause serious damage if ingested into an engine.

In response to the P-8 incident, the Chinese Ministry of Defense stated that the “countermeasures taken by the Chinese military are professional, safe, reasonable, and legitimate.”

Beijing frames military activities by the United States and its allies as a threat to peace in the region, issuing sharp rebukes to U.S. Navy warships conducting so-called Freedom of Navigation Patrols, or FONOPs. Meanwhile, its claims over most of the South China Sea and Taiwan remain steadfast.

So far, the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command has not provided any more details about the December 21 incident, or the scope of the Chinese exercise, but the issue of the RC-135 intercept has been raised with the Chinese government. The Ministry of Defense in Beijing and the Chinese Embassy in the United States are yet to comment.

With no obvious signs that the overall geopolitical situation in the region is set to change any time soon, it seems more likely than not that we will see more incidents involving the PLAN and the U.S. military — and its allies — in this strategic area.

Large-scale exercises like those undertaken by China in the South China Sea on December 21, and the RC-135 intercept that took place concurrently, also highlight the dangers of inadvertent conflict — if only through a misunderstanding — that are always present in these kinds of high-stakes encounters.

Contact the author: thomas@thedrive.com

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Reports indicate that the J-10C delivery comprised at least 25 aircraft for the PAF.

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Pakistani officials and pilots have generally praised the J-10C for its advanced avionics, radar systems, and multirole capabilities.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

The J-10C’s integration with Chinese-made PL-15 and PL-10 air-to-air missiles has been cited as an advantage for PAF operations.

What may some improvements made in China's J-10 Fighter help Pakistan Airforce?

Enable Pakistan Air Force to carry more missiles to perform combat missions

What missiles can China's J-10 FIghters carry?

What specific models of missiles can China's J-10 FIghters carry?

Public statements from PAF leadership highlight the J-10C’s suitability for modern air combat and its interoperability with other Chinese platforms in their inventory, such as the JF-17.

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Black Smoke Arises From China’s J-20 Stealth Fighter; Is Mighty Dragon Already Breaking Down?

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Black Smoke Arises From China’s J-20 Stealth Fighter; Is Mighty Dragon Already Breaking Down?https://eurasiantimes.com/category/expert-reviews/

Videos and photos of a Chinese J-20 stealth fighter jet releasing black smoke circulated the internet and caused debate among defense enthusiasts and military observers.

Some watchers claimed that the jet is overhyped and issues with poor Chinese manufacturing have begun to show.

The Generation 5 stealth fighter has been displayed to the public for the first time in this year’s ongoing Zhuhai Air Show, where the fighter landed, taxied, and parked before the public for a closer view.

Usually, the fighter only conducted flypasts and aerobatics. Now opening the ‘Mighty dragon’ for the audience indicates China’s and the People’s Liberation Army Air Force’s (PLAAF) confidence in the aircraft.

The rare public display also led to some close-up photographs being clicked, showing its brake parachute, part of the cockpit, and the enclosed air-to-air refueling probe.

The fine workmanship and finishing of the plane’s body were also visible, baring the highly sophisticated metallurgical, forging, and precision cutting processes.

J-20 Breaking Down?

The video showed a puff of black smoke being released from a small exhaust in the bottom spine of the plane, just before the tails (vertical stabilizer) section.

Onlookers claimed it was an issue with the plane’s engines, which China has still not succeeded in fully mastering. However, putting doubts ti rest, experts said it was the Auxiliary Power Unit (APU), which also operates the same way on the American F-22 Raptor.

The APU is usually a miniature jet whose primary role is to drive the main engine to complete the start-up operation.

It also provides part of the power and high-pressure air or fluid when the main engine is turned off to save fuel and reduce its wear and tear. This cumulatively has a significant positive impact on the main engine’s life and maintainability.

“That’s a most common feature when the APU starts,” noted Chinese military aviation expert Andreas Rupprecht while speaking to EurAsian Times. Former IAF Jaguar pilot Squadron Leader Vijainder K. Thakur confirmed it was the APU.

The following video shows the F-22’s APU throwing out thick, dark greyish, and black smoke. The F-22’s APU is located just under the leading edge of the left wing, above the side internal weapons bay compartment.

nother comment from a Chinese national on a popular defense page, who was present at the air show, said that the same J-20 was merely stopping over at Zhuhai and was seen perfectly taking off later. There were no issues with the engine.

J-20 To Be Upgraded Further

While the era for the J-20 is just beginning, unlike the F-22 and the F-35, which are beset with a host of production, technical and budget constraints.

Global Times quoted the J-20’s chief designer Yang Wei, who said that future upgrades would involve Artificial Intelligence (AI) and “cognitive technologies” to make it perform optimally in a “combat system.”

Current air warfare philosophy considers systems as teams and combinations of aircraft and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), which would coordinate to carry out joint tasks.

Speaking at a press conference by the Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC), Wei said, “Four J-20s can form a formation, which is a small system; a J-20 can team up with a J-16 and a J-10C in another small system. Recent news reports also suggested that the J-20 can fly together with drones, which is also a system.”

The report quoted Yang saying that the development strategy of the PLAAF used to be homeland defense, but now it has become air-space integration with both attack and defense capabilities.

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Media coverage emphasizes that the J-10C offers considerable value for money and presents a credible alternative to Western designs.

What has China said about its J-10C Fighter?

It is the most competitive fighter jet in the international arms market in recent years.

Chinese state media and commentators describe the J-10C as a symbol of China’s progress in indigenous military aviation, noting significant improvements in engine reliability and sensor fusion.

What problems have J-10 Fighters that China exports had?

Military analysts underline that China has focused on continuous upgrades to the J-10 series, especially with enhanced WS-10 engines aiming for performance parity with Western fighters.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

Aviation experts in both China and Pakistan have highlighted the J-10C’s fly-by-wire controls, integrated electronic countermeasures, and modern targeting systems.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Media from India and the West occasionally question the reliability and combat performance of Chinese jets, but acknowledge the J-10’s growing relevance in regional air power balances.

What problems have J-10 Fighters that China exports had?

Aside from Pakistan, there have been periodic speculative reports about interest from other countries, but no confirmed J-10 export deals beyond Pakistan as of 2024.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Commentators note that the J-10’s competitive pricing, ease of integration with Chinese weaponry, and full technology transfer potentially appeal to nations unable to purchase Western aircraft.

Despite positive feedback, some defense analysts caution that Chinese fighter exports often face skepticism over real-world combat performance and after-sales support.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Overall, the J-10C’s entry into Pakistan’s fleet marks the jet’s only confirmed export success to date, with the PAF expressing confidence in its capabilities.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

China has invested heavily in Russian engines, spending half a billion dollars to equip its fighter jets, including the J-10.

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Pakistan Air Force J-10 fighter receives Su-35 equipment
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Pakistan's J-10 fighter.
Image source: www.pakdefense.com
Pakistani J-10 Chinese fighter received the equipment of the Russian Su-35 aircraft.
This was reported on Twitter by user @ Roberto05246129.
We are talking about the aviation station warning about irradiation (SPO) L-150 "Pastel", which allows you to notice the fact of irradiation of the aircraft by the radar of the enemy.
In the image shown by the user, this SPO on an aircraft belonging to the Air Force (Air Force) of Pakistan is marked with an arrow.
In November, The Drive reported that China had replaced Russian AL-31F engines with J-15 fighters.
In May 2021, Defense News noted that the fourth-generation J-10C multirole fighters, equipped with local WS-10B engines instead of the Russian AL-31F series, began to enter service with the Chinese People ’ s Liberation Army Air Force.
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The PLA Air Force aims to achieve air superiority, focusing on both manned and unmanned aircraft in its force structure.

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Meeting point - skies over Taiwan
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The most numerous among the PLA Air Force fighters is the light single-engine J-10.
Photo by Vladimir Karnozov.
Is China ’ s military aircraft capable of countering the US Air Force?
In the new conditions of the international situation, domination of airspace is becoming more and more relevant.
The political and military leadership of the leading scientific-technical countries pays close attention to the development of national air forces, which in many countries are the most advanced component of the armed forces.
At the same time, the most significant results in the development of the air force (both qualitatively and quantitatively) have been achieved in recent decades by two countries - the United States and China.
In the military conflicts of the XXI century, the aircraft of the US Air Force and the PRC did not take part in air battles against each other.
This fact makes it problematic to compare the real combat capabilities of the aircraft (LA) of the two countries.
Most of the comparative assessments of experts regarding the American and Chinese military aviation are subjective and are based mainly on the study of the declared tactical and technical characteristics.
At the same time, the tasks, goals, development plans of the air forces of the two countries remain outside the estimates, as well as possible military conflicts in which the aircraft of the two countries can meet in battle.
MILITARY WINGS OF AMERICA
An analysis of the composition of the US Air Force fleet, according to the annual bulletin reviewing the military capabilities of the world's states, The Military Balance 2023, shows that at the beginning of this year, the US Air Force had 328,600 active personnel.
In addition, 117,497 were in reserve, and 106,700 were in the US National Guard Air Force.
In service there were 4093 manned aircraft (as well as 1289 in the Air National Guard and 396 in reserve), 156 unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), 2130 air-launched cruise missiles (ALCMs), 450 intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs).
A study of the official website of the US Department of Defense shows that the unpredictable military-political situation forces the US leadership to continuously improve the national air force.
In particular, the US Air Force has the largest fleet of strategic bomber aircraft in the world.
According to The Military Balance for 2023, the US Air Force is armed with B-52H, B-2A and B-1B bombers.
At the same time, according to experts, B-1B aircraft are reoriented to perform non-nuclear tasks.
The fleet of strategic American bombers allows you to operate beyond the reach of enemy air defense assets.
Today, only B-2A bombers have sufficient range and are able to penetrate with impunity into areas protected by modern air defense and missile defense systems.
But the fleet of such aircraft is not enough to defeat all targets in the Asia-Pacific theater of operations, which the US military and political leadership considers a priority in the 21st century.
At the same time, not all indicators of this component of the US Armed Forces speak of unambiguous American superiority in the air.
So, for 2024, it is planned to write off at least 310 aircraft (150 were on the list for 2023), but the US Congress does not fully approve these plans.
In particular, the Americans want to get rid of 42 A-10 Thunderbolt II attack aircraft, whose survivability on the modern battlefield is questionable.
It is also expected to decommission 260 fighters by 2028.
This list includes 57 F-15C / D Eagle aircraft under the age of 40 years.
They are planned to be partially replaced by the F-35A and F-15EX after complete decommissioning by 2026.
Maybe even the F-15E.
Their reduction is expected in 2025.
Some F-22As will also be decommissioned, namely 32 Block 20 units decommissioned and used exclusively for training purposes.
Further reductions will affect the aircraft long-range radar detection (AWACS) E-3G, of which at the moment 13 decommissioned.
It is planned to get rid of the last 24 KC-10 Extender tankers.
Also considered superfluous are the last three combat control and targeting aircraft E-8 Joint STARS, 48 modular reconnaissance and strike drones MQ-9 Reaper Block 1, three “aircraft of psychological warfare ” EC-130J Commando Solo and three almost museum light bombers A-29.
In terms of helicopters, the US Air Force intends to abandon 37 HH-60G Pave Hawk aircraft, which will be gradually replaced by the HH-60W Jolly Green II.
52 T-1 Jayhawk (Beechjet business jets) are also to be reduced.
Finally, the decision was made not to repair one B-1B after the engine fire, leaving 44 such bombers in the fleet operating.
NOAC AIR ARMADS
According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), in terms of the quantitative composition for 2023, the PLA aircraft fleet is in third place in the world.
As for the qualitative composition, the percentage of aircraft of previous generations and foreign production is still quite high.
The PLA bomber aircraft is 100% equipped with more than once modernized, but obsolete aircraft "Hun-6".
In tactical aviation, up to 70% falls on aircraft such as “Jian-7 ”,“ Jian-8 ”, “Jianghong 7 ” and“ Qiang-5 ” (they are gradually withdrawn from the Air Force).
At the same time, China is experiencing a shortage of heavy transport aircraft, patrol aircraft and tanker aircraft.
Since the beginning of the 2000s, a systematic qualitative improvement of the PLA air fleet has been carried out.
It became possible not only due to the purchase of foreign aircraft and the deployment of licensed production at national enterprises, but also the creation of their own models of aircraft on their basis (and in many cases copying).
Chinese engineers are trying to get the most advanced technologies from the leading (especially in terms of engine building and the development of on-board equipment) states in order to master them and create the latest competitive samples of national aircraft.
The re-equipment of the aircraft fleet is also linked to the implementation of the reform of the Chinese Armed Forces, which is divided into three stages: 2000-2020, 2021-2035 and 2036-2049.
At the first stage, the number of personnel and obsolete equipment was reduced, work on the modernization of existing and the development of new models of weapons and military equipment was intensified.
The tasks of the second and third stages are to reach the level of the leading countries of the world.
According to the British publication Jane ’ s Information Group, the military-political leadership of China not only retains the combat capabilities of old aircraft, but also initiates the development of new models – for example, strategic bombers.
Modification of the bomber "Hun-6" has the designation "Hun-6K" and significant differences from the previous versions.
In the bow (in front of the cockpit), a long-range detection and fire control radar is installed.
"Hun-6K" uses Russian turbofan engines D-30KP-2 with a capacity of 12 thousand kgf / cm2, which have changed the shape and size of the air intakes.
The study of SIPRI databases allows us to state that currently the designers of the Xi'an Aircraft Manufacturing Enterprise are developing the first strategic supersonic stealth bomber under the designation "Hong-20" (the number 20 indicates a maximum speed of 2.0 MAX).
COMPARISON OF POTENTIALS
According to the SIPRI Institute, today the US Air Force is much more powerful than the Chinese Air Force already due to the tactical and technical characteristics of the aircraft used.
The British resource FlightGlobal published a report according to which the United States retains the advantage, having more than 13 thousand military aircraft, 5,163 of which are operated by the US Air Force.
American fighters F-35 Lightning and F-22 Raptor are considered one of the most advanced combat in the world.
China ’ s air force is the third largest in the world with more than 2,500 aircraft, of which about 2,000 are combat aircraft (according to China ’ s 2022 Military Power Report).
Thus, the obvious strategic air superiority is on the US side.
Although China is rapidly increasing its power and stubbornly creates promising models of weapons.
The Pentagon and the American aviation industry so far demonstrate a clear superiority in terms of aircraft of the latest generations.
According to open sources, the United States in 2017 produced 50 multi-role aircraft of the 5th generation F-35 and 26 aircraft of the 4th generation F-18.
In 2018, 70 F-35s and about 14 F-18s were built in the United States.
On average, the United States produces between 75 and 85 jet fighters per year.
In addition, in these years, other military aircraft for various purposes were produced in the United States.
Among them are 15 KC-46A tankers, five E-2D Advanced Hawkeye AWACS aircraft, 24 P8A reconnaissance and jammer aircraft, 28 C-130J transport aircraft.
In total, the United States produces about 130 manned aircraft annually, not counting helicopters.
Analysts give cautious estimates of the quantitative indicators of the Chinese aviation program, explaining its traditional Chinese closeness.
According to their estimates, China built approximately 100 aircraft in 2017, including two-thirds of combat aircraft.
China plans to establish the production of the fifth-generation J-31 aircraft and the J-20 stealth fighter.
China ’ s military budget is expected to double by 2030.
It is growing at a rate of about 5-10% per year.
Therefore, China can catch up with the United States in terms of production of fifth-generation aircraft by 2025.
But so far, the United States is ahead of both Russia and China in terms of the construction of fifth-generation aircraft.
Today, China has about 700 fourth-generation combat aircraft and up to 25 fifth-generation fighters.
By 2025, China will be able to increase the number of 4th generation aircraft to 1,100 and have from 60 to 120 5th generation aircraft.
By 2030, China may already have 1,200 – 1,600 generation “4 ” aircraft and 200 – 500 generation“ 5 ” aircraft.
The U.S. Air Force has about 450 5th generation aircraft (F-22 and F-35) and approximately 1,500 Generation 4 and 4 + aircraft (F-16 and F15s).
Plus, the US Navy has about 800 F-18s, and the Marine Corps has 260 F-18s.
It is estimated that the US will have approximately 1,000 5th generation aircraft in 2025 and up to 1,500 in 2030.
IF THE WAR IS TOMORROW
In the annual report of the US Department of Defense to Congress for 2023, “Military and security events with the participation of China, ” it is noted that the most possible scenario of a collision between the US Air Force and the PLA Air Force in real combat may be tension in the Taiwan Strait.
As part of its offensive operations, the Chinese Air Force can launch missile and air strikes against American targets and those of its allies in the region.
It is noted that the joint offensive operation of the PLA will include missile and air strikes, cyber attacks and a blockade of the island.
The objectives of the operation will be to limit Taiwan's defensive capabilities, as well as to suppress the morale of the island's population and break its ties with the outside world.
The latest report by the US International Center for Strategic Studies (CSIS), “China Strategy and Armed Forces in 2023, ” noted that the main goal of the Chinese is to destroy the island ’ s air defense system, missile bases, military airfields and aircraft located on the runways and hangars of Taiwan.
The main goal of the PLA at this stage is to gain air superiority.
US military experts claim that China is capable of launching missile and air strikes, as well as conducting an offensive operation in cyberspace.
Another possible option is to launch missile strikes against command posts and critical infrastructure, followed by a rapid airborne and naval landing operation, as well as the seizure of Taiwanese military facilities by Chinese special forces.
In this case, the PLA will have difficulty attacking without warning.
WHERE THE UNITED STATES WILL RESPOND
The analysis of open sources shows that against the background of escalating confrontation between the great powers and general turbulence in the field of security, the Pentagon continues to reorganize the national air force.
First of all, we are talking about the confrontation between the United States and China in the Asia-Pacific region.
The changes will affect the organization, equipment and training of the US Air Force.
The top leadership of the United States approved the formation of three new air force tactical groups, which represent the implementation of the experiment for the deployment of integrated units.
Two of these groups will be under the control of the Central Command of the US Armed Forces, whose area of   operational responsibility primarily includes the Middle East.
The third group will be subordinated to the Indo-Pacific Command.
In the foreseeable future, these are precisely the locations where the US Air Force and the PLA Air Force will compete for air supremacy.
CONCLUSIONS AND SYNTHESIS
As a result of comparing the US Air Force and the PLA Air Force, it is possible to draw the following conclusions and generalizations:
1.
The political and military leadership of both the United States and China pays close attention to the development of new models of combat aircraft.
It is believed that the presence of modern aircraft in the national air forces of both countries will allow to hit enemy targets outside the range of air and missile defense systems.
2.
The presence of US and PRC aircraft bomber aircraft allows in peacetime to perform the task of nuclear strategic deterrence.
Given the possible unacceptable damage, a potential enemy (represented by the United States and China) will be forced to refuse to participate in hostilities in advance.
3.
The conflict in Ukraine is the first case in history where the situational awareness of even junior commanders is absolute.
The main part of the samples of aircraft, consisting of the military aviation fleet, is produced in China at the national enterprises of the defense industry.
Despite the fact that a significant part of the fleet consists of aircraft with a development period of more than 30 years, some of these samples have not exhausted the opportunities for modernization.
4.
Regular work on the modernization of aircraft and helicopters allows China to significantly improve the flight performance and operational characteristics of the existing fleet.
In particular, this applies to auxiliary aircraft: military transport and special vehicles on their base, multi-purpose helicopters.
As for combat aircraft, at present, the Chinese aircraft industry provides their annual production in the amount that allows for the planned re-equipment of aviation parts with new types of aircraft, as well as their repair and modernization.
Vasily Ivanov
Vasily Ivanovich Ivanov is a journalist.
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US military experts claim China is capable of launching complex missile, air, and cyber operations.

Both the Chinese and US leadership are closely monitoring the development and deployment of new combat aircraft models.

Open sources indicate that the Pentagon is reorganizing its air force against a backdrop of rising global security tensions and great power competition.

The PLA Air Force recently showcased its new military aircraft, including updated models of the J-10, as part of its modernization efforts.

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Content: The Air Force of the People ’ s Liberation Army of China (PLA) will present a line of new military aircraft, including unmanned ones.
This is reported by “Rossiyskaya Gazeta ” with reference to the statement of the official representative of the troops Shen Jinke, reports Day.Az.
According to the publication, the presentation will be held within the framework of the 14th China International Aviation and Space Exhibition, which will be held from 8 to 13 November in the city of Zhuhai in southern China.
For the first time, the YU-20 refueling aircraft (a Ukrainian aircraft with Russian engines), the J-16 multirole fighter (a Chinese analogue of the Su-35) and the GJ-2 heavy reconnaissance and strike drone (an analogue of the American MQ-1 Predator and MQ-9 Reaper) will be shown.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

Despite this, China originally relied on imported Russian engines for its J-10 fighters, citing delays in domestic engine development.

At present, there is limited confirmation of major overseas sales of the J-10 outside China, though it has been offered to various countries.

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China ’ s sixth-generation fighter jet: is a tailless derivative of the J-20 possible?
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China ’ s sixth-generation fighter jet: is a tailless derivative of the J-20 possible?
Image source: invoen.ru
On January 31, 2023, the Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC) published a video recording of the concept of a tailless fighter.
According to Chinese sources, it is connected with the country ’ s efforts to develop a sixth-generation fighter.
China and the United States are currently competing for the world ’ s first and most powerful sixth-generation fighter jets.
Senior U.S. Air Force officials have repeatedly warned that China may be the first to adopt such an aircraft.
China's fifth-generation J-20 fighter jet
These two countries are the only ones using fifth-generation fighter jets of national production at the squadron level.
At the same time, China produces a heavy twin-engine J-20 and is developing a medium FC-31, and the US – a much lighter single-engine F-35.
The tailless gliders are expected to become a key hallmark of sixth-generation fighters, and the images shown by the ACIV are markedly reminiscent of the J-20, but with a diamond-shaped triangular wing and no tail.
Image published by ACIV
The presented images increase the likelihood that the J-20 will become the basis for the development of the sixth-generation fighter.
It is believed that other sixth-generation features, primarily drone control and directed-energy weapon capabilities, are currently being developed for the J-20 and can be integrated into both gliders in the current configuration, as well as into the more imperceptible tailless derivatives of the deltoid wing if they appear.
As its own analogue of the J-20, the adaptation of the fifth-generation fighter to the tail glider to improve stealth performance was also considered in the United States.
This led to the X-44 Manta program.
In the American version of the design, a thrust vector control system was used to compensate for the lack of tail and rudder surfaces and to ensure control of yaw, pitch and roll (but it never approached the prototype stage).
X-44 Manta.
Sketch
Research under the Manta program began in the mid-1990s, but was discontinued in 2000, more than half a decade before the base F-22 entered service.
Model F-22 and did not advance to any options, except for the basic single-seat fighter F-22A.
Production of the latter was stopped ahead of schedule due to a wide range of problems with the aircraft.
The first F-22s are scheduled to be decommissioned later in 2023, after completing only a small portion of their service life.
It is assumed that the J-20 model, similar to the X-44, although with avionics and sensors of the sixth generation, can serve as an intermediate stage until a clean design of the sixth generation fighter is developed, or provide a cheaper alternative to such a fighter.
With the sixth-generation American fighter estimated at several hundred million dollars for a glider and more than a billion dollars for the lifetime of each aircraft, a derivative of the sixth-generation model from the J-20 will provide a much more economical means of achieving higher-level stealth capabilities.
In addition, it is likely that the production of the new aircraft at the facilities of the current base J-20 will be much easier and may receive significant similarities in service.
In general, foreign experts agree that although the development of a promising fighter, no doubt, is a priority for the defense sectors of China and the United States, neither the nature of the images AVIC, nor assumptions about the connection of its design with the J-20 does not add clarity about the design of the Chinese sixth-generation fighter.
Source: militarywatchmagazine.com
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What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Iranian pilots have reportedly shown interest in Chinese fighter jets, and China has demonstrated the J-10 to several potential international buyers.

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Content: Meetings without obligation: Su-35C and F-16
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The situation, of course, honestly admit, is very far from combat, but this is already determined by those who meet in the sky near Taiwan.
That is, the pilots of the Air Force of the Republic of China and the PLA Air Force.
And they, we note, are spinning out in full, because this is also part of the war, albeit bloodless, which has been going on for several years.
Therefore, the F-16, which is Fighting Falcon, that is, the “Battle Falcon ” and the Su-35SE, which is simply an export Su-35S, are very common in the sky.
Perhaps even more than some politicians would like.
And it is quite logical that for each such meeting, which increasingly resemble a duel, a huge number of eyes are watching.
And not only Chinese (in Taiwan, I recall, live completely the same Chinese as on the mainland), because it is really interesting, since the F-16 is about to collide somewhere in the sky of Ukraine with almost the same Su-35.
The key word, of course, is “almost. ”
The export model will be different from the one that is made “for yourself ”.
In general, "Falcon" often meets with "Drying" in the air.
The reasons and places are different, but the essence is the same.
Demonstration of the capabilities and strength of nerves, but even this happens in different ways.
But it is not for nothing that the media there, overseas, slip cautious such forecasts in the performance of various generals (mostly retired, not bound by obligations with the Pentagon) that the F-16 will not be able, being transferred to Kiev, to radically change the situation.
And they do this based on the results of these “meetings ”.
We just do not know, but our pilots more than often contact in the air with foreign colleagues.
Over the waters of the Baltic, over the Pacific Ocean, over the Mediterranean Sea.
So far, except for a single seemingly random launch on a British aircraft, nothing has been recorded, but here the question is not to drop, say, "Poseidon" in the waves.
Although in the waves of the Black Sea would be very revealing.
In the US Air Force, in general, all this air show is called “secret air war ”.
In fact, there are not only our raging, Chinese pilots are very willing to take part in all the “flights ”, and recently there are more and more reports that Iranian pilots also do not mind showing their teeth and missiles.
And if you consider that in Iran already go under the contract Su-35...
Here on the stage of the Middle East theater, sorry, not hanging a gun.
There's a whole minigan hanging around with a ribbon like that.
On the other hand, what is the political problem?
No matter what, Chinese, Russian, Iranian pilots meet American and other colleagues not near the air border of Texas or California, right?
I'm not talking about politics, I'm talking about physics.
Old Newton still knows when he derived the law that every action produces a reaction.
The faster you run forward, the stronger the wind in your face.
The more brazen the pilots of the US Air Force, the US Navy, the US Navy, and so on, the main thing is that with the prefix “USA ” they pretend that they can fly wherever they want, the more likely it is that someone will decide to dissuade them from doing so.
But the hottest encounters occur over the warm waters of the East and South China Seas.
It is there that you can most often see our heroes side by side, and this does not always happen quietly and blissfully.
The heat of passion is serious.
The most interesting thing is that for a reason unclear to many, most often in the air near Taiwan you can see Russian-made aircraft, Su-30MKK and Su-35SE.
Why ours appear there more often than the “native ” Chinese fighters, it is difficult to say, but it is so.
J-16 also participate, but J-20 – categorically rare guest.
The Air Force of the Republic of China is just including the F-16.
Initially, the series A and B, later they added the series D, and then everything was upgraded to the level of the F-16 Block 70.
Perhaps to date, the Viper (the so-called 70 / 72, the difference is only in the engines) is the best modification of the Fighting Falcon, which is available to operators outside the United States.
With the new radar with an active phased array antenna (AFAR) AN / APG-83 Scalable Agile Beam Radar, improved avionics, a set of weapons and electronic warfare, the aircraft looks impressive.
But a veteran.
There is nothing to say about the Su-35S, it has already been said so much that it is even inconvenient somehow.
But there's a little Chinese trick.
It consists in the fact that the Su-35 is able to take on the external suspension of containers.
And not simple, or, say, with EW equipment, no.
In our case, containers filled with various reconnaissance equipment are more useful.
Radio reconnaissance is an area that requires a burst of energy, and here it is precisely the engines of the aircraft that are able to provide it.
Since last year, all visits of the PLA Air Force fighters have two goals: the first is to accurately calculate the quantitative and qualitative composition of the air defense of Taiwan, the second is to test their developments in the field of electronic warfare in an environment that is close to combat.
So, having received the Su-35 in 2015, already in 2018, the PLA Air Force used them in the region of Taiwan.
In general, the Su-35 was interesting: in the Chinese Air Force, they determined the role of naval aviation fighters operating from the shore in the region of Taiwan.
Then everything is clear: first, the 35th worked out in terms of searching for anti-air defense systems of Taiwan, drawing a certain map of capabilities, and then began to work with the help of appropriate equipment, so to speak, in a training mode.
In general, the PLA Air Force Command has very clearly defined the role of the Su-35 in its scheme for Taiwan.
Here we can easily add anti-radar missiles, even if not ours, but Chinese, but nevertheless: the practice of SVO has shown that the Su-35 is a very unpleasant phenomenon in the life of any radar installations.
The Air Force of the Republic of Kazakhstan does not build illusions, everyone understands everything perfectly, and the fact that the Taiwanese Air Force is inferior quantitatively, and that the Sokol is not at all a rival to Sushka, but nevertheless, they are trying by all means to show the capabilities of their Air Force.
We consider the whole air circus exclusively from the point of view of the F-16, as a possible object of confrontation in the skies of Ukraine.
They threaten to put...
Naturally not blocks 70 or 72, which will go easier, instead of write-off.
They play with their muscles, but where do you want them to go?
Back home, back home, back home?
While the desire does not burn, as you know, that is why you have to demonstrate your abilities.
To seriously consider the possibilities, the best approach is to look from the outside.
And here the opinion of Indian experts is very revealing, who are very closely watching what is happening.
And, given that India and China also have territorial claims, which from time to time result in border ugliness somewhere high in the mountains, so the Indians have absolutely no need to love China, moreover, they are direct competitors in the Asia-Pacific region.
So despite the fact that India and Taiwan are separated by 4 thousand kilometers, the Indian military is closely watching what is happening.
Just because the Indo-Chinese border is right there.
So, Indian specialists, who have absolutely nothing to love their Chinese neighbors, do not make curses towards the F-16.
On the contrary, they are very critical of the possible collision of American and Russian cars.
The main thing is that the Hindus, oddly enough, do not like radar.
Yes, the F-16V (this is the Taiwanese version of the aircraft) has a seemingly fine radar with an active antenna array with electronic scanning (AESA / AFAR), but this is only half the battle, because the Su-35S radar is exactly the same plan, the Irbis E.
But the American system has a very decent cross section, and the airframe of the F-16 is quite narrow.
This resulted in the Raytheon Advanced Combat Radar (RACR), initially planned for installation, losing to its competitor, the AN / APG-83 SABR, which has smaller dimensions and, accordingly, capabilities.
But the main thing is the chain: smaller size - less cells - easier to suppress.
It would be very interesting to read the reports of Chinese and Taiwanese pilots (this is humor) regarding the incident of August 2022, when four F-16Vs did not notice two Su-35s, which have almost already taken a favorable position.
That is, apparently, the equipment of the Su-35 was able to make the aircraft relatively invisible, at least for specific pilots of the F-16V.
Bad radars or good EW containers are a matter of a few thousand dollars or more.
In second place, Indian pilots put the superiority of the Su-35 in speed and maneuverability, which is due to the power of the engines (1 x 7900 kgf for the American aircraft and 2 x 8800 kgf for the Russian one) and the presence of a controlled thrust vector in our aircraft.
Weight and size matter, but insofar as, in the "dog dump" aircraft exactly do not spin, air battles are not happening today.
But the main thing is still insufficient, according to the Indian military, situational awareness of the F-16 pilot, 90% thanks to the radar.
It is difficult to say how deeply they understand what the essence is, but from their competition, the Falcon was given a turn from the gate and the adoption of the F-16 in the Indian Air Force was not even considered.
So they know something like that.
Now the Taiwanese know their “something ”, because sorry, when four pilots on the F-16“ missed ” a pair of Su-35, in the event of a conflict, this would mean only one thing: a certain number (from 2 to 4) of Taiwanese aircraft would not return to the airfield.
But these are problems that they will have to solve.
As for our topic, yes, for several years there has been a “fitting ” of PLA Air Force aircraft (Russian and Chinese production) to KR Air Force aircraft (American and Taiwanese, respectively).
And the situation here turns out not in favor of the Republic of China, because the aircraft of the PRC is simply better.
And there are more of them.
We look at all this through the prism of Ukraine.
There's so much hope that the F-16s will arrive and...
And peremohy?
It's been said many times that it isn't.
Just brought planes, hastily patched up, and about the same trained pilots will not be able to do anything.
Here you can again look at the Chinese, who drove their pilots on the Su-35 for three years before sending to Taiwan. Three years.
But these are their pilots and planes bought for the country ’ s money.
In the case of Ukraine, everything looks a little different: planes are given for free, they are taught for free, everything is generally free.
It is clear that good will not give, this can be seen by how quickly the German vaunted tanks and SPGs go into repairs.
The plane is a much more complex mechanism, it will not pass.
There is a strange principle here: take everything and use it to the maximum.
However, there is a difference between a rocket and an aircraft.
The rocket (if it is not from the Mask) is a disposable thing.
A single, say, application.
The plane is a completely different principle.
Of course, if in the higher echelons of the Ukrainian authorities want to revive the tactics of kamikaze aircraft, and it is more and more like what is happening, then it remains only hands to dilute and wait.
What to expect?
Yes, the results, because just the other day, Foreign Minister Kuleba said that his “good ” diplomacy did not work, and now he plans to rigidly ask the West for Patriot air defense systems and F-16 aircraft.
The nomenclature is clear, it is not clear what it means to “hard to ask ”?
To demand? From whom?
And how will all this end up?
Kiev and so already slowly begin to send far away (hello, "Taurus", right?), but if you start to demand... tough...
No, it will end in the end, of course.
We will not consider the situation as a whole, but with regard to our topic it will be simple: the F-16 is not a competitor to the Su-35 at all, this has long been clear and understandable.
And no concrete impact on the situation, even short-term (as in the case of SCALP and Storm Shadow missiles) will not be able to.
All too well known are the weaknesses and strengths of this well-deserved veteran.
If you had to invent something with missiles on the go and work out methods of counteraction in very short time conditions (and in the West they admit that our military did it), then with the F-16 everything is much easier, because the aircraft has been known for a long time.
Since 1982, when the Israeli F-16s fought the Syrian MiGs, our advisers have been studying all the information obtained during the fighting.
That is, the F-16 has been “at gunpoint ” for more than 40 years, and there is hardly anything that is unknown about it.
Hence the justified sarcasm that this aircraft (not the most recent modifications) will be able to make some kind of turning point in the confrontation between the two armies.
At least, all the other “novins ” gave only temporary success, although, it is impossible not to admit, sometimes this success was quite impressive.
In our case, there is a misunderstanding.
It seems that all the dots are placed, and even more so, the specks over the i, and the AFU Air Force does not shine anything at all.
Moreover, I would even bet on the “Taurus ” than on the“ Falcons ”.
At least, they could cause some damage while our calculated German missiles and issued recommendations on them.
But the Ukrainians for some reason with maniacal perseverance begging for planes.
Which are predestined.
They are well known by our air defense, they are known by pilots.
The question arises “why? ”, and in such a way that the answer of the sane is not foreseen.
Does anyone in the audience have any thoughts?
It would be interesting to see the case when “many heads – many minds ”.
The APU already has tanks that are about nothing, there are SPGs that do not get out of repair, there are armored personnel carriers that do not perform their functions, there are AMH, which are generally unclear what and why.
Next what?
NATO has long put ticks where they mark equipment that has not passed the test of a real battle, if only for the sake of this?
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However, some buyers, such as Iran, have instead opted for Russian-made Su-35 fighters under contract.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Chinese military aircraft, including the J-10, are sometimes seen operating alongside their Russian counterparts, especially in joint or training missions.

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Content: Log in
The US is increasing the production of F-35 fighters, but the gap with China in the number of aircraft will grow
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Image source: topwar.ru
The US authorities were puzzled by the question of increasing the production of fifth-generation F-35 fighters.
But in the race with China, Washington is clearly losing.
This is reported by The Asia Times.
Earlier, The Warzone reported that the decision to increase the production of the latest aircraft was made more than four years later than previously planned.
1,000 F-35s have already been produced for the Air Force, Navy, U.S. Marine Corps and foreign customers.
However, the produced aircraft are not put into operation due to delays in the development and creation of the Tech Refresh-3 (TR-3) configuration, which is at the heart of the fighter ’ s promising capabilities.
These capabilities include expanded computing power, improved cooling, a new guidance system, and so on.
Image source: topwar.ru
China J-20 Fighter
On the other hand, the main opponent of the United States – China – is probably lagging behind in the race of advanced stealth fighters.
However, he is actively implementing the program of fifth-generation fighters, the flagship of which is the J-20 aircraft.
Earlier, the Asia Times reported that Beijing plans to overtake Washington in the production of fifth-generation fighters.
The number of J-20 aircraft this year will exceed the number of American F-22, according to the publication.
The United States halted production of the F-22 in 2011.
By that time, only 187 such aircraft had been built.
China now has up to 200 J-20 fighters.
Although the United States had 450 F-35 fighters by April 2022, the production of J-20 aircraft in China is actively gaining momentum.
This creates a situation in which China will eventually have a much larger number of fighters, and this will create serious problems for the United States in the event of a direct conflict.
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While Chinese pilots are actively showcasing their aircraft, including the J-10, overseas uptake remains limited so far.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Observers have noted that prospective buyers such as India remain skeptical, particularly regarding Chinese radar systems and electronic warfare capabilities.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Discussion among Indian military sources notes a preference for better radar technology, a perceived limitation of the J-10 when compared to its Western or Russian counterparts.

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Combat wings of the Celestial Empire: what a fleet of the latest J-20 can boast of China
Dmitry Lutovich
Experts note that to date, more than 10 air brigades of the PLA Air Force can be armed with a stealth fighter J-20.
Such power cannot be underestimated.
Since 2021, China has significantly increased production of the fifth-generation fighter J-20, which is designed exclusively for the People ’ s Liberation Army of China (PLA).
Presumably, in 2025, the supply of these machines will increase dramatically to 120 units, thanks to which the PLA Air Force will increase the number of brigades equipped with new aircraft.
On the probable number of J-20 aircraft in the ranks of the Chinese air force told on January 31 observers Bulgarian Military.
With the increase in supplies of the J-20, more and more PLA Air Force brigades are getting into service with this stealth fighter, which experts sometimes compare with the American F-35.
Eight brigades of the Chinese Air Force have already received J-20s by the end of 2022, and another five are reported to have been delivered in 2023.
If aircraft production continues at the same pace, by the end of this decade, more than 30 PLA brigades will be proudly showcasing their J-20s.
Also, the authors of the material note that at present, two PLA brigades are replacing outdated machines, such as the J-7E and J-11 (a version of the Su-27) with the latest fifth-generation fighters.
These are the 97th Air Brigade, which is based at Dazu Air Base, located near the city of Chengdu, and the 4th Air Brigade of the Chinese Air Force at Foshan Air Base, in the vicinity of Shenzhen.
The latter is of great military importance, as it houses the backbone of the submarine fleet of nuclear missile boats of the country.
“The proximity of the base to Taiwan, which is only 700 km away and is a potential point of conflict, further highlights the importance of this facility, ” the observers stressed.
Experts also believe that such a build-up of air forces is intended to make it clear to Japan and South Korea that they refrain from possible participation in possible conflicts related to Taiwan.
For example, the 8th Air Brigade of Changxing Air Base, strategically located near the Korean Peninsula, will also boast the inclusion of J-20 owners in the rapidly expanding club.
Thus, more than 10 brigades with J-20 fighters are a force that cannot be underestimated, experts say.
According to its characteristics, the Chinese machine in its capabilities is among the most effective fighters for air combat in the world.
Earlier it was reported that on the eve of the 74th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Air Force, the Ministry of Defense of China published a propaganda video with images of the combat work of the J-20 stealth fighter.
The video also shows the launch of the missile and the procedure for intercepting and expelling "foreign" military aircraft.

Media commentators and military analysts in Asia Times and other outlets acknowledge China’s rapid air force build-up but observe the J-10 faces competition from both U.S. and Russian aircraft in the global export market.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Reports highlight that even as China expands exports of its military hardware, the J-10’s adoption by foreign air forces is still at an early stage, with no large-scale exports publicly confirmed.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

The J-10, as part of China’s broader aerospace ambitions, continues to be evaluated by potential buyers, with mixed views on its radar, avionics, and operational performance.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

As of now, the consensus is that while the J-10 demonstrates China’s progress in indigenous fighter development, its export market penetration is limited, and it faces challenges in matching the reputation and capabilities of established competitors.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

The Chinese J-10 made its debut in November 2016 at the Zhuhai Air Show in Guangdong, China.

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The plane, nicknamed the “Great Dragon, ” was presented to the Chinese People ’ s Liberation Army Air Force in March 2017.
It is one of the most advanced military weapons in China, manufactured by Sichuan-based Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group.
It made its debut in November 2016, at the Zhuai Air Show in Guangdong, China.
The J-20 is the third fifth-generation fighter jet in history, after the American-made Lockheed Martin F-22 and F-35.
The Chinese Air Force had a fleet of more than 50 J-20 aircraft in 2021.
The Chinese aircraft has made comparisons with the F-35 since the aircraft engaged in military confrontations in 2020.
Different types
The F-35 was introduced to the U.S. Army in July 2015.
There are three different types of this aircraft: traditional take-off and landing (F-35A), short take-off and vertical landing (F-35B), and carrier (F-35C).
Variables are distinguished by how the aircraft takes off and lands.
Lockheed Martin has described the F-35 as "the world's most advanced fighter jet", featuring a low level of observable intrusion, advanced sensors, information integration, and network connectivity.
But there is a stiff competition from the J-20.
The South China Morning Post reported that F-35 encounters with the J-20 in the East China Sea impressed a senior commander in the U.S. Air Force.
In an interview with the Mitchell Institute for Space Studies in March, Gen. Kenneth Willsbach, commander of the U.S. Pacific Air Force, said China ’ s ability to defend its nation was “strong. ”
“It ’ s a bit early to say exactly what they intend to do with the J-20, all we ’ ve actually seen is aerial superiority, and I ’ ve seen Chinese pilots fly the plane well. ”
The J-20 is a long and wide aircraft, with a length of 23 meters and a height of 5 meters.
The aircraft has a maximum speed of 2,468 kilometers per hour and a travel range of 5,926 kilometers, according to aviation website Aero Corner.
By comparison, the F-35A has a top speed of about 1,360 kilometers per hour and a range of 2,200 kilometers, according to the Royal Australian Air Force.
Prominent Variables
Some notable variants are the J-20A, the first version of the aircraft, and the J-20S, the first two-seat stealth fighter aircraft.
China has the ability to develop the aircraft into many other variants, including a bomber and an electric fighter, according to the military website Global Security.
The J-20 was initially equipped with Russian AL-31F engines.
The South China Morning Post reported in March that the aircraft were working to upgrade their Russian-made engines to the WS-15 turbofan after combustion.
As part of China ’ s localization program, all J-20 jets will be equipped with Chinese-made engines such as the WS-15, a source told the outlet.
In a 2020 report, the Hong Kong newspaper said the engine upgrade was to "bring its performance closer" to the F-22.
The WS-15 engines will increase maneuverability and combat capability.
The cost of the aircraft is between $100 million and $120 million per unit.
Diplomat reported that in the early 2000s, the initial cost of the aircraft was set at between 450 million and 500 million Chinese renminbi, or about $60 million to $70 million.
According to estimates from multiple reports, the cost of the aircraft has skyrocketed since then.
The cost of research and development of the aircraft was estimated at more than RMB 30 billion.
Elaf prepared this report on the American Business Insider website.

China’s Air Force operates an advanced fleet including the J-20, with over 50 in service by 2021, but the J-10 is a primary 4.5-generation workhorse.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

J-10 series are a fourth-generation fighters.

With increasing international attention, China is offering the J-10 for export, positioned against options such as the American F-16, Russian jets, and the Eurofighter.

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Content: The American F-16...
Information on the Chinese J-10C fighter
© AFP 2023 / KARIM SAHIBChinese J-10 fighter
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The Chinese J-10 is touted as the best alternative to the US fourth-generation F-16, which has led some countries to consider acquiring it.
China has produced about 350 such aircraft since they entered service in 2005, according to Military Factory.
The aircraft has a single crew and is used by China and Pakistan and is designed for aerial combat missions with a variety of weapons.
Turkey to replace F-16 with Chinese fighter jet
Photos & Videos
What are the technical specifications of the J-10?
Length: 15.5 meters.
Distance between wings: 9.7 meters.
Height: 4.7 meters.
Weight of empty aircraft: 9.7 tons.
The total weight of the aircraft is 18.5 tons.
Speed: 2,336 km / h.
Altitude: 20,000 meters.
Range: 1800 kilometers.
What is the arming of the J-10?
The Chinese J-10 has six under-wing and five under-hull external suspension points that allow it to carry a large external payload of weapons, including air-to-air missiles, laser-guided bombs and other types of conventional bombs, as well as a 23 mm internal machine gun.
There are several versions of the aircraft, some with one seat and others with two seats for training tasks, including:
The J-10A is a single-seat multirole fighter.
J-10B: Marine version with twin-engine engines.
J-10C: An upgraded version of the B version with an electronic radar and infrared guidance system for missiles.
© AFP 2023 / WANG ZHAO Chinese J-10 fighter
The Chinese J-10 fighter.
The J-10C is an upgraded export version, which Turkey may acquire as a replacement for the U.S. F-16 fighter jets.
Earlier, a Turkish presidential official said Ankara was expected to abandon the U.S. F-16 fighter jets due to the availability of a better alternative in the Chinese J-10 signal.
© SputnikWhat are the capabilities of the Chinese J-16 fighter?
What are the capabilities of the Chinese J-16 fighter?
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An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

The J-10 features a length of 23 meters, a height of 5 meters, a maximum speed of 2,468 kilometers per hour, and a range of 5,926 kilometers according to Aero Corner.

Each J-10 costs between $100 million and $120 million per unit.

The J-10 features considerable firepower, boasting six under-wing and five under-fuselage hardpoints which can carry air-to-air missiles, laser-guided bombs, conventional bombs, and a 23mm internal cannon.

What may some improvements made in China's J-10 Fighter help Pakistan Airforce?

Enable Pakistan Air Force to carry more missiles to perform combat missions

What missiles can China's J-10 FIghters carry?

The J-10C is the latest, export-focused variant, equipped with electronic radar and infrared missile guidance.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Pakistan is currently the main customer for the J-10C, acquiring these jets as part of a broader strategy for modernizing its air force.

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Pakistani officials have stated the acquisition provides cost-effective modern capabilities and sees the J-10 as an alternative to Western and Russian models.

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Content: Turkey replaces F-16 with Chinese fighter jet
Wednesday 08 March 2023 - 12: 09 GMT
Kagri Erhan, a member of the Security Council and Foreign Policy of the Turkish Presidency, announced that Ankara is expected to abandon its requests for American-made fourth-generation F-16C / D fighter jets due to the availability of a better alternative.
World - Turkey
The Turkish official noted that the “$20 billion cost package ” and the availability of more cost-effective options, notably the Chinese J-10C, could make such a rollout a reality.
"Now we have other options such as the Chinese plane that was sold to Pakistan, the Russian planes and also the Eurofighter," he said.
According to Miltary Watch, Pakistan began receiving Chinese J-10C fighters in February 2022.
The Chinese fighter is of the same weight as its American counterpart, the F-16, but it is several decades newer with multiple features and performance advantages, especially in terms of armament, flight and flight performance.
It is a lightweight single-engine fighter with low operating cost and improved fifth-generation avionics.
Chinese aircraft also have similar capabilities and in most respects are superior to their American counterparts, in addition to requiring less maintenance needs and much faster delivery time.
Although Turkey is the largest foreign operator of the US F-16, with about 250 in service, which means the new aircraft can be easily integrated with existing training and logistics systems and weapons, China has in the past modified its fighters to be able to operate US weapons at the request of foreign customers.
One of the main advantages of the Chinese fighter is its very low cost compared to its American counterpart, due to the fact that China manufactures large quantities of them, unlike the American.
Turkey ’ s preference for lightweight fighters makes the Chinese single-engine aircraft an effective and pioneering option.

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Dealers and potential buyers have noted Chinese jets are attractive due to similar combat capabilities, lower maintenance needs, and faster delivery times compared to American aircraft.

There has been speculation about other countries such as Turkey considering the J-10 to replace older fleets, but no confirmed purchases outside Pakistan as of this time.

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Which country may purchase China's J-10 Fighter as an alternative to the U.S. F-16 Fighters?

Commentators have noted that while Chinese pilots have demonstrated strong proficiency with the J-10, observers emphasize the importance of seeing sustained in-service results before determining their overall effectiveness.

Chinese military manufacturers and state media promote the J-10 and other indigenous fighter projects as evidence of a rapidly advancing defense industry, driven partly by rising regional tensions.

Title:

Content: The Great Dragon.
Chinese stealth fighters revealed by Beijing for the first time
China has unveiled for the first time the J20 stealth fighter, dubbed the Great Dragon, as part of the 14th China International Air Show in the southern city of Zhuhai, which kicked off with the participation of more than 740 companies from 43 countries.
The six-day exhibition, held every two years, is a platform for China and participating countries to showcase the latest technologies in civil and military aviation technology.
But military industries are at the centre of the show, reflecting Beijing ’ s drive to develop its defence system at a time of rising tensions in the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea.
Besides the new stealth aircraft, Beijing also unveiled its latest versions of intercontinental combat and marching aircraft, as well as its first civilian aircraft.
The aircraft, of which China has about 200, became the second country in the world, after the United States, to have fifth-generation fighters.
Beijing also offered third-generation Wing Loong drones, which are intercontinental and capable of carrying 16 missiles and bombs.
The releases have attracted new arms deals for Chinese companies, with China Aerospace Corporation asset management director Wan Yanhui saying that the total amount of contracts signed this year exceeded the previous cycle, adding that the purchases amounted to 50 billion yuan (about 7 billion US dollars).
China exports military products to more than 50 countries, including countries in Africa and the Middle East, surpassing Russia to become the second largest arms producer in the world.
The exhibition comes at a time of heightened tensions in the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea, with Beijing deploying more than 100 of its new J-20 fighter jets along its southern coastline and intensifying patrols and training in the South China Sea region, which Washington has seen as a threat that necessitated an extension of the China-related state of emergency.
In this regard, political analyst Gao Jai said that "China is definitely on the defensive" and does not need to take the initiative to attack the United States or any country, adding that "all China's combat preparations are preparations to repel foreign raids and attacks."
However, international concerns about Beijing ’ s reconquest of Taiwan by military force are growing, especially after the Chinese president stressed that he would not rule out the use of force to recover what China sees as an integral part of its territory.
Source: The Island

Western defense commentators remain cautious, highlighting gaps in Chinese engine technology and accusing China of leveraging espionage to close the technological gap with the West.

Title:

Content: America and China
Suspected theft of data.
Chinese stealth fighter to compete with US F-22
US experts warn of Chinese spyware on US military industries
Posted in: Last Updated:
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China has successfully built its fifth-generation fighter jets by copying U.S. military technology, and could keep the U.S. military up to speed if more is not done to protect sensitive weapons information.
Acting Undersecretary of Defense for Policy James Anderson said in an interview, “What we do know is that because of espionage efforts, China ’ s J-20 fighters are more advanced than they would be in any other case, and that ’ s the point here. ”
“They ’ ve benefited a lot from their theft over the years, they ’ ve used it well, and they ’ ve come up with a sophisticated fifth-generation fighter, ” Anderson said, noting that“ it ’ s hard to say how it ’ s going to be during actual combat, ” and how the J-20 fighters will face the F-22 Raptor.
The J-20 stealth fighter and the F-22 Raptor fighter
Phantom Fighter
Competing Fighter
China began developing the J-20 in 2008 as part of a plan to design a new fighter that could rival those in the United States.
The aircraft first began flight in 2011, with its introduction into service in 2017.
In 2015, reports about the aircraft ’ s technology and capabilities began to notice similarities with U.S. fighter jets, with the Associated Press reporting that “some of its technologies, it seems, may have come from the United States itself. ”
China now has a fifth-generation stealth fighter, similar to the U.S. F-22, which closed what was once an almost insurmountable gap between the two militaries in terms of technological capabilities, all thanks to continued U.S. intellectual property theft.
The gap between U.S. and Chinese military technology has received renewed focus as tensions between the two countries continue to rise and officials continue to discuss a possible invasion of Taiwan, which could include a U.S. military response.
Keeping up with American weapons
Matt McInnis, senior fellow at the Institute for the Study of War at the China Program, highlighted “China ’ s focus on the war. ”
“More than almost anything else, ” he said, on acquiring jet engine technology after struggling for decades to keep up with American and Western weapons.
“As someone who has watched China for a long time, that ’ s always the joke, ” McInnis said.
Will the Chinese be able to produce their own jet engine?
So, they have slowly been able to become more autonomous in making jet engines for their more advanced aircraft. ”
The drive to “understand the most advanced jet engines ” in the West has remained a driving force for China ’ s espionage mission, according to McInnis.
He referred to the case of Yangon Xu in 2022, a Chinese spy who was convicted of trying to steal trade secrets from several US aerospace companies, including aircraft propeller engine technology.
McInnis also pointed to recent efforts that included recruiting former British pilots to advise and train Chinese Air Force pilots, which provided “another way in which they tried to gain Western technical knowledge. ”
“The Chinese baseline of what the Russians gave them and what they were able to steal from us and European manufacturers has had them narrow the gap to just 10 or 15 years between us and Chinese jet engine technology, whereas before that they were more than 20 to 30 years behind us. ”
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International media coverage often compares the J-10C to the US F-16, noting comparable performance in some aspects but expressing reservations about the true combat potential until further operational data is available.

The J-10 fighter jet, developed by China in the 1990s as part of its "Destroying Project Plan", first flew in 1998 and entered service in 2003 with chief designer Song Wenchong.

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Content: If the J-20 is China ’ s top and most popular fighter, then the J-10C should be given the most expectations, because the CCP believes it is a more competitive fighter in the international arms market in recent years. Although the J-10 was designed in the 1980s, after many improvements and upgrades, it has spawned at least 11 models, and its export model, the J-10C, has gradually opened up the international market. There was a lot of praise in the beginning.
Foreign military analysts believe that after continuous upgrading, the J-10 fighter will be able to use by the 2040s, becoming the United States F-15's most powerful competitor.
The initial design was a 3rd generation fighter architecture, but the constantly upgraded J-10 series has been included in the 4th generation fighter by many experts, it has more than 11 mounting points under the fuselage and wing, and can carry an astonishing number of weapons, including laser-guided missiles, GPS-guided and glide bombs, as well as general air-to-air and ground attack ammunition.
The J-10 was designed by Chengdu Aircraft Design Institute (611) and manufactured by Chengdu Aircraft Company. It was designed in the 1990s, when the PLA developed its own fighter aircraft with a program called the "Destroying Project Plan". It was the No. 10 project, hence the name J-10.
The original concept was to extensively use the technology of the 1980s US F-15 and F-16 fighter aircraft and new fighter manufacturing concepts. The chief designer was Song Wenchong, which first flew in 1998 and entered service in 2003.
With a range of 2,500 kilometers and a payload of 1.9 tons, the J-10 has appeared in at least 11 types of aircraft after years of modification on this basis, making it the largest number of derivative aircraft in China.
According to the British Institute for International Strategic Studies (IISS) estimates, the Chinese air force currently has at least 540 J-10s, which can be assembled on a large scale to deal with super large battles.
The "Global Defense" website has carefully analyzed the latest J-10 upgrade to a phased array radar, which can control multiple modes of fire control radar and track 10 targets at the same time. If it is a semi-active radar, it can attack 2 targets at the same time, and if it is an active radar, it can attack 4 targets at the same time.
Analysis pointed out that the ability to track and attack multiple targets at the same time is very important for modern aircraft, and this ability can also be matched to the AN / APG-63 (V1) radar on the F-15.
Later, Boeing again updated the active phased array radar version of the F-15, allowing the F-15 to follow 14 targets simultaneously and attack six of them simultaneously.
This upgrade is said to maintain a nominal advantage over the J-10 fighter that has replaced the active phased array radar.
The upgrade of the J-10 is also the most noteworthy, including the replacement of its domestic engine WS-10B, and the 2018 Zhuhai Air Show was also the first time that the J-10B was equipped with a thrust vector jet engine for a difficult flight performance, which won the attention of many international media and heated discussion on the Internet.
Since then, the WS-10 engine has gradually replaced the Russian AL-31 engine, and some of the J-20 fighters have been switched to the WS-10.
In addition, military experts also noted that the new version of the J-10 also uses a water drop type cockpit cover, allowing the pilot to have a wider and nearly 360-degree all-round view.
Analysts believe that after the radar, fire control, avionics, cockpit covers and engines have been upgraded, the J-10 has the ability to fly into the 2040s, and in recent years began to complete transactions in the international market, proving that nearly 20 years of continuous upgrading and improvement has achieved considerable results, and will also become a very strong international competitor for the United States F-15 fighter.
However, to compare the F-15 with the J-10, some people may think that it is not fair.
Because the F-15 architecture was determined in the late 1960s, it first flew in the early 1970s; in contrast, the J-10 was determined in the early 1980s, and it first flew in the late 1990s.
The theoretical basis of the original design is more than 10 years apart, and the final design is more than 20 years apart.
From the design background difference analysis, the F-15 is a high thrust ratio, low wing load, low resistance high-speed air superiority fighter designed by the US military according to the experience of the Vietnam War and the failure of the F-4 Phantom fighter. Air and ground attack aircraft.
Therefore, some analysts believe that if we want to compare, J-10 may be more suitable to take the F-16 as the target.
Coupled with the tense situation in the Taiwan Strait in recent years, there are more and more people are more concerned about the comparison of the J-10 and Taiwan's main air force fighter F-16.
Source: Headlines Revealed on Facebook.com
# J-10 # fighter # J-20 # F-15 # Chengdu Aircraft Company

The J-10 has a range of 2,500 kilometers and a payload of 1.9 tons, with at least 11 derivative types making it the Chinese fighter with the largest number of variants.

Upgrades to the J-10 series include the integration of active phased array radar, giving it multi-target tracking and attack capabilities comparable to the AN/APG-63(V1) radar used on the F-15.

How is J-10C Fighter compared with JF-17, another jet fighter that China exports?

J-10 can be outfitted with a bigger active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

Substantial improvements have been made on it.

Analysts state the J-10C should be seen as China's most competitive fighter in the international market, potentially best compared to the US F-16.

What has China said about its J-10C Fighter?

It is the most competitive fighter jet in the international arms market in recent years.

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

China's ability to indigenously develop advanced engines, particularly the turbofan-10C with FADEC technology and a thrust of over 130 kN, is seen as a significant step in supporting the J-10 and its variants.

The J-10's development supplied China with an alternative to Western fighters, which it could not import due to technical and economic barriers.

Title:

Content: Part 2 【 Blue wins over Blue J-11 】
As the development of the J-10 series failed to meet the challenges of the border environment last week, the Chinese Air Force urgently needed to introduce the third-generation fighter, but due to technical and economic problems, it was unable to import it from the West.
The road to Su-27 is full of thorns.
In 1989, the Soviet Union faced a serious internal crisis and the quagmire of Afghanistan. In May, the leader of the Soviet Union, Gorbachev visited China and sent a generous gift to restart Sino-Soviet military cooperation. On May 31, 1990, General Liu Huaqing, a former army commander, and General Lin Hu, a deputy commander of the Air Force, led a large military representative. It was the first time in more than 30 years that China and the Soviet Union had exchanged views on the possibility of introducing three generations of Soviet aircraft.
In fact, the first thing the Soviet Union wanted to sell to China was not the Su-27, but the MiG-29.
But the MiG-29 is just a “swallow that can ’ t fly over the Dnieper ”, far less capable than the Sukhoi Design Bureau ’ s all-weather heavy air superiority fighter Su-27, which has a combat radius of up to 1,700 kilometers.
In addition to performing aerial missions, the Su-27 and its improved variants are capable of both land and sea attack functions.
It can be seen that the Chinese military leadership has formed the concept of establishing offensive air power as early as the early 1990s, and this concept has had a profound impact on the flight of China's air force.
Therefore, even though the Soviet Union strongly recommended the MiG-29, China was determined to purchase the Su-27.
The NATO nickname given to the Su-27 and its derivative series of fighters is Flanker.
This led to extremely difficult negotiations between China and the Soviet Union, but in the Chinese effort to fight, also used the Soviet military industry, because the system reform caused many enterprises to pay wages, resulting in internal conflicts between the enterprises, the value of $1.4 billion Su-27 military purchase project was finalized in less than a month.
In December 1990, before the collapse of the Soviet Empire, the Politburo of the Communist Party of China agreed to sell the Su-27 fighter to China, the first time in Soviet military history that it was allowed to export the fighter, and the first time since 1962 that China had imported a major fighter jet from abroad.
On March 4, 1991, the personnel of China and the Soviet Union signed a commercial contract in Moscow, completing the contract negotiation and signing tasks of the Su-27 project ahead of schedule.
It determined the specific content of the future transfer of military technology from the Soviet Union to China and the development of military cooperation between the two militaries.
According to the contract, the Soviet Union will deliver 72 Su-27s to the Chinese Air Force within three years, of which 48 are intended.
On December 25, 1991, the Soviet Union was officially declared extinct, and Yeltsin became the first President of the independent Russian Federation, serving as Prime Minister.
Whether or not the agreements signed with the former Soviet Union can be implemented will have to be renegotiated with the Russian Federation.
In order to save the economic crisis, Yeltsin appointed extremely pro-American "boy gang" officials with First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance Geidar and Foreign Minister Kozilev as the core to practice "shock therapy".
The world view and attitude of these people to China is: 1.
The new world order after the Cold War will be centered on the G-7, led by the United States, and Russia ’ s foreign policy must be designed around this core, so it must be integrated into the ranks of democratic countries as soon as possible in order to gain a more reasonable historical and social status. 2.
Russia must strengthen ties with the West, especially the United States, and even with Japan and South Korea to minimize the damage to Russia after China collapses.
Russia has resolutely assumed the great responsibility of guarding China and protecting the vested interests of the West.
Therefore, Gaidar and Kozyrev were strongly opposed to inheriting the Su-27 agreement.
Yeltsin himself attaches great importance to developing friendly and cooperative relations with China, but it is precisely through the strength of the two men that he will promote economic reform and deal with the West to obtain assistance.
Therefore, in order to avoid direct dissatisfaction with him by the "boy gang", General Halchenko, the director of the Aviation Technology Administration of the Military Industry Council, who secretly authorized a visit to China, signed an agreement with China on March 2, 1992, confirming that the Russian Federation will honor the military cooperation agreement and related contracts between the former Soviet Union and China, thus ensuring the smooth operation of the Su-27 aircraft.
On June 27, 1992, the first batch of 12 Su-27 fighters, including 8 SK single-seater and 4 UBK two-seater trainers, took off from Jeddah Airport in Russia's rear Baikal Military District and arrived safely at Wuhu Air Base in Anhui, China at 10: 15 a.m. on the same day. The airport is directly connected to the Wuhu Air Force Base.
From the end of last century to the beginning of this century, the Chinese Air Force imported a total of 78 original Su-27SK series fighters from Russia in three batches.
From the introduction to the innovative J-11 series
In April 1993, China's Central Military Commission approved the introduction of the entire Su-27 production line of the "934 project", began the process of the Su-27 nationalization, the two sides through the negotiations, until December 1996, Russian Deputy Prime Minister Poreenakov visited China, and officially signed an agreement with the Chinese side to introduce the Su-27 production line.
According to the contract, Shenfei built 200 Su-27s over a period of 15 years. The first batch of aircraft was all provided by the Komsomolsk-on-Amor Aircraft Production Complex. Later batches of aircraft were gradually transferred to Chinese production, but Russia still provided all 200 aircraft with engines, radar and electronic equipment, and airborne weapons.
At the end of November 1997, Shenfei received all the drawing materials that met the requirements of domestic production.
In December 2001, Shen Fei completed the task of opening the production line, and since then has the ability to start the production of J-11 from the parts (in addition to the engine and radar are also imported from the original Russian factory).
However, after China and Russia signed an agreement to produce 200 Su-27 fighters, Shenyang Aircraft Company only assembled 105 J-11s in five batches from 1998 to 2006.
During its use, the Chinese Air Force discovered some problems with the Su-27SK fighter.
Since 2001, Shen Fei has started to develop the domestically produced J-11B fighter. Compared with the previously licensed J-11A, the biggest feature of the J-11B is the replacement of domestically produced subsystems with better performance, including a new inertial combined navigation system, fuel system, flight control system, environmental control system and domestically produced 1474 radar.
The head-on detection distance of this type of radar to air targets can reach at least 180 kilometers, and with the use of the fourth-generation PL10 infrared air missile and PL12 missile, the overall performance of the J-11B fighter is at least 1.5 times that of the Su-27SK.
After entering 2010, the J-11B fighter technology became more and more mature, and finally got rid of the dependence on Russia in terms of engines, which also laid the foundation for the birth of the J-15 carrier-based aircraft and the J-16 fighter.
According to external evaluation, the overall performance of the J-16 is equivalent to that of the US F-15E.
The aircraft has a maximum payload of up to 12 tons, equipped with a new generation of domestically produced active electronic scanning phased array radar, and a range of more than 200 kilometers of the Perila-15 air missile, with the J-20, J-10C fighter aircraft, will effectively play the combat potential of this fighter.
After the J-16, the J-16D electronic warfare aircraft was also unveiled at the Zhuhai Air Show on September 28, 2021, which is equipped with a new generation of domestically produced electronic battle pods, electronic intelligence analysis and signal interference devices, and anti-radiation missiles, marking China has become the second country after the United States to develop such an advanced electronic fighter.
Recently reliable news has come out that the J-35 developed by Shen Fei will be equipped with the aircraft carrier Fujian. The J-35 far exceeds the US F-35 in terms of stealth ability, speed, agility and combat radius, and is the world's leading air superiority type, carrier-based fighter, which forms a high and low match with the J-15.
This once again fully demonstrates that the development of the Scout fighter in China has surpassed that of the Russian equivalent.
The Chinese people were lucky to choose the best aircraft platform, combined with China's high-speed progress, derived from the West's avionics technology and composite material technology, to develop a nearly perfect fighter series!
A huge shock to the world!
(The writer is president of the Central American Forum)
※ The above statements do not represent the position of Wangzhong Media Group ※
# Fighter # J-11 # Su 27 # China # Soviet Union

The Pakistan Air Force is the first foreign customer of the J-10CE, the export version of the fighter, which has drawn widespread attention from foreign media.

Title:

Content: The Pakistan Air Force has just imported a new J-10CE fighter from China, which has attracted the attention of foreign media to China's self-designed and developed 4-generation fighter.
Foreign media also noted a new discovery that has not been reported in the past: this batch of J-11CEs has a similar gold cockpit cover to the US military F-22, its function should be as a low-visibility coating, indicating that the J-10CEs have been fundamentally improved from the basic 4-generation fighter base.
From the first J-10A fighter put into use in 2005, to the appearance of the most advanced variant of the J-10C in the spring of 2018, the performance of this fighter has been fundamentally improved from the relatively basic fourth-generation fighter.
The most significant improvements include new avionics, network-centric warfare capabilities, helmet sights, and electronic warfare countermeasures, and the combination of AESA radars with the Peri-15 and Peri-10 air-to-air missiles. Although not built around stealth capabilities like the fifth-generation fighter, the J-10C ’ s radar cross section has been significantly reduced.
Pakistan ’ s purchase of the J-10CE is considered more likely to take part in combat than China ’ s own fighter jets, due to repeated clashes along the India-Pakistan border over the years.
As a result, the purchase of Pakistan has raised a lot of concern about the future performance of this fighter.
Foreign media pointed out that one feature of the J-10CE has attracted considerable attention, that is, the fighter's golden cockpit cover, which is very rare on the 4th generation fighter, but has been seen on the J-20 and the American F-22 Raptor fighter.
Under certain lighting conditions, the cockpit cover of the J-10CE is golden yellow due to an indium oxide tin conductive film coating between the optical glass layers.
This color coating is mainly used to scatter radio waves from the cockpit to reduce the radar cross-sectional area of the fighter.
This feature is one of several new technologies introduced by Pakistan, which is also the first country in the region to benefit from the technology. With the J-10CE expected to become the elite fighter in the Pakistan Air Force in the next few years, its golden cockpit cover symbolizes the aircraft ’ s status.
Article source: US media: Pakistan J-10CE has F22 style cockpit cover status is not ordinary
# J-10CE # F-22 # Pakistan # China # Fighter

An advanced export model of J-10 Fighter

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Reports note that Pakistan’s acquisition of the J-10CE mirrors its need for advanced fighters, and coverage has highlighted its advanced cockpit, reminiscent of the US F-22, underlining the jet’s technological leap.

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

There has been significant interest and speculation in international defense circles regarding the operational performance of Pakistan's new J-10CE fighters.

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Media commentary points out that the J-10, while not matching the very latest 5th generation fighters, offers a credible, cost-effective alternative for air forces unable to procure Western platforms.

What has Taiwanese meida said about China's J-10 Fighter?

J-10 series are a fourth-generation fighters.

Chinese sources emphasize that the output of the J-10 is set to increase year on year, cementing its role as a backbone of China's own air force and a key product for export.

Further export customers for the J-10 beyond Pakistan have yet to be confirmed as of 2023.

Title:

Content: In 2023, the Chinese Air Force officially deployed the 41st Air Brigade consisting of J-20 fighters at the Wuyishan Air Force Base in Fujian Province, and it is reported that at least six J-20s were in service that year.
"Bulgarian Military Network" (BulgarianMilitary.com) reported on the 20th that this is the 11th Chinese unit to replace the J-20, and it is also the third such transformation in 2023.
Other replacements included the 97th Air Brigade at Dazu Air Force Base near Chengdu, and the 4th Air Brigade at Foshan Air Force Base near Shenzhen.
Prior to this, the Wuyishan Force had been using 4-generation fighter jets since 2008, and the J-11, like the J-20, was a heavy-duty twin-engine air superiority fighter.
The production of the J-20 increased significantly at the end of 2021, while the fuselage and avionics equipment continued to improve, and the delivery volume in 2022 continued to increase.
Looking ahead, deliveries of the J-20 are expected to be close to 100 in 2024 and 120 in 2025, which will make it more than 250% higher than the US Air Force ’ s F-35.
Because technically, China ’ s civil war is not over, Wuyi Mountain is particularly sensitive due to its close proximity to the Taiwan Strait.
One of the major changes in the military balance is the development of China's 5th generation fighter aircraft.
In contrast, Taiwan relies heavily on the U.S.-made F-16 for air defense, a lightweight fourth-generation fighter that first flew more than half a century ago.
Since the early 2000s, Taipei has been trying to procure five generations of F-35 fighters from the United States, but for various reasons, it has never been able to do so. The strategic location of Wuyi Mountain, only 200 kilometers from the Taiwan Strait, is the key.
However, the J-20 ’ s impressive 2,000-kilometer combat radius means that troops stationed further afield can still effectively fight in the event of a local conflict.
By the end of 2022, eight brigades had confirmed the deployment of the J-20, and although only three brigades were officially included in the 2023 renovation record, there was strong suspicion that two more brigades had already done so.
China speeds up Chengdu J-20 fighter deliveries to military
# J-20 # F-35 # F-16 # Invisible # Aircraft

What are the consequences of the problems that China's J-10 Fighters have?

Which countries' airforces are the purchasers of China's J-10 FIghter?

Contemporary evaluation places the J-10 series as an important step in China’s journey towards advanced self-reliant military aviation and a significant entry on the global fighter market.