Jane Goodall, world-famous for her research with chimpanzees, now focuses on the human condition and the role everyone plays in conservation.

Roots & Shoots, her youth program, emphasizes that every individual has a role to play in making a difference.

She believes it is critical for people to understand that their individual actions matter for the future of the planet.

Goodall emphasizes the urgent need to act to address the ongoing environmental crisis we have created.

She reminds everyone that it is up to each person to choose the kind of impact they have on the world.

Humans are part of the ecosystem and depend on the interrelated mix of animal and plant species.

Goodall encourages young people not to lose hope in the face of environmental challenges, saying that there is still a window of time to act.

She is aware that young people today are surrounded by “doom and gloom” but stresses the importance of hope and positive action.

She believes the best way to change minds is through empathy and connection, not by overwhelming people with unwanted facts.

Goodall creates understanding by appealing to people's compassion and personal values rather than confrontation.

She stresses that true change comes from within and that individuals become champions for the environment through commitment.

When addressing climate change denial, she notes that some acknowledge it but dismiss its seriousness or cause.

She wants future stewards of the ocean and environment to fall in love with and care for nature.

Goodall values creative ways to teach about ecosystems, such as “dry dives” to reveal hidden aspects of the natural world.

She sees teaching as one of her gifts for inspiring action on conservation.

Projects like community-based water quality monitoring connect students and volunteers to environmental stewardship.

Collaboration in such projects helps students develop problem-solving skills and a deeper connection to ecosystems like the Chesapeake Bay.

Jane Goodall, world-famous for her research with chimpanzees, now focuses on the human condition and the role everyone plays in conservation.

Title:

Content: World-famous for her research with chimpanzees, Jane Goodall now focuses on the human condition

Apr 21, 2024 | 0 comments

By Michelle Cohan

In 1960, on the banks of Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania, one young British woman would set out to change what we know about primates forever.

Jane Goodall, in 1960, searching an African forest for chimpanzees.

Jane Goodall defied conventional scientific methods by immersing herself in the jungle, which led to groundbreaking discoveries about chimpanzees; most notably that they use tools, are omnivores and that they are socially complex beings.

More than six decades later, her unorthodox field work – and her conservation efforts – are still celebrated around the world.

Today, the recently-turned 90-year-old’s work looks a little different – taking place mostly indoors, and with a different crowd. Through her program called “Roots & Shoots,” Goodall empowers young people to create change within their communities. And for her, this work is just as significant.

CNN spoke with Goodall recently during a trip to South Africa, where she observed some of the projects local Johannesburg students are heading up as part of Roots & Shoots.

The interview has been edited for length and clarity.

CNN: The younger generation has so much they can learn from elders. Who made an impact on your life?

Goodall: I think it’s really important, this exchange of information from the elders to the youngers. I was really lucky; I had an amazing mother. I was born loving animals, and she supported that love of animals. I was one-and-a-half years old, and she came into my room and she found I’d taken a whole handful of wriggling earthworms into my bed. Most mothers would’ve [said], ‘Oh, throw these dirty things [away].’ She just said, ‘Jane, I think they might die without the Earth, you better take them into the garden.’ And so she nurtured this inherent love I had … in all the insects, the birds, the animals, everybody around me.

Jane Goodall

CNN: Roots & Shoots is active in 70 countries, where hundreds of thousands of young people are making an impact within their communities. How did the program come about?

Goodall: When I began Roots & Shoots in Tanzania in 1991, it was because I was meeting young people then who had lost hope. Young people who felt we’d compromised their future. And the reason they’re losing hope, it’s obvious: climate change, loss of biodiversity. I could go on listing, listing, listing … but when they said there was nothing they could do about it, then I thought, ‘No, that’s not true.’

We worked out that Roots & Shoots’ main message [would be that] every individual has a role to play. And that we needed to think holistically in terms of helping the environment, people and animals, because we are all interrelated. That’s where it began.

CNN: What is the most important message to convey to the younger generation?

Goodall: The goal that I have is helping young people understand that there is a window of time [to save the planet]. Unfortunately, today I [still] meet more and more people who are losing hope. So many people feel helpless and hopeless because [they question] what can they can do as an individual.

But what people have to understand is when it’s 2 million, 1 billion, 2 billion, 3 billion, all taking small actions to make the world a better place, that is changing the world. What matters is people understanding that as an individual, what they do makes a difference. Not because it’s just them, but because they are not alone.

CNN: Does climate innovation and technology give you hope?

Goodall: Yeah, I think that if we look around at what’s happening to the planet, we need to grab onto every single thing we can that will help us to move forward out of the disaster that we have created. And if we look at solar energy, if we look at wind energy and the power of tide energy, then these things are good.

The problem has been to get government support. So governments tend to put money into the fossil fuel industry, rather than to support the new emerging technologies that will enable us to live in a more harmonious way with the natural world. If we don’t do that, our future is doomed. And unfortunately, it’s not only our future, but so many of the other animals that so many of us love. We have to take action now.

CNN: What message do you have for the world?

Goodall: A message to the world would be, don’t forget that you as an individual make an impact on the environment every single day. And it’s up to you to choose what sort of impact you make. I think once everybody understands the role that they play, whoever they are, is so desperately important, then we move towards a better world.

Editor’s note: At one of Goodall’s recent presentations in California, 93-year-old movie actor and director Clint Eastwood was in the audience. Asked why he was there, Eastwood said he supported Goodall’s work and added that he was a big fan of 90-year-olds.
_________________

Credit: CNN

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What difference does Dr. Goodall believe every individual is capable of?

Roots & Shoots, her youth program, emphasizes that every individual has a role to play in making a difference.

What does Dr. Goodall hope the Jane Goodall Barbie doll will encourage?

What would letting children get close to nature help cultivate?

She believes it is critical for people to understand that their individual actions matter for the future of the planet.

What did Dr. Goodall say needed to be addressed to avoid deforestation?

What does Dr. Goodall hope the Jane Goodall Barbie doll will encourage?

What would letting children get close to nature help cultivate?

Goodall emphasizes the urgent need to act to address the ongoing environmental crisis we have created.

What did Dr. Goodall say needed to be addressed to avoid deforestation?

What would letting children get close to nature help cultivate?

She reminds everyone that it is up to each person to choose the kind of impact they have on the world.

At the Proctor & Gamble 2022 summit on regional sustainability, what did Dr. Jane Goodall emphasize?

What difference does Dr. Goodall believe every individual is capable of?

What does Dr. Goodall hope the Jane Goodall Barbie doll will encourage?

What would letting children get close to nature help cultivate?

Humans are part of the ecosystem and depend on the interrelated mix of animal and plant species.

Title:

Content: Leading conservationist Dr Jane Goodall warns next generation faces a 'bleak future' without action

COP15, the once-in-decade global biodiversity summit, began in Montreal on Wednesday. Ahead of the conference, ITV News spoke to one of the world's most famous and inspiring conservationists, Dr Jane Goodall.

With an estimated one million plant and animal species facing extinction, the scale of the issues being grappled with by nations at COP15 in Montreal could hardly be greater.

Entire ecosystems face collapse if we do not act, so how best to overcome this challenge?

Dr Jane Goodall has spent a lifetime trying to understand, protect and educate others about the natural world. She’s witnessed devastating habitat loss but also examples of where, given time, nature returns.

She paints a dark picture of what happens if politicians fail to rise to the occasion, saying the “price of failure is condemning our children, our children's children, to a very, very bleak and grim future.”

Talking to ITV News in Parliament, where she was marking a significant moment in the campaign to ban trophy hunting, she explains how we need to view nature.

“I would say how important it is to realise that we are actually not separate from the natural world. We are part of it and more than that we depend on it. We depend on it for food, water, everything," she said.

"We depend on healthy ecosystems. An ecosystem is made up of an interrelated mix of animal and plant species living in that ecosystem. And as more and more animals and plants become extinct in that area, so the ecosystem eventually will collapse.”

Decades of witnessing animals, such as primates, up close has forged her understanding of our world. It was notable in a room full of animal welfare campaigners just how quiet it was when she spoke.

In Montreal, the world faces a choice but it’s complicated. Delivering change includes finding a way of maintaining wealth. Making people poorer while saving plants and animals won’t work, but Dr Jane Goodall sees options that will.

She concluded: “We need nature for our own physical and psychological well-being. That's proven again and again. We must not let these ecosystems collapse, we have this window of time, we have the tools, we know how we can do things. But will we?”

Want a quick and expert briefing on the biggest news stories? Listen to our latest podcasts to find out What You Need To Know

Goodall encourages young people not to lose hope in the face of environmental challenges, saying that there is still a window of time to act.

At the Proctor & Gamble 2022 summit on regional sustainability, what did Dr. Jane Goodall emphasize?

What does Dr. Goodall hope the Jane Goodall Barbie doll will encourage?

She is aware that young people today are surrounded by “doom and gloom” but stresses the importance of hope and positive action.

Title:

Content: Jane Goodall wants University of Wisconsin-Madison students to walk away with one message Sunday: Do not give up hope.

It’s a strategy the world-renowned ethologist and conservationist has found effective in spurring action, even as headlines catastrophizing climate change inundate people with a sense of doom.

“I don't agree with scientists who say the tipping point has already reached the point of no return with climate change and loss of biodiversity,” Goodall told the Cap Times. “We still have a window of time. But if we lose hope, fall into apathy and don't take action, then we're doomed.”

Goodall is best known for her groundbreaking work in the early ‘60s as a primatologist. At 26, she began studying chimpanzees in Tanzania, becoming the first to observe that the animals make and use tools. Now part of the world’s longest-running study of wild chimpanzees, her findings have forever changed scientific understanding of primates and humans’ relationship to them.

Goodall’s legacy also endures through her activism. In 1977, she founded the Jane Goodall Institute, a global conservation nonprofit. One of the organization’s programs, Roots & Shoots, educates young people in over 60 countries to work on environmental, conservation and humanitarian issues.

In 2021, Goodall additionally published “The Book of Hope: A Survival Guide for Trying Times,” which details her hope in the world’s ability to make change despite its environmental challenges.

Goodall will speak Sunday at 7 p.m. in UW-Madison’s Memorial Union for the Wisconsin Union’s Distinguished Lecture Series. Tickets for the event sold out among students within 90 minutes, but the public can still register to watch the online livestream.

In a virtual interview with the Cap Times, Goodall spoke from the Edgewater Hotel about climate deniers, how she remains optimistic and what the audience can expect from her on Sunday.

Will you have time to explore Madison this weekend, or will you mostly be working?

It’s all working. Not mostly — all. But the hotel has a lovely view overlooking the lake with all the ice. My life turns out to be work, meeting lovely people and just having an occasional moment to walk in a bit of nature.

What can people expect to learn from you on Sunday?

I hope they take away the message that every single one of them makes a difference every single day of their lives, and they can choose what sort of difference they make. I think that’s the most important message that anybody can have — that they, as an individual, matter and have a role to play.

Your platform revolves around this message of hope. What might be the harm in catastrophizing?

It makes people lose hope. If you’re told that nothing you can do will avert the planet heating up to a point where life is no longer possible and that we’re destroying the ecosystems on which we depend, then why bother doing anything?

The important thing is to realize we still have time, but we have to take action. We have to each do our bit. It may seem small, but billions of small, ethical actions make change.

Much of your work focuses on involving young people within conservation efforts. What inspires you about the attitudes of younger generations toward animals and the environment?

They are much more aware, which isn’t surprising. When I was young, "environmentalism" wasn’t even a word.

Young people are surrounded by doom and gloom. The radio’s full of it, the internet's full of it, the television's full of it, the press is full of it, and so they're much more aware. Fortunately, there are enough people saying it's not too late, and that inspires them and galvanizes them into action.

Do you think those attitudes are much different from older generations?

They are different because older generations either didn't understand what was happening because of ignorance, or they don't want to understand because they want to carry on with business as usual. They want to go on making money in the short term at the expense of future generations.

Sometimes I don’t think they’re thinking like that. I don't think they're deliberately understanding that they're harming the future for their children and grandchildren. But they're simply not thinking in the way that we should be thinking today.

Is it still worth trying to change their minds?

Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes! How to change the minds of the older people? Through storytelling, not through pointing fingers, not through making people angry, not by telling them they're bad, but by reaching into the heart. I’ll give you one example.

This CEO of a huge international corporation told me he was working to get his company ethical for three reasons. One, because we're using our nature's finite natural resources faster than nature can replenish them. Second, consumer pressure — people are beginning to demand ethically produced products.

But what really tipped the balance, he said, was his little girl of 8. She came back from school one day and said, “Daddy, they're telling me that what you're doing is hurting the planet. That's not true, is it, Daddy? Because it's my planet.” That reached his heart. That's the way you change people.

When did you realize this approach of storytelling could persuade people?

I think it was probably part of my nature. I'm not confrontational. I'm fighting for change, yes, but not by confronting. People must change from within. I don't believe you can change them by hammering them with facts that they don't want to listen to.

When I first went to the medical research labs where the scientists kept chimps in 5-foot by 5-foot cages, it was one of the worst experiences of my life. I came out shaken, trying not to cry. I was taken into a room with the top people from the National Institute of Health in the department of animal experimentation. I realized they were waiting for me to speak.

I said, “I imagine all of you are caring and compassionate people, and maybe feel just as I did about what's going on in there.” When you think of it, that was very clever. They couldn’t admit they weren’t caring and compassionate, could they?

Instead of telling them they were bad people, I showed them pictures of the chimpanzees in the wild, making their nests, playing, lying around. In their minds, they could contrast it with the cages where these very social beings were kept for 30 to 40 years. I know it did get into some of their hearts because they told me so. It made some labs completely change the way that they operated.

When you meet somebody, or a group of people, you may not realize that you've made a difference — but you may have planted seeds that will grow and cause change in some of the hearts.

What mistakes did you make early on in your career that emerging activists and young people can learn from?

I was saved from making mistakes in the early days. Before I went to Africa to study chimps, I was working at London Zoo. The chimps were in terrible conditions. So when I got back from my first stint in Africa, the zoo arranged a press conference. I thought now I could really tell the world how bad the chimps were treated!

I happened to be having dinner that night with a very powerful man that I met in Tanzania, and I told him about my plan with great excitement. There was dead silence. He said, “Do you realize that the head of the London Zoo is Solly Zuckerman, Winston Churchill's wartime adviser? A very, very powerful man. Do you think he's going to take it lying down when you criticize his zoo?”

He said, “Just tell me three things that are the most important to change.” I told him, and within two weeks, they were all done. There was no confrontation. That was a lesson that came just in time for me not to make that mistake.

So it’s about activists getting rid of their own personal egos.

Exactly. What people want is to have their name out there and to say, “I did it. I changed this.” It’s learning to not want to be recognized for change. The main thing is to make the change. Not “me” making the change.

This powerful man obviously didn't want me to say that the chimps were being treated badly. He immediately agreed, but didn’t want it out in the press. Give Solly Zuckerman the credit. That’s fine — as long as it changes.

This is a lesson I talk about with our youth. I tell them not to be confrontational. Your goal: Is it to glorify yourself? To be the champion? Or do you really want change?

What do people still not understand about your work and its relevance today?

Climate change deniers, people who don’t want to make a difference, probably don’t understand. What they really think is hard to tell. But are there really people who deny that climate change is happening? Probably not. When they admit it’s real, they say it’s natural and that it’s not manmade. Do they really believe that? I can’t believe they do — but that’s what they say. They don’t want to lose face, and making people lose face isn’t a good way to make change.

What makes you think they don’t really believe what they’re saying?

Well, I can't think of anybody with any ounce of intelligence could believe it. That's why.

How often do you come across those kinds of people?

Not very often. They tend to avoid me.

Kayla Huynh joined the Cap Times in 2021 and covers higher education. She graduated from Northwestern University with a master's degree in journalism after attending UW-Madison.

Support Kayla's work and local journalism by becoming a Cap Times member.

To comment on this story, submit a letter to the editor.

At the Proctor & Gamble 2022 summit on regional sustainability, what did Dr. Jane Goodall emphasize?

What does Dr. Goodall hope the Jane Goodall Barbie doll will encourage?

Why did Dr. Goodall found Roots & Shoots?

She met young people who felt their future was compromised

She believes the best way to change minds is through empathy and connection, not by overwhelming people with unwanted facts.

What was Dr. Goodall's approach when she spoke to the scientists at NIH regarding their holding chimps in small cages?

She treated them as caring and compassionate

Goodall creates understanding by appealing to people's compassion and personal values rather than confrontation.

Dr. Goodall received the Templeton Prize in 2021 for what reason?

integrating science with spirituality and compassion

What was Dr. Goodall's approach when she spoke to the scientists at NIH regarding their holding chimps in small cages?

She treated them as caring and compassionate

She stresses that true change comes from within and that individuals become champions for the environment through commitment.

What does Dr. Goodall hope the Jane Goodall Barbie doll will encourage?

What would letting children get close to nature help cultivate?

When addressing climate change denial, she notes that some acknowledge it but dismiss its seriousness or cause.

Title:

Content: Opinion: Let's talk about it: The power of Asheville, WNC stories in a climate crisis

Mallory McDuff
Guest Opinion

My two children have plenty of stories about growing up on a college campus in Western North Carolina in a 900-square-foot rental with views of cattle, sheep and the Blue Ridge Mountains.

There was the time they got chased by a bull after sledding in this valley. Or the year the Swannanoa River flooded and students swam into the fields to save the pigs from drowning. These stories are how my daughters, now 24 and 17, connect to this land here at Warren Wilson College where I’ve taught environmental education for more than two decades.

It turns out that storytelling may be key to building a viable future for ourselves in a climate crisis. Climate scientist Katharine Hayhoe says the most important thing we can do about the climate crisis is to talk about it. Yet 67% of people in the United States say they rarely or never discuss global warming with friends and family, although the majority are concerned about it.

I wanted to do my small part to change that narrative: I spent a year researching 50 women — one from each state in the U.S. — who are leading on climate justice. What I discovered was that these stories reflected collaborative leadership, connecting me to a climate movement larger than myself.

More:Opinion: 18-year-olds to Chuck Edwards: We demand action on climate change, gun violence

More:Opinion: Spring in Asheville time to reflect on plants: 'Amazing time to be a botanist'

For starters, it’s important to establish the scientific basis for the impact of storytelling on our brains. In functional MRI scans, areas of the brain light up when we listen to stories, which help us to see a situation from different perspectives. This seems important since climate change has become so politicized in this country. The women I interviewed are working in partnership with others in community: They were farmers, poets, students, scientists, Indigenous organizers, filmmakers, attorneys and more.

In North Carolina, filmmaker Dayna Reggero started the Climate Listening Project as a way to hear from people directly impacted by the changing climate. In her film, “Planet Prescription,” she documented the intersectionality of the climate crisis, air pollution, and our health care system. The American Lung Association estimates 150 million people, nearly half the U.S. population, breathe polluted air that contributes to chronic heart and lung disease. Government subsidies of the fossil fuel industry exacerbate our health challenges. During a virtual screening of the film, Reggero shared that her own father had died of COVID-19. The doctors, nurses and health care professionals whom she’d interviewed nodded in deep compassion.

Another storyteller, Anna Jane Joyner, started Good Energy to influence the film and TV industry to include relevant and accurate storylines about climate. She used to work for the Creation Care Alliance in Western North Carolina, and she’s now based on the Alabama Gulf Coast, ground zero for increasingly severe hurricanes.

More:Editor: Open call for women to share their voices, during Women's History Month and always

“It feels strange that we’ve gone through the worst fire season and hurricane season, but none of that complex reality is reflected in our film and TV shows,” she told me. “We need intimate, human stories about the climate because that’s what we’re experiencing—that’s the scale.”

She helped commission a study that showed only 2.8% of scripted TV shows or films from 2016-2020 mentioned climate change or related keywords like sea level rise. Good Energy aims to increase that number to 50 percent by 2025, especially with the publication of the resource Good Energy: A Playbook for Screenwriting in the Age of Climate Change.

Documenting these stories — from Indigenous leaders in Alaska like Bernadette Demientieff to Black farmers in Kentucky like Tiffany Bellfield-El-Amin — allowed me to see the power of stories in my life. In my classes, I often share stories of former students such as Lakyla Hodges, the equity and education manager for Southern Appalachian Highlands Conservancy. She’s working to grow youth education through diverse afterschool and camp programs.

“You are a part of something larger than yourselves,” I tell my classes. But researching these 50 women made me see my words in action. I know 100 companies are responsible for 71% of global greenhouse gas emissions. But these stories reminded me how individual actions in collective generate momentum.

My students are part of that story, as they care for the cattle and sheep in the pastures and harvest food in the garden. We can’t imagine a vibrant future if we don’t first talk about it. The urgent change we need can start with a climate conversation — let’s begin right now.

Mallory McDuff teaches at Warren Wilson College and is the author of Love Your Mother: 50 states, 50 stories, and 50 Women United for Climate Justice.

She wants future stewards of the ocean and environment to fall in love with and care for nature.

Title:

Content: Earth to Us

Meet the Miami-Based Artist Devoted to Coral Conservation

On a crisp November afternoon, Brazilian artist and marine researcher Beatriz Chachamovits stands before a group of eager children at the Jewish Community Center in Davie, Florida. When she begins by asking, “Does anyone know what a coral is?”, 25 voices chorus back countless answers. Chachamovits smiles, and it’s clear she’s in her element.

This marine-ecology lesson and coral-sculpting workshop is part of Chachamovits’s initiative Modeling the Reef, a public education project for young children in South Florida designed to create awareness around coral-reef conservation. “I want the future stewards of the ocean to fall in love with it,” she tells Vogue.

Coral reefs are one of the most biodiverse ecosystems on earth. They’ve been on the planet for an estimated 500 million years. And though they only make up 1% of the ocean, they’re home to 25% of all known marine species, including turtles, octopuses, lobsters, oysters, sea stars, and thousands of variegated fish. Reefs are essential coastal barriers that provide protection from land erosion, floods, and storms. They are valuable sources of food, medicine, economic support, and cultural heritage to more than a billion people. Yet the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration predicts that by 2050 most coral reefs around the world will be close to gone.

Growing up in landlocked São Paulo, Chachamovits didn’t have much access to the ocean during her childhood. It wasn’t until her late- teenage years, during a trip to Bahía, a coastal state in northeastern Brazil, that she first encountered corals up close. “I remember I dove into a tiny underwater cave where the light came in beautifully, making corals of all colors and sizes shimmer,” Chachamovits recalls. “There were small schools of fish and miniature shrimps gathering sea dust. Within the glittering sand, there was a magnificent spotted ray and all sorts of creatures swaying from side to side. I had never witnessed such harmony and precision. At that moment, I realized that was my purpose. I thought, Why isn’t anyone talking about this? I felt transformed.”

Now, the Miami-based artist has devoted her career to educating others about the urgent issues related to coral-reef decline by translating scientific studies into gorgeous artworks. Through breathtaking drawings, sculptures, and installations, Chachamovits illuminates many of the dangers coral reefs confront today, including coral bleaching, plastic pollution, and ocean acidification. “Art is a powerful instrument to make others feel something, to make them care. And I’m interested in creating dry dives as a way of showing a veiled ecosystem that most people don’t have access to,” she explains.

One of her most celebrated artworks, Carcass (2020), is an entirely handmade ceramic piece that features pure white endangered coral species surrounded by camouflaged toothbrushes, water bottles, and other items of trash made from the same material. Despite its undeniable beauty, the mesmerizing milky sculpture conjures feelings of sadness as it illustrates coral bleaching, a devastating phenomenon that has affected more than 75% of the world’s reefs and has been harsh enough to kill 30% of them.

“People often think corals are minerals or plants,” Chachamovits says. “They have no idea that corals are animals.” In fact, she goes on to clarify, corals are colonial organisms composed of thousands of individual animals called polyps. Tropical corals, which live in shallow waters and make up barrier reefs, have a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae algae that live on their tissues, providing food, oxygen, and extraordinary bright colors. In return, corals supply the algae with the environment they need to thrive.

Rising water temperatures due to global warming have deeply affected this relationship by causing severe stress in corals. “When corals are stressed, algae create toxins instead of food, which makes corals expel them out of their tissue. What is left is transparent tissue that reveals their calcareous bones. And that loss of color is what we know as bleaching,” Chachamovits explains. Studies have shown that stabilizing water temperatures could reverse some cases of bleaching. But without algae, corals lose their main source of food and oxygen, become susceptible to disease, and eventually die.

Bleaching is not the only threat coral reefs currently face. To Kill With Water (2017), another piece by Chachamovits, features a series of coral clay figures within water-filled acrylic tanks that, over time, melt before the viewer’s eyes. This work illustrates ocean acidification—a destabilization of the ocean’s pH caused by excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere—and demonstrates the effects of CO2 pollution on ocean creatures who, like most corals, require calcium to build their shells and skeletons.

In 2018, Chachamovits moved to Florida to be closer to the third-largest barrier reef in the world. It goes on for more than 360 miles, stretching from Dry Tortugas National Park in Key West to the St. Lucie Inlet in Martin County. This ecosystem, teeming with underwater wonders, is home to around 1,400 species, though today most of the reef is at grave risk due to overfishing, climate change, rapid development, and disease. Chachamovits is currently working on a permanent piece for the Phillip and Patricia Frost Museum of Science that will illustrate the changes between a healthy and a struggling reef and highlight endangered species of Florida’s ecosystem, including many the Frost’s Coral Lab is currently working to protect. The artwork is set to be revealed in early 2022.

Chachamovits is intent on effectively using art as an instrument for change. “I always worry if what I’m doing is enough,” she says. The increased threats to coral often fill her with worry and hopelessness. Yet she believes these feelings propel her to create more and better work that has a tangible effect on marine conservation. Beyond stoking awareness and action from her viewers, Chachamovits’s artificial reef sculptures have played a part in rebuilding damaged reefs.

Since 2019, when she created her first artificial reef, To Replenish With Water, for the Underwater Museum of Art in Florida, she has been enamored with these human-made structures meant to be placed under the ocean to mirror actual coral reef environments. “Artificial reefs perform a crucial role in deflating tourism on natural reefs. They provide new structures for corals to attach to and grow, they generate nursing spaces and new homes for reef animals, and help control sea levels in coral depleted areas,” she explains. Though they are highly expensive to make and entail numerous permits to be deployed underwater, Chachamovits’s goal is to share the power of these installations with new generations. She is currently fundraising for the final phase of her Modeling the Reef initiative to result in a large-scale reef model, using pieces created by her students. The installation will ultimately sit at the bottom of the ocean and serve as an artificial base for real coral growth.

Despite the devastating reality corals face today, Chachamovits’s work with young students is one thing that helps her believe in a better future. “Teaching is one of my gifts,” she says. “By teaching, we can inspire younger generations to understand the problems they’re living in today. We are in uncharted territories, so as an environmental artist and a concerned human for our planet, teaching is one of the things I can do to give us a chance.”

What would letting children get close to nature help cultivate?

Goodall values creative ways to teach about ecosystems, such as “dry dives” to reveal hidden aspects of the natural world.

What does Dr. Goodall hope the Jane Goodall Barbie doll will encourage?

She sees teaching as one of her gifts for inspiring action on conservation.

Dr. Goodall believed what steps would slow population growth?

What would letting children get close to nature help cultivate?

Projects like community-based water quality monitoring connect students and volunteers to environmental stewardship.

Title:

Content: Leonardtown, Maryland – In an effort to address the need for accessible and cost-effective water quality monitoring in the Chesapeake Bay, teachers and students at the Dr. James A Forrest Career and Technology Center have joined forces with community volunteers. Their collaboration aims to create inexpensive remote monitoring kits, known as Breton Observation Boxes (BOBs), funded by a grant from the Chesapeake Bay Trust.

The initiative, spearheaded by Natural Resources Management (NRM) Teacher Dorothy Birch, has the potential to revolutionize the way people perceive and care for the Bay. Birch believes that increasing awareness about water pollution challenges and the Bay’s surface water condition will encourage individuals to become more active in protecting this vital ecosystem.

The BOBs, designed and assembled by volunteer Norm O’Foran with assistance from the school’s Engineering teacher and students, incorporate microprocessor technology and cost approximately $800 each. In contrast, comparable equipment typically sells for over $20,000. These kits can measure various parameters, including air temperature, humidity, water temperature at the surface and bottom, dissolved oxygen, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, and salinity.

During student field trips in late May, several BOBs were recently deployed in the Breton Bay watershed. Birch expressed her hope that BOBs would one day be present on docks worldwide, highlighting the potential impact of this innovative approach to water monitoring.

The BOBs are recording live data every 10 minutes, providing valuable insights into the water quality of the Chesapeake Bay. The data can be accessed through the following link: https://bit.ly/BOBswaterobs.

The inception of this project occurred when Norm O’Foran and his wife, Shelly, relocated to St. Mary’s County, Maryland, a few years ago. Determined to contribute to the health of the Bay, Norm, a trained horticulturist, initially focused on the lack of submerged aquatic vegetation. However, he soon recognized the need for more comprehensive water quality monitoring that didn’t require costly boating and hand sampling. Leveraging Internet of Things (IoT) makerspace microprocessors, he embarked on developing an affordable solution.

Recognizing the educational potential of the project, Shelly, a retired teacher from Loudoun County, Virginia, envisioned a project-based curriculum that would raise awareness among high school students and enable them to educate the public about water quality issues. Dorothy Birch joined forces with the couple, and together they applied for and received a $5,000 Youth Environmental Education Grant from the Chesapeake Bay Trust for the 2022-2023 school year. The grant funds the necessary supplies to construct the BOB kits.

Grace Anderson, one of the students involved in the project, emphasized the goal of making water quality testing easier and data more accessible while simultaneously raising awareness about the Chesapeake Bay’s condition and the importance of safeguarding its inhabitants.

The project has primarily been led by Dorothy Birch’s NRM students, with support from teenagers in Engineering, Graphic Communications, and the Teacher Academy. These students have gained valuable skills through lessons on microprocessor prototyping, solar panel soldering, branding and marketing, and designing project-based learning activities for other Environmental Science teachers.

The collaborative nature of the project has been a standout feature for many students. Lola Gaytan, a participant in the initiative, expressed her appreciation for the interconnected involvement of different classes, highlighting the support and guidance available throughout the process.

In addition to gaining knowledge about water quality, students have developed essential soft skills such as collaboration and teamwork. Jasper Dichter, another student involved in the project, acknowledged the patience and professionalism required for successful completion, noting the positive impact on the community.

Under the guidance of Dorothy Birch, the NRM students have delved into various aspects of water quality, including instrument calibration, troubleshooting a prototype issue, data analysis at the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory (CBL) in Solomons Island, and ultimately placing the BOBs in the watershed. They have actively monitored and analyzed the collected data, presented their findings at a Commissioners of Leonardtown meeting, designed a website, and created marketing materials to promote their project.

The project has deepened students’ understanding of water quality and instilled a sense of ownership and responsibility for the local waters. Birch expressed her delight in witnessing the students’ growth in problem-solving skills and their heightened connection to the Bay.

As for the accuracy of the data collected by the BOBs, Norm O’Foran acknowledges that there is room for improvement. When comparing the BOBs’ data to that collected by professional instrumentation on the CBL pier, he recognizes the need to enhance the accuracy of their measurements. However, he emphasizes that if the process were as simple as deploying an $800 kit and obtaining data comparable to the $40,000 solution, it would have been accomplished long before now.

The affordable and accessible nature of the BOBs has the potential to transform water quality monitoring not only in the Chesapeake Bay but also in other water bodies globally. With their low cost and ease of use, these kits could revolutionize how communities approach water monitoring, empowering individuals to preserve and protect their local ecosystems actively.

The project’s success can be attributed to the collaboration between teachers, students, and community volunteers. It showcases the power of partnerships in addressing pressing environmental challenges and engaging young minds in meaningful educational experiences.

The innovative approach taken by the teachers and students at the Dr. James A Forrest Career and Technology Center serves as a shining example of how grassroots initiatives can make a significant impact. By combining technology, education, and community involvement, they provide valuable data on water quality and inspire the next generation of environmental stewards.

As the BOBs continue to collect real-time data and raise awareness about the importance of water quality, the hope is that more individuals and communities will be inspired to take action. The Chesapeake Bay and its inhabitants can look forward to a brighter and healthier future through projects like this.

For more information and to access the live data collected by the BOBs, visit

community.

Under the guidance of Dorothy Birch, the NRM students have delved into various aspects of water quality, including instrument calibration, troubleshooting a prototype issue, data analysis at the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory (CBL) in Solomons Island, and ultimately placing the BOBs in the watershed. They have actively monitored and analyzed the collected data, presented their findings at a Commissioners of Leonardtown meeting, designed a website, and created marketing materials to promote their project.

The project has not only deepened students’ understanding of water quality but has also instilled a sense of ownership and responsibility for the local waters. Birch expressed her delight in witnessing the students’ growth in problem-solving skills and their heightened connection to the Bay.

As for the accuracy of the data collected by the BOBs, Norm O’Foran acknowledges that there is room for improvement. When comparing the BOBs’ data to that collected by professional instrumentation on the CBL pier, he recognizes the need to enhance the accuracy of their measurements. However, he emphasizes that if the process were as simple as deploying an $800 kit and obtaining data comparable to the $40,000 solution, it would have been accomplished long before now.

The affordable and accessible nature of the BOBs has the potential to transform water quality monitoring not only in the Chesapeake Bay but also in other water bodies globally. With their low cost and ease of use, these kits could revolutionize the way communities approach water monitoring, empowering individuals to take an active role in preserving and protecting their local ecosystems.

The project’s success can be attributed to the collaboration between teachers, students, and community volunteers. It showcases the power of partnerships in addressing pressing environmental challenges and engaging young minds in meaningful educational experiences.

The innovative approach taken by the teachers and students at the Dr. James A Forrest Career and Technology Center serves as a shining example of how grassroots initiatives can make a significant impact. By combining technology, education, and community involvement, they provide valuable data on water quality and inspire the next generation of environmental stewards.

As the BOBs continue to collect real-time data and raise awareness about the importance of water quality, the hope is that more individuals and communities will be inspired to take action. The Chesapeake Bay and its inhabitants can look forward to a brighter and healthier future through projects like this.

For more information and to access the live data collected by the BOBs, visit https://bit.ly/BOBswaterobs.

David M. Higgins II is an award-winning journalist passionate about uncovering the truth and telling compelling stories. Born in Baltimore and raised in Southern Maryland, he has lived in several East...

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Collaboration in such projects helps students develop problem-solving skills and a deeper connection to ecosystems like the Chesapeake Bay.

What would letting children get close to nature help cultivate?


Researchers at the University of Bristol have achieved a dramatic speedup—a billion times faster than previous methods—in simulating optical quantum computers.

There are significant intermediate milestones in the quest to build useful quantum computing devices, with potential applications in clean energy and healthcare.

Progress includes advances in atom trapping using lasers as optical tweezers, simplifying research systems through tools like DDS (Direct Digital Synthesis), and employing flexible equipment such as Spectrum AWG cards, which are now popular in quantum research for their analog performance and speed.

DDS is a widely used technique for signal generation and has become an essential tool for researchers, enabling rapid progress in labs.

Studies have shown that classical computers can sometimes match or even surpass quantum computers for certain tasks, as seen in results from New York University supported by major research grants.

Recent innovations combine quantum computing with generative AI to advance drug discovery, underscoring the broad potential of the field.

IBM’s quantum initiatives are affecting demand in industrial markets, demonstrating continued corporate investment.

Intel has developed new Tunnel Falls chips to advance silicon spin qubit research; these qubits are up to one million times smaller than other qubit types, potentially leading to greater scalability.

Young scientists in the EU continue to innovate, such as competing with quantum and classical algorithms for machine learning and AI applications.

Efforts to increase diversity in STEM, particularly through programs like the EU Contest for Young Scientists (EUCYS), highlight the need for more opportunities and platforms for young researchers.

Breakthroughs also include new methods for integrating quantum dots with metasurfaces for enhanced luminescence, pointing to continued materials innovation.

Researchers at the University of Bristol have achieved a dramatic speedup—a billion times faster than previous methods—in simulating optical quantum computers.

Title:

Content: Newswise — Quantum researchers at the University of Bristol have dramatically reduced the time to simulate an optical quantum computer, with a speedup of around one billion over previous approaches.

Quantum computers promise exponential speedups for certain problems, with potential applications in areas from drug discovery to new materials for batteries. But quantum computing is still in its early stages, so these are long-term goals. Nevertheless, there are exciting intermediate milestones on the journey to building a useful device. One currently receiving a lot of attention is “quantum advantage”, where a quantum computer performs a task beyond the capabilities of even the world’s most powerful supercomputers.

Experimental work from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) was the first to claim quantum advantage using photons - particles of light, in a protocol called "Gaussian Boson Sampling" (GBS). Their paper claimed that the experiment, performed in 200 seconds, would take 600 million years to simulate on the world's largest supercomputer.

Taking up the challenge, a team at the University of Bristol’s Quantum Engineering Technology Labs (QET Labs), in collaboration with researchers at Imperial College London and Hewlett Packard Enterprise, have reduced this simulation time down to just a few months, a speedup factor of around one billion.

Their paper “The boundary for quantum advantage in Gaussian boson sampling”, published today in the journal Science Advances, comes at a time when other experimental approaches claiming quantum advantage, such as from the quantum computing team at Google, are also leading to improved classical algorithms for simulating these experiments.

Joint first author Jake Bulmer, PhD student in QET Labs, said: “There is an exciting race going on where, on one side, researchers are trying to build increasingly complex quantum computing systems which they claim cannot be simulated by conventional computers. At the same time, researchers like us are improving simulation methods so we can simulate these supposedly impossible to simulate machines!”

“As researchers develop larger scale experiments, they will look to make claims of quantum advantage relative to classical simulations. Our results will provide an essential point of comparison by which to establish the computational power of future GBS experiments,” said joint first author, Bryn Bell, Marie Curie Research Fellow at Imperial College London, now Senior Quantum Engineer at Oxford Quantum Circuits.

The team’s methods do not exploit any errors in the experiment and so one next step for the research is to combine their new methods with techniques that exploit the imperfections of the real-world experiment. This would further speed up simulation time and build a greater understanding of which areas require improvements.

“These quantum advantage experiments represent a tremendous achievement of physics and engineering. As a researcher, it is exciting to contribute to the understanding of where the computational complexity of these experiments arises. We were surprised by the magnitude of the improvements we achieved – it is not often that you can claim to find a one-billion-fold improvement!” said Jake Bulmer.

Anthony Laing, co-Director of QET Labs and an author on the work, said: “As we develop more sophisticated quantum computing technologies, this type of work is vital. It helps us understand the bar we must get over before we can begin to solve problems in clean energy and healthcare that affect us all. The work is a great example of teamwork and collaboration among researchers in the UK Quantum Computing and Simulation Hub and Hewlett Packard Enterprise.”

Further information

The Quantum Engineering Technology Labs (QET Labs) The QET Labs at the University of Bristol launched in April 2015 and encompass the activity of over 100 academics, staff and students. The aim is to maximise opportunities for new scientific discoveries that underpin engineering and technology development. The QET Labs bring together the Quantum Engineering Centre for Doctoral Training (QE-CDT), the Quantum Technology Enterprise Centre (QTEC) and the research teams of their staff and students. Working together, we aim to transform science into real concept demonstrators and entrepreneurial innovation that will be the springboard for the commercial success of quantum technologies.

Bristol Quantum Information Institute

Quantum information and its translation into technologies is one of the most exciting research activities in science and technology today. Long at the forefront of the growing worldwide activity in this area, the Bristol Quantum Information Institute crystallises our research across the entire spectrum, from theory to technology. With our expert cross-disciplinary team, including founders of the field, we have expertise in all major areas of theoretical quantum information science and in experiment. We foster partnerships with the private sector and provide superb teaching and training for the future generation of quantum scientists and engineers and the prototypes of tomorrow.

The Quantum Computing & Simulation Hub

The Quantum Computing & Simulation Hub (QCS) is a collaboration between 17 UK universities, working with an extensive network of academic, industrial, and governmental partners. It is one of four hubs in the UK National Quantum Technologies Programme, which represents £1 billion of public and private investment to accelerate the translation of quantum technologies into the marketplace. The Hub is focused on the critical research challenges for quantum computing, across a broad range of hardware and software disciplines. As well as addressing the technical challenges in providing quantum computing and simulation at scale, the Hub engages with industries, end users, government, and citizens to help the UK become ‘quantum ready’. For more information visit https://www.qcshub.org

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What advantages do quantum computers have over conventional computers?

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What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

There are significant intermediate milestones in the quest to build useful quantum computing devices, with potential applications in clean energy and healthcare.

What are important areas in quantum research?

What fields can quantum computers advance?

Progress includes advances in atom trapping using lasers as optical tweezers, simplifying research systems through tools like DDS (Direct Digital Synthesis), and employing flexible equipment such as Spectrum AWG cards, which are now popular in quantum research for their analog performance and speed.

Title:

Content: University Kaiserslautern fast tracks Quantum Computer development with new DDS firmware option

Graduate physicist Jonas Witzenrath at the quantum experimental setup of University Kaiserslautern, Germany

The acousto-optic deflector (AOD, red arrow) splits one laser beam into many controllable single beams which catch and hold the atoms

Widely used by quantum researchers around the word: The M4i.6631-x8 Arbitrary Waveform Generator with 1.25 GS/s sampling speed, 16-bit resolution and 2 channels

AWG cards by Spectrum Instrumentation used to position atoms as qubits in an optical tweezer array

Spectrum AWG cards were chosen as they are becoming the solution of choice for quantum research due to their great analogue performance paired with large memory and high transfer speed onto the card.”
— Dipl.-Phys. Jonas Witzenrath
GROSSHANSDORF, GERMANY, June 12, 2024 /EINPresswire.com/ -- There are many ways to build a Quantum Computer (QC) and RPTU Kaiserslautern’s approach within the Rymax One collaboration is to create an array of single atoms that act as qubits. The challenge is moving and holding each atom in its precise location. This is done by using a laser on each atom that traps it into the center of the laser beam effectively acting as an optical tweezer. However, point-by-point programming of each movement of the beam currently requires a lot of programming and a huge amount of data. This has now been cut dramatically with the use of the new Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) firmware option from Spectrum Instrumentation so that the position of the lasers can be controlled with a few simple commands that define the start and stop parameters instead of making time consuming, large data array calculations.

Dipl.-Phys. Jonas Witzenrath said, “This is making a huge difference to the progress of our research. Using the new DDS option, we have been able to make rapid progress and reduce the complexity in the system allowing us to focus on advancing the research. The next step is to do the reordering of atoms in a static two-dimensional array using the dynamic capabilities of the DDS-firmware." Furthermore, in the next phase, they will use the AWGs to shape ideal UV laser pulses for precisely controlling interactions between qubits.

“DDS has become a vital tool in our project and we are finding that it can actually be used in other things in the lab as it is very flexible and can be used for other functions so we don’t have to buy dedicated equipment for them. For example, pulsed lasers, chirp generation, etc. We worked very closely with Spectrum to develop this DDS feature and are now working on expanding its possible uses in research so that it can help other laboratories.”

He added that the Spectrum AWG cards were chosen as they are becoming the solution of choice for quantum research due to their great analogue performance paired with large memory and high transfer speed onto the card. The latter is crucial as the experiment has to pause until the re-ordering waveforms are computed and uploaded onto the cards. The transfer speed sets the Spectrum AWG cards apart from other products and that is the main reason why they are widely used in the AMO/QC community. The speed of the card’s operation was also very important. Fast AWGs have the intrinsic problem of latencies on the order of tens of milliseconds or large jitter which results in inaccuracies and longer processing times as the system corrects and recorrects. The DDS firmware enables Spectrum’s AWGs to generate commands within twenty microsecond and, due to the intrinsic timing, the commands are practically jitter-free.

In one example experiment, the Spectrum Instrumentation AWG card M4i.6631-x8 is used to drive an AOD (Acousto-Optic Deflector) that generates a tweezer to trap the atoms. The AOD is driven with an RF-signal with a frequency around 82 MHz. With their current setup, a change of 1 MHz moves the tweezer with an atom by about 8 μm within 100 μs, using s-shaped frequency ramps to minimize heating. During this time, the amplitude of the signal is linearly changed to compensate for changes in light intensity.

The DDS firmware option
DDS is a method for generating arbitrary periodic sine waves from a single, fixed-frequency reference clock. It is a technique widely used in a variety of signal generation applications. The new option by Spectrum Instrumentation allows users to define 23 DDS cores per AWG card, that can be routed to the hardware output channels. Each DDS core (sine wave) can be programmed for frequency, amplitude, phase, frequency slope and amplitude slope. The DDS output can be synchronized with external trigger events or by a programmable timer with a resolution of 6.4 ns.

In DDS-mode, the AWG acts as a generator for the multi-tone DDS signal. The unit’s built-in 4 GByte of memory and fast DMA transfer mode then allows the streaming of DDS commands at a rate as high as 10 million commands per second! This unique capability provides the flexibility to perform user-defined slopes (e.g. s-shaped) as well as various modulation types (e.g. FM and AM) with simple, easy-to-use, DDS commands.

The Rymax One QC design
Since 2021, Spectrum Instrumentation and the University Kaiserslautern have been part of the BMBF (German federal ministry of education and research) funding program ‘quantum technologies – from basic research to market’ as part of the Rymax One consortium. The aim of this consortium is building a Quantum Optimizer. For this purpose, individual Ytterbium atoms are suspended in a vacuum in a Rydberg state using optical tweezers. The Rymax collaboration specifically focuses on quantum optimization problems, such as the Maximum Independent Set problem, and algorithms such QAOA or quantum annealing to find solutions. This allows them to build optimized hardware for “analog” quantum computing. One key-aspect of the design is dynamic control over (UV-)laser light, for which full control over the different RF-signals is required. This is where Spectrum Instrumentation’s long-standing expertise is valuable.

Sven Harnisch
Spectrum Instrumentation
+49 4102 69560
info@spec.de
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DDS is a widely used technique for signal generation and has become an essential tool for researchers, enabling rapid progress in labs.

Studies have shown that classical computers can sometimes match or even surpass quantum computers for certain tasks, as seen in results from New York University supported by major research grants.

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Researchers show classical computers can keep up with, and surpass, their quantum counterparts

Researchers adopt innovative method to boost speed and accuracy of traditional computing

Date:
February 9, 2024
Source:
New York University
Summary:
A team of scientists has devised means for classical computing to mimic a quantum computing with far fewer resources than previously thought. The scientists' results show that classical computing can be reconfigured to perform faster and more accurate calculations than state-of-the-art quantum computers.
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Quantum computing has been hailed as a technology that can outperform classical computing in both speed and memory usage, potentially opening the way to making predictions of physical phenomena not previously possible.

Many see quantum computing's advent as marking a paradigm shift from classical, or conventional, computing. Conventional computers process information in the form of digital bits (0s and 1s), while quantum computers deploy quantum bits (qubits) to store quantum information in values between 0 and 1. Under certain conditions this ability to process and store information in qubits can be used to design quantum algorithms that drastically outperform their classical counterparts. Notably, quantum's ability to store information in values between 0 and 1 makes it difficult for classical computers to perfectly emulate quantum ones.

However, quantum computers are finicky and have a tendency to lose information. Moreover, even if information loss can be avoided, it is difficult to translate it into classical information -- which is necessary to yield a useful computation.

Classical computers suffer from neither of those two problems. Moreover, cleverly devised classical algorithms can further exploit the twin challenges of information loss and translation to mimic a quantum computer with far fewer resources than previously thought -- as recently reported in a research paper in the journal PRX Quantum.

The scientists' results show that classical computing can be reconfigured to perform faster and more accurate calculations than state-of-the-art quantum computers.

This breakthrough was achieved with an algorithm that keeps only part of the information stored in the quantum state -- and just enough to be able to accurately compute the final outcome.

"This work shows that there are many potential routes to improving computations, encompassing both classical and quantum approaches," explains Dries Sels, an assistant professor in New York University's Department of Physics and one of the paper's authors. "Moreover, our work highlights how difficult it is to achieve quantum advantage with an error-prone quantum computer."

In seeking ways to optimize classical computing, Sels and his colleagues at the Simons Foundation focused on a type of tensor network that faithfully represents the interactions between the qubits. Those types of networks have been notoriously hard to deal with, but recent advances in the field now allow these networks to be optimized with tools borrowed from statistical inference.

The authors compare the work of the algorithm to the compression of an image into a JPEG file, which allows large images to be stored using less space by eliminating information with barely perceivable loss in the quality of the image.

"Choosing different structures for the tensor network corresponds to choosing different forms of compression, like different formats for your image," says the Flatiron Institute's Joseph Tindall, who led the project. "We are successfully developing tools for working with a wide range of different tensor networks. This work reflects that, and we are confident that we will soon be raising the bar for quantum computing even further."

The work was supported by the Flatiron Institute and a grant from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-21-1-0236).

Story Source:

Materials provided by New York University. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Journal Reference:

  1. Joseph Tindall, Matthew Fishman, E. Miles Stoudenmire, Dries Sels. Efficient Tensor Network Simulation of IBM’s Eagle Kicked Ising Experiment. PRX Quantum, 2024; 5 (1) DOI: 10.1103/PRXQuantum.5.010308

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New York University. "Researchers show classical computers can keep up with, and surpass, their quantum counterparts." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 9 February 2024. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/02/240209134402.htm>.
New York University. (2024, February 9). Researchers show classical computers can keep up with, and surpass, their quantum counterparts. ScienceDaily. Retrieved February 9, 2024 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/02/240209134402.htm
New York University. "Researchers show classical computers can keep up with, and surpass, their quantum counterparts." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/02/240209134402.htm (accessed February 9, 2024).

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Recent innovations combine quantum computing with generative AI to advance drug discovery, underscoring the broad potential of the field.

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Study combines quantum computing and generative AI for drug discovery

Insilico Medicine, a clinical stage generative artificial intelligence (AI)-driven drug discovery company, today announced that it combined two rapidly developing technologies, quantum computing and generative AI, to explore lead candidate discovery in drug development and successfully demonstrated the potential advantages of quantum generative adversarial networks in generative chemistry.

The study, published in the Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, was led by Insilico's Taiwan and UAE centers which focus on pioneering and constructing breakthrough methods and engines with rapidly developing technologies—including generative AI and —to accelerate drug discovery and development.

The research was supported by University of Toronto Acceleration Consortium director Alán Aspuru-Guzik, Ph.D., and scientists from the Hon Hai (Foxconn) Research Institute.

"This was a very fun project," said Alán Aspuru-Guzik, director of the Acceleration Consortium and professor of computer science and chemistry at the University of Toronto. "It sets the stage for further developments in AI as it meets drug discovery. This is a global collaboration where Foxconn, Insilico, Zapata Computing, and University of Toronto are working together."

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are one of the most successful generative models in drug discovery and design and have shown remarkable results for generating data that mimics a data distribution in different tasks. The classic GAN model consists of a generator and a discriminator. The generator takes random noises as input and tries to imitate the data distribution, and the discriminator tries to distinguish between the fake and real samples. A GAN is trained until the discriminator cannot distinguish the generated data from the real data.

In this paper, researchers explored the quantum advantage in small molecule drug discovery by substituting each part of MolGAN, an implicit GAN for small molecular graphs, with a variational quantum circuit (VQC), step by step, including as the noise generator, generator with the patch method, and quantum discriminator, comparing its performance with the classical counterpart.

The study not only demonstrated that the trained quantum GANs can generate training-set-like molecules by using the VQC as the noise generator, but that the quantum generator outperforms the classical GAN in the drug properties of generated compounds and the goal-directed benchmark.

In addition, the study showed that the quantum discriminator of GAN with only tens of learnable parameters can generate valid molecules and outperforms the classical counterpart with tens of thousands parameters in terms of generated molecule properties and KL-divergence score.

"Quantum computing is recognized as the next technology breakthrough which will make a great impact, and the is believed to be among the first wave of industries benefiting from the advancement," said Jimmy Yen-Chu Lin, Ph.D., GM of Insilico Medicine Taiwan and corresponding author of the paper. "This paper demonstrates Insilico's first footprint in quantum computing with AI in molecular generation, underscoring our vision in the field."

Building on these findings, Insilico scientists plan to integrate the hybrid quantum GAN model into Chemistry42, the Company's proprietary small molecule generation engine, to further accelerate and improve its AI-driven and development process.

Insilico was one of the first to use GANs in de novo molecular design, and published the first paper in this field in 2016. The Company has delivered 11 preclinical candidates by GAN-based generative AI models and its lead program has been validated in Phase I clinical trials.

"I am proud of the positive results our quantum computing team has achieved through their efforts and innovation," said Alex Zhavoronkov, Ph.D., founder and CEO of Insilico Medicine. "I believe this is the first small step in our journey. We are currently working on a breakthrough experiment with a real quantum computer for chemistry and look forward to sharing Insilico's best practices with industry and academia."

More information: Po-Yu Kao et al, Exploring the Advantages of Quantum Generative Adversarial Networks in Generative Chemistry, Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling (2023). DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00562

The data acquisition code and source codes associated with this study are publicly available at: github.com/pykao/QuantumMolGAN-PyTorch

Provided by Insilico Medicine

Citation: Study combines quantum computing and generative AI for drug discovery (2023, May 19) retrieved 19 May 2023 from https://phys.org/news/2023-05-combines-quantum-generative-ai-drug.html
This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.

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What fields can quantum computers advance?

IBM’s quantum initiatives are affecting demand in industrial markets, demonstrating continued corporate investment.

Title:

Content: IBM’s Quantum Computing Moves Could Put Industrial Space in Demand

IBM's quantum computing advancements and industrial collaborations are set to boost demand for specialized industrial spaces, transforming sectors like materials science and supply chain logistics.

IBM’s aggressive expansion in quantum computing is set to significantly impact various industries, potentially increasing the demand for industrial space. The company has been at the forefront of quantum research and development, advancing both its hardware and software capabilities. IBM’s recent developments in their Qiskit software stack, which includes over 100 updates, are aimed at enhancing the performance and usability of quantum circuits. These advancements are crucial for the optimization and execution of quantum algorithms, making them more accessible and practical for industrial applications.

Key Partnerships and Industrial Applications

IBM has partnered with major industry players to explore practical applications of quantum computing. For instance, Bosch has joined forces with IBM to utilize quantum computing for materials science research. This collaboration aims to develop new materials for applications such as electromobility and renewable energy, areas where classical computers fall short. The potential to design materials with higher energy efficiency and reduced resource consumption could revolutionize these sectors.

Impact on Supply Chain and Logistics

Quantum computing is poised to transform supply chain management by enhancing modeling capabilities. The complexity of supply chain models, which involve numerous variables, can be better managed with quantum computing. This technology promises to optimize logistics, improve data sharing security, and facilitate digital twin simulations. IBM’s quantum advancements could thus lead to more efficient and resilient supply chains, further driving the demand for industrial space to house these advanced computing facilities.

The Future of Quantum Computing

IBM’s roadmap includes the development of a 4,000-qubit system by 2025, which underscores the company’s commitment to scaling quantum computing capabilities. This modular architecture will enable the integration of quantum and classical computing resources, opening new frontiers in high-performance computing. As these systems become operational, industries will increasingly require specialized facilities to host and manage these advanced quantum computers, driving a surge in demand for industrial real estate.

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Vishal’s reviews provide a comprehensive look at the latest software and apps in the market. His hands-on approach and detailed analysis help readers make informed decisions about the tools they use daily.

What companies are leading in developing quantum computing?

Intel has developed new Tunnel Falls chips to advance silicon spin qubit research; these qubits are up to one million times smaller than other qubit types, potentially leading to greater scalability.

Title:

Content: Intel's New Chip to Advance Silicon Spin Qubit Research for Quantum Computing

52 minutes ago

What’s New: Today, Intel announced the release of its newest quantum research chip, Tunnel Falls, a 12-qubit silicon chip, and it is making the chip available to the quantum research community. In addition, Intel is collaborating with the Laboratory for Physical Sciences (LPS) at the University of Maryland, College Park’s Qubit Collaboratory (LQC), a national-level Quantum Information Sciences (QIS) Research Center, to advance quantum computing research.

This press release features multimedia. View the full release here: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20230615304303/en/

A photo shows one of Intel's Tunnel Falls chips on a human finger to display its scale. Silicon spin qubits are up to 1 million times smaller than other qubit types. The Tunnel Falls chip measures approximately 50-nanometers square, potentially allowing for faster scaling. (Credit: Intel Corporation)

“Tunnel Falls is Intel’s most advanced silicon spin qubit chip to date and draws upon the company’s decades of transistor design and manufacturing expertise. The release of the new chip is the next step in Intel’s long-term strategy to build a full-stack commercial quantum computing system. While there are still fundamental questions and challenges that must be solved along the path to a fault-tolerant quantum computer, the academic community can now explore this technology and accelerate research development.”
–Jim Clarke, director of Quantum Hardware, Intel

Why It Matters: Currently, academic institutions don’t have high-volume manufacturing fabrication equipment like Intel. With Tunnel Falls, researchers can immediately begin working on experiments and research instead of trying to fabricate their own devices. As a result, a wider range of experiments become possible, including learning more about the fundamentals of qubits and quantum dots and developing new techniques for working with devices with multiple qubits.

To further address this, Intel is collaborating with LQC as part of the Qubits for Computing Foundry (QCF) program through the U.S. Army Research Office to provide Intel’s new quantum chip to research laboratories. The collaboration with LQC will help democratize silicon spin qubits by enabling researchers to gain hands-on experience working with scaled arrays of these qubits. The initiative aims to strengthen workforce development, open the doors to new quantum research and grow the overall quantum ecosystem.

The first quantum labs to participate in the program include LPS, Sandia National Laboratories, the University of Rochester, and the University of Wisconsin-Madison. LQC will work alongside Intel to make Tunnel Falls available to additional universities and research labs. The information gathered from these experiments will be shared with the community to advance quantum research and to help Intel improve qubit performance and scalability.

“The LPS Qubit Collaboratory, in partnership with the Army Research Office, seeks to tackle the hard challenges facing qubit development and develop the next generation of scientists who will create the qubits of tomorrow,” said Charles Tahan, chief of Quantum Information Science, LPS. “Intel’s participation is a major milestone to democratizing the exploration of spin qubits and their promise for quantum information processing and exemplifies LQC’s mission to bring industry, academia, national labs, and government together.”

Dr. Dwight Luhman, distinguished member of Technical Staff at Sandia National Laboratories, said, “Sandia National Laboratories is excited to be a recipient of the Tunnel Falls chip. The device is a flexible platform enabling quantum researchers at Sandia to directly compare different qubit encodings and develop new qubit operation modes, which was not possible for us previously. This level of sophistication allows us to innovate novel quantum operations and algorithms in the multi-qubit regime and accelerate our learning rate in silicon-based quantum systems. The anticipated reliability of Tunnel Falls will also allow Sandia to rapidly onboard and train new staff working in silicon qubit technologies.“

Mark A. Eriksson, department chair and John Bardeen Professor of Physics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, said, “UW-Madison researchers, with two decades of investment in the development of silicon qubits, are very excited to partner in the launch of the LQC. The opportunity for students to work with industrial devices, which benefit from Intel’s microelectronics expertise and infrastructure, opens important opportunities both for technical advances and for education and workforce development.”

About Tunnel Falls: Tunnel Falls is Intel’s first silicon spin qubit device released to the research community. Fabricated on 300-millimeter wafers in the D1 fabrication facility, the 12-qubit device leverages Intel’s most advanced transistor industrial fabrication capabilities, such as extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUV) and gate and contact processing techniques. In silicon spin qubits, information (the 0/1) is encoded in the spin (up/down) of a single electron. Each qubit device is essentially a single electron transistor, which allows Intel to fabricate it using a similar flow to that used in a standard complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) logic processing line.

Intel believes silicon spin qubits are superior to other qubit technologies because of their synergy with leading-edge transistors. Being the size of a transistor, they are up to 1 million times smaller than other qubit types measuring approximately 50 nanometers by 50 nanometers, potentially allowing for efficient scaling. According to Nature+Electronics, “Silicon may be the platform with the greatest potential to deliver scaled-up quantum computing.”

At the same time, utilizing advanced CMOS fabrication lines allows Intel to use innovative process control techniques to enable yield and performance. For example, the Tunnel Falls 12 qubit device has a 95%25+yield+rate+across+the+wafer and voltage uniformity similar to a CMOS logic process, and each wafer provides over 24,000 quantum dot devices. These 12-dot chips can form between four to 12 qubits that can be isolated and used in operations simultaneously depending on how the university or lab operates its systems.

What’s Next: Intel will continuously work to improve the performance of Tunnel Falls and integrate it into its full quantum stack with the Intel Quantum Software Development Kit (SDK). In addition, Intel is already developing its next-generation quantum chip based on Tunnel Falls; it is expected to be released in 2024. In the future, Intel plans to partner with additional research institutions globally to build the quantum ecosystem.

More Context: Intel+Labs+Quantum+Computing+Backgrounder | Intel+Labs (Press Kit) | Intel+Quantum+Researchers+Introduce+Tunnel+Falls+Silicon+Qubit+Research+Chip (Video) | Intel+Introduces+Tunnel+Falls+Silicon+Qubit+Research+Chip (Video) | Quantum+Computing+Laboratory+in+Oregon (B-Roll Video)

About Intel

Intel (Nasdaq: INTC) is an industry leader, creating world-changing technology that enables global progress and enriches lives. Inspired by Moore’s Law, we continuously work to advance the design and manufacturing of semiconductors to help address our customers’ greatest challenges. By embedding intelligence in the cloud, network, edge and every kind of computing device, we unleash the potential of data to transform business and society for the better. To learn more about Intel’s innovations, go to newsroom.intel.com and intel.com.

© Intel Corporation. Intel, the Intel logo and other Intel marks are trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries. Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.

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Young scientists in the EU continue to innovate, such as competing with quantum and classical algorithms for machine learning and AI applications.

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Content: Young scientists shine at EU contest for outstanding projects

On 19 September in Salamanca, Spain, the first-ever hybrid European Union Contest for Young Scientists (EUCYS) rewarded and celebrated the best young scientific talent that Europe has to offer.

The 32nd edition of the EUCYS Awards Ceremony was unlike any of its predecessors. Combining both 2020 and 2021 because of COVID-19, this hybrid event gathered 158 of the brightest young minds between the ages of 14 and 20 from 34 countries in Europe and abroad. A virtual space was created for the students to get to know each other and discuss their projects.

Competing either individually or as teams, the contestants presented their projects in any scientific field completely online to a panel of 25 international judges.  The most represented categories were computing (16%), engineering (15%), biology (13%), physics (13%) and the environment (11%).

In total, 50 contestants with 41 projects (2020) and 108 contestants with 73 projects (2021) competed for 18 first, second and third place prizes. This year, 21 European Union (EU) Member States participated as well as Belarus, Canada, China, Egypt, Georgia, Israel, Norway, Russia, South Korea, Switzerland, Turkey and Ukraine.

Winners

For 2020, the first prizes were awarded to:

For 2021, the first prizes were awarded to:

The six second prizes and six third prizes were awarded to projects from Belarus, Bulgaria, Canada, Czechia, Ireland, Italy, Poland, Slovakia, Switzerland and Turkey.

First place winners receive €7,000 each. All the winners share a total of €93,000 in prize money.

In addition to the cash prizes, several contestants received an all-expense-paid trip to London to attend the London International Youth Science Forum in the summer of 2022. Other prizes include stays at leading scientific organisations, such as the European Organization for Nuclear Research, the European Space Agency and the Joint Research Centre.

EUCYS truly highlights the top achievements of science students. All participants have previously won first prize in their home countries’ national science competitions. Projects must be nominated by the national organiser in each participating country.

Two top prize winners: reimagining machines

Carla Caro Villanova, a 17-year-old physics student at the University of Barcelona, Spain, wants to become a researcher in quantum physics or similar field. She earned first place for the project “Formulation and implementation of a support vector machine on D-Wave’s quantum annealer”.

Carla described the project as follows: ‘It consists of executing a machine learning algorithm in a quantum computer. Machine learning is a field of computer science in which the own algorithm “learns” from data and tries to find patterns so as to model it. For example, it can be used to classify medical data and distinguish between non-cancerous and cancerous tumours, just as I did in this project. Regarding quantum computing, I used an actual quantum annealer, which is a type of computer based on the laws of quantum physics. Quantum properties may bring many advantages and revolutionise technology in the near future. Indeed, in my own project, I compared the quantum algorithm with the classical one to assess the current performance of a quantum annealer. However, I could not prove any quantum advantage yet. Nevertheless, there is much room for improvement in the field, and I genuinely believe that quantum computers will outperform classical computers sooner than we expect.’

Carla explained what got her interested in this domain. ‘Two years ago I came across physics, specifically quantum physics, during a summer stay at the Institute of Photonic Sciences in Barcelona. It was then that I knew I wanted to do research in this field for a living. I kept on studying quantum mechanics on my own and contacted the research group Barcelona Supercomputing Center, who gave me more resources to pursue my project.’

Women in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) are underrepresented. How can we get more young women to choose STEM fields? ‘I believe young women should be encouraged to get involved in STEM from a very early age without making a distinction between them and their male counterparts,’ said Carla. ‘It is very important to give visibility to women in science and recognise their work so as to inspire and encourage them. They have the same capacity to reach their goals in research.’

She thinks the EUCYS award can be a stepping stone. ‘Given that it came from a globally renowned competition, I believe and hope it will open the door to other opportunities in the future.’

Viktor Stilianov Kolev, an 18-year-old Bulgarian student at Stanford University, United States, hopes to pursue mathematics and computer science, with a focus on artificial intelligence (AI). He earned first place for the project “Neural Abstract Reasoner”.

Viktor explained the project in practical terms: ‘Current AI systems can help us identify objects on the road or translate text. However, what they lack are notions like “cause and effect”, or concepts such as “object” or “action”. For AI to be interpretable, explainable, human-centric and transparent, it needs to be as similar as possible to human thought. So we need it to learn some “core knowledge”, the ideas that make us intelligent. In my project, we combined the most novel interdisciplinary approaches, ranging from engineering feats in fast hardware computation to a variety of AI techniques, theoretic statistical analysis and approximation theory. This was done to derive a package solution for training AI that sets a new state of the art for a data set of logical puzzles, similar to an IQ test.’

Viktor’s motivation for pursuing the project goes back many years. ‘Back in second grade, I participated in my first mathematics competition, where I had to solve a set of logical problems. When I came across the Abstraction and Reasoning Challenge in my project, it immediately clicked with me that these problems are not too different from the ones I was trying to solve back then – only now I had to do it with AI. Furthermore, it is a wonderfully rewarding intellectual task to ask yourself questions like “What is the quintessential human knowledge?”, or “What makes human thought intelligent?”. And then it is an equally rewarding engineering feat to actually implement these ideas in the context of AI.’

Attracting more young people to science is a question of opportunity, says Viktor. ‘Science is an ultimate form of formalised curiosity, which is an all too human trait. Therefore, people, especially young people, have an intrinsic drive for science. We only need to present the opportunity for them to follow this drive. In practice, this means more and more widespread initiatives such as EUCYS, more initiatives that make active research accessible, both in STEM and the humanities.’

He believes the EUCYS award will be instrumental in both his education and career ambition. ‘I feel empowered to continue doing research during my undergraduate and graduate education, and to pursue a career in academia. Going even further and beyond myself, I hope to empower others to follow their curiosity, to get involved in research. And I hope that EUCYS serves as a platform for young minds to share and exchange ideas.’

 About EUCYS

Set up in 1989 to promote the ideals of cooperation and information exchange between young scientists, EUCYS rewards and celebrates Europe’s finest in STEM.

This year’s edition was jointly organised by the European Commission and host University of Salamanca, Spain’s oldest institution of higher education.

EUCYS is co-funded under Horizon 2020

More info

EUCYS2020/2021 video

European Union Contest for Young Scientists (EUCYS)
EUCYS2020/2021 website
Projects (including videos and posters)
Winners
Press release

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What countries and blocs are leading in developing quantum computing?

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Efforts to increase diversity in STEM, particularly through programs like the EU Contest for Young Scientists (EUCYS), highlight the need for more opportunities and platforms for young researchers.

Breakthroughs also include new methods for integrating quantum dots with metasurfaces for enhanced luminescence, pointing to continued materials innovation.

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New method integrates quantum dots with metasurfaces for enhanced luminescence

A study published in Nano Letters demonstrates the use of quantum dots to create metasurfaces, enabling two objects to exist in the same space.

Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) researchers employed Nanoimprint Lithography (NIL) to fabricate metasurfaces embedded with , enhancing their luminescence efficiency. The team included Professor Junsuk Rho from the Department of Mechanical Engineering, the Department of Chemical Engineering, and the Department of Electrical Engineering, Ph.D. candidates Minsu Jeong, Byoungsu Ko, and Jaekyung Kim from the Department of Mechanical Engineering, and Chunghwan Jung, a Ph.D. candidate, from the Department of Chemical Engineering.

NIL, a process for creating , utilizes patterned stamps to quickly transfer intricate patterns at the nanometer (nm) scale. This method offers cost advantages over and other processes. It has the advantage of enabling the creation of metasurfaces using materials that are not available in conventional processes.

Metasurfaces have recently been the focus of extensive research for their ability to control the polarization and emission direction of light from quantum dots.

Quantum dots, which are nanoscale semiconductor particles, are highly efficient light emitters capable of emitting light at precise wavelengths. This makes them widely used in applications such as QLEDs and quantum computing. However, conventional processes cannot embed quantum dots within metasurfaces.

As a result, research has often involved fabricating metasurfaces and quantum dots separately and then combining them, which imposes limitations on controlling the luminescence of the quantum dots.

In this study, the researchers integrated quantum dots with (TiO2), a material used in the NIL process, to create a metasurface. Unlike conventional methods, which involve separately fabricating the metasurface and quantum dots before combining them, this approach embeds the quantum dots directly within the metasurface during its creation.

The resulting metasurface enhances the proportion of photons emitted from the quantum dots that couple with the resonance mode of the metasurface. This advancement allows for more effective control over the specific direction of light emitted from the quantum dots compared to previous methods.

Experiments demonstrated that the more photons emitted from the quantum dots that were coupled to the resonant modes of the metasurface, the higher the luminescence efficiency. The team's metasurface achieved up to 25 times greater luminescence efficiency compared to a simple coating of quantum dots.

Professor Rho, who led the research, said, "The use of luminescence-controlled metasurfaces will enable sharper, brighter displays and more precise, sensitive biosensing. Further research will allow us to control luminescence more effectively, leading to advances in areas such as nano-optical sensors, optoelectronic devices, and quantum dot displays."

More information: Minsu Jeong et al, Printable Light-Emitting Metasurfaces with Enhanced Directional Photoluminescence, Nano Letters (2024). DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00871

Journal information: Nano Letters

Citation: New method integrates quantum dots with metasurfaces for enhanced luminescence (2024, June 12) retrieved 12 June 2024 from https://phys.org/news/2024-06-method-quantum-dots-metasurfaces-luminescence.html
This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.

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