Certainly!

Here are the key sentences from the provided text, extracted based on their importance regarding your interest in borrowings, sociocultural and political context, government intervention, and regulation of borrowing (especially from English):

---
**Key Sentences:**

1.

"Going beyond English is critical for conservation."

"The exploration of familects throws open the doors to understanding the intricate ways in which language shapes and is shaped by human relationships."

"AI Usage Fees Up to 15x Cheaper for English Than Other Languages."

"The language you're using for a Large Language Model (LLM) can have a huge effect on its cost and create an AI divide between English speakers and the rest of the world."

"Tokens representing the computing power cost of accessing an LLM through an API (such as OpenAI's ChatGPT or Anthropic's Claude 2), this means the Burmese sentence cost 11 times more through the service than the one written in English."

"But it's simply a reflection of the available training data that AI companies have (until now) used to train their models on."

"The work done by the Hoocąk Waazija Haci Language Division Program as well as the UW AIIS program are steps toward a revitalization of the Hoocąk language around Wisconsin."

"And so I just think it’s important that we try to keep that going as long as possible to continue to tell those stories."

"In Turkish, that begins the saying, “one language, one person, two languages, two people,” meaning that we are literally different human beings when we fluently use another language."

"Language is the lens through which we see the world."

---

These sentences touch on themes of language contact with English, the sociocultural impact of borrowing/exposure to global languages, resource disparities, language revitalization, value of linguistic diversity, and issues (sometimes policy-driven) that arise from language choice.

However, please note: the provided text **does not give specific government interventions or legal regulations about borrowing from English**, but several sentences imply context where policy or active efforts to promote or protect language diversity and resist English-dominance are discussed (e.g., revitalization efforts, reflection on language loss and conservation).

If you need specific examples of *government regulation against borrowings from English* (such as France's Toubon Law or equivalents in Iceland, Quebec, Israel, Turkey, etc.

), I can provide a targeted summary from linguistic research and encyclopedia sources.

**Key sentences extracted based on your request (focus on government intervention, laws, sociopolitical context, regulation of borrowings, especially from English):**

1.

The law, in particular, prohibits the use of foreign words at the state level, with the exception of those that do not have common Russian-language analogues.

However, the main problem is how this document will work in practice.

At the same time, what is recorded in official documents, already, as they say in a well-known saying, "you can not cut down with an axe."

In the state Duma has developed a bill to combat anglicisms.

The draft law is now ready.

The state Duma adopted in the first reading the bill on the protection of the Russian language from foreign borrowings.

According to her, both France and other countries do not allow to clog their languages, and in Russia should avoid the use of foreign words that have analogues in Russian.

The task to study the issue was given to the profile committee on science, education and culture.

In her opinion, excessive abuse of Anglicisms leads to the loss of native Russian speech.

Therefore, it is important that there are clear criteria for all this.

**Supporting sentences giving sociocultural/political context (borrowing as a process, and attempts to intervene):**

11.

In fairness, it should be noted that borrowing from other languages is a constant process.

The idea, of course, is good, right, but why break the language?

There should be no excesses: a sociologist about the law on the protection of language.

According to him, youth slang is changing so quickly that such loanwords rarely take root for a long time.

I assume that all borrowings are from our haste, eternal saving of time even on pronunciation and writing of words.

**Summary statement:**
- The Russian government is developing and adopting legislation to protect the Russian language from foreign borrowings, especially Anglicisms, with proposed laws aiming to limit their use in official contexts, except when no Russian equivalent exists.

The legislation reflects concerns over cultural identity and the vitality of native language, similar to policies in France and other countries.

There is ongoing debate on the practicality and effectiveness of such interventions, acknowledging that borrowing is a natural linguistic process, but highlighting perceived threats to language purity and cultural heritage.

Here are the key sentences extracted from your provided text, focusing on your interests in borrowings from English, their sociocultural and political context, and governmental interventions to prevent or regulate such borrowings:

1.

**Kemer says part of the cultural history of English speakers is to borrow words from other languages they came into contact with.

**

2.

**Translation, therefore, cannot be seen only as a linguistic process, but also as having a political and social role, as has been shown in the cases mentioned in South Africa and India.

**

3.

**Translations cannot arise out of a cultural vacuum.

**

4.

**The translator’s role is to mediate the transfer of ideas from the original text across cultural and national boundaries, which puts him in a unique position to understand the various issues of evolution.

**

5.

**Antije Krug, who was responsible for translating into local languages that evolved from Dutch, had to create new vocabulary borrowed from Dutch and then incorporate it into the target language.

**

6.

**There is no doubt that the current Arab culture is in the greatest need to attract foreign businesses, to stimulate the local culture and link it to what is happening in the global arena.

**

7.

**Award for Translation * How do you see the efforts of the Sheikh Zayed Book Award in serving the cultural scene in the Arab world and the world?

It is only required to be related to Arabic language, literature, thought and culture.

**

These sentences reflect both the processes and challenges of linguistic borrowings, the broader sociocultural and political implications, and—most germane to your request—hints at governmental or organized efforts (like translation awards or committees) to shape language policy and practices.

However, the provided text itself **does not mention explicit governmental legislation or laws** that seek to prevent or regulate borrowings, especially from English.

For your presentation, you may need to supplement this with specific case studies (such as France’s Toubon Law, Iceland’s naming committee, or language purity movements in Korea and China) from other sources.

Here are the **key sentences** from the provided text that are most relevant to your request about government intervention or attempts to control borrowings in state languages, particularly regarding borrowings from English and regulation of borrowings:

---

- "Due to the political situation in Taiwan and Hong Kong, many people will think that Hong Kong is our comrade-in-arms in this matter, and is the victim of the CCP’s more serious control in recent years."

- "Without these foreign words, the Chinese language will not affect us more greatly by Hong Kong, Taiwan and China."

- "Latin has been written for two thousand years, the dead wood can spit new shoots, the new Latin (Neo-Latin) in the computer, mobile phone, the Internet is not lacking, who is able to suppress the live jump of Chinese?"

- "Li Yuming: In Japan, kanji is an integral part of its writing system, including 1945 kanji and some personal kanji."

- "It has played an important role in the formation of languages in many countries and regions."

- "Instead of making the Taiwanese version of ChatGPT, why not keep Hakka and Taiwanese through AI?"

---

**Explanation**:
- The sentences about the *political situation in Taiwan and Hong Kong* and *CCP’s control* highlight the sociopolitical context in which language policy and intervention may happen, including efforts to limit outside (especially English) influences.

- Statements about *foreign words affecting Chinese* suggest awareness of borrowings and their sociocultural impact.

- The *Neo-Latin* example underscores the challenge of suppressing loanwords and the resilience of living languages to external influence.

- The reference to *kanji in Japan* alludes to formal decisions about what constitutes the official written language—a kind of government intervention in borrowing and written forms.

- The idea of *maintaining heritage languages like Hakka and Taiwanese* hints at policy choices in language preservation versus accommodation of borrowings and outside influences.

If you want further detail or elaboration on these phenomena in specific countries, let me know!

Certainly!

Title:

Content: News | The Economist reads

Our language columnist, Johnson, picks five of his favourite recent reads

This is a golden age for good books about every facet of language

FOR A LONG time popular books about language were dominated by cranky editors airing pet peeves and wondering where it all went wrong, while academic linguists wrote impenetrable papers and struggled to explain their work to the public. Then, a couple of decades ago, bestselling books like Steven Pinker’s “The Language Instinct” (1994) and John McWhorter’s “The Power of Babel” (2001) convinced more linguists to try their hand at writing for a non-expert audience. This in turn raised the quality of books by non-linguists. The cranks no longer rule, and it is a golden age for good books about every facet of language.

Memory Speaks. By Julie Sedivy. Belknap Press; 368 pages; $29.95 and £23.95

Julie Sedivy moved from Czechoslovakia to Canada as a small child, and hence far from the home of her first language. Her tale of the gradual loss of her Czech, and her adult work to recover it, is not only beautifully told. It is also packed with a tour of the science on bilingualism, in which she is an expert, as well as the controversial topic of how one’s native language influences thought. As if that were not enough for this fascinating book, she embeds herself within the fight to prevent indigenous North American languages from disappearing entirely, and illuminates what is lost when a language dies. As Johnson I assessed the book, and the painful loss of native languages, early in 2022.

You Talkin’ to Me? By E.J. White. Oxford University Press; 216 pages; $19.95 and £14.99

In many countries, people are taught to revere and even strive to emulate the educated speech of their grandest city. Think of Parisian French. Not so the English of New York. On screen, for example, it is reserved for gangsters or wise-cracking sidekicks (why does the parrot in “Aladdin” have a New York accent?), never for heroes (such as Captain America, whose Brooklyn origins are inaudible in his speech in the Marvel films). That was not always so. Both presidents Roosevelt had an upper-class New York accent once considered respectable. Its disappearance is a tale of immigration and the relocation of an imaginary “real America” to the Midwest, rather than its world-bestriding metropolis. Johnson reflected on the book late in 2020.

What the F: What Swearing Reveals about our Language, Our Brains and Ourselves. By Benjamin K. Bergen. Basic Books; 288 pages; $10.99

Your pulse speeds up, and your palms start to sweat ever so slightly, upon hearing a swear word. People can tolerate more pain if allowed to cuss, and many victims of strokes and brain injuries lose all speech but the taboo variety. The words in question may be avoided in polite company, but they make for a fascinating scientific study by Benjamin Bergen, a cognitive scientist. Of the main sources of swear words, some are losing their bite (those concerning religion, for example) while some still hurt (slurs, especially). But Mr Bergen examines the claims of harm from swear words overall (America seems to regulate them more than guns), and dismantles them skilfully. Swearing is a core part of human life. To be used with care, but not to be abjured. Johnson wrote about the book, and weapons of crass construction, a few years ago.

The Prodigal Tongue. By Lynne Murphy. Penguin Books; 368 pages; $17. Oneworld; £16.99

Lynne Murphy is a linguist at the University of Sussex, married to a British husband and raising British children. But she is American, and years of experiencing polite (and sometimes not-so-polite) commentary about her native English in her adopted home prompted her to write this myth-shredding book about the relationship between British and American English. She is not a partisan of either, but in her close examinations of beloved beliefs she finds some that hold (Britons really do say “please” and “sorry” a lot) and many that do not. Time after time, for example, she shows that a perceived “Americanism” deprecated in Britain emerged there. You can listen to our interview with the author (first released late in 2018).

How We Talk. By N.J. Enfield. Basic Books; 272 pages; $30

Interruptions, “uh”, “um” and sentences beginning with “So,” are all considered bad linguistic form. But it seems odd that so many people would display such linguistic ineptitude. As a result, linguists like to investigate what functions and causes these behaviours have. A great introduction to the study is “How We Talk” by N.J. Enfield, who describes what he calls the “conversational machine”. Speakers take turns with only split-second pauses, which requires them to pay careful attention to each other; “um” and “uh” thus play a role in holding the floor. These and other mechanisms fill a surprisingly brisk book about elements of language most people disdain—when they think about them at all. Johnson, er, considered the topic and the book in 2017.

_______________

Johnson, who speaks nine languages, writes a regular column about language in the weekly edition of The Economist and helps update its official style guide. He is also the author of two books of his own:

You Are What You Speak. By Lane Greene. 336 pages. Delacorte Press; 336 pages; $25

On language and the politics of identity. An analysis of the politics and mythology of language

Talk on the Wild Side. By Lane Greene. PublicAffairs; 240 pages; $26. Profile Books; £14.99

On the untameable but robust nature of language

Do you have your own recommendations? Send them to [email protected] with the subject line “Language” and your name, city and country. We will publish a selection of readers’ suggestions.

Here are the key sentences from the provided text, extracted based on their importance regarding your interest in borrowings, sociocultural and political context, government intervention, and regulation of borrowing (especially from English):

---
**Key Sentences:**

1.

"Going beyond English is critical for conservation."

Title:

Content: advertisement
Science News
from research organizations

Going beyond English is critical for conservation

Date:
March 21, 2023
Source:
University of Queensland
Summary:
Research in languages other than English is critically important for biodiversity conservation and is shockingly under-utilized internationally, according to an international research team.
Share:
advertisement

FULL STORY

Research in languages other than English is critically important for biodiversity conservation and is shockingly under-utilised internationally, according to an international research team.

Dr Tatsuya Amano, from The University of Queensland's School of Biological Sciences, led a worldwide study that investigated national reports on biodiversity conservation in 37 countries and territories where English is not an official language.

"Non-English-language literature is almost entirely neglected in global biodiversity assessments," Dr Amano said.

"This means there's a serious risk that the world's existing global assessments overlook important conservation science by ignoring non-English-language literature.

"For example, in the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) reports, only 3.4 per cent of references are those published in non-English languages -- a shockingly low figure.

The team found that non-English-language literature was extensively used in the national reports of most individual countries, but had failed to be reflected in global reports.

Dr Tatsuya said, despite the benefits of a common language, having diversity of input was essential to saving the world's species.

advertisement

"English has been used as the common language of science for decades and this makes international communication much easier," he said.

"But so much research in the biodiversity conservation space is still being published in other languages too.

"Ignoring it could be a big issue, as we often don't know much about what to conserve and how to conserve it."

The team suggest that further international collaboration is essential to developing more effective conservation science, and therefore more effective policy interventions.

"Our research project is a great example of how cross-language, international collaborations can lead to better scientific outcomes," Dr Amano said.

"We've collaborated with over 100 people, who are collectively native speakers of about 20 languages, to identify important science available only in non-English languages.

"The use of machine translation tools would also help solve this problem more broadly, but it still would require validation by human native speakers.

"And developing multilingual databases of relevant literature is also effective, just like we did in a recent paper, in collaboration with the Conservation Evidence project.

"With these approaches, the world would be able to use the best scientific knowledge available, regardless of the language in which it is published."

Story Source:

Materials provided by University of Queensland. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Journal Reference:

  1. Tatsuya Amano, Violeta Berdejo-Espinola, Munemitsu Akasaka, Milton A. U. de Andrade Junior, Ndayizeye Blaise, Julia Checco, F. Gözde Çilingir, Geoffroy Citegetse, Marina Corella Tor, Szymon M. Drobniak, Sylvaine Giakoumi, Marina Golivets, Mihaela C. Ion, Javiera P. Jara-Díaz, Ryosuke Katayose, Felicia P. S. Lasmana, Hsien-Yung Lin, Erick Lopez, Peter Mikula, Lucia Morales-Barquero, Anne-Christine Mupepele, Juan P. Narváez-Gómez, Thi Hieu Nguyen, Sá Nogueira Lisboa, Martin A. Nuñez, Diego Pavón-Jordán, Patrice Pottier, Graham W. Prescott, Farah Samad, Marko Šćiban, Hae-Min Seo, Yushin Shinoda, Flóra Vajna, Svetlana Vozykova, Jessica C. Walsh, Alison K. S. Wee, Hui Xiao, Veronica Zamora-Gutierrez. The role of non-English-language science in informing national biodiversity assessments. Nature Sustainability, 2023; DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01087-8

Cite This Page:

University of Queensland. "Going beyond English is critical for conservation." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 21 March 2023. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/03/230321112517.htm>.
University of Queensland. (2023, March 21). Going beyond English is critical for conservation. ScienceDaily. Retrieved September 24, 2023 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/03/230321112517.htm
University of Queensland. "Going beyond English is critical for conservation." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/03/230321112517.htm (accessed September 24, 2023).

Explore More
from ScienceDaily

RELATED STORIES

"The exploration of familects throws open the doors to understanding the intricate ways in which language shapes and is shaped by human relationships."

Title:

Content: Advertisment

Familect: Unveiling the Secret Language of Families and Its Cultural Impact

Explore the fascinating realm of familects - the fusion of family and dialect. Delve into how these unique linguistic creations form bonds, spark creativity, and reveal the essence of family communication.

BNN Correspondents
New Update

The phenomenon of familect, a term that blends 'family' and 'dialect', was first introduced by linguistics professor Cynthia Gordon in 2009. It emphasizes the unique linguistic fabric that families weave through the repeated use of specific words and phrases, crafting a distinct identity. This intriguing aspect of communication was thrust into the spotlight by a BBC TV show in 2021, showcasing its significance in both linguistic evolution and personal expression.

Advertisment

The Genesis of Familect

Professor Cynthia Gordon's seminal work, 'Making Meanings, Creating Family', delves deep into how familects are not mere linguistic anomalies but pivotal in forging a family's identity. Through pet names, inside jokes, and creatively altered words, familects enable a deeper connection and mutual understanding among family members. This unique form of communication often originates from the need to name new concepts or streamline conversations, incorporating both fun and functionality.

Cultural Recognition and Evolution

Advertisment

The broader cultural recognition of familects, highlighted by their feature on the BBC TV show Quite Interesting, underscores their role beyond the confines of familial communication. Bill Lucas from the English Project celebrates the creativity inherent in familects, noting how they inject humor and novelty into everyday language. This public acknowledgment has spurred interest in how familects contribute to the dynamism of language, encouraging the adoption of new expressions within wider societal discourse.

Familect's Impact on Language and Identity

Familects serve as a testament to the fluidity and adaptability of language. They are not only a source of amusement or a means of efficient communication but also a mechanism for language evolution and personal expression. As families invent and adopt unique linguistic forms, they contribute to the tapestry of language, influencing its growth and transformation. Additionally, familects offer insights into the values, experiences, and histories of the families they originate from, serving as linguistic markers of identity.

The exploration of familects throws open the doors to understanding the intricate ways in which language shapes and is shaped by human relationships. It invites us to consider the powerful role of communication in creating shared identities and experiences. As we delve deeper into the study of familects, we uncover the rich, complex layers of language that bind us, revealing the beauty and diversity of human connection.

Advertisment
Advertisment

"AI Usage Fees Up to 15x Cheaper for English Than Other Languages."

Title:

Content: AI Usage Fees Up to 15x Cheaper for English Than Other Languages

The language you're using for a Large Language Model (LLM) can have a huge effect on its cost and create an AI divide between English speakers and the rest of the world. A recent study shows that, due to the way services like OpenAI, measure and bill for server costs, English-language inputs and outputs are much cheaper than those in other languages with Simplified Chinese costing about twice as much, Spanishing costing 1.5x the price and Shan language going for 15 times more.

Twitter user Dylan Patel (@dlan522p) shared a photograph that leads to research conducted by the University of Oxford which found that asking an LLM to process a Burmese-written sentence cost 198 tokens, while that same sentence in English cost just 17 tokens. Tokens representing the computing power cost of accessing an LLM through an API (such as OpenAI's ChatGPT or Anthropic's Claude 2), this means the Burmese sentence cost 11 times more through the service than the one written in English.

See more

The tokenization model (which sees AI companies convert user input into computational cost) means that in a less-than-ideal world, models accessed outside the window of English language are much more expensive to access and train on. That's because languages such as Chinese have a different, more complex structure (either grammatically or by number of characters) than English, which results in their higher rate of tokenization.

For example, according to OpenAI's GPT3 tokenizer, giving someone a token of "your affection" would be just two tokens in English but eight tokens in Simplified Chinese. This is true even though the Simplified Chinese text is just 4 characters (你的爱意) and the English one is 14 characters. Aleksandar Petrov et al's Tokenization Fairness page has a number of charts and tools you can use to see the disparity between languages.

OpenAI itself has a pretty helpful page explaining how it monetizes API access and usage of its ChatGPT model, which even includes access to a tokenizer tool that you can use to test the token cost per prompt. There, we see that 1 token is around 4 characters in English, and that 100 tokens would be around 75 English words. But that math just can't be applied to any other language, as OpenAI clearly puts it

There's really no competition against the cost-effectiveness of English in AI-related costs; Chinese, for example, costs twice as much as English in terms of required tokens per output. But it's simply a reflection of the available training data that AI companies have (until now) used to train their models on. If there's one thing the AI explosion has done for the world is show just how valuable high-quality emergent data (that which is created as a record of life) really is.

This issue directly links with AI companies' desire to achieve recursive training, or the ability to train AI models on their own outputs. If that's achieved, then future models will still show the same cost-effectiveness of English compared to other languages whose complexity and more limited availability of base training data. And when that happens, it's not just this vicious cycle of algorithmic bigotry we have to contend with: it's also that for now, research points to AI networks going MAD when trained over five times on their own outputs (synthetic data).

To further complicate the issue, it seems that other ways of quantifying costs (other than tokenization) would end up running into the same problems. Either via bit or character-counting, apparently no language can beat the pragmatic practicality of English - it would still present lower costs due to its inherently higher "compressibility" into a lower token count.

That means the issue isn't in the way models have been monetized; it's an actual limitation of the technology and base models considered for training. And it should be no surprise to know the issue impacts multiple language models across their versions. They're all built mostly the same, after all.

This issue looks like a predictable one when we consider that the companies actually introducing Large Language Models (such as ChatGPT) or Generative Image networks (such as Midjourney) are mostly based in America. Lower usage costs and higher availability of quality data comes with the territory, in a way.

This cost difference has already led to a number of countries launching their own initiatives to train and deploy a native-language LLM. Both China and India have done so, and both claimed the same thing: that their plans were needed to accompany the pace of innovation allowed by English-based AI networks. And that rate is mostly limited by access and training costs.

It's only natural that everyone is looking to pay as little as possible for as much as possible; and these dynamics directly affect the cost of LLM training and deployment according to the base language. It's almost like this AI business is so complex, and its consequences so far-reaching, we have to be very careful with every little step we take.

Freelance News Writer

Francisco Pires is a freelance news writer for Tom's Hardware with a soft side for quantum computing.

"The language you're using for a Large Language Model (LLM) can have a huge effect on its cost and create an AI divide between English speakers and the rest of the world."

"Tokens representing the computing power cost of accessing an LLM through an API (such as OpenAI's ChatGPT or Anthropic's Claude 2), this means the Burmese sentence cost 11 times more through the service than the one written in English."

"But it's simply a reflection of the available training data that AI companies have (until now) used to train their models on."

"The work done by the Hoocąk Waazija Haci Language Division Program as well as the UW AIIS program are steps toward a revitalization of the Hoocąk language around Wisconsin."

Title:

Content: Hoocąk language organization preserves Indigenous culture

Language division offers services, apps to teach people to speak Hoocąk

· Oct 5, 2023 Tweet

Abby Cima/The Badger Herald

Of the nearly 8,000 enrolled members in the Ho-Chunk Nation, there are currently less than 40 who can speak the Ho-Chunk language (also anglicized as Hoocąk). This is due to past removals and relocations of Indigenous Americans, Hoocąk Waaziija Haci Language Division Program Manager Adrienne Thunder said.

According to The National Native American Boarding School Healing Coalition, between 1869 and the 1960s, the American government sent Indigenous children to more than 350 Indian boarding schools. Students at these schools were forced to assimilate to a Westernized way of life. Several decades later, the repercussions of these institutions are evident through the dwindling number of Hoocąk speakers, according to NNABSHC.

Organizations like the Hoocąk Waazija Haci Language Division are working to change that. According to the division’s website, the group offers a range of programs including an online Hoocąk Academy, a Hoocąk language apprenticeship program and classes for local high schools. But these programs have a limited reach.

“I would say most families probably don’t have direct access to someone who can speak the language very well,” Thunder said. “And so even with our instructors, the ones that we have right now, it’s hard to reach everyone.”

Chancellor Mnookin talks housing, mental health, sustainability with ASMThe Associated Students of Madison Student Council met with UW Chancellor Jennifer Mnookin, Vice Chancellor Lori Reesor and Dean of Read…

There are only about a dozen instructors for the 3,500 Hoocąk tribal members in Wisconsin, which makes covering the language and cultural education difficult. Additionally, not everyone can take the classes when they are offered, which compounds the challenge of preserving the Hoocąk language, Thunder said.

In response, the division has partnered with The Language Conservancy, a non-profit organization dedicated to saving endangered Indigenous languages, to expand the division’s virtual Hoocąk dictionary, Thunder said. These forms include a public website and app.

Also in development is an E-learning app for individuals to learn and speak Hoocąk. The plan is for the beta version of the app to be released this fall, with the final product set to release sometime this winter, Thunder said.

Thunder said the purpose of the app is to provide a base for individuals to start with Hoocąk. This could generate more interest and give people some information to work with before needing to work with an instructor.

“We’re hoping this gives people something to work with, and to be able to help them learn to the point where if they’re ready for further learning, then we have instructors who will be able to pick up from there or to be able to enhance their own instruction with the use of the app,” Thunder said.

While there are native speakers that can convey this immersive oral experience, Director of the University of Wisconsin American Indian and Indigenous Studies program Denise Wiyaka said that to teach a course on campus, instructors usually need a master’s degree.

“Most of the native speakers don’t have college degrees,” Wiyaka said. “And so we sometimes will pair them with somebody who does, we’ve done that in the past — paired them with a person who does have a PhD or Master’s [degree] and they’ll co-teach the course then, but it’s hard to find people with a Master’s who can teach.”

Dane County invests $1.5 million in overnight men’s shelterDane County will add $1.5 million to support construction of a new emergency overnight men’s shelter according to a press Read…

UW’s AIIS program offers five Indigenous languages including Hoocąk as well as a certificate in which students can take classes about the literature, culture and folklore of American Indian Groups. Wiyak said that though the majority of students in these classes are Native American students, the number of non-Native students interested in learning Indigenous languages is increasing.

For these students, Wiyaka said the value for apps like the one the Hoocąk Waazija Haci Language Division is developing and believes they align with the evolution of teaching.

“I think it’s a tool for learning,” Wiyaka said. “So I think having an app is a good idea. And I think a lot of tribes are going that route. Because you know, everybody has a phone with apps on it.”

Wiyaka also said it is important to preserve native languages in order to preserve culture that has been passed down. Through events such as the Annual Evening of American Indian Storytelling, the AIIS program highlights the importance of having native speakers speak to students in their native tongues. During the event, elders from tribes all over the world are invited to narrate and act out stories in their native languages while being translated into English. By hearing and seeing stories acted and spoken out in their original form, listeners are able to gain a deeper understanding and appreciation for the preservation of Indigenous languages, Wiyaka said.

According to Thunder, the biggest difference between Hoocąk and English is the descriptiveness of the languages. Compared to English, Hoocąk is much more dimensional and offers a more immersive experience due to what are known as positionals. Positionals provide insights into the orientation of actions and are added to the end of a sentence to inform the reader of the position of the subject.

The work done by the Hoocąk Waazija Haci Language Division Program as well as the UW AIIS program are steps toward a revitalization of the Hoocąk language around Wisconsin. For Thunder, this means keeping the Hoocąk’s relationships and connections alive through spoken word.

“All of that history — all of those relationships, all of those events, everything is encapsulated in our language,” Thunder said. “And so I just think it’s important that we try to keep that going as long as possible to continue to tell those stories.”

Tweet

This article was published Oct 5, 2023 at 9:00 am and last updated Oct 1, 2023 at 11:09 am

Comments

UW-Madison's Premier Independent Student Newspaper

All Content © The Badger Herald, 1995 - 2023

"And so I just think it’s important that we try to keep that going as long as possible to continue to tell those stories."

Title:

Content: advertisement
Science News
from research organizations

Going beyond English is critical for conservation

Date:
March 21, 2023
Source:
University of Queensland
Summary:
Research in languages other than English is critically important for biodiversity conservation and is shockingly under-utilized internationally, according to an international research team.
Share:
advertisement

FULL STORY

Research in languages other than English is critically important for biodiversity conservation and is shockingly under-utilised internationally, according to an international research team.

Dr Tatsuya Amano, from The University of Queensland's School of Biological Sciences, led a worldwide study that investigated national reports on biodiversity conservation in 37 countries and territories where English is not an official language.

"Non-English-language literature is almost entirely neglected in global biodiversity assessments," Dr Amano said.

"This means there's a serious risk that the world's existing global assessments overlook important conservation science by ignoring non-English-language literature.

"For example, in the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) reports, only 3.4 per cent of references are those published in non-English languages -- a shockingly low figure.

The team found that non-English-language literature was extensively used in the national reports of most individual countries, but had failed to be reflected in global reports.

Dr Tatsuya said, despite the benefits of a common language, having diversity of input was essential to saving the world's species.

advertisement

"English has been used as the common language of science for decades and this makes international communication much easier," he said.

"But so much research in the biodiversity conservation space is still being published in other languages too.

"Ignoring it could be a big issue, as we often don't know much about what to conserve and how to conserve it."

The team suggest that further international collaboration is essential to developing more effective conservation science, and therefore more effective policy interventions.

"Our research project is a great example of how cross-language, international collaborations can lead to better scientific outcomes," Dr Amano said.

"We've collaborated with over 100 people, who are collectively native speakers of about 20 languages, to identify important science available only in non-English languages.

"The use of machine translation tools would also help solve this problem more broadly, but it still would require validation by human native speakers.

"And developing multilingual databases of relevant literature is also effective, just like we did in a recent paper, in collaboration with the Conservation Evidence project.

"With these approaches, the world would be able to use the best scientific knowledge available, regardless of the language in which it is published."

Story Source:

Materials provided by University of Queensland. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Journal Reference:

  1. Tatsuya Amano, Violeta Berdejo-Espinola, Munemitsu Akasaka, Milton A. U. de Andrade Junior, Ndayizeye Blaise, Julia Checco, F. Gözde Çilingir, Geoffroy Citegetse, Marina Corella Tor, Szymon M. Drobniak, Sylvaine Giakoumi, Marina Golivets, Mihaela C. Ion, Javiera P. Jara-Díaz, Ryosuke Katayose, Felicia P. S. Lasmana, Hsien-Yung Lin, Erick Lopez, Peter Mikula, Lucia Morales-Barquero, Anne-Christine Mupepele, Juan P. Narváez-Gómez, Thi Hieu Nguyen, Sá Nogueira Lisboa, Martin A. Nuñez, Diego Pavón-Jordán, Patrice Pottier, Graham W. Prescott, Farah Samad, Marko Šćiban, Hae-Min Seo, Yushin Shinoda, Flóra Vajna, Svetlana Vozykova, Jessica C. Walsh, Alison K. S. Wee, Hui Xiao, Veronica Zamora-Gutierrez. The role of non-English-language science in informing national biodiversity assessments. Nature Sustainability, 2023; DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01087-8

Cite This Page:

University of Queensland. "Going beyond English is critical for conservation." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 21 March 2023. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/03/230321112517.htm>.
University of Queensland. (2023, March 21). Going beyond English is critical for conservation. ScienceDaily. Retrieved September 24, 2023 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/03/230321112517.htm
University of Queensland. "Going beyond English is critical for conservation." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/03/230321112517.htm (accessed September 24, 2023).

Explore More
from ScienceDaily

RELATED STORIES

"In Turkish, that begins the saying, “one language, one person, two languages, two people,” meaning that we are literally different human beings when we fluently use another language."

Title:

Content: Bir lisan, bir adam…

In Turkish, that begins the saying, “one language, one person, two languages, two people,” meaning that we are literally different human beings when we fluently use another language.

I am thinking about this because I am going back to Turkey this week, for only the second time in 52 years. I’m brushing up on the language, words and phrases coming to mind after long absences. “Fark etmez,” I automatically answer when someone asks whether I want coffee or tea — “Makes no difference.”

And when a friend comes down with COVID, I say “gecmis olsun” — “may it pass quickly” — like I would have 50 years ago. We don’t have anything that handy in English.

That’s the fun of it, but there is a serious side to language and its relation to knowledge and culture. Author Wade Davis says in his 2009 book, “The Wayfinders: Why Ancient Wisdom Matters in the Modern World,” that of the 7,000 languages then spoken in the world, half of them were not being carried down to the next generation. Every two weeks, he said, an elder was dying and taking the last syllables of a language with her/him. He likened this loss to the loss of biological diversity. As we lose languages, we lose ways of seeing the world, ways of relating to other people. We lose part of the store of human knowledge.

I’m reminded that Alvin Josephy said over 50 years ago that the Americas had been inhabited by humans for more than 20,000 years, perhaps as many as 40,000. And he wrote that the population might have been as many as 90 million when Columbus hit the shore. He based his thinking on languages. Linguists told him how long it took for a language to break off and become unique, and the explorers and missionaries and settlers with language curiosity documented approximately 2,500 languages spoken on the two continents in 1492. Linguists have measured and followed the dispersion of peoples across the continents with language from then until now.

In Alvin’s time, archeologists were spouting the Bering Land Bridge theory, postulating a crossing from Asia about 12,000 years ago. And many anthropologists said that the population, from Arctic to the tip of South America, could not have been more than 10 million, that there were maybe one million inhabitants in what is now the United States.

They were wrong. Too many languages; too many peoples. There is now good documentation that 70%-90% of tribal populations were killed in early years of contact by European diseases to which they had no immunities. We have new findings on the Salmon River of 16,000-year-old settlements, and footprints in sand in the Southwest that date to 23,000 years ago. Coastal migration from Asia is now the theory. And modern DNA research shows migration patterns that follow the ways of language Josephy wrote about in “The Indian Heritage of America” — in 1968!

Language is the lens through which we see the world. My mother saw her world in Norwegian first, and then, embarrassed that his daughter didn’t know English, Grandpa Hagen said that they’d speak English at home. Mom hung onto the language enough so that she could talk secrets with her Minnesota friends in front of me growing up. I didn’t learn it.

I spent a summer working on a farm with Mexican laborers who’d come to California for the higher wages — 90 cents an hour. I had two years of high school Spanish and that summer of Tex-Mex Spanish. What a pity that I let it go.

***

The first colonists, from the British Isles, understood the confluence of language and culture. They saw Anglo-America as the arrow of civilization, led the new government with borrowings from England, engulfed immigrant populations with school and church English and sought to totally incorporate and assimilate American Indians by taking children from parents and putting them in boarding schools, outlawing their languages.

The wheel has turned, and American Indians are openly speaking old languages and reviving ones at the edge of extinction — about 250 individual languages, among them Nez Perce and Umatilla. I wish I knew enough to understand their complex family relationships — I only know that brothers, sisters, cousins, aunts and uncles have no direct translations and broader meanings than anything in American English.

And, thanks to an old Turkish roommate who has prodded me regularly on the phone for 50 years, and to a wonderful trip back in 2004, my four years of living in that language in that country is coming back — not totally of course, but enough to say please and thank you, to know what to call elders and children, to say “Hos bulduk” — “I find my coming back good,” when I arrive on Saturday.

———

Rich Wandschneider is the director of the Josephy Library of Western History and Culture.

Recommended for you

"Language is the lens through which we see the world."

---

These sentences touch on themes of language contact with English, the sociocultural impact of borrowing/exposure to global languages, resource disparities, language revitalization, value of linguistic diversity, and issues (sometimes policy-driven) that arise from language choice.

However, please note: the provided text **does not give specific government interventions or legal regulations about borrowing from English**, but several sentences imply context where policy or active efforts to promote or protect language diversity and resist English-dominance are discussed (e.g., revitalization efforts, reflection on language loss and conservation).

Title:

Content: advertisement
Science News
from research organizations

Going beyond English is critical for conservation

Date:
March 21, 2023
Source:
University of Queensland
Summary:
Research in languages other than English is critically important for biodiversity conservation and is shockingly under-utilized internationally, according to an international research team.
Share:
advertisement

FULL STORY

Research in languages other than English is critically important for biodiversity conservation and is shockingly under-utilised internationally, according to an international research team.

Dr Tatsuya Amano, from The University of Queensland's School of Biological Sciences, led a worldwide study that investigated national reports on biodiversity conservation in 37 countries and territories where English is not an official language.

"Non-English-language literature is almost entirely neglected in global biodiversity assessments," Dr Amano said.

"This means there's a serious risk that the world's existing global assessments overlook important conservation science by ignoring non-English-language literature.

"For example, in the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) reports, only 3.4 per cent of references are those published in non-English languages -- a shockingly low figure.

The team found that non-English-language literature was extensively used in the national reports of most individual countries, but had failed to be reflected in global reports.

Dr Tatsuya said, despite the benefits of a common language, having diversity of input was essential to saving the world's species.

advertisement

"English has been used as the common language of science for decades and this makes international communication much easier," he said.

"But so much research in the biodiversity conservation space is still being published in other languages too.

"Ignoring it could be a big issue, as we often don't know much about what to conserve and how to conserve it."

The team suggest that further international collaboration is essential to developing more effective conservation science, and therefore more effective policy interventions.

"Our research project is a great example of how cross-language, international collaborations can lead to better scientific outcomes," Dr Amano said.

"We've collaborated with over 100 people, who are collectively native speakers of about 20 languages, to identify important science available only in non-English languages.

"The use of machine translation tools would also help solve this problem more broadly, but it still would require validation by human native speakers.

"And developing multilingual databases of relevant literature is also effective, just like we did in a recent paper, in collaboration with the Conservation Evidence project.

"With these approaches, the world would be able to use the best scientific knowledge available, regardless of the language in which it is published."

Story Source:

Materials provided by University of Queensland. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Journal Reference:

  1. Tatsuya Amano, Violeta Berdejo-Espinola, Munemitsu Akasaka, Milton A. U. de Andrade Junior, Ndayizeye Blaise, Julia Checco, F. Gözde Çilingir, Geoffroy Citegetse, Marina Corella Tor, Szymon M. Drobniak, Sylvaine Giakoumi, Marina Golivets, Mihaela C. Ion, Javiera P. Jara-Díaz, Ryosuke Katayose, Felicia P. S. Lasmana, Hsien-Yung Lin, Erick Lopez, Peter Mikula, Lucia Morales-Barquero, Anne-Christine Mupepele, Juan P. Narváez-Gómez, Thi Hieu Nguyen, Sá Nogueira Lisboa, Martin A. Nuñez, Diego Pavón-Jordán, Patrice Pottier, Graham W. Prescott, Farah Samad, Marko Šćiban, Hae-Min Seo, Yushin Shinoda, Flóra Vajna, Svetlana Vozykova, Jessica C. Walsh, Alison K. S. Wee, Hui Xiao, Veronica Zamora-Gutierrez. The role of non-English-language science in informing national biodiversity assessments. Nature Sustainability, 2023; DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01087-8

Cite This Page:

University of Queensland. "Going beyond English is critical for conservation." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 21 March 2023. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/03/230321112517.htm>.
University of Queensland. (2023, March 21). Going beyond English is critical for conservation. ScienceDaily. Retrieved September 24, 2023 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/03/230321112517.htm
University of Queensland. "Going beyond English is critical for conservation." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/03/230321112517.htm (accessed September 24, 2023).

Explore More
from ScienceDaily

RELATED STORIES

If you need specific examples of *government regulation against borrowings from English* (such as France's Toubon Law or equivalents in Iceland, Quebec, Israel, Turkey, etc.

Title:

Content: Hindustantimes wants to start sending you push notifications. Click allow to subscribe

Interview: Niraja Gopal Jayal, Trustee, New India Foundation

The NIF’s Translation Fellowship programme announced earlier this month aims to make important works of non-fiction written in regional languages accessible to a more diverse audience
By Simar Bhasin
UPDATED ON AUG 20, 2021 06:27 PM IST

What’s the story behind the NIF translation fellowship programme?

The translation fellowship programme is actually a logical outgrowth of the book-writing fellowships programme, which as you know is the flagship activity of the New India Foundation, aimed at nurturing high-quality scholarship on post-independence India. The first continuity between them then is the focus on modern Indian history, society and politics. However, while the book-writing fellowships are about India after 1947, the qualifying period for the translation fellowships is twentieth century India, even the late nineteenth century depending on the text. This is because there are many important works in Indian languages that could illuminate the longer period but to which readers of the English language, or indeed of other Indian languages, would not have access.

Secondly, the NIF has supported at least one translation as part of its book-writing fellowship programme. This was Ayesha Kidwai’s translation, with a superb introduction, of her grandmother Anis Kidwai’s book Azadi ki Chaaon Mein, which was published by Penguin in 2011, with the English title In Freedom’s Shade. At least two other books by NIF Fellows draw heavily upon sources and literature in regional languages – Akshay Mukul’s The Gita Press and the Making of Hindu India and SV Srinivas’s Politics as Performance: Social History of the Telugu Film Industry. Both these books, about different forms of cultural production, are deeply anchored in, respectively, Hindi and Telugu.

Tell us about the selection process? What are you looking for in applications?

RELATED STORIES

We are looking for proposals that bring together interesting books and good translators. This year, in the first round, we are inviting applications for translations from 10 languages: Hindi, Urdu, Bangla, Kannada, Assamese, Gujarati, Marathi, Odia, Malayalam and Tamil. The deadline for applications is December 31, 2021. The applications – which must include a sample translation - will be assessed by language experts, on the basis of which the shortlist will be compiled, followed by interviews and the selection of three Fellows.

We propose to constitute a Language Expert Committee, with one member for each of the three selected proposals, who will mentor the Fellows and help them structure and shape their work. We see these works as being on par with the other Fellowship projects in terms of their scholarly merit. We expect them to have a comprehensive introduction that provides the social, political and cultural context of the work, thorough annotations and a bibliography that could help the reader explore the terrain further.

Are there any caveats as to the texts that may be chosen for translation?

No fiction, no poetry, no drama. The focus will be on history (including social and cultural history), politics, society, biography, memoirs, and so forth.

What according to you are some of the challenges facing translators linguistically when it comes to expounding ideas contained in regional texts into the English language?

Ideally, any translation should be able to stand on its own, approximating the excellence of an original work. This is why translation is typically viewed as an art, rather than something mechanical. For this, translators have to be imaginative in how they render into English ideas or nuances that may be specific to the language with which they are working. Cultural differences can pose a challenge to translators who need not just felicity in the two languages they are working with, but also familiarity with the world of sociocultural meanings in both – else you can fall into the ‘lost in translation’ syndrome!

There is, of course, a very rich scholarly field of translation studies, with debates on language as identity, the politics of language, authenticity, and so on.

Do you feel that the outcomes of this fellowship will challenge and disrupt the conception of largely West-oriented notions of what constitutes a liberal public sphere?

That is not the driving motivation of the fellowship, but it could potentially do so, depending of course on the texts. Introducing readers to works in different languages should certainly contribute to an appreciation of the rich diversity of languages in our country; to recover indigenous debates on ideas that we have encountered only through the western canon; to encourage us to embrace our natural bilingualism, and perhaps also to value multilingualism.

Do you think that there is a lack of institutional support to translation projects from languages of the global South? What is required to encourage such projects?

I can’t speak to the global South, but certainly there is a lack of support for translation projects in the Indian languages. Quite a lot of fiction finds translation. As far as non-fiction goes, there is the Murthy Classical Library of India which has brought us fabulous English translations of great classics from the past two millennia. There is also the National Translation Mission that commissions translations, mainly of textbooks. The translation fellowships of the NIF represent a new beginning in a field that we believe has been largely neglected so far.

In its present form, the fellowship focuses on works of non-fiction in 10 languages. Are there any plans for more languages and for fiction works also to be included in the near future?

As of now, we envisage an expansion of the languages in the second round to include, for instance, Punjabi, Konkani, Manipuri, Bhojpuri, etc. We do not have plans to include fiction.

At the end of the fellowship, will all of the projects be published and available to a global audience?

Publication is the objective. As with the book writing fellowships, we would connect Fellows to publishers. We already provide in-house editorial help to our Fellows to shape and polish manuscripts into their final form, and this would be available to the translation Fellows as well.

To know more about the translation fellowships: https://www.newindiafoundation.org/nif-translation-fellowship

For queries, write to info@newindiafoundation.org

The link to apply : https://translationfellowships.paperform.co/

Simar Bhasin is an independent journalist. She lives in New Delhi.

SHARE THIS ARTICLE ON
This site uses cookies

This site and its partners use technology such as cookies to personalize content and ads and analyse traffic. By using this site you agree to its privacy policy. You can change your mind and revisit your choices at anytime in future.

OPEN APP

), I can provide a targeted summary from linguistic research and encyclopedia sources.

Title:

Content: Advertisment

Familect: Unveiling the Secret Language of Families and Its Cultural Impact

Explore the fascinating realm of familects - the fusion of family and dialect. Delve into how these unique linguistic creations form bonds, spark creativity, and reveal the essence of family communication.

BNN Correspondents
New Update

The phenomenon of familect, a term that blends 'family' and 'dialect', was first introduced by linguistics professor Cynthia Gordon in 2009. It emphasizes the unique linguistic fabric that families weave through the repeated use of specific words and phrases, crafting a distinct identity. This intriguing aspect of communication was thrust into the spotlight by a BBC TV show in 2021, showcasing its significance in both linguistic evolution and personal expression.

Advertisment

The Genesis of Familect

Professor Cynthia Gordon's seminal work, 'Making Meanings, Creating Family', delves deep into how familects are not mere linguistic anomalies but pivotal in forging a family's identity. Through pet names, inside jokes, and creatively altered words, familects enable a deeper connection and mutual understanding among family members. This unique form of communication often originates from the need to name new concepts or streamline conversations, incorporating both fun and functionality.

Cultural Recognition and Evolution

Advertisment

The broader cultural recognition of familects, highlighted by their feature on the BBC TV show Quite Interesting, underscores their role beyond the confines of familial communication. Bill Lucas from the English Project celebrates the creativity inherent in familects, noting how they inject humor and novelty into everyday language. This public acknowledgment has spurred interest in how familects contribute to the dynamism of language, encouraging the adoption of new expressions within wider societal discourse.

Familect's Impact on Language and Identity

Familects serve as a testament to the fluidity and adaptability of language. They are not only a source of amusement or a means of efficient communication but also a mechanism for language evolution and personal expression. As families invent and adopt unique linguistic forms, they contribute to the tapestry of language, influencing its growth and transformation. Additionally, familects offer insights into the values, experiences, and histories of the families they originate from, serving as linguistic markers of identity.

The exploration of familects throws open the doors to understanding the intricate ways in which language shapes and is shaped by human relationships. It invites us to consider the powerful role of communication in creating shared identities and experiences. As we delve deeper into the study of familects, we uncover the rich, complex layers of language that bind us, revealing the beauty and diversity of human connection.

Advertisment
Advertisment

**Key sentences extracted based on your request (focus on government intervention, laws, sociopolitical context, regulation of borrowings, especially from English):**

1.

Title:

Content: 5 february
Previous news Next news
Today, 18: 12 0
Amurchan is called to hype on crashes: on the Internet make up a map of the language of Russian youth
You can share phrases in the project “Listen to a stranger ”
Photo: pixabay.com
"Smart, even though Zusman."
If you can understand the phrase, then you are definitely from the Amur region.
Young people from all regions of the country are invited to join the project “Eavesdrop a stranger ”, which launched the project“ Another thing ” on the platform “Russia is a country of opportunities ” together with the project Sloooshai.
Children from different regions of the country will share interesting phraseological expressions, modern or local expressions and help make a map of the language of the youth of Russia.
The goal of the project is to collect “eavesdropping ”, quotes from strangers, and make an interactive map of them.
Phrases can be heard on the street, at work, at school.
Selected quotes will be printed and pasted in the very place where they were heard, say the organizers of the project.
To take part, you need to register in the application “Other Case ” through“ VKontakte ”, find the task “to listen to a stranger ” and add your phrase until February 7.
The first expressions have already arrived in the "Other Case".
For example, young residents of Tyumen say: “Never say“ once ”, and St. Petersburg: “Time flies like a seagull for bread. ”
“If your eyes are so blue, and not lenses, then I ’ m ready to drown in them, ” they overheard in Zheleznogorsk.
In Vladivostok, they say: “It seems that the book knows more than I do. ”
In Moscow, philosophically reason: "Half three nights.
I was bitten by a workaholic fly. ”
And in Kazan they say: “The price for individuality is loneliness. ”
In Ivanovo, young people came up with alternative interpretations of the word "babayka": it can be not only a fictional character, but also some vessel, container or even children's toys in the sandbox.
According to Amur teachers, modern schoolchildren are constantly generating new words and expressions.
And even teachers of Russian language and literature with their rich vocabulary need the help of “Google ”.
— During the period of distance learning, when the students were communicated via mobile communication, through the application I found a new tag of my phone number – “krashikha ”.
It is interesting to have a detailed description of the meaning.
"Okay, Google" did not fail.
“Funny, ” I thought,“ object of sympathy. ”
Of course, I concluded that only a 14-15 year old teenager could sign my number this way, because this is “their topic ”.
It was nice, no one canceled the compliments.
The wings have grown.
The school itself had its own “crash ” – idol teacher, ” recalled a case from the practice of the teacher from Blagoveshchensk Kristina Nedilskaya.
Young people of the 21st century have a very diverse vocabulary, and adults do not always understand adolescents.
One of the reasons is that the younger generation spends more time on the Internet, watching videos, taking some words and expressions from there.
I can tell from my students that when they are at recess or busy with their own affairs, they speak their own language.
They say their favorite words “HYIP ”,“ stream ”, “agritsya ”, something else in the same way.
Often these words fall into the youth slang of the English language.
There are in their speech and abbreviations, as well as words formed by consonance.
We even had a theme for the project – to investigate the frequency of using borrowed words in youth speech, – says another teacher of Russian language and literature from Blagoveshchensk Marina Fedoseeva.
For overheard bright phrases that meet the requirements of the organizers, participants receive 400 points in the "Other Business".
They can be exchanged for training courses or accumulate and get useful devices, meet interesting people.
Young people in different regions of Russia can speak differently using their specific expressions.
Often they are mixed with local customs, traditions, fashion.
But everything often forms a unique cultural code, characteristic of a particular area, and in general it becomes a new language in which young Russians express themselves.
Where did the “Other Cause ” participants get these phrases from?
They heard them on the street, in the store, in the subway from their peers.
We see a keen interest in the project.
In just a couple of days, we received hundreds of such interesting phraseologisms and other vivid expressions.
Russian youth are really curious to share such quotes with each other, ” explained the head of the project “Other Business ” Kirill Hvil.
Total views: 70
# internet # culture
print out

The law, in particular, prohibits the use of foreign words at the state level, with the exception of those that do not have common Russian-language analogues.

Title:

Content: The ban on foreign borrowings in the Russian language - what should be feared - RIA Novosti Crimea, 16.02.2023
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
Radio "Sputnik in Crimea"
The ban on foreign borrowings in the Russian language – what should be feared
Philologists: in the fight against foreign borrowings in the language, it is important to prevent excesses
© Fotolia / daria rizaDictionary of the Russian language.
Archive photo
Read in
SIMFEROPOL, Feb 16 – RIA Novosti Crimea, Alexey Goncharov.
The main risk of the law adopted by the State Duma on the restriction of the use of foreign words is the excesses that can be allowed in the struggle for the purity of the Russian language.
This opinion was expressed by the interviewed website RIA Novosti Crimea and radio "Sputnik in Crimea" experts.
Chancellery is no less an enemy
On Thursday, the State Duma in the second and third reading adopted amendments to the federal law "On the state language of the Russian Federation".
The law, in particular, prohibits the use of foreign words at the state level, with the exception of those that do not have common Russian-language analogues.
Deputies also approved a list of areas where Russian is mandatory for use.
These include information for consumers of goods, works and services, as well as the education sector, state and municipal information systems.
Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor of the Institute of Philology of the Crimean Federal University.
Vernadsky Vladimir Orekhov believes this law is correct and necessary, since the Russian language needs protection.
However, the main problem is how this document will work in practice.
"Indeed, there can be excesses, and on the part of officials, who in many cases are themselves a source of stupid borrowing.
It is this category that often distorts the Russian language with stationery and borrowings, inventing some new formulas.
To make a beautiful project or report, you need to call the old with new words, preferably foreign, and, passing the old for new, somehow raise your prestige.
And then it already diverges, ” the expert explained in comments to RIA Novosti Crimea.
Orekhov also does not believe that young people are the main source of borrowing in the language.
According to him, youth slang is changing so quickly that such loanwords rarely take root for a long time.
At the same time, what is recorded in official documents, already, as they say in a well-known saying, "you can not cut down with an axe."
Down with the Chancellery: Officials Were Requested to Speak Human > >
“Most of the borrowings that this law is designed to save us from are in official documents of different levels.
This also applies to the capital institutions, but to a greater extent provincial.
This is a kind of fashion – to show your knowledge using incomprehensible foreign words.
How to deal with it, I have no recipe.
On the other hand, this law in itself can change this fashion in the administrative environment.
In this case, he by the very fact of his existence will correct the situation, ” the philologist suggested.
Russia will support the creation of an organization to promote the Russian language – Putin
According to Orekhov, the mechanisms that will be able to effectively implement the norms of this law should be developed through a wide public discussion, with the involvement of school teachers, university teachers, cultural figures and all those who are involved in the development of the Russian language.
Define clear criteria
Director of the Crimean Republican Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education, Doctor of Philology, Professor Alexander Rudyakov is also sure that the law adopted by the State Duma and the protection of the Russian language in general is a good thing.
But the question arises: where is the criterion that distinguishes foreign words from non-foreign ones.
After all, in our language there are many Russian words that are originally borrowed from other languages.
"My wife is a German, we often argue with her.
She believes that the word "barrier" is a German word.
And I, a simple Russian, I am convinced that this is a Russian word.
Therefore, it is important that there are clear criteria for all this.
That's what we're talking about.
The law is excellent, but it is important how it will be applied and what criteria will be there, ” the expert said on the radio “Sputnik in Crimea ”.
Another important fact to pay special attention to is professional universal terminology, said Rudyakov.
“In many branches of knowledge, say, in the banking sector, there are words that are, in principle, international.
It is probably not very smart to isolate yourself from the terminology that is inherent in this area.
Another thing is not to drag it into our public vocabulary.
This is also very important to understand and comply with, ” explained the philologist.
"Adapt and switch to Russian": how the schools of Kherson region work > >
At the same time, the professor agreed that today in a number of areas, including administrative and media, there is an excessive use of foreign words, which can be easily and simply replaced by Russian-language analogues.
"When you hear 'communicate', 'collaboration' - the hand reaches for the gun.
Somewhere I read the information that a "Children's Collaboration House" was built in Vladivostok.
That's what's scary, you know.
These are obvious excesses, ” said the doctor of science.
Rudyakov, who is also a member of the Council on the Russian language under the President of Russia, assured that he will raise questions regarding the new law at the next meeting of the organization on March 2.
Read also on RIA Novosti Crimea:
Quoting the classics: how and why great writers quarreled
Than English-language words interfere in advertising – the opinion of senators from the Crimea
Russia will support the creation of an organization to promote the Russian language – Putin
Leave the “barn ” and“ dog ” alone: a linguist about the law on the protection of language
News feed
0
New firstOld firstFirst
loader
On-line
Title of the material to be opened

Title:

Content: city news Yelets, news Yelets, Yelets news, Yelets newspaper, Red banner
Better than any passport.
0 0
The Russian government has submitted to the state Duma a bill to protect the Russian language from excessive use of foreign words.
The document implies control over the observance by officials and citizens of the norms of the Russian literary language and the inadmissibility of the use of foreign words, with the exception of those that do not have common analogues in the Russian language.
"Wet feet"
by "toptalische"
Fighters for the purity of the native language waited, because the discussion about it among linguists, writers, scientists goes on constantly, then quiet, then flaring up with renewed vigor.
The initiative of the Government of Russia, which decided to wedge itself into the disputes of professionals, is quite understandable and understandable.
Today, when the United States and the entire Western world are in a rush to destroy, eradicate, wipe out all Russian, the frequent use of Anglicisms in everyday life is at least unpatriotic.
In fairness, it should be noted that borrowing from other languages is a constant process.
Lenin also proposed "to declare war on the use of foreign words unnecessarily", and the intricacies of relations and mutual accusations of Slavophiles and Westerners entered the textbooks, as well as the textbook proposals to replace other people's "galoshes" with their "wet feet", and "sidewalks" - with "toptalisches".
In the 1940s, a new wave: the struggle against cosmopolitanism suggested “for everything Russian against foreign ”, including in the language.
A printer is a printer?
Meanwhile, all – both supporters and opponents – agree that there are concepts in their native language that came after the phenomena, realities created in other countries, and therefore the words denoting them, well, not ours, but they can not do without them.
A striking example is the computer, IT technologies and everything related to them.
The word “printer ” cannot be replaced by a Russian translation from English, since“ printer ” does not mean a device for printing, but a person engaged in this process.
By the way, this phenomenon is not new: even under Peter I, who “cut through the window to Europe ”, dozens of Dutch and German words for technologies and mechanisms poured into Russia.
And in opera, many terms are borrowed from Italian and have long been part of the Russian language.
And we calmly use such words as “federation ”,“ sphere ”, “national ”,“ commission ” and many others that came from foreign languages, but are firmly entrenched in our own.
How to be
in one bow
Meanwhile, one cannot but agree with the authors of the bill: recently, the speech of deputies of different ranks, officials, political and economic experts, heads of federal and regional, and sometimes local authorities is simply replete with foreign words that have simple and understandable analogues in their native language.
And if we are almost reconciled with merchandisers (commodity scientists in our own way), then what do you think of the expression from the fashion world “in one bow ”?
The well-known vegetable has nothing to do with it: in English look - look, therefore, in Russian it is an image, appearance, look, etc. In texts related to business, "marketplace" (literally from the English place of trade), as well as "startup" (start, start, take the first steps) or "webinar" (training video conference live).
In the field of education, they like to talk about “bullying prevention ”: this word means ridicule, bullying of children at school by peers.
Increasingly, “campus ” sounds, while the translation from Latin is a familiar campus for many of us, or“ coach ” instead of the usual “coach ”,“ mentor ”.
Abilympics
with WorldSkills
I will also swing at my favorite “quest ” recently: again with the English“ game, search ”.
I do not like the sequestered budget, because it is “cut ”, but transparent is more to my liking, because it is“ open ”, “transparent ”.
And who will prove to me that “exchange of practices ” is better than the usual“ exchange of experience ”?
Or for days on TV reported about the participation of Russians in the championship "Abilympics".
You will break the language by pronouncing, although this is only a competition in professional skills among the disabled, in another way they are also called the “Olympics of opportunities ”.
From the same series, the widely distributed “WorldSkills ” (WorldSkills) is also a competition, but students studying a particular profession.
We have such competitions took place in the times of the USSR, then they were safely forgotten, and now they are back again, only in a Western manner.
And here is another illustrative example: the all-Russian social project “Agrofoodsharing ”.
We divide abracadabra into parts: agro - of course, something related to agriculture.
In English, food – food, share – share.
As a result, we get a movement of agricultural producers who want to share with other people the surplus of their crops.
The idea, of course, is good, right, but why break the language?
And finally from the sore: "solving cases." Brilliant!
In English, the word “case ” has two meanings: a briefcase, a suitcase and the second – circumstances.
Therefore, in Russian literally "the decision of circumstances" or, as the know-it-all Internet interprets, "the study of the situation and the choice of a suitable solution."
They will leave themselves
on your own?
Most likely, the desire to cleanse the language by introducing a law at the state level is an attempt to distance oneself from the West, its influence, to isolate oneself from someone else ’ s and alien mentality, lifestyle and dubious values.
However, it is not very clear what it will look like in practice: will there be lists of prohibited words and expressions or just recommendations, and addressed to high-ranking officials and other “persons in the TV ” – after all, it is with their filing that all sorts of newfangled borrowings from foreign languages often go“ to people ”.
However, a few decades ago, our teachers at the Yelets Pedagogical Institute hammered us, students, that the language is a self-cleaning system, and all harmful, fake after a while will simply disappear.
It has always been so, and I want to believe it will be so.
KSTATI:
I assume that all borrowings are from our haste, eternal saving of time even on pronunciation and writing of words.
We usually write in sms a short, indifferent “OK ”.
While in the native language for this almost a dozen words: “good ”,“ okay ”, “agree ”,“ give ”, “let ”,“ good ”, etc. No wonder there is a catch phrase: “Speech is better than any passport ”...
Tatyana SHCHERBATYKH
VRF News

However, the main problem is how this document will work in practice.

At the same time, what is recorded in official documents, already, as they say in a well-known saying, "you can not cut down with an axe."

In the state Duma has developed a bill to combat anglicisms.

Title:

Content: The State Duma has developed a bill to combat anglicisms - RIA Novosti, 26.04.2022
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
In the state Duma has developed a bill to combat anglicisms
Head of the State Duma Committee on Culture Yampolskaya is preparing a bill to combat anglicisms
© RIA Novosti / Maxim Blinov / Go to photobankSigns of tour operators "Intourist" and Thomas Cook
Signs of tour operators "Intourist" and Thomas Cook.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
MOSCOW, April 26 – RIA Novosti.
The head of the Duma Committee on culture Elena Yampolskaya (“United Russia ”) said that is preparing a project to toughen the fight against borrowing from other languages on the signs of outdoor advertising.
“The draft law is now ready.
And we'll start talking to our colleagues, we'll start talking.
We need to tighten the norm against anglicisms...
We will introduce in the near future, first to the discussion of the faction and the party, and then all interested departments.
This is to the issue of creating a nationally oriented environment, "Yampolskaya said at a press conference.
Matvienko urged to protect the Russian language from external borrowings
She also gave data on the number of signs in foreign languages in Russian cities.
“We just walked through the central streets and counted the number of signs (in foreign languages).
This is not a purely Moscow disease, I see in other cities.
The statistics are as follows: there are more Latin signs on the central streets by 30-50% than signs in Russian, "Yampolskaya said.
According to her, with a change in this situation, it is necessary to start the creation of a "nationally oriented environment".
“And (when you walk around the city) you already begin to not understand what country we live in.
What is the state language here?
And if in the case of trademarks it is at least somehow possible to explain, then if Russian words with incomprehensible provincial ponts are written in Latin, then this (is) a bad taste fashion.
In fact, the creation I would have started with (creating the environment), ” she added.
VTsIOM found out how Russians relate to borrowings in the Russian language
News feed
0
New firstOld firstFirst
loader
On-line
Title of the material to be opened
To participate in the discussion
log in or register
loader
Chats
Title of the material to be opened

The draft law is now ready.

Title:

Content: The State Duma has developed a bill to combat anglicisms - RIA Novosti, 26.04.2022
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
In the state Duma has developed a bill to combat anglicisms
Head of the State Duma Committee on Culture Yampolskaya is preparing a bill to combat anglicisms
© RIA Novosti / Maxim Blinov / Go to photobankSigns of tour operators "Intourist" and Thomas Cook
Signs of tour operators "Intourist" and Thomas Cook.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
MOSCOW, April 26 – RIA Novosti.
The head of the Duma Committee on culture Elena Yampolskaya (“United Russia ”) said that is preparing a project to toughen the fight against borrowing from other languages on the signs of outdoor advertising.
“The draft law is now ready.
And we'll start talking to our colleagues, we'll start talking.
We need to tighten the norm against anglicisms...
We will introduce in the near future, first to the discussion of the faction and the party, and then all interested departments.
This is to the issue of creating a nationally oriented environment, "Yampolskaya said at a press conference.
Matvienko urged to protect the Russian language from external borrowings
She also gave data on the number of signs in foreign languages in Russian cities.
“We just walked through the central streets and counted the number of signs (in foreign languages).
This is not a purely Moscow disease, I see in other cities.
The statistics are as follows: there are more Latin signs on the central streets by 30-50% than signs in Russian, "Yampolskaya said.
According to her, with a change in this situation, it is necessary to start the creation of a "nationally oriented environment".
“And (when you walk around the city) you already begin to not understand what country we live in.
What is the state language here?
And if in the case of trademarks it is at least somehow possible to explain, then if Russian words with incomprehensible provincial ponts are written in Latin, then this (is) a bad taste fashion.
In fact, the creation I would have started with (creating the environment), ” she added.
VTsIOM found out how Russians relate to borrowings in the Russian language
News feed
0
New firstOld firstFirst
loader
On-line
Title of the material to be opened
To participate in the discussion
log in or register
loader
Chats
Title of the material to be opened

The state Duma adopted in the first reading the bill on the protection of the Russian language from foreign borrowings.

Title:

Content: The state Duma adopted in the first reading the bill on the protection of the Russian language from foreign borrowings
The bill on the protection of the Russian language from foreign borrowings passed the first reading in the State Duma of the Russian Federation.
The document proposes to prohibit the use of foreign words except those that do not have common analogues in the state language.
Back to article
Picture of the day
top

According to her, both France and other countries do not allow to clog their languages, and in Russia should avoid the use of foreign words that have analogues in Russian.

Title:

Content: Matvienko read a poem about anglicisms in the Federation Council - RIA Novosti, 22.06.2022
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
Matvienko read a poem about Anglicisms in the Federation Council
Matvienko read a poem about Anglicisms at a meeting of the Federation Council
© Press Service of the Federation Council of the Russian Federation / Go to photobanPresident of the Federation Council of the Russian Federation Valentina Matvienko
Chairman of the Federation Council of the Russian Federation Valentina Matvienko.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
MOSCOW, June 22 - RIA Novosti.
Speaker of the Federation Council Valentina Matvienko, during the discussion on Anglicisms and foreign borrowings in Russian, read poems on this topic and did it so artistically that she earned friendly applause from senators.
On Wednesday, all senators received a dictionary compiled by Crimean officials that transmits Russian-language substitutes for foreign borrowing.
Matvienko praised its authors and read out the poems included in the handbook.
Konstantinov told how in the Crimea are struggling with the dominance of foreign words
"And we have a workshop here, and you?
And we got a babysitter hypanula the wrong word.
A year of PR parent together with the child on a talk show.
And we have a famous guru in the field of architecture made a selfie for PR, the bow he chose extreme.
Realizing all our trables, in nostalgic sadness we remember how boyfriends were called grooms, instead of casting, our mothers held and not men, and men gave flowers to girls.
The party was a party, the upgrade was an improvement.
Maybe after all we have enough Russians to offend people? "- read Matvienko.
The senators greeted her reading with loud applause.
The speaker also suggested discussing the possibility of fixing at the legislative level a ban on clogging the Russian language with spilled borrowings.
“Cashback ” as it was, and it is, and all this is pronounced at the government level.
Well, there are analogues in the Russian language, why do we clog our beautiful wonderful unique language with such different words?
We need to look at it at the legislative level.
Our responsibility is to preserve the language of Pushkin, the language of which we are proud and to stop these new trends that are absolutely inappropriate, ” Matvienko said.
According to her, both France and other countries do not allow to clog their languages, and in Russia should avoid the use of foreign words that have analogues in Russian.
The task to study the issue was given to the profile committee on science, education and culture.
From Proto-Slavic to Modern: Evolution and Features of the Russian Language
News feed
0
New firstOld firstFirst
loader
On-line
Title of the material to be opened
To participate in the discussion
log in or register
loader
Chats
Title of the material to be opened

The task to study the issue was given to the profile committee on science, education and culture.

Title:

Content: Matvienko read a poem about anglicisms in the Federation Council - RIA Novosti, 22.06.2022
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
Matvienko read a poem about Anglicisms in the Federation Council
Matvienko read a poem about Anglicisms at a meeting of the Federation Council
© Press Service of the Federation Council of the Russian Federation / Go to photobanPresident of the Federation Council of the Russian Federation Valentina Matvienko
Chairman of the Federation Council of the Russian Federation Valentina Matvienko.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
MOSCOW, June 22 - RIA Novosti.
Speaker of the Federation Council Valentina Matvienko, during the discussion on Anglicisms and foreign borrowings in Russian, read poems on this topic and did it so artistically that she earned friendly applause from senators.
On Wednesday, all senators received a dictionary compiled by Crimean officials that transmits Russian-language substitutes for foreign borrowing.
Matvienko praised its authors and read out the poems included in the handbook.
Konstantinov told how in the Crimea are struggling with the dominance of foreign words
"And we have a workshop here, and you?
And we got a babysitter hypanula the wrong word.
A year of PR parent together with the child on a talk show.
And we have a famous guru in the field of architecture made a selfie for PR, the bow he chose extreme.
Realizing all our trables, in nostalgic sadness we remember how boyfriends were called grooms, instead of casting, our mothers held and not men, and men gave flowers to girls.
The party was a party, the upgrade was an improvement.
Maybe after all we have enough Russians to offend people? "- read Matvienko.
The senators greeted her reading with loud applause.
The speaker also suggested discussing the possibility of fixing at the legislative level a ban on clogging the Russian language with spilled borrowings.
“Cashback ” as it was, and it is, and all this is pronounced at the government level.
Well, there are analogues in the Russian language, why do we clog our beautiful wonderful unique language with such different words?
We need to look at it at the legislative level.
Our responsibility is to preserve the language of Pushkin, the language of which we are proud and to stop these new trends that are absolutely inappropriate, ” Matvienko said.
According to her, both France and other countries do not allow to clog their languages, and in Russia should avoid the use of foreign words that have analogues in Russian.
The task to study the issue was given to the profile committee on science, education and culture.
From Proto-Slavic to Modern: Evolution and Features of the Russian Language
News feed
0
New firstOld firstFirst
loader
On-line
Title of the material to be opened
To participate in the discussion
log in or register
loader
Chats
Title of the material to be opened

In her opinion, excessive abuse of Anglicisms leads to the loss of native Russian speech.

Title:

Content: 18 +
The Accounts Chamber has developed a course of “understandable ” Russian language for officials
10: 31, 21 December 2021
Photo: Sergey Bulkin / NEWS.ru
Read us in Google News
The Accounts Chamber has developed a training video course for officials with recommendations on “how to write more easily about complex state issues. ”
The course consists of 24 videos with a total duration of four hours.
Its creation cost 1.375 million rubles, according to the website of the Accounts Chamber.
The main goal of the training course is the development of competencies of business speech and improving the clarity, accessibility of official documents, the report says.
rian _ en / t.me / RIA Novosti
Despite the fact that the course is based on examples and materials from the reports of the Accounts Chamber, it is noted that it can be useful for all employees of state bodies.
The course is divided into three blocks: "Fundamentals of information structuring", "Lexical and stylistic content of the text" and "Visual content".
Initially, the video was posted on the internal training platform of the Accounts Chamber, but due to the interest shown in it by other ministries and departments, it was decided to publish it in open access.
Now you can watch video tutorials and get presentations for the course on the YouTube channel of the Accounts Chamber.
rian _ en / t.me / RIA Novosti
It is reported that the services for the creation of these training materials and consultations for the staff of the chamber were spent 1.375 million rubles.
Earlier, the Chairman of the Federation Council Valentina Matvienko urged to treat the Russian language with respect, excluding from it the words “cashback ” and“ carsharing ”.
In her opinion, excessive abuse of Anglicisms leads to the loss of native Russian speech.
That is why she proposed to replace the above-mentioned borrowings with Russian analogues.
rian _ en / t.me / RIA Novosti
The most interesting - in our channel Yandex.Zen

Therefore, it is important that there are clear criteria for all this.

**Supporting sentences giving sociocultural/political context (borrowing as a process, and attempts to intervene):**

11.

In fairness, it should be noted that borrowing from other languages is a constant process.

The idea, of course, is good, right, but why break the language?

There should be no excesses: a sociologist about the law on the protection of language.

Title:

Content: There should be no excesses: a sociologist about the law on the protection of language - RIA Novosti Crimea, 29.10.2022
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
Radio "Sputnik in Crimea"
There should be no excesses: a sociologist about the law on the protection of language
Political scientist Kiselyova appreciated the bill on the protection of the Russian language
Read in
SIMFEROPOL, 29 oct - RIA Novosti Crimea.
The emergence of a law in the Russian Federation on the protection of the Russian language from excessive borrowing is appropriate, but there should be no excesses in this matter.
This opinion on the air of the radio "Sputnik in Crimea" expressed the head of the Crimean branch of the Foundation for the development of civil society, sociologist Natalia Kiseleva.
Crimean teachers spoke out against the language repression of young people > >
Earlier, a draft law on amendments to the Federal Law "On the State Language of the Russian Federation" appeared in the system of ensuring legislative activity.
The amendments provide for the protection of the Russian language from the excessive influence of borrowed words.
In particular, we propose the emergence of normative dictionaries that fix the norms of the modern Russian literary language, where foreign words cannot be entered, with the exception of those that have no analogues in the Russian language.
Leave the “barn ” and“ dog ” alone: a linguist about the law on the protection of language
“I am a supporter of this bill.
I think it should be adopted a long time ago, because we really see an unjustified dominance of foreign words.
At the same time, I, of course, do not propose to abandon all borrowed words - many of them have long and firmly entered the Russian language and became part of it, "Kiseleva said.
The sociologist emphasizes that it is impossible to introduce language restrictions in colloquial speech, especially among young people, and this is not the case in the new bill.
At the same time, in her opinion, the official use of the language should be regulated:
In the Crimea proposed to introduce fines for foreign words in advertising > >
“It ’ s about officials, the media.
For example, the latest fashionable foreign word "hub" - representatives of government agencies use it everywhere, although there is a great word in the Russian language "node": transport hub, interchange and so on, "- gives an example of a guest ether.
Dictionary for the replacement of anglicisms needs improvement – opinion
In addition, according to Kiseleva, it is appropriate not only to regulate the use of the Russian language in the official sphere, but also to simplify the language of regulatory documents so that the ordinary citizen can understand legal norms, which now often require interpretation by lawyers.
Earlier, Andrei Kibrik, a researcher at the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, commented on the relevant bill, expressed the opinion that the artificial regulation of any language, including the Russian language, is a vain and even harmful idea, since borrowing is part of a natural process that cannot be stopped or reversed.
News feed
0
New firstOld firstFirst
loader
On-line
Title of the material to be opened

According to him, youth slang is changing so quickly that such loanwords rarely take root for a long time.

Title:

Content: The State Duma has developed a bill to combat anglicisms - RIA Novosti, 26.04.2022
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
In the state Duma has developed a bill to combat anglicisms
Head of the State Duma Committee on Culture Yampolskaya is preparing a bill to combat anglicisms
© RIA Novosti / Maxim Blinov / Go to photobankSigns of tour operators "Intourist" and Thomas Cook
Signs of tour operators "Intourist" and Thomas Cook.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
MOSCOW, April 26 – RIA Novosti.
The head of the Duma Committee on culture Elena Yampolskaya (“United Russia ”) said that is preparing a project to toughen the fight against borrowing from other languages on the signs of outdoor advertising.
“The draft law is now ready.
And we'll start talking to our colleagues, we'll start talking.
We need to tighten the norm against anglicisms...
We will introduce in the near future, first to the discussion of the faction and the party, and then all interested departments.
This is to the issue of creating a nationally oriented environment, "Yampolskaya said at a press conference.
Matvienko urged to protect the Russian language from external borrowings
She also gave data on the number of signs in foreign languages in Russian cities.
“We just walked through the central streets and counted the number of signs (in foreign languages).
This is not a purely Moscow disease, I see in other cities.
The statistics are as follows: there are more Latin signs on the central streets by 30-50% than signs in Russian, "Yampolskaya said.
According to her, with a change in this situation, it is necessary to start the creation of a "nationally oriented environment".
“And (when you walk around the city) you already begin to not understand what country we live in.
What is the state language here?
And if in the case of trademarks it is at least somehow possible to explain, then if Russian words with incomprehensible provincial ponts are written in Latin, then this (is) a bad taste fashion.
In fact, the creation I would have started with (creating the environment), ” she added.
VTsIOM found out how Russians relate to borrowings in the Russian language
News feed
0
New firstOld firstFirst
loader
On-line
Title of the material to be opened
To participate in the discussion
log in or register
loader
Chats
Title of the material to be opened

I assume that all borrowings are from our haste, eternal saving of time even on pronunciation and writing of words.

**Summary statement:**
- The Russian government is developing and adopting legislation to protect the Russian language from foreign borrowings, especially Anglicisms, with proposed laws aiming to limit their use in official contexts, except when no Russian equivalent exists.

Title:

Content: Communists are asking for clarity
The Deputy of the Moscow City Duma proposes to simplify the language of laws
The Deputy of the Moscow city Duma Elena Yanchuk (CPRF) this week will submit a bill, which proposes to simplify the language of the capital ’ s regulations.
Modern laws, in her opinion, are overloaded with complex turnovers, highly specialized terms and bureaucratic jargon.
This does not allow people whose lives are regulated by these norms to fully understand them and influence the change in their content, Ms. Yanchuk believes.
United Russia says that developments in this direction are already underway, in particular, in the field of replacing foreign analogues of Russian words.
The bill proposes to supplement Article 11 of the law “On legal acts of the city of Moscow ” with a norm on the simplification of their language: the presentation should be“ simple and understandable ”, which means that when writing they should avoid “clerisms, professional jargons, borrowed words and complex syntactic constructions ”.
In the explanatory note, Elena Yanchuk refers to the scientific monograph of 2018 of the Research Institute of Problems of the State Language of St. Petersburg University, which notes that the language of legislative acts is understood by “no more than five percent of the country ’ s residents ”.
According to the MP, the complexity of the presentation of laws “leads to misunderstanding between the government and society ”, and the correction of the situation will contribute to the“ development of civil society ” and “the implementation of fundamental constitutional principles. ”
In particular, Ms. Yanchuk notes that according to the law on legal acts, residents of the capital “are subjects of lawmaking ”, but it is“ difficult without a deep understanding ” of the laws, which makes it necessary to state them “in a simple and understandable language. ”
The Communist also recalls the experience of other countries: in particular, New Zealand, which adopted a similar law last fall, and the United States, which enshrined similar rules in 2010.
To prove the necessity of changing the language of laws, Elena Yanchuk researched several regulations of Moscow with the help of linguists.
They pointed to the accumulation of involved turnover and the frequent use of highly specialized and foreign language terms (for example, “sequestration of expenses ” and“ listing of securities ”).
Ms. Yanchuk emphasizes that her initiative does not imply the introduction of any restrictions for ordinary people and concerns only the unjustified use of foreign words.
“The bill does not set the task of inventing or selecting Russian synonyms for all words borrowed from other languages, of which there are many in our language, ” the explanatory note says.
It should be noted that on December 13, the State Duma adopted in the first reading a bill clarifying the procedure for the use of foreign words at the state level.
The document proposes to oblige officials to observe the “norms of the Russian literary language ”, comparing them and permissible foreign words with reference books to be developed by the government.
Proposals to cleanse the language of laws from unnecessary clerisms are periodically expressed, since this is dictated by the need for an unambiguous understanding of the meaning of the document, the head of the Moscow City Duma Commission on Legislation Alexander Semennikov (United Russia) told Kommersant.
There are developments in this direction, the deputy noted, citing the above-mentioned law “On the state language ” as an example.
“In addition, there is judicial and law enforcement practice of interpretation of terms and verbal blocks, — said Mr. Semennikov. — It is clear that in one day it is impossible to change, because there is a huge array of already adopted laws, set out in a certain style and lexical uniformity.
Simultaneously go from the language, conditionally, "War and Peace" to the syllable of the fairy tale about Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka is unreal. "
However, the bill has not yet been submitted to the city Duma, and to look at what is written and how it is written, “it will be interesting, ” the deputy added.
Kira Heifetz
Download news...
Download news...
Download news...
Download news...
Download news...
Download news...
Download news...
Download news...
Download news...
Download news...
Download news...

The legislation reflects concerns over cultural identity and the vitality of native language, similar to policies in France and other countries.

Title:

Content: The State Duma has developed a bill to combat anglicisms - RIA Novosti, 26.04.2022
Registration was successful!
Please follow the link from the letter sent to
In the state Duma has developed a bill to combat anglicisms
Head of the State Duma Committee on Culture Yampolskaya is preparing a bill to combat anglicisms
© RIA Novosti / Maxim Blinov / Go to photobankSigns of tour operators "Intourist" and Thomas Cook
Signs of tour operators "Intourist" and Thomas Cook.
Archive photo
Read ria.ru in
MOSCOW, April 26 – RIA Novosti.
The head of the Duma Committee on culture Elena Yampolskaya (“United Russia ”) said that is preparing a project to toughen the fight against borrowing from other languages on the signs of outdoor advertising.
“The draft law is now ready.
And we'll start talking to our colleagues, we'll start talking.
We need to tighten the norm against anglicisms...
We will introduce in the near future, first to the discussion of the faction and the party, and then all interested departments.
This is to the issue of creating a nationally oriented environment, "Yampolskaya said at a press conference.
Matvienko urged to protect the Russian language from external borrowings
She also gave data on the number of signs in foreign languages in Russian cities.
“We just walked through the central streets and counted the number of signs (in foreign languages).
This is not a purely Moscow disease, I see in other cities.
The statistics are as follows: there are more Latin signs on the central streets by 30-50% than signs in Russian, "Yampolskaya said.
According to her, with a change in this situation, it is necessary to start the creation of a "nationally oriented environment".
“And (when you walk around the city) you already begin to not understand what country we live in.
What is the state language here?
And if in the case of trademarks it is at least somehow possible to explain, then if Russian words with incomprehensible provincial ponts are written in Latin, then this (is) a bad taste fashion.
In fact, the creation I would have started with (creating the environment), ” she added.
VTsIOM found out how Russians relate to borrowings in the Russian language
News feed
0
New firstOld firstFirst
loader
On-line
Title of the material to be opened
To participate in the discussion
log in or register
loader
Chats
Title of the material to be opened

There is ongoing debate on the practicality and effectiveness of such interventions, acknowledging that borrowing is a natural linguistic process, but highlighting perceived threats to language purity and cultural heritage.

Here are the key sentences extracted from your provided text, focusing on your interests in borrowings from English, their sociocultural and political context, and governmental interventions to prevent or regulate such borrowings:

1.

Title:

Content: A leap for non-English speakers.
Here is a list of the most widely used foreign languages in America.
One in five Americans speak a foreign language.
Borrowing words creates a cultural history.
Official figures in the United States show that the number of non-English speakers at home has tripled over three decades.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the number of people using a foreign language other than English in the country has risen to about 67 million, equivalent to the population of a country like Britain.
In other words, one in five Americans speaks a foreign language; 78% of Americans speak only English at home, meaning that a growing 21.6% do not speak English at home.
Many may not know that there are between 350 and 430 languages spoken in the United States, making it one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world, according to the NGO Translators Without Borders, while official figures say there are 350 languages in the country.
English is the most commonly used language in the United States, yet it is not the official language of the country; there is no provision in the US Constitution explicitly stating that English is the official language, as other countries' constitutions do, and the Founding Fathers of the United States did not find the need to grant English such status.
Since the American community is a gathering of immigrants, they speak the language of their origins and speak it with those coming from those origins, according to the US State Department ’ s website America Share.
The list of the most widely used foreign languages in the United States includes Spanish, Chinese, Tagalog (spoken by some Filipinos), Vietnamese, and Arabic, which have been ranked as the most widely used languages in America, being used by more than 3.49 million people, according to Sky News Arabia.
It's not negative.
The increasing use of spoken languages in the United States is enriching the English language, which is constantly evolving by borrowing words from those languages, according to Susan Kemer, professor of linguistics at Rice University.
Kemer says part of the cultural history of English speakers is to borrow words from other languages they came into contact with.
News you might like.
No stories found.
Sabq Electronic Newspaper
sabq.org

**Kemer says part of the cultural history of English speakers is to borrow words from other languages they came into contact with.

Title:

Content: A leap for non-English speakers.
Here is a list of the most widely used foreign languages in America.
One in five Americans speak a foreign language.
Borrowing words creates a cultural history.
Official figures in the United States show that the number of non-English speakers at home has tripled over three decades.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the number of people using a foreign language other than English in the country has risen to about 67 million, equivalent to the population of a country like Britain.
In other words, one in five Americans speaks a foreign language; 78% of Americans speak only English at home, meaning that a growing 21.6% do not speak English at home.
Many may not know that there are between 350 and 430 languages spoken in the United States, making it one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world, according to the NGO Translators Without Borders, while official figures say there are 350 languages in the country.
English is the most commonly used language in the United States, yet it is not the official language of the country; there is no provision in the US Constitution explicitly stating that English is the official language, as other countries' constitutions do, and the Founding Fathers of the United States did not find the need to grant English such status.
Since the American community is a gathering of immigrants, they speak the language of their origins and speak it with those coming from those origins, according to the US State Department ’ s website America Share.
The list of the most widely used foreign languages in the United States includes Spanish, Chinese, Tagalog (spoken by some Filipinos), Vietnamese, and Arabic, which have been ranked as the most widely used languages in America, being used by more than 3.49 million people, according to Sky News Arabia.
It's not negative.
The increasing use of spoken languages in the United States is enriching the English language, which is constantly evolving by borrowing words from those languages, according to Susan Kemer, professor of linguistics at Rice University.
Kemer says part of the cultural history of English speakers is to borrow words from other languages they came into contact with.
News you might like.
No stories found.
Sabq Electronic Newspaper
sabq.org

**

2.

Title:

Content: Thursday 29th September 2022 Abu Dhabi UAE
Prayer times
News Highlights
Today 's Issue
Today 's Issue
A culture
The translation strategy.
between necessity and reality.
The translation strategy.
between necessity and reality.
September 29, 2022 01: 11
Ezzedine Care
The translator has an important role to play in strengthening the capacities of the local culture by providing it with new insights and different experiences.
It is a vital need that is not without a culture that aspires to development and renewal.
Therefore, even flourishing cultures that are strongly present in the international arena are indispensable for translation.
There is no doubt that the current Arab culture is in the greatest need to attract foreign businesses, to stimulate the local culture and link it to what is happening in the global arena.
Communication with the global product follows two paths: the direct use of the foreign language and the translation path, the first path is elitist and exclusive, and it is difficult to turn the thought and literature of the other into a popular and widely circulated material, while the second path, the translation path and the acquisition of knowledge from language to language, is able to “invest knowledge ” in foreign work and integrate it into a cultural cycle. widely consumed.
Within the contemporary Arab context, there is often a dispute among intellectuals about how to get Arab culture out of the monotony of its statements, the fragility of its theses, and the narrowness of its outlook in various fields.
In fact, this transgression can only be achieved through structural changes that cover several sectors, including the intensification of the transmission of the experiences of others, cognitive, literary and artistic, and arguing with them and dialogue with them, and then keep abreast of what is happening in the global cultural movement and show its paths.
There is no doubt that we have many fields of knowledge that are of ruthless origin and fragile foundations, especially in the fields of the humanities and social sciences, and in the fields of knowledge of other civilizations and religions.
A series of approaches emerged, and a range of approaches developed, outside the incubator of Arab culture.
We did not keep up with her labor, and we did not follow up on the controversy about it, which made us not succeed in employing her capabilities well.
For example, it is not enough to study sociology and its history in a lackluster scholastic way, as it is prevalent in our universities, but to keep abreast of developments, to be aware of our urgent needs, to touch with the experiences of others, and to draw inspiration from their possibilities, in order to approach the functional Arabization of that science and others.
A cultural tributary
It is noticeable, in the midst of the effort exerted by Arab translators and sponsoring institutions, that the proportion of translation of the novel and the story - despite the limited quantity and quality - is what dominates us in the achievements of translation into Arabic, for purely commercial reasons.
The market for a novel translated into Arabic is in the hands of private publishing houses, which comply with the law of supply and demand and are unable, in their current situation, to adopt a national strategy in translation.
Hence, considerable foreign literature, intellectual and analytical, as well as major references in the study of literature, history, religion and philosophy, continue to suffer from a clear lack in the list of works that should be translated and contribute to Arab culture.
Based on this, I always insist that translation as a cultural asset is essentially a state strategy, and cannot be assumed by the private sector, although it contributes with a significant effort, because state-backed institutions are best able to establish meaningful and clear structural projects, such as the translation of dictionaries, encyclopedias and major references to the international code, in thought, cinema, literature and other arts in various fields of knowledge.
In the case of the current Arab publishing sector and its confused conditions, targeted translation cannot be carried out or handled by publishing houses, and their conditions are similar to those of grocery stores in dealing with goods and customers.
Prioritize
Talking about the structural issues of translation dictates the meaning of translation strategy.
In what we mean by strategy, it means understanding the culture of the meaning of its presence in the world, and its keenness to take note of what is happening in other cultures, which is vital for every culture interacting with the world, and whenever that flame fades, the local culture enters into a hibernation and stagnation.
As we speak about translation strategy, one question is worth asking: How does the prioritization of the translation industry fit into the current line of Arab publishing houses?
It is evident in the dominance of literary translation, which is summarized in the translation of the novel, guided by the lists of Western « best seller », and through selections of names popular in the publishing market, although sometimes lack to include cultural or literary issues meaningful to us other than being popular in the arena.
It is noteworthy that private Arab publishing houses have declined significantly from the 1980s and beyond, a period that witnessed the translation of important foreign works that contributed to the promotion and development of Arab thought.
A number of Arab publishing houses and research centers carried a clear and purposeful intellectual message, and employed the capabilities of the Arabic translator and directed them towards this direction.
Today, this directive has become lukewarm to the decline of incentives and the loss of major goals, not to mention the subordination of publishing houses in general to the logic of commercial competition, so that most of the owners of Arab publishing houses are closer to the world of trade and business than to the world of culture and intellectuals, although many of them are disguised as originally poets and writers and the like.
In light of this decline, it is necessary that the official bodies, with a national and national dimension, pay attention to the correction of the tracks, and bet again on the responsibility of promoting the awareness of the Arab man, in order to connect the reader with the creativity that is taking place in the global arena, at the intellectual, philosophical and literary levels, until the translation emerges from the state of confusion and confusion.
Painful reality.
From my own experience in the fields of translation and revision from foreign languages, especially those related to the humanities and social sciences, I do not see the eagerness or passion of private publishing houses to publish “heavy ” works.
If the owners of these roles accept the publication of an author of this type, the process often hides behind it disasters: violation of rights, burglary of efforts, with a low price for the translator - if available - that leads to frustration and non-repetition.
The blatant violation of the rights of the translator brings him closer to acquiescing to the system of forced labour than to playing a noble civilizational role.
This grievance, which has dominated the Arabic translator for decades, has raised the lid of the Kalima project in Abu Dhabi since its inception, with its keenness to appreciate the efforts of the translator and the author, and therefore the project represented a challenge to unfair traditions in the translation sector that did not take into account the minimum rights.
As a result of the loss of translation strategy, we have lost the professional translator of the translation work, and perhaps looking to develop a translation project within the limits of his possibilities and ambitions.
Therefore, Arab translators have a nomadic nature between the arts of works and works, and translation achievements are a marginal aspect of their preoccupations, not their permanent occupation or their ethereal project.
I asked a capable Arabic translator: Why not just do the translation, in order to avoid distracting your efforts and to preserve your energy?
He replied, “To achieve a decent living, the Arabic translator has to diversify the sources of income, otherwise he will be overwhelmed.
Therefore, most of our translators, in the field of transfer of works, studies and research, often work in a sudden and emergency, if they win a contract with an institution to accomplish a work, not to mention the loss of their own projects to focus on a particular field or engage in the work of a specific writer.
All rights reserved to Al Ittihad Newspaper 2022 ©

**Translation, therefore, cannot be seen only as a linguistic process, but also as having a political and social role, as has been shown in the cases mentioned in South Africa and India.

Title:

Content: Translation Studies and its Importance in Development and Renaissance
Translation Studies and its Importance in Development and Renaissance
Translated by: Hashem Kateh Lazem - Assistant Professor - Shatt Al-Arab University College - Basra [email protected]
Directed by: Anna Bernacka
In this article, Anna Bernaca highlights the translator as a mediator between different cultures. The translator ’ s role is not only to replace words from one language to another, but also to enhance our understanding of issues of evolution and innate cultures by conveying ideas across cultural and national boundaries.
The paper examines some of the case studies in which translation has played a crucial role in helping to communicate with new education and in achieving a deeper understanding of the rich and innate cultures of India and South Africa, enabling the expansion of the use of languages through education and work to secure formal protection in the constitutions and curricula of the countries concerned.
Introduction
The process is more complex than simply replacing a text in the original language with a text in the target language, it involves dealing with very subtle differences in cultural and educational aspects that can crystallize the choices and attitudes of the recipients.
Translation works cannot be produced in a cultural or political vacuum and cannot be isolated from the context in which the texts relate (Dingwaney and Maier, 1995: p.
In his book Translating Cultures, David Katan points out that a translator is a bilingual person and an intermediary between bilingual people in two different linguistic groups (2004: p.
Translators (not just mediators between different language systems, they should be mediators bridging the gap between two different cultures) or, as Aniela Korzeniowska and Piotr Kuhiwczak pointed out in the book entitled Successful Translation Tricks in English and Polish), they should be able to do so. These mediators can also be bilingual and bilingual (2006: 71), which makes translation play a fundamental role in our understanding of the cultural (other).
Translating stories from the South is a rich source of knowledge about unfamiliar languages, cultures and innate experiences, and is of paramount importance through the great benefit of understanding non-European societies.
Moreover, translation has a profound impact in the field of politics where it can be a factor for social adjustment and integration.
Translation can thus have a clear role in conveying issues relating to universal and human rights and ensuring that they are communicated to other parties.
This article aims to shed light on the different aspects of translation that are often misunderstood during a linguistic and essentially non-creative process where one textual material is replaced by another textual material.
I will first “standardize ” aspects of translation in light of the current situation in South Africa, where people speak 11 official languages recognized in the country ’ s constitution, even though English has become the dominant language.
Second, I will discuss the newly discovered Koro language and the difficulties of translating it, a sensory perception based on Whorf Hypothesis, which holds that language is shaped by the influence of the medium in which we live.
Translating a language will allow us to open doors to unfamiliar cultural and linguistic environments.
This will result in sophisticated global indicators related to translation methods and culture of evolution.
Finally, I will highlight the creative role of the translator, which often involves the development of new vocabulary in order to successfully convey the message of the original text.
As a result of this process, the interaction between the fields of translation studies and the culture of evolution will become apparent.
Explanation of meaning
Translations cannot arise out of a cultural vacuum. There is general agreement among translation scholars on the fact that the quest to transfer words as well as sentences and texts from one language to another does not oblige the translator to search only for synonyms in the target language in translating the meaning of the original text (Dunkwani and Meyer, 1995: p. Intermediates between different language systems, but they have to be mediators between different cultures.
The translator ’ s role is to mediate the transfer of ideas from the original text across cultural and national boundaries, which puts him in a unique position to understand the various issues of evolution.
The quest to translate stories from the South is therefore a critical resource of knowledge dealing with exotic languages and cultural experiences, as well as of great importance for understanding different societies and for the purposes of the culture of evolution in particular.
In South Africa, the social and political need for translation is paramount: at present, people in South Africa speak eleven languages recognized by the country's constitution, not just two, as in previous years, although some critics argue that multilingualism is nothing more than a facade given the predominance of the English language.
The Government was never prepared to deal with a complex language project in which native languages could coexist on the basis of equality.
As a result, English has regularly become the only means of communication in everyday political, economic and educational life.
Other languages, notably Zulu and Xhosa, have been ignored in the social, cultural and political spheres as well as in the Afrikaans (South Africans of European descent), where the decay of languages that evolved from Dutch can be observed in South Africa (Tonkin and Frank, 2021: p.
The Institute for Comparative Literature and Society at Columbia University (ibid., p. 17) witnessed an in-depth scholarly dialogue whose main theme was the urgent need to translate innate books and other forms of literature in South Africa.
At the symposium, Antije Krog, Rosalind C. Morris and Humphrey Tonkin discussed the initiative to translate African literature into English.
Everyone agreed that the translation of African literature and culture in such a multilingual country should be seen as a very important national issue because such an approach would contribute to the dissemination of knowledge about the little-known social and linguistic groups such as the Zulu and the Hausa.
Moreover, such a project would not make other voices heard but would expand the cultural base of the English language as well as other cultures and South Africans within the framework of a multilingual discourse.
Translation cannot be seen in that context as a kind of mediation, a kind of compromise between the periphery and the center, as well as between dominant and aspiring cultures.
This translation initiative includes not only the translation of African literature but also the transmission of native African languages to the South African education sector.
In carrying out the project, which involved translation work ranging from African poets to astronomers, the scientists identified some familiar difficulties with the absence of synonyms and a "gap" in vocabulary in languages spoken in South Africa in particular.
The translation of the expression black hole, which in a direct Afrikaans translation means swartgat, was one of the linguistic difficulties the translators faced at the time, and is a cynical expression notorious for innate Africans) (ibid., p.
Antije Krug, who was responsible for translating into local languages that evolved from Dutch, had to create new vocabulary borrowed from Dutch and then incorporate it into the target language.
Moreover, a similar phenomenon has occurred in languages such as Zulu and Hausa related to scientific vocabulary.
The absence of words describing not only the universe or planetary system but also the basic expressions used in mathematics or geography has restricted the inclusion of these languages in the South African educational system.
As a result, the team of translators used their creative skills to create new words instead of using the English word in the context of the Zulu language (ibid., p. 19).
However, the concept of the vocabulary gap does not occur in the translation of English expressions into African languages.
This can also be seen in the reverse process where English lacks a synonym, for example in the Afrikaans mede-menslikheid, which literally means humanism.
Some South African scholars claim that "the formalization of various African languages was nothing more than a gesture!"
(2020), and that such a thing has a political, not a cultural, motive.
It has been officially declared that African languages have been treated fairly, according to the authors.
In fact, not much has been achieved towards the introduction of African languages, about which little is known.
At present, researchers such as Antege Krug, Rosalind C. Morris and Humphrey Tonkin are taking an initiative to encourage the translation of African languages such as Zulu and Hausa in order to make their cultures known.
Creative translation for cultural understanding
Another example of facilitating understanding of the cultures of the South is the newly discovered Kuru language, an innate language that linguists accidentally found while researching Aka and Miji, two secondary languages in India.
Kuru was discovered during a scientific mission in 2008, part of the Enduring Sounds project launched by National Geographic (see Morrison, 2010: p.
Linguists have reported that the new language has distinguished itself from other popular languages in terms of vocabulary, sounds, and linguistic structures.
Remarkably, the proximity of the Aca did not affect the Kuru much and the differences in sounds between the two languages could be compared to those between English and Japanese.
Linguists have expressed concern about this endangered language, which is spoken by only about a thousand people, because the Koru language lacks a written form (ibid.).
Such a serious situation may represent one of the political difficulties that translators will face in this regard.
However, the challenge for translation in this case is not limited to the lack of a written form of language, as Gregory Anderson, who stressed that the Koru language depicts “reality in different ways ”, pointed out that“ this language reflects the knowledge of the natural world in ways that cannot be translated into a major language ” (see Hotz, 2010).
One possible reason for the remarkable description of the world around them, as well as the environment, is the isolation of speakers of this language, who were a group (hidden) from external influences.
Based on this, and from a linguistic point of view, the Koro language can be a prime example of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, which states that language is greatly influenced by the reality in which we live.
The Koru vocabulary reflects the unique sensory perception of the world around us from this Northeast Indian tribe, and the translation of this language is a very important source of knowledge about this amazing culture and its existence.
This language embodies a profound insight into the vast world around them, their value system, and their sense of the environment in which they live.
Culturally sensitive and appropriate translations can serve as an approach to the culture of evolution in its most creative sense.
The role of translation in the culture of evolution is illustrated by the opinion of K. David Harrison, who introduced the world to this language: "The revival of language will take serious social paths in the coming decades, and such a move against globalization will greatly affect human intellectual life."
(2010: 12).
Abstracts
These examples show that translation can play an important role, such as unifying or creating new vocabulary, and that, more decisively, it is a source of knowledge about less popular foreign cultures.
Translation, therefore, cannot be seen only as a linguistic process, but also as having a political and social role, as has been shown in the cases mentioned in South Africa and India.
Translation can be seen as a means of promoting linguistic and cultural balance by enabling languages such as Hausa, Zulu or Kuru to be elevated by education and working towards formal protection through government laws and curricula.
It can also be a bridge between North and South.
We would not have known anything about the Koru language without the untiring efforts of the translators to study the innate Asian languages.
There is no doubt that translation is the main way to finally get to know the world of the Koru language, as translation helps us to see a previously unknown cultural and linguistic world.
In addition, translation provides a sophisticated and profound global indicator of both the translation approach and the culture of evolution.
References
Budick, S and Iser, W (1996) The Translability of Cultures, Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
Dingwaney, A (1995) ‘ Introduction: Translating “Third World ” Cultures ’ in A Dingwaney and C Maier (eds.)
Between Languages and Cultures, London: University of Pittsburgh Press.
Hotz Lee, R (2010) ‘ Rare Find: A New Language ’ in Environment and Science, available: http: / / online.wsj.com / article / SB10001424052748703843804575534122591921594.html (accessed 9 January 2011).
Korzeniowska, A and Kuhiwczak, P (2006) Successful Polish-English Translation Tricks of the Trade, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Krog, A, Morris C R, Tonkin H (2010) ‘ Translation as reconciliation.
A conversation about politics, translation, and multilingualism in South Africa ’ in H Tonkin and M E Frank (eds.)
The Translator as Mediator of Cultures, Amsterdam: John Benjamin ’ s Publishing Company.
Morrison, D (2010) ‘ Hidden Language Found in Remote Indian Tribe ’, National Geographic News, available: http: / / news.nationalgeographic.com / news / 2010 / 10 / 101005-lost-language-india-science / (accessed 9 January 2011).
Harrison, K D (2010) The Last Speakers: The Quest to Save the World ’ s Most Endangered Languages, Washington DC: National Geographic.
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Anna Bernaca holds a Master ’ s degree in English Literature from Dalarna University and a Master ’ s degree in Translation from Surrey University.
She currently works as a translator for a company in Britain where she is fluent in three languages: English, Swedish and Polish.
Her area of research interest focuses on translation in cultural, social, and political contexts.
(Translator)
https: / / www.developmenteducationreview.com / issue / issue-14 / importance-translation-studies-development-education
Disclaimer: All published articles represent the opinion of their authors only
Read our Privacy Policy by clicking here
By continuing to use the site, you agree to the use of cookies.
more information
The cookie settings on this website are set to "allow cookies" to give you the best browsing experience possible.
If you continue to use this website without changing your cookie settings or you click "Accept" below then you are consenting to this.
Close

**

3.

Title:

Content: A leap for non-English speakers.
Here is a list of the most widely used foreign languages in America.
One in five Americans speak a foreign language.
Borrowing words creates a cultural history.
Official figures in the United States show that the number of non-English speakers at home has tripled over three decades.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the number of people using a foreign language other than English in the country has risen to about 67 million, equivalent to the population of a country like Britain.
In other words, one in five Americans speaks a foreign language; 78% of Americans speak only English at home, meaning that a growing 21.6% do not speak English at home.
Many may not know that there are between 350 and 430 languages spoken in the United States, making it one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world, according to the NGO Translators Without Borders, while official figures say there are 350 languages in the country.
English is the most commonly used language in the United States, yet it is not the official language of the country; there is no provision in the US Constitution explicitly stating that English is the official language, as other countries' constitutions do, and the Founding Fathers of the United States did not find the need to grant English such status.
Since the American community is a gathering of immigrants, they speak the language of their origins and speak it with those coming from those origins, according to the US State Department ’ s website America Share.
The list of the most widely used foreign languages in the United States includes Spanish, Chinese, Tagalog (spoken by some Filipinos), Vietnamese, and Arabic, which have been ranked as the most widely used languages in America, being used by more than 3.49 million people, according to Sky News Arabia.
It's not negative.
The increasing use of spoken languages in the United States is enriching the English language, which is constantly evolving by borrowing words from those languages, according to Susan Kemer, professor of linguistics at Rice University.
Kemer says part of the cultural history of English speakers is to borrow words from other languages they came into contact with.
News you might like.
No stories found.
Sabq Electronic Newspaper
sabq.org

**Translations cannot arise out of a cultural vacuum.

**

4.

Title:

Content: "...
The 4th International Translation Conference begins its work today in Abu Dhabi under the title of intensifying the contents of the papers and ideas discussed in this edition of the conference. The title indicates the new horizons of translation in the world and its role in building knowledge societies.
Dialogue of civilizations and cultures, bridges of cultural and intellectual cooperation between countries and peoples and institutions of education and development in culture, knowledge, creativity and creative industries, all converge as ideas and intellectual and philosophical deliberations within one framework: “translation ”.
Translation is no longer a narrow concept determined in the transfer of literature, arts and creativity from language to language only, and translation is no longer a literary art and a system of languages moving in the linguistic horizon only, but is today a set of channels of direct communication with the “other ”.
This concept or term, which has not been researched and read on more than one intellectual face for many years, both in the East and in the West.
Translation, today, is vitally relevant to economics, politics, development, and relations between states and academic and research entities, and translation today has measurement indicators that are an immediate translation of the civic and civilizational achievements of states and peoples.
Major international research centers and institutions of field studies industry and its social and cultural indicators rely on educated translators with intellectual and philosophical backgrounds, and their ideas and views are taken as cultural priorities when making some basic decisions in many fields and disciplines.
Translation, too, is present as an intellectual and cultural divider in the world.
She attends the formulation and reformulation of international, linguistic and lexical terms, and works on a kind of international open workshop among the world ’ s living languages.
In the UAE, cultural, research and academic institutions turn to an important and key knowledge base (Arabic language), its identity, cultural and historical personality, and its knowledge presence among the languages of the world, within the framework now existing in the Emirati culture, which is translation from the languages of the world to Arabic, and in return for this civilizational role.
Translation from Arabic into the languages of the world, two parallel lines that perfectly meet the idea of   the slogan of the conference:..
The new global horizons of translation, and considering it as a linguistic and cultural phenomenon that builds knowledge societies.
The UAE culturally and civilizationally welcomes the world ’ s languages, civilizations and cultures. The UAE rejects any distinction between languages. The country ’ s cultural institutions believe in the value of dialogue, rapprochement and coexistence between languages as the first and last tongue of the world ’ s peoples, which deserves life, culture of life, coexistence and dialogue.

**The translator’s role is to mediate the transfer of ideas from the original text across cultural and national boundaries, which puts him in a unique position to understand the various issues of evolution.

**

5.

Title:

Content: A leap for non-English speakers.
Here is a list of the most widely used foreign languages in America.
One in five Americans speak a foreign language.
Borrowing words creates a cultural history.
Official figures in the United States show that the number of non-English speakers at home has tripled over three decades.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the number of people using a foreign language other than English in the country has risen to about 67 million, equivalent to the population of a country like Britain.
In other words, one in five Americans speaks a foreign language; 78% of Americans speak only English at home, meaning that a growing 21.6% do not speak English at home.
Many may not know that there are between 350 and 430 languages spoken in the United States, making it one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world, according to the NGO Translators Without Borders, while official figures say there are 350 languages in the country.
English is the most commonly used language in the United States, yet it is not the official language of the country; there is no provision in the US Constitution explicitly stating that English is the official language, as other countries' constitutions do, and the Founding Fathers of the United States did not find the need to grant English such status.
Since the American community is a gathering of immigrants, they speak the language of their origins and speak it with those coming from those origins, according to the US State Department ’ s website America Share.
The list of the most widely used foreign languages in the United States includes Spanish, Chinese, Tagalog (spoken by some Filipinos), Vietnamese, and Arabic, which have been ranked as the most widely used languages in America, being used by more than 3.49 million people, according to Sky News Arabia.
It's not negative.
The increasing use of spoken languages in the United States is enriching the English language, which is constantly evolving by borrowing words from those languages, according to Susan Kemer, professor of linguistics at Rice University.
Kemer says part of the cultural history of English speakers is to borrow words from other languages they came into contact with.
News you might like.
No stories found.
Sabq Electronic Newspaper
sabq.org

**Antije Krug, who was responsible for translating into local languages that evolved from Dutch, had to create new vocabulary borrowed from Dutch and then incorporate it into the target language.

**

6.

Title:

Content: A leap for non-English speakers.
Here is a list of the most widely used foreign languages in America.
One in five Americans speak a foreign language.
Borrowing words creates a cultural history.
Official figures in the United States show that the number of non-English speakers at home has tripled over three decades.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the number of people using a foreign language other than English in the country has risen to about 67 million, equivalent to the population of a country like Britain.
In other words, one in five Americans speaks a foreign language; 78% of Americans speak only English at home, meaning that a growing 21.6% do not speak English at home.
Many may not know that there are between 350 and 430 languages spoken in the United States, making it one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world, according to the NGO Translators Without Borders, while official figures say there are 350 languages in the country.
English is the most commonly used language in the United States, yet it is not the official language of the country; there is no provision in the US Constitution explicitly stating that English is the official language, as other countries' constitutions do, and the Founding Fathers of the United States did not find the need to grant English such status.
Since the American community is a gathering of immigrants, they speak the language of their origins and speak it with those coming from those origins, according to the US State Department ’ s website America Share.
The list of the most widely used foreign languages in the United States includes Spanish, Chinese, Tagalog (spoken by some Filipinos), Vietnamese, and Arabic, which have been ranked as the most widely used languages in America, being used by more than 3.49 million people, according to Sky News Arabia.
It's not negative.
The increasing use of spoken languages in the United States is enriching the English language, which is constantly evolving by borrowing words from those languages, according to Susan Kemer, professor of linguistics at Rice University.
Kemer says part of the cultural history of English speakers is to borrow words from other languages they came into contact with.
News you might like.
No stories found.
Sabq Electronic Newspaper
sabq.org

**There is no doubt that the current Arab culture is in the greatest need to attract foreign businesses, to stimulate the local culture and link it to what is happening in the global arena.

**

7.

Title:

Content: A leap for non-English speakers.
Here is a list of the most widely used foreign languages in America.
One in five Americans speak a foreign language.
Borrowing words creates a cultural history.
Official figures in the United States show that the number of non-English speakers at home has tripled over three decades.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the number of people using a foreign language other than English in the country has risen to about 67 million, equivalent to the population of a country like Britain.
In other words, one in five Americans speaks a foreign language; 78% of Americans speak only English at home, meaning that a growing 21.6% do not speak English at home.
Many may not know that there are between 350 and 430 languages spoken in the United States, making it one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world, according to the NGO Translators Without Borders, while official figures say there are 350 languages in the country.
English is the most commonly used language in the United States, yet it is not the official language of the country; there is no provision in the US Constitution explicitly stating that English is the official language, as other countries' constitutions do, and the Founding Fathers of the United States did not find the need to grant English such status.
Since the American community is a gathering of immigrants, they speak the language of their origins and speak it with those coming from those origins, according to the US State Department ’ s website America Share.
The list of the most widely used foreign languages in the United States includes Spanish, Chinese, Tagalog (spoken by some Filipinos), Vietnamese, and Arabic, which have been ranked as the most widely used languages in America, being used by more than 3.49 million people, according to Sky News Arabia.
It's not negative.
The increasing use of spoken languages in the United States is enriching the English language, which is constantly evolving by borrowing words from those languages, according to Susan Kemer, professor of linguistics at Rice University.
Kemer says part of the cultural history of English speakers is to borrow words from other languages they came into contact with.
News you might like.
No stories found.
Sabq Electronic Newspaper
sabq.org

**Award for Translation * How do you see the efforts of the Sheikh Zayed Book Award in serving the cultural scene in the Arab world and the world?

Title:

Content: Saturday 1 July 2023 Abu Dhabi UAE
Prayer times
News Highlights
Today 's Issue
Today 's Issue
A culture
Translation is an open bridge between cultures.
Thank you Saadi
July 1, 2023 01: 42
Sassi Jbeil (Tunisia)
Dr. Shukri Al Saadi, winner of the Sheikh Zayed Book Award 2023 Translation Branch, said that the award is considered one of the most prestigious international awards and one of the most valuable literary awards, and it is the aspiration of every thinker, researcher, translator and innovator, whether Arab or foreign.
For him, it is a generous tribute to the fruits of a painstaking and arduous effort of about five years.
In his interview with Al-Ittihad, Al-Saadi talked about the motives of his choice to translate John Searle ’ s book “The Phrase and Meaning ”, and about the current translation movement in the Arab world and the importance of the award in the translation service.
The most prominent deliberative book
Why choose the translation of the book “Phrase and Meaning ” by the American philosopher of the language John Searle?
- The book « Phrase and Meaning » from the mothers of books and basic references in the field of deliberation, a field of linguistic sciences attracted by linguistics and philosophy of language, and deals with issues of interest to those engaged in rhetoric and analysis of speech.
It is one of the major works on the subject of "linguistic works" which are also called "verbs of speech".
This book was concluded by the American philosopher of the language John Searle in his philosophical thinking before moving on to another stage related to the philosophy of the mind.
This book is based on a key idea summed up by the question: How can a speaker say something and mean something else?
That is to say, his subject is the difference between the meaning of the sentence and the meaning of the speaker, which Searle sought to analyse and explain in many linguistic and rhetorical manifestations, including imagination, metaphor, sarcasm and indirect linguistic works.
The book is also famous for its author, the American philosopher John Rogers Searle, who is considered a prominent linguist.
His views on language included the totality of what he took from his contemporaries and the concepts he himself developed.
Searle, a strong cognitive soul, was highly suggestive and creative, with little tradition and followers, inclined to contest the views of the oppressors of his time, and hardly reviews of their works an article other than examination and criticism.
He was also keen to find a position among the major conflicting theories, insisting on distinguishing his thesis from others, although it is close to what he goes to and says.
No absolute honesty in translation.
Is it easy to translate the book of Searle, whose author you said concluded the linguistic circle of his philosophical thinking with accuracy and honesty?
- Absolute honesty in translation is impossible, because some parts of the meaning can be lost when transferring from one language to another, and because some meanings are very attached to the structure of the grammatical and lexical language do not necessarily fit the structure of the language transferred to it and the habits of its people in speech. The meaning of the original text is lost, and at the same time express that meaning according to the customs of the people of the language to which it is transmitted in speech and their customs in speech.
Neighborhood, interlocutor and bypass
Q: What do you think about the current translation movement in the Arab world in light of the limited number of institutions involved in this framework?
- The volume of translations done in the Arab world is still less than hoped, and the Arabs are failing to care about translation compared to relatively small European countries such as Greece or Portugal, but it can be said that there is also today, and compared to a decade or two ago, a “translation ” awakening is reflected in the increasing number of translations done in various countries of the Arab world.
As well as the establishment of institutions and institutes specialized in translation and the launch of bodies and councils keen to support and support them, as well as the number of conferences and scientific seminars held specifically to control translation strategies and consider issues in order to promote and develop them.
This is natural, because the transfer of new sciences and new knowledge to our language is a necessary step that enables these sciences and knowledge to be represented and assimilated before reaching the stage of addition and surpassing them. By translation, Arab culture passes from the rank of neighbor to the rank of interlocutor before moving to the rank of transcendent.
Award for Translation
* How do you see the efforts of the Sheikh Zayed Book Award in serving the cultural scene in the Arab world and the world?
The Sheikh Zayed Book Award is one of the most prestigious and prestigious literary awards. It is an award that attracts thinkers, researchers, creators and translators from all over the world every year. It provides research, studies and works written in various languages or translated into several languages. It is only required to be related to Arabic language, literature, thought and culture.
What makes the award ambitious for these types of scientists and intellectuals is the multiplicity of its branches and diversity, it includes thought and creativity and relates to various fields of arts and humanities, in addition to its financial value, which rewards the efforts of creative authors and thinkers with a rewarding reward that pushes them to not be satisfied with the minimum, and to improve their works and produce them in the best way.
Related to the fields of thought, research and creativity is the field of translation, which is truly a bridge between different and divergent cultures.
What distinguishes the Sheikh Zayed Book Award in this regard is that it does not restrict translators in any of the languages, as it is open to the major international languages in which influential scientific works and literary monuments are written, which explains the large number of nominations in the translation branch, which reached a record number of 230 nominations this year.
In particular, the Sheikh Zayed Book Award entices young people, learners and researchers of all ages to learn foreign languages in order to benefit from their scientific and artistic achievements. It stimulates the spirit of competition and competition. There is no doubt that the competition for this award was the strongest since the beginning. It was created by renowned international translators whose names appeared in the long and short lists of the Award.
All rights reserved to Al Ittihad Newspaper 2023 ©

It is only required to be related to Arabic language, literature, thought and culture.

**

These sentences reflect both the processes and challenges of linguistic borrowings, the broader sociocultural and political implications, and—most germane to your request—hints at governmental or organized efforts (like translation awards or committees) to shape language policy and practices.

However, the provided text itself **does not mention explicit governmental legislation or laws** that seek to prevent or regulate borrowings, especially from English.

For your presentation, you may need to supplement this with specific case studies (such as France’s Toubon Law, Iceland’s naming committee, or language purity movements in Korea and China) from other sources.

Here are the **key sentences** from the provided text that are most relevant to your request about government intervention or attempts to control borrowings in state languages, particularly regarding borrowings from English and regulation of borrowings:

---

- "Due to the political situation in Taiwan and Hong Kong, many people will think that Hong Kong is our comrade-in-arms in this matter, and is the victim of the CCP’s more serious control in recent years."

Title:

Content: From "potato" to "cruise missile": the deliberate invasion of Chinese language cannot be generalized in terms of "natural flow of language and culture"
Photo Credit: Shutterstock
What we want you to know is
Today, the ROC is facing an invasion of the Chinese language, which is a deliberate attempt by the hostile regime to destroy the original cultural and historical context, and even to completely eliminate the language.
Text: Cr (Full-time freelance translator covering books, games, patents, contracts, etc.)
A few days ago, the newspaper reported that a textbook manufacturer used the Chinese phrase "potato" in a comic book in a national class book, and that the controversy caused by the use of the phrase "potato", and some legislators refuted on Facebook, saying that the comic book shows that both uses are used (and that the article also acknowledges that potatoes are used in the mainland), so there is no problem.
In recent years, many newspapers, magazines, and media in Taiwan have expanded their use of news, current affairs, and topics from mainland China.
Due to the convenience of publication, most of these articles do not modify the content, and only a few will occasionally supplement the Taiwanese language with parentheses, so that readers do not understand.
Before long, Taiwan ’ s electronic and print media were full of Chinese usage such as “Little Sister (Miss), ”“ This Practice (Quantitative Omission), ” and even “The United Kingdom teamed up with Japan and Italy to develop a new type of fighter (inverted grammar errors, oversimplified sentence patterns, should be“ The United Kingdom teamed up with Japan and Italy ”).
Now, when you open the TV ads, you can hardly see “smart ” products, and almost all of them are“ smart ” products.
A while ago, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) developed a suicide drone (also known as wandering ammunition, translated from English loitering munition), and sent to the media in a briefing, the content of the Chinese military's translation of the word "cruise missile".
Now, in the comic books of the book, some textbook manufacturers use the language of mainland China as "both visible names in daily life" to explain why there is a scientific name in biology.
As a professional translator, I have to identify and modify a large number of mainland Chinese, Japanese, and desktop Chinese every day, and I really feel that I have an obligation to explain it professionally.
Simplified Chinese "Simplified"
In 1950, Mao Zedong visited the Soviet Union and said that "the language of all mankind is to move to regional languages through a unified national language, and achieve a common world language" (that is, the ultimate goal of the Communist Party of China's implementation of simplified Chinese, which is to unify the world language, in fact, is to abolish Chinese). The idea of abolishing Chinese characters and replacing them with phonetic alphabets was also endorsed by Mao Zedong.
So we can see that Simplified Chinese was invented from the beginning in the premise of eliminating Chinese.
In fact, in the 1980s, the CCP did make a second wave of simplification, that is, the notorious "two simplified characters", and finally caused confusion in the use of words. Later, after the reform and opening up, the CCP began to attach importance to Chinese cultural assets, and did not further simplify it. About 500 words were deleted.
Simplified Chinese simplification is not limited to the font, word formation, translation methods, and even sentence patterns, grammar, none of which can escape the CCP ’ s policy of destroying Chinese.
For example, in the Chinese language, "report" and "report" are two different concepts. The Chinese Communist Party has translated the two usage as "report" in English, so that the translator does not have to think about what the original "report" actually means; because "several kilometers per hour" or "degrees Celsius" may be difficult to translate on some software interfaces (for example, only after a number of words). Therefore, the Chinese Communist Party changed it to "several kilometers per hour (km to kilometers is another independent change, unrelated to this matter)" and "several degrees Celsius"; in order to unify the transliteration, the foreign languages of each language are always spelled according to the way they are written, and a specific combination of letters must be a specific transliteration (so Stalin would become "Stalin"). Enumeration.
Among the many invasions of Chinese language, there are cases of particularly serious political problems, that is, the process of establishing the word itself is directly related to the political factors of the Chinese Communist Party: Iowa is only translated as “Iowa ” when used as the name of the warship (this is because the Chinese military is very close to the Soviet Union, so the name of the warship is transliterated in Russian; the name of the state is simply translated“ Iowa ”); The names of people and places in Slavic languages or related languages are mostly translated in English, while those in mainland China are mostly translated in Russian. The pronunciation of the English translation is "Hrvatska", which is completely unrelated to the Simplified Chinese translation; Croatian is a Slavic language.
What ’ s more, as foreign entertainment products, computer software, etc. are increasingly translated by Hong Kong and even mainland companies, you can occasionally even see a way to significantly devalue Taiwan.
For example, in 2005, Japan ’ s Glory (now merged into Glory Tkomo) released an online game, The Age of the Great Voyage Online.
The Chinese section of the game is translated by Tianjin Glory, so although Taiwan is one of the four cultural circles in East Asia in the original design of the Japanese factory, the Chinese interface used by the so-called "Chinese server" still has to write Taiwan as "Taiwan Island".
And this is still before the era when some people accidentally called Taiwan as a country will be launched by Little Pink.
Is the use of mainland Chinese language equivalent to a united front war?
Due to the political situation in Taiwan and Hong Kong, many people will think that Hong Kong is our comrade-in-arms in this matter, and is the victim of the CCP ’ s more serious control in recent years.
Whenever someone proposes that a usage is a mainland usage, it is often seen that someone argues that “Hong Kong is also used in this way. ”
However, in fact, Hong Kong ’ s traditional Chinese language, even before the Chinese Communist Party ’ s “You have me in your mud, I have you in my mud ”, is different from the Mandarin of the Republic of China because it is based on Cantonese.
For example, reports and reports, rides and rides, etc., there are many cases where “even if there is no CCP factor, you can clearly see the difference ”, and it is not suitable for mixed use.
What ’ s more, a large part of the “Chinese language ” that is now invading Taiwan is originally from, through, or in various other ways related to Hong Kong.

- "Without these foreign words, the Chinese language will not affect us more greatly by Hong Kong, Taiwan and China."

Title:

Content: Translator is a traitor?: Hot Zone, Cozy Zone, Buddhist Department … To put it bluntly, the epidemic caused by translators ’ laziness and literal translation
Photo Credit: Shutterstock
What we want you to know is
Without these foreign words, the Chinese language will not affect us more greatly by Hong Kong, Taiwan and China.
I would rather be "logical" than "logical".
Language is not a stagnant water.
Latin has been written for two thousand years, the dead wood can spit new shoots, the new Latin (Neo-Latin) in the computer, mobile phone, the Internet is not lacking, who is able to suppress the live jump of Chinese?
Text: Song Ying-tang
Dear, I killed the old Chinese - test your understanding of the translation cavity
You said that you do not read the translation book, because the translation is too heavy, but also the problem of the translation.
Okay, you're a milkman, I'll test you.
Do you also have the love memories that you have buried in the hippocampus for a long time, how do you not want to forget, do not want to forget?
Is this new word translated?
Modifications such as flower clusters, also Chinese and Western, conform to the many characteristics of the translation cavity.
Please do not submit the paper, this will be a total of three questions.
Next, please remove the memory from the hippocampus and return to the subject:
We saw an oil painting auction and felt that the works were not masterful. The casino had to go through, but did not feel seduced.
On the deck, he played with his daughter several times. The theater was also frequented and saw some old movies.
The floating cruise ship is heard, the sentence is short and powerful, but the grammar of the casino is slightly abrupt, "must" also have the taste of English, is it translated?
The subject of "you, me and him" is almost the province, is the Chinese correct? Question 3:
He went on stage and said to the microphone: "The last song I want you to help me."
Cheaper seats, would you please clap?
Other people may shake your jewelry.
The original sentence is definitely not Chinese, right? There are no long lines of modifiers, but the concert scene, the sarcastic tone, the “cheap seats ”, and the“ shaking your jewelry ” have repeatedly evoked the shadow of Western culture.
There are also many “words ”.
Dear, you are right, the source of this sentence is indeed English, "he" is the Beatles singer Lennon. English readers will know at a glance that this is a literal translation, whether there is a translation is not necessarily.
But if I said, this is from the most taboo translation of the well-known writers, do you believe it?
The last translation of this topic is Yu Guangzhong, from his collection of essays, Fan and Voice, and the source of the cruise ship is the same book, not the translation.
The title of the poem is also not translated, and the author is Kuo Hen-chih, a music critic from the University of Central and Political Science.
The focus of the translation cavity is the literal translation.
I admit that the translation encountered seemingly understandable sentences, the instinctive reaction is to translate according to the original text, especially when caught in the difficult situation of the sentence and stink and long, disassemble the sentence, regroup, flip, passive change initiative, and even move a few words in advance to the previous paragraph, busy for half a day, but also afraid of missing three out on four.
But I believe that most translators, like me, will encounter a half-understood sentence, not to understand the conscience of hard translation, even if the literal translation, their own proofreading will also shake their heads.
Some translations can be exempted, for example, "one of the largest cities" can be translated as a big city, "one of the richest people" can be referred to as the rich or the rich, "the relief of the poor is urgent" is the relief of the poor is urgent, "one-time" is free from washing or throwing away after use, "why not sit down" can be changed to "sit down".
However, the built-in original feature is not said to be able to change.
Western novels are very detailed depiction, the "hand" is never just a hand, must clearly say the arm, wrist, hand back, fingers, palm, even the palm near the wrist can be further subdivided into heel, Chinese is a hand all over the martial arts, not even a single plural need to be explained.
Too detailed is the quirk of the original text, relatively speaking, the general Chinese writing will not be too sloppy? The action of wiping tears is very simple, everyone knows, but, wiping tears with your index finger, or pressing the bottom of your hand to stop tears, are more vivid than wiping tears.
"The endless" is the most criticized point of the translation cavity, in English, and can be like a train car one after another, causing the translator before the level crossing to be bothered to crash to death.
Conversely, in Chinese, there is more than one "of" between the two commas, and the adverb "ground" can not be used too often.
Except for those who are in charge of their own affairs, they are the only ones who are in charge of their affairs.
The dark shadow of the shadow that falls, the thin shadow of the crooked willow.
— Zhu Ziqing, The Moon of the lotus pond
Alas, sweetheart, people are masters, the Chu body has the unique taste of the Chu body, the small translator feels the nose, "through your dark hair of my hand" do not stretch.
Again, the new language.
Literary rights manager Tan Guanglei once lamented on Facebook: "What exactly is rolling adjustment!" "Timely adjustment" or "At any time adjustment" is not good! "I often make a similar complaint.
What is a "false sense of security"? Let people "take it lightly" is not good.
The "hot zone", "comfort zone" and "Buddhism" are flying all over the world, saying that all the translators are lazy and literal translation of the epidemic.
The devil is in the details, and so is the devil ’ s advocate.
However, without these foreign words, the Chinese language will not affect us more greatly by Hong Kong, Taiwan and China.
I would rather be "logical" than "logical".
Language is not a stagnant water.
Latin has been written for two thousand years, the dead wood can spit new shoots, the new Latin (Neo-Latin) in the computer, mobile phone, the Internet is not lacking, who is able to suppress the live jump of Chinese?
The Japanese translation has a greater impact on the Chinese language due to its cultural proximity, such as the fact that a certain monster is "enough to destroy the world" and "a bug like existence".
The same goes for "riddle", "enlightenment", "show you something", "it will be very disturbing", "death can also be", "maybe", "really or not", "can become a great person".
I can cite so many examples in one breath, and it is true that I did not read Japanese manga when I was a child.
The translation should not be played, everyone has their own opinions, but the indisputable fact is that the translation is a foreign language directly into the Chinese fortress of the tracked car, even if you mobilize several military cards of the text special attack team can not stop.
"Adrenaline" was originally a medical term in Chinese, and in English a rush of adrenaline is a substitute for "hyperactive". Now "adrenaline surge" has also infiltrated the Chinese language through translation.
Although the Chinese and Western flavors coexist in the creation of translation, is not it also a symbol of the Chinese language's advancement with the times? Today, "hippocampus" is burned to the brain, and it is difficult to guarantee that it will not become a synonym for "memory" in a few decades.
In contrast to the faithful and overheated translation cavity, there have been extremely localized translations in Taiwan.
Remember "Little Ding Dong" and "Doctor Qin"? Sino-Japanese culture is similar, changing a name is like changing a pair of glasses to wear, the bottom is unchanged, and the degree of affinity has risen sharply.
The localization of Western works is more difficult, with some exceptions.
The following is an excerpt from Lin Wutang ’ s novel Moment in Peking, which has twice been nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature.
This illness made her envious of the health of others, and also made her sentimental, when she saw a leaf floating, and followed the wind into her room, she was filled with grief, and she could not understand it.
— Translator Chang Chen-yu, Author Lin Yu-tang, The Smoke Cloud in Beijing
"Making Her" has the tone of English, but then completely overthrew the Western accent and reclaimed the Chinese soil, which not only caused the small translators to sigh at themselves, but also caused today's publishers to put the translation on the shelves as an original Chinese book by Lin Yu-tang in order to improve their sales.
The localization of English stories set in China is not an obstacle, and it is sometimes necessary to see the skill of the translator. Professor Lai Tsz Yun ’ s Translation and Detective Office uses two translations of “The Lacquer Screen ” series of“ Dee Renjie ” to illustrate the following:
• Now you may want to go through the details, and perhaps the county will be able to deal with the matter in a particular way, depending on the specific circumstances you have described.
(2000 edition)
• If the details are reasonable and there is no contradiction in the details, we can take advantage of them cheaply. (1980 version)
The former, with its translation, is a form of speech cancer, and is not suitable for performing a random act in a court of law, while the latter is thoroughly integrated into the time and space of the Tang dynasty, leading readers to wander through the ancient style and take a look at the literal translation.

- "Latin has been written for two thousand years, the dead wood can spit new shoots, the new Latin (Neo-Latin) in the computer, mobile phone, the Internet is not lacking, who is able to suppress the live jump of Chinese?"

- "Li Yuming: In Japan, kanji is an integral part of its writing system, including 1945 kanji and some personal kanji."

Title:

Content: As the oldest written word in the world, the Chinese character is the carrier of Chinese civilization. For many years, the unique rhyme of the Chinese character has become a way for the world to understand Chinese civilization.
In recent years, the annual Chinese character selection has received more and more attention in year-end inventory around the world, and is becoming a "cultural custom" with a strong sense of ceremony.
Why did you choose the Chinese character “Inherited from Above ”? How does the Chinese character of the year bear witness to the international expression of the Chinese character culture?
How do Chinese characters express the self-summarization and spiritual resonance of the people of various countries? Recently, Li Yuming, president of the Chinese Lexicography Association, gave an exclusive interview to the China News Agency ’ s “East-West Question ” to explain the relevant issues.
A summary of the interview is as follows:
China News Service reporter: In 1995, "earthquake" was selected as the annual kanji of the year by Japan.
Since then, the annual Chinese character selection has become a selection event for regions using Chinese characters such as China, Japan, Korea, Malaysia and Singapore.
Why is that so?
Li Yuming: In Japan, kanji is an integral part of its writing system, including 1945 kanji and some personal kanji.
Learning and using kanji is an important part of Japanese language life. In 1995, the Kobe earthquake struck Japan, and the word "earthquake" became the first Kanji of the year in Japan.
Since then, every year on or around December 12, the “Japan Kanji Proficiency Testing Association ” will announce in Kiyomizu-ji Temple in Kyoto that the people will vote to choose the Kanji that best reflects the social hot spots and the people ’ s feelings in the world.
Since 2001, Korean university professors, newspaper columnists and intellectual celebrities have chosen a "Word of the Year" at the end of each year as a way to reflect current events, express their wishes and express their emotions in Korea. In 2008, Taiwan, China held the "Taiwan Representative of the Year" election; in 2011, Malaysia began the "Chinese Character of the Year" election; in Singapore, the United Morning Post Start a "Word of the Year" campaign...
The Chinese character is the carrier of the Chinese written language. It is a morpheme with expressive meaning. It can express multiple meanings from glyphs and meanings. It can be used independently as a word, but also has a strong ability to compose words. It has played an important role in the formation of languages in many countries and regions. The people have a sense of familiarity and identity with the Chinese characters.
In addition, due to the influence of traditional Chinese puzzle games, some countries and regions around China will also use the characteristics of the Chinese characters to form a new cultural custom of "annual words". And the number of spells.
China News Service reporter: Chinese character culture has played an important role in the transmission and sharing of neighboring civilizations in history. In ancient times, many countries used Chinese characters and literatures as written languages, forming a Chinese character culture circle.
How does the word kanji spread overseas?
Li Yuming: The Chinese language went out of the country and into the world, dating back to the Qin and Han dynasties.
At that time, the Chinese language was transmitted to the ancient land of Vietnam, and the Vietnamese dynasty used the Chinese written language for more than a thousand years, even after the creation of the mutant (also known as the "word").
Before 1895, the Korean Peninsula used Chinese as a written language for a long time, teaching aristocratic children through classics.
In 788 AD, the state of Shilla announced the method of "learning from the scriptures", and later sent a large number of children to the Datang to study and become officials.
In order to better record the Korean language, it is said that Xue Chung (645 – 701), who is known as one of the "Shilla Ten Sages", created the "official reading", using some Chinese characters as diacritical signs (and sometimes borrowed words).
Japan first came into contact with Han culture through Baekje, and there was a lot of cultural exchanges with China's Southern Dynasties, and then there were sui envoys and Tang envoys.
In 604 AD, the Prince of the Teikoo Dynasty promulgated 17 constitutions in Chinese characters, which was a landmark event in Japan ’ s use of the Chinese language as a document. In 645, Japan began to officially name “Japan ”, establishing a feudal system, formulating decrees in the Chinese language, and also writing historical books in the Chinese language. It is written in Chinese characters. In 720, Prince Seiji used Chinese characters to compose Japan ’ s earliest official history, the Japanese Book Chronicles.
With the pace of the Chinese people taking to the sea, the Chinese language, Chinese characters, and Chinese culture have also been brought to the Ryukyu Islands, the Lan Fong Republic in Borneo, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia and other places.
In the process of learning Chinese classics and using Chinese characters, these countries and regions have also absorbed a large number of Chinese words and even used Chinese characters to create their own characters.
Today, they have their own written language, but Chinese characters are still present in some cultural areas, including some ancient cultural buildings and folk cultural activities.
China News Service reporter: Now there are annual Chinese character selection in Europe and America, how do you see the annual Chinese character breaking circle?
Li Yuming: In recent years, in addition to the traditional Southeast Asian Chinese language, North America is forming a distinctive new Chinese language, and Europe is also expected to form a new variant of Chinese.
The phenomenon of “breaking the circle ” in Europe and the United States is closely related to the promotion of the social status of Chinese people in the region, and it is closely related to the international application of the Chinese language and the promotion of international influence, and it is closely related to the increasingly important role that China plays on the world stage.
Nowadays, with the improvement of Chinese international communication skills, more and more foreigners are learning Chinese.
By the end of 2020, more than 180 countries and regions around the world have launched Chinese language education, and more than 70 countries have incorporated Chinese into their national education system. More and more international organizations have adopted Chinese as their official language or working language.
China News Agency reporter: In 2021, the annual kanji for Japan is "gold", the annual kanji for Malaysia and Singapore is "pan", the United States is "up", and France is "boil".
What are the regional differences in the annual Chinese character selection?
Li Yu-ming: The annual Chinese characters selected by various localities are a reflection of the social mentality of various localities, which depends on both social reality and social psychology.
The word “gold ” was selected as Japan ’ s kanji for 2021 because Japanese athletes won many gold medals at the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics, Shōhei Otani won the Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award, and the issue of subsidies related to the coronavirus epidemic has attracted attention.
This is the fourth time that the word "gold" has been selected for the Japanese Kanji of the Year.
Affected by the epidemic, China, Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore, the United States and France have expressed their hope for an early end to the COVID-19 epidemic by using different Chinese characters such as "epidemic", "home", "hope", "rise" and "endure".
For example, in Malaysia and Singapore, the winning Chinese character is “hope ”, which expresses the hope for a better tomorrow. In Taiwan, the annual Chinese character is“ home ”, which describes the home life of everyone who turns into a housewife, “learning ” and“ working ” online, and various “home economy ” is booming.
China News Service reporter: As the most important users of Chinese characters in China, many overseas Chinese actively act as inheritors and disseminators of Chinese culture.
How does the annual Chinese Character Selection reflect the historical development of the overseas Chinese population actively integrating into the local society?
Li Yu-ming: Chinese (Chinese), or Chinese, is the mother tongue of Chinese people all over the world, and it is the cultural breast milk of Chinese people all over the world.
The annual selection of Chinese characters overseas is not only a cultural event in the country of residence, but also the active participation of overseas Chinese, and even the main focus of overseas Chinese.
The social cognition and psychological emotions expressed in the annual Chinese character are the organic integration of Chinese culture and local life, and are the local social consciousness expressed in the form of the Chinese character.
In this regard, the Chinese character is Chinese, overseas Chinese, or the world; the content of the annual Chinese character is Chinese, and it is also the people living in the country.
"One leaf knows autumn", the annual Chinese character phenomenon tells us that the retention of Chinese culture by overseas Chinese also promotes the cultural development of the country in which they live.
The inheritance and development of overseas Chinese Mandarin is the "advance team" of Chinese and Chinese culture to the world, and it is also an overseas platform for the internationalization of Chinese and Chinese culture.
Interviewee Profile:
Li Yuming, a second-level professor at Beijing Language and Culture University, is an expert with special subsidies from the State Council.
He is currently President of the Chinese Linguistic Association, Chairman of the Language Policy and Planning Committee of the Chinese Linguistic Association, and editor-in-chief of Language Strategy Research.
His main research interests are theoretical linguistics, grammar, psycholinguistics and language planning.
He has published more than 30 books, including “Research on Quantitative Areas of Chinese Language ”,“ Grammatical Studies ”, “Chinese Language Planning ”, and“ Research on Contemporary Chinese Linguistics ” (editor-in-chief), and has published more than 600 papers, edited the “Global Chinese Dictionary ” and“ Global Chinese Dictionary ”.
The research results have been translated into Mongolian, Tibetan, Japanese, French, English, Russian, Arabic, Korean and other languages.
(Source of this article: China News Agency "East and West Question" column, authorized by China Times News Network)
※ The above statements do not represent the position of Wangzhong Media Group ※
# Chinese # Word of the Year # Chinese # Selection # China

- "It has played an important role in the formation of languages in many countries and regions."

- "Instead of making the Taiwanese version of ChatGPT, why not keep Hakka and Taiwanese through AI?"

Title:

Content: Instead of making the Taiwanese version of ChatGPT, why not keep Hakka and Taiwanese through AI? This is the right application direction
Photo Credit: iStock
What we want you to know is
The biggest difference in the wisdom collection is that the carrier of preservation is AI. After saving these wisdom, it can always interact with you and the next generation forever. It will not be tied up like a digital collection.
Text: Cheng Shijia
WISDOM
In an AI forum the day before yesterday, the attendee asked me, “Does language still make sense? ”
Does learning still make sense? ” He is doing language education, and I can fully feel his anxiety.
I still stick to my position, when this wave of AI tsunami passes, it will be a golden age for liberal arts students and creators, provided that you have the ability to use AI naturally as hydropower, and this thing has been happening fast.
It ’ s not that I can predict the future, but I see that savvy creators have begun to embrace AI to create together.
I ’ m more optimistic about the “language ” thing.
Not to mention that a variety of translation applications have been launched, breaking down the barriers of many languages, from the perspective of cultural preservation, you can think about how much AI can help.
We are moving from the era of “digital collections ” to the era of“ smart collections. ”
AI will not destroy language, but instead save language, and soon everyone can train an AI brain at a low enough cost to feed some rare data to the brain and save our accumulated wisdom.
In the past, we said digital collections, and the next era of AI is wisdom collections.
The biggest difference in the wisdom collection is that the carrier of preservation is AI. After saving these wisdom, it can always interact with you and the next generation forever. It will not be tied up like a digital collection.
Using language as an example, we can put the world ’ s rare languages in the GPT, so that it will always save this rare language, the language will not die because of the decline in the use of the population, the best thing is that this rare language AI can always interact with you, and even teach you to learn the rare language, like ChatGPT, become a digital service, and always retain the opportunity to promote this rare language in the future.
Instead of doing the desktop version of ChatGPT, this is the right direction to apply AI.
Why not use AI to preserve Hakka and Taiwanese?
What about training Taiwanese robots, Hakka robots, and other rare languages in Taiwan at a low cost?
Every time the MRT stops, it is necessary to read all the languages at one time to almost never finish, highlighting the importance of each language to show fairness. In the future, when these languages can be permanently "wisdom", we do not need to worry about reducing the use of people, no need to rush to put these languages into compulsory courses, no need to worry about not finding teachers of rare languages, we can always retain the opportunity to learn these languages.
The digital collection preserves cold data, the wisdom of the collection preserves our future "opportunity to choose" and "avoid cultural extinction", and the significance and possibility of AI progress to culture will be much greater than the past technological progress.
This article is reproduced with permission of Cheng Sega, and the original is published here.
Extended reading
(Join the critical review network member) Daily wonderful articles sent directly to your mailbox, each week exclusive editorial selection, current affairs selection, art weekly newspaper and other special electronic newspapers.
You can also leave comments with authors, journalists, and editors to discuss the content of the article.
Join now for free!
Editor-in-Charge: Chu Chia-Yi
Editor ： Weng Shihang

---

**Explanation**:
- The sentences about the *political situation in Taiwan and Hong Kong* and *CCP’s control* highlight the sociopolitical context in which language policy and intervention may happen, including efforts to limit outside (especially English) influences.

- Statements about *foreign words affecting Chinese* suggest awareness of borrowings and their sociocultural impact.

- The *Neo-Latin* example underscores the challenge of suppressing loanwords and the resilience of living languages to external influence.

- The reference to *kanji in Japan* alludes to formal decisions about what constitutes the official written language—a kind of government intervention in borrowing and written forms.

- The idea of *maintaining heritage languages like Hakka and Taiwanese* hints at policy choices in language preservation versus accommodation of borrowings and outside influences.

Title:

Content: Instead of making the Taiwanese version of ChatGPT, why not keep Hakka and Taiwanese through AI? This is the right application direction
Photo Credit: iStock
What we want you to know is
The biggest difference in the wisdom collection is that the carrier of preservation is AI. After saving these wisdom, it can always interact with you and the next generation forever. It will not be tied up like a digital collection.
Text: Cheng Shijia
WISDOM
In an AI forum the day before yesterday, the attendee asked me, “Does language still make sense? ”
Does learning still make sense? ” He is doing language education, and I can fully feel his anxiety.
I still stick to my position, when this wave of AI tsunami passes, it will be a golden age for liberal arts students and creators, provided that you have the ability to use AI naturally as hydropower, and this thing has been happening fast.
It ’ s not that I can predict the future, but I see that savvy creators have begun to embrace AI to create together.
I ’ m more optimistic about the “language ” thing.
Not to mention that a variety of translation applications have been launched, breaking down the barriers of many languages, from the perspective of cultural preservation, you can think about how much AI can help.
We are moving from the era of “digital collections ” to the era of“ smart collections. ”
AI will not destroy language, but instead save language, and soon everyone can train an AI brain at a low enough cost to feed some rare data to the brain and save our accumulated wisdom.
In the past, we said digital collections, and the next era of AI is wisdom collections.
The biggest difference in the wisdom collection is that the carrier of preservation is AI. After saving these wisdom, it can always interact with you and the next generation forever. It will not be tied up like a digital collection.
Using language as an example, we can put the world ’ s rare languages in the GPT, so that it will always save this rare language, the language will not die because of the decline in the use of the population, the best thing is that this rare language AI can always interact with you, and even teach you to learn the rare language, like ChatGPT, become a digital service, and always retain the opportunity to promote this rare language in the future.
Instead of doing the desktop version of ChatGPT, this is the right direction to apply AI.
Why not use AI to preserve Hakka and Taiwanese?
What about training Taiwanese robots, Hakka robots, and other rare languages in Taiwan at a low cost?
Every time the MRT stops, it is necessary to read all the languages at one time to almost never finish, highlighting the importance of each language to show fairness. In the future, when these languages can be permanently "wisdom", we do not need to worry about reducing the use of people, no need to rush to put these languages into compulsory courses, no need to worry about not finding teachers of rare languages, we can always retain the opportunity to learn these languages.
The digital collection preserves cold data, the wisdom of the collection preserves our future "opportunity to choose" and "avoid cultural extinction", and the significance and possibility of AI progress to culture will be much greater than the past technological progress.
This article is reproduced with permission of Cheng Sega, and the original is published here.
Extended reading
(Join the critical review network member) Daily wonderful articles sent directly to your mailbox, each week exclusive editorial selection, current affairs selection, art weekly newspaper and other special electronic newspapers.
You can also leave comments with authors, journalists, and editors to discuss the content of the article.
Join now for free!
Editor-in-Charge: Chu Chia-Yi
Editor ： Weng Shihang

If you want further detail or elaboration on these phenomena in specific countries, let me know!